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Sun, Guohua. "Active Control of Impact Acoustic Noise." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1413542213.
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Thancanamootoo, Sivananda. "Impact of noise from urban railway operations." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/359.
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This thesis concerns the noise nuisance that results from the operation of urban railways and reports on a case-study of the impact of the Tyneside Metro on residents living in close proximity to the railway tracks. The study was based upon parallel related surveys in the vicinity of Wallsend and Walkergate, during the period August to November 1983: one, a subjective questionnaire survey of perceived noise-nuisance and the other, an objective set of measurements of the actual noise conditions prevailing there. A review of the methods of current practice in the control or urban railway noise demonstrates that regular maintenance of the rails and train wheels is still the most effective way of keeping noise under control at source. Nevertheless, with high speeds of operation, considerable noise nuisance is likely to be experienced by residents nearby. The Metro is the biggest source of noise and noise-nuisance for people exposed to noise levels of over 60 18H Leq dB(A), although the noise annoyance model constructed from the data showed that half of the annoyance felt by respondents could not be explained. Other factors which affect annoyance include vibration, perception of other transport noises, the subjects' ages and whether or not they own the property they occupy. Metro is generally perceived to be quieter and to cause less vibration than the diesel trains (DMUs) which preceded it. The equivalent continuous noise level (Leq) appears to be the most practical of all the various noise indexes for measuring railway noise annoyance. Finally, informal conversation with respondents in the course of a social survey can provide valuable insight into the mental and psychological processes of perception.
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Berry, Maresi (Maresi Ann) 1969. "Graphical method for airport noise impact analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/50429.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-102).
by Maresi Berry.
S.M.
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Qiu, Jin 1974. "Modeling of plate impact dynamics and noise." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80514.
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Strömberg, Caisa. "Noise impact - a liveable or unbearable disturbance - A case study in noise impact during the construction phase of Citybanan and Norra länken." Thesis, KTH, Miljöbedömning och -förvaltning, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-95417.
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Noise is today defined as an unwanted sound that invades the lives of many people in their homes and at work. During a construction phase a large amount of noise is generated that often leads to community complaints. The construction business has to face this issue today when larger infrastructure projects are performed in highly dense areas. Therefore the aim of this Master’s Thesis is to investigate the effect construction noise has on humans and the perceived annoyance in the concerned studied areas, which Bilfinger Berger is contractor for. The impact was studied on both the third party around a construction site on Södermalm, Stockholm and on Bilfinger Berger’s employees on the site. The work concerns three areas, which are situated in the inner city of Stockholm and represent contracts of the infrastructure pro-jects Citybanan and Norra länken. The extensive noise emission during an infrastructure project is affecting the surrounding environment both due to the high noise level that is generated from a number of machines and work activities. Also due to the extensive time frame a project of this kind has. Therefore it is a complex problem to handle and essential for both contractor and client to handle properly. By using appropriate mitigation measures through both the planning stage, the construction phase and clear information towards all parties the impact can be reduced. Through a literature study among the existing science and observations of which mitigation measures are used today to reduce the noise level on sites, a base of theoretical knowledge could be built up for this study. The real noise impact among the affected parties was performed through a survey, which gave results that could be evaluated and discussed. The results from the surveys show that the third party around the workplace is definitely affected by the noise generated from the production. It is also possible to assume that the most affected are persons, which spend a lot of the daytime at home, and therefore feels the noise very disturbing and has to adapt their life after the project’s progress. Through the survey among the employees at Bilfinger Berger a certain acceptance exist towards the noise even if they feel disturbed by the noise. The conclusion drawn from this is that the human attitude to noise impact becomes more positive if they have the knowledge about why and how it arises even if the noise has the same impact on everyone. Therefore the noise issue has to be raised in future projects, even during the tender phase when noise is always easier to control in an earlier stage.
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Ambreen, Iqbal. "Impact of traffic noise pollution on the environment." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31261188.
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Haikonen, Kalle. "Underwater radiated noise from Point Absorbing Wave Energy Converters : Noise Characteristics and Possible Environmental Effects." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-235016.
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The conversion of wave energy into electrical energy has the potential to become a clean and sustainable form of renewable energy conversion. However, like all forms of energy conversion it will inevitably have an impact on the marine environment, although not in the form of emissions of hazardous substances (gases, oils or chemicals associated with anticorrosion). Possible environmental issues associated with wave energy conversion include electromagnetic fields, alteration of sedimentation and hydrologic regimes and underwater radiated noise. Underwater noise has the potential to propagate over long distances and thus have the potential to disturb marine organisms far away from the noise source. There is great variation in the ability to perceive sound between marine organisms, one sound that is clearly audible to one species can be completely inaudible to another. Thus, to be able to determine potential environmental impact from WECs associated with underwater noise, the noise radiated from the WECs must be known. This thesis presents results from studies on the underwater radiated noise from four different full-scale WECs in the Lysekil Wave Power Project. Hydrophones were used to measure the underwater radiated noise from operating point absorbing linear WECs. The main purpose was to study the radiated noise from the operating WECs with emphasis on characteristics such as spectrum levels, Sound Pressure Level (SPL), noise duration and repetition rate. This to be able to determine the origin of the noise and if possible, implement design changes to minimize radiated noise. The results identified two main operational noises (transients with the bulk of the energy in frequencies <1 kHz). The SPL of the radiated noise fluctuated significantly, depending on wave height. Broadband SPLrms of the measurements ranged between ~110 dB and ~140 dB re 1 µPa and SPLpeak of specific noises ranges between ~140 and ~180 dB re µPa. Audibility was estimated range from 1km to 15 km depending critically on species and on assumptions of propagation loss. The noise is not expected to have any negative effects on behaviour or mask any signals, unless in the vicinity (<150m) of the WECs in significant wave heights. No physical damage, even in close vicinity are expected on either fish or marine mammals. Having the aim to have as little impact on the environment a possible, these studies are important. This way precautions can be implemented early in the technical development of this kind of renewable energy converters. The benefits from the WECs the Lysekil wave power project are believed to outweigh possible environmental impacts due to underwater radiated noise.Vid avhandlingens tryckläggning upptäcktes inte att tidpunkt för disputation var fel.
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Cham, Ho-leung. "The impact of noise controls on the construction industry /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13498575.
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Jedari, Fathi Elnaz. "NOISE IMPACT REDUCTION IN CLASSIFICATION APPROACH PREDICTING SOCIAL NETWORKS CHECK-IN LOCATIONS." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2110.
