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Journal articles on the topic 'Immune booster'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 2 June 2025
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Dashputra, Amruta Vishwas, Nayse Jaydeep, Siddique R, Amit Date, and Quazi Shadama. "Perception and preference of health care providers regarding protective role of immunity boosters against Covid -19." Panacea Journal of Medical Sciences 13, no. 1 (2023): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2023.022.

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Covid -19 caused by a virus to which the people with low immunity response are being affected. Immune boosters play a vital role in protecting human being from various infective organism. The immune boosters include vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, probiotics etc. Indian Government gave emphasis on improving immunity in March 2020. At That time many people started using immunity booster agents. : To study perception and preference of medical teachers about immunity booster agents against Covid -19. A questionnaire based cross sectional study was conducted among medical teachers. Questionnaire
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2

HK, Singhal. "Suvarnaprashan: An Ayurvedic Immune Booster." Journal of Natural & Ayurvedic Medicine 5, no. 3 (2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/jonam-16000325.

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The word 'Suvarnaprashan', a logical offshoot of Ayurveda, is made with combination of two words 'Suvarna' and 'Prashan'. The term Suvarna is a common word which refers to the Gold noble metal. Prashan refers to Pra+Ashan which means specially the act of eating or drinking or in taking. Suvarnaprashan has been practiced since a long back to make Vyadhikshamatva i.e. Immunity stronger to prevent infectious diseases as well as maintenance of good physical and mental growth and development of a child. According to WHO, Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not me
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3

Hall, Jesse M., Kyle J. Caution, Yan Yuan, et al. "Characterizing the cellular and humoral immune responses to Tdap during pregnancy compared to non-pregnant controls." Journal of Immunology 210, no. 1_Supplement (2023): 252.06. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.210.supp.252.06.

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Abstract Maternal Tdap vaccination during pregnancy is recommended to protect infants from pertussis, pre-vaccination. However, it is unclear whether maternal immune responses improve following Tdap booster. We present analysis of immune responses pre- and post-Tdap booster, of pregnant women (Pw) primed by whole cell vaccines, who received Tdap booster during pregnancy, compared to Tdap boosted non-pregnant women (NPw). Tdap antigen specific serum antibody reactivity and avidity increased following booster in both groups. Reactivity and avidity were higher in NPw compared to Pw. Activation-in
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4

Handayani, Ety Sari, and Nurul Hidayah. "Heterologous Booster Profiles for Recipeints of CoronaVac Inactivated Primary Vaccine: A Scoping Review." Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy 12, no. 1 (2024): 68–85. https://doi.org/10.15416/ijcp.2023.12.1.68.

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The administration of booster vaccines has been implemented in a number of countries. Unfortunately, there are limited studies of the immune response after booster to recipient with CoronaVac inactivated primary vaccine. This scoping review aims to determine heterologous booster profiles for recipients of the CoronaVac inactivated primary vaccine. This study obtained data from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medrxiv, Google Scholar and Grey literature. The inclusion criteria were Sars-Cov-2 article, heterologous boosters and CoronaVac vaccine published from 2020 to 2022, written in English, and in a
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5

Violán, Concepció, Bibiana Quirant-Sánchez, Maria Palau-Antoja, et al. "Immune Durability and Breakthrough Infections 15 Months After SARS-CoV-2 Boosters in People over 65: The IMMERSION Study." Vaccines 13, no. 7 (2025): 738. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines13070738.

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Background: SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination remains essential to prevent severe COVID-19, particularly in vulnerable populations such as older adults. This study evaluated the durability and dynamics of immune responses following booster vaccination(s) in >65-year-old individuals and examined their association with protection against new infections. Methods: Immune responses were evaluated at 3, 9, and 15 months post-booster, measuring SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies against spike [IgG(S)] and nucleocapsid [IgG(N)] proteins, neutralizing activity against the Omicron BA.2 variant, and cell
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Ashrafian, Fatemeh, Fahimeh Bagheri Amiri, Anahita Bavand, Mahsan Zali, Mona Sadat Larijani, and Amitis Ramezani. "A Comparative Study of Immunogenicity, Antibody Persistence, and Safety of Three Different COVID-19 Boosters between Individuals with Comorbidities and the Normal Population." Vaccines 11, no. 8 (2023): 1376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11081376.

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Data on immunogenicity, immune response persistency, and safety of COVID-19 boosters in patients with comorbidities are limited. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate three different boosters’ immunogenicity and safety in individuals with at least one underlying disease (UD) (obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus) with healthy ones (HC) who were primed with two doses of the BBIBP-CorV vaccine and received a booster shot of the same priming vaccine or protein subunit vaccines, PastoCovac Plus or PastoCovac. One hundred and forty subjects including sixty-three ones with a comorbidity and sevent
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7

Zhang, Zhiren, Qiaren He, Wei Zhao, et al. "A Heterologous V-01 or Variant-Matched Bivalent V-01D-351 Booster following Primary Series of Inactivated Vaccine Enhances the Neutralizing Capacity against SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron Strains." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 14 (2022): 4164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11144164.

