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Journal articles on the topic 'Immunotransfet'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Goffard, Anne. "Immunotransfert." EMC - Biologie Médicale 1, no. 1 (2006): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2211-9698(06)76404-4.

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2

Mack, Donald O., Vicki L. Reed, and Larry D. Smith. "Native blot and immunotransfer of human prostatic acid phosphatase isozymes." Analytical Biochemistry 167, no. 1 (1987): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(87)90133-3.

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3

Filbin, Marie T., and Shirley E. Poduslo. "A sensitive immunotransfer method for the detection of oligodendroglial plasma membrane antigens." Neurochemistry International 9, no. 4 (1986): 517–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0197-0186(86)90144-0.

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4

Bayer, M. H., W. Keck, and M. E. Bayer. "Localization of penicillin-binding protein 1b in Escherichia coli: immunoelectron microscopy and immunotransfer studies." Journal of Bacteriology 172, no. 1 (1990): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.172.1.125-135.1990.

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5

., M. B. Rokni, A. Baghernejad ., M. Mohebali ., and E. B. Kia . "Evaluation of Enzyme-linked Immunotransfer Blot for the Immunodiagnosis of Human Fascioliasis Using Cysteine Proteinase Antigen." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 9, no. 1 (2005): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2006.80.83.

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6

Shkap, V., H. Ungar Waron та E. Pipano. "Identification et purification partielle d’antigènes solubles à partir de culture d’endozoïtes de Besnoitia besnoiti". Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 43, № 1 (1990): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.8899.

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Des antigènes solubles obtenus à partir des endozoites de cultures de Besnoitia besnoiti ont été identifiés après leur purification partielle par chromatographie par affinité. Un éluat spécifique obtenu à partir de cette méthode sur une colonne à laquelle avaient été fixés des anticorps provenant du sérum d'une vache naturellement infectée, a montré 7 bandes de polypeptides par électrophorèse (SDS-PAGE). Cinq bandes ont été observées dans l'éluat à partir d'un immuno-adsorbant auquel avaient été couplés des anticorps provenant d'un veau expérimentalement infecté. Les antigènes de l'éluat ont donné une réaction dans le test ELISA. La réactivité des antigènes séparés par électrophorèse avec des sérums bovins inoculés avec les endozoites, et des sérums provenant de cas de besnoitiose contractée sur le terrain, a été étudiée par immunotransfert selon la technique de WESTERN.
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7

Ghedira, I., H. Landolsi, A. Mankai, N. Fabien, and M. Jeddi. "Anticorps antihistones au cours du lupus érythémateux systémique, comparaison entre trois techniques : Elisa, dot blot et immunotransfert." Pathologie Biologie 54, no. 3 (2006): 148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patbio.2005.07.011.

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8

ITAGAKI, Tadashi, Tsukasa SAKAMOTO, and Hiroshi ITAGAKI. "Analysis of Fasciola sp. Antigen by Enzyme-Linked Immunotransfer Blot Using Sera from Experimentally and Naturally Infected Cattle." Journal of Veterinary Medical Science 57, no. 3 (1995): 511–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1292/jvms.57.511.

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9

Gary, A., P. Carvalho, J. B. Louison, et al. "Analyse des signes cliniques des malades atteints de pemphigoïde en fonction des antigènes reconnus par leur sérum en immunotransfert." Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie 131, no. 4 (2004): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0151-9638(04)93611-3.

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10

Saeed, Essam, Pierre Rage, and Marie-Thérégse Cousin. "Determination of the Antigenic Protein Size Associated with Faba Bean Phyllody MLO by Using (SDS-PAGE) Electrophoresis and Immunotransfer." Journal of Phytopathology 136, no. 1 (1992): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0434.1992.tb01275.x.

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11

Schwinger, W., C. Urban, C. J. Mache, et al. "Adoptive Immunotransfer with Viable Donor Mononuclear Cells for Recurrent Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia After Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation in Two Children." Pediatric Hematology and Oncology 12, no. 1 (1995): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08880019509029527.

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12

Cervi, Laura A., Héctor Rubinstein, and Diana T. Masih. "Serological, electrophoretic and biological properties of Fasciola hepatica antigens." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 34, no. 6 (1992): 517–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651992000600005.

