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Journal articles on the topic 'Immigrantes – Psychologie'
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1
Legault, Gisèle, and Elda Rojas-Benavente. "Femmes immigrantes et travail social : une recension des écrits." Service social 37, no. 1-2 (April 12, 2005): 176–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/706391ar.
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La clientèle des femmes immigrantes est relativement peu connue en service social. Cet article, amorce d'une recherche sur la pratique sociale auprès de ces femmes, constitue une recension d'une soixantaine d'écrits sur le sujet, en service social, psychologie, psychiatrie, sociologie, anthropologie, et parus au cours des dix dernières années. Il couvre les volets suivants : concepts théoriques de féminité et d'ethnicité et leur mise en relation ; travail salarié des femmes immigrantes : principales caractéristiques et mesures pouvant améliorer leur situation ; immigration et rôles sociaux, avec emphase sur le partage des tâches, les rapports de pouvoir dans la famille et la place du réseau de parenté ; santé des femmes immigrantes : leurs préoccupations, leurs expériences avec le système de soins, leurs attitudes vis-à-vis certains malaises, l'impact du choc culturel sur leur santé; le counseling interculturel : son développement et sa définition à partir des écrits en service social principalement.
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Guillot, Marie-Cécile, and Nicole Carignan. "Pour la réussite des jumelages interculturels : leadership pédagogique et institutionnel." Alterstice 8, no. 1 (October 16, 2018): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1052605ar.
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Bien que l’intégration des immigrants soit une priorité au Québec, de nombreux immigrants ont malheureusement peu de contact avec la communauté francophone majoritaire. Ce manque de réseaux francophones constitue un frein important à leur apprentissage et à leur usage de la langue française. Devant cette situation, l’Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM) a décidé de mettre en place les jumelages interculturels, qui sont des activités d’échange et d’apprentissage réunissant des personnes immigrantes apprenant le français (dans des cours de communication orale et écrite, de phonétique et de grammaire) et des francophones étudiant en éducation, en psychologie, en travail social et en communication. Il s’agit d’une occasion pour les immigrants non francophones de pratiquer la langue et, pour les membres de la société d’accueil, d’être en contact avec des immigrants afin de faciliter leur intégration. Cet article présente le contexte du Québec, les objectifs, les caractéristiques, l’historique et la pertinence des jumelages interculturels, les caractéristiques des participants au jumelage, les assises conceptuelles et théoriques permettant de comprendre les relations intergroupes pour une société qui se veut inclusive, le soutien institutionnel et la mobilisation des gestionnaires pour le leadership partagé, l’engagement des enseignants, les types de jumelage et les retombées. Ces jumelages interculturels ont contribué à faire fondre le mur d’incompréhension, à débusquer les préjugés, à reconnaître la diversité ethnoculturelle, à promouvoir l’enrichissement culturel réciproque autant des immigrants qui apprennent le français que des francophones. Les jumelages favorisent la cohésion sociale et le vivre-ensemble.
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Fasel, Nicole, Eva G. T. Green, and Oriane Sarrasin. "Facing Cultural Diversity." European Psychologist 18, no. 4 (January 1, 2013): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000157.
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Negative attitudes toward immigrants are widespread in Western societies, and research has repeatedly attempted to explain such attitudes with the presence of cultural diversity arising from a high number of immigrants. Highlighting how political psychology integrates individual and contextual levels of explanation, the present paper aims to overview research that reaches beyond this narrow focus of diversity (i.e., immigrant proportion) to understand anti-immigrant attitudes in culturally diverse societies. First, we present research that reconciles two opposing intergroup mechanisms – contact and threat – both triggered by a high proportion of immigrants. Second, emphasis is placed on ideological climates, a novel contextual antecedent of anti-immigrant attitudes understood as collectively shared norms and values permeating all spheres of social life. Ideological climates influence anti-immigrant attitudes beyond individual characteristics and further shape individuals’ responses to cultural diversity. Third, the paper extends existing research on a Person × Context interaction approach to anti-immigrant attitudes and suggests how cultural diversity and ideological climates differentially impact the link between individual-level ideologies and anti-immigrant attitudes. The growing field of multilevel research on anti-immigrant attitudes is overviewed and empirical illustrations of our recent research in Switzerland are provided. We conclude by discussing the benefits and further challenges of integrating individual and contextual antecedents in political psychology and beyond.
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Cobb, Cory L., Nyla R. Branscombe, Alan Meca, Seth J. Schwartz, Dong Xie, Maria Cecilia Zea, Ludwin E. Molina, and Charles R. Martinez. "Toward a Positive Psychology of Immigrants." Perspectives on Psychological Science 14, no. 4 (April 18, 2019): 619–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691619825848.
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The vast majority of immigration-focused research in psychology is rooted in deficit models that center on negative health outcomes (e.g., depression, acculturative stress, anxiety, substance use), resulting in a widely held assumption that immigrants are at greater risk for pathology and poor well-being compared with native-born individuals. Moreover, current political discourse often portrays immigrants as more prone to crime compared with native-born individuals. From a positive-psychology perspective, we argue that, despite numerous migration-related challenges, many immigrant populations report positive patterns of psychological health. We also provide evidence that immigrants are, in fact, less prone to crime than their native-born counterparts. We conclude by discussing several contributing factors that account for positive immigrant well-being across the range of destination countries. Ultimately, the field should address questions regarding (a) immigrants’ strategies for coping with the challenges involved in adapting to new homelands and (b) asset-based factors that help immigrants to thrive during difficult life challenges.
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Yakushko, Oksana, and Melissa L. Morgan Consoli. "Politics and Research of Immigration: Implications for Counseling and Psychological Scholarship and Action." Journal for Social Action in Counseling & Psychology 6, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 98–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/jsacp.6.1.98-121.
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Research about and with recent immigrants has expanded within psychology, counseling, and related fields. Such research has a potential to contribute significantly toward social action through affecting cultural understanding and public policies. However, counseling and psychology professionals and researchers often lack understanding of historical and current trends affecting this research. Thus, in this article we discuss the broader contextual influences on the scholarly focus on immigration within the psychological literature, reviewing the issues and debates, both historical and current, that dominate scholarly discussions regarding constructs related to immigration. Specifically, we focus on reviewing divergent perspectives on acculturation, transnationalism and immigrant identity, immigrant mental health issues, measurement strategies, and attitudes toward immigrants. Lastly, the article highlights the intersection of politics and research in immigration scholarship within counseling and psychology. Specific suggestions for social action resulting from this knowledge are presented.
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Svensson, Ylva, William J. Burk, Håkan Stattin, and Margaret Kerr. "Peer selection and influence of delinquent behavior of immigrant and nonimmigrant youths: Does context matter?" International Journal of Behavioral Development 36, no. 3 (March 2, 2012): 178–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025411434652.
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This study examines selection and influence related to delinquent behaviors of immigrant and nonimmigrant adolescents attending three majority-immigrant schools (54% to 65.2% immigrant) and four minority-immigrant schools (11.1% to 25.1% immigrant) in one community. The sample included 1,169 youths (50.4% male; 24.2% immigrant) initially between the ages of 12 and 16 years ( M =13.92, SD = 0.85). Results showed that immigrant and nonimmigrant adolescents were similar to their peers on delinquent behaviors, and peer selection and social influence operated in a complementary manner to explain this similarity. The processes did not differ between immigrants and nonimmigrants or between school contexts, suggesting that immigrants do not differ from nonimmigrants on either the prevalence or the processes behind delinquency.