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Immune escape of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) and waning immunity over time following the primary series suggest the importance and necessity of booster shot of COVID-19 vaccines. With the aim to preliminarily evaluate the potential of heterologous boosting, we conducted two pilot studies to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the V-01 or a bivalent V-01D-351 (targeting Delta and Beta strain) booster after 5–7 months of the primary series of inactivated COVID-9 vaccine (ICV). A total of 77 participants were enrolled, with 20 participants in the V-01D-351 booster study,
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8

Alhit, Hazim Abdul Rahman. "COVID Booster Shot and the Third Dose." Journal of Medical Research and Surgery 2, no. 6 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.52916/jmrs204065.

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The protection provided by the original shot(s) has begun to decrease over time, then a Coronavirus Disease (COVID) booster shot is given. Moreover, the immunity from the initial dose(s) naturally starts to wane, and you would get a booster. Accordingly, the booster is designed in order to maintain the people’s level of immunity for longer [1]. There is evidence that the effect of the vaccine wanes over time, so the officials recommended booster shots for everyone who is eighteen and older [2]. Therefore, the medics instructed the third dose for individuals who are immuno-compromised. The thir
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9

Alhit, Hazim Abdul Rahman. "COVID Booster Shot and the Third Dose." Journal of Medical Research and Surgery 2, no. 6 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.52916/jmrs214065.

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The protection provided by the original shot(s) has begun to decrease over time, then a Coronavirus Disease (COVID) booster shot is given. Moreover, the immunity from the initial dose(s) naturally starts to wane, and you would get a booster. Accordingly, the booster is designed in order to maintain the people’s level of immunity for longer [1]. There is evidence that the effect of the vaccine wanes over time, so the officials recommended booster shots for everyone who is eighteen and older [2]. Therefore, the medics instructed the third dose for individuals who are immuno-compromised. The thir
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10

Jaggaiahgari, Shashidhar, Apoorva Munigela, Sasikala Mitnala, Deepika Gujjarlapudi, Venu Simhadri, and Nageshwar Reddy D. "Heterologous Booster Dose with CORBEVAX Following Primary Vaccination with COVISHIELD Enhances Protection against SARS-CoV-2." Vaccines 10, no. 12 (2022): 2146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10122146.

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Despite effective vaccination programs, waning immunity in the vaccinated populations and the emergence of variants of concern posed a risk of breakthrough infections. A booster dose was demonstrated to provide substantially increased protection against symptomatic disease and hospitalization. We aimed to evaluate immune memory and the efficacy of reducing the rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection post heterologous booster with CORBEVAX after primary vaccination with two doses of COVISHIELD. SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 spike IgG and RBD-specific antibody responses were elicited with both booster vaccines, with a
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11

Crean, Thomas I., Manohar John, Stephen B. Calderwood, and Edward T. Ryan. "Optimizing the Germfree Mouse Model for In Vivo Evaluation of Oral Vibrio cholerae Vaccine and Vector Strains." Infection and Immunity 68, no. 2 (2000): 977–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.2.977-981.2000.

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ABSTRACT The germfree mouse model of Vibrio cholerae infection can be used to judge immune responses to V. choleraevaccine and vector strains. In the original model, a single oral inoculation was administered on day 0, a booster oral inoculation was administered on day 14, and immune responses were analyzed with samples collected on day 28. Unfortunately, immune responses in this model frequently were low level, and interanimal variability occurred. In order to improve this model, we evaluated various primary and boosterV. cholerae inoculation schedules. The most prominent systemic and mucosal
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12

Assawasaksakul, Theerada, Seelwan Sathitratanacheewin, Preeyaporn Vichaiwattana, et al. "Immunogenicity of the third and fourth BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 boosters and factors associated with immune response in patients with SLE and rheumatoid arthritis." Lupus Science & Medicine 9, no. 1 (2022): e000726. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2022-000726.

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ObjectivesTo evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of third and fourth BNT162b2 boosters in patients with SLE and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsPatients with SLE and RA aged 18–65 years who completed a series of inactivated, adenoviral vector, or heterogenous adenoviral vector/mRNA vaccines for at least 28 days were enrolled. Immunogenicity assessment was done before and day 15 after each booster vaccination. The third BNT162b2 booster was administered on day 1. Patients with suboptimal humoral response to the third booster dose (antireceptor-binding domain (RBD) IgG on day 15 <2360 BAU
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13

Lalwani, Sanjay, Sukanta Chatterjee, Jugesh Chhatwal, et al. "Randomized, Open-Label Study of the Impact of Age on Booster Responses to the 10-Valent Pneumococcal Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Protein D Conjugate Vaccine in Children in India." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 21, no. 9 (2014): 1292–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00068-14.

