Journal articles: 'Immersione'

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Dunac, A., M. Popolo, and O. Simon. "Complicanze neurologiche degli accidenti da immersione." EMC - Neurologia 9, no. 1 (January 2009): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1634-7072(09)70518-5.

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Crasto, S. Greco, F. Giordano, P. Ragazzi, D. Daniele, S. Zeme, and GB Bradač. "Ematoma sub-periostale dell'orbita conseguente ad immersione subacquea Aspetti TC ed RM." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 13, no. 2 (April 2000): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140090001300215.

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L'ematoma sub-periostale dell'orbita è una patologia rara. Benchè la maggior parte dei casi siano conseguenza di un trauma facciale diretto o una complicanza chirurgica, sono stati descritte cause non traumatiche. Riportiamo un caso di ematoma sub-periostale orbitario spontaneo comparso durante un'immersione subacquea in una giovane donna. In questo lavoro vengono discussi i reperti di risonanza magnetica, di tomografia computerizzata e viene effettuata una revisione della letteratura.

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Giliberti, Luca. "Il ritorno delle frontiere interne in Europa e la solidarietà ai migranti in transito: il caso della Val Roja." REMHU: Revista Interdisciplinar da Mobilidade Humana 28, no. 58 (April 2020): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-85852503880005805.

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Riassunto Il presente articolo analizza la solidarietà ai migranti in transito nell’Europa della “crisi dell’accoglienza” attraverso lo studio di caso della Val Roja, una piccola valle francese al confine con l’Italia. Il contributo contestualizza il ritorno delle frontiere interne in Europa e si focalizza sulle forme, gli attori e le pratiche della solidarietà ai migranti in questa valle. Si tratta di una solidarietà endogena, che nasce in particolare dalle reti di neorurali e si struttura attorno a valori condivisi, oltreché ad un determinato approccio di difesa del territorio. Allo stesso tempo, voci ostili ai migranti e alla solidarietà emergono, all’interno di un conflitto sociale tra i nativi – le cosiddette familles de souches – e i più recenti abitanti. L’articolo si basa su una ricerca etnografica di un anno e mezzo, svolta attraverso un processo di immersione nella realtà locale e l’uso di tecniche quali l’osservazione partecipante e le interviste semi-strutturate.

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Ferrara, Mario. "Campagne napoletane. Archeologie degli ordinamenti scomparsi." CRIOS, no. 19 (May 2021): 72–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/crios2020-019007.

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Lo scopo di questa ‘campagna fotografica' è di leggere nel periurbano napoletano un ordine scomparso, attraverso la messa in forma di ricorrenze, analogie, allineamenti e altre tracce. Un lavoro da archeologo, che pone il fotografo in una posizione critica, che richiede un'attenta comprensione dei luoghi, mediante una loro lettura sistema¬tica, seriale. Una comprensione che potrà avvenire solo mettendo in atto quell'ope¬razione di immersione totale dell'autore nel paesaggio, richiamando quel concetto di criss-crossed landscape del filosofo Wittgenstein: conoscere un territorio vuol dire attraversarlo in lungo ed in largo, osservandolo da vari punti di vista. Di fondo, la con¬vinzione che la serialità della fotografia, come composizione armonica di un ordine invisibile, possa rivelare e mettere in mostra le potenzialità latenti dei luoghi. Nel caso del periurbano, spazio contradditorio e complesso, questa operazione consente di dare valore alla continua transizione città-campagna che in esso avviene, e alla sua latente possibilità di diventare spazio relazionale tra società e ambiente.

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Nomizu, Katsumi, Ulrich Pinkall, and Fabio Podestà. "On the geometry of affine Kähler immersions." Nagoya Mathematical Journal 120 (December 1990): 205–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0027763000003342.

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In this paper we extend the work on affine immersions [N-Pi]-1 to the case of affine immersions between complex manifolds and lay the foundation for the geometry of affine Kähler immersions. The notion of affine Kähler immersion extends that of a holomorphic and isometric immersion between Kähler manifolds and can be contrasted to the notion of holomorphic affine immersion which has been established in the work of Dillen, Vrancken and Verstraelen [D-V-V] and that of Abe [A].

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Chen, Bang-Yen. "Classification of tensor product immersions which are of 1-type." Glasgow Mathematical Journal 36, no. 2 (May 1994): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017089500030809.

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Let V and W be two vector spaces over the field of real numbers R. Then we have the notion of the tensor product V ⊗ W. If V and W are inner product spaces with their inner products given respectively by «,»v and «,» w, then V ⊗ W is also an inner product space with inner product denned byLet Em denote the m-dimensional Euclidean space with the canonical Euclidean inner product. Then, with respect to the inner product defined above, Em ⊗Em is isometric to Em. By applying this algebraic notion, we have the notion of tensor product mapf ⊗h: M→ E: M ⊗= Em; associated with any two maps f: M→Em and h:M→E of a given Riemannian manifold (M, g) defined as follows:Denote by R(M) the set of all transversal immersions from an n-dimensional Riemannian manifold (M, g) into Euclidean spaces; i. e., immersions f:M→Em with f(p) ∉T*(TPM) for p ∈ M. Then ⊗ is a binary operation on R(M). Hence, if f: Mm and h: M→Em are immersions belonging to R(M), then their tensor product map f ⊗ h: M→ Em ⊗ Em ≡ Emm is an immersion in R(M), called the tensor product immersionof f and h.

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Silva Bastos, Arthur, Renata Faria Gomes, Clemilson Costa dos Santos, and José Gilvan Rodrigues Maia. "Synesthesia: A Study on Immersive Features of Electronic Games." Journal on Interactive Systems 9, no. 2 (August 29, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/jis.2018.700.

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Immersion is a quality that turns user experiences more appealing, despite the definition of immersion itself still being a source of controversy. Modern electronic games became a well-established immersive media which already has a number of consumer-level virtual reality hardware and software available. Endowing a game with immersion requires not only theoretical background found in literature but more practical guidelines for assisting developers to glimpse possibilities and make design decisions. In this paper, we investigate specific features that bestow immersion to an electronic game. So, we first analyzed game titles the audience, the critics and developers themselves consider immersive in order to enumerate potentially immersive features found in these games. We then developed a potentially immersive game prototype based on these features. Results of a comparative evaluation of our prototype and the selected titles under different settings suggest that six features were able to provide an immersive experience.