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Since August 2010, Facebook has entered the self-reported positioning world by providing the check-in service to its users. This service allows users to share their physical location using the GPS receiver in their mobile devices such as a smart-phone, tablet, or smart-watch. Over the years, big datasets of recorded check-ins have been collected with increasing popularity of social networks. Analyzing the check-in datasets reveals valuable information and patterns in users’ check-in behavior as well as places check-in history. The analysis results can be used in several areas including business planning and financial decisions, for instance providing location-based deals. In this thesis, we leverage novel data mining methodology to learn from big check-in data and predict the next check-in place based on only places’ history and with no reference to individual users. To this end, we study a large Facebook check-in dataset. This dataset has a high level of noise in location coordinates due to multiple collection sources, which are users’ mobile devices. The research question is how we can leverage a noise impact reduction technique to enhance performance of prediction model. We design our own noise handling mechanism to deal with feature noise. The predictive model is generated by Random Forest classification algorithm in a shared-memory parallel environment. We represent how the performance of predictors is enhanced by minimizing noise impacts. The solution is a preprocessing feature noise cleansing approach implemented in R and works fast for big check-in datasets.
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Cham, Ho-leung, and 湛浩樑. "The impact of noise controls on the construction industry." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31252552.
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Silvestre, Daphné. "Impact of healthy aging on visual internal noise sources." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS362.
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Le vieillissement sans cesse grandissant de la population mondiale est entre autres un problème majeur de l’ordre de la santé publique. Une amélioration du bien-être des personnes âgées est nécessaire afin de prolonger leur autonomie et leur qualité de vie. Un facteur majeur responsable de la perte d’autonomie des personnes âgées est la dégradation de la vision. Cette thèse a pour objectif d’identifier les altérations fonctionnelles et neurobiologiques responsables de la dégradation du traitement visuel chez les personnes âgées en utilisant une approche psychophysique. La perception visuelle a été évaluée grâce à la mesure de sensibilité au contraste qui a ensuite été décomposée en bruit interne équivalent et efficacité de calcul grâce au paradigme de bruit externe. Une première étude avait pour objectif de développer un nouveau paradigme, complémentaire au paradigme du bruit externe, qui permettrait de mieux comprendre les limites de la sensibilité au contraste en fonction des fréquences spatio-temporelles et de la luminance. Ce paradigme permet de décomposer le bruit interne équivalent en trois sources de bruits internes situées à différents niveaux du système visuel : aux photorécepteurs, à la rétine et au cortex visuel. Enfin, notre paradigme fut appliqué au vieillissement afin d’estimer en quelle proportion les trois sources de bruits internes, limitant la sensibilité au contraste, affectaient la perte de vision liée à l’âge. Il a été trouvé que les personnes âgées absorbaient moins de photons que les jeunes dû à des cônes moins efficaces, ce qui pourrait expliquer leur plus grande difficulté à effectuer des tâches à faible luminanceThe unceasing growth of the aging population worldwide is a major public health concern. A major factor responsible for the loss of the elderly’s autonomy is vision loss. This thesis’ aimed to identify the functional and neurobiological alterations responsible for the age-related vision loss using a psychophysical approach. Contrast sensitivity, measuring visual perception, was factorize into equivalent input noise and calculation efficiency. A first study aimed at developing a new paradigm that could give a better understanding of the contrast sensitivity limits with respect to spatio-temporal frequencies and luminance intensity. This paradigm enabled to differentiate the equivalent input noise into three sources of internal noise at different levels of the visual system: at the photoreceptor, retinal and cortical levels. Finally, our paradigm was applied on aging to estimate the proportion in which the three sources of noise were responsible for age-related vision losses. It was found that the elderly absorbed fewer photons than the young adults due to less efficient cones, which could explain their greater difficulties to perform tasks in dim light conditions
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Cosgrove, Marianne S. "PERCEIVED IMPACT OF AMBIENT OPERATING ROOM NOISE BY CERTIFIED REGISTERED NURSE ANESTHETISTS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5963.
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It is widely acknowledged that elevated levels of noise are commonplace in the healthcare environment, particularly in high acuity areas such as the operating room (OR). Excessive ambient noise may pose a threat to patient safety by adversely impacting provider performance and interfering with communication among perioperative care team members. With respect to the certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA), increased ambient OR noise may engender distractibility, diminish situation awareness and cause untoward health effects, thereby increasing the possibility for the occurrence of error and patient injury.
This research project analytically examines the perceived impact of ambient noise in the operating room by CRNAs. Findings from this study reveal that CRNAs perceive elevated noise to be regularly present in the OR, specifically during the critical emergence phase of the anesthetic. However, CRNAs feel that increased noise only occasionally limits their ability to perform procedures, concentrate and communicate with the perioperative team. OR noise rarely interferes with memory retrieval. CRNAs perceive that noise is sometimes a threat to patient safety but infrequently engenders adverse patient outcomes. CRNAs do not perceive noise in the OR to be detrimental to their health but strongly agree that excessive noise can and should be controlled.
Increased ambient OR noise is a veritable reality that may pose a potential threat to patient safety. Further research to identify elevations in noise during critical phases of the anesthetic and delineation of significant contributors to its genesis is warranted.
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Purohit, Vishal. "Signatures of charge noise and its impact on exciton qubits." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11753.
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The research contained within this thesis concerns the detection, identification and effect of charge noise on quantum dot systems. In the first research chapter we study the cross correlation between pairs of exciton qubits subject to a common fluctuating charge environment, whose dynamics are solved using a transfer matrix approach. Our results show that we are able to discern features showing whether or not the charges interact with both quantum dots simultaneously i.e., form a correlated noise source. We find that qubits in a common charge environment display photon bunching, if both dots are driven on resonance or if the laser detunings are equal in both qubits and anitibunching if the laser detunings are in opposite directions. In the second research chapter we study the auto-correlation function of a single optically driven exciton qubit interacting with an environment consisting of 1/f noise and a fluctuating charge. We again use the transfer matrix method and a sum of Lorentzian distributions to approximate 1/f noise. Our simulations show that signatures of 1/f noise do exist in photon correlation measurements. From such measurements we are also able to determine a minimum cut-off frequency of the 1/f noise, in the case that there is such a cut-off. In addition we also show that a 1/f and a single fluctuator can be distinguished using the auto-correlation. In the final research chapter we study a pair of quantum dots, each with a low lying electron spin qubit and one higher lying level that can be selectively optically excited from one of the two spin states. Entanglement between the two spins can be achieved through path erasure. We look at the effect of a single fluctuating charge of the entanglement between these two `L' shaped electronic structures.
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Oppenheimer, Charles Hugh. "Impact-induced noise and vibration in machine systems for design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/12614.
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Kish, Christopher (Christopher John). "An estimate of the global impact of commercial aviation noise." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44932.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-72).