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Ommundsen, Reidar, Knud S. Larsen, Kees van der Veer, and Dag-Erik Eilertsen. "Framing Unauthorized Immigrants: The Effects of Labels on Evaluations." Psychological Reports 114, no. 2 (April 2014): 461–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/17.pr0.114k20w0.
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In the U.S. media, unauthorized immigrants are often interchangeably referred to as “illegal aliens,” “illegal immigrants,” and undocumented immigrants.” In spite of formal equivalence, these terms carry different connotations, but the effects of these labels on people's attitudes toward immigrants are not well documented. In this replication study, 274 undergraduate students in psychology responded to one of three randomly distributed versions of a 20-item scale measuring attitudes toward unauthorized immigration. The items in the three scale versions varyingly referred to immigrants using the three terms. Results showed differences in attitudes toward unauthorized immigration between all experimental conditions. The label “illegal immigrants” yielded significantly less positive attitudes compared to the label “undocumented immigrants,” and respondents exposed to the label “illegal aliens” showed the most positive attitudes. Furthermore, the effects of the experimental conditions were not moderated by the respondents' patriotism, sex, or own immigrant background.
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Rania, Nadia, Stefania Rebora, Laura Migliorini, and Maria Soledad Navas. "Acculturation Process and Life Domains: Different Perceptions of Native and Immigrant Adults in Italy." Open Psychology Journal 12, no. 1 (February 28, 2019): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874350101912010055.
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Background: Acculturation process has taken up a relevant place in cross-cultural psychology by demonstrating the strong relationships between cultural context and individual behavioral development. Aim: The purpose of this study is to analyse acculturation strategies and attitudes in different life domains of native and immigrant adults living in Italy, following the Relative Acculturation Extended Model (RAEM). Methods: The participants were 250 Italian native and 100 immigrant adults who completed a questionnaire with items to measure their acculturation strategies (real plane) and attitudes (ideal plane), in general and related to different life domains (peripheral and central). Results: Results revealed that the acculturation attitude of immigrants is integration, whereas Italians prefer their assimilation. Conclusion: However, when different life domains are taken into account, immigrants claim to put in practice and prefer integration in most of the domains, whereas Italians perceive immigrants are separated but they prefer their assimilation or integration, depending on the specific domain.
9
Takeuchi, David T. "Vintage Wine in New Bottles." Journal of Health and Social Behavior 57, no. 4 (November 2, 2016): 423–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022146516672050.
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The metaphor vintage wine in new bottles imagines how ideas from immigration studies, social psychology, and cultural sociology add novel insights about how the social context and social relationships of immigrant lives are linked to well-being. This article describes a few patterns in research studies that have addressed whether immigrants have higher or lower rates of mental health problems than their U.S.-born counterparts. It discusses a few past approaches to explain the differences in mental health outcomes. The article concludes with select concepts and tools from other sociological fields that may invigorate research on immigrants and their health and mental health.
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Turjanmaa, Elina, Anne Alitolppa-Niitamo, and Inga Jasinskaja-Lahti. "1.5-generation immigrant adolescents’ autonomy negotiations in transnational family contexts." Migration Letters 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/ml.v14i1.317.
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This study explored how 1.5-generation immigrant adolescents negotiate their autonomy with their parents in a new cultural context. The studied adolescents are immigrants with African, Middle Eastern, Southern Asian, and EU/FSU background in Finland. The study is built on the ecological framework, which looks at development within the context of social systems. The study combines perspectives of cross-cultural psychology, acculturation research, and developmental psychology to explore autonomy in a transnational developmental context. The data consists of 80 semi-structured interviews with immigrant adolescents aged 13 to 18. Our results suggest that adolescents’ autonomy is negotiated within local family circumstances, while the transnational context becomes particularly crucial in the negotiation categories of peer relations and cultural continuity. Cultural differences in using different negotiation categories are discussed.
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Menezes, N. M., K. Georgiades, and M. H. Boyle. "The influence of immigrant status and concentration on psychiatric disorder in Canada: a multi-level analysis." Psychological Medicine 41, no. 10 (February 25, 2011): 2221–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291711000213.
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BackgroundMany studies have reported an increased incidence of psychiatric disorder (particularly psychotic disorders) among first generation adult immigrants, along with an increasing risk for ethnic minorities living in low-minority concentration neighborhoods. These studies have depended mostly on European case-based databases. In contrast, North American studies have suggested a lower risk for psychiatric disorder in immigrants, although the effect of neighborhood immigrant concentration has not been studied extensively.MethodUsing multi-level modeling to disaggregate individual from area-level influences, this study examines the influence of first generation immigrant status at the individual level, immigrant concentration at the neighborhood-level and their combined effect on 12-month prevalence of mood, anxiety and substance-dependence disorders and lifetime prevalence of psychotic disorder, among Canadians.ResultsIndividual-level data came from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) 1.2, a cross-sectional study of psychiatric disorder among Canadians over the age of 15 years; the sample for analysis wasn=35 708. The CCHS data were linked with neighborhood-level data from the Canadian Census 2001 for multi-level logistic regression. Immigrant status was associated with a lower prevalence of psychiatric disorder, with an added protective effect for immigrants living in neighborhoods with higher immigrant concentrations. Immigrant concentration was not associated with elevated prevalence of psychiatric disorder among non-immigrants.ConclusionsThe finding of lower 12-month prevalence of psychiatric disorder in Canadian immigrants, with further lessening as the neighborhood immigrant concentration increases, reflects a model of person–environment fit, highlighting the importance of studying individual risk factors within environmental contexts.
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Ferrada-Noli, Marcello, and Marie Åsberg. "Psychiatric Health, Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Factors among Suicides in Stockholm." Psychological Reports 81, no. 1 (August 1997): 323–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.81.1.323.
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The suicide statistics for two high-income areas and two low-income areas of Stockholm county, with, respectively, low and high proportions of immigrant residents, were compared on health and socioeconomic factors to ascertain whether differences in such indicators might explain the overrepresentation of immigrants previously found by us in cases of definite and undetermined suicide. The findings can be summarised as follows (1) The suicide rate was higher in the low-income areas, irrespective of ethnicity, and highest in the immigrant population of the low-income areas which accounted for 82% of all immigrants in the areas studied. (2) The suicide rate was inversely correlated with the respective figures for mean municipality-income indices. (3) Over the 4-yr. study period, the annual suicide rate increased among immigrants and decreased among native Swedes. (4) Of all categories investigated, immigrants from the low-income areas were characterised by the highest suicide rate (39 per 100,000) and the lowest mean annual income among the suicide victims (77.7), and native Swedes from the high-income areas by the lowest suicide rate (16.2) and the highest mean income (254.1). (5) The low-income areas manifested also lower mean duration of hospitalisation in primary care and psychiatric facilities, although the frequency of psychiatric consultations was higher in low- than in high-income areas. Imerrelations among low income, immigrant status, and poor benefit of psychiatric care suggest that proneness to suicidal behaviour among immigrants may have a social psychiatric explanation.