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CHEN, BANG-YEN. "Ideal Lagrangian immersions in complex space forms." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 128, no. 3 (May 2000): 511–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004199004247.

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Roughly speaking, an ideal immersion of a Riemannian manifold into a space form is an isometric immersion which produces the least possible amount of tension from the ambient space at each point of the submanifold. In this paper we study Lagrangian immersions in complex space forms which are ideal. We prove that all Lagrangian ideal immersions in a complex space form are minimal. We also determine ideal Lagrangian submanifolds in complex space forms.

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Mestrener, Leandro Rahal, Sandra Rahal Mestrener, Cleidiel Aparecido Araujo Lemos, André Luiz Fraga Briso, Renato Herman Sundfeld, and Ticiane Cestari Fagundes. "Repair bond strength and degradation of glass ionomer cements after mechanical and chemical challenges." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 19 (May 6, 2020): e201715. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v19i0.8659174.

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Aim: Little is known about the reparability of glass ionomer cements (GICs) after storage in acid environments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the solubility and repairability of GICs immersed in acid solutions and subjected to brushing. Methods: Thirty discs of each GIC (Vitremer, VitroFil LC, VitroFil, and Maxxion R) were divided into three immersion groups: distilled water, Coca-Cola, or hydrochloric acid (HCl), then subjected to brushing. The weight of discs was measured before and after the immersions to determine mass alteration. Each disc was repaired, by adding the same brand of GIC over its surface. After immersing the repaired specimens in same solutions, shear bond strengths using universal testing machine were measured. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test was used (α=0.05). Results: Resin-modified GICs degrade after HCl immersion followed by brushing (p<0.05), while self-cured GICs were negatively affected by all challenges (p<0.05). The challenges decreased the repair strength for VitroFil LC (p<0.05), which had higher repair shear bond strength than the other GICs (p<0.05), exhibiting most cohesive failures. Conclusion: Self-cured GICs degraded when immersed in all acid solutions with brushing while resin-modified GICs only degraded following HCl immersion with brushing. Despite exhibiting the best repair results, VitroFil LC was the only GIC that was influenced by all the acid challenges.

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BORBÉLY, ALBERT. "ON MINIMAL SURFACES SATISFYING THE OMORI–YAU PRINCIPLE." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 84, no. 1 (June 16, 2011): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972711002346.

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AbstractComplete minimal immersions satisfying the Omori–Yau maximum principle are investigated. It is shown that the limit set of a proper immersion into a convex set must be the whole boundary of the convex set. In case of a nonproper and nonplanar immersion we prove that the convex hull of the immersion is a half-space or ℝ3.

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Deuster, P. A., D. J. Smith, B. L. Smoak, L. C. Montgomery, A. Singh, and T. J. Doubt. "Prolonged whole-body cold water immersion: fluid and ion shifts." Journal of Applied Physiology 66, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.66.1.34.

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To characterize fluid and ion shifts during prolonged whole-body immersion, 16 divers wearing dry suits completed four whole-body immersions in 5 degrees C water during each of two 5-day air saturation dives at 6.1 msw. One immersion was conducted at 1000 (AM) and one at 2200 (PM) so that diurnal variations could be evaluated. Fifty-four hours separated the immersions, which lasted up to 6 h; 9 days separated each air saturation dive. Blood was collected before and after immersion; urine was collected for 12 h before, during, and after immersion for a total of 24 h. Plasma volume decreased significantly and to the same extent (approximately 17%) during both AM and PM immersions. Urine flow increased by 236.1 +/- 38.7 and 296.3 +/- 52.0%, urinary excretion of Na increased by 290.4 +/- 89.0 and 329.5 +/- 77.0%, K by 245.0 +/- 73.4 and 215.5 +/- 44.6%, Ca by 211.0 +/- 31.4 and 241.1 +/- 50.4%, Mg by 201.4 +/- 45.9 and 165.3 +/- 287%, and Zn by 427.8 +/- 93.7 and 301.9 +/- 75.4% during AM and PM immersions, respectively, compared with preimmersion. Urine flow and K excretion were significantly higher during the AM than PM. In summary, when subjects are immersed in cold water for prolonged periods, combined with a slow rate of body cooling afforded by thermal protection and enforced intermittent exercise, there is diuresis, decreased plasma volume, and increased excretions of Na, K, Ca, Mg, and Zn.

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Carter, Sheila, and Zerrin Şentürk. "The Space of Immersions Parallel to a given Immersion." Journal of the London Mathematical Society 50, no. 2 (October 1994): 404–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/jlms/50.2.404.

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Bolton, J., C. Rodriguez Montealegre, and L. Vrancken. "Characterizing warped-product Lagrangian immersions in complex projective space." Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 52, no. 2 (May 28, 2009): 273–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0013091507000922.

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AbstractStarting from two Lagrangian immersions and a horizontal curve in S3(1), it is possible to construct a new Lagrangian immersion, which we call a warped-product Lagrangian immersion. In this paper, we find two characterizations of warped-product Lagrangian immersions. We also investigate Lagrangian submanifolds which attain at every point equality in the improved version of Chen's inequality for Lagrangian submanifolds of ℂPn(4) as discovered by Opreaffi We show that, for n≥4, an n-dimensional Lagrangian submanifold in ℂPn(4) for which equality is attained at all points is necessarily minimal.

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Chen, Bang-Yen. "Slant immersions." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 41, no. 1 (February 1990): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972700017925.

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A slant immersion is defined as an isometric immersion from a Riemannnian manifold into an almost Hermitian manifold with constant Wirtinger angle. In this article we give some fundamental results concerning slant immersions. Several results on slant surfaces in ℂ2 are also proved.

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COLARES, ANTONIO GERVASIO, and FERNANDO ENRIQUE ECHAIZ-ESPINOZA. "CONSTANT SCALAR CURVATURE HYPERSURFACES WITH SECOND-ORDER UMBILICITY." Glasgow Mathematical Journal 51, no. 2 (May 2009): 219–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017089508004643.

