Academic literature on the topic 'Immersion solide'
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Journal articles on the topic "Immersion solide"
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ZOLA NGOYO, Matthieu, and Esaron MBUNGU MBENI. "Détermination de la densité d’un liquide inconnu par la poussée d’Archimède." Revue du Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de l'Université Pédagogique Nationale 96, no. 1 (June 3, 2023): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.62362/rszl9685.
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L’historique légendaire de la poussée d’Archimède montre que c’est par ce principe que le savant Archimède aurait déterminé la densité d’un corps solide (la couronne du Roi HIERON II) par immersion dans l’eau.Nos investigations se sont étendues sur ce principe jusqu’à la détermination de la densité d’un corps liquide par la poussée d’Archimède. De toutes nos théories et expériences, nous avons trouvé la densité de : - L’essence par la valeur d= 0,733± 0,026 ; - Mazout (gaz oil), par la valeur d= 0,830 ± 0,046. Comparativement aux valeurs théoriques de densités de ces 2 liquides : essence (d=0,73) et le mazout (d= 0,83). Nos valeurs trouvées ont des précisions respectives de :3,5 % et 5,5%
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Deng Sanyong, 邓三泳, 岳嵩 Yue Song, 张东亮 Zhang Dongliang, 刘昭君 Liu Zhaojun, 李慧宇 Li Huiyu, 柳渊 Liu Yuan, 张紫辰 Zhang Zichen, and 祝连庆 Zhu Lianqing. "固体浸没式红外超表面透镜设计." Infrared and Laser Engineering 51, no. 3 (2022): 20210360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/irla20210360.
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Lee, Won-Sup, Hyungbae Moon, Geon Lim, Guk-Jong Choi, and No-Cheol Park. "Solid-immersion lens based confocal microscopy using super-continuum generation effect." Transactions of the Society of Information Storage Systems 11, no. 2 (September 25, 2015): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.9797/tsiss.2015.11.2.022.
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Su, Shu-Chun. "Determination of refractive index of solids by dispersion staining method: An analytical approach." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 51 (August 1, 1993): 456–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100148113.
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When immersion liquids are used to determine the refractive index (RI) of non-opaque solids, the dispersion staining method is a simple, effective and precise way to determine the matching wavelength, λ0, at which the RI of an immersion liquid equals that of the solid. A series of equations has been derived to calculate the RI at any given visible wavelength such as nF, nD and vie, i.e. the RI’s at Fraunhöfer spectral lines F (486 nm), D (589 nm), and C (656 nm), from λ0 data obtained by the dispersion staining method. Two methods have been established: the Single Liquid Method and the Double Liquid Method.The Single Liquid Method is applicable for solids with known dispersion coefficients, which is defined as (nF-nC). This method uses only one immersion liquid whose RI is close to the RI of the solid to be measured so that a match between the liquid and the solid occurs in the visible range.
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Giraldo, Liliana, and Juan Carlos Moreno-Piraján. "Enthalpic Contribution of Ni(II) in the Interaction between Carbonaceous Material and Aqueous Solution." Journal of Chemistry 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7308024.
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Solid adsorbents were prepared from corn cob that was modified with a solution of HNO3 6 M at different contact times. The solids are characterized by physical N2 adsorption at 77 K to know their surface area by applying the BET model and surface chemistry is determined using the Bohem method. Once we have prepared the adsorbents we determine the immersion enthalpy, ΔHim, of the solids in Ni(II) aqueous solutions of different concentrations between 20 and 800 mg·L−1, with values for ΔHim between 10.0 and 35.3 J·g−1. From the results obtained for the immersion enthalpy in function of the ion Ni(II) concentration we calculate the contribution to the immersion enthalpy that corresponds to the ion when it is treated with the system adsorbent-solution as a mixture in which the solid, the solvent, and the adsorbate are involved. The solution thermodynamics allows for establishing the enthalpic changes that bring the ion in function of the concentration and the intensity of the interaction of solid-metal ion that is favored by the presence of acid groups in the solid.
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Mansfield, S. M., and G. S. Kino. "Solid immersion microscope." Applied Physics Letters 57, no. 24 (December 10, 1990): 2615–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103828.
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Givari, Teuku Augibran, La Choviya Hawa, and Angky Wahyu Putranto. "Teknik Dehidrasi Osmosis Pada Pembuatan Manisan Kulit Jeruk." JOFE : Journal of Food Engineering 1, no. 1 (January 22, 2022): 19–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25047/jofe.v1i1.3065.
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High consumption of oranges (Citrus sinensis) leads to the increase of orange peel waste, that’s why those orange peel waste needs to be utilized as a value-added product, such as fruit candy. Fruit candy can be produced by a process called osmotic dehydration, which is the process of immersing food material in a hypertonic solution. This research was done with Randomized Block Design to understand the effect of immersion time (2, 4, and 6 hours) and blanching time as the pretreatment (2,5, 5, and 7,5 minutes). This research was done in triplicate. The parameters that were observed are solid gain (SG), water loss (WL), weight reduction (WR), water content, and colors (L*, a*, and b*). The results indicated that the increase in immersion and blanching time causes the value of solid gain (SG) and water loss (WL) to increase, weight reduction to decrease then increase, and water content to decrease. Analysis of Variance test suggests that immersion time has a significant effect on SG, WL, WR, water content, L*, and a*. On the other hand, blanching time only significantly affects SG, WL, WR, and water content. According to Multiple Attribute Utility Theory, the best treatment in this research, regarding the results of SG, WL, WR, and water content, is the treatment with 6 hours immersion time and 7,5 minutes blanching time.
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Bretado-Aragón, Luis A., Dora A. Cortés-Hernández, José C. Escobedo-Bocardo, J. M. Almanza-Robles, and J. Ivan Escalante G. "In Vitro Bioactivity Assessment of Ceramics in the SiO2–CaO–MgO System." Materials Science Forum 560 (November 2007): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.560.35.