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Read, Jen’nan Ghazal, and Megan M. Reynolds. "Gender Differences in Immigrant Health." Journal of Health and Social Behavior 53, no. 1 (February 16, 2012): 99–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022146511431267.
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This article draws on theories of gender inequality and immigrant health to hypothesize differences among the largest immigrant population, Mexicans, and a lesser known population of Middle Easterners. Using data from the 2000-2007 National Health Interview Surveys, we compare health outcomes among immigrants to those among U.S.-born whites and assess gender differences within each group. We find an immigrant story and a gender story. Mexican and Middle Eastern immigrants are healthier than U.S.-born whites, and men report better health than women regardless of nativity or ethnicity. We identify utilization of health care as a primary mechanism that contributes to both patterns. Immigrants are less likely than U.S.-born whites to interact with the health care system, and women are more likely to do so than men. Thus, immigrant and gender health disparities may partly reflect knowledge of health status rather than actual health.
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Phelps, Joshua M., Reidar Ommundsen, Salman Türken, and Pål Ulleberg. "Intergroup Perception and Proactive Majority Integration Attitudes." Social Psychology 44, no. 3 (June 1, 2013): 196–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000104.
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Few social psychological investigations have focused on the potential active role of the majority in integration. The present study examines the relationship between intergroup perception and majority attitudes toward the proactive integration of immigrant minorities in Norway. It assesses how and whether perceived entitativity of immigrants, endorsement of counterstereotypic portrayals of immigrants and metaperspectives along the appraisal dimensions of warmth/competence predict the integration attitudes of majority members in Norway as measured by the Majority Integration Efforts (MIE) scale. Correlational and multiple regression analysis yielded two strong (perceptions of positive immigrant integration intentions and perceived entitativity) and two moderate (perceptions of high immigrant competence in Norwegian society and metawarmth) predictors of these attitudes. Further analysis indicated that the main effect of perceived immigrant entitativity on MIE attitudes was partially mediated by perceptions of counterstereotypic intentions and competence. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed. We conclude by highlighting how the perception of immigrants’ positive integration intentions and their heterogeneity as a group may best promote majority support for proactive integration efforts.
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Vaughn, Michael G., Christopher P. Salas-Wright, Jin Huang, Zhengmin Qian, Lauren D. Terzis, and Jesse J. Helton. "Adverse Childhood Experiences Among Immigrants to the United States." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 32, no. 10 (June 24, 2015): 1543–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260515589568.
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A growing number of studies have examined the “immigrant paradox” with respect to health behaviors in the United States. However, little research attention has been afforded to the study of adverse childhood experiences (ACE; neglect, physical and sexual abuse, and witnessing violence) among immigrants in the United States. The present study, using Waves I and II data from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC), aims to address these gaps by comparing forms of ACE of first- and second-generation immigrants with native-born American adults in the United States. We also examined the latent structure of ACE among immigrants and conducted analyses to assess the psychiatric correlates of identified latent classes. With the exception of neglect, the prevalence of ACE was markedly higher among native-born Americans and second-generation immigrants compared with first-generation immigrants. Four latent classes were identified—limited adverse experience ( n = 3,497), emotional and physical abuse ( n = 1,262), family violence ( n = 358), and global adversity ( n = 246). The latter three classes evinced greater likelihood of being diagnosed with a mood, anxiety, personality, and substance use disorder, and to report violent and non-violent antisocial behavior. Consistent with prior research examining the associations between the immigrant paradox and health outcomes, results suggest that first-generation immigrants to the United States are less likely to have experienced physical and sexual abuse and witness domestic violence. However, likely due to cultural circumstances, first-generation immigrants were more likely to report experiences that are deemed neglectful by Western standards.
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Pocreau, Jean-Bernard, and Lucienne Martins-Borges. "La cothérapie en psychologie clinique interculturelle." Dossier : Mosaïques 38, no. 1 (October 30, 2013): 227–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1019194ar.
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De nombreux praticiens en psychothérapie systémique ont reconnu la pertinence de la cothérapie, modèle d’intervention qui implique au moins deux professionnels. La psychologie interculturelle et l’ethnopsychiatrie se sont inspirées de ses principes en l’adaptant au contexte interculturel. L’objectif est de présenter le fonctionnement de la cothérapie en psychologie interculturelle telle que développée au Service d’aide psychologique spécialisée aux immigrants et réfugiés (SAPSIR). Ce dispositif facilite le travail psychique autour des deuils et de l’identité, problématiques importantes chez le migrant. Toutefois, la pratique ethnopsychiatrique ne peut être réduite à l’application de techniques ou à l’ajustement de certaines modalités qui tiendraient simplement compte de la culture ; elle suppose une façon particulière d’être en relation avec l’Autre, avec soi-même et avec ses « savoirs ».
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Alivernini, Fabio, Sara Manganelli, Elisa Cavicchiolo, and Fabio Lucidi. "Measuring Bullying and Victimization Among Immigrant and Native Primary School Students: Evidence From Italy." Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment 37, no. 2 (September 26, 2017): 226–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734282917732890.
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Italy is a particularly interesting context in which to study the phenomenon of bullying given the steadily increasing number of immigrant students attending Italian primary schools. We examined the psychometric properties of a short self-report measure of bullying and victimization across groups of students with various migration backgrounds. We then estimated, by latent mean comparisons, the rates of prevalence of bullying and victimization among different generations of immigrants and native students. Results concerning the factor structure of the measure were consistent with studies in other cultural contexts and complete scalar measurement invariance was found across immigrant backgrounds. The analyses showed that both first- and second-generation immigrant pupils reported being victimized more frequently than their native peers. However, the incidence of victimization for second generations was lower than that for first generations. Finally, no differences across different generations of immigrants and native students were found in reported bullying behaviors.
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Dimitrova, Radosveta, Athanasios Chasiotis, and Fons van de Vijver. "Adjustment Outcomes of Immigrant Children and Youth in Europe." European Psychologist 21, no. 2 (April 2016): 150–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000246.
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Abstract. Compared to natives, immigrants have been reported to display either more (migration morbidity) or fewer (immigrant paradox) adjustment problems. We examined these two perspectives using a meta-analysis from 51 studies (N = 224,197), reporting internalizing, externalizing, and academic outcomes among immigrant children and youth in Europe. Overall, migration morbidity was better supported than the immigrant paradox. Migration morbidity was supported for (a) externalizing outcomes in Northern Europe and adolescent samples; (b) academic outcomes for low SES and fewer girls across samples; (c) internalizing outcomes in Western Europe and preadolescent samples. Cultural diversity and long-term residence of immigrants are favorable factors for the paradox in externalizing outcomes, whereas immigrant family reunion was predictive for the paradox in internalizing and academic outcomes. Implications for future research and policy are discussed.
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Pass, Michael D., Natasha S. Madon, Kristina Murphy, and Elise Sargeant. "To trust or distrust?: Unpacking ethnic minority immigrants’ trust in police." British Journal of Criminology 60, no. 5 (April 18, 2020): 1320–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azaa023.