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ABSTRACTIn this phase III, open-label, multicenter, and descriptive study in India, children primed with 3 doses (at ages 6, 10, and 14 weeks) of the 10-valent pneumococcal nontypeableHaemophilus influenzaeprotein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) were randomized (1:1) to receive a booster dose at 9 to 12 (early booster) or 15 to 18 months old (late booster) in order to evaluate impact of age at booster. We also evaluated a 2-dose catch-up vaccination plus an experimental booster dose in unprimed children age 12 to 18 months. The early booster, late booster, and catch-up vaccinations were administ
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14

Ramírez, Juan C., M. Magdalena Gherardi, Dolores Rodríguez, and Mariano Esteban. "Attenuated Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Can Be Used as an Immunizing Agent under Conditions of Preexisting Immunity to the Vector." Journal of Virology 74, no. 16 (2000): 7651–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.16.7651-7655.2000.

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ABSTRACT A problem associated with the use of vaccinia virus recombinants as vaccines is the existence of a large human population with preexisting immunity to the vector. Here we showed that after a booster with attenuated recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (rMVA), higher humoral and cellular immune responses to foreign antigens (human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Env and β-galactosidase) were found in mice preimmunized with rMVA than in mice primed with the virulent Western Reserve strain and boosted with rMVA. This enhancement correlated with higher levels of expression of foreign
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15

Papadopoli, Rosa, Caterina De Sarro, Carlo Torti, Claudia Pileggi, and Maria Pavia. "Is There Any Opportunity to Provide an HBV Vaccine Booster Dose before Anti-Hbs Titer Vanishes?" Vaccines 8, no. 2 (2020): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8020227.

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Whether the primary Hepatitis B vaccination confers lifelong protection is debated. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of booster doses in mounting a protective HBV immune response in subjects vaccinated 18–20 years earlier. The study population consisted of vaccinated students attending medical and healthcare professions schools. A booster dose was offered to subjects with a <10 mIU/mL anti-HBs titer. The post-booster anti-HBs titer was evaluated after four weeks. The subjects with a <10 mIU/mL post-booster anti-HBs titer, received a second and third dose of the vaccin
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16

Jantarabenjakul, Watsamon, Pimpayao Sodsai, Napaporn Chantasrisawad, et al. "Dynamics of Neutralizing Antibody and T-Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 and Variants of Concern after Primary Immunization with CoronaVac and Booster with BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 in Health Care Workers." Vaccines 10, no. 5 (2022): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10050639.

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Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) is commonly used in national immunization programs. However, the immune response significantly declines within a few months. Our study assessed the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 after receiving booster shots of BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 among health care workers who previously received CoronaVac as their primary immunization. Fifty-six participants who received ChAdOx1 and forty-two participants who received BNT162b2 were enrolled into this study, which evaluated immune responses, including anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike total antibodies (Elecsys®), surrogated
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17

Voutouri, Chrysovalantis, Corey C. Hardin, Vivek Naranbhai, et al. "Abstract A64: Mechanistic model for booster doses effectiveness in healthy, cancer and immunosuppressed patients infected with SARS-CoV-2." Cancer Immunology Research 10, no. 12_Supplement (2022): A64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2326-6074.tumimm22-a64.

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Abstract Introduction: Current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are effective at preventing COVID-19 or limiting disease severity in healthy individuals, but effectiveness is lower among patients with cancer or immunosuppression. Vaccine effectiveness wanes with time and varies by vaccine type. Moreover, current vaccines are based on the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 spike protein sequence and emerging viral variants evade vaccine induced immunity. Booster doses partially overcome these issues, but there are limited clinical data on the durability of protection afforded by boosters – especially against SARS-CoV-2 v
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Pinkoane, M. G., M. Ngcobo, and N. Gqaleni. "BEST PRACTICE PROGRAMME IN THE STANDARDISATION OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINES: EVALUATION OF AN IMMUNE BOOSTER FORMULATED BY TRADITIONAL HEALERS OF THE VAAL TRIANGLE, SOUTH AFRICA." African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 13, no. 3 (2016): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v13i3.13.

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Background: Regulation and standardization of African traditional medicines (ATM) prescribed by traditional healers in South
 Africa is still far from being implemented. This is despite the fact that more people are using ATM products than ever. In an effort to
 demonstrate that collaboration with traditional health practitioners (THPs) can yield standardized TM products, this study aimed to
 evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of an herbal immune booster formulated by traditional healers from the Vaal Region, South
 Africa.
 Materials and Methods: Using normal and l
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19

Faraz, Ali, Malik Hina, Ali Atif, et al. "Knowledge, acceptance, motivators and barriers of booster dose of COVID-19 vaccination among dental patients: A cross-sectional study." Medicine 102, no. 45 (2023): e35747. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000035747.