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Fasciola hepatica somatic antigen, its partially purified fractions and excretion-secretion products were investigated as to serological, electrophoretic and biological properties. In a Sephadex G-100 column (SG-100), Fasciola hepatica total antigen (FhTA) gave 5 fractions, and SDS-PAGE analysis showed they were glycoproteins ranging from 14 to 94 kDa molecular weight (MW). When these fractions were analyzed by enzyme linked immunotransfer blot (EITB) and immunodiffusion in gel (ID) with serum from immunized rats with FhTA, the presence of different antigenic components was revealed. In the SDS-PAGE of excretor-secretor antigen (ESA), it was possible to observe peptides from 12 to 22 kDa, which were also present in FhTA. When the FhTA, its fractions and the ESA were analyzed by EITB with the immune rat serum (IRS), it was observed that only some fractions of the SG-100 shared antigens with the FhTA and ESA. Moreover, DTH and ITH responses were studied in FhTA immunized rats challenged with these different antigen components, revealing that the protein/carbohydrate ratio is important for inducing DTH response. The ESA was the most active component in the DTH and ITH response.
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13

Ward, S., T. M. Roberts, S. Strome, F. M. Pavalko, and E. Hogan. "Monoclonal antibodies that recognize a polypeptide antigenic determinant shared by multiple Caenorhabditis elegans sperm-specific proteins." Journal of Cell Biology 102, no. 5 (1986): 1778–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.102.5.1778.

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Four monoclonal antibodies that are directed against antigens present in sperm and absent from other worm tissues were characterized. Antibody TR20 is directed against the major sperm proteins, a family of small, abundant, cytoplasmic proteins that have been previously described (Klass, M. R., and D. Hirsh, 1981, Dev. Biol., 84:299-312; Burke, D. J., and S. Ward, 1983, J. Mol. Biol., 171:1-29). Three other antibodies, SP56, SP150, and TR11, are all directed against the same set of minor sperm polypeptides that range in size from 29 to 215 kD. More than eight different sperm polypeptides are antigenic by both immunotransfer and immunoprecipitation assays. The three antibodies are different immunoglobulin subclasses, yet they compete with each other for antigen binding so they are directed against the same antigenic determinant on the multiple sperm proteins. This antigenic determinant is sensitive to any of six different proteases, is insensitive to periodate oxidation or N-glycanase digestion, and is detectable on a polypeptide synthesized in vitro. Therefore, the antigenic determinant resides in the polypeptide chain. However, peptide fragments of the proteins are not antigenic, thus the determinant is likely to be dependent on polypeptide conformation. The antigenic determinant shared by these proteins could represent a common structural feature of importance to the localization or cellular specificity of these proteins.
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14

Kennedy, J. M., S. Kamel, W. W. Tambone, G. Vrbova, and R. Zak. "The expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms in normal and hypertrophied chicken slow muscle." Journal of Cell Biology 103, no. 3 (1986): 977–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.103.3.977.

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Hypertrophy was produced in the anterior latissimus dorsi (ALD) muscle of 5-wk-old chickens by application of a load to the humerus. After 4 wk, hypertrophied ALD muscles were greater than 2.5 times heavier than contralateral control ALD muscles. Two isomyosins are distinguishable in normal ALD muscles by their different electrophoretic mobilities. It is shown here that the faster migrating SM-1 isomyosin decreases in abundance with age and that the application of an overload enhances both the rate and extent of this process. Monoclonal antibodies were selected by an immunotransfer technique that were specific for the heavy chains associated with either SM-1 or SM-2, or cross-reacted with both isoforms. The cellular distribution of the SM-1 and SM-2 isomyosins was analyzed by immunofluorescent technique using these antibodies. Anti-SM-1 and anti-SM-2 antibodies reacted with separate populations of cells, whereas the third antibody reacted with all myocytes in the normal ALD muscle. These data suggest that there is an exclusive cellular distribution of myosin heavy chains associated with SM-1 and SM-2 proteins. Immunofluorescent analysis of hypertrophied muscle showed the anti-SM-2-specific antibody reacting with all myocytes, whereas the anti-SM-1-specific antibody reacted with none. This is consistent with the elimination of the SM-1 isoform in hypertrophied muscles.
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15

Zuber, Chantal, Gerda Mitteregger, Natascha Schuhmann, et al. "Delivery of single-chain antibodies (scFvs) directed against the 37/67 kDa laminin receptor into mice via recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors for prion disease gene therapy." Journal of General Virology 89, no. 8 (2008): 2055–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.83670-0.

