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Journal articles on the topic 'Immune-related adverse effect'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 21 September 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Bangalore Kumar, Anagha, Alan Bryce, Prakash Vishnu, Svetomir Markovic, and Marian McEvoy. "Associations of Cutaneous Immune-Related Adverse Effects of Immunotherapy With Treatment Response in Patients With Metastatic Melanoma." SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine 5, no. 2 (2021): 108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.25251/skin.5.2.5.

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Background: Dermatologic toxicity is the most common immune-related adverse effect of cancer immunotherapy. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the health records of adult (≥18 years) melanoma patients who received ipilimumab, nivolumab, or pembrolizumab from January 1, 2011, through September 15, 2017, at Mayo Clinic. The χ2 test was used to assess the association between development of a cutaneous immune-related adverse effect and antitumoral response to the immune checkpoint inhibitors. Odds ratios were calculated with logistic regression models and were adjusted for sex and immunoth

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Williams, Kiersten J., Dennis W. Grauer, David W. Henry, and Michelle L. Rockey. "Corticosteroids for the management of immune-related adverse events in patients receiving checkpoint inhibitors." Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice 25, no. 3 (2017): 544–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078155217744872.

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Introduction Due to enhanced T-cell activity, immune checkpoint inhibitors cause immune-related adverse effects. Corticosteroids are the mainstay of immune-related adverse effect management but the optimal strategy has not been determined, putting patients at risk for steroid-related adverse effects and potentially decreased efficacy of immunotherapy. This study aims to characterize the use of corticosteroids for the management of immune-related adverse effect. Methods and materials A retrospective, single-center evaluation of patients receiving checkpoint inhibitors was conducted. The primary

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Muir, Christopher A., Roderick J. Clifton-Bligh, Georgina V. Long, et al. "Thyroid Immune-related Adverse Events Following Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 106, no. 9 (2021): e3704-e3713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgab263.

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Abstract Context Thyroid dysfunction occurs commonly following immune checkpoint inhibition. The etiology of thyroid immune-related adverse events (irAEs) remains unclear and clinical presentation can be variable. Objective This study sought to define thyroid irAEs following immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment and describe their clinical and biochemical associations. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of thyroid dysfunction in patients with melanoma undergoing cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and/or programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) based ICI treatment from

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Lima, Gian, Adriana Kahn, Shashank Sama, and Jacqueline Savage. "Aseptic Meningitis as an Immune-Related Adverse Event after Pembrolizumab." Case Reports in Oncological Medicine 2019 (November 4, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7183747.

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Introduction. The management of patients with advanced malignancies is challenging, although recent advances with immunotherapy have shown better outcomes. Pembrolizumab has been associated with a variety of immune-related side effects, but the occurrence of aseptic meningitis is rare. Case. A 55-year-old male with a history of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma previously treated with pembrolizumab presented with persistent severe headaches and photophobia. Subsequent workup with cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed elevated opening pressure, increased nucleated cells with 30% lymphocytes, elevate

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Bansal, Aditi, Ankur Singla, Davinder Paul, and Sukhjot Kaur. "Pembrolizumab-induced lichen planus: A rare immune-related adverse side effect." Indian Dermatology Online Journal 14, no. 3 (2023): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/idoj.idoj_377_22.

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Kim, Won Myung, Mun Su Park, Dong Hyun Seo, Jung Yun Lee, and Jung Yoon Pyo. "Immune-related Adverse Effect after BNT162b2 Vaccination with Parallel Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: A Case Report." Korean Journal of Medicine 98, no. 2 (2023): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3904/kjm.2023.98.2.93.