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Both solid-state reaction and glass-ceramic methods are used to obtain bioactive materials (CaSiO3) with different concentrations of MgO (6, 8, and 10 wt %) on the basis of the stoichiometric composition of CaO·SiO2. The in vitro bioactivity assessment is performed by immersing samples in SBF (simulated body fluids) for different periods of time. The analysis of the materials before immersion indicates the presence of different phases (akermanite, wollastonite and diopside) in the materials obtained by the solid state reaction method. It is possible to obtain wollastonite with incorporation of magnesium in its structure ((Ca, Mg)·SiO6) by the glass-ceramic method. The results obtained after immersing the samples in SBF indicate that a Ca, P-rich layer is formed on all the materials tested, even in those containing a high quantity of MgO. However, the layer formed in the MgO-free CaSiO3 ceramic is thicker than that formed in the MgO-containing materials.
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Hernández-Monje, Diana, Liliana Giraldo, and Juan Carlos Moreno-Piraján. "Enthalpic and Liquid-Phase Adsorption Study of Toluene–Cyclohexane and Toluene–Hexane Binary Systems on Modified Activated Carbons." Molecules 26, no. 10 (May 11, 2021): 2839. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26102839.
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The liquid-phase adsorption of toluene in cyclohexane and hexane solutions on modified activated carbons was evaluated; the energy involved in the interaction between these solutions and the solids was determined by immersion enthalpies of pure solvents and their mixtures, and the contribution of the system constituents was calculated by differential enthalpies. The thermal treatment generated modifications that favored adsorption and interaction with the evaluated solutions, since it increased the textural parameters and the basic character of the samples. Cyclohexane could create greater competition with the adsorption sites compared to hexane, but it favored the increase in adsorption capacities (0.416 to 1.026 mmol g−1) and the interactions with the solid evaluated through the immersion enthalpies. The immersion enthalpies of pure solvents (−16.36 to −112.7 J g−1) and mixtures (−25.65 to −104.34 J g−1) had exothermic behaviors that were decreasing due to the possible displacement of solvent molecules when increasing the solute concentration in the mixtures. The differential enthalpies for toluene were negative (−18.63 to −2.14 J), mainly due to the π–π interaction with the solid, while those of the solvent–solid component tended to be positive values (−4.25 to 55.97 J) due to the displacement of the solvent molecules by those of toluene.
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Brunner, Robert, Margit Ferstl, Sungchul Hohng, Jeffrey O. White, Matthias Burkhardt, Alexander Pesch, and Oliver Sandfuchs. "Diffraction-based solid immersion lens." Journal of the Optical Society of America A 21, no. 7 (July 1, 2004): 1186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.21.001186.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Immersion solide"
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Wang, Lin. "High-resolution structured illumination solid immersion fluorescence microscopy." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11535/.
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The use of aplanatic solid immersion lenses (ASILs) made of high refractive index optical glasses provides a route to wide-field high-resolution optical microscopy. Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) can double the spatial bandwidth of a microscope to achieve high-resolution imaging. This research aims to investigate the combination of the ASILs and SIM in fluorescence microscopy, which we call structured illumination solid immersion fluorescence microscopy (SISIM), to pursue a microscopic system with very large numerical aperture and high lateral resolution. The first stage of the research shows the development of solid immersion fluorescence microscopy (SIF) employing an ASIL allows us to obtain a fluorescence microscope with effective numerical aperture of 1.85. The aberration issues, especially chromatic aberration, that need to be circumvented are analysed by both optical simulation and experimental verification. The near-field imaging property is also discussed and demonstrated. Then the SIM using a diffraction grating to generate structured illumination pattern via two-beam interference is developed. Finally, the SISIM system is constructed by combining the structured illumination with the SIF, and an effective numerical aperture of 3 has been obtained. Future developments of the SISIM system to make it achieve higher resolution and suit routine use are proposed. SISIM is a promising high-resolution microscopic technique with extensive potential applications in cell biology.
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Masturzo, Scott A. "Grating and Planar Solid Immersion Mirror Coupled Photonic Crystal Waveguides." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1267131088.
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Lu, Yang. "Adaptive optics wavefront compensation for solid immersion microscopy in backside imaging." Thesis, Boston University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/11122.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston UniversityThis dissertation concerns advances in high-resolution optical microscopy needed to detect faults in next generation semiconductor chips. In this application, images are made through the chips' back side to avoid opaque interconnect metal layers on the frontside. Near infrared wavelengths are required, since the silicon is relatively transparent at these wavelengths. A significant challenge in this technique is to resolve features as small as 200nm using wavelengths exceeding 1OOOnm. The highest imaging resolution achievable with refractive optics at infrared wavelengths is demonstrated in this dissertation using an aplanatic solid immersion lens (SIL). This is the only method that has been found to be of sufficient resolution to image the next generation of integrated circuits. While the use of an aplanatic solid immersion lens theoretically allows numerical aperture far in excess of conventional microscopy (NASIL ~ 3.5), it also makes the system performance particularly sensitive to aberrations, especially when the samples have thicknesses that are more than a few micrometers thicker or thinner than designed thickness, or when the refractive index of the SIL is slightly different than that of the sample. In the work described here, practical design considerations of the SILs are examined. A SIL-based confocal scanning microscope system is designed and constructed. The aberrations of the system due to thickness uncertainty and material mismatch are simulated using both analytical model and ray-tracing software, and are measured in the SIL experimental apparatus. The dominant aberration for samples with thickness mismatch is found to be spherical aberration. Wavefront errors are compensated by a microelectromechanical systems deformable mirror (MEMS DM) in the optical system's pupil. The controller is implemented either with closed-loop real time sensor feedback or with predictive open-loop estimation of optical aberrations. Different DM control algorithms and aberration compensation techniques are studied and compared. The experimental results agree well with simulation and it has been demonstrated through models and experiments in this work that the stringent sample thickness tolerances previously needed for high numerical aperture SIL microcopy can be relaxed considerably through aberration compensation. Near-diffraction-limited imaging performance has been achieved in most cases that correspond to practical implementation of the technique.
