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Lusianah, Lusianah, Mulyadi Muliyadi, Any Kurniawati, and Mira Asmirajanti. "Caring behavior and its impact on patient safety activities: Investigating the role of safety competency." Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran 13, no. 1 (2025): 7–16. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v13i1.2631.
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Background: Patient safety is a critical component of healthcare. Caring behavior among nurses is hypothesized to enhance patient safety activities. However, the relationship between caring behavior and patient safety activities, particularly the moderating role of patient safety competency, remains underexplored. Purpose: This study aims to examine the influence of caring behavior on patient safety activities, while assessing the moderating role of patient safety competency. Methods: This study employed Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze the relationship between caring behavior and patient safety activities. A total of 154 nurses from a private hospital in Tangerang participated. The caring behavior inventory (CBI) was used to assess the nurses' caring behaviors across four subscales: respectful communication, ensuring human presence, communication with a positive disposition, and professional knowledge and skills. The safety nursing activities scale evaluated comprehensive patient safety activities across eight subcategories, such as communication, operations, and risk management. The Patient Safety in Nursing Education Questionnaire (PaSNEQ) was employed to assess patient safety competency, comprising three subdomains: basic patient safety competency, clinical analysis and action effectiveness, and error prevention strategies and additional training. Results: The analysis showed that caring behaviour significantly influenced patient safety activities (T-value = 7.70, p < 0.05). Patient safety competency did not significantly moderate this relationship (T-value = 1.21). Conclusions: Caring behavior significantly improves patient safety, although increased patient safety competency does not show significant moderation effects. Future research should explore alternative moderators and emphasize interventions that foster caring behaviour to strengthen patient safety outcomes.
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ZUNIRA, A., H. ARSHAD, A. ASLAM, and A. FAROOQ. "IMPACT OF NOMOPHOBIC BEHAVIOR ON NURSES' CARE BEHAVIORS WORKING IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS, LAHORE, PAKISTAN." Pakistan Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 5, no. 01 (2025): 83. https://doi.org/10.54112/pjicm.v5i01.83.
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Background: Nomophobia, defined as the fear or anxiety stemming from being without a mobile phone, has emerged as a behavioral phenomenon in the digital age. In critical care environments such as intensive care units (ICUs), excessive smartphone use among nurses may adversely impact focus, empathy, and the overall quality of patient care. Objective: To determine the prevalence of nomophobic behavior and its impact on the caring behaviors of ICU nurses in tertiary care hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Settings:Punjab Institute of Cardiology and Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Duration of Study: From 14 July 2022 to 31 July 2024. Methods: A total of 222 ICU nurses were selected via simple random sampling. Data collection tools included a validated self-administered questionnaire comprising demographic data, the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q), and the Caring Behavior Inventory (CBI). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient was applied to evaluate the relationship between nomophobia and caring behavior. Results: Among the participants, 93.7% demonstrated high levels of nomophobia, while 45.5% exhibited poor caring behaviors. A significant inverse correlation was observed between nomophobia and caring behavior (r² = 0.49, p < 0.001), suggesting that increased nomophobic tendencies were associated with decreased caring behavior among ICU nurses. Conclusion: Nomophobia is highly prevalent among ICU nurses and is inversely associated with their professional caring behaviors. Institutional strategies—including digital professionalism training, policy reform, and awareness initiatives—are essential to curb the negative impact of smartphone dependency on critical patient care.
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Papa Fucio, Modesto, Romelet Angel B. Bayonito, Jean Fernandez Delos Santos, and Raquel Abrera Lau. "Caring Behavior of Nurses at Dr. Amando. D. Cope Memorial Hospital, Tabaco City: Its Impact on Patient Care." International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation XII, no. XV (2025): 410–27. https://doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2025.121500038p.
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The study investigated the caring behavior of nurses in one private hospital in Tabaco City and its impact on patient care. It aimed to formulate a plan to enhance the caring behavior of nurses within the hospital. This research delves into the demographic characteristics, caring behaviors, and the determinants shaping these behaviors among nurses. The findings revealed that the workforce, primarily youthful and female, predominantly possesses Bachelor’s degrees and reports an average monthly income of approximately Php 35,000. It highlights empathetic and emotionally supportive caring actions that significantly bolster patient care quality. It points out that intrinsic—like personal commitment, effective communication, and resilience—and extrinsic factors, including staffing ratios and institutional practices, are pivotal in shaping these caring behaviors. The demographic details of nurses, except for work experience and salary, do not significantly affect their natural caring tendencies. However, these factors should not be considered unimportant. To nurture and improve these crucial caring behaviors, the study suggests implementing mentorship programs, providing ongoing professional education, teaching effective stress management techniques, and regularly evaluating staff workloads and the number of staff. The hospital should promote a culture of compassionate care through strategic measures to significantly increase patient satisfaction and outcomes.
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Hutabarat, Veronika, Enie Novieastari, Kuntarti Kuntarti, and Farida Murtiani. "Personal Characteristics and Nurses' Caring Behaviour." Media Keperawatan Indonesia 5, no. 2 (2022): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/mki.5.2.2022.93-99.
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Caring behavior is a fundamental aspect of nurses in performing nursing care including professional attitudes, knowledge and skills that have an impact on nursing care and services and patient safety. Objective study to identify the relationship of personality characteristics with nurses caring behavior. Using