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Academic literature on the topic 'Immunologie évolutive'
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Journal articles on the topic "Immunologie évolutive"
Lounici, Yasmine, Hiba Ait Hamoudi, Ismahane Berkane, and Malika Bouali-Benhalima. "Connective tissue diseases, Hughes syndrome and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies associated vasculitis. The immunologic diagnosis." Batna Journal of Medical Sciences (BJMS) 2, no. 2 (December 30, 2012): 186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.48087/bjmstf.2015.2219.
Full textMnasria, K., J. Manaa, E. Ghazouani, R. Kochkar, S. Machghoul, N. Gritli, and R. Oueslati. "Évolution immunologique : cellulaire et sérologique chez des transplantés cardiaques et rénaux." Immuno-analyse & Biologie Spécialisée 19, no. 6 (December 2004): 360–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.immbio.2004.09.002.
Full textguillet, S., V. Loustau, A. Zarour, E. Boutin, T. Comont, S. D. Odile, N. Costedoat-Chalumeau, et al. "Évolution du purpura thrombopenique immunologique pendant la grossesse : Résultats d’une étude cas-contrôles observationnelle prospective multicentrique." La Revue de Médecine Interne 41 (December 2020): A53—A54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.revmed.2020.10.088.
Full textArnal, C., P. Bierling, T. Papo, B. Taillan, J. Leone, E. Hachulla, A. Schaeffer, JC Piette, and B. Godeau. "Modalités évolutives et signification pronostique de la thrombopénie immunologique sévère du lupus: à propos d'une série multicentrique de 67 cas." La Revue de Médecine Interne 19 (June 1998): 73S—74S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0248-8663(98)80076-3.
Full textChauchard, M., M. Khellaf, L. Languille, B. Godeau, and M. Michel. "Caractéristiques principales et modalités évolutives du purpura thrombopénique immunologique de l’adulte : analyse d’une cohorte de 293 patients vus au diagnostic." La Revue de Médecine Interne 31 (December 2010): S366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.revmed.2010.10.061.
Full textJuchet, A., and G. Dutau. "Évolution naturelle de l'allergie alimentaire." Revue Française d'Allergologie et d'Immunologie Clinique 33, no. 1 (January 1993): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0335-7457(05)80123-6.
Full textMonnier, S., M. Thibaudon, G. Oliver, and C. Sindt. "Évolution de la pollinisation de l’ambroisie en France." Revue Française d'Allergologie 60, no. 4 (June 2020): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reval.2020.02.086.
Full textAgabriel, C., J. Birnbaum, V. Liabeuf, and J. Vitte. "Évolution du profil de sensibilisation moléculaire avec l’âge." Revue Française d'Allergologie 53, no. 3 (April 2013): 262–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reval.2013.01.041.
Full textEigenmann, P. "Évolution du profil de sensibilisation moléculaire avec l’âge." Revue Française d'Allergologie 56, no. 3 (April 2016): 228–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reval.2015.12.005.
Full textBougacha, M., H. Cherif, F. Yangui, B. Karaborni, M. Triki, H. Khouani, and M. R. Charfi. "Profil évolutif de la sensibilisation cutanée aux pneumallergènes." Revue Française d'Allergologie 61, no. 4 (May 2021): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reval.2021.03.068.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Immunologie évolutive"
Bocher, Aurélie. "Défenses immunitaires et division du travail chez les fourmis." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066294.