This study estimates the impacts of commercial aviation noise at 181 airports around the world. These airports are located in 38 countries plus Taiwan, with 95 of the airports located in the United States. They are part of the 190 Shell 1 airports in the FAA's Model for Assessing Global Exposure to the Noise of Transport Aircraft (MAGENTA), which comprise an estimated 91% of total global aviation noise exposure [FAA 2008]. The model calculates both physical and monetary impacts of aviation noise. The physical metrics are the number of people exposed to 55 dB or more noise, and the number of people highly annoyed. The model uses a noise depreciation index developed from hedonic pricing studies of housing transactions to monetize the effects on property owners in terms of housing value loss and rent changes. Due to data collection difficulties the impacts are only approximately consistent chronologically. Population data are from the years 2000 and 2001 depending on the country, while house prices and rents are 2006 estimates, and noise levels are for the year 2005. Based on there data, we calculated that around the 181 airports more than 14 million people are exposed to at least 55 dB of commercial aviation noise. Of these individuals, approximately 2.3 million are highly annoyed. We found that the noise resulted in a total of $21 billion of housing value depreciation, which is equivalent to about $1.1 billion per year using a 30-year life of the house and a 3% discount rate, and an additional $800 million of lost rent each year. The impacts are spread over all parts of the world. Although most of the airports included in this study are located in the US and Europe, each continent with an airport in the study had airports with greater than $100 million in housing value loss and greater than 200,000 exposed people.
(cont.) Furthermore, North America, Europe, and Asia each had examples of airports with an estimated $80 million in annualized housing value loss ($1 billion total), 400,000 people exposed to 55 dB, and $25 million in yearly lost rent. We also examined potential changes to these impacts in the future for a scenario with no technological or operational advances to reduce noise (with the exception of retirement of older aircraft in the fleet). Based on an assumption of 2-3% annual growth rates in operations at these airports between 2005 and 2035 with no noise-technology improvements, we found that the undiscounted housing value and rent loss could approximately double by 2035 while the population exposed to 55 dB and highly annoyed could increase by about 70%. These results demonstrate the potential gains from further advances in aircraft technology and operations to mitigate community noise.
by Christopher KIsh.
S.M.
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Debost, Sophie. "Valve seating impact as a source of valve train noise." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11780.
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Chorti, Arsenia. "The impact of circuit nonlinearities and noise in OFDM receivers." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.570758.
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Nimmagadda, Srinivas 1968. "Simultaneous switching noise and its impact on CMOS digital systems." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278252.
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Simultaneous switching noise was calculated for a number of CMOS drivers switching together. CMOS receiver noise immunity and the feed through of simultaneous switching noise from a D.C. "ON" driver were studied. The effects of skewing output driver switching on the simultaneous switching noise were explained. The performance trade-offs in using a damping resistor to minimize switching noise were analyzed. A distributed lumped equivalent model has been developed to model signal propagation over noisy reference planes, and thereby to accurately predict the overall noise levels in a system. The impact of package pin distribution on noise on the reference plane was analyzed.
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Synodinos, Athanasios. "A new framework for estimating noise impact of novel aircraft." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/416509/.
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Air traffic demand is forecast to significantly grow during the next few years. To compensate for the associated potential increase of aviation environmental impact, ambitious aircraft noise and emissions reduction goals have been set by several organisations worldwide. Accommodating these goals requires planning new mitigation strategies involving technological advances, optimised flight operations, and novel aircraft concepts. Methods for predicting the impact of potential mitigation strategies is vital to support effective planning. This thesis presents a new framework for estimating the noise impact of mitigation strategies (i.e. involving each or both of technological and operational changes) aspiring to: a) bypass the dependance on empirical flyover data and hence enable impact assessment of novel aircraft and operations, b) be independent of specific noise prediction methods and confidential inputs that are normally required by many noise prediction tools, c) have low computational requirements and thus be efficient in parametric studies, and d) provide inputs to emissions prediction tools, facilitating a more holistic strategic mitigation that considers various environmental concerns. The crux of the framework developed is that rather than seeking absolute noise values, it computationally estimates the noise impact of mitigation strategies, starting from a baseline scenario for which noise levels are known. This eliminates the need for measurements whilst minimising complexity and dependance on confidential inputs. Noise and emissions interdependencies are incorporated by expressing noise changes as a function of thrust, which is a common influencing parameter. In addition, the framework provides means for deriving purely computational NPD curves, enabling the construction of noise exposure contour maps for future aircraft and contemporary operations. The framework’s applicability on innovative flight operations and its capability of including the interdependencies between noise and emissions is demonstrated by estimating the environmentally-optimum approach and takeoff angles for civil aircraft of different sizes. The applicability to novel aircraft is displayed through noise estimations (including noise exposure contours) for various electric aircraft featuring Distributed Electric Propulsion (DEP), as well as for a Blended-Wing-Body (BWB) aircraft. The results obtained for future scenarios generally conform with the expected trends (deriving from e.g. higher-fidelity tools or historical trends) highlighting the framework’s great potential and usefulness in contributing in effective planning and decision-making.
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Watson, J'ai. "Impact of Noise on Nurses in Pediatric Intensive Care Units." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1378393887.
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Kakkar, Aditya. "Frequency Noise in Coherent Optical Systems: Impact and Mitigation Methods." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Optik och Fotonik, OFO, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-207072.
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The increase in capacity demand along with the advancement in digital signal processing (DSP) have recently revived the interest in coherent optical communications and led to its commercialization. However, design and development of robust DSP algorithms for example for carrier phase recovery (CPR) becomes complex as we opt for high order modulation formats such as 16QAM and beyond. Further, electrical-domain dispersion compensation (EDC), while providing many advantages, makes the system more susceptible to laser frequency noise (FN). For instance, in coherent optical links with post-reception EDC, while the transmitter frequency noise causes only phase impairment, the local oscillator (LO) FN in these systems results in a noise enhancement in both amplitude and phase. This noise is commonly known as equalization enhanced phase noise (EEPN). It results in asymmetric requirements for transmitter laser and LO laser. Further, the system design in the presence of lasers with non-white frequency noise becomes increasingly challenging for increased capacity-distance product. The main contributions of this thesis are, firstly, an experimentally validated theory of coherent optical links with lasers having general non-white frequency noise spectrum and corresponding system/laser design criteria and mitigation technique. Secondly, low complexity and high phase noise tolerant CPR for high order modulation formats. The general theory propounded in this thesis elucidates the origin of the laser frequency noise induced noise enhancement in coherent optical links with different DSP configurations. The thesis establishes the existence of multiple frequency noise regimes and shows that each regime results in different set of impairments. The influence of the impairments due to some regimes can ideally be reduced by optimizing the corresponding mitigation algorithms, while other regimes cause irretrievable impairments. Experimentally validated theoretical boundaries of these regimes and corresponding criteria applicable to system/laser design are provided. Further, an EEPN mitigation method and its two possible implementations are proposed and discussed. The thesis also demonstrates an intrinsic limitation of the conventional Blind Phase Search (BPS) algorithm due to angular quantization and provides methods to overcome it. Finally, this thesis proposes and demonstrates single stage and multi-stage carrier phase recovery algorithms for compensation of phase impairments due to the two lasers for higher order circular and square modulations. The proposed methods outperform the state of art algorithms both in performance and in complexity.QC 20170516
European project ICONE gr. #608099
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Merchant, Nathan. "Measuring underwater noise exposure from shipping." Thesis, University of Bath, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633173.