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Chen, Tao. "Induced Polarization Imaging and Other Topics Associated with the Solid Immersion Lens." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195461.
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An induced evanescent polarization imaging system and associated topics using a solid immersion lens (SIL) are demonstrated in this dissertation. The physics and properties of induced polarization signal of the SIL are studied by both simulations and experiments. In the SIL optical system, with a linearly-polarized incident illumination light at the entrance pupil, an orthogonal component of polarization is induced upon reflection from the SIL. This orthogonal polarization signal contains information of both air gap height h between the bottom of the SIL and the top surface of the sample. It is used as the air gap control signal in the SIL system. An experimental SIL near-field microscope setup is developed and demonstrated. A compact mechanical package is developed for a standard microscope that implements a SIL on a retractable bimorph swing arm. With the compact package mounted on an inverted microscope, far-field and near-field images are obtained at the same location by moving the SIL with the swing arm. A 25 μm diameter and 0.8 μm high circular pedestal in the center of the flat portion of the SIL is fabricated, along with a conically shaped surrounding region. The image contrast enhancement, high lateral resolution and height information are obtained with induced polarization evanescent imaging using SIL. Experiments are conducted by imaging features on a patterned Si substrate. Imaging theory is used to predict optimum orientation of high-spatial-frequency samples, and a topographical image is derived from the induced polarization image through a calibration procedure. A numerical aperture of NA=1.5 is used in the experiment. Height accuracy of ± 2nm is demonstrated with a known sample. A new lithography system employing a solid immersion lens (SIL) is proposed and primitive experiment results are presented. SIL technology is a direct-writing technique, where high resolution is easily achieved without a mask.
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Yang, Seung-Hune. "A STUDY ON HIGH NA AND EVANESCENT IMAGING WITH POLARIZED ILLUMINATION." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195239.
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Simulation techniques are developed for high NA polarized microscopy with Babinet's principle, partial coherence and vector diffraction for non-periodic geometries. A mathematical model for the Babinet approach is developed and interpreted. Simulation results of the Babinet's principle approach are compared with those of Rigorous Coupled Wave Theory (RCWT) for periodic structures to investigate the accuracy of this approach and its limitations.A microscope system using a special solid immersion lens (SIL) is introduced to image Blu-Ray (BD) optical disc samples without removing the protective cover layer.Aberration caused by the cover layer is minimized with a truncated SIL. Sub-surface imaging simulation is achieved by RCWT, partial coherence, vector diffraction and Babinet's Principle. Simulated results are compared with experimental images and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurement.A technique for obtaining native and induced using a significant amount of evanescent energy is described for a solid immersion lens (SIL) microscope.Characteristics of native and induced polarization images for different object structures and materials are studied in detail. Experiments are conducted with a NA = 1.48 at wavelength550nm microscope. Near-field images are simulated and analyzed with an RCWT approach. Contrast curve versus object spatial frequency calculations are compared with experimental measurements. Dependencies of contrast versus source polarization angles and air gap for native and induced polarization image profiles are evaluated. By using the relationship between induced polarization and topographical structure, an induced polarization image of an alternating phase shift mask (PSM) is converted into a topographical image, which shows very good agreement with AFM measurement. Images of other material structures include a dielectric grating, chrome-on-glass grating, silicon CPU structure, BD-R and BD-ROM.
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Randrianarivelo, Tseheno Nirina. "Etude numérique des interactions hydrodynamiques fluides/solides : application aux lits fluidisés." Bordeaux 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR13087.
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Nous avons développé au cours de ce travail un modèle de simulation numérique directe afin de calculer les interactions hydrodynamiques entre le fluide et les particules. Ce modèle fait appel à une formulation originale du tenseur des contraintes des équations de Navier-Stokes. Nous l'avons décomposé en quatre expressions distinguant les contributions de compression, d'élongation, de cisaillement et de rotation. Quatre viscosités, associées à chaque contrainte, sont également introduites. Grâce à cette décomposition, nous sommes en mesure de simuler, à partir des seules équations de Navier-Stokes, le comportement d'un fluide visqueux incompressible ou celui d'un solide indéformable. Parallèlement à cela, nous avons développé une méthode de pénalisation pour imposer la contrainte d'incompressibilité du fluide et celle de non déformation du solide. Cette technique est fondée sur la méthode de lagrangien augmenté que nous avons généralisée à l'imposition de la contrainte de non déformation du solide. Les tests de validation ont montré l'efficacité de la méthode pour la simulation de particules en sédimentation à différents nombres de Reynolds. Le modèle numérique a ensuite été appliqué pour la simulation de l'écoulement à travers un ensemble de sphères fixes disposées dans un arrangement cubique face centré. Cette configuration idéale de lits fluidisés a permis d'identifier les modifications du coefficient de traînée Cd d'une particule de cet ensemble comparée à celui d'une particule isolée dans les mêmes conditions d'écoulement. La deuxième application fut l'étude d'un réseau de particules mobiles réparties de façon aléatoire initialement.
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Zhang, Jing. "High resolution solid immersion lens microscopy and its application to surface plasmon resonance imaging." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431865.
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Michel, Thomas. "Développement de procédés d'implantation ionique par immersion plasma pour le photovoltaïque." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM4307.