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The 37/67 kDa laminin receptor (LRP/LR) acts as a receptor for prions providing a promising target for the treatment of prion diseases. Recently, we selected anti-LRP/LR single-chain antibodies (scFvs) and proved a reduction of the peripheral PrPSc propagation by passive immunotransfer into scrapie-infected mice. Here, we report the development of an in vivo gene delivery system based on adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors expressing scFvs-S18 and -N3 directed against LRP/LR. Transduction of neuronal and non-neuronal cells with recombinant (r)AAV serotype 2 vectors encoding scFv-S18, -N3 and -C9 verified the efficient secretion of the antibodies. These vectors were administered via stereotactic intracerebral microinjection into the hippocampus of C57BL/6 mice, followed by intracerebral inoculation with 10 % RML at the same site 2 weeks post-injection of rAAV. After 90 days post-infection, scFv-S18 and -N3 expression resulted in the reduction of peripheral PrPSc propagation by approximately 60 and 32 %, respectively, without a significant prolongation of incubation times and survival. Proof of rAAV vector DNA in spleen samples by real-time PCR strongly suggests a transport or trafficking of rAAV from the brain to the spleen, resulting in rAAV-mediated expression of scFv followed by reduced PrPSc levels in the spleen most likely due to the blockage of the prion receptor LRP/LR by scFv.
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16

Sandoval, J., J. L. Bañales, J. J. Cortés, P. A. Reyes, F. Mendoza, and M. Selman. "Detection of antibodies against avian antigens in bronchoalveolar lavage from patients with pigeon breeder's disease: Usefulness of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and enzyme immunotransfer blotting." Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis 4, no. 2 (1990): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcla.1860040202.

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17

Parija, Subhash Chandra, and A. R. Gireesh. "A serological study of cysticercosis in patients with HIV." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 51, no. 4 (2009): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652009000400002.

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Neurocysticercosis (NCC) has attained the importance of one of the most common cause of focal brain lesions in patients infected with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). Adequate data regarding the rate of this co-infection is lacking. Therefore, the present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of cysticercosis among HIV patients residing in Puducherry or its neighboring districts of Tamil Nadu State, India. A total of one hundred blood samples were collected from HIV seropositive cases visiting JIPMER hospital, Puducherry, between June 2007 and May 2008. Enzyme immunotransfer blot (EITB) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to demonstrate anti- T. solium larval stage antibodies and Co-agglutination (Co-A) test was used to detect T. solium larval stage antigens in sera. Two HIV seropositive cases were found positive for anti-T. solium larval stage antibody by EITB and four were positive by ELISA. Only one sample was positive by both EITB and ELISA. No serum sample was found positive for T. solium larval stage antigen by Co-A test. The overall seropositivity detected by all the methods was 5% in this study group. The accurate clinical diagnosis of NCC in HIV is difficult due to deranged immunological parameters in the HIV infected patients. The results of this study provides important data on the prevalence of cysticercosis in HIV positive patients in Puducherry and neighboring areas which was previously unknown. This study will also increase awareness among physicians and public health agencies about T. solium cysticercosis in the selected group.
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18

Lewis, J. M., M. J. Woolkalis, G. L. Gerton, R. M. Smith, L. Jarett, and D. R. Manning. "Subcellular distribution of the alpha subunit(s) of Gi: visualization by immunofluorescent and immunogold labeling." Cell Regulation 2, no. 12 (1991): 1097–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.2.12.1097.