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Levels of underwater noise in the open ocean have been increasing since at least the 1960s due to growth in global shipping traffic and the speed and propulsion power of vessels. This rise in noise levels reduces the range over which vocal marine species can communicate, and can induce physiological stress and behavioural responses, which may ultimately have population-level consequences. Although long-term noise trends have been studied at some open-ocean sites, in shallower coastal regions the high spatiotemporal variability of noise levels presents a substantial methodological challenge, and trends in these areas are poorly understood. This thesis addresses this challenge by introducing new techniques which combine multiple data sources for ship noise assessment in coastal waters. These data include Automatic Identification System (AIS) ship-tracking data, shore-based time-lapse footage, meteorological data, and tidal data. Two studies are presented: in the first, AIS data and acoustic recordings from Falmouth Bay in the western English Channel are combined using an adaptive threshold, which separates ship passages from background noise in the acoustic data. These passages are then cross-referenced with AIS vessel tracks, and the noise exposure associated with shipping activity is then determined. The second study, at a site in the Moray Firth, Scotland, expanded the method to include shore-based time-lapse footage, which enables visual corroboration of vessel identifications and the production of videos integrating the various data sources. Two further studies examine and enhance basic analysis techniques for ambient noise monitoring. The first study examines averaging metrics and their applicability to the assessment of noise from shipping. Long-term data from the VENUS observatory are empirically assessed for different averaging times and in the presence of outliers. It is concluded that the mean sound pressure level averaged in linear space is most appropriate, in terms of both standardization and relevance to impacts on marine fauna. In the second study, a new technique for the statistical analysis of long-term passive acoustic datasets, termed spectral probability density (SPD), is introduced. It is shown that the SPD can reveal characteristics such as multimodality, outlier influence, and persistent self-noise, which are not apparent using conventional techniques. This helps to interpret long-term datasets, and can indicate whether an instrument’s dynamic range is appropriate to field conditions. Taken together, the contributions presented in this thesis help to establish a stronger methodological basis for the assessment of shipping noise. These methods can help to inform emerging policy initiatives, efforts to standardise underwater noise measurements, and investigation into the effects of shipping noise on marine life.
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Patel, Lopa. "Noise Pollution/Reduction Education for Frontline Staff in the Acute Care Setting." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6942.
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Noise levels in hospital settings have risen beyond the recommended range of 35-40 decibels, resulting in poor patient healing outcomes and other health conditions ranging from sleep deprivation, anxiety, agitation, delirium, depression, and high heart rate and blood pressure. These negative patient health experiences are evidenced by poor scores for the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems, which are indicators of patients' perceptions of care. This project explored whether an educational activity for 48 direct care staff, who include registered nurses and nursing assistants, in a cardiac unit on the impact of noise pollution on patient healing would increase staff members' knowledge of interventions to reduce noise pollution. The information processing theory guided this project. Eighty-nine percent of the participants strongly agreed that the educational activity was relevant to their practice as health care providers on the cardiac monitored unit. All participants strongly agreed that they would be able to identify when the unit was noisy and when noise was impacting a patient both physiologically and psychologically. Participants indicated that they could implement the suggested behavioral modifications to promote a healing environment. Participants strongly agreed that the speaker was effective in communicating the importance of noise pollution and its impact on patient healing and ways in which to combat the problem (89%), and they were generally satisfied with the learning activity (91%). Reducing noise pollution might create a healing environment for cardiac patients, thus positively impacting patient satisfaction and well-being.
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Younan, Hany Reffat. "Energy consumption and noise generation in the impact cutting of polymers." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/38203.
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THOMPSON, KIERSTEN LYN. "PRIOR COMBINED SOLVENT AND NOISE EXPOSURE AND ITS IMPACT ON HEARING." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1054223886.
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Hosseini-Hashemi, S. "The sound and vibration resulting from the impact of spheres." Thesis, City University London, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370937.
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McMillan, Alison Jane. "A theoretical investigation of the role of vibration in elastic impact." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317154.
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Biggs, Andrew John Grainge. "The impact of airport noise : a case study of Vancouver International Airport." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28709.
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The principal concern of this paper is the valuation of the impact of aircraft noise associated with Vancouver International Airport on residents living close to the flight paths.
In surveying previous research relevant to the valuation of the impact of airport noise, the paper selects a property value approach in which the residential property market is used as a surrogate for airport noise nuisance (on the premise that noisier areas will have lower house prices than quieter areas, ceteris paribus). The selected approach involves undertaking hedonic price modelling in which multiple regression is used to estimate property value, and from which the value of one attribute, exposure to airport noise, may be obtained implicitly. Noise is measured by the Noise Exposure Forecast (NEF) technique, a widely used procedure for measuring airport noise.
Several theoretical concerns with the approach are addressed before reviewing the results of previous airport noise studies which use hedonic price models. The results of these models may be reported in terms of noise-property value relationships, measured by a noise depreciation sensitivity index (NDSI). If the functional form of noise
is linear against the natural logarithm of property value, the NDSI will equal the value of the noise coefficient and will be constant regardless of the absolute price of the property. The NDSI figures for previous studies range from about 0.40 to 1.10 percent per decibel for 1967 to 1976 data, with a simple average of about 0.61 percent.
Of the two general model types reported, the one involving individual property sales data is considered superior to that using only census information. The model designed for this study uses individual price data for 1987 single-detached property sales in the Township of Richmond (where the majority of noise-affected properties are situated). Data for physical, area, public sector, accessibility and other characteristics are obtained from various sources to enable the modelling of some 1539 sales. Two data sets are tested with 44 variables initially collected for each: one set involving only those properties inside the NEF 25 noise zone (assumed to be affected by airport noise), the other involving all properties. For each data set alternative functional forms are tested, as are several approaches for explaining noise (continuous or dummy variables, and different assumed thresholds). Of the eleven models reported, the preferred model includes only those single-detached properties exposed to NEF 25 or higher where the natural log of sales price is regressed against sixteen independent variables including a continuous form of the
noise variable (NEF level) The model has an adjusted R2 value of .634, and a noise coefficient of -.006484 - implying a one unit increase in noise results in more than half of a percent decrease in property price (NDSI equals 0.65). The 95 percent confidence interval for this variable is -.0097 to -.0033. Preliminary analysis of the model type using census data is also reported.