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Abstract Studies find that immigrants can be less trusting of police than non-immigrants, with immigrants’ views deteriorating as their length of residence in a host country increases. However, existing research has failed to consider different dimensions of trust. This study applies different trust measures (single-item and multi-item measures) to examine whether trust in police varies by immigrant status and length of residence. Using survey data from 1,367 first- and second-generation ethnic minority immigrants in Australia, we find that the effect of immigrant status and length of residence on trust varies depending on how trust in police is measured. The theoretical and policy implications of these findings are discussed.
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Binggeli, Steve, Franciska Krings, and Sabine Sczesny. "Perceived Competition Explains Regional Differences in the Stereotype Content of Immigrant Groups." Social Psychology 45, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000160.
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This research investigates differences in the stereotype content of immigrant groups between linguistic regions. We expected that immigrant groups who speak the local language of a specific linguistic region would be perceived as more competitive within this region than in another linguistic region. Further, we expected these differences would underlie regional differences in stereotype content, albeit only for the warmth dimension. Predictions were tested in the two largest linguistic regions of Switzerland. As expected, in the German-speaking region, locals perceived German immigrants as more competitive and thus as less warm, whereas in the French-speaking region, locals perceived French immigrants as more competitive and, consequently, as less warm. So, paradoxically, immigrants with strong integration potential are particularly disliked because they are regarded as direct competitors.
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Savaş, Özge, Ronni M. Greenwood, Benjamin T. Blankenship, Abigail J. Stewart, and Kay Deaux. "All immigrants are not alike: Intersectionality matters in views of immigrant groups." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 9, no. 1 (February 19, 2021): 86–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.5575.
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In two studies, we investigated how intersecting social categories shape views of immigrants in the United States. In Study 1, we analyzed 310 attributes generated by 92 participants for the category of immigrant and 30 additional immigrant groups with intersecting social categories (e.g. “undocumented immigrant”) reflecting various levels of social status. Using the Meaning Extraction Method (MEM) and factor analysis to examine shared meanings, we identified five factors; further comparative analyses of immigrant groups focused on the first two factors (Vulnerable vs. Hardworking, Drain vs. Asset). The importance of legal status for judgments on these two factors was evident in comparisons of the generic immigrant with four specific legal intersections. An examination of all 31 groups of immigrants showed that higher status groups were perceived as Hardworking (less Vulnerable) and high national Assets (low Drain), while lower status groups varied in Vulnerability perceptions but were generally thought to be Drains on the nation rather than Assets. In Study 2, 270 participants evaluated intersectional immigrant social categories that differed in combinations of higher status (privileged) and lower status (marginalized) social group memberships, using scales based on the terms identified by the factors in Study 1. Participants rated immigrant groups with two privileged statuses as less vulnerable and more likely to be an asset to the nation than immigrant groups with two marginalized or mixed statuses. The utility of a bottom-up intersectional approach to assess stereotype content of immigrant groups is discussed.
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Roebers, Claudia M., and Wolfgang Schneider. "Self-concept and Anxiety in Immigrant Children." International Journal of Behavioral Development 23, no. 1 (March 1999): 125–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016502599384035.
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In a longitudinal study of acculturation in Germany, a total sample ( N 364) of immigrant and nonimmigrant elementary schoolchildren were tested in regard to achievement related personality variables, such as self-concept, anxiety, and peer relations. The participants belonged to one of four subgroups: (1) nonimmigrants from the Western region of Germany; (2) nonimmigrants from the Eastern region; (3) German-speaking immigrants from the former German Democratic Republic; and (4) immigrants with poor German language skills from the former USSR. Migration did not seem to lead to a global decrease of self-concept or to an increase of general anxiety. However, the immigrant children did differ in their self-concept in the German language and in test anxiety from the nonimmigrant children. The chosen parameters proved to be fairly stable over time in the German-speaking groups and in the immigrant group with poor German language skills, the self-concept was more stable with a longer stay in Germany. Overall, comparing the immigrants with the nonimmigrants: (a) an acceleration in the development of self-evaluations; and (b) an interruption in the gradual stabilisation of the personality became apparent.
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Schwartz, Seth J., Alan Meca, Miguel Ángel Cano, Elma I. Lorenzo-Blanco, and Jennifer B. Unger. "Identity Development in Immigrant Youth." European Psychologist 23, no. 4 (October 2018): 336–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000335.
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Abstract. Rates of immigration are at an all-time high in many Western countries, and immigration can exert profound influences on identity development. These influences occur both at the individual level and at the group level, but these two sets of influences have rarely been considered simultaneously. Accordingly, this article adopts a multilevel approach to identity development among immigrant youth, with a focus on North American receiving contexts. We focus not only on individual ethnic, national, and personal identity development, but also on the societal-level intergroup processes (e.g., threats and stereotypes) that constrain the identity options available to immigrants. We highlight the prominence of biculturalism – endorsement of both heritage and destination-country identities – but also discuss ways in which biculturalism may be difficult to attain for some immigrants and immigrant groups. We also emphasize the interplay between individual immigrants’ identities and the mechanisms through which defensive policies enacted by “threatened” majority groups may harm identity development among immigrant youth. The article concludes with a listing of priorities for future work.
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Greenwood, Ronni Michelle, Maura Adshead, and Sarah Jay. "Immigrant Women’s Experiences of Acculturative Stress." Psychology of Women Quarterly 41, no. 4 (July 28, 2017): 497–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361684317719733.
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We examined the relation of two acculturation stressors, exclusion from ordinary privileges and overt discrimination, to two indicators of psychological well-being (i.e., psychiatric symptoms and satisfaction with life) among a diverse sample of immigrant women living in Ireland ( N = 174). We grouped our sample into “visible” immigrant women of color and “nonvisible” White immigrant women. As expected, visible immigrant women reported more experiences of overt discrimination and fewer experiences of ordinary privileges than did nonvisible immigrant women. The associations of belonging to a visible immigrant group with both psychiatric symptoms and satisfaction with life were each mediated through ordinary privileges and overt discrimination. The magnitude of the two indirect effects was equal for psychiatric symptoms, but for satisfaction with life, the indirect effect through ordinary privileges was stronger. After accounting for ordinary privileges and overt discrimination, the average score for satisfaction with life was higher for visible immigrant women than for nonvisible immigrant women. These findings suggest that visible immigrant women experience exclusion from ordinary privileges to a greater extent than nonvisible immigrant women and that this type of exclusion is at least as detrimental to psychological health as more overt forms of discrimination. Our findings demonstrate the importance of attending to discrimination of both visible and nonvisible immigrants and highlight the importance of ordinary privileges to immigrants’ well-being in their countries of destination. We discuss implications for future research and social policy.
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Sapiro, Michael. "The Bicultural I: A Social and Cognitive Approach for Understanding the Psychology of Acculturation." Journal of International Students 1, no. 2 (July 1, 2011): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jis.v1i2.556.
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This paper investigates the processes and challenges of creating a socially integrated, empowered immigrant identity by exploring the concepts acculturation model. The author examines the psychology of acculturation and the processes for creating a socially integrated bicultural self for immigrants who retain cultural traditions while adapting to new social norms and practices. The complexity of this process embraces principles from both social and cultural psychological paradigms and emphasizes a non-dual approach for creating meaning for a bicultural individual acculturating into a new society.
