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Journal articles on the topic 'Immunisation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Hull, Brynley P., and Peter B. McIntyre. "Re-evaluation of immunisation coverage estimates from the Australian Childhood Immunisation Register." Communicable Diseases Intelligence 24 (June 30, 2000): 161–64. https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2000.24.25.

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Immunisation coverage reporting using data from the Australian Childhood Immunisation Register is likely to underestimate immunisation uptake. Since 1997, several initiatives have been introduced to improve both immunisation uptake and notification of immunisation encounters. These initiatives seemed likely to have changed previous coverage estimates. Recalculation of immunisation coverage estimates for the previously reported cohorts was undertaken. This used current Australian Childhood Immunisation Register data - especially the immunisation history form and the impact of catch-up immunisat

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Skirrow, Helen, Charlotte Flynn, Abigail Heller, Catherine Heffernan, Sandra Mounier-Jack, and Tracey Chantler. "Delivering routine immunisations in London during the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons for future vaccine delivery. A mixed-methods study." BJGP Open 5, no. 4 (2021): BJGPO.2021.0021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgpo.2021.0021.

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BackgroundGeneral practices in England have continued to care for patients throughout the COVID-19 pandemic by instigating major changes to service delivery. Immunisations have continued, although the number of vaccines delivered initially dropped in April 2020.AimTo evaluate how COVID-19 impacted the delivery of immunisations in London and identify innovative practices to inform future delivery, including for COVID-19 vaccines.Design & settingA mixed-methods study of immunisation delivery in London, UK.MethodAn online survey of London general practices was undertaken in May 2020 to produc

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Zompa, Tenzin, Sandra Mary Abraham, Tenzin Tseten, et al. "Incidence and prevention of post-immunisation bleeding complications in people with haemophilia at a treatment centre in India." Journal of Haemophilia Practice 12, no. 1 (2025): 57–64. https://doi.org/10.2478/jhp-2025-0007.

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Abstract Background Haemophilia is an inherited bleeding disorder characterised by a deficiency in coagulation factors, leading to an increased risk of bleeding, including after procedures such as immunisation. While immunisation is crucial for preventing infectious diseases, it poses a bleeding risk in people with haemophilia, particularly when administered intramuscularly. Aims This study aims to assess the incidence of bleeding complications following immunisation and the use of prophylactic measures among people with haemophilia (PwH) at a haemophilia treatment centre (HTC) in Manipal, Ind

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Mori, Kazusa, Konosuke Otomaru, Toshihide Kato, Osamu Yokota, and Hiromichi Ohtsuka. "Field trial of antibody response to inactivated bacterial vaccine in young Holstein calves: influence of animal health status." Journal of Veterinary Research 66, no. 1 (2022): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2022-0003.

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Abstract Introduction Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is one of the primary causes of death in young calves. Vaccination against infection by the common bacteria causing BRD is possible; however, the physical condition of the young calves that enables antibody production when stimulated by early immunisation remains to be elucidated. Material and Methods Healthy young female Holstein calves on a commercial dairy farm were fed a colostrum replacer and administered primary and booster immunisations with an inactivated vaccine against the bacterial pneumonia agents Histophilus somni, Pasteurella

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Reeve, Carole, Stephanie De La Rue, Dennis Pashen, Margaret Culpan, and Tracy Cheffins. "School-based vaccinations delivered by general practice in rural north Queensland: an evaluation of a new human papilloma virus vaccination program." Communicable Diseases Intelligence 32 (March 1, 2008): 94–98. https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2008.32.14.

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The following correction to this report was published in Commun Dis Intell 2008;32 issue 3, September 2008: Funding for the School Based Vaccination Program is provided by Queensland Health. Fainting is a non-significant adverse event as fainting in mass vaccination programs of adolescent girls is not uncommon. A local general practice was contracted to provide the school-based immunisation program over two years in Mount Isa, Queensland. The schedule was for female Year 10, 11 and 12 students to receive three doses of human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination (Gardasil). This was provided as pa

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Goodyear-Smith, Felicity, Cameron Grant, Tracey Poole, et al. "Early connections: effectiveness of a pre-call intervention to improve immunisation coverage and timeliness." Journal of Primary Health Care 4, no. 3 (2012): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc12189.