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COVID-19 vaccination is essential in cancer patients. However, there is limited evidence of the prognosis of these patients, especially for those taking immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). We present a patient on pembrolizumab for advanced endometrioid adenocarcinoma experiencing continuous diarrhea and subsequent episodes of fever with pain in multiple joints following a second dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. An ICI-induced immune-related adverse effect (irAE) was the main diagnosis; cytokine release syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis were also considered. Notably, the novel irAE

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Brinzevich, Daria, Virginia Falvello, Michael D. Green, and Alex Bryant. "Impact of commonly prescribed medications on immune-related adverse events." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, no. 16_suppl (2024): e14704-e14704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.e14704.

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e14704 Background: Commonly used medications may have immune modulating properties that affect the risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Methods: We identified 27,998 patients who received ICI from 2010 to 2023 in the national Veterans Affairs system, matched to 66,488 historical control patients treated with non-ICI systemic therapies. We extracted medication usage in the year before therapy start. We used propensity-weighted Cox regression analysis to assess the effect of each medication on severe irAE (treatment with prolonged course

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Ou, Qiyun, Yunfang Yu, Haitao Zhong, et al. "Association of immune-related adverse events with immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in pancancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (2019): e14087-e14087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e14087.

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e14087 Background: Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have been shown to be associated with the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with advanced cancer, but the reported effect sizes have varied greatly in previous trials. We did a meta-analysis to assess immune checkpoint inhibitors efficacy and further explored the correlation of irAEs with efficacy in cancer. Methods: We systematically searched database inception to January, 2019 for randomized trials of immune checkpoint inhibitor in patients with advanced cancer that had available data for overall survival (OS) and pr

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Hamatake, Kiyonori, and Kazuaki Kojima. "Initiatives for immune-related adverse events by the outpatient pharmacist clinic." Trends in Immunotherapy 6, no. 1 (2022): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/ti.v6.i1.1385.

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Early detection is the key in managing side effects because immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are becoming more serious, and their onset time differs. In our hospital, we conducted an outpatient pharmacist clinic for early detection of irAEs by self-care practice for the cases of immune checkpoint inhibitor administration. As a result of a retrospective survey of 207 cases, the percentage of irAEs found by pharmacist’s suggestion of the outpatient pharmacist clinic increased over time, and a high detection ratio was obtained even for irAEs with a late onset time. The incidence of serious i

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Elsayed, Manar, and Carrie Ye. "Osteoporotic fractures: an unrecognized adverse event of immune checkpoint inhibitors?" Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 12, no. 7 (2024): e009309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2024-009309.

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The widespread use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in clinical practice has broadened our understanding of their immune-related adverse events (irAEs). IrAEs, including musculoskeletal adverse events, remain a significant concern. While ICI-associated arthritis is a well-documented musculoskeletal side effect of ICI therapy, the direct effects of ICIs on bone in patients with cancer are poorly understood. There is emerging evidence to support the hypothesis that ICIs adversely impact bone turnover and can lead to osteoporosis and fragility fractures, which are not currently recognized a

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Zagidullina, E. R., V. B. Kaliberdenko, E. R. Kulieva, et al. "Adverse reactions of immune checkpoint inhibitors." Medical Immunology (Russia) 27, no. 3 (2025): 485–500. https://doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-aro-3191.

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Our objective was to consider the adverse reactions associated with usage of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). The literature review includes a search for scientific papers from the databases PubMed, Embase, eLibrary, CyberLeninka and Web of Science, CNKI and MEDLINE by the following keywords: “immune checkpoint inhibitors”, “immune-mediated adverse events”, “immune checkpoints”, “antitumor therapy”, “immune system”, “side effects”. Over the past decade, the discovery of immune checkpoints followed by development of appropriate inhibitors have provided breakthrough advances in cancer treatme

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El Bitar, Sandy, Chanudi Weerasinghe, Elie El-Charabaty, and Marcel Odaimi. "Renal Tubular Acidosis an Adverse Effect of PD-1 Inhibitor Immunotherapy." Case Reports in Oncological Medicine 2018 (2018): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8408015.