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Marks, Amy K., John L. McKenna, and Cynthia Garcia Coll. "National Immigration Receiving Contexts." European Psychologist 23, no. 1 (January 2018): 6–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000311.
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Abstract. Extraordinary increases in refugee and voluntary migration have recently been observed in many European and North American countries. At the same time, negative attitudes toward immigrants and unfavorable immigration-related policy changes are promoting national climates of increased discrimination, fear of deportation, and experiences of income and education inequality among many immigrant origin youth and families. This paper considers how national receiving contexts, in particular the efficacy of national immigration integration policies and markers of national attitudes toward immigrants, can shape both native-born youth and immigrant and refugee youth well-being. Using an ecological framework, we draw from the recent empirical literature and three sources of international policy and child well-being data, to assess how national receiving contexts matter for native-born children and immigrant youth adaptation. Results indicate strong linkages among the macro-level contexts of multicultural policies and positive integration approaches with overall child well-being. More favorable immigrant national attitudes, and the more micro-level perceptions of discrimination and xenophobia, also matter tremendously for immigrant and refugee youth adaptation and health outcomes.
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Tatarko, Alexander, Tomas Jurcik, and Andreas Hadjar. "How Migration Policy Shapes the Subjective Well-Being of the Non-immigrant Population in European Countries." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 52, no. 3 (March 12, 2021): 316–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220221211001531.
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Existing studies show that there is a positive association between pro-migrant integration policies and the subjective well-being of immigrants. However, there is a lack of research elucidating the relations between migrant integration policies and the subjective well-being of the host (i.e., non-migrant) population. This study is based on European data and uses multilevel analysis to clarify the relations between migrant integration policy (both as a whole and its eight separate components such as: Labor market mobility and Family reunion) and the subjective well-being of the non-immigrant population in European countries. We examined relations between the Migrant Integration Policy Index (MIPEX) for 22 countries in Europe and subjective well-being, as assessed by the European Social Survey (ESS) data. The results demonstrated that there is a positive relation between the MIPEX and subjective well-being for non-immigrants. Considering different components of the MIPEX separately, we found most of them being positively related to the subjective well-being of non-immigrants. As no negative relationship was identified between any of the eight MIPEX components and subjective well-being, policies in favor of immigrant integration also seem to benefit the non-immigrant population.
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Whitehead, Michael R., Rubén Parra-Cardona, Richard Wampler, Ryan Bowles, and Sacha Klein. "Longitudinal Changes Among Latino/a Immigrant Parental Acculturation and Extra-Familial Immigration-Related Stress." Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 42, no. 1 (January 11, 2020): 18–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739986319900029.
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Foreign-born Latino/a immigrants currently make up 12.9% of the total U.S. population. Latino/a immigrants continue to be exposed to widespread health and mental health care disparities. Scholarship focused on the needs of Latino/a immigrants continues to be characterized by multiple gaps. Latino/a immigrants and their families, particularly those with low family annual incomes, are exposed to multiple types of immigration-related stress. However, little is known about how immigration-related stress impacts couples. The objective of this investigation was to examine the interrelationship among acculturation and immigration-related stress as reported by a group of Latino/a immigrant parents who participated in a cultural adaptation parenting study. Data were provided by 78 two-parent families. The statistical approach consisted of latent growth curve analyses to examine rates of change over time. Findings indicated a potential protective role of biculturalism among Latino/a immigrant couples. Research, clinical, and policy implications are discussed.
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Bersani, Bianca E., and Adam W. Pittman. "Reassessing the Generational Disparity in Immigrant Offending: A Within-family Comparison of Involvement in Crime." Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 56, no. 6 (July 9, 2019): 851–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022427819850600.
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Objective:This study reassesses the generational disparity in immigrant offending. Patterns and predictors of offending are compared using traditional peer-based models and an alternative within-family (parent–child dyad) model.Method:The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (1979; NLSY79) and NLSY-Child and Young Adult (NLSY_CYA) data are merged to create an intergenerational data set to compare generational disparities in immigrant offending across peers and within families. Differences in self-reported offending (prevalence and variety) by immigrant generation are assessed using a combination of descriptive analyses (χ2and analysis of variance) and regression models.Results:While NLSY_CYA children generally are at a greater risk of offending compared with the NLSY79 mothers, the difference in offending is greatest between first-generation mom and second-generation child dyads. Disparities in offending are driven in large part by exceedingly low levels of offending among first-generation immigrants.Conclusion:Although the factors driving an increase in offending between parent–child generations are not unique to immigrants, they are amplified in immigrant families. Whereas the second generation is remarkably similar to their U.S.-born counterparts in terms of their involvement in crime, suggesting a high degree of swift integration, the greater involvement in crime among the children of immigrants compared to their foreign-born mothers suggests a decline in well-being across successive generations.
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Kieseppä, Valentina, Minna Torniainen-Holm, Markus Jokela, Jaana Suvisaari, Mika Gissler, Niina Markkula, and Venla Lehti. "Immigrants’ mental health service use compared to that of native Finns: a register study." Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 55, no. 4 (September 21, 2019): 487–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-019-01774-y.
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Abstract Purpose Many aspects related to migration might predispose immigrants to mental health problems. Yet immigrants have been shown to underuse mental health services. The aim of this study was to compare the intensity of psychiatric care, as an indicator of treatment adequacy, between natives and immigrants living in Finland. Methods We used nationwide register data that included all the immigrants living in Finland at the end of 2010 (n = 185,605) and their matched controls. Only those who had used mental health services were included in the analyses (n = 14,285). We used multinomial logistic regression to predict the categorized treatment intensity by immigrant status, region and country of origin, length of residence, and other background variables. Results Immigrants used mental health services less than Finnish controls and with lower intensity. The length of residence in Finland increased the probability of higher treatment intensity. Immigrants from Eastern Europe, sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and Northern Africa were at the highest risk of receiving low-intensity treatment. Conclusions Some immigrant groups seem to persistently receive less psychiatric treatment than Finnish-born controls. Identification of these groups is important and future research is needed to determine the mechanisms behind these patterns.
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Esses, Victoria M. "Prejudice and Discrimination Toward Immigrants." Annual Review of Psychology 72, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 503–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-080520-102803.
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Prejudice and discrimination toward immigrants, and the consequences of these negative attitudes and behavior, are key determinants of the economic, sociocultural, and civic-political future of receiving societies and of the individuals who seek to make these societies their new home. In this article I review and organize the existing literature on the determinants and nature of prejudice and discrimination toward immigrants, summarizing what we know to date and the challenges in attributing effects to immigrant status per se. I also discuss the consequences of discrimination against immigrants for immigrants themselves, their families, and the societies in which they settle. I conclude by presenting key research questions and topics in this domain that should be at the top of the research agenda for those interested in intergroup relations in this age of mass migration.
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Souto, Rafaella Queiroga, Sepali Guruge, Miriam Aparecida Barbosa Merighi, and Maria Cristina Pinto de Jesus. "Intimate Partner Violence Among Older Portuguese Immigrant Women in Canada." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 34, no. 5 (April 24, 2016): 961–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260516646101.