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INTRODUCTION: Children who have missed or delayed immunisations are at greater risk of vaccine-preventable diseases and getting their first scheduled dose on time strongly predicts subsequent complete immunisation. Developing a relationship with an infants parents and general practice staff soon after birth followed by a systematic approach can reduce the number of delayed first immunisations. AIM: To assess the effectiveness of a general practicebased pre-call intervention to improve immunisation timeliness. METHODS: Clustered controlled trial of general practices in a large urban district

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Ekhaguere, Osayame A., Rosena O. Oluwafemi, Bolaji Badejoko, et al. "Automated phone call and text reminders for childhood immunisations (PRIMM): a randomised controlled trial in Nigeria." BMJ Global Health 4, no. 2 (2019): e001232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001232.

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BackgroundSub-Saharan Africa has high under-5 mortality and low childhood immunisation rates. Vaccine-preventable diseases cause one-third of under-5 deaths. Text messaging reminders improve immunisation completion in urban but not rural settings in sub-Saharan Africa. Low adult literacy may account for this difference. The feasibility and impact of combined automated voice and text reminders on immunisation completion in rural sub-Saharan Africa is unknown.MethodsWe randomised parturient women at the Mother and Child Hospitals Ondo State, Nigeria, owning a mobile phone and planning for child

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Thomas, Susan, Natalie Allan, Paula Taylor, et al. "Combining First Nations Research Methods with a World Health Organization Guide to Understand Low Childhood Immunisation Coverage in Children in Tamworth, Australia." International Indigenous Policy Journal 12, no. 2 (2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2021.12.2.10959.

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In Australia, we used the World Health Organization’s Tailoring Immunization Programmes to identify areas of low immunisation coverage in First Nations children. The qualitative study was led by First Nations researchers using a strength-based approach. In 2019, Tamworth had 179 (23%) children who were overdue for immunisations. Yarning sessions were conducted with 50 parents and health providers. Themes that emerged from this research included: (a) Cultural safety in immunisation services provides a supportive place for families, (b) Service access could be improved by removing physical and c

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Lister, Susan, Peter B. McIntyre, Margaret A. Burgess, and Eddie D. O'Brien. "Immunisation coverage in Australian children: a systematic review 1990-1998." Communicable Diseases Intelligence 23 (June 10, 1999): 145–70. https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.1999.23.21.

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The Australian Childhood Immunisation Register (ACIR) commenced operation in January 1996 and provides a comprehensive database of children's immunisations in Australia. The ACIR enables implementation of an immunisation recall and reminder system and improved surveillance and reporting of immunisation coverage. Before the introduction of the ACIR, the methods used in assessing coverage varied widely in design and quality, with few studies measuring coverage at national or state-wide level. This is a systematic review of the scope and reliability of estimates of immunisation coverage available

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Petousis-Harris, Helen, Cameron Grant, Felicity Goodyear-Smith, et al. "What contributes to delays? The primary care determinants of immunisation timeliness in New Zealand." Journal of Primary Health Care 4, no. 1 (2012): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc12012.

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INTRODUCTION: Delay in receipt of the first vaccine dose in the primary series is one of the strongest and most consistent predictors of subsequent incomplete immunisation. AIM: To describe the on-time immunisation delivery of New Zealand infant scheduled vaccines by primary care practices and identify characteristics of practices, health professionals and patients associated with delays in receipt of infant immunisations. METHODS: Timeliness of immunisation delivery and factors associated with timely immunisation were examined in 124 randomly selected primary care practices in two large regio

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Chakraborty, Arpita, Diwakar Mohan, Kerry Scott, et al. "Does exposure to health information through mobile phones increase immunisation knowledge, completeness and timeliness in rural India?" BMJ Global Health 6, Suppl 5 (2021): e005489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005489.

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IntroductionImmunisation plays a vital role in reducing child mortality and morbidity against preventable diseases. As part of a randomised controlled trial in rural Madhya Pradesh, India to assess the impact of Kilkari, a maternal messaging programme, we explored determinants of parental immunisation knowledge and immunisation practice (completeness and timeliness) for children 0–12 months of age from four districts in Madhya Pradesh.MethodsData were drawn from a cross-sectional survey of women (n=4423) with access to a mobile phone and their spouses (n=3781). Parental knowledge about immunis

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Dathini, Hamina, Siti Khuzaimah Ahmad Sharoni, and Kever Teriyla Robert. "Parental Reminder Strategies and the Cost Implication for Improved Immunisation Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Healthcare 10, no. 10 (2022): 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10101996.