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Given the lingering threat of COVID infection, questions are being raised if coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine needs annual or regular boosters to maintain high levels of immunity against both the original virus and variants. This study was designed to evaluate the knowledge, acceptance, motivators and barriers of the booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine among the dental patients of District Lucknow, India. A total of 297 respondents were selected by a convenience sampling method in this cross-sectional study from various dental clinics. An anonymous, self-administered, closed-ended ques
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Liu, Ming, Tianshuo Zhao, Qiuyue Mu, et al. "Immune-Boosting Effect of the COVID-19 Vaccine: Real-World Bidirectional Cohort Study." JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 9 (October 11, 2023): e47272. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/47272.

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Background As the SARS-CoV-2 attenuates and antibodies from the COVID-19 vaccine decline, long-term attention should be paid to the durability of primary booster administration and the preventive effect of the second or multiple booster doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. Objective This study aimed to explore the durability of primary booster administration and the preventive effect of second or multiple booster doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. Methods We established a bidirectional cohort in Guizhou Province, China. Eligible participants who had received the primary booster dose were enrolled for bl
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Vasu, Jayalakshmi, Mouttou Vivek Srinivas, Prabhakar Xavier Antony, Jacob Thanislass, Vijayalakshmi Padmanaban, and Hirak Kumar Mukhopadhyay. "Comparative immune responses of pups following modified live virus vaccinations against canine parvovirus." Veterinary World 12, no. 9 (2019): 1422–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.1422-1427.

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Background and Aim: Canine parvovirus (CPV) is the most important viral cause of enteritis and mortality in pups. Evaluation and monitoring of pre- and post-vaccine immune responses may help to determine the efficacy of the current vaccination schedule being followed in pups in India. This study aimed to evaluate and monitor the pre- and post-vaccine immune responses of CPV vaccinated pups using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. The neutralizing antibody titer levels were also detected using serum neutralization test (SNT). Materials and Methods: The pups were categorized into two groups
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Koehm, Michaela, Maximilian Klippstein, Stephanie Dauth, et al. "Impact of different classes of immune-modulating treatments on B cell-related and T cell-related immune response before and after COVID-19 booster vaccination in patients with immune-mediated diseases and primary immunodeficiency: a cohort study." RMD Open 9, no. 3 (2023): e003094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003094.

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ObjectivesTo evaluate the potential of immunosuppressed patients to mount B-cell and T-cell responses to COVID-19 booster vaccination (third vaccination).MethodsPatients with primary immunodeficiency (PID), immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) on CD20-depleting treatment with rituximab (RTX), or IMIDs treated with conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) or biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (bDMARDs) were included and assessed before (baseline visit (BL)) and 2, 4 and 8 weeks after COVID-19 booster vaccination. Serum B-cell responses were a
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Sophonmanee, Ratchanon, Perawas Preampruchcha, Jomkwan Ongarj, et al. "Intradermal Fractional ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Booster Vaccine Induces Memory T Cells: A Follow-Up Study." Vaccines 12, no. 2 (2024): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12020109.

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The administration of viral vector and mRNA vaccine booster effectively induces humoral and cellular immune responses. Effector T cell responses after fractional intradermal (ID) vaccination are comparable to those after intramuscular (IM) boosters. Here, we quantified T cell responses after booster vaccination. ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination induced higher numbers of S1-specific CD8+ memory T cells, consistent with the antibody responses. Effector memory T cell phenotypes elicited by mRNA vaccination showed a similar trend to those elicited by the viral vector vaccine booster. Three months post-
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Friesen, Robert, Govert Schouten, and Dean Anthony Lee. "Avidity engineered multifunctional antibodies for stimulation and orchestration of innate and adaptive immune cells in tumor tissues." Journal of Clinical Oncology 43, no. 16_suppl (2025): 8558. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2025.43.16_suppl.8558.

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8558 Background: Antibodies and ADCs are mainstays in the treatment of cancer. However, given difficulties in achieving a deep and sustained response, significant improvements are desirable. We report on first in class “Booster” molecules, based on clinically validated ADCC-competent antibodies, equipped with two immunomodulatory domains that are affinity engineered to be functional only when in contact with a tumor cell. We see strong expansion and increased cytotoxicity of immune cells in the presence of cancer cells in vitro , activation of relevant immune cell types ex vivo , and reduction
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Gozdas, Hasan Tahsin, and Oguz Karabay. "Immune response to diphtheria booster vaccination." American Journal of Infection Control 42, no. 12 (2014): 1344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2014.08.020.