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The subcellular distribution of the alpha subunit(s) of Gi has an obvious bearing on the ability of this protein to interact with receptors and targets and on its potential to serve in still unexplored capacities. In this study, we have examined the distribution of Gi alpha by means of light and electron microscopy. The cells employed were mouse 3T3 fibroblasts, normal rat kidney fibroblasts, rat C6 glioma cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and human 293 kidney fibroblasts. By indirect immunofluorescence, two patterns of Gi alpha were evident. The more prominent was that associated with phase-dense, cytoplasmic structures exhibiting a tubule-like morphology. A similar distribution was noted for mitochondria, indicating attachment to a subset of microtubules. The second pattern appeared as a diffuse, particulate fluorescence associated with the plasma membrane. By immunogold labeling and electron microscopy, two populations of Gi alpha were again evident. In this instance, labeling of the plasma membrane was the more prominent. Gold particles were most often evenly distributed along the plasma membrane and were concentrated along microspikes. The second, less abundant population of Gi alpha represented the subunit (or fragments) within lysosomes. Specificity in immunolabeling was confirmed in all instances by immunotransfer blotting, the use of antibodies differing in specificities for epitopes within Gi alpha, the absence of labeling with preimmune sera, and the decrease in labeling after preincubation of antisera with appropriate peptides. These results support the proposal that several populations of Gi alpha exist: those evident within the cytoplasm by immunofluorescence, those present at the plasma membrane, and those evident within lysosomes by immunogold labeling.
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19

Singh, Gagandeep, and Monika Singla. "Neurocysticercosis – A Journey from Pre-independence to Modern India." Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences (India) 52, no. 02 (2016): 076–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1712609.

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ABSTRACTNeurocysticercosis (NCC) is infestation of the human brain by the larva of worm, Taenia solium and is the most prevalent central nervous system (CNS) helminthiasis. The disease is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, including the Indian subcontinent, China, Sub-Saharan Africa, Central and South America and contributes substantially to the burden of epilepsy in these areas(1) . CNS involvement is seen in 60-90% of systemic cysticercosis. About 2.5 million people worldwide are infected with T. solium, and antibodies to T. solium are seen in up to 25% of people in endemic areas(1-3) . A higher prevalence of epilepsy and seizures in endemic countries is partly because of a high prevalence of cysticercosis in these regions. Seizures are thought to be caused by NCC in as many as 30% of adult patients and in 51% of children in population based endemic regions (2) . About 12% of admissions to neurological services in endemic regions are attributed to NCC and nearly half a million deaths occurring annually worldwide can be attributed directly or indirectly to NCC (Bern et al.). Punctate calcific foci on CT scan are a very common finding in asymptomatic people residing in endemic areas, found in 14-20 % of CT scans. Both seizures and positive cysticercus serology are associated with the detection of cysticerci on CT scans. Seroprevalence using a recently developed CDC- based enzyme-linked immunotransfer blot (EITB) assay is estimated at 8-12% in Latin America and 4.9-24% in Africa and South-East Asia. It is estimated that 20 million people harbour neurocysticercosis worldwide(1) .
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20

Nahon, P., G. Coffe, H. Guyader, et al. "Identification of the epiplasmins, a new set of cortical proteins of the membrane cytoskeleton in Paramecium." Journal of Cell Science 104, no. 4 (1993): 975–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.104.4.975.

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In most ciliates, the epiplasm, a superficial cytoskeletal layer of variable thickness, both surrounds basal bodies and interacts tightly with adjacent membrane networks; it constitutes the predominant structure in Paramecium cell ghosts. Previous indirect data suggested several cortical proteins as potential constituents of the epiplasm. New sharp monoclonal antibodies presented in this paper, positive both on immunotransfers and in immunocytochemical tests carried out on permeabilized cells and ultrathin sections, definitively identify the epiplasmins: a set of about twenty protein bands ranging from 45 to 33 kDa and making up the bulk of the epiplasmic layer. The complete epiplasmin pattern characterized from gradient-purified cortex is also present in unfractionated whole cells, confirming that the pattern is not generated artifactually. Comparative one-step extractions, performed either in 1 M KI or in 4 M urea, solubilize the epiplasmins as a whole, indicating that all of them share very similar biochemical properties. Two-dimensional electrophoresis shows the great complexity of this epiplasmin group. Epiplasmin solubilization properties are discussed with respect to other models of membrane-cytoskeleton interaction developed among protists and metazoans and also to intermediate filaments, specially lamins. Immunofluorescent labelling combined with confocal microscopy permits a more detailed study of epiplasm formation at the level of the fission furrow, with new insights into two successive steps of epiplasm growth. A first series of interspecific reactions has been carried out with one of the anti- epiplasmin antibodies, yielding results which are discussed in an evolutionary framework.
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21

Rathjen, F. G., J. M. Wolff, R. Frank, F. Bonhoeffer, and U. Rutishauser. "Membrane glycoproteins involved in neurite fasciculation." Journal of Cell Biology 104, no. 2 (1987): 343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.104.2.343.