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Getting children vaccinated amidst prevailing barriers to immunisation has been challenging in both developed and developing countries. To address these problems, studies on parental reminder strategies were conducted to improve immunisation outcomes in children. These led to the development of different parental reminder interventions. This review systematically reviews different parental interventions and their cost implication for improved immunisations. Five online databases; Medline Complete, the Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature [CINAHL], Academic search premier,

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Bolsewicz, Katarzyna, Susan Thomas, Donna Moore, et al. "Using the Tailoring Immunization Programmes guide to improve child immunisation in Umina, New South Wales: we could still do better." Australian Journal of Primary Health 26, no. 4 (2020): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py19247.

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In the Central Coast Local Health District of New South Wales, Australia, childhood immunisation (CI) rates are around 95%, but pockets of underimmunisation exist. Using the World Health Organization’s Tailoring Immunization Programmes, we identified areas of potential low vaccine coverage using Australian Immunisation Register (AIR) data (2016–18) and investigated factors that influence CI. Individual and group interviews with carers, community members and service providers (n=52 participants) were conducted. Data were analysed thematically and the themes presented to stakeholders for feedbac

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Vusi, Dlamini Sabelo, Dlamini Xolisiwe, Simelane Tholie, et al. "Routine Child Immunization during the COVID-19 Global Pandemic in Eswatini: Challenges, Loss of Gains and Benefits." Research in Health Science 10, no. 2 (2025): p66. https://doi.org/10.22158/rhs.v10n2p66.

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Introduction: Timely uptake of immunisations by all children at immunisation ages is key towards maintaining good health and protecting lives of the 80 million children worldwide. Disruptions of healthcare systems due to the impact and spread of coronavirus disease (SARS-CoV-2) created an issue of public health importance that required to be addressed in order to preserve gains in child survival statistics. Method: This analysis aimed at assessing the performance of child immunisation initiatives in Eswatini during COVID-19. Data on child immunisation before and during COVID-19 (i.e. before De

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Lloyd, Glenis. "Immunisation coverage of two year old children in child-care centres in Illawarra and Shoalhaven regions of New South Wales." Communicable Diseases Intelligence 20 (April 29, 1996): 217–18. https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.1996.20.28.

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A survey of immunisation records was conducted in registered child-care centres in the Illawarra and Shoalhaven regions of New South Wales in 1995. The study showed that amongst two year old children attending child-care centres in those regions, less than 66% were fully immunised, excluding Hib vaccine. Of these, less than 25% had had their immunisations at the due time or within 30 days of when they were due. The survey highlighted the need to address our immunisation programs.

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Schley, Katharina, Jack C. Kowalik, Shannon M. Sullivan, et al. "Assessing the Role of Infant and Toddler MenACWY Immunisation in the UK: Does the Adolescent MenACWY Programme Provide Sufficient Protection?" Vaccines 11, no. 5 (2023): 940. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11050940.

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A combined Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)/meningococcal serogroup C (MenC) vaccine will soon be unavailable in the UK immunisation schedule due to discontinuation by the manufacturer. An interim statement by the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI) advises stopping MenC immunisation at 12 months of age when this occurs. We undertook an analysis of the public health impact of various potential meningococcal vaccination strategies in the UK in the absence of the Hib/MenC vaccine. A static population-cohort model was developed evaluating the burden of IMD (using 2005–2015 e

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Ese, A. O., V. B. Brown, and O. A. Oluwatosin. "Mothers’ knowledge and utilization of non-routine childhood immunisation in Ibadan North Local Government Area, Oyo state, Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Paediatrics 47, no. 2 (2020): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njp.v47i2.8.

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Background: Vaccinepreventable- diseases are major contributors to child mortality in Africa. In Nigeria, apart from the routine childhood vaccines that are provided free by the government, there are additional lifesaving non-routine vaccines like Rotavirus, Pneumococcal Conjugate (PCV), Varicella, Cerebrospinal meningitis, and Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccines. Until 2015 when PCV was included in the routine childhood immunisation, these five vaccines were optional and parents paid to immunize their children with them.Objective: To assess the level of knowledge and utilization of nonrout

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Alfayadh, Naba M., Peter J. Gowdie, Jonathan D. Akikusa, Mee Lee Easton, and Jim P. Buttery. "Vaccinations Do Not Increase Arthritis Flares in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Study of the Relationship between Routine Childhood Vaccinations on the Australian Immunisation Schedule and Arthritis Activity in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis." International Journal of Rheumatology 2020 (August 4, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1078914.