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Immune checkpoint blockade therapy is gaining popularity among oncologists for treatment of solid and hematologic malignancies. The widespread use of these agents resulted in increasing incidence of renal immune-related adverse events. Reported renal toxicity described so far includes acute interstitial nephritis, minimal change disease, and immune complex glomerulonephritis. We report the case of a 79-year-old female with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer on anti-PD-1 therapy nivolumab. After the 4th administration of nivolumab, the treatment course was complicated with normal anion gap m

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Sakai, Miho, Yuki Haga, Michiyo Kambe, et al. "A case of immune-related adverse effect diffuse gastritis induced by nivolumab." Progress of Digestive Endoscopy 98, no. 1 (2021): 91–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11641/pde.98.1_91.

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Margiotta, Philip, Mario Caldararo, Daniel Altman, et al. "Effect of pretreatment steroids on the development of immune related adverse events." Journal of Clinical Oncology 36, no. 15_suppl (2018): e15095-e15095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2018.36.15_suppl.e15095.

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Gleeson, Ferga C., Katie A. Dunleavy, Michael J. Levy, et al. "Incidence and Effect Duration of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Pancreas Adverse Events." Pancreas 53, no. 7 (2024): e627-e629. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mpa.0000000000002337.

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Osataphan, Soravis, Yu Jen Jan, Katherine A. Stafford, and Prudence B. Lam. "Effect of excess weight on immune-related adverse events from immune checkpoint inhibitor in lung cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): e21183-e21183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e21183.

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e21183 Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective therapies for advanced lung cancer however they are also associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Obesity has been shown to be correlated with both ICIs’ anti-tumor efficacy particularly in melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, there have been conflicting reports between the relationship between BMI and the incidence of irAEs. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on the use of immune checkpoint inhibitor in advance lung cancer from Mount Auburn Hospital, a community-based teachi

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Hunting, John, Eric Olson, Andrew Thomas Faucheux, et al. "Effects of pre-treatment on odds of immune-related adverse events." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, no. 16_suppl (2024): 2540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.2540.

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2540 Background: For many tumor types, there is an option to start an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) at the time of diagnosis or to sequence ICI after chemotherapies or targeted therapies. The risk of immune-related adverse events (irAE) may vary by the line of therapy. Prior systemic therapies might release cancer epitopes and increase the risk of an irAE through awakened subclinical autoimmunity. Conversely, prior systemic therapies may lead to residual immunosuppression and reduce the risk of irAEs. Methods: We created an IRB-approved retrospective registry of all patients who received a

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Rathmann, Joerg, James J. Vredenburgh, Racha Demesropian, et al. "Cancer-immune checkpoint inhibition and autoimmune-related adverse events." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 8_suppl (2019): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.8_suppl.107.

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107 Background: Immunotherapies effect adaptive or innate immune responses. Programmed-death 1 (PD-1), a cell surface protein on activated T cells, which, when bound to its ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2, inhibits T-cell activation. Inhibition can be associated with complicating immune-related adverse events (IRAEs). Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are FDA approved for advanced NSCLC. Study aims: (1) determine if the use of ICIs nivolumab (N) and pembrolizumab (P) is associated with development of autoimmune diabetes and thyroid disease and (2) determine the impact of (N) and (P) on pre-existing

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Zyablova, E. I., L. N. Nefedova, and V. A. Porkhanov. "Radiological Imaging of Adverse Events to Immunotherapy." Journal of oncology: diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy 3, no. 3 (2020): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37174/2587-7593-2020-3-3-44-53.

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At present, immunotherapy is successfully used for the treatment of multiple malignant diseases, especially in the late stages of metastatic tumors, which until now, were difficult to treat using standards protocols. Positive therapeutic effects of immunotherapy were demonstrated in treatment of many common oncological diseases. However, despite the expressed positive effect, in some patients immunotherapy can demonstrate non-typical forms of the answer. To establish accurate diagnosis it is necessary to know radiological manifestations of immune-related adverse events (irAE), mainly, immune-m

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Fragulidis, Georgios, Eirini Pantiora, Vasiliki Michalaki, et al. "Immune-related intestinal pseudo-obstruction associated with nivolumab treatment in a lung cancer patient." Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice 25, no. 2 (2017): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078155217738325.