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Vukčević, Marija, Mateja Despot, Aleksandra Nikolić-Kokić, et al. "Effect of Homologous and Heterologous Booster in COVID-19 Vaccination." Pharmaceuticals 17, no. 12 (2024): 1734. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17121734.

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Background: COVID-19 became a global health crisis in early 2020, and the way out of the crisis was the rapid development of vaccines by Sinopharm, Pfizer, and Sputnik, among others, which played a crucial role in controlling the pandemic. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the long-term immune response by measuring the levels of anti-S1 IgG antibodies induced by homologous and heterologous vaccination regimens. Methods: We investigated the titer of the anti-S1 IgG antibody produced for the viral surface antigen 3, 6 months after the second dose, before the third dose, and 1, 3, and 6 m
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Li, Juan, Hui Xie, Weixin Chen, et al. "Immune Persistence against SARS-CoV-2 after Primary and Booster Immunization in Humans: A Large-Scale Prospective Cohort Study." Vaccines 10, no. 10 (2022): 1677. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10101677.

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Amid the ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic, limited literature exists on immune persistence after primary immunization and the immunogenic features of booster vaccines administered at different time intervals. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the immune attenuation of neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 wild-type strain, and Delta and Omicron variants 12 months after the primary administration of the COVID-19 inactivated vaccine and evaluate the immune response after a booster administration at different time intervals. A total of 514 individuals were followed up after primar
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Nantel, Sabryna, Salma Sheikh-Mohamed, Gary Chao, et al. "Omicron Breakthrough Infection Elicits Superior Humoral and Mucosal Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 Variants than Booster Doses." Journal of Immunology 210, no. 1_Supplement (2023): 75.49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.210.supp.75.49.

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Abstract In light of ongoing booster vaccination campaigns, one recurring question is whether individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 should still receive a booster dose if they were infected after completing their primary series. We aimed to assess the intensity of functional humoral and cellular immune responses induced by breakthrough infections during the B.1.1.529 wave in Canada compared to individuals who received three doses of vaccine. Because hybrid immunity has been shown to induce particularly potent immunity, we hypothesized that breakthrough infections could induce superior immune re
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Quinn, Conrad P., Carol L. Sabourin, Jarad M. Schiffer, et al. "Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immune Responses to Alternate Booster Schedules of Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed in Humans." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 23, no. 4 (2016): 326–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00696-15.

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ABSTRACTProtective antigen (PA)-specific antibody and cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses to annual and alternate booster schedules of anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA; BioThrax) were characterized in humans over 43 months. Study participants received 1 of 6 vaccination schedules: a 3-dose intramuscular (IM) priming series (0, 1, and 6 months) with a single booster at 42 months (4-IM); 3-dose IM priming with boosters at 18 and 42 months (5-IM); 3-dose IM priming with boosters at 12, 18, 30, and 42 months (7-IM); the 1970 licensed priming series of 6 doses (0, 0.5, 1, 6, 12, and 18 months) and tw
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Parize, Perrine, Jérémie Sommé, Laura Schaeffer, et al. "Systematic Booster after Rabies Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis to Alleviate Rabies Antibody Monitoring in Individuals at Risk of Occupational Exposure." Vaccines 9, no. 4 (2021): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9040309.

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Pre-exposure rabies prophylaxis (PrEP) is recommended for people at frequent or increased risk of professional exposure to lyssavirus (including rabies virus). PrEP provides protection against unrecognized exposure. After the primary vaccination, one’s immune response against rabies may decline over time. We aimed to evaluate the immune response to rabies in individuals immunized for occupational reasons before and after a booster dose of the rabies vaccine. With this aim, we retrospectively documented factors associated with an inadequate response in individuals vaccinated for occupational pu
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Olsen, S. C., and C. Johnson. "Immune Responses and Safety after Dart or Booster Vaccination of Bison with Brucella abortus Strain RB51." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 19, no. 5 (2012): 642–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00033-12.

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ABSTRACTOne alternative for management of brucellosis in Yellowstone National Park bison (Bison bison) is vaccination of calves and yearlings. AlthoughBrucella abortusstrain RB51 vaccination protects bison against experimental challenge, the effect of booster vaccinations was unknown. This study characterized immunologic responses after dart or booster vaccination of bison withBrucella abortusstrain RB51. In two studies, 8- to 10-month-old female bison were inoculated with saline (n= 14), hand vaccinated with 1.1 × 1010to 2.0 × 1010CFU of RB51 (n= 21), or dart vaccinated with 1.8 × 1010CFU of
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Asamoah Sakyi, Samuel, Joseph Badu Gyapong, Ebenezer Krampah Aidoo, et al. "Evaluation of Immune Characteristics and Factors Associated with Immune Response following Hepatitis B Vaccination among Ghanaian Adolescents." Advances in Virology 2024 (May 24, 2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/9502939.