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Background. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a collective term for a group of inflammatory conditions of uncertain origin, which causes chronic arthritis in one or more joints. The clinical course of JIA is characterised by episodes of increased activity, termed flares. Vaccinations have previously been proposed as a “trigger” for some flares, although evidence supporting this is scant. Objective. To explore whether routine childhood vaccinations are associated with an increased risk of flares of arthritis activity in children with JIA. Methods. Patients aged below 6 years with a diagnos

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Rajaonarifara, Elinambinina, Matthew H. Bonds, Ann C. Miller, et al. "Impact of health system strengthening on delivery strategies to improve child immunisation coverage and inequalities in rural Madagascar." BMJ Global Health 7, no. 1 (2022): e006824. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006824.

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BackgroundTo reach global immunisation goals, national programmes need to balance routine immunisation at health facilities with vaccination campaigns and other outreach activities (eg, vaccination weeks), which boost coverage at particular times and help reduce geographical inequalities. However, where routine immunisation is weak, an over-reliance on vaccination campaigns may lead to heterogeneous coverage. Here, we assessed the impact of a health system strengthening (HSS) intervention on the relative contribution of routine immunisation and outreach activities to reach immunisation goals i

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Saunders, Matthew J., Monique Pereboom, Jose Luis Alvarez, Mark Sherlock, and Kartini Gadroen. "Incentives in immunisation campaigns in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review mapping evidence on effectiveness and unintended consequences." BMJ Global Health 10, no. 6 (2025): e019662. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2025-019662.

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IntroductionVarious incentive programmes are being used to improve immunisation uptake, despite limited understanding of their effectiveness and potential unintended consequences. We conducted a scoping review to map and synthesise evidence on their use in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), compare experiences across regions and incentive types, and identify unintended consequences and implementation challenges.MethodsWe searched Ovid MEDLINE and grey literature for studies published between 2000 and 2024 investigating incentives in immunisation campaigns in LMIC. We included quantitativ

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Ames, Sophie, and Gill Kelly. "Exploring how the uptake of childhood immunisations can be improved in England: A systematic review." Practice Nursing 35, no. 12 (2024): 412–26. https://doi.org/10.12968/pnur.2024.35.12.412.

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A review of best practice in child immunisation was undertaken to help drive uptake Background Childhood immunisations protect communities against preventable and infectious diseases. Coverage for childhood immunisations in the UK is declining and coverage for the MMR vaccine stands at 85.5%, significantly below the target set by the Department of Health and Social Care to achieve herd immunity and prevent sustained disease transmission. Methods Three medical databases were searched using PICO, supported by the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria and critical appraisal. Results Rem

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Henninger, Judith. "Human papillomavirus and papillomavirus vaccines: knowledge, attitudes and intentions of general practitioners and practice nurses in Christchurch." Journal of Primary Health Care 1, no. 4 (2009): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc09278.

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INTRODUCTION: General practitioners (GP) and practice nurses (PN) perform the majority of cervical screening in Christchurch and will have a key role in influencing uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) immunisation. AIM: To assess and compare GP and PN knowledge about HPV disease, attitudes concerning adolescent sexual behaviour and intentions to recommend HPV immunisation. METHODS: A self-administered, anonymous questionnaire was distributed to GPs and PNs in Christchurch, New Zealand who attended peer-led small group meetings hosted by Pegasus Health Independent Provider Association in May 2

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Harris, Rachel E., Lee Curtis, Vikas Hegde, et al. "A Decade of Varicella Screening Within a Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Population." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 14, no. 5 (2019): 608–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz207.

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Abstract Introduction Increased risk of opportunistic infection—e.g., varicella zoster infection—secondary to therapies is a cause of morbidity in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] patients. The UK vaccination schedule does not include varicella immunisation. We aimed to evaluate the varicella screening and immunisation programme in a paediatric IBD population. Methods Data regarding IBD diagnosis, varicella status, and consequent immunisations/treatment interventions were collected retrospectively from the records of patients diagnosed with IBD over a 10-year period [2009–2018]. Results In all

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Fekadu, Hailu, Wubegzier Mekonnen, Aynalem Adugna, Helmut Kloos, and Damen HaileMariam. "Inequities and trends of polio immunisation among children aged 12–23 months in Ethiopia: a multilevel analysis of Ethiopian demographic and health survey." BMJ Open 14, no. 3 (2024): e079570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079570.