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Immune checkpoint inhibition therapy using targeted monoclonal antibodies is a new therapeutic approach with significant survival benefit for patients with several cancer types. However, their use can be associated with unique immune-related adverse effects as a consequence of impaired self-tolerance due to loss of T-cell inhibition via a nonselective activation of the immune system. Nivolumab is an anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor that was recently developed for cancer immunotherapy with remarkable responses in nonsmall cell lung cancer patients. We present a 62-year-old Caucasian male w

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Cautha, Sandhya, Kevin R. Jain, Pravash Budhathoki, et al. "The study of immune-related adverse events in a community-based centre." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, no. 16_suppl (2023): 2642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.2642.

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2642 Background: The effectiveness of immunotherapy is often hindered by the development of immune-related adverse events (IrAE). Racial minorities were under-represented in the key clinical trials that led to the approval of different immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). In this study, we explore the side effect profile of immune checkpoint inhibitors in our patient population that comprises almost entirely of minorities, mostly African Americans (AA) and Hispanics. We hypothesize that due to race-based differences in immune milieu of the body and disease susceptibility, the timing and severit

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Liu, Mingyue, Xu Wang, Peng Zhang, et al. "813 CD24Fc ameliorates immune-related adverse events while preserving anti-tumor therapeutic effect." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 9, Suppl 2 (2021): A849. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-sitc2021.813.

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BackgroundCombination therapy with anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 mAbs has emerged as the most potent and durable cancer immunotherapy, yet it is associated with frequent and severe immune-related adverse events (irAEs).1 2 A largely unmet medical need is to reduce irAEs. The CD24–Siglec 10/G interaction is an emerging immune checkpoint that regulates inflammation caused by danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).3–5 It is of great interest to investigate whether CD24Fc can ameliorate severe irAEs, the hallmark of which is a severe inflammatory state in multiple organs.MethodsWe used a human C

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Gleeson, Ferga C., Lisa Kottschade, Katie A. Dunleavy, et al. "Tu1420 INCIDENCE AND EFFECT DURATION OF IMMUNE CHECKPOINT INHIBITOR RELATED PANCREAS ADVERSE EVENTS." Gastroenterology 164, no. 6 (2023): S—1049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(23)03438-8.

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Gandhi, Shipra, Manu Pandey, Nischala Ammannagari, et al. "Impact of concomitant medication use and immune-related adverse events on response to immune checkpoint inhibitors." Immunotherapy 12, no. 2 (2020): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/imt-2019-0064.

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Aim: Patients receiving checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) are frequently on other medications for co-morbidities. We explored the impact of concomitant medication use on outcomes. Materials & methods: 210 metastatic cancer patients on CPI were identified and association between concomitant medication use and immune-related adverse events with clinical outcomes was determined. Results: Aspirin, metformin, β-blockers and statins were not shown to have any statistically significant difference on clinical benefit. 26.3% patients with clinical benefit developed rash versus 11.8% without clinical bene

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Rai, Manoj P., Prabhjot Singh Bedi, Rohanlal Vishwanth, Fawzi Abu Rous, Shiva Shrotriya, and Prajwal Dhakal. "Immune-related adverse events in melanoma: A nationwide analysis 2016." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (2019): e18253-e18253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.e18253.

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e18253 Background: Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer. Immunotherapy is currently used as a first-line treatment for unresectable metastatic disease. Combination immunotherapy has been shown to improve overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to single-agent immunotherapy. However, immunotherapy related adverse events (irAE's) are being increasingly seen. This study analyses the incidence of irAE's and the variation in the length of stay, and mortality. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort analysis of the 2016 NIS database. We identi

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Shalata, Walid, Sarah Weissmann, Sapir Itzhaki Gabay, et al. "A Retrospective, Single-Institution Experience of Bullous Pemphigoid as an Adverse Effect of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors." Cancers 14, no. 21 (2022): 5451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14215451.