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Background. WHO recommends HBV-negative babies in high-prevalence (8%) countries receive anti-HBV vaccination. Ghana initiated mass immunization in 2002, but concerns remain about vaccine effectiveness and long-term protection. We evaluated immune characteristics and factors following hepatitis B vaccination among Ghanaian adolescents who received HBV vaccines. Methods. In this longitudinal cross-sectional study, 74 participants were enrolled from the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana. Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics of participants were obtained using a questionnaire. Blood samples were
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Luan, Ning, Han Cao, Yunfei Wang, Kangyang Lin, Jingping Hu, and Cunbao Liu. "Comparison of Immune Responses between Inactivated and mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines Used for a Booster Dose in Mice." Viruses 15, no. 6 (2023): 1351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15061351.

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A large amount of real-world data suggests that the emergence of variants of concern (VOCs) has brought new challenges to the fight against SARS-CoV-2 because the immune protection elicited by the existing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines was weakened. In response to the VOCs, it is necessary to advocate for the administration of booster vaccine doses to extend the effectiveness of vaccines and enhance neutralization titers. In this study, the immune effects of mRNA vaccines based on the WT (prototypic strain) and omicron (B1.1.529) strains for use as booster vaccines were investig
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He, Qiaren, Shiyu Sun, Xi Chen, et al. "The Bivalent COVID-19 Booster Immunization after Three Doses of Inactivated Vaccine Augments the Neutralizing Antibody Response against Circulating Omicron Sublineages." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 1 (2022): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010146.

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A fourth dose of a COVID-19 vaccine has been recommended by a number of authorities due to waning immunity over time and the emergence of immune-escaping variants. Here, we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of the bivalent BV-01-B5 or V-01D-351 or the prototype V-01 for heterologous boosting in three-dose inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (ICV) recipients, in comparison with ICV homologous boosting. One pilot study (NCT05583357) included 20 participants randomized at 1:1, either receiving V-01D-351 or CoronaVac. The other one (NCT05585567) recruited 36 participants randomized at 2:1, either r
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Yasmiwar Susilawati, Norisca Aliza Putriana, and Silmi Auliya Zakariya. "Review: Indonesian Herbal Ingredients as Immune Booster." Jurnal Jamu Indonesia 7, no. 1 (2022): 31–49. https://doi.org/10.29244/jji.v7i1.253.

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The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus lead to massive death counts in parts of the world, including in Indonesia. Indonesian people often use herbal medicine as a way to increase their immune system, to prevent infection, and to accelerate the healing process of COVID-19. They are used to compose herbs with several medicinal plants as ingredients. This review was aimed to provide information about immune booster herbs in Indonesia along with how to make it, its composition, its chemical contents, and how to use it in order to obtain scientific basis in understanding the efficacy and
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Toda, Masataro, Ayumi Yoshifuji, Tetsuo Nakayama, et al. "Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses after Breakthrough Infection in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis." Vaccines 11, no. 7 (2023): 1214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11071214.

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) following primary immunization (breakthrough infection) has been reported in hemodialysis patients; however, their post-infection immune status remains unclear. We evaluated the humoral and cellular immunity of hemodialysis patients after breakthrough infection. Hemodialysis patients who had received primary immunization against COVID-19 at least six months prior to the study but developed mild/moderate COVID-19 before a booster dose (breakthrough infection group) and hemodialysis patients who were not infected with COVID-19 but received a booster dose (boos
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Grüne, Barbara, Jakob Grüne, Annelene Kossow, and Christine Joisten. "Vaccination and Transmission Risk during the Outbreak of B.1.1.529 (Omicron)." Vaccines 10, no. 7 (2022): 1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10071003.

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Since its first description in November 2021, the SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern Omicron (B.1.1.529) has emerged as the dominant strain in the COVID-19 pandemic. To date, it remains unclear if boosted vaccination protects against transmission. Using data from the largest German Public Health Department, Cologne, we analyzed breakthrough infections in booster-vaccinated infected persons (IP; booster-vaccinated group (BVG); n = 202) and fully vaccinated, not boosted SARS-COV2-positive patients (>3 month after receiving the second dose; unboosted, fully vaccinated group (FVG); n = 202) to close
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Poli, Maria Cecilia, Cecilia Vial, Emma Rey-Jurado, et al. "A Third Dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Improves Immune Response in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients." Vaccines 11, no. 5 (2023): 1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11051012.