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IntroductionDespite Ethiopia’s policy intention to provide recommended vaccination services to underprivileged populations, inequity in polio immunisation persists.ObjectiveThis study examined inequity and trends in polio immunisation and determinant factors among children aged 12–23 months in Ethiopia between 2000 and 2019.MethodsCross-sectional data from 2000, 2005, 2011, 2016 and 2019 Ethiopian demographic and health surveys were analysed with the updated version of the WHO’s Health Equity Assessment Toolkit software. Six standard equity measures: equity gaps, equity ratios, population attr

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Suresh, Aneena. "Awareness of Immunisation Health Care Providers on Adverse Events Following Immunisation: A Multicentre Study." Journal of Communicable Diseases 54, no. 1 (2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/0019.5138.202241.

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Introduction:Adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) are often under-reported in India due to limited awareness among immunisation health care providers negatively affecting the immunisation programme of the country. This study assesses the knowledge, attitude and reporting practices (KAP) of AEFI among immunisation healthcare providers (IHPs) of private hospitals and clinics in South India.Methods: Using a semi-structured questionnaire, 58 IHPs were interviewed. The mean age was found to be 14.5 ± 7.2 years. Few IHPs had good knowledge (34.5%) while 91.4% had a good attitude, but it didn

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Rimmer, J., C. Belk, V. J. Lund, A. Swift, and P. White. "Immunisations and antibiotics in patients with anterior skull base cerebrospinal fluid leaks." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 128, no. 7 (2014): 626–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215114001431.

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AbstractObjective:There are no UK guidelines for the use of antibiotics and/or immunisations in patients with an active anterior skull base cerebrospinal fluid leak. This study aimed to define current UK practice in this area and inform appropriate guidelines for ENT surgeons.Method:A web-based survey of all members of the British Rhinological Society was carried out and the literature in this area was reviewed.Results:Of those who responded to the survey, 14 per cent routinely give prophylactic antibiotics to patients with cerebrospinal fluid leaks, and 34.9 per cent recommend immunisation ag

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Hull, Brynley, Aditi Dey, Rob Menzies, and Peter McIntyre. "Annual Immunisation Coverage Report, 2010." Communicable Diseases Intelligence 37 (March 1, 2013): 21–39. https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2013.37.2.

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Published erratum: Commun Dis Intell 2013;37(2):193–195 Tables 2, 3 and 4 had incorrect state and territory headings for the data. The tables have been corrected in the erratum. This, the fourth annual immunisation coverage report, documents trends during 2010 for a range of standard measures derived from Australian Childhood Immunisation Register (ACIR) data. These include coverage at standard age milestones and for individual vaccines included on the National Immunisation Program (NIP). For the first time, coverage from other sources for adolescents and the elderly are included.The proportio

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Martin, Jeannett. "Immunisation." Nursing Standard 14, no. 30 (2000): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2000.04.14.30.47.c2812.

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DAVIES, M. K. "Immunisation." Archives of Disease in Childhood 82, no. 4 (2000): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.82.4.282.

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Kamalappanawar, Mr Ramesh, Dr Bimla rani, and Dr Susheel Kumar V. Ronad. "IMMUNISATION." RESEARCH RESERVOIR 8, no. 2 (2022): 82–85. https://doi.org/10.47211/trr.2022.v08i02.017.

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Immunisation is the most cost–effective public health intervention. The vaccine prevents illness and death for millions of individuals every year. Children below five years of age are vulnerable and liable to get various diseases and disabilities which may lead to high mortality. I Immunisation is often a prerequisite for enrolment in school or daycare, it's important to keep your children up to date on their vaccines. There are some very rare and very mild side effects that can be the result of vaccinations. These side effects completely depend on the Immunisation you got, and how your specif

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Powelson, Jocelyn, Bvudzai Priscilla Magadzire, Abel Draiva, et al. "Determinants of immunisation dropout among children under the age of 2 in Zambézia province, Mozambique: a community-based participatory research study using Photovoice." BMJ Open 12, no. 3 (2022): e057245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057245.