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One third of the immigrant population around the world is made up of women. Of these women, many belong to the Portuguese community. Immigrants account for more than one in five Canadians. The Portuguese older immigrant women living in Canada are vulnerable to be victims of intimate partner violence (IPV), which is a prevalent and important global health issue that affects differently diverse groups. There are few available researches regarding IPV on this population. The objective of this study is to understand how Portuguese older immigrant women living in Canada experience IPV. This is a qualitative study with a social phenomenological focus. Alfred Schutz’s motivation theory was used to analyze the impulses that led older women to face IPV. The data were collected from July to October 2013 in the Greater Toronto Area. Ten women 60 years or older were included in the study. The participants perceived themselves as being victimized by their current or ex partners. They are unhappy and suffer from a variety of health problems, which they related to their experience of IPV. These factors, along with participants’ personal beliefs, and their legal situations as immigrants in Canada, made them act, either in a way that would try to maintain their relationships, or tried to escape the violent situation. IPV is a complex phenomenon, with different perceptions surrounding it. The experiences of the older immigrant women showed that ending the marriage is not always a possibility to them because of cultural issues and their immigrant status in Canada. Some women wish help and support to improve their relationships.
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WU, ZHENG, and MARGARET PENNING. "Immigration and loneliness in later life." Ageing and Society 35, no. 1 (August 7, 2013): 64–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x13000470.
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ABSTRACTAlthough the loneliness of both older adults and immigrants is frequently asserted, knowledge regarding the implications of immigration for loneliness in later life is limited. In particular, little attention has been directed to the impact of factors that might differentiate individuals within the immigrant population. Using data from the 2007 General Social Survey (GSS-21) conducted by Statistics Canada, this study examined the effects of immigrant status as well as immigrant generation, length of residence in Canada and race/ethnicity on loneliness among adults aged 60 and over (N=10,553). Regression analyses (ordinary least squares) estimating both the general and age-specific effects of immigrant experience on loneliness, indicated that immigrants report higher levels of loneliness than native-born Canadians, that race/ethnicity influenced loneliness particularly among immigrants and that generational status as well as length of residence also had an impact, but one that differed across age groups. Immigration-related variables appeared less consequential for loneliness in the oldest-old (aged 80+) than in younger elderly age groups. These findings attest to the significance of immigrant status for an understanding of loneliness in later life but suggest a need to acknowledge the diversity of immigrant experiences associated with lifecourse and other factors.
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DeSipio, Louis. "Immigrant Incorporation in an Era of Weak Civic Institutions." American Behavioral Scientist 55, no. 9 (August 19, 2011): 1189–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764211407842.
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In this article, the author analyzes five domains of immigrant incorporation and participation in the United States—civic and community engagement among immigrants; naturalization patterns; immigrant (and co-ethnic) partisanship and electoral behaviors; the election of naturalized citizens, and their U.S.-born co-ethnics, as elective officeholders; and immigrant transnational efforts to influence the civic or political life of their communities or countries of origin—in an effort to highlight both the opportunities immigrants and naturalized citizens have seized in U.S. politics and the barriers, particularly, institutional barriers, they continue to face. Although the primary analytical focus is immigrants in the United States, the author is attentive to the challenge raised by Irene Bloemraad (2011 [this issue]) in her introductory article to identify opportunities for comparative insights from the Canadian case. As will be evident, the author ultimately identifies more apples and oranges in the comparison of the U.S. and Canadian cases than peas sharing an analytical pod.
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Bianchi, Dora, Elisa Cavicchiolo, Fabio Lucidi, Sara Manganelli, Laura Girelli, Andrea Chirico, and Fabio Alivernini. "School Dropout Intention and Self-esteem in Immigrant and Native Students Living in Poverty: The Protective Role of Peer Acceptance at School." School Mental Health 13, no. 2 (January 24, 2021): 266–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12310-021-09410-4.
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AbstractThe psychological well-being at school of immigrant students living in poverty is currently an understudied topic in developmental psychology. This is an important shortcoming because this population, which is rapidly increasing in many western countries, is in a double minority condition and has a greater risk of experiencing psychological distress at school, in comparison with their native peers. In order to improve our understanding on this issue, the present two-wave study investigated the prospective relationships between peer acceptance and two aspects of well-being at school—intention to drop out of school and negative self-esteem—specifically focusing on the differential effect of having (vs. not having) an immigrant background. The participants were 249 preadolescents and adolescents living in poverty (Mage = 12.76; SDage = 2.34; 41.8% girls; 19.3% immigrants) who were attending educational centres for disadvantaged minors. The poverty status of the participants was an inclusion criterion. A multilinear regression model with multigroup analysis was tested. As expected, the results showed that peer acceptance had a significant negative association with school dropout intentions and negative self-esteem only for immigrants, but not for natives. For immigrant students, the protective effect of peer acceptance was comparable to the stability over time of dropout intention and self-esteem, a result that has promising implications for prevention programs. The applied implications of the study for educational and clinical contexts are discussed.
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Thelamour, Barbara, and Deborah J. Johnson. "Exploring Black Immigrants’ and Nonimmigrants’ Understanding of “Acting Black” and “Acting White”." Journal of Black Psychology 43, no. 3 (July 25, 2016): 280–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095798416641863.
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Immigrant and nonimmigrant Black adolescents’ perceptions of “acting Black” and “acting White” were compared using a concurrent mixed-methods approach. Using the Maryland Adolescent Development in Context Study data set, 39 second-generation African and Caribbean adolescent immigrants and a matched set of 39 nonimmigrant Black peers responded to the question “What does it mean to act Black/White?” Their responses were examined for differences and change over time. Quantitative analyses revealed that all Black youth shifted in their perspectives of acting White and acting Black but immigrant youth differed significantly from their nonimmigrant counterparts. Analysis of secondary qualitative text further highlighted respondents’ development and change at Time 2. These results underscore a racial cultural orientation process under the tridimensional model that acknowledges Black immigrants’ acculturation to African American culture in the United States.
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Motti-Stefanidi, Frosso, Jens B. Asendorpf, and Ann S. Masten. "The adaptation and well-being of adolescent immigrants in Greek schools: A multilevel, longitudinal study of risks and resources." Development and Psychopathology 24, no. 2 (April 17, 2012): 451–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579412000090.
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AbstractThis study examined growth patterns in adaptation of immigrant youth from a risk and resilience perspective. Students from first- and second-generation immigrant families living in Greece and their nonimmigrant classmates (N= 1,057) were assessed over the first 3 years of secondary school (ages 13–15). Three-level hierarchical linear models were used to disentangle individual and classroom-level effects on initial level and change in academic achievement, conduct, peer popularity, and psychological well-being. At the individual level, adaptation was more related to self-efficacy and parental school involvement (resources) than immigrant status and social adversity (risks). Only for academic achievement did risks explain variance when resources were controlled. Parental school involvement moderated the effect of immigrant status for initial level and growth in achievement. For all students, achievement and conduct worsened over time. At the classroom level, socioeconomic and ethnic composition of the classroom moderated the effects of self-efficacy and immigrant status on academic achievement and peer popularity, respectively. Second-generation immigrants were more popular than first-generation immigrants, but showed a larger decrease over time in school achievement. Results support a developmental, differentiated, and contextualized approach to the study of immigrant youth adaptation.