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AbstractWe extend the concept of umbilicity to higher order umbilicity in Riemannian manifolds saying that an isometric immersion is k-umbilical when APk−1(A) is a multiple of the identity, where Pk(A) is the kth Newton polynomial in the second fundamental form A with P0(A) being the identity. Thus, for k=1, one-umbilical coincides with umbilical. We determine the principal curvatures of the two-umbilical isometric immersions in terms of the mean curvatures. We give a description of the two-umbilical isometric immersions in space forms which includes the product of spheres $S^{k}(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}})\times S^{k}(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}})$ embedded in the Euclidean sphere S2k+1 of radius 1. We also introduce an operator φk which measures how an isometric immersion fails to be k-umbilical, giving in particular that φ1 ≡ 0 if and only if the immersion is totally umbilical. We characterize the two-umbilical hypersurfaces of a space form as images of isometric immersions of Einstein manifolds.

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McLaughlin, John R., Mary E. Trounson, Rex G. Stewart, and A. John McKinnon. "Surfactant Solution Transport in Wool Yarn." Textile Research Journal 58, no. 9 (September 1988): 501–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051758805800902.

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The immersion absorption of a wool carpet yarn was studied to gain a better understanding of yarn scouring processes. Upon initial immersion in nonylphenol poly(ethylene oxide) (NPEO) surfactant solutions at 50°C, yarn bundles became rapidly and almost completely saturated. After removal from the solution and squeezing, however, complete absorption on subsequent immersions in either an identical solution or distilled water was possible only when the EO chain length of the NPEO surfactant was ≥ 12. For an EO chain length of 9, complete saturation on the subsequent immersions was possible only when the surfactant concentration was <0.5 gl-1. Evidence suggests that the incomplete saturation phenomenon is caused by thin surfactant films that trap air in the yarn interior. The thin films are formed in the squeezing process following the first immersion.

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Lucho Lingan, Cesar, Meng Li, and Arnold P. O. S. Vermeeren. "THE IMMERSION CYCLE: UNDERSTANDING IMMERSIVE EXPERIENCES THROUGH A CYCLICAL MODEL." Proceedings of the Design Society 1 (July 27, 2021): 3011–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2021.562.

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AbstractThe present work introduces a cyclical model which showcases the process of immersion during Immersive Technological Experiences (ITEs) such as Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality and Mixed Reality. This model is based on the identified concepts around immersion and immersive environments across 30 years. The concepts' similarities were used to organize them on a cyclical model by acknowledging the user's presence at the beginning and end of immersive experiences. The proposed model's value relies on its cyclical approach based on a user-centred perspective and having a general overview of the immersion process. The Immersive cycle can serve as a mapping tool for developers and researchers, thanks to the inclusion of guidelines that complements the model. Both of these were used in three different examples of ITEs. Furthermore, the cyclical model could be used as a tool for ideation and conceptualization during the early stages of developing immersive experiences. Nevertheless, it is recognized that this is the first step in developing this model; therefore, it still needs to be validated and improved based on tests with developers, designers and researchers in the field.

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Kolesch, Doris. "Vom Reiz des Immersiven." Paragrana 26, no. 2 (November 27, 2017): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/para-2017-0020.

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AbstractAm Beispiel immersiver Situationen untersucht der Beitrag Verflechtungen zwischen alltäglichen ästhetischen Formationen und performativen Künsten. Denn sowohl in der Theater- und Performancekunst als auch in einem weiten Spektrum von Arbeits-, Konsum- und Erlebniswelten gewinnt Immersion als Erfahrung der Verflüssigung von Grenzen und Räumen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Der Text charakterisiert wesentliche Aspekte immersiver Theaterformen, erläutert kritisch etablierte Konzepte von Immersion und zeigt am Beispiel des Smartphone- und Tabletspiels Pokémon Go das Eindringen des Immersiven in den mediatisierten Alltag. Abschließend wird die seismografische Signifikanz des Immersiven für die Gegenwart reflektiert, insofern Immersion ein neues epistemologisches Verständnis von Subjekt und Welt sowie einen neuen Zugang zu ihr anzuzeigen scheint.

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Fang, Yu, Xiao Dan Du, Ting Fei Xi, Xiao Ming Feng, Zhen Chen, and Zhi Xiong Zhang. "Quantification of BSA in Tissue Engineered Medical Products by ELISA — Problems and Solutions." Materials Science Forum 610-613 (January 2009): 1076–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.610-613.1076.

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Aim In this study, the adaptability of an ELISA kit for quantification the residual BSA in TEMPs, the influence of rinsing protocol on reducing the residual BSA in TEMPs and the effectiveness of ultra-filtration on reducing the matrix effects of TEMPs immersion on BSA quantitative by ELISA were discussed. Methods Three kinds of TEMPs used in this study were: tissue engineered skin (TES), recombination human acellular dermal matrix (rhADM) and combination chitosan tissue engineered skin (cC-TES). The devices were rinsed according to the Directions for Use firstly. To investigating the influence of rinsing protocol on reducing the residual BSA in TEMPs, TES were rinsed by two different protocols separately. Then TEMPs immersions were prepared according to ISO10993.12, physiological saline (NS) was used as immersion medium. BSA concentration in immersions and filtrate were determined by using the “Quantitative measure of residual BSA ELISA kit” (detection range was 12.5-200ng/mL, manufactured by WUXI BOSHENG MEDICAL BIO-TEC DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. As suspected to have some matrix effect on BSA quantification by ELISA kit, rhADM immersion was ultra-filtrated before detection. Results The results showed good correlation between dilution factors and the A450nm of TES and cC-TES immersions, correlation coefficient (r) was 0.9943±0.0007 and -0.9835±0.0037, respectively. No significant effect on BSA detection was found when NS was used as immersion medium. Comparing the results of protocol 1 and 2, the A450nm of TES immersion was significantly decreased after rising by protocol 2. After ultra-filtration, the correlations between absorption and dilution factors of rhADM immersion were improved significantly; the correlation coefficient (r) was raised from -0.7264±0.0089 to -0.9606±0.0039. Conclusions The quantitative ELISA kit was considered to be adaptability for detect the BSA in TEMPs. Different rinsing protocol may obviously affect on reducing the residual BSA in TEMPs. The matrix effects of rhADM immersion can be reduced obviously by using ultrafiltration.