Certain matters of interpretation are discussed before attempting a preliminary application in the setting of Vancouver International Airport in which the noise impact of a third runway is indicated.
What distinguishes the modelling for Vancouver International Airport from the previous studies is the high quality of individual data, the large sample size, the testing of several forms for the noise variable(s) and the exploration of alternative noise thresholds. Notwithstanding this, the study concludes by outlining several areas for further research.Business, Sauder School of
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Gnanakumarr, Max Mahadevan. "Integrated investigation of impact-induced noise and vibration in vehicular drivetrain systems." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2004. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/11575.
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This thesis highlights one of the most significant concerns that has preoccupied drivetrain engineers in recent times, namely drivetrain clonk. Clonk is an unacceptable audible sound, which is accompanied by a tactile drivetrain response. This may occur under several different driving conditions. Many drivetrain NVH concerns are related to impact loading of subsystems down-line of engine. These concerns are induced by power torque surge through engagement and disengagement processes, which may propagate through various transmission paths as structural waves. The coincidence of these waves with the acoustic modes of sub-system components leads to audible responses, referred to as clonk. The approach usually undertaken and reported in literature is either purely theoretical or constitutes experimental observation of vehicle conditions. A few research workers have reported rig-based investigations, but not under fully dynamic conditions with controlled and reproducible impulsive action. The research reported in this thesis combines experimental and numerical investigation of high frequency behaviour of light truck drivetrain systems, when subjected to sudden impulsive action, due to driver behaviour. The problem is treated as a multi-physics interactive phenomenon under transient conditions. The devised numerical method combines multi-body dynamics, structural modal analysis, impact dynamics in lash zones and acoustic analysis within an overall investigation framework. A representative drivetrain system rig is designed and implemented, and controlled tests simulating driver behaviour undertaken. The combined numerical predictions and experimental noise and vibration monitoring has highlighted the fundamental aspects of drivetrain behaviour. Good agreement is' also found between the detailed numerical approach and the experimental findings. Novel methods of measurement such as Laser Doppler Vibrometery have been employed. Simultaneous measurements of vibration and noise radiation confirm significant elasto-acoustic coupling at high impact energy levels. One of the major finds of the thesis is the complex nature of the clonk signal, being a combination of accelerative and ringing noise, with the latter also comprising of many other lower energy content as observed in the case of transmission rattle and bearing-induced responses. Therefore, the link between rattle and clonk, long suspected, but not hitherto shown has been confirmed in the thesis. Another major find of particular commercial interest is the insignificant contribution of torsional damping devices such as dual mass flywheels upon the accelerative component of the clonk response.
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Nedev, Nedko H. "Analysis of the impact of impulse noise in digital subscriber line systems." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1366.
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In recent years, Digital subscriber line (DSL) technology has been gaining popularity as a high speed network access technology, capable of the delivery of multimedia services. A major impairment for DSL is impulse noise in the telephone line. However, evaluating the data errors caused by this noise is not trivial due to its complex statistical nature, which until recently had not been well understood, and the complicated error mitigation and framing techniques used in DSL systems. This thesis presents a novel analysis of the impact of impulse noise and the DSL framing parameters on transmission errors, building on a recently proposed impulse noise model. It focuses on errors at higher protocol layers, such as asynchronous transfer mode (ATM), in the most widely used DSL version, namely Asymmetric DSL (ADSL). The impulse noise is characterised statistically through its amplitudes, duration, inter-arrival times, and frequency spectrum, using the British Telecom / University of Edinburgh / Deutsche Telekom (BT/UE/DT) model. This model is broadband, considers both the time and the frequency domains, and accounts for the impulse clustering. It is based on recent measurements in two different telephone networks (the UK and Germany) and therefore is the most complete model available to date and suited for DSL analysis. A new statistical analysis of impulse noise spectra from DT measurements shows that impulse spectra can be modelled with three spectral components with similar bandwidth statistical distributions. Also, a novel distribution of the impulse powers is derived from the impulse amplitude statistics. The performance of a generic ADSL modem is investigated in an impulse noise and crosstalk environment for different bit rates and framing parameters. ATM cell and ADSL frame error rates, and subjective MPEG2 video quality are used as performance metrics. A new modification of a bit loading algorithm is developed to enable stable convergence of the algorithm with trellis coding and restricted subtone constellation size. It is shown that while interleaving brings improvement if set at its maximum depth, at intermediate depths it actually worsens the performance of all considered metrics in comparison with no interleaving. No such performance degradation is caused by combining several symbols in a forward error correction (FEC) codeword, but this burst error mitigation technique is only viable at low bit rates. Performance improvement can also be achieved by increasing the strength of FEC, especially if combined with interleaving. In contrast, trellis coding is ineffective against the long impulse noise error bursts. Alien as opposed to kindred crosstalk degrades the error rates and this is an important issue in an unbundled network environment. It is also argued that error free data units is a better performance measure from a user perspective than the commonly used error free seconds. The impact of impulse noise on the errors in DSL systems has also been considered analytically. A new Bernoulli-Weibull impulse noise model at symbol level is proposed and it is shown that other models which assume Gaussian distributed impulse amplitudes or Rayleigh distributed impulse powers give overly optimistic error estimates in DSL systems. A novel bivariate extension of the Weibull impulse amplitudes is introduced to enable the analysis of orthogonal signals. Since an exact closed-form expression for the symbol error probability of multi-carrierQAM assuming Bernoulli-Weibull noise model does not exist, this problem has been solved numerically. Multi-carrier QAM is shown to perform better at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), but worse at low SNR than single carrier QAM, in both cases because of the spreading of noise power between subcarriers. Analytical expressions for errors up to frame level in the specific case of ADSL are then derived from the impulse noise model, with good agreement with simulation results. The Bernoulli-Weibull model is applied to study the errors in single-pair highspeed DSL (SHDSL). The performance of ADSL is found to be better when the burst error mitigation techniques are used, but SHDSL has advantages if low bit error rate and low latency are required.
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Legg, Peter Jonathon. "The impact of interferometric noise on the performance of optical communication networks." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1995. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21336.