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have an increased risk of morbidity and mortality following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Vaccination in these patients is prioritized, and monitoring of the immune response is paramount to define further vaccination strategies. This prospective study included a cohort of 100 adult CKD patients: 48 with kidney transplant (KT) and 52 on hemodialysis without prior COVID-19. The patients were assessed for humoral and cellular immune responses after four months of an anti-SARS-CoV-2 primary two-dose vaccination scheme (CoronaVac or BNT162b2) and one month after a boos
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von der Schulenburg, Philippa, Georg M. N. Behrens, Markus Hoffmann, et al. "Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5 and JN.1 Variants Following XBB.1.5 Booster Vaccination in Liver Transplant Recipients." Viruses 16, no. 12 (2024): 1942. https://doi.org/10.3390/v16121942.

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Background/Objectives: The efficacy of monovalent BNT162b2 Omicron XBB.1.5 booster vaccination in liver transplant recipients (LTRs) has yet to be described, particularly regarding the immune response to emerging variants like JN.1. Methods: This study evaluated humoral and cellular immune responses in 34 liver transplant recipients (LTRs) with varying SARS-CoV-2 immune histories before and after receiving a BNT162b2 Omicron XBB.1.5 booster vaccination. The assessment involved variant-specific serology, pseudovirus neutralization tests, and Interferon-γ release assays. Results: Participants ha
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Olsen, S. C., J. L. McGill, R. E. Sacco, and S. G. Hennager. "Immune Responses of Bison and Efficacy after Booster Vaccination with Brucella abortus Strain RB51." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 22, no. 4 (2015): 440–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00746-14.

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ABSTRACTThirty-one bison heifers were randomly assigned to receive saline or a single vaccination with 1010CFU ofBrucella abortusstrain RB51. Some vaccinated bison were randomly selected for booster vaccination with RB51 at 11 months after the initial vaccination. Mean antibody responses to RB51 were greater (P< 0.05) in vaccinated bison after initial and booster vaccination than in nonvaccinated bison. The proliferative responses by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from the vaccinated bison were greater (P< 0.05) than those in the nonvaccinated bison at 16 and 24 weeks after th
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Poznanski, Sophie, Erik Slinger, Jarek Juraszek, et al. "Abstract 4876: Avidity engineered multispecific antibodies that are highly efficacious in immune cell stimulation in patient tissue and in mice: significantly improved tumor control and turning cold tumors hot." Cancer Research 85, no. 8_Supplement_1 (2025): 4876. https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2025-4876.

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Abstract Introduction: Antibodies and ADCs are mainstays in the treatment of cancer. However, given difficulties in achieving a deep and sustained response, significant improvements are desirable. We report on first in class “Booster” molecules, based on clinically validated ADCC-competent antibodies, equipped with two immunomodulatory domains that are affinity engineered to be functional only when in contact with a tumor cell. We see strong expansion and increased cytotoxicity of immune cells in the presence of cancer cells in vitro, activation of relevant immune cell types ex vivo, and reduc
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Tang, Jinyi, Arka Chaudhuri, Panke Qu, et al. "Respiratory mucosal immunity against SARS-CoV-2 after vaccination and infection." Journal of Immunology 212, no. 1_Supplement (2024): 1559_5071. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.212.supp.1559.5071.

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Abstract The current COVID-19 mRNA vaccine is effective in systemic immune memory but lacks in generating mucosal anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity. While prior SARS-CoV-2 infection establishes respiratory immunity, its strain-specific nature and limited duration pose challenges for sustained protection. Recent research has shown that hybrid immunity, a combination of vaccination and infection, results in a more robust, durable, and broadly reactive immune response in circulation compared to vaccination or infection alone. However, the characteristics and protective mechanisms of hybrid immunity in the
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Wiboonchutikul, Surasak, and Weerawat Manosuthi. "Reply: Immune response to diphtheria booster vaccination." American Journal of Infection Control 42, no. 12 (2014): 1344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2014.09.002.

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Amara, Rama Rao, Francois Villinger, John D. Altman, et al. "Control of a Mucosal Challenge and Prevention of AIDS by a Multiprotein DNA/MVA Vaccine." Science 292, no. 5514 (2001): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.292.5514.69.

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Heterologous prime/boost regimens have the potential for raising high levels of immune responses. Here we report that DNA priming followed by a recombinant modified vaccinia Ankara (rMVA) booster controlled a highly pathogenic immunodeficiency virus challenge in a rhesus macaque model. Both the DNA and rMVA components of the vaccine expressed multiple immunodeficiency virus proteins. Two DNA inoculations at 0 and 8 weeks and a single rMVA booster at 24 weeks effectively controlled an intrarectal challenge administered 7 months after the booster. These findings provide hope that a relatively si
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Martin, Olivia, Yang Song, Sean Daugherty, Rezwan Wahidrcelo B. Sztein, and Claire M. Fraser. "10061 Assessing immunogenicity of an Ebola vaccine in humans using a systems biology approach." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 5, s1 (2021): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2021.626.