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Le dopage du silicium par implantation ionique pour le photovoltaïque est une application relativement récente dont l'essor se heurte encore aujourd'hui aux coûts élevés d'intégration au sein des lignes de fabrication des cellules solaires. L'implantation ionique par immersion plasma promet de répondre aux futures exigences du secteur en termes de coûts et de productivité.Ces travaux de thèse ont permis le développement de procédés d'implantation ionique par immersion plasma de l'équipement PULSION®, conçu par IBS, dédiés à la fabrication de cellules solaires en silicium monocristallin. Dans un premier temps, nous montrons qu'il permet la réalisation de profils de dopage d'émetteur de type n variés, répondant aux exigences des cellules solaires à haut rendement. Les émetteurs fabriqués sont caractérisés de manière chimique, physique et électrique afin de démontrer leur excellente qualité. L'intégration de l'implantation ionique des émetteurs au sein d'un processus de fabrication industriel et peu coûteux, développé par l'INES sur silicium monocristallin de type p, permet d'atteindre des rendements de conversion supérieurs à 19,3%, soit un gain de plus de 0,5% par rapport aux rendements obtenus avec des cellules usuelles à émetteurs dopés par diffusion POCl3.La réalisation d'émetteurs de type p est également étudiée dans ce mémoire afin de préparer la transition technologique vers les cellules solaires sur silicium monocristallin de type n. Confirmant les atouts et le potentiel de la technologie d'implantation ionique par immersion plasma, les travaux menés au cours de cette thèse débouchent sur la conception d'un prototype industriel PULSION® dédié au photovoltaïqueIon implantation is a major process technology for manufacturing integrated circuits. However, silicon doping by ion implantation for photovoltaics is a relatively recent application, and its growth still faces high costs of integration into solar cell production lines. Plasma-immersion ion implantation (PIII) promises to meet the future industry requirements in terms of costs and productivity.This thesis work has led to the development of processes dedicated to silicon-based solar cell manufacturing using the plasma-immersion ion implanter – PULSION® – designed by IBS. First, we show that PIII enables the realization of various doping profiles for phosphorus-doped emitters which fit the requirements of high-efficiency solar cells. Emitters thus fabricated are chemically, physically and electrically characterized to demonstrate their excellent quality. Those emitters, implanted through plasma immersion and integrated into a low cost solar cell manufacturing line from INES on monocrystalline silicon, enable to raise the conversion efficiency, obtained with conventional POCl3-diffused solar cells, by more than 0.5% absolute to reach efficiencies above 19.3%.Fabrication of p-type boron implanted emitters is also studied in order to improve conversion efficiencies of p-type silicon based solar cells, but also in order to anticipate the technological shift from p-type to n-type silicon material. Thanks to this thesis work, the strength and potential of PIII for photovoltaic applications have been proven and this has convinced IBS to design a PULSION® equipment dedicated to solar cell manufacturing
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Lang, Matthew. "Investigations of Optics in the 10-500 Wavelength Size Regime." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193761.
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This dissertation investigates challenges associated with optics in the 10-500 wavelength size regime. For the visible spectrum, this size range (5-250um) is classified as micro-optics, but is set apart from other size ranges by a noticeable lack of suitable simulation and metrology tools. Optics of this size are gaining popularity in applications such as solid immersion lenses (SIL) and laser beam shaping, but require more research into simulation, testing, fabrication, and assembly in order to be easily integrated into commercial applications.A survey of previous work on SILs and micro-optics simulation/testing is given, including past work with gallium phosphide (GaP) microlenses. A new SIL aberration treatment is described using spherical-parent 3rd order aberrations. Agreement is shown with previous work, and the lack of hemisphere approximations gives a broader understanding of aberrations for varying SIL thicknesses. Results show that aberration reduces with lens radius, but thickness tolerances become tighter as dimensions shrink. A study of GaP intrinsic birefringence and the theoretical impact on the induced polarization signal is also given.A survey of beam propagation simulators is given and a sequential piece-wise diffraction (SPWD) simulator is developed for arbitrary optical systems that overcomes the difficulties of simulation in the 10-500 wavelength size regime. A discussion of a future extension to the work to determine reflected and transmitted field amplitudes with a non-sequential method is presented with specific discussion on the challenges of electric field surface transfer.The design and operation of a micro-interferometer is discussed and testing results from the first sub-100um diameter GaP SILs are shown. A novel method for determining the shape profile of aspheric surfaces using information from annular fringes is presented. Theoretical beam shaping applications for micro GaP lenses is also discussed with results using the SPWD method. Experimental results are also shown for a 1x1x0.3mm beam shaper package that images a laser diode beam to an approximate size of 60um at a working distance of 4mm.Finally, designs and experimental results are shown for the integration of GaP micro-optics into conventional systems as SILs or beam-shaping elements including methods and equipment for lapping and polishing GaP.
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Eguchi, Akira, Phat Lu, Youngsik Kim, and Tom D. Milster. "Characterization of multiphoton emission from aggregated gold nano particles." SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622538.
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Although gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are promising probes for biological imaging because of their attracting optical properties and bio-friendly nature, properties of the multi-photon (MP) emission from GNP aggregates produced by a short-wave infrared (SWIR) laser have not been examined. In this paper, characterization of MP emission from aggregated 50 nm GNPs excited by a femtosecond (fs) laser at 1560 nm is discussed with respect to aggregate structures. The key technique in this work is single particle spectroscopy. A pattern matching technique is applied to correlate MP emission and SEM images, which includes an optimization processes to maximize cross correlation coefficients between a binary microscope image and a binary SEM image with respect to xy displacement, image rotation angle, and image magnification. Once optimization is completed, emission spots are matched to the SEM image, which clarifies GNP ordering and emission properties of each aggregate. Correlation results showed that GNP aggregates have stronger MP emission than single GNPs. By combining the pattern matching technique with spectroscopy, MP emission spectrum is characterized for each GNP aggregate. A broad spectrum in the visible region and near infrared (NIR) region is obtained from GNP dimers, unlike previously reported surface plasmon enhanced emission spectrum.