Full textImmune defence is a fundamental trait determining fitness in social insects, both by increasing individual survival and by limiting contamination at colony level. We investigated how individual variation in immune defence, which is a costly trait, is related to division of labour concerning reproduction or sterile tasks. Indeed, the different worker functions within the colony may be associated to distinct selection pressures and thus induce a variation in immune defence. Reciprocally, including immune defence as a life-history trait can help to understand some aspects of social evolution. Ants offer interesting models to address these questions. Firstly, we studied the effects of reproductive conflicts on labour and immune defence in a queenless ant, Diacamma sp. From Nilgiri. The groups affected by conflicts showed a lower rate of labour and an immunosuppression, suggesting a cost of reproductive conflicts. Secondly, we investigated the levels of phenoloxidase (PO) and prophenoloxidase (PPO), two major enzymes of the insect immune system, in workers of the ant Cataglyphis velox. We found a higher PO activity in foragers than in intra-nidal workers, which could result from an adaptive up-regulation of PO in foragers in relation to the high risk of infection and wounding outside the nest. Finally, we hypothesized that inactive workers, often observed in social insect colonies, may invest more resources in immune defence. We conducted a behavioural and immunological study in Cataglyphis velox to analyse the relation between inactivity and immune defence. Our hypothesis was not supported but could be further studied by measuring other immune parameters. This work suggests that division of labour may influence the intra-colonial immune variation and highlights the importance of considering immune defence for the study of social insects
Dhinaut, Julien. "Ecologie évolutive du priming immunitaire chez le ténébrion meunier, Tenebrio molitor." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCK019/document.
Full textMany organisms can improve their immune response as a function of their immunological experience, a phenomenon called immune priming. While the mechanisms through which immune priming is achieved remain unknown, individuals that survived to a given parasite are better protected against subsequent exposures. This immune priming can cross generations (trans-generational immune priming – TGIP), preparing offspring for prevailing parasite environment. Both individual and trans-generational immune priming might be adaptive and may have evolved from repeated challenges by the same pathogens during the host lifetime or across generation. While protection could be cross-reactive, a certain level of specificity may exist in response to the range of pathogens from which immue priming may have evolved. Thus, immune priming and TGIP should be more efficient and less costly with respect to pathogens exposing the host to the greatest probability of re-infection. Moreover, it is now known that insect immune response is genetically variable. To understand the evolution of TGIP and its impact on life history evolution, we need to explore its quantitative genetics. During my thesis, I found that the expression of individual immune priming and TGIP in the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor, is dependent of a range of pathogens that might have been a major selective pressure on the immune system of this insect species. This was done through the characterisation of costs and benefits of the expression of immune priming in response to challenges with a large range of bacterial pathogens. This work also highlighted potential mechanisms through which these immune phenomena could be achieved.In a first chapter of this thesis, we examined the survival of individuals to infection with different bacteria according to their own immunological experience or that of their mother with these bacteria. We found that priming response to Gram-positive bacteria was particularly more efficient and less costly than priming response to Gram-negative bacteria. This study also shows that, contrary to what is currently believed, the cellular component of the T. molitor immune system does not necessarly play a major role in providing immune protection through individual immune priming or TGIP.In a second chapter, we have stimulated the immune system of adult females with two Gram-positive bacteria to study maternal transfer of immunity to the eggs. We found that the process throght which eggs are protected is dependent on the bacterial pathogen used to immune challenge the mother. Indeed, depending of the bacterial pathogen that immune challenged the mother, antibacterial activity in the eggs are either transfeered by the mother or produced by the egg itself, Furthermore, whatever the mechanism through which egg protection was achieved, primed eggs exhibited enhanced hatching rate and the resulting larvae even showed improved early survival to food privation.In a third chapter, we used inbred lines of T. molitor to study the quantitative genetics of TGIP. The aim of this work was to test whether TGIP could be heritable and whether its expression is genetically associated to other fintness traits of mothers and offspring. Unfortunately, due to a low number of inbred lines available and a low number of samples within some of these lines, it was impossible to conclude about the genetic basis associated to TGIP.In a fourth chapter, we produced a review on TGIP. This allowed us to highlight the main characteristics and mechanisms curently identified, and the ecology and the evolution of the phenomenon.Costs and benefits associated to immune priming and TGIP suggest that Gram-positive bacteria might have been a major selective pressure at the origin of these phenomena in T. molitor. Whether TGIP has genetic basis still required further research
Zanchi, Caroline. "Ecologie évolutive du transfert trans-générationnel d'immunité chez un insecte." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00877676.
Full textPapot, Claire. "Histoire évolutive et patrons de sélection d’un gène codant un peptide antimicrobien chez deux annélides extrémophiles : le ver côtier Capitella capitata et le ver hydrothermal Alvinella pompejana." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10161/document.