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Pangestu, Andre, Khaira Nova, Dian Septinova, and RR Riyanti. "PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN EKSTRAK DAUN JAMBU BIJI (Psidium guajava L.) TERHADAP MORTALITAS EMBRIO, DAYA TETAS, DAN SALEABLE ITIK HIBRIDA." Jurnal Riset dan Inovasi Peternakan (Journal of Research and Innovation of Animals) 5, no. 2 (August 3, 2021): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jrip.2021.5.2.88-93.

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This study aimed to determine the effect of immersion of hybrid duck eggs using guava leaf extract at different concentrations on embryo mortality, hatchability, and saleable duck. The research was conducted in March - April 2020. Guava leaf extract was made at the Animal Production and Reproduction Laboratory, Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. The dyeing and hatching treatments were carried out in Hajimena Village, Natar District, South Lampung. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments, namely without immersing guava leaf extract (P0), immersing with guava leaf extract concentrations of 10% (P1), 20% (P2), and 30% (P3). The results showed that the percentage of embryo mortality without dyeing and immersing guava leaf extract concentrations of 10, 20, and 30% were 40.00%, 24.00%, 16.00%, and 28.00%, respectively. Hatchability of hybrid duck eggs in the treatment without immersion and immersion in guava leaf extract concentrations of 10, 20, and 30% were 60.00, 76.00, 84.00, and 72%, respectively. Saleable duck duck eggs without immersion 93.34% and immersion in guava leaf extract with concentrations of 10, 20, and 30% respectively were 100.00%. It was concluded that immersion of hybrid duck eggs using guava leaf extract at concentrations of 10.00, 20.00, and 30.00% decreased the percentage of mortality, increased hatchability, and increased the salable duck. Keywords: Hybrid duck, Guava leaves extract, Embryonic mortality, Hatchability, Saleable duck

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Bouchard, Stéphane, Julie St-Jacques, Geneviève Robillard, and Patrice Renaud. "Anxiety Increases the Feeling of Presence in Virtual Reality." Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 17, no. 4 (August 1, 2008): 376–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/pres.17.4.376.

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Given previous studies indicating a significant correlation between anxiety and presence, the purpose of this investigation was to explore the direction of the causal relationship between them. The sample consisted of 31 adults suffering from snake phobia. The study featured a randomized within-between design with two conditions and three counterbalanced immersions: (a) a baseline control immersion (BASELINE), (b) an immersion in a threatening and anxiety-inducing environment (ANX), and (c) an immersion in a nonthreatening environment that should not induce anxiety (NOANX). In the NOANX environment, participants were immersed for 5 min in a virtual Egyptian desert. They were told that the environment was safe and contained no snakes. The ANX immersion was identical, except that participants were led to believe that a multitude of hidden and dangerous snakes were lurking in the environment. A period of distraction (reading a text on relaxation) separated the ANX and NOANX immersions. Experimenters recorded presence and anxiety in the middle of and after each VR immersion. These brief measures of presence supported our hypothesis and were significantly higher in the anxious immersion than in the baseline or the nonanxious immersion. This finding was not corroborated by the presence questionnaire, where scores varied significantly in the opposite direction. The results from the brief one-item measures of presence support the significant contribution of emotions felt during the immersion on the subjective feeling of presence. The mixed results with the presence questionnaire are discussed, along with psychological factors potentially involved in presence.

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Meakin, John, and Nóra Szakács. "Inverse monoids and immersions of Δ-complexes." International Journal of Algebra and Computation 31, no. 06 (June 21, 2021): 1243–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218196721400117.

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An immersion [Formula: see text] between [Formula: see text]-complexes is a [Formula: see text]-map that induces injections from star sets of [Formula: see text] to star sets of [Formula: see text]. We study immersions between finite-dimensional connected [Formula: see text]-complexes by replacing the fundamental group of the base space by an appropriate inverse monoid. We show how conjugacy classes of the closed inverse submonoids of this inverse monoid may be used to classify connected immersions into the complex. This extends earlier results of Margolis and Meakin for immersions between graphs and of Meakin and Szakács on immersions into [Formula: see text]-dimensional [Formula: see text]-complexes.

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Markov, P. E. "On the immersion of metrics close to immersible metrics." Journal of Mathematical Sciences 72, no. 4 (December 1994): 3191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01249518.

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EKHOLM, TOBIAS. "REGULAR HOMOTOPY AND VASSILIEV INVARIANTS OF GENERIC IMMERSIONS Sk → ℝ2k-1, k ≥ 4." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 07, no. 08 (December 1998): 1041–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216598000565.

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The regular homotopy class of a generic immersion Sk → ℝ2k-1 is calculated in terms of its self intersection manifold with natural additional structures. There is a natural notion of Vassiliev invariants of generic immersions. These may take values in any Abelian group G. It is proved that, for any m, the group of mth order G-valued invariants modulo invariants of lower order is isomorphic to G and that the Vassiliev invariants are not sufficient to separate generic immersions, which can not be obtained from each other by a regular homotopy through generic immersions.

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Honda, Shun'ichi, and Masatomo Takahashi. "Evolutes and focal surfaces of framed immersions in the Euclidean space." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Section A Mathematics 150, no. 1 (January 26, 2019): 497–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/prm.2018.84.

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AbstractWe consider a smooth curve with singular points in the Euclidean space. As a smooth curve with singular points, we have introduced a framed curve or a framed immersion. A framed immersion is a smooth curve with a moving frame and the pair is an immersion. We define an evolute and a focal surface of a framed immersion in the Euclidean space. The evolutes and focal surfaces of framed immersions are generalizations of each object of regular space curves. We give relationships between singularities of the evolutes and of the focal surfaces. Moreover, we consider properties of the evolutes, focal surfaces and repeated evolutes.

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Charfi, Ahmed Anis. "Immersion and Perceived Value." International Journal of Online Marketing 4, no. 4 (October 2014): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijom.2014100102.