Books on the topic "Immersion solide"
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Hashim, Azhan, Walter Charles Primus, Mohamad Deraman, Fuei Pien Chee, and Jedol Dayou. SOLID STATE SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY Towards an Immersive Breakthrough. Trans Tech Publications, Limited, 2015.
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Dayou, Jedol. Solid State Science and Technology: Towards an Immersive Breakthrough. Trans Tech Publications, Limited, 2015.
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Dayou, Jedol, Azhan Hashim, Walter Charles Primus, Fuei Pien Chee, Mohamad Deraman, and Roslan Abd-Shukor. SOLID STATE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Towards an Immersive Breakthrough. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/b-20pefc.
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Kellman, Noah. The Game Music Handbook. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190938680.001.0001.
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Writing music for games is an art that requires conceptual forethought, specialized technical skill, and a deep understanding of how players interact with games and game audio. The Game Music Handbook embarks on a journey through numerous soundscapes throughout video game history, exploring a series of concepts and techniques that are key to being a successful game music composer. This book organizes key game music scoring concepts into an applicable methodology, describing them with memorable distinctions that leave readers with a clear picture of how to apply them to creating music and sound. Any music composer or musician who wishes to begin a career in game composition can pick up this text and quickly gain a solid understanding of the core techniques for composing video game music, as well as the conceptual differences that separate it from any other compositional field. Some of these topics include designing emotional arcs for nonlinear timelines, the relationship between music and sound design, discussion of the player’s interaction with audio, and more. There is also much to be gained by advanced readers or game audio professionals, who will find detailed discussion of game state and its effect on player interaction, a composer-centric lesson on programming, how to work with version control, information on visual programming languages, emergent audio, music for virtual reality (VR), procedural audio, and other indispensable knowledge about advanced reactive music concepts. The text often explores the effect that music has on a player’s interaction with a game. It discusses the practical application of this interaction through the examination of various techniques employed in games throughout video game history to enhance immersion, emphasize emotion, and create compelling interactive experiences.
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Arthur, Richard T. W. Monads, Composition, and Force. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812869.001.0001.
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This book offers a fresh interpretation of Leibniz’s theory of substance, taking as starting point his claims that he introduced his monads to solve the problem of the composition of the continuum. It is argued that they can only perform this function if they are understood as requisites for each of the actual parts into which matter is divided, and as sources of the actions distinguishing and making actual these parts. Bodies are not composed of monads, but presuppose them for their reality; and motions are not composed of monadic states, but presuppose their tendencies to change and resist changes. This comprises an original contribution to mereology, which is given a formal rendering using Leibniz’s own logical concepts and notation. The reading is supported by a thorough analysis of the development of Leibniz’s thought, showing how his embodied monads emerge from his long dalliance with atomism, and how his doctrine of dominant and subordinate monads derives from his immersion in the scholastic tradition of the Plurality of Forms, as he seeks to preserve the role of substantial forms in enacting God’s providential plans in a way compatible with a thoroughgoing mechanism. New insight is offered into Leibniz’s construal of bodies and motions as phenomena, his simultaneous advocacy of simple and corporeal substances, his attempt to provide a theory of substantial bonds, the status of passive force in his dynamics, his endorsement of continuous creation and the discreteness of change, and the status of monadic states as momentary.
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Sielepin, Adelajda. Ku nowemu życiu : teologia i znaczenie chrześcijańskiej inicjacji dla życia wiarą. Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15633/9788374388047.
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TOWARDS THE NEW LIFE Theology and Importance of Christian Initiation for the Life of Faith The book is in equal parts a presentation and an invitation. The subject matter of both is the mystagogical initiation leading to the personal encounter with God and eventually to the union within the Church in Christ, which happens initially and particualry in the sacramental liturgy. Mystagogy was the essential experience of life in the early Church and now is being so intensely discussed and postulated by the ecclesial Magisterium and through the teaching of the recent popes and synods. Within the ten chapters of this book the reader proceeds through the aspects strictly associated with Christian initiation, noticeable in catechumenate and suggestive for further Christian life. It is not surprising then, that the study begins with answering the question about the sense of dealing with catechumenate at all. The response developed in the first chapter covers four key points: the contemporary state of our faith, the need for dialogue in evangelization, the importance of liturgy in the renewal of faith and the obvious requirement of follo- wing the Church’s Magisterium, quite explicit in the subject undertaken within this book. The introductory chapter is meant to evoke interest in catechumenate as such and encourage comprehension of its essence, in order to keep it in mind while planning contemporary evangelization. For doing this with success and avoiding pastoral archeology, we need a competent insight into the main message and goal of Christian initiation. Catechumenate is the first and most venerable model of formation and growth in faith and therefore worth knowing. The second chapter tries to cope with the reasons and ways of the present return to the sources of catechumenate with respect to Christian initiation understood to be the building of the relationship with God. The example of catechumenate helps us to discover, how to learn wisely from the history. This would definitely mean to keep the structure and liturgy of catechumenate as a vehicle of God’s message, which must be interpreted and adapted always anew and with careful and intelligent consideration of the historical flavour on particular stages within the history of salvation and cultural conditions of the recipients. For that reason we refer to the Biblical resources and to the historical examples of catechumenate including its flourishing and declining periods, after which we are slowly approaching the present reinterpretation of the catechumenal process enhanced by the official teaching of the Church. As the result of the latter, particularly owing to the Vatican Council II, we are now dealing with the renewed liturgy of baptism displayed in two liturgical books: The Rite of Baptism for Children and the Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults (RCIA). This version for adults is the subjectmatter