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a class of cancer treatment drugs that stimulate the immune system’s ability to fight tumor cells. These drugs are monoclonal antibodies targeting im-mune-inhibiting proteins on cancer cells, such as CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1. Immune checkpoint inhibitors cause many immune-related adverse events. Cutaneous toxicities are of the most common adverse effects and occur with a range of severity. Bullous Pemphigoid is a rare adverse event with a high impact on quality of life that may occur after immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment. In this article, we investigate curr

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Kulkarni, Ajinkya, Mrunal Kulkarni, Vinay Edlukudige Keshava, Rithikaa Ellangovan, and Rajesh Thirumaran. "Awareness of immune-related adverse events among medical residents in a community hospital." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (2020): e15154-e15154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e15154.

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e15154 Background: Immunotherapy has paved the way for new frontiers in the management of certain advanced cancers. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have substantially improved prognosis in patients with advanced malignancy. Primary targets for ICIs include programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1), programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4(CTLA-4). These treatments have a wide range of adverse effects distinct from traditional chemotherapy regimens. We conducted a survey to assess the awareness of immune-related adverse events (IRAE) among medical

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Luo, Jia, Jason Beattie, Paige Fuentes, et al. "Beyond steroids: Immunosuppressants in steroid-refractory/resistant immune related adverse events." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): 9092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.9092.

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9092 Background: The optimal management for immune related adverse events (irAEs) in patients who do not respond or become intolerant to steroids is unclear. Guidelines suggest additional immunosuppressants based on case reports and expert opinion. Methods: We examined patients with advanced lung cancers at MSK treated with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) from 2011-2020. Pharmacy records were queried to identify patients who received systemic steroids as well as an additional immunosuppressant (eg TNFα inhibitor, mycophenolate mofetil). Patient records were manually reviewed to examine baseli

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Mubarik, Yusif, Shadrach Tetteh Boyetey, Anastasia Rosebud Aikins, and Mohamed Mutocheluh. "Effect of Ochratoxin A (OTA) on the Immune System: A Systematic Review." Toxins 17, no. 5 (2025): 256. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins17050256.

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Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin with different adverse health effects. The authors conducted a systematic review to evaluate the effects of OTA on the immune system, with more emphasis on its effects on immune system organs, innate and adaptive immunity and related signaling pathways. Studies have demonstrated that exposure to OTA disrupts the functions of immune system organs, resulting in weight loss, histological lesions and a decrease in antibody-secreting cells. There is evidence that OTA impairs epithelial barrier integrity and macrophage function and induces elevated secretion of pro-

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Khalid, Ahmed Bilal, Shadia Ibrahim Jalal, and Greg Andrew Durm. "Physician awareness of immune-related adverse events from checkpoint inhibitors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (2022): 6571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.6571.

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6571 Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been one of the most significant developments in Oncology over the last decade. Despite being very effective for certain patient subsets, they have a unique side effect profile different from conventional chemotherapy that can manifest as immune-related adverse events (IRAEs). With increasing ICI use, clinicians will increasingly encounter these adverse events and thus, adequate knowledge on recognition and management of IRAEs is very important. Methods: To assess physician knowledge on IRAEs of ICIs, an online survey was administered t

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Khalid, Ahmed Bilal, Shadia Ibrahim Jalal, and Greg Andrew Durm. "Physician awareness of immune-related adverse events from checkpoint inhibitors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (2022): 6571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.6571.

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6571 Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been one of the most significant developments in Oncology over the last decade. Despite being very effective for certain patient subsets, they have a unique side effect profile different from conventional chemotherapy that can manifest as immune-related adverse events (IRAEs). With increasing ICI use, clinicians will increasingly encounter these adverse events and thus, adequate knowledge on recognition and management of IRAEs is very important. Methods: To assess physician knowledge on IRAEs of ICIs, an online survey was administered t

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Jiang, Ning, Yue Yu, Dawei Wu, et al. "Association between germ-line HLA and immune-related adverse events." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (2022): 2658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.2658.