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Webmasters aim increasingly at encouraging visitors' immersion in the heart of an online experience. In order to better understand this phenomenon, a qualitative and a quantitative study are presented here that analyze the influence of immersive experiences on the online perceived value of the visit and on the potential responses of the visitor towards the site, the brand and the product. The author's study shows that virtual reality web sites generate episodes of immersion, which have an impact on the hedonic and utilitarian value of the visit experience. The author also shows that perceived value plays the role of mediator between the immersion and visitors' behavior and the author highlights the moderating effect of involvement and expertise on the relationship between immersion and perceived value. Finally, from theoretical and managerial points of view, our results offer perspectives on the perceived benefits of online' immersive experiences.

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Harrison, M. H., L. C. Keil, C. A. Wade, J. E. Silver, G. Geelen, and J. E. Greenleaf. "Effect of hydration on plasma volume and endocrine responses to water immersion." Journal of Applied Physiology 61, no. 4 (October 1, 1986): 1410–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1986.61.4.1410.

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To determine the effect of hydration on the early osmotic and intravascular volume and endocrine responses to water immersion the hematocrit, hemoglobin, plasma renin activity (PRA), and plasma electrolyte, aldosterone (PA), and vasopressin (PVP) concentrations were measured during immersion following 24-h dehydration; these were compared with corresponding values following rapid rehydration. Six men and one woman (age 23–46 yr) underwent 45 min of standing immersion to the neck preceded by 45-min standing without immersion, first dehydrated, and then 105 min later after rehydration with water. Immersion caused an isotonic expansion of the plasma volume (P less than 0.001), which occurred independently of hydration status. Suppression of PRA (P less than 0.001) and PA (P less than 0.001) during both immersions also occurred independently of hydration status. Suppression of plasma vasopressin was observed during dehydrated immersion (P less than 0.001) but not during rehydrated immersion. It is concluded that plasma tonicity is not a factor influencing PVP suppression during water immersion.

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Burke, W. E., and I. B. Mekjavic. "Estimation of regional cutaneous cold sensitivity by analysis of the gasping response." Journal of Applied Physiology 71, no. 5 (November 1, 1991): 1933–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.71.5.1933.

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Regional cutaneous sensitivity to cooling was assessed in males by separately immersing four discrete skin regions in cold water (15 degrees C) during head-out immersion. The response measured was gasping at the onset of immersion; the gasping response appears to be the result of a nonthermoregulatory neurogenic drive from cutaneous cold receptors. Subjects of similar body proportions wore a neoprene “dry” suit modified to allow exposure to the water of either the arms, upper torso, lower torso, or legs, while keeping the unexposed skin regions thermoneutral. Each subject was immersed to the sternal notch in all four conditions of partial exposure plus one condition of whole body exposure. The five cold water conditions were matched by control immersions in lukewarm (34 degrees C) water, and trials were randomized. The magnitude of the gasping response was determined by mouth occlusion pressure (P0.1). For each subject, P0.1 values for the 1st min of immersion were integrated, and control trial values, although minimal, were subtracted from their cold water counterpart to account for any gasping due to the experimental design. Results were averaged and showed that the highest P0.1 values were elicited from whole body exposure, followed in descending order by exposures of the upper torso, legs, lower torso, and arms. Correction of the P0.1 response for differences in exposed surface area (A) and cooling stimulus (delta T) between regions gave a cold sensitivity index [CSI, P0.1/(A.delta T)] for each region and showed that the index for the upper torso was significantly higher than that for the arms or legs; no significant difference was observed between the indexes for the upper and lower torso.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Kim, Dong Hyun and 김상욱. "Immersive interactive content design for immersion of the audience." Journal of Digital Design 15, no. 1 (January 2015): 245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17280/jdd.2015.15.1.024.

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NIKKUNI, RYO. "COMPLETELY DISTINGUISHABLE PROJECTIONS OF SPATIAL GRAPHS." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 15, no. 01 (January 2006): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216506004282.

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A generic immersion of a finite graph into the 2-space with p double points is said to be completely distinguishable if any two of the 2p embeddings of the graph into the 3-space obtained from the immersion by giving over/under information to each double point are not ambient isotopic in the 3-space. We show that only non-trivializable graphs and non-planar graphs have a non-trivial completely distinguishable immersion. We give examples of non-trivial completely distinguishable immersions of several non-trivializable graphs, the complete graph on n vertices and the complete bipartite graph on m + n vertices.

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Albrile, Ezio. "Tingere l’anima." ARYS: Antigüedad, Religiones y Sociedades, no. 13 (October 5, 2017): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/arys.2017.3846.

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Resumen: Una piccola chiesa nell’Italia del nord (a Valdurna-Durnholz, nei pressi di Bolzano) esibisce dei dipinti risalenti al XV secolo in cui si ripresentano antichi motivi gnostico-alchemici. In essi un angelo lava l’anima e le impartisce un battesimo celeste, una immagine che troviamo anche in un testo della biblioteca di Nag Hammadi, il Vangelo di Filippo, in cui la purificazione dell’anima e descritta nei termini di un lavaggio e di una immersione in una sostanza detergente; un lessico che trae origine dalle operazioni di lavaggio e di tintura dei tessuti, in particolare dalle manipolazioni di natura alchimica. Ermetismo alchemico, gnosticismo e cristianesimo condividono infatti un comune intento soteriológico che si e trasmesso all’Occidente in forme spesso difficili da decifrare.Abstract: In a little church of northern Italy (in Valdurna-Durnholz, near Bolzano) we can find paintings from the fifteenth century where we have ancient Gnostic-Alchemical themes, again. These works, show an angel washing a soul and gives it the heavenly baptism, something that we find also in a Nag Hammadi text as the Gospel of Philip. In this text, the soul’s purification is described as an act of washing and dipping in a cleansing substance; this is a lexicon coming from the washing and the dying of clothes, and particularly from the Alchemical manipulations. Alchemical Hermeticism, Gnosticism and Christianity share a common soteriological view which has been passed to the West in ways often difficult to understand.Parole chiave: Arte cristiana, Gnosticismo, Testi di Nag Hammadi, Alchimia, ErmetismoKey words: Christian Art, Gnosticism, Nag Hammadi texts, Alchemy, Hermeticism

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ZHANG, XIN-MIN. "ISOMETRIC IMMERSION OF MINIMAL SPHERICAL SUBMANIFOLD VIA THE SECOND STANDARD IMMERSION OF THE SPHERE." Tamkang Journal of Mathematics 23, no. 2 (June 1, 1992): 145–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5556/j.tkjm.23.1992.4537.