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Vega, Alma. "The Time Intensity of Childcare Provided by Older Immigrant Women in the United States." Research on Aging 39, no. 7 (January 12, 2016): 823–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0164027515626774.
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Older adults comprise an increasing share of new legal admits to the United States. While many are financially dependent on their families, a more complete picture requires taking into account the nonmonetary contributions of this population. Using the American Time Use Survey, this study examines whether older recent immigrant women provide more unpaid childcare than their native-born and more established immigrant counterparts. Results suggest that while older recent immigrant women are more likely to provide unpaid childcare, this effect is eliminated upon controlling for demographic characteristics. However, among those who do provide childcare, older recent immigrant women provide more hours of care even after controlling for demographic and household characteristics. This pattern holds up even after restricting the analysis to women living with young children. These results may signal reciprocal supportive networks. Working-age adults may financially support older recent immigrants, while older recent immigrants provide unremunerated childcare for working-age adults.
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Fuks, Nate, Nathan Grant Smith, Sandra Peláez, Jack De Stefano, and Tyler L. Brown. "Acculturation Experiences Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Immigrants in Canada." Counseling Psychologist 46, no. 3 (April 2018): 296–332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000018768538.
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In the current study, we used a grounded theory methodology to understand the acculturation process of LGBT immigrants in Canada. Results revealed two parallel themes: Cultural Identity Development and Sexual and Gender Identity Development. Heterosexism and cissexism in the culture of origin was a central phenomenon in the development of the cultural, sexual, and gender aspects of LGBT immigrant identity. Moreover, LGBT immigrants’ culture of origin and Canadian culture influenced their sexual and gender identity development before and after immigration. Results suggest that many LGBT immigrants assume a Western orientation as a coping response to heterosexism and cissexism in their culture of origin, even before immigration occurs. The current study identified the perceived challenges and advantages that LGBT immigrants experience during the acculturation process as well as various acculturation outcomes. We discuss clinical implications and future research directions in light of the results.
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Iskander, Natasha N. "On Detention and Skill: Reflections on Immigrant Incarceration, Bodying Practices, and the Definition of Skill." American Behavioral Scientist 63, no. 9 (March 21, 2019): 1370–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764219835257.
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The use of detention as a tool of immigrant enforcement has grown in the United States and around the world. In this article, I examine the practices used to structure the physical detention of immigrants and explore the role that carceral immigrant control plays as a form of labor market governance. I argue that the same security and detention practices that equate being out of status with criminality are also used to tag immigrants as unskilled. Through the delineation of skill categories, which are vested with certain political rights, I posit that this carceral enforcement of skill categories shapes how immigrants are able to navigate the labor market, with particular attention to the implications for recipients of DACA (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals) protections.
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Flores, René D. "Living in the Eye of the Storm." American Behavioral Scientist 58, no. 13 (June 6, 2014): 1743–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764214537266.
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As Hispanic immigrants have moved beyond traditional immigrant gateways in recent years, local restrictive immigrant ordinances have proliferated. Although scholars have studied the determinants of these policies, we still know little about their social consequences. Drawing on ethnographic and interview data with 103 white, black, and Hispanic residents, collected in 2007 and 2011 in Hazleton, Pennsylvania, which passed an anti-immigrant ordinance in 2006, the author found that the law motivated anti-immigrant activism, hardened native views of Hispanics (regardless of documentation status), and increased native whites’ fears of lawlessness and crime. By 2011, however, locals reported significantly lower ethnic animosity, and the Latino population, led by Dominicans, continued to grow. This research reveals the unintended consequences of symbolic exclusionary laws and also highlights their limitations. It also demonstrates the capacity that microlevel political factors have to affect immigrant incorporation and intergroup relations and shows that the recent spread of local and state immigrant restrictionist policies may negatively affect immigrants’ ability to incorporate in new destinations of settlement at least in the short term.
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Reyes, Adriana M., and Marc A. Garcia. "Gender and Age of Migration Differences in Mortality Among Older Mexican Americans." Journals of Gerontology: Series B 75, no. 8 (April 6, 2019): 1707–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbz038.
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Abstract Objectives Using a gendered life course perspective, we examine whether the relationship between age of migration and mortality is moderated by gender among a cohort of older Mexican Americans. Methods Data from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly and recently matched mortality data are used to estimate Cox proportional hazard models. Results Our findings indicate that the relationship between age of migration and mortality is moderated by gender, suggesting a more nuanced perspective of the immigrant mortality paradox. Among men, midlife migrants exhibit an 18% lower risk of mortality compared to their U.S.-born co-ethnics, possibly due to immigrant selectivity at the time of migration. Conversely, late-life migrant women exhibit a 17% lower risk of mortality relative to U.S.-born women, attributed in part to socio-cultural characteristics that influence lifestyle risk factors across the life course. Discussion Selection mechanisms and acculturation processes associated with the immigrant experience are contingent on both age and gender, suggesting the utility of an integrated life course approach to contextualize the mortality profiles of older immigrants. These findings demonstrate the heterogeneity among immigrants and highlight the need to understand gender differences in the migration process when assessing the immigrant mortality paradox.
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Urzúa, Alfonso, Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar, Bárbara Alquinta, Roberto Jeria, Ricardo Jorquera, and Xiong Lau. "Life satisfaction in childhood: Latin American immigrant children in Chile." Psihologija 54, no. 1 (2021): 75–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/psi200116021u.
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The goal of the current study was to evaluate life satisfaction in a sample of 300 immigrant children aged between 8 and 13 years old. Satisfaction in different domains and overall life, was evaluated using the General Domain Satisfaction Index and the Overall Life Satisfaction index, respectively. These instruments were also applied to a sample of 300 non-immigrant children of similar age. Statistically significant differences were found only in the 12?13 years group, where the mean scores for immigrants were lower than those for natives, on the domains of family and home, material goods, interpersonal relationships, health, and use of time. Additionally, immigrants had higher mean scores on the domains of area of residence, school, and personal satisfaction. These results allow us to reflect on the influence of society in all domains throughout their lives. Thus, these findings contribute toward the creation of policies that integrate migrants.
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Hoewe, Jennifer. "Coverage of a Crisis: The Effects of International News Portrayals of Refugees and Misuse of the Term “Immigrant”." American Behavioral Scientist 62, no. 4 (February 19, 2018): 478–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764218759579.
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Given the intense debate surrounding the United States’ policies regarding admission of refugees and immigrants into the country, this study set out to determine how the news media cover refugees and how that coverage influences news consumers. This research examines how news stories informed the public about the individuals affected by the wars in Syria, Afghanistan, and Iraq. In particular, it explores usage of the word “refugee” as opposed to “immigrant” to determine how individuals fleeing their home countries were described by the press. A content analysis revealed that U.S. newspapers were more likely than international newspapers to conflate the term “immigrant” with “refugee.” Also, when refugees were incorrectly described as “immigrants,” references to terrorism were more likely. The experimental portion of this research tested how news consumers respond to this framing of “refugee” versus “immigrant” in the same war-torn situation. Democrats, Independents, and Republicans who read about individuals labeled as “refugees” did not distinguish them from “immigrants” in the same situation, indicating they may have adopted the U.S. news media’s conflation of these terms. Republicans, however, had more negative perceptions of both refugees and immigrants than did Democrats or Independents, reporting greater perceptions of threat and favoring more stringent policy. These results suggest that American news consumers do not distinguish between refugees and immigrants in terms of policy, which at least partially implicates U.S. news media for not providing a solid benchmark for understanding these groups of people.