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Lectin affinity chromatography combined with mAb production was used to identify chick neural cell surface molecules related to L1 antigen, a mouse neural glycoprotein implicated in cell-cell adhesion (Rathjen, F. G., and M. Schachner, 1984, EMBO (Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.) J., 3:1-10). A glycoprotein, G4 antigen, isolated by mAb G4 from adult chick brain is described which comprises a major 135-kD component, a minor doublet at 190 kD, and diffusely migrating bands at 80 and 65 kD in SDS PAGE. This molecule is structurally related to mouse L1 antigen according to NH2-terminal amino acid sequence (50% identity) as well as the behavior of its components in two-dimensional IEF/SDS PAGE gels. A second chicken glycoprotein, F11 antigen, was isolated from adult chick brain using mAb F11. This protein has also a major 135-kD component and minor components at 170 kD and 120 kD. Both immunotransfer analysis with polyclonal antibodies to mAb G4 and to mAb F11 isolate and the behavior on IEF/SDS PAGE gels indicates that the major 135-kD component of F11 antigen is distinct from G4 antigen components. However, the 135-kD component of F11 antigen shares with G4 antigen and the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) the HNK-1/L2 carbohydrate epitope. In immunofluorescence studies, G4 and F11 antigenic sites were found to be associated mainly with the surface of process-bearing cells, particularly in fiber-rich regions of embryonic brain. Although Fab fragments of polyclonal antibodies to mAbs G4 or F11 immunoaffinity isolate only weakly inhibit the Ca2+-independent aggregation of neural cells, they strongly inhibit fasciculation of retinal axons. Together these studies extend the evidence that bundling of axons reflects the combined effects of a group of distinct cell surface glycoproteins.
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22

JOHNSON, Gerhard J., Linda A. LEIS та Patricia C. DUNLOP. "Specificity of Gαq and Gα11 gene expression in platelets and erythrocytes. Expressions of cellular differentiation and species differences". Biochemical Journal 318, № 3 (1996): 1023–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3181023.

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Gαq and Gα11, members of the Gq family of G-proteins, transduce signals from receptors to the β isoenzymes of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC). The receptor specificity of these α subunits is unknown. Gαq and Gα11 are ubiquitously expressed in tissues; however, there have been conflicting reports of the presence or absence of Gα11 protein in haematopoietic cells. Platelet thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 (TXA2/PGH2) receptors activate PI-PLC via Gαq, but the role of Gα11 is uncertain. To define their roles in platelet activation we studied Gαq and Gα11 gene expression by immunotransfer blotting and by reverse transcription of mRNA followed by PCR (RT–PCR) and direct sequencing. An antiserum specific for mouse Gα11 failed to identify Gα11 in dog or human platelets or in dog liver, a tissue known to contain Gα11. RT–PCR performed with gene-specific primers demonstrated Gαq mRNA, but not Gα11 mRNA, in normal human and mouse platelets and in thromboxane-sensitive and thromboxane-insensitive dog platelets. Studies of mouse and dog liver and human retina confirmed that the cDNA, primers and probes used could amplify and recognize Gα11 in other tissues. However, species-specific oligonucleotide primers and probes were essential to demonstrate Gα11, but not Gαq, mRNA. Compared with mouse cDNA, dog and human Gα11 cDNA had twice as many nucleotide substitutions (approx. 12% compared with approx. 6%) as Gαq. Gαq mRNA was also found in mature erythrocytes but Gα11 mRNA was not identified, whereas both Gαq and Gα11 mRNAs were found in bone marrow stem cells. Therefore Gα11 gene expression in haematopoietic cells is linked with cellular differentiation. The lack of Gα11 indicates that signal transduction from platelet TXA2/PGH2 receptors to PI-PLC occurs via Gαq, and that Gα11 deficiency is not responsible for defective activation of PI-PLC in thromboxane-insensitive dog platelets. Despite the high degree of similarity that exists between Gαq and Gα11, significantly greater species-specific variation in nucleotide sequence is present in Gα11 than in Gαq. Cellular specificity and species specificity are important characteristics of these Gq family G-proteins.
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23

Lutz, Mathias, Andrea Worschech, Sabine Gahn, et al. "Immune Responses Against the Tumor-Associated Antigens WT1, MUC-1, PRAME and HER2/Neu in 114 Prospectively Screened Healthy Donors: Effects of Gender and Prior Pregnancy and Implications for Immunotherapy." Blood 120, no. 21 (2012): 4115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.4115.4115.