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Let $M^n$ be a $n$-dimensional compact connected minimal submanifold of the unit sphere $S^{n+p}(1)$. In this paper we study the isometric immersion of $M^n$ into $SM(n +p + 1)$ via the second standard immersion of $S^{n+p}(1)$. We obtain some integral inequalities m terms of the spectrum of the Laplace operator of $M^n$ and find some restrictions on such immersions.

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Thompson, Meredith, Cigdem Uz-Bilgin, M. Shane Tutwiler, Melat Anteneh, Josephine Camille Meija, Annie Wang, Philip Tan, et al. "Immersion positively affects learning in virtual reality games compared to equally interactive 2d games." Information and Learning Sciences 122, no. 7/8 (July 19, 2021): 442–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ils-12-2020-0252.

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Purpose This study isolates the effect of immersion on players’ learning in a virtual reality (VR)-based game about cellular biology by comparing two versions of the game with the same level of interactivityand different levels of immersion. The authors identify immersion and additional interactivity as two key affordances of VR as a learning tool. A number of research studies compare VR with two-dimensional or minimally interactive media; this study focuses on the effect of immersion as a result of the head mounted display (HMD). Design/methodology/approach In the game, players diagnose a cell by exploring a virtual cell and search for clues that indicate one of five possible types of cystic fibrosis. Fifty-one adults completed all aspects of the study. Players took pre and post assessments and drew pictures of cells and translation before and after the game. Players were randomly assigned to play the game with the HMD (stereoscopic view) or without the headset (non-stereoscopic view). Players were interviewed about their drawings and experiences at the end of the session. Findings Players in both groups improved in their knowledge of the cell environment and the process of translation. Players who experienced the immersive stereoscopic view had a more positive learning effect in the content assessment, and stronger improvement in their mental models of the process of translation between pre- and post-drawings compared to players who played the two-dimensional game. Originality/value This study suggests that immersion alone has a positive effect on conceptual understanding, especially in helping learners understand spatial environments and processes. These findings set the stage for a new wave of research on learning in immersive environments; research that moves beyond determining whether immersive media correlate with more learning, toward a focus on the types of learning outcomes that are best supported by immersive media.

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MONTE, EDMUNDO M. "WHAT IS THE TOPOLOGY OF A SCHWARZSCHILD BLACK HOLE?" International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 18 (January 2012): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s201019451200832x.

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We investigate the topology of Schwarzschild's black holes through the immersion of this space-time in space of higher dimension. Through the immersions of Kasner and Fronsdal we calculate the extension of the Schwarzschilds black hole.

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Biggin, Rose. "Labours of Seduction in Immersive and Interactive Performance." New Theatre Quarterly 36, no. 1 (February 2020): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x20000111.

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Much theatrical work that calls itself ‘immersive’ uses tropes of the erotic to achieve its intended effects. In this article Rose Biggin identifies structural and performative strategies in the use of the erotic in this genre. What does it mean to identify the process of performed seduction as central to much immersive dramaturgy? Through readings of contemporary productions that draw upon (or appropriate) pre-existing erotically charged environments, the inevitable responsibilities for makers working in this context of immersion are considered, as is the importance of considering the consequences for those working in immersive spaces. Stress is laid on the crucial role that this form of performative labour often plays in immersive performance, and a continued recognition of its influence is emphasized. Rose Biggin is an independent scholar and theatre artist based in London. She received her PhD from the University of Exeter, researching audience immersion and the work of Punchdrunk, and both writes and makes work on gender, history, and language. She is author of Immersive Theatre and Audience Experience (2017).

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TANG, ZIZHOU. "SOME EXISTENCE AND NONEXISTENCE RESULTS OF ISOMETRIC IMMERSIONS OF RIEMANNIAN MANIFOLDS." Communications in Contemporary Mathematics 06, no. 06 (December 2004): 867–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219199704001562.

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This paper investigates existence and non-existence of immersions of Riemannian manifolds. It discovers the lowest dimension of the Euclidean space into which the projective plane FP2 is isometrically immersed, by the computation of the normal Euler class. For strictly hyperbolic immersion, a new obstruction involving signature or Kervaire semi-characteristic is found. As for the existence, it constructs a strictly hyperbolic immersion from the Klein bottle to the unit sphere S3(1), solving a question posed by Gromov.

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Takehisa, Shoki, and Takashi Iizuka. "Galvanic Corrosion Related to Steel/Aluminum Dissimilar Joining Tailored Blank." Key Engineering Materials 611-612 (May 2014): 1460–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.611-612.1460.

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In order to use a steel/aluminum tailored blank in actual practice, galvanic corrosion due to the contact of dissimilar metals should be examined. However, few studies have reported the influence of galvanic corrosion on a steel/aluminum laser butt-welded joint. In this study, the effect of galvanic corrosion on the strength of SPCC/A1100-O laser butt-welded joints was investigated by immersion tests in air, distilled water, and salt water. The appearance was observed and tensile tests were conducted. In addition, the joint interface and the surface near the joint interface were observed and analyzed by FE-SEM and EDS. During the immersions in distilled water and in salt water, specimens were covered with an oxide film and the joint strength decreased. In the salt water immersions, the strength of the SPCC base materials decreased. And a large reduction of the cross-sectional area of the A1100-O side of the joints was seen in the salt water immersions. From the results of the observations and analyses by FE-SEM and EDS, a layer of brittle intermetallic compounds formed in the joint interface during the immersion test, and corrosion progressed as the oxide film sloughed off.

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Nomizu, Katsumi, and Takeshi Sasaki. "Centroaffine immersions of codimension two and projective hypersurface theory." Nagoya Mathematical Journal 132 (December 1993): 63–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0027763000004645.