of the whole chapter, in which a reader can find theological analyses of the particular rites as well as numerous indications for improving one’s life with Christ in the Church. You can find interesting associations among the rites of initiation themselves and astounding coherence between those rites and the sacraments of the Eucharist, penance and other sacraments, which simply means the ordinary life of faith. Deep and convincing theology of the process of initiation proves the inspiring spiritual power of the initial and constitutive sacraments of baptism and confirmation, which may seem attractive not only for catechumens but also for the faithful baptized in their infancy, and even more, since they might have not yet had a chance to see what a plausible treasure they have been conveying in their baptismal personality. How much challenge for further and constant realization in life may offer these introductory events of Christian initiation, yet not sufficiently appreciated by those who have already been baptized and confirmed! We all should submit to permanent re-evangelization according to this primary pattern, which always remains essential and fundamental. Very typical and very post-conciliar approach to Christian formation appears in the communal dimension, which guards and guarantees the ecclesial profile of initiation and prepares a person to be a living member of the Church. The sixth chapter of the book is dealing with ecclesial issues in liturgy. They refer to comprehending the word of God, especially in the context of liturgy, which brings about a peculiar theological sense to it and giving a special character to proclaiming the Gospel, which the Pope Francis calls “liturgical proclamation”. The ecclesial premises influence the responsibility for the fact of accompanying the candidates, who aim at becoming Christ’s disciples. As the Church is teaching also in the theological and pastoral introduction to the RCIA, this is the duty of all Christians, which means: priests, religious and the lay, because the Church is one organism in whose womb the new members are conceived and raised. As this fact is strongly claimed by the Church the method of initiation arises to great importance. The seventh chapter is dedicated to the analysis of the catechumenal method stemming from Christ’s pedagogy and His mystery of Incarnation introducing a very important issue of implementing the Divine into the human. The chapter concerning this method opens a more practical part of the book. The crucial message of it is to make mystagogy a natural and obvious method which is the way of building bonds with Christ in the community of the people who already have these bonds and who are eager to tighten them and are aware of the beauty and necessity of closeness with Christ. Christian initiation is the process of entering the Kingdom of God and meeting Christ up to the union with Him – not so much learning dogmas and moral requirements. This is a special time when candidates-catechumens-elected mature in love and in their attitude to Christ and people, which results in prayer and new way of life. As in the past catechumenate nowadays inspires the faithful in their imagination of love and mercy as well as reminds us about various important details of the paschal way of life, which constitute our baptismal vocation, but may be forgotten and now with the help of catechumenate can be recognized anew, while accompanying adults on their catechumenal way. The book is meant for those who are already involved in catechumenal process and are responsible for the rites and formation as well as for those who are interested in what the Church is offering to all who consciously decide to know and follow Christ. You can learn from this book, what is the nature and specificity of the method suggested by the Rite itself for guiding people to God the Saviour and to the community of His people. The aim of the study is to present the universal way of evangelization, which was suggested and revealed by God in His pedagogy, particularly through Jesus Christ and smoothly adopted by the early Church. This way, which can be called a method, is so complete, substantial and clear that it deserves rediscovery, description and promotion, which has already started in the Church’s teaching by making direct references to such categories as: initiation, catechumenate, liturgical formation, the rereading the Mystery of Christ, the living participation in the Mystery and faith nourished by the Mystery. The most engaging point with Christian initiation is the fact, that this seems to be the most effective way of reviving the parish, taking place on the solid and safe ground of liturgy with the most convincing and objective fact that is our baptism and our new identity born in baptismal regenerating bath. On the grounds of our personal relationship with God and our Christian vocation we can become active apostles of Christ. Evangelization begins with ourselves and in our hearts. Thinking about the Church’s mission, we should have in mind our personal mission within the Church and we should refer to it’s roots – first to our immersion into Christ’s death and resurrection and to the anointment with the Holy Spirit. In this Spirit we have all been sent to follow Christ wherever He goes, not necessarily where we would like to direct our steps, but He would. Let us cling to Him and follow Him! Together with the constantly transforming and growing Church! Towards the new life!
Book chapters on the topic "Immersion solide"
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Pakpum, C., N. Pasaja, P. Suanpoot, D. Boonyawan, P. Srisantithum, C. Silawatshananai, and Thiraphat Vilaithong. "Diamond-Like Carbon Formed by Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation and Deposition Technique on 304 Stainless Steel." In Solid State Phenomena, 129–32. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-12-4.129.
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You, Y. Z., D. I. Kim, and H. G. Chun. "A study on the Surface Properties of Nitrogen Implanted H13 Steel by Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation." In Solid State Phenomena, 275–80. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-25-6.275.
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Böken, David, Michael Schluse, and Jürgen Rossmann. "Improving the Understanding of a Remote Environment by Immersive Man-Machine Interaction." In Annals of Scientific Society for Assembly, Handling and Industrial Robotics 2021, 127–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74032-0_11.
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Abstract In a changing world, the way we interact with machines must change as well. Teleoperation becomes more important. This poses its own set of challenges. To solve these a new Human-Machine interface must be developed. By developing this HMI around the concept of immersion, these challenges can be solved. This new kind of HMI can be applied to different fields. Examples using forestry or remote robot operations are demonstrated.
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Manjula, C. B., Sandhya Jayakumar, and S. Gopalakrishnan. "Pathways for Ganesha Idol Immersion Process: A Review of Best Practices by BBMP." In Solid Waste Policies and Strategies: Issues, Challenges and Case Studies, 27–33. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1543-9_3.
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Vollmer, R., J. Espirilla, J. C. Sánchez, L. Arroyo, G. Flores, A. Rojas, N. L. Anglin, J. Kreuze, and D. Ellis. "Accelerated In Vitro Propagation of Sweetpotato Clones (Ipomoea batatas L.)." In Technologies in Plant Biotechnology and Breeding of Field Crops, 133–49. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5767-2_7.