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Abstract Abstract 4115 Background: The graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effect is a central component of the stem cell allograft's ability to cure hematological malignancies. While it has become evident that donor-derived T lymphocytes targeting tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) contribute significantly to the GvL effect little is known about the frequency and the origin of TAA-directed immune responses in healthy donors. Here we investigate for the first time their frequency against three well-known and transplant-relevant TAAs (WT1, MUC-1, PRAME) and one well-described TAA in solid tumor immunotherapy (HER2/neu) in a prospective manner considering gender and former pregnancy as potential influencing factors. Material and Methods: To detect the very low frequencies of these antigen-specific CD8+ T cells we have used immunodominant peptides of WT1, MUC-1, PRAME and HER2/neu and a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to measure Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) mRNA production by peptide-pulsed CD8+ T cells from HLA-A*0201-positive healthy volunteers. After obtaining approval by the local ethical committee and written informed consent 114 HLA-A*0201-positive healthy volunteer blood donors were enrolled in this prospective research study including males (median age 40.5 years), nulliparous women (median age 27.5 years) and women with at least one delivery (median age 45.5 years). Each group consisted of 38 individuals as planned in the original study design. Peripheral blood was drawn, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and CD8+ lymphocytes isolated and stimulated with peptide-loaded (0.1 and 10 μM), irradiated T2 cells. IFN-γ mRNA expression was measured by qPCR. The irrelevant melanoma antigen gp100 was used as a negative control and a stimulation index was calculated accordingly. A two-fold change or more as compared to gp100 was considered a positive result. The polyclonal stimulator PMA and a HLA-A*0201 restricted CMV peptide were used as positive controls. Results: Of the screened 114 healthy volunteer donors 17 (15%) showed immune responses against WT1, 8 (7%) against PRAME, 16 (14%) against MUC-1 and 6 (5%) against HER2/neu with one or both peptide concentrations. Comparing nulli- and multiparous women there was no significant difference regarding the frequency of assessed positive immune responses. However, comparing female (n=76) and male donors (n=36) we found that positive immune responses were more frequently present in men. Using the Mann-Whitney test this difference between men and women was significant for HER2/neu (p=0.0478) and reached borderline significance for PRAME (p=0.0677). This data is presented in Figure 1. Conclusions: In this prospectively screened cohort of healthy volunteer donors we could detect positive responses against WT1, MUC-1, PRAME and HER2/neu containing both low and high avidity immune responses. Prior delivery did not increase the frequency of immune responses. Interestingly, men showed a general tendency towards higher frequencies of immune responses to TAAs, particularly to HER2/neu and PRAME. Thus, the exploitation of donor-derived autoimmunity against selected TAAs by improving donor selection and facilitating adoptive immunotransfer of donor-derived T cells may significantly contribute to the control of the malignant disease after allotransplantation. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Lutz, Mathias, Andrea Worschech, Miriam Alb, et al. "Men Show Significantly Higher T Lymphocyte Mediated Immune Responses Against H-Y Than Multiparous Women: Results from a Cross-Sectional Analysis in 114 Volunteer Blood Donors and Implications for Immunotherapy." Blood 124, no. 21 (2014): 3831. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.3831.3831.