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2658 Background: In recent years, great progress has been made in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), opening a new chapter for cancer treatment. However, accompanied by remarkable efficacy, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) also arose. Though some pilot studies have explored the possible factors that may influence the development of irAEs, the mechanism of irAEs remains unclear. Previous studies indicated a positive association between certain HLA types and irAEs. To uncover the relationship between irAEs and divergent HLA types, we initiated a large cohort study. Methods: We screened 62

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Soman, Biji, Maria Cecilia Dias, Syed Azhar J. Rizvi, and Attila Kardos. "Myasthenia gravis, myositis and myocarditis: a fatal triad of immune-related adverse effect of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment." BMJ Case Reports 15, no. 12 (2022): e251966. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2022-251966.

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Pembrolizumab, a humanised monoclonal antibody and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) that blocks programmed death receptor 1 and its ligands, is an effective immunotherapy for malignancies such asmelanoma, lung, head and neck, cancers, and Hodgkin’s lymphoma. It has an overall response rate between 73% and 83%, with complete response rate of 27%–30%. It is well tolerated with minor side effects in 70% of cases characterised by fatigue, rash, pruritus and diarrhoea. In rare cases, more serious and life-threatening complications can occur at a rate of 0.3%–1.3%. We report a case of a woman in he

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Inagaki, Yuichiro, Hirofumi Yokota, Yuki Takeuchi, et al. "The therapeutic effect and immune-related adverse event of nivolmab in Anjo Kosei Hospital." Annals of Oncology 30 (October 2019): vi135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdz343.079.

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Rahman, Md Mominur, Tapan Behl, Md Rezaul Islam, et al. "Emerging Management Approach for the Adverse Events of Immunotherapy of Cancer." Molecules 27, no. 12 (2022): 3798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27123798.

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Immunotherapy, which stimulates the body’s immune system, has received a considerable amount of press in recent years because of its powerful benefits. Cancer immunotherapy has shown long-term results in patients with advanced disease that are not seen with traditional chemotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, cytokines like interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon-alpha (IFN), and the cancer vaccine sipuleucel-T have all been licensed and approved by the FDA for the treatment of various cancers. These immunotherapy treatments boost anticancer responses by stimulating the immune system. As a resu

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Eghbali, Shabnam, and Cathy Eng. "Solid tumor–specific patterns of immune-related adverse events due to immune checkpoint inhibitor." Journal of Clinical Oncology 43, no. 16_suppl (2025): 2648. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2025.43.16_suppl.2648.

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2648 Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are the backbone of therapy for several solid tumors; however, they have a unique toxicity profile that may limit treatment. The objective of this systematic review was to identify differences in type and frequency of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) across solid tumors. Methods: Using PubMed, we identified registrational phase 2 and 3 clinical trials of ICI-based therapy (i.e., single agent immunotherapy (single I/O), single I/O plus chemotherapy, single I/O plus kinase inhibitor, double immunotherapy combination (double I/O), double I

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Nakai, Masahiro, Yoshiro Kai, Kentaro Suzuki, et al. "A case of perforated immune-related colitis complicated by cytomegalovirus infection during treatment of immune-related adverse effect in lung cancer immunotherapy." Respiratory Medicine Case Reports 41 (2023): 101794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmcr.2022.101794.

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Chang, Michael, Nira A. Krasnow, Amy E. Blum, et al. "Relationship between insurance status and diagnosis of cutaneous immune-related adverse events." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): e18535-e18535. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e18535.