Full textAntimicrobial peptides (AMP) are integral components of the innate immune system of most organisms in which they provide an early and a first line of defense against a wide range of microbial and microeukaryotic agents. They are also known to shape and control the symbiotic microflora. The aim of this thesis was to study the molecular evolution of two antimicrobial peptides encoding the genes: preproalvinellacin and preprocapitellacin that have been characterized from two annelids: the coastal species Capitella spp (Cc) and the hydrothermal species Alvinella pompejana (Ap). These precursors from which are matured the AMPs alvinellacin and capitellacin, display an original structure of a BRICHOS chaperon: a signal peptide, a propiece, a BRICHOS domain and a beta hairpin peptide (here the AMP). Results show that the same kind of mechanisms might co-occur between the two distinct annelid taxa to promote and maintain genetic diversity for both immune effectors in the precursor domains (duplication, recombination, positive selection, introgression). One major difference can be highlighted in the AMP region that is strictly monomorphic for the Ap species (purifiying selection) and is highly polymorphic in the Cc species. This can be due to the absolute need of farming a highly specialized epibiotic community for the hydrothermal worm despite highly fluctuating abiotic conditions whereas the coastal species of Capitella spp evolved in a more pathogenic environment in which the immune arsenal diversification should be an advantage in enhancing their defensive potential
Mayer, Andreas. "Optimal immune systems : a ressource allocation and information processing view of immune defense." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEE026/document.
Full textBiological organisms have evolved diverse immune mechanisms to defend themselves against pathogens. Here we build mathematical models of immune systems optimally tuned to the statistics of pathogens. Beyond molecular details, different immune mechanisms differ in how protection is acquired, processed and passed on to subsequent generations -- differences that may be essential to long-term survival. To explain the observed diversity of strategies we compare the long-term adaptation of populations as a function of the pathogen dynamics that they experience and of the immune strategy that they adopt. We find that the two key determinants of an optimal immune strategy are the frequency and the characteristic timescale of the pathogens. Depending on these two parameters, we identify distinct modes of immunity, including adaptive, innate, bet-hedging and CRISPR-like immunities, which recapitulate the diversity of natural immune systems. Our results carry over to the general question of evolution in fluctuating environments, for which we provide novel analytical results in temporally correlated environments. The adaptive immune system provides protection through a broad repertoire of cells specific to different pathogens. To predict statistical features of well-adapted repertoires we analyze which repertoire minimizes cost of infection for a given distribution of pathogens. The theory predicts that the immune system has more receptors for rare antigens than expected from the frequency of encounters; and individuals exposed to the same infections have sparse repertoires that are largely different, but nevertheless exploit cross-reactivity to provide the same coverage of antigens. Our results follow from a tension between the statistics of pathogen detection, which favor a broader receptor distribution, and the effects of cross-reactivity, which tend to concentrate the optimal repertoire onto a few highly abundant clones. These predictions can be tested in high throughput surveys of receptor and pathogen diversity. We then explicitly consider how the adaptive immune system can learn the statistics of the environments from its past infection history in a Bayesian manner. We show that optimal repertoires can be reached by keeping memory of an infection through the selective proliferation of stimulated cells. The Bayesian perspective on repertoire dynamics provides an unifying conceptual framework to explain a number of features of immunological memory and suggests further experiments
Ballesteros, Sébastien. "Ecologie et évolution des maladies infectueuses aiguës : le cas de la grippe." Paris 6, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00813188.
Full textDupas, Stéphane. "La suppression immunitaire dans le système drosophile-parasitoi͏̈de : aspects physiologiques, génétiques et évolutifs." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20015.
Full textBallesteros, Sébastien. "Ecologie et évolution des maladies infectieuses aiguës : le cas de la grippe." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00813188.
Full textBoudin, Christian. "Le paludisme de savane (Burkina Faso) : évolution des paramètres épidiométriques et de la prémunition avant et après une tentative d'interruption de la transmission par des moustiquaires imprégnées d'insecticides." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20246.
Full textNguyen, Thi Hoang Lan. "L'infection par le VIH-1 à Hô Chi Minh Ville, Viet Nam : dynamique évolutive de l'épidémie et caractérisation des isolats viraux." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR28775.
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