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Affine differential geometry developed by Blaschke and his school [B] has been reorganized in the last several years as geometry of affine immersions. An immersion f of an n-dimensional manifold M with an affine connection ∇ into an (n + 1)-dimensional manifold Ḿwith an affine connection ∇ is called an affine immersion if there is a transversal vector field ξ such that ∇xf*(Y) = f*(∇xY) + h(X,Y)ξ holds for any vector fields X, Y on Mn. When f: Mn→ Rn+1 is a nondegenerate hypersurface, there is a uniquely determined transversal vector field ξ, called the affine normal field, an essential starting point in classical affine differential geometry. The new point of view allows us to relax the non-degeneracy condition and gives us more freedom in choosing ξ; what this new viewpoint can accomplish in relating affine differential geometry to Riemannian geometry and projective differential geometry can be seen from [NP1], [NP2], [NS] and others. For the definitions and basic formulas on affine immersions, centroaffine immersions, conormal (or dual) maps, projective flatness, etc., the reader is referred to [NP1]. These notions will be generalized to codimension 2 in this paper.

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Nechvatal, Joseph. "Towards an Immersive Intelligence." Leonardo 34, no. 5 (October 2001): 417–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002409401753521539.

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This essay is an investigation into the immersive cultural consciousness that emerges from an immersive “optic” central to virtual reality. There seems to be a correlation between immersive ideals and desires for extrasensory, distributed disembodiment, meaning a loss of cognitive body-image involving the expansion of boundaries. Immersive art fulfills the prosthetic task of artificially facilitating such an unrestricted state. The desire to exist in an anti-mechanistic state of expansion is temporarily and symbolically realized in engaging immersive art. In virtual immersion, conventional optic models may be surpassed.

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Engel, Juri, and Jürgen Döllner. "Immersive Visualization of Virtual 3D City Models and its Applications in E-Planning." International Journal of E-Planning Research 1, no. 4 (October 2012): 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijepr.2012100102.

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Immersive visualization offers an intuitive access to and an effective way of realizing, exploring, and analyzing virtual 3D city models, which are essential tools for effective communication and management of complex urban spatial information in e-planning. In particular, immersive visualization allows for simulating planning scenarios and to receive a close-to-reality impression by both non-expert and expert stakeholders. This contribution is concerned with the main requirements and technical concepts of a system for visualizing virtual 3D city models in large-scale, fully immersive environments. It allows stakeholders ranging from citizens to decision-makers to explore and examine the virtual 3D city model and embedded planning models “in situ.” Fully immersive environments involve a number of specific requirements for both hardware and 3D rendering including enhanced 3D rendering techniques, an immersion-aware, autonomous, and assistive 3D camera system, and a synthetic, immersion-supporting soundscape. Based on these requirements, the authors have implemented a prototypical visualization system that the authors present in this article. The characteristics of fully immersive visualization enable a number of new applications within e-planning workflows and processes, in particular, with respect to public participation, decision support, and location marketing.

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Burns, John M., and Michael J. Clancy. "SMYTH SURFACES AND THE DREHRISS." Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 48, no. 3 (September 15, 2005): 549–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0013091504000598.

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AbstractIsometric deformations of immersed surfaces in Euclidean 3-space are studied by means of the drehriss. When the immersion is of constant mean curvature and the deformation preserves the mean curvature, we determine the drehriss explicitly in terms of the immersion and its Gauss map. These methods are applied to obtain an alternative classification of the Smyth surfaces, i.e. constant mean curvature immersions of the plane into Euclidean 3-space which admit the action of $S^1$ as a non-trivial group of internal isometries.

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Maeda, Sadahiro. "Isotropic Immersions." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 38, no. 2 (April 1, 1986): 416–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-1986-021-7.

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Recently, Ferus ([5], [6]) classified connected Riemannian manifolds with parallel second fundamental form in a real space form of constant curvature . In this paper we may restrict our attention to isotropic submanifolds with parallel second fundamental form in the Euclidean sphere Sm(k) of constant curvature k. Due to Ferus, we find that an isotropic submanifold with parallel second fundamental form in Sm is locally congruent to one of compact symmetric spaces of rank one and the immersion is locally equivalent to the second or the first standard immersion according as M is a sphere or not. In Section 2, we characterize the first standard immersion of a complex projective space into a sphere in terms of isotropic immersions.

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CHEN, B. Y., F. DILLEN, L. VERSTRAELEN, and L. VRANCKEN. "Lagrangian isometric immersions of a real-space-form Mn(c) into a complex-space-form M˜n(4c)." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 124, no. 1 (July 1998): 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030500419700217x.

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It is well known that totally geodesic Lagrangian submanifolds of a complex-space-form M˜n(4c) of constant holomorphic sectional curvature 4c are real-space-forms of constant sectional curvature c. In this paper we investigate and determine non-totally geodesic Lagrangian isometric immersions of real-space-forms of constant sectional curvature c into a complex-space-form M˜n(4c). In order to do so, associated with each twisted product decomposition of a real-space-form of the form f1I1×… ×fkIk×1Nn−k(c), we introduce a canonical 1-form, called the twistor form of the twisted product decomposition. Roughly speaking, our main result says that if the twistor form of such a twisted product decomposition of a simply-connected real-space-form of constant sectional curvature c is twisted closed, then it admits a ‘unique’ adapted Lagrangian isometric immersion into a complex-space-form M˜n(4c). Conversely, if L: Mn(c)→ M˜n(4c) is a non-totally geodesic Lagrangian isometric immersion of a real-space-form Mn(c) of constant sectional curvature c into a complex-space-form M˜n(4c), then Mn(c) admits an appropriate twisted product decomposition with twisted closed twistor form and, moreover, the Lagrangian immersion L is given by the corresponding adapted Lagrangian isometric immersion of the twisted product. In this paper we also provide explicit constructions of adapted Lagrangian isometric immersions of some natural twisted product decompositions of real-space-forms.

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Yin, Dawei, Shaojie Chen, Bing Chen, Rui Liu, and Faxin Li. "Experimental Study on Immersion Effects of Pressure Water on the Tensile Characteristics of Sandstone Samples." Geofluids 2021 (February 1, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6694881.