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ObjectiveImmunisations are highly impactful, cost-effective public health interventions. However, substantial gaps in complete vaccination coverage persist. We aimed to describe caregivers’ immunisation experiences and identify determinants of vaccine dropout.DesignWe used a community-based participatory research approach employing Photovoice, SMS (short messaging service) exchanges and in-depth interviews. A team-based approach was used for thematic analysis. The Increasing Vaccination Model guided the analysis and identification of vaccination facilitators and barriers.SettingThis study was

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Hull, Brynley P., Deepika Mahajan, Aditi Dey, Rob I. Menzies, and Peter B. McIntyre. "Immunisation coverage annual report, 2008." Communicable Diseases Intelligence 34 (September 1, 2010): 241–58. https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2010.34.25.

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This, the 2nd annual immunisation coverage report, documents trends during 2008 for a range of standard measures derived from Australian Childhood Immunisation Register data, including overall coverage at standard age milestones and for individual vaccines included on the National Immunisation Program (NIP). Coverage by indigenous status and mapping by smaller geographic areas as well as trends in timeliness are also summarised according to standard templates. With respect to overall coverage, Immunise Australia Program targets have been reached for children at 12 and 24 months of age but not

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Hull, Brynley, Aditi Dey, Deepika Mahajan, Rob Menzies, and Peter B. McIntyre. "Immunisation coverage annual report, 2009." Communicable Diseases Intelligence 35 (June 1, 2011): 132–48. https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2011.35.9.

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This, the third annual immunisation coverage report, documents trends during 2009 for a range of standard measures derived from Australian Childhood Immunisation Register data, including overall coverage at standard age milestones and for individual vaccines included on the National Immunisation Program (NIP). Coverage by Indigenous status and mapping by smaller geographic areas as well as trends in timeliness is also summarised according to standard templates. With respect to overall coverage, the Immunise Australia Program targets have been reached for children at 12 and 24 months of age but

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Leckie, Rozaini, Smita Shah, Bin Jalaludin, and Auburn Immunisation Task Force. "School entry immunisation certificates: a useful tool for immunisation surveillance?" Communicable Diseases Intelligence 20 (January 8, 1996): 5–8. https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.1996.20.2.

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In New South Wales, all children starting school must provide a certificate of immunisation to school authorities. We conducted a study to document the usefulness of immunisation certificates in surveillance of immunisation uptake in these children.In late 1994 we reviewed immunisation records in all primary schools in the Auburn local government area. We classified a child’s immunisation status as ’complete immunisation’, ’incomplete immunisation’ or ’invalid’.Schools had immunisation certificates for 72% of all kindergarten children. Seventeen per cent of kindergarten children did not have a

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McQuaid, Fiona, Rachel Mulholland, Yuma Sangpang Rai, et al. "Uptake of infant and preschool immunisations in Scotland and England during the COVID-19 pandemic: An observational study of routinely collected data." PLOS Medicine 19, no. 2 (2022): e1003916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003916.

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Background In 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic and lockdown control measures threatened to disrupt routine childhood immunisation programmes with early reports suggesting uptake would fall. In response, public health bodies in Scotland and England collected national data for childhood immunisations on a weekly or monthly basis to allow for rapid analysis of trends. The aim of this study was to use these data to assess the impact of different phases of the pandemic on infant and preschool immunisation uptake rates. Methods and findings We conducted an observational study using routinely

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Hull, Brynley, Shelley Deeks, Rob Menzies, and Peter McIntyre. "Immunisation coverage annual report, 2007." Communicable Diseases Intelligence 33 (June 1, 2009): 170–87. https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi2009.33.16.

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This report, provided by the National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases (NCIRS), is the first annual immunisation coverage report. It includes information on important trends and significant issues including overall immunisation coverage by Indigenous status and for individual vaccines in the National Immunisation Program (NIP), the timeliness of immunisation and immunisation coverage mapping in smaller geographic areas.

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Hull, Brynley, Shelley Deeks, Rob Menzies, and Peter McIntyre. "Immunisation coverage annual report, 2007." Communicable Diseases Intelligence 33 (June 1, 2009): 170–87. https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2009.33.16.