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e18535 Background: Cutaneous immune-related adverse events (cirAEs) are among the most common side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. While insurance status has been shown to influence outcomes in patients treated with ICIs, its impact on cirAE management remains underexplored. We therefore evaluated insurance status in patients with cirAEs, examining its effect on rate of and time to cirAE diagnosis. Methods: Using billing data, we retrospectively identified patients who initiated anti-PD-1/PDL-1 and/or anti-CTLA-4 therapy at Massachusetts General Hospital between January 1

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Wang, Jun, Xinyue Han, Yingcui Chen, et al. "Organ-specific immune-related adverse events and survival in patients with cancer with immune checkpoint inhibitors." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, no. 16_suppl (2024): 12124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.12124.

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12124 Background: Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can lead to immune-related adverse events (irAEs). This study was designed to assess whether the occurrence of irAEs or different irAE characteristics correlates with survival outcomes in advanced cancer patients treated with ICIs. Methods: This cohort study included a panel of patients with advanced cancer who received ICI therapy at a single institute. Kaplan‒Meier curves were generated to describe progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with irAEs or specific irAE characteristics. Results:

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Wanchoo, Rimda, Sabine Karam, Nupur N. Uppal, et al. "Adverse Renal Effects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Narrative Review." American Journal of Nephrology 45, no. 2 (2017): 160–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000455014.

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Background: Cancer immunotherapy, such as anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1), has revolutionized the treatment of malignancies by engaging the patient's own immune system against the tumor rather than targeting the cancer directly. These therapies have demonstrated a significant benefit in the treatment of melanomas and other cancers. Summary: In order to provide an extensive overview of the renal toxicities induced by these agents, a Medline search was conducted of published literature related to ipilimumab-, pembrolizumab-, and nivolu

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Kaszycki, Margaret A., and Jonathan Leventhal. "Review of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Radiotherapy Related Skin Toxicities." Journal of Dermatology and Skin Science 3, no. 3 (2021): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29245/2767-5092/2021/3.1140.

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer therapy, and their use in combination with radiation therapy (RT) has become increasingly utilized to optimize positive outcomes. The cutaneous adverse reactions from RT as well as ICIs are both well documented; however, in combination these cutaneous toxicities can be exacerbated. ICIs and RT may work synergistically to create an enhanced immune response against the tumor cells. This synergistic effect has been reported to occur both locally at the site of RT, as well as systemically via an abscopal effect. Fortunately, this combi

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Nardi Agmon, Inbar, Osnat Itzhaki Ben Zadok, and Ran Kornowski. "The Potential Cardiotoxicity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 3 (2022): 865. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11030865.

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The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as a mono- or adjuvant oncologic treatment is rapidly expanding to most fields of cancer. Alongside their efficacy, ICIs carry the risk of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) arising from misguided immune-mediated response to normal tissues. In the cardiovascular system, the cardiac toxicity of ICIs has been primarily related to the development of an acute, immune-mediated myocarditis; beyond this potentially fatal complication, evidence of an increased risk of cardiovascular events and accelerated atherosclerosis is emerging, as well as reports

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Jamal, Shahin, Marie Hudson, Aurore Fifi-Mah, and Carrie Ye. "Immune-related Adverse Events Associated with Cancer Immunotherapy: A Review for the Practicing Rheumatologist." Journal of Rheumatology 47, no. 2 (2019): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.190084.

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized cancer therapy by blocking inhibitory pathways of the immune system to fight cancer cells. Their use is often limited by the development of autoimmune toxicities, which can affect multiple organ systems and are referred to as immune-related adverse events (irAE). Among these are rheumatologic irAE, including inflammatory arthritis, myositis, vasculitis, and others. Rheumatologic irAE seem to be different from irAE in other organs and from traditional autoimmune diseases in that they can occur early or have delayed onset, and can persist chronica

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Reid, Pankti, Daniel Olson, and Thomas Gajewski. "Assessing the effect of immunosuppressive agents for immune-related adverse event management on tumor response." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (2020): 3066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.3066.