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AbstractFast and reliable propagation of plant material is an important need in different stages of breeding programs and production systems. In vitro propagation ensures that pathogen- and virus-free plants stay phytosanitary clean over time while providing high multiplication rates. Using liquid instead of solid culture medium can reduce the interval of individual propagation cycles and contributes to speeding up of the process (1.5–2.5 times), especially during the initial growth phase of the plants. Sophisticated immersion systems have been developed for many plant species, but they are difficult to apply when hundreds or thousands of different genotypes are propagated simultaneously. Additionally, these systems require a high input of technical equipment, know-how and experience to avoid bacterial or fungal contamination during the propagation process. The following protocol describes a low-input suspension technique that combines the use of liquid and solid medium, and permits the successful propagation of genetically diverse sweetpotato genotypes [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] with a high multiplication rate. As sweetpotato is an important staple crop in low-income/technology countries of Africa, Asia, and South America, the described method may find valuable application for the breeding programs in these regions.
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Abu Hassan, Affrida, Norazlina Noordin, Zaiton Ahmad, Mustapha Akil, Faiz Ahmad, and Rusli Ibrahim. "Protocol for Mass Propagation of Plants Using a Low-Cost Bioreactor." In Efficient Screening Techniques to Identify Mutants with TR4 Resistance in Banana, 177–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64915-2_11.
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AbstractConventional in vitro mass propagation methods are labour-intensive, costly and have a low degree of automation. Bioreactor or automated growth vessel systems using liquid media were developed to overcome these problems. The use of liquid instead of solid culture medium for plant micropropagation offers better access to medium components and scalability through automation. However, the cost of setting up a bioreactor system is one of its disadvantages as such systems are expensive with limited number of manufacturers. A low-cost bioreactor system was set up using recycled, low biodegradable plastic bottles. This low-cost bioreactor, based on temporary immersion principle, has proven to be effective as a vessel for rapid plant propagation. It is designed to reduce the production cost of plant micropropagation. This chapter explains the step-by-step methods for setting up a low-cost bioreactor for banana seedling production. This low-cost bioreactor system has the potential to be adapted for large scale in vitro cultivation of the plant seedlings.
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Tegehall, P. E. "Impact of Black Pad and Intermetallic Layers on the Risk for Fractures in Solder Joints to Electroless Nickel/Immersion Gold." In The ELFNET Book on Failure Mechanisms, Testing Methods, and Quality Issues of Lead-Free Solder Interconnects, 179–95. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-236-0_8.
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Taylor-Pirie, Emilie. "Microbial Empires: Active Transmission Strategies and Postcolonial Critique." In Empire Under the Microscope, 205–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84717-3_6.
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AbstractIn this chapter Taylor-Pirie illuminates how the microbiological imagination made its mark on anxious imperial fictions by close reading H. G. Wells’s The War of the Worlds (1898) and John Masefield’s Multitude and Solitude (1909) alongside parasitologists’ characterisations of parasite-vector-host relationships. The anthropocentric semantics of war, violence, and criminality characterised tropical illness as another form of colonial insurrection, bolstering the biopolitical power of medicine as an extension of the disciplinary law-and-order state. She interrogates the collision of the ‘medicine as war’ metaphor with a medicalised concept of ‘the Other’ to think through biomedical and national identity—as well as the discomforting agency of non-human vectors—in Bram Stoker’s Dracula (1897), H. P. Lovecraft and Hazel Heald’s ‘Wingéd Death’ (1934), and the poetry and correspondence of parasitologists. Taylor-Pirie examines how vengeful insects, alien invasions, microbial villains, and the supernatural gave shape to the anxiety that Britain’s geopolitical relationships were immersing the imperial capital in a global marketplace of pathogens. By excavating the medical and political contexts of popular cultural forms like the vampire, she historicises lexes of contagion and parasitism that persist in contemporary political discourse surrounding immigration.
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Weber-Stein, Florian. "Arrangement - Affizierung - Artikulation." In Atopien im Politischen, 67–84. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839452011-003.
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Der Text ist der Versuch, die höchst subjektiven (aber vielleicht nicht beliebigen) Erfahrungen und Effekte einer immersiven Silent-Walk-Performance zu rekonstruieren, die in Bamberg am 12. Juli 2019 stattfand und von Werner Friedrichs (Universität Bamberg) gemeinsam mit der Performance-Künstlergruppe JAJAJA (Hamburg) konzipiert und durchgeführt wurde. Dazu sind zwei vorbereitende Schritte notwendig: In einem ersten - theoretischen - Schritt werde ich (im Anschluss an Werner Friedrichs) sehr knapp Überlegungen zu einer politischen Bildungsarbeit vorstellen, die die Einsichten der neueren, um die "politische Differenz" (Marchart) zentrierten Demokratietheorien politikdidaktisch ausmünzen will. In einem zweiten - konzeptuell-methodologischen - Schritt schlage ich vor, die Erfahrungsgehalte einer solchen Bildungsarbeit mit einem Fokus auf ihre affektiven Wirkungen zu analysieren, d.h. mit Blick auf die Konstitution von Stimmungen bzw. Atmosphären, die affektiven Resonanzen zwischen den Teilnehmer*innen sowie die Verunsicherung subjektiver Gefühlslagen. Auf dieser Grundlage stellt der dritte - wenn man so will: empirische - Abschnitt anhand von Vignetten aus meinen field notes exemplarisch zwei Ereignisse bzw. didaktische Arrangements des Silent-Walk vor und versucht deren Bildungsgehalte affekttheoretisch zu rekonstruieren. Abschließend möchte ich den kritischen Einwand diskutieren, ob die skizzierten Erlebnisepisoden als Bildungserfahrungen zu werten sind und ob eine solche Bildung als politische qualifiziert werden kann.
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Qian, Zhongling, and Christof Brillert. "System-Level: Challenges of Solid Immersion Lens Technology." In Electronic Device Failure Analysis Technology Roadmap, 83–90. ASM International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.edfatr.t56090083.