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In this study, Brazilian splitting tests were conducted on sandstone samples subjected to drying and immersing at water pressures of 0, 1, and 3 MPa (immersion duration of 120 h). Investigation of the immersion effects of pressure water on the tensile characteristics of the samples revealed that their tensile strengths decreased with the immersion water pressure. Relative to a sandstone sample subjected to drying alone, immersing at water pressures of 0, 1, and 3 MPa reduced the tensile strength by 12.96%, 19.03%, and 30.16%, respectively. Although the immersed samples experienced splitting failure indicative of obvious brittle failure characteristics, decreases in the postpeak stress reduction rate with immersion water pressure revealed that the intensity of brittle failure weakened with pressure. Based on the obtained data, the deformation evolution process of the sandstone samples could be divided into five stages: deformation adjustment, formation of local deformation zones, local deformation zone propagation, failure surface formation, and sample failure. The water pressure aggravated the physicochemical reactions between water and the hydrophilic minerals in the sandstone, promoting argillisation, dissolution, and loss of hydrophilic minerals and interparticle cementitious materials. As a result of these immersion micromechanisms, the deterioration of the sandstone samples increased with the immersion water pressure, with the average porosities of the fracture surfaces at 0, 1, and 3 MPa increasing by 142.86%, 368.37%, and 593.88%, respectively, relative to the dried sample. As a result of these morphological changes, the sandstone samples subjected to water pressure immersion failed at small axial stresses with low levels of applied mechanical energy.

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Zhang, Yongfei, Jianshu Chen, Dan Miao, and Chen Zhang. "Design and Analysis of an Interactive MOOC Teaching System Based on Virtual Reality." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 13, no. 07 (June 28, 2018): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v13i07.8790.

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In order to solve the problem of lack of immersion in the MOOC curriculum, through research on key technologies, a MOOC teaching interactive system based on virtual reality was constructed to improve it. Through the decompo-sition of complex objects or the addition of blank sub-objects, the system built corresponding collision detectors to achieve more realistic collision de-tection effects. The immersive and interactive nature of the virtual user in the virtual scene was enhanced. The results showed that the system used the immersive, interactive and constructive sense of virtual reality to build peo-ple's interest in learning. Therefore, the MOOC teaching interactive system based on virtual reality has a good sense of immersion, interaction and con-ceivability.

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Lv, Xiao Ren, Shi Jie Wang, and Heng Han. "The Effect of Sulfuration on Wear Behavior of NBR under Water Lubricating Sliding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 148-149 (December 2011): 1062–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.148-149.1062.

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Surface modification treatment on rubber used in lubricating environment can reduce the friction coefficient, friction temperature and wear loss, thereby increase the service life of rubber products. The effect of Sulfuration treatment on wear behavior of NBR was investigated using a reciprocating tester under water lubricating sliding. The hardness and morphology of samples were measured using Shore sclerometer and stereo microscope, respectively. The results showed that immersion loss of rubber in different sulfuration solution increased with immersion time. The immersion loss of rubber immersed in 60% and 70% sulfuration solution remarkably increased after immersing for 4 and 3 days, respectively. The Shore hardness of rubber immersed in sulfuration solution was higher than that untreated sample. The Shore hardness of rubber increased with the increasement of sulfuration concentration and immersing time. Better resistance of NBR in water lubricating sliding could be obtained when NBR is immersed in lower sulfuration solution for longer time or in high sulfuration solution for shorter time.

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Zhang, Qiang, Wen Jing Qin, Huan Qi Cao, Li Ying Yang, and Shou Gen Yin. "Efficiency Enhancement of Organic Solar Cells with Process-Optimized Silver Nanoprisms." Applied Mechanics and Materials 598 (July 2014): 327–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.598.327.

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We fabricated silver nanoprisms (AgNPs) on ITO by immersing ITO substrates in AgNPs solution for a series of immersion times. The amount of adsorbed AgNPs increased with immersion time. The AgNPs showed plasmonic absorption in the range of 400 – 600 nm and were used in organic solar cells (OSCs). The device performance was the best when the immersion time was 30 min, corresponding to AgNPs coverage of 68%. Under this condition, the device showed short-circuit current density (JSC) of 10.10 mA cm-2(18% improved), and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 3.88% (23% improved).

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González-Dávila, J. C., M. C. González-Dávila, and L. Vanhecke. "Transversally symmetric immersions." Mathematica Bohemica 122, no. 3 (1997): 273–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21136/mb.1997.126147.

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ZHANG, X. P., and G. CHEN. "CORROSION PROTECTION OF AZ91D Mg ALLOY COATING WITH MICRO-ARC OXIDATION FILM EVALUATED BY IMMERSION AND ELECTROCHEMICAL TESTS." Surface Review and Letters 12, no. 02 (April 2005): 279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x05007013.

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This paper describes the preliminary results of corrosion protection of AZ91D Mg alloy coated with a micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coating. The corrosion behavior of coated substrates was evaluated by means of immersion and electrochemical tests in 5 wt.% NaCl solution. The immersions tests include weight loss measurement after full or partial immersion with the whole coat and full immersion with the damaged coat. The electrochemical tests include polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The results of immersion and electrochemical tests show that micro-arc oxidation (MAO) surface treatment can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of the AZ91D Mg alloy in 5% NaCl solution, and the corrosion protection effect of the MAO coating is not sensitive to pores or cracks in the coating. The charge transfer resistance R ct , increases from about 1.669Ωcm2 for the uncoated alloy to about 1113Ωcm2 after being coated with MAO coat.

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Meakin, John, and Nóra Szakács. "Inverse monoids and immersions of 2-Complexes." International Journal of Algebra and Computation 25, no. 01n02 (February 2015): 301–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218196715400123.

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It is well known that under mild conditions on a connected topological space 𝒳, connected covers of 𝒳 may be classified via conjugacy classes of subgroups of the fundamental group of 𝒳. In this paper, we extend these results to the study of immersions into two-dimensional CW-complexes. An immersion f : 𝒟 → 𝒞 between CW-complexes is a cellular map such that each point y ∈ 𝒟 has a neighborhood U that is mapped homeomorphically onto f(U) by f. In order to classify immersions into a two-dimensional CW-complex 𝒞, we need to replace the fundamental group of 𝒞 by an appropriate inverse monoid. We show how conjugacy classes of the closed inverse submonoids of this inverse monoid may be used to classify connected immersions into the complex.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Immersione'

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