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Rania, Nadia, Laura Migliorini, and Stefania Rebora. "Family acculturation in host and immigrant couples: Dyadic research in an Italian context." Europe’s Journal of Psychology 14, no. 4 (November 30, 2018): 914–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v14i4.1553.
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The purpose of this research is to study acculturation strategies and attitudes in central and peripheral domains of host and immigrant couples in an Italian context. The participants were 60 dyads (30 host couples and 30 immigrant couples) who completed a questionnaire based on the Relative Acculturation Extended Model (RAEM). Based on the analysis, we found that the general acculturation attitude preferred by immigrant couples is integration, and Italian couples prefer that immigrants adopt it. Furthermore, Italian partners show moderate internal agreement, whereas immigrant couples show a high degree of agreement. In both groups, the level of agreement between dyadic members is only partially determined by their membership within a social group. The socio-cultural context has a significant role in the internal similarity of Italian couples. In contrast, there is dyadic agreement within immigrant couples.
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Bachmann, Viktoria, Katharina Teigeler, Oliver Hirsch, Stefan Bösner, and Norbert Donner-Banzhoff. "Comparing health-issues of Russian-speaking immigrants, Germans and Russians." International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care 11, no. 1 (March 16, 2015): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmhsc-02-2014-0005.
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Purpose – About three million Russian-speaking immigrants from the former Soviet Union live in Germany. However, little is known about their health status. The purpose of this paper is to investigate mental and physical complaints among this immigrant group through German primary care compared with native-born Germans and Russians. Design/methodology/approach – In the context of the quantitative part of our mixed-methods study Russian-speaking immigrants, native-born Germans and Russians completed self-rating questionnaires in their native languages comprising indicators of mental and somatic health. Included were two modules of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9, PHQ-15), and the Hamburg Self-Care Questionnaire. Findings – No differences were found between the three groups regarding depressive and somatic symptoms. Germans had higher ratings of general health status compared to immigrants and native-born Russians and were more satisfied with their physical health than immigrants. Germans were more convinced that they can actively contribute to their health than immigrants and Russians. Germans and Russians have higher scores of self-care than immigrants. Immigrants have more subjective physical health-related complaints than non-immigrants. There are different health beliefs in the three groups which could differentially affect global well-being. Originality/value – As minorities are double socialized in the origin and host country, a minimum of three groups have to be compared to receive a reliable statement about migration- and culture-specific differences in health related aspects. These requirements of comparative cultural psychology are satisfied by our work.
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Neumann, Rico, and Patricia Moy. "You’re (Not) Welcome: The Impact of Symbolic Boundaries, Intergroup Contact, and Experiences With Discrimination on Immigration Attitudes." American Behavioral Scientist 62, no. 4 (February 23, 2018): 458–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764218760370.
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Against the backdrop of Europe’s migrant crisis, this study investigates attitudes toward immigrants and immigration policy. Specifically, how do Europeans’ attitudes stem from: (a) the symbolic boundaries they draw regarding immigrants (i.e., their perceptions of what constitutes an immigrant); (b) their contact with racially and ethnically different others; and (c) their own experiences with discrimination? Data from the 2014-2015 European Social Survey ( N = 37,623) show Europeans’ symbolic boundaries regarding immigrants varied by respondents’ sociodemographics, consumption of political news, and social trust. Most, but not all, forms of intergroup contact enhanced support for specific groups and broader immigration policy. Contrary to expectations, experience with discrimination did not shape attitudes toward specific immigrant groups. Our discussion focuses on theoretical implications, future research, and how findings can inform contemporary public discourse about the migrant crisis.
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Weise, David R., Thomas Arciszewski, Jean-François Verlhiac, Tom Pyszczynski, and Jeff Greenberg. "Terror Management and Attitudes Toward Immigrants." European Psychologist 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000056.
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Previous terror management theory research has shown that mortality salience (MS; a death reminder) leads to the derogation of those who are perceived to be threats to or violators of one’s cultural worldview. Immigrants may be viewed as such a threat, but not necessarily to all majority group members of the culture. The studies presented here tested the hypothesis that, depending upon the nature of the participants’ worldview, MS would either increase or decrease liking of an immigrant. After being reminded of their mortality or a control topic, French and American college students evaluated an immigrant. To assess differences in worldview, participants completed a measure of right-wing authoritarianism (RWA). Consistent across two studies, MS led to more negative evaluations of an immigrant among those high in RWA, but more positive evaluations for those low in RWA. Discussion focuses on the implications of these findings for understanding the interplay of mortality concerns and RWA in determining attitudes toward immigrants.
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Martinez, Joel E., Lauren A. Feldman, Mallory J. Feldman, and Mina Cikara. "Narratives Shape Cognitive Representations of Immigrants and Immigration-Policy Preferences." Psychological Science 32, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 135–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797620963610.
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Scholars from across the social and media sciences have issued a clarion call to address a recent resurgence in criminalized characterizations of immigrants. Do these characterizations meaningfully impact individuals’ beliefs about immigrants and immigration? Across two online convenience samples (total N = 1,054 adult U.S. residents), we applied a novel analytic technique to test how different narratives—achievement, criminal, and struggle-oriented—impacted cognitive representations of German, Russian, Syrian, and Mexican immigrants and the concept of immigrants in general. All stories featured male targets. Achievement stories homogenized individual immigrant representations, whereas both criminal and struggle-oriented stories racialized them along a White/non-White axis: Germany clustered with Russia, and Syria clustered with Mexico. However, criminal stories were unique in making our most egalitarian participants’ representations as differentiated as our least egalitarian participants’. Narratives about individual immigrants also generalized to update representations of nationality groups. Most important, narrative-induced representations correlated with immigration-policy preferences: Achievement narratives and corresponding homogenized representations promoted preferences for less restriction, and criminal narratives promoted preferences for more.
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Chan, Angel. "Transnational parenting practices of Chinese immigrant families in New Zealand." Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood 19, no. 3 (February 1, 2017): 219–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1463949117691204.
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This article advocates for fluid pedagogies that align with the transnational parenting practices of immigrant families. New Zealand is now considered to be a superdiverse country with a large population of immigrants. This superdiversity phenomenon can therefore also be found in its early childhood education settings. Research has indicated that many contemporary immigrants are transnationals who maintain close connections with their home countries and frequently engage in border-crossing activities. Transnational immigrants are mobile, and their parenting strategies may be similarly fluid. This article uses findings from a research project which involved Chinese immigrant families to illustrate transnational perspectives of early childhood education and parenting practices. Narrative excerpts are presented and analysed using key theoretical constructs of transnationalism to illustrate the participants’ cultural dilemmas in their parenting, their preparedness to adapt their heritage practices and to adopt early childhood education discourses of the host country, and their agency in choosing parenting strategies that they believed best support their children’s learning. It highlights the importance of parent–teacher dialogue and of enacting a curriculum with fluid pedagogies that are responsive to heterogeneous parental aspirations.