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Abstract This chapter assesses the benefits of using a solid immersion lens (SIL) to detect faults in ICs via optical imaging and laser-stimulation techniques. It discusses the advantages and limitations of different types of SILs and their effect on spatial resolution, spot size, focus depth, and collection efficiency. It also provides a brief overview of technical challenges at the die level.
Conference papers on the topic "Immersion solide"
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Tohmyoh, Hironori, and Masumi Saka. "A High-Resolution Dry-Contact Acoustic Imaging of the Solder Joints for Ball Grid Array Assembly." In ASME 2003 International Electronic Packaging Technical Conference and Exhibition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2003-35228.
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A new concept of acoustic microscopy for ball grid array assembly is reported. Commonly, the acoustic microscopy has to be performed with immersing the package in the coupling liquid. On the other hand, the present technique does not require the immersion of the package in the liquid, because the transduction of high frequency ultrasound is performed thorough a thin solid layer. A theoretical model is shown to perform the transduction of ultrasound more effective than usual immersion, and an acoustic matching layer, which realizes the signal amplification and the modulation, is shown. The acoustic imaging of the solder joints of a wafer level package is carried out by the present dry-contact and usual immersion techniques. The dry-contact acoustic images show the defective joint clearly, and the detectability of the defective joint is improved remarkably as compared with the usual immersion images.
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Kino, Gordon S. "Solid immersion lens." In Optical Engineering for Sensing and Nanotechnology (ICOSN '99), edited by Ichirou Yamaguchi. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.347773.
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Zhou, L., J. Bain, and T. E. Schlesinger. "Stacked planar solid immersion mirror." In Contract Proceedings 2006, edited by Ryuichi Katayama and Tuviah E. Schlesinger. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.685168.
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Zhang, Yaoju, Xiao Qian, Xiukai Ruan, and Haiyong Zhu. "Solid immersion Fresnel zone plate." In Digital Holography and Three-Dimensional Imaging. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/dh.2015.dw2a.15.
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Kino, Gordon S., and Roger A. Hajjar. "Focusing the solid immersion lens." In International Symposium on Optical Memory and Optical Data Storage. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.997626.
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Marchi, Alexandria Nicole, Robert Vaughn Morgan, Hannah Elizabeth Worrest, John David Bernardin, and Franz Joseph Freibert. "Simulation and Experimental Validation of the Thermal Influence on Self-Heating Metal Density Measurements." In ASME 2017 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2017-4992.
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Bulk density measurements of radioactive materials can give significant information about radiation-induced compositional and structural changes. Traditionally, density measurements of solids are performed using hydrostatic immersion techniques based on Archimedes‘ principal, the precision of which is highly dependent on knowing the density profile of the immersion fluid. However, radioactive materials are inherently self-heating, producing thermal gradients within the immersion fluid, which induce convective flow and density gradients around the sample. In this study, COMSOL Multiphysics models were generated to study how the immersion fluid thermo-physical properties, sample size, shape and orientation, and heating power output affect the buoyancy force on the sample and ultimately the precision of the density measurements. A dimensionless equation was developed and will be fit to simulation and experimental data to build a correlation between the thermo-physical properties of the immersion fluid and the variance in the resulting buoyancy force on the samples with varying heat outputs. Thermal models will be validated experimentally by immersing self-heating metal mimics — tungsten samples with embedded surface mount resistors connected to a controllable power source — into various immersion fluid baths. Schlieren and laser-induced fluorescence flow visualization techniques around the self-heating mimics can be used to validate the density profiles predicted by the numerical models. Only the beginning setup of Schlieren experiments will be discussed as they are ongoing. This correlation, along with concurrent chemical compatibility studies not discussed in this publication, will help derive fluid selection parameters to increase the precision of density measurements. The validated numerical models can also be used to improve density measurement setups and understand where data probes, e.g., thermocouples, should be located to realize the density profile in the immersion fluid during sample measurement.
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Hayashi, S., Gordon S. Kino, and Isao Ichimura. "Solid immersion lens for optical storage." In IS&T/SPIE's Symposium on Electronic Imaging: Science & Technology, edited by Tony Wilson and Carol J. Cogswell. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.205324.
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Chen, Tao, David Felix, Sang-Ki Park, Brendan McCarthy, Dror Sarid, and Tom Milster. "Near-Field Solid Immersion Lens (SIL) Microscope." In Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2005.fwk4.
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Ippolito, Stephen Bradley, and Hirotoshi Terada. "Annular Illumination and Collection in Solid Immersion." In ISTFA 2009. ASM International, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2009p0060.
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Abstract Tailoring the angular spectrum with annular illumination and collection can significantly improve integrated circuit analysis with an optical microscope, when combined with solid immersion. We present the development, testing, and optimization of a simple and compact apparatus to implement annular illumination and collection in a Hamamatsu iPHEMOS system. We demonstrated improved imaging of an IBM 45nm silicon-oninsulator circuit, with annular illumination and collection in confocal scanning optical microscopy and widefield microscopy with an InGaAs camera.
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Chen, Tao, Tom Milster, Dongseok Nam, and Seung H. Yang. "Experimental investigation of solid immersion lens lithography." In Optical Microlithography XVIII. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.600065.
Full textReports on the topic "Immersion solide"
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Nutrition Science for Health and Longevity: What Every Clinician Needs to Know. Gaples Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51150/gaples1.
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This online nutrition course for clinicians, approved for 4 hours of continuing medical education, is designed to provide a solid foundation of clinically relevant nutrition knowledge, and outlines practical strategies to incorporate nutritional counseling into a busy clinical practice. Course elements include: 1) Clickable links to more than 100 key references; 2) Sections on clinician self-care, fad diets, screening for patients with food insecurity, and motivational interviewing; 3) Over 20 immersive clinical scenarios; 4) Downloadable summaries of each section with key takeaways.