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This report, provided by the National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases (NCIRS), is the first annual immunisation coverage report. It includes information on important trends and significant issues including overall immunisation coverage by Indigenous status and for individual vaccines in the National Immunisation Program (NIP), the timeliness of immunisation and immunisation coverage mapping in smaller geographic areas.

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Ames, Sophie, and Gill Kelly. "Exploring how the uptake of childhood immunisations can be improved in England: A systematic review." British Journal of Child Health 5, no. 1 (2024): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/chhe.2024.5.1.29.

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Background: Childhood immunisations protect communities against preventable and infectious diseases. Coverage for childhood immunisations in the UK is declining and coverage for the MMR vaccine stands at 85.5%, significantly below the target set by the Department of Health and Social Care to achieve herd immunity and prevent sustained disease transmission. Methods: Three medical databases were searched using PICO, supported by the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria and critical appraisal. Results: Reminder and recall activities are identified as a cost-effective method for improvi

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Amaechi, Uchenna A., Chukwudi A. Nnaji, and Charles S. WIysonge. "Immunisation Agenda 2030: prioritising sustainable immunisation financing." Lancet 402, no. 10410 (2023): 1325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(23)01167-4.

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McIntyre, Peter B., Edward D. O'Brien, and Timothy C. Heath. "Current issues in immunisation (immunisation and asthma)." Communicable Diseases Intelligence 22 (March 19, 1998): 38. https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.1998.22.8.

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This is the first of an occasional series in Communicable Diseases Intelligence providing commentary on topical immunisation issues from the National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventive Diseases (NCIRS).

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Reynolds, Gary, Mareta Timo, Anjileena Dev, Tracey Poole, and Nikki Turner. "Effective general practice: audit and feedback for the primary series of immunisations." Journal of Primary Health Care 6, no. 1 (2014): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc14040.

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INTRODUCTION: General practice immunisation audits do not always match the national rates recorded on the New Zealand (NZ) National Immunisation Register (NIR). AIM: To complete audits at one general practice for infants requiring the primary series of immunisations (6-week, 3-month and 5-month vaccines) over a 12-month period and compare findings with the NIR audit. METHODS: A manual and electronic practice management system (PMS) audit were compared with identical NIR audit parameters for completion of the 5-month vaccination from 1 February 2011 to 1 February 2012. All three results were th

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Pal, Moneeta, Felicity Goodyear-Smith, and Daniel Exeter. "Factors contributing to high immunisation coverage among New Zealand Asians." Journal of Primary Health Care 6, no. 4 (2014): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc14304.

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INTRODUCTION: While New Zealand (NZ) immunisation coverage has improved steadily over the years, there is inequity between ethnic groups, with rates lower in Maori and Pacific people and highest in Asian people. This qualitative study aimed to identify attitudes and behaviours of NZ Asian parents of children under the age of five years that might contribute to their seeking immunisation for their children. METHODS: In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore attitudes, values, experiences, knowledge, behaviour and perceived barriers regarding childhood immunisation. Transcri

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Nandini, Nurhasmadiar. "Upaya Edukasi Kader Kesehatan dan Ibu Hamil untuk Peningkatan Cakupan Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap di Kecamatan Pamotan Kabupaten Rembang." Journal of Community Development 1, no. 2 (2021): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.47134/comdev.v1i2.11.

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Immunisation is one of the health programs which considered cost-effective and able to prevent millions of deaths and disability which caused by diseases which could be prevented by immunisation. For the past years, the coverage of Basic Complete Immunisation has been increasing in several areas in Central Java. However, there were still some community groups that believed immunisation was harmful for their children and they did not allow their children to be vaccinated. This condition could cause a new case of diseases which usually can be prevented by immunisation, such as Polio, Diphtheria,

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Moore, Anthony M., Sandra Burgess, Hailey Shaw, Carolyn Banks, Irene Passaris, and Charles Guest. "Achieving high immunisation rates amongst children in the Australian Capital Territory: a collaborative effort." Australian Health Review 35, no. 1 (2011): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah10769.