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Abstract Background: Immune responses against Y-chromosomal encoded epitopes are well known as a driving force for both strong graft-versus-host (GvH) and graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effects in female-into-male allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCT). Female donors with a history of pregnancies with male infants are likely to carry T lymphocyte based immune responses against minor histocompatibility antigens derived from the Y chromosome (H-Y antigens). A feto-maternal cell transfer and consecutive immunization of the mother forms the likely basis of this phenomenon. Interestingly, male individuals may carry T lymphocyte based immune responses against H-Y as well. So far, little is known about their frequency, their origin and their functionality particularly in light of allogeneic immunotherapy. Therefore, we screened a group of volunteer blood donors including men and women for H-Y responses. This group has been previously reported for immune responses against tumor-associated antigens (Lutz M et al, ASH 2012). Material and Methods:After obtaining local ethical approval and written informed consent 114 HLA-A*02:01-positive healthy volunteer blood donors were enrolled in this scientific study including 38 nulligravidous women with a median age of 28 (21–53) years, 38 primi- or multiparous women with a median age of 46 (28–63) years and 38 men with a median age of 41 (21–56) years, respectively. Peripheral blood was drawn and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated using density gradient centrifugation. CD8+ T lymphocytes were isolated and stimulated with irradiated T2 cells (ATCC CRL-1992) which were pulsed with two different concentrations (0.1 and 10 µM) of the HLA-A*02:01-restricted minor antigen H-Y (FIDSYICQV) to distinguish between low- and high-avidity immune responses. After extraction of total RNA, Interferon gamma (IFNγ) mRNA expression was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). IFNγ mRNA expression was normalized to CD8 mRNA levels and expressed as relative fold change compared to the irrelevant melanoma antigen Glycoprotein 100 (gp100). A two-fold change or more as compared to gp100 was considered as a positive result. Results:Significant immune responses were detected in a small fraction of both women and men using two different peptide concentrations. Interestingly, women with a history of pregnancy did not show higher immune responses than those with no (known) history of pregnancy for both peptide concentrations. However, men showed the highest frequency of positive immune responses for both peptide concentrations. For the higher peptide concentration men showed significantly higher immune responses than nulligravidous (P < 0.05) or primi-/multiparous women (P < 0.01) or all women (P < 0.01). All results of this analysis are depicted in Figure 1. The horizontal line represents the cut-off for positive immune responses (relative fold change of 2.0). Conclusions: The results in women suggest that their immune responses – if not boosted by a further pregnancy or immunotransfer to an allogeneic individual – are short-lived. The detection of H-Y responses in nulligravidous women could be a result of unknown pregnancies in the past. We expected the highest frequency of significant immune responses against H-Y in primi- or multiparous women. However, to our surprise men showed the highest frequency and had significantly higher levels than women. This finding is in line with prior data where we found men to carry frequent immune responses against tumor-associated antigens such as WT1. At the end H-Y may serve as an auto-antigen to men suggesting that continuous gonadal expression of Y-chromosomal encoded antigens maintains these low-avidity autoimmune responses as previously described for cancer/testis antigens (Lutz M et al, ASH 2012). The transfer of these immune responses in a male-to-male HSCT may therefore contribute preferably to the GvL effect and thus be beneficial. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Vasudevan, Prabhakaran, Ranjith K. Moorthy, Grace Rebekah, et al. "Imaging correlates of serum enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB) positivity in patients with parenchymal neurocysticercosis: results from 521 patients." Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, June 22, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/trstmh/trab091.

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Abstract Background The presence of perilesional edema among patients with parenchymal neurocysticercosis (pNCC) of various lesion subtypes has not been correlated with results of serum enzyme-linked immunotransfer blot (EITB) for cysticercal antibodies. Methods In total, 521 patients with pNCC were classified into solitary cysticercus granuloma (SCG), multiple lesions, at least one of which was an enhancing granuloma (GMNCC), solitary calcified cysticercal lesion (SCC) and multiple calcified cysticercal lesions (CMNCC). The proportion of EITB positivity among each lesion subtype and its association with perilesional edema were determined. Results There were significantly higher positive EITB results in patients with GMNCC (90/111, 81.1%) compared with other lesion types. Perilesional edema was associated with positive EITB in patients with CMNCC. On univariate analysis, perilesional edema and GMNCC were associated with EITB positivity. On multivariate analysis, only GMNCC (OR 7.5; 95% CI 3.5 to 16.2) was significantly associated with EITB positivity. Conclusions In patients with pNCC, the presence of perilesional edema is associated with a higher probability of a positive EITB result in patients with CMNCC, suggesting a synchronicity in the mechanisms associated with formation of perilesional edema and the antibody response in this subtype. In patients with enhancing granulomas, edema is not an independent predictor of a positive EITB, suggesting that the enhancement itself is associated with a strong antibody response.
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