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Interferometric noise, arising on the interference of data and parasitic crosstalk and common to many current and proposed fibre optic communication networks, may induce unacceptable power penalties and bit-error-rate floors. This work addresses key aspects of this problem via experiment and theoretical analysis: the origin and characteristics of the noise, the resultant performance degradation of optical networks, and solution paths. The study of a single crosstalk interferer generates a classification of all interferometric noise forms and reveals the key properties of probability density function and power spectrum. Performance degradation from theory and experiment agree closely. The aggregation of multiple crosstalk terms is analysed and the validity of Gaussian statistics, predicted by the Central Limit Theorem, is demonstrated. It is predicted that the total crosstalk level of noise generating terms should be held below -25 dB for a penalty of less than I dB - a further 2 to 4 dB may lead to network failure. Optical TDM switching networks, constructed from discrete lithium niobate directional couplers of -15 dB isolation, and delay lines, illustrate the importance of interferometric noise. Larger networks are modelled on a computer simulator (XFlatch) that tracks all crosstalk waveforms, calculates both interferometric and amplifier noise, and thus the bit-error-rate. A bilateral approach is proposed to manage interferometric noise; crosstalk power is minimised and noise owing to the residual crosstalk is RF rejected. Several methods are critically discussed. A novel technique, exploiting intra-bit frequency evolution of directly modulated DFB lasers in response to injection heating, is introduced and critically assessed.
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Kight, Caitlin Rebecca. "Acoustics of anthropogenic habitats: The impact of noise pollution on eastern bluebirds." W&M ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616712.
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An increasing number of habitats are affected by anthropogenic noise pollution, which is often louder, has a different frequency emphasis, and may occur over a different temporal scale, than natural noise. An increasing number of studies indicate that acoustically-communicating animals in such areas can modify their vocalizations in order to make themselves heard over the noise, but many questions still remain, including: How taxonomically widespread is vocal flexibility in response to anthropogenic noise, and do all vocally flexible species employ the same mechanisms to escape acoustic masking? Are there fitness repercussions for living, communicating, and breeding in noisy habitats? and, can particular habitat features be used to predict environmental noise levels and sound propagation characteristics? Here, I present data collected from the breeding territories of eastern bluebirds (Sialia sialis ) to address each of these questions. My results add another species to the list of those who are able to avoid acoustic masking by modifying temporal and spectral traits of vocalizations. I also show that anthropogenic noise is associated with changes in several eastern bluebird breeding parameters. Finally, I demonstrate that both anthropogenic noise levels and sound propagation traits can be predicted by particular habitat characteristics.
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Clements, Adam. "The impact and measurement of the intensity of noise in stock returns." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002.
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The development of financial economics literature has been characterised by a continual dialogue between empirical and theoretical researchers. Often, this dialogue has taken the form of empirical observation prompting theoretical enquiry. This thesis follows this long tradition by investigating a number of emerging empirical facts, for which in most cases, simple theoretical explanations are suggested. Broadly speaking, this thesis investigates the manner in which the level of activity in an asset market influences the empirical features exhibited by the asset's returns. Motivated by these empirical observations reported in this thesis, theoretical models based on heterogeneous trader behaviour are suggested as explanations of these observations.
A body of widely accepted empirical facts are first re-evaluated with reference to three representative equity indices. Features such as linear dependence in expected returns, dependence in the volatility of returns and negative correlation between returns and volatility innovations are found to be common characteristics of index returns. A number of authors have documented the emerging fact that the presence of non-linearity in returns is transitory in nature. A central issue of this thesis is to propose a rationale for this as yet unexplained phenomenon. Within a model of trader interaction, it is shown that the intensity of noise trading is critically important for the presence of nonlinear price outcomes. Increases in the intensity of noise trading are shown to extinguish non-linear structure in simulated returns. Analysis of index returns lends support to this notion in that periods of returns that exhibit more intense noise are associated with linearity. Issues relating to the accurate and efficient measurement of noise are discussed in detail. It is found that when dealing with stock returns, simple standard deviation of returns is a valid approximation to the intensity of noise in returns. As the presence of non-linearity in returns does not appear to be a persistent feature, the link between market activity and linear dependence in returns is also investigated. Using a similar model of trader interaction, it is shown that when the rate of news arrival is relatively low (high) strong (weak) positive autocorrelations are detected. Broadly consistent patterns are also detected in index returns, supporting the notion that news influences the behavioural patterns of investors and thus observed structure in returns.
Another emerging empirical fact documented in this thesis is the manner in which the intensity of noise in returns influences dependence in the volatility of returns. An accepted feature of the dependence in volatility is that an asymmetry exists between returns and volatility innovations. It is shown here that during periods where the intensity of noise in returns is relatively high, this asymmetrical effect becomes more pronounced. While no formal explanation of this observation is suggested, this exercise has followed in the tradition of much research in investigating empirical phenomena as a first step in expanding our understanding of asset markets.
The results reported throughout this thesis are important from two perspectives. First, they expand upon our knowledge of the empirical features of asset returns in that emerging facts are re-evaluated and new facts documented. Second, given the theoretical explanations proposed for these observations, insights into the behavioural mechanisms generating returns are also revealed.
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Kvist, Eric, and Rhodin Sandro Lockvall. "A comparative study between MLP and CNN for noise reduction on images : The impact of different input dataset sizes and the impact of different types of noise on performance." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259654.
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Images damaged by noise present a problem that can be addressed by performing noise-reduction using neural networks. This thesis analyses the performance of two different neural networks, a Mulilayer Perceptron (MLP) and a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), when performing noise reduction on images. Specifically focusing on the impact of the size of dataset used to train the two different kinds of neural networks has on the performance, as well as how well these two networks perform when reducing different types of noise. This in an attempt to determine whether the use of the more modern type of network, the CNN, performs better than the older type of network, the MLP, specifically for image noise reduction. The results show as expected that the MLP performs worse than the CNN, also that the impact of the size of the dataset and choice of noise to be reduced is, albeit of great impact on the performance, not as important as the choice of neural network.Bilder som är utsatta för brus är ett problem som kan adresseras genom att utföra brusreduktion med hjälp av neurala nätverk. I denna studie analyseras effekt-skillnader i brusredusering av bilder för två olika typer av neurala nätverk, en Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) och ett konvolutionellt neuralt nätverk (CNN). Fokus ligger specifikt på hur indatans storlek under träningen, är påverkad av två olika typer av neuronnätverk samt hur bra dessa två neurala nätverk presterar när de reducerar olika typer av brus. Detta i ett försök att avgöra om användningen av den modernare typen av nätverk, CNN har högre prestanda än den äldre typen, MLP för brusreducering. Resultaten visar som förväntat att MLP:n fungerar sämre än CNN:n, också att effekten av indatans storlek och valet av brus att reduceras är, trots att de båda har en stor inverkan på prestandan, inte lika viktigt som valet av neuralt nätverk.