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Background. In September 2008 the ACT achieved the highest childhood coverage rates in Australia with rates of 93.5% (12–15-month age cohort), 94.9% (24–27-month age cohort) and 90.58% (60–63-month age cohort). Purpose. To analyse the key contributing factors and policy initiatives that have likely to have led to high childhood immunisation rates in the ACT. Methods. Data used in this report were sourced from the Australian Childhood Immunisation Register (ACIR) held at Medicare Australia, General Practice Immunisation Incentives (GPII) ‘calculation’ data held at ACT Division of General Practi

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Hanshila, Vudaga, Shaik Khadeer, and Syeda Sumera. "Determination of immunisation status of children between 2-5 years of age who attending to teaching institute with concern to both national immunization schedule and optional vaccines." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 11, no. 6 (2024): 707–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20241352.

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Background: In order to know the causes for non-immunisation, search for societal reasons for primary immunisation along with evaluating coverage. Aim of this current study is to determine the immunisation status of children between 2-5 years of age who are attending teaching health care centre with concern to both National Immunisation Schedule and Optional vaccines. Methods: Study analysed the children's immunisation status, factors affecting their immunisation coverage, and reasons for partial or incomplete immunisation. The information was obtained from the parents using a questionnaire. I

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Tilley, Elspeth, Niki Murray, Bronwyn Watson, and Margie Comrie. "New Views on a ‘Stuck’ Issue: Communicating about Childhood Immunisation in Aotearoa New Zealand." Media International Australia 152, no. 1 (2014): 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1415200106.

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This article explores attitudes towards immunisation and immunisation communication materials among parents and caregivers currently facing immunisation decisions in Aotearoa New Zealand. The research aimed to discover, from an open-ended qualitative investigation, new ways to conceptualise and explain immunisation decision-making, and identify participants' own views on approaches worth trialling as ways to increase immunisation rates. The research used communication artefacts as talking points, and an action research process to modify these to reflect participants' design suggestions, but wa

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Kerr, Jessica. "Immunisation and the Law: Slippery Slope to a Healthy Society." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 37, no. 1 (2006): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v37i1.5562.

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The immunisation of children against communicable diseases is a crucial public health intervention. Yet the understandable prioritisation of parental autonomy within New Zealand immunisation policy has contributed to consistently unsatisfactory coverage rates, in both absolute and comparative terms. If our immunisation law could be strengthened to eliminate ‘passive’ non-immunisation without fatally undermining parental choice, the goals of ‘population immunity’ might be achievable. Of the three reform options explored by this paper, two are rejected as unworkable. The first, a universal manda

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Siga Tage, Petrus Kanisius, and Herliana Monika Azi Djogo. "Barriers felt by nurses related to childhood basic immunisation in East Nusa Tenggara: A phenomenological study." Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran 10, no. 3 (2022): 180–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v10i3.2164.

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Background: Immunisation barriers can increase morbidity and mortality associated with vaccine-preventable diseases. Understanding barriers to childhood vaccination is critical to informing effective interventions to maximise coverage. Purpose: This study aims to explore the experiences of nurses involved in immunisation related to the obstacles they experience in immunisation activities. Methods: This research is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. Nurse participants who manage immunisation activities at the public health centre were recruited using a purposive sampling tec

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Kodriati, Nurul, Putri Eka Mulyana Wahab, and Bunga Bilbina Rizkika. "Pengaruh persepsi pentingnya imunisasi terhadap pelaksanaan imunisasi balita selama pandemi Covid-19." Jurnal Cakrawala Promkes 5, no. 1 (2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/promkes.v5i1.6466.

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The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on health services, including basic immunisation for under five children. The goal of this study is to identify whether parents’ perception about the importance of immunisation for their children associate with immunisation of children during the Covid-19 pandemic. From June 2022 to June 2023, an online survey was conducted to parents of children under the age of five. Purposive sample with a 5% margin of error and a 95% confidence level resulting at least 370 minimal samples were required in this study. The logistic regression method was used

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Syawqi, Rahmat, Finny Fitry Yani, Asrawati, and Rinang Mariko. "Catch-up immunisation for children in earthquake-affected areas of West Pasaman, Indonesia." E3S Web of Conferences 604 (2025): 05003. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202560405003.

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Children are a particularly vulnerable population when exposed to natural disasters and experience increased problems related to physical health, mental health and post-disaster learning. The conditions of displacement during a disaster will cause an increased risk of morbidity to mortality of infectious diseases and even potential outbreaks. The success of immunisation efforts at the scene of a disaster is a successful effort to reduce the mortality rate due to Immunisation Preventable Diseases. However, in emergency or disaster situations, there can be significant disruption or reduction in

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