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ABSTRACT IMPACT: Understanding gene expression changes after viral vaccination and booster may help predict vaccine efficacy. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Utilize a systems biology approach to identify gene expression changes after administration of Zaire Ebola virus glycoprotein expressed in a Chimp Adeno3 vector (ChAd3-EBOZ) and either boosted ˜7 weeks later with modified vaccinia Ankara MVA expressing Zaire and Marburg GPs plus Tai forest NP (MVA-BN ®Filo) or given saline (placebo). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: As part of the phase 1b, open-label vaccination trial of ChAd3-EBO-Z in Mali, West Africa, per
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Clémenceau, Béatrice, Amandine Le Bourgeois, Thierry Guillaume, et al. "Strong SARS-CoV-2 T-Cell Responses after One or Two COVID-19 Vaccine Boosters in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Recipients." Cells 11, no. 19 (2022): 3010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11193010.

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A full exploration of immune responses is deserved after anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and boosters, especially in the context of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Although several reports indicate successful humoral responses in such patients, the literature is scarce on cellular specific immunity. Here, both B- (antibodies) and T-cell responses were explored after one (V3 n = 40) or two (V4 n = 12) BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine boosters in 52 allo-HSCT recipients at a median of 755 days post-transplant (<1 year n = 9). Results were compared with those of 12 controls wh
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Stickings, Paul, Marisa Peyre, Laura Coombes, et al. "Transcutaneous Immunization with Cross-Reacting Material CRM197 of Diphtheria Toxin Boosts Functional Antibody Levels in Mice Primed Parenterally with Adsorbed Diphtheria Toxoid Vaccine." Infection and Immunity 76, no. 4 (2008): 1766–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00797-07.

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ABSTRACT Transcutaneous immunization (TCI) capitalizes on the accessibility and immunocompetence of the skin, elicits protective immunity, simplifies vaccine delivery, and may be particularly advantageous when frequent boosting is required. In this study we examined the potential of TCI to boost preexisting immune responses to diphtheria in mice. The cross-reacting material (CRM197) of diphtheria toxin was used as the boosting antigen and was administered alone or together with either one of two commonly used mucosal adjuvants, cholera toxin (CT) and a partially detoxified mutant of heat-labil
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Feng, Guangwei, Ming Shao, Jianfeng Wang, et al. "Immune Persistence following Primary Immunization and the Immunogenicity and Safety of a Booster Dose of a Multidose Sabin Strain-Based Inactivated Polio Vaccine in Infants Aged 18 Months." Vaccines 12, no. 2 (2024): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12020123.

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Background: The multidose Sabin-strain inactivated poliovirus vaccine (sIPV) has the potential to significantly aid in the eradication of poliomyelitis, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. As part of a phase III clinical trial in which infants were given three doses of primary immunization at 2, 3, and 4 months of age, this study aimed to evaluate immune persistence following primary immunization, as well as the safety and immunogenicity of a booster of the 5-dose sIPV in infants aged 18 months. Methods: Infants aged 18 months were given one booster dose of 5-dose sIPV in stage o
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Wang, Ruihuan, Xueting Fan, Da Xu, et al. "Comparison of the Immunogenicity and Efficacy of rBCG-EPCP009, BCG Prime-EPCP009 Booster, and EPCP009 Protein Regimens as Tuberculosis Vaccine Candidates." Vaccines 11, no. 12 (2023): 1738. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11121738.

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Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) is the only widely used prophylactic tuberculosis (TB) vaccine that can prevent severe TB in infants. However, it provides poor protection in adults, and therefore, there is ongoing research into new TB vaccines and immunization strategies with more durable immune effects. The recombinant BCG and BCG prime-protein booster are two important vaccine strategies that have recently been developed based on BCG and could improve immune responses. In this study, three immune strategies based on four protective antigens, namely, ESAT-6, CFP-10, nPPE18, and nPstS1, were ap
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Solforosi, Laura, Lea M. M. Costes, Jeroen T. B. M. Tolboom, et al. "Booster with Ad26.COV2.S or Omicron-adapted vaccine enhanced immunity and efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron in macaques." Nature Communications 14, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-37715-2.

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AbstractOmicron spike (S) encoding vaccines as boosters, are a potential strategy to improve COVID-19 vaccine efficacy against Omicron. Here, macaques (mostly females) previously immunized with Ad26.COV2.S, are boosted with Ad26.COV2.S, Ad26.COV2.S.529 (encoding Omicron BA.1 S) or a 1:1 combination of both vaccines. All booster vaccinations elicit a rapid antibody titers increase against WA1/2020 and Omicron S. Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 antibody responses are most effectively boosted by vaccines including Ad26.COV2.S.529. Independent of vaccine used, mostly WA1/2020-reactive or WA1/2020-Omicron BA
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