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AL-KHABBAZ, AHMAD ABDALLA. "MODELING AVIATION FACILITIES IMPACT ON RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY VALUES." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184124.
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The purpose was to evaluate airport impact on nearby residential property values (RPV). The hypothesis was that a relationship between noise levels, and nearby RPV could be identified and quantified. The objective was to model a relationship between housing location with respect to an airport and housing value, taking into consideration other relevant factors. Evaluation of aviation facilities impact on RPV was based on a sample of 587 single-family houses sold during 1984 and 1985. Selling price was used as the dependent variable. Independent variables included physical characteristics of a house, distance to the closest airport, accessibility of a house to the urban area, and supply and demand for houses. Distance to nearest airport was used as a surrogate for aircraft noise level. Study indicated that impact of aviation facilities on RPV could be quantified using selling price of a house as the dependent variable and distance from an airport as a primary independent variable along with physical characteristics of a house. Effect of an airport on RPV appears dependent not only on distance, but also on type of airport and selling price of a house. Davis-Monthan Airport (DM), a military airport, has a significantly greater impact than Tucson International Airport (TIA), a commercial airport. DM impact was greatest on houses priced above sample median. However, lower priced houses were effected more when the impact was expressed as a percent of selling price. DM impact area was approximately 2 miles from the airport, while TIA impact was about 1 mile from the facility. Distance from DM was the most significant variable in describing variation in selling price for houses closest to this facility. Living area of a house was also a very significant variable. Distance to TIA was not very significant in evaluating selling price variation. Living area and age of a house were generally the most significant variables describing selling price variation for TIA subset.
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Grimes, Jeffrey Scott. "The impact of a noise stressor on capsaicin-induced primary and secondary hyperalgesia." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/249.
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In searching for new human pain models that more closely resemble clinical pain states, the capsaicin pain model has emerged as a viable model for both inflammatory and neuropathic pain states. A principal benefit of the capsaicin model is that it allows study of two different pain processes, primary and secondary hyperalgesia. Primary hyperalgesia is characterized by spontaneous pain and both heat and mechanical hyperalgesia. In addition, it is likely the result of activation and sensitization of both peripheral and central nociceptors. In contrast, secondary hyperalgesia is characterized by only mechanical hyperalgesia and is caused by the sensitization of central nociceptive neurons. Previous research utilizing the capsaicin pain model has primarily focused on the neural properties with little focus on the impact of affective states on capsaicin-related pain processes. The present study examined the impact of a noise stressor on both primary and secondary hyperalgesia. Results indicated that the effects of the noise stressor impacted secondary hyperalgesia, but not primary hyperalgesia.
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Matsumoto, Takashi. "Impact of Bias Temperature Instability and Random Telegraph Noise on CMOS Logic Circuits." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/199461.
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Tarassoff, Peter Stuart. "A hedonic model of the impact of localized aircraft noise on housing values /." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69692.
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The market becomes inefficient when externalities cause market failure. However, an externality does not entrain inefficiency if a market other than the one that generates it accounts for it in some way. Airports are a well-known source of the negative externality noise; and housing market are commonly thought to be affected by airport noise. A hedonic model was applied to airport noise and the housing market, together. It was found that the housing market of the West Island of Montreal did account implicitly for the noise annoyance from Dorval Airport, hence that the noise was a pecuniary externality. Moreover, each additional unit of noise annoyance (NEFdB) was found to cause an average depreciation in housing price (NDSI) of 0.76%. Finally, the linguistic predominance (French- or English-speaking) of a neighhourhood's residents may be an appropriate Canadian analogue for the racial variables that have been specified in some hedonic property models in the U.S.
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Linus, Sångberg. "Investigating the Impact of Water Injection on Noise Generation During Rocket Lift-Off." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Rymdteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-87278.
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This thesis aim to provide SSC, Swedish Space Corporation, with a foundation for understanding the key ideas behind water injection during rocket lift-off, including problems to be avoided when simulating the phenomena. This investigation focus on finding approaches suitable for obtaining a rough estimate of the reduction in noise generation, when too expensive equipment required is absent. The main idea was to compare different methods at the end as an alternative suitable way of verifying, since validation data was not available. The setup of the simulations consisted of two cases, one with water injection and the second case was without, and they were simulated the OpenFOAM software while the mesh was constructed using the GMSH software. A 1D analytical prediction model was computed using Matlab to estimate the noise generated. The result of the simulation showed an error of approximately 300-400 m/s within the rocket engine when compared to the Rocket Propulsion Analysis (RPA) software result. The maximum sound pressure level without water injection (SPL) from the analytical prediction model, ended up at approximately 172dB as well as 164dB depending on where it was "recorded". The maximum SPL with water injection was approximately 7dB lower in both recorded locations which was achieved by using optimal initial values. The biggest error observed by researches using this prediction model is approximately +2 dB above the real value. However, the error from this specific setup could not be estimated. The challenges and approximations encountered throughout this investigation is thoroughly discussed within the thesis and despite the absence of accurate results this investigation provides a thorough insight into water injection during rocket lift-off, with the potential of achieving better results using a more advanced solver in OpenFOAM.
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Kenny, Heather Violet. "Female Aggression Level Mediates The Impact Of Anthropogenic Noise Pollution In Eastern Bluebirds." W&M ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1616444446.
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We asked whether anthropogenic noise and animal personality interact to influence the settlement patterns and parental behaviors of individual eastern bluebirds (Sialia sialis) in a suburban landscape. Our hypothesis was that individuals with bold-type personalities would be less sensitive to noise pollution because they are more risk-tolerant. We collected repeated measures of neophobia, aggression, and nestling feeding rate in adult bluebirds while manipulating the sound environment at nest boxes. First, we added a recording of traffic noise during the nestling stage. We found that when exposed to experimental noise, aggressive females had higher feeding rates than less-aggressive females. Individual bluebirds were moderately repeatable in aggression and neophobia, but the two behaviors did not correlate to form bold-type and shy-type personalities. In a second experiment, we manipulated the noise environment during territory establishment, nest-building, and egg-laying. We found that less-aggressive females tended to settle in noise-treated nests, and these females delayed egg-laying by an average of four days, although this was not statistically different from controls. These results suggest that female aggression level is important for mediating the effects of anthropogenic noise pollution on this population bluebirds by influencing spatial arrangement and noise exposure, by directly delaying egg-laying, and by influencing nestling feeding rate. By identifying the role of personality in mediating human impacts on animal populations, we can implement more finely tuned conservation and management programs.