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3066 Background: High grade immune-related adverse events (irAEs) to cancer immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) require considerable immunosuppression (IS) with high-dose steroids and steroid-sparing IS (SSIS) for steroid-dependent cases. T lymphocyte-specific IS has generally been avoided or used with significant caution due to the fear that these agents may negatively impact ICI efficacy. We sought to determine whether T cell-specific IS agents, such as calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), have an adverse effect on tumor control when compared to other immunomodulatory drugs (IMDs). Methods: We retr

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Shivaji, Uday N., Louisa Jeffery, Xianyong Gui, et al. "Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated gastrointestinal and hepatic adverse events and their management." Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology 12 (January 2019): 175628481988419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1756284819884196.

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Background: Drug-induced colitis is a known complication of therapies that alter the immune balance, damage the intestinal barrier or disturb intestinal microbiota. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) directed against cancer cells may result in activated T lymphocyte-induced immune-related adverse events (AEs), including immune-related colitis and hepatitis. The aim of this review article is to summarize the incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) and hepatic AEs related to ICI therapy. We have also looked at the pathogenesis of immune-mediated AEs and propose management strategies based on current

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Prokopiuk, Agata, Adrianna Tabeau, Agnieszka Pawlik, et al. "The Impact of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors on Fertility Preservation and Pregnancy Outcomes." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 81 (May 2, 2025): 60024. https://doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2025.81.60024.

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized cancer treatment by enhancing anti-tumor immune responses. However, their impact on fertility is an emerging concern, particularly among young patients, including children. This review aims to assess the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors on reproductive health and fertility preservation strategies. Immune checkpoint inhibitors may cause endocrine-related adverse effects, such as hypophysitis, thyroid dysfunction, and adrenal insufficiency, which can disrupt gonadal function. In women, these therapies may reduce ovarian reserve, impair ovul

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Kumar, Arvind, Arun Raja, and Dipika Narayan. "Effect and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic lung cancer: A retrospective study." Bioinformation 21, no. 03 (2025): 534–37. https://doi.org/10.6026/973206300210534.

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Cancer is a major global public health issue. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are increasingly used for managing advanced malignancies. However, their effect is limited by immune-related adverse events. Hence, a retrospective, single-institutional study found a 60% clinical benefit ratio among 30 patients receiving Immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy. Nonetheless, a small sample size, patient heterogeneity and retrospective design require further validation for more conclusive results.

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Nasca, Vincenzo, Francesco Barretta, Francesca Corti, et al. "Association of immune-related adverse events with the outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with dMMR/MSI-H metastatic colorectal cancer." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 11, no. 1 (2023): e005493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2022-005493.

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BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show a tremendous activity in microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), but a consistent fraction of patients does not respond. Prognostic/predictive markers are needed. Despite previous investigations in other tumor types, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have not been well evaluated in patients with MSI-H cancers treated with ICIs.MethodsWe conducted an international cohort study at tertiary cancer centers collecting clinic-pathological features from 331 patients with MSI-H mCRC treated with ICIs. Of note,

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Tanimura, Keiko, Tadaaki Yamada, Yusuke Chihara, et al. "The Impact of Immune-related Adverse Events on the Effect of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer." Haigan 59, no. 2 (2019): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2482/haigan.59.128.

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Sharma, Nitika, Prashanti Atluri, Chipman Robert Geoffrey Stroud, et al. "Immune related adverse events (irAEs): A unique profile based on tumor type." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (2017): e14606-e14606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e14606.

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e14606 Background: Immune checkpoint blockade(ICB) has revolutionized the treatment of a growing number of malignancies. Real world administration of oncolytics is often associated with increased adverse event rates versus what is demonstrated in clinical trials. Whether the tumor biology, site of disease burden or underlying organ dysfunction dictates the differing immune side effect profile in various malignancies remains to be understood. Methods: The incidence of grade 2-4 irAE was abstracted from medical records of all patients (pts) treated with ICB (ipilimumab and/or nivolumab) from 201

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