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Lekan, Michael D. "Impact of Bilateral Filter Parameters on Medical Image Noise Reduction and Edge Preservation." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1263404507.
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Eakins, Kaylee Marie. "Impact of Noise Level on Task Performance and Workload and Correlation to Personality." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1527162272457947.
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Laws, Nathan. "A Parabolic Equation Analysis of the Underwater Noise Radiated by Impact Pile Driving." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1083.
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Impact pile driving can produce extremely high underwater sound levels, which are of increasing environmental concern due to their deleterious effects on marine wildlife. Prediction of underwater sound levels is important to the assessment and mitigation of the environmental impacts caused by pile driving. Current prediction methods are limited and do not account for the dynamic pile driving source, inhomogeneities in bathymetry and sediment, or physics-based sound wave propagation.
In this thesis, a computational model is presented that analyzes and predicts the underwater noise radiated by pile driving and is suitable for shallow, inhomogeneous environments and long propagation ranges. The computational model uses dynamic source models from recent developments in the technical literature. Pile source models are coupled to a broadband application of the range-dependent acoustic model (RAMPE), a standard parabolic equation (PE) propagation code capable of modeling wave propagation through complex, range dependent environments. Simulation results are shown to be in good agreement with several observations of pile driving operations in the Columbia River between Portland, Oregon and Vancouver, Washington. The model is further applied to extend sound level predictions over the entire river and study the effects of sediment and bathymetry on the underwater sound levels present in the environment.
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Kim, Hyun Sung. "Statistical static timing analysis considering the impact of power supply noise in VLSI circuits." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1902.
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Kamruzzaman, Mohammad [Verfasser]. "Study of Turbulence Anisotropy and Its Impact on Flow Induced Noise Emission / Mohammad Kamruzzaman." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1024242862/34.
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Hayden, Belva J. "Two-dimensional analysis of rotor suction and the impact on rotor-stator interaction noise." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46439.
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Keller, William. "Wind farm noise impact in France: A proposition of acoustic model improvements for predicting energy production." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-152229.
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Despite all environmental and economic advantages of wind power, noise emission remains an issue for population acceptance. In France, the current noise emission regulation defines noise emergence level thresholds, leading to wind turbine curtailment. Great energy generation losses and thus lost revenues are at stake. This master thesis presents current acoustic campaigns conducted for the development of a wind power project in France and proposes acoustic model improvements to predict curtailment losses before the construction of the wind farm. It first gives insights about the French wind power context and a literature review of available technologies to reduce noise emission from the blades. It then presents the particularities of French regulation of emergence levels and the use of the norm NFS 31-114 during the commissioning acoustic control. It explains the current acoustic model used at the development stage to predict noise emission and curtailment and finally proposes improvements such as considering the topography, the environmental characteristics and the use of uncertainties.
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de, Luis Jorge. "A Process for the Quantification of Aircraft Noise and Emissions Interdependencies." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24618.
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The main purpose of this dissertation is to develop a process to improve actual policy-making procedures in terms of aviation environmental effects. This research work expands current practices with physics based publicly available models. The process herein proposed provides information regarding the interdependencies between the environmental effects of aircraft. These interdependencies are also tied to the actual physical parameters of the aircraft and the engine, making it more intuitive for decision-makers to understand the impacts to the vehicle due to different policy scenarios. These scenarios involve the use of fleet analysis tools in which the existing aircraft are used to predict the environmental effects of imposing new stringency levels. The aircraft used are reduced to a series of coefficients that represent their performance, in terms of flight characteristics, fuel burn, noise, and emissions. These coefficients are then utilized to model flight operations and calculate what the environmental impacts of those aircraft are. If a particular aircraft does not meet the stringency to be analyzed, a technology response is applied to it, in order to meet that stringency. Depending on the level of reduction needed, this technology response can have an effect on the fuel burn characteristic of the aircraft. The proposed alternative is to create a fleet of replacement aircraft to the current fleet that does not meet stringency. These replacement aircraft represent the achievable physical limits for state of the art systems. In addition, the replacement aircraft show the linkage between environmental effects and fundamental aircraft and engine characteristics, something that has been neglected in previous policy making procedures. Another aspect that has been ignored is the creation of the coefficients used for the fleet analyses. In current literature, a defined process for the creation of those coefficients does not exist, but this research work develops a process to do so and demonstrates that the characteristics of the aircraft can be propagated to the coefficients and to the fleet analysis tools.
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Wilson, James Harris. "Development and validation of a laminate flooring system sound quality test method." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29660.
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Thesis (M. S.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.Committee Chair: Cunefare, Kenneth A.; Committee Member: Qu, Jianmin; Committee Member: Ryherd, Erica. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Sardinoux, Frederik Strand. "Residents' perceived impact of noise reducing measures implemented on habitations located nearby heavy traffic roads." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for elektronikk og telekommunikasjon, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-19420.
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Road traffic has seen a constant augmentation these last decades. The noise it generates has grown more or less linearly with the traffic and has created a major environmental problem. It affects the human body in negative ways by engendering sleep disorders, stress and even cardiovascular diseases. The Norwegian government came with regulations to reduce the number of people exposed to high noise levels and many people have now had their habitation supplemented with noise-reducing measures. There is however a lack of researches made on these noise control measures in the indoor noise; especially on how the residents experience these modifications. A telephone-based survey is done in this research where 76 households have been selected on the parcel from Gardemoen to Biri on the new E6 in Norway. Between these habitations, the average outdoors and indoor noise levels are, respectively, 61dB and 34dB prior the installation of any noise reducing measures. The results, treated statistically using the software SPSS, are showing the nuisance degree experienced by the habitants for different noise levels both outdoors and indoors. Additionally, the subjective improvement of the noise situation felt by the habitants after the measures shows a rather different picture outdoor and indoor, as the amelioration is generally bigger inside the habitation.Indeed, while nearly 90% of the respondents felt annoyed to extremely annoyed outdoors only 50% showed the same nuisance levels after the noise control measures were installed. For the indoors situation 40% of the participants of the survey felt annoyed to very annoyed prior the measures while only 5% of them felt the same degree of annoyance after. Furthermore, while 42% were sleep disturbed and 50% experienced stress and 66% felt a reduction of their well-being only 13%, 20% and 18% felt the same health issues after the noise-measures were installed. Around half of the interviewees declared they were satisfied with both Sweco and Statens Vegvesen which were key firms for the planning and building of the measures along the chosen parcel. Finally, taking all this into account, it appears that 40% of the 76 selected residents are satisfied with the noise-reducing measures, 10% are unsatisfied and the rest is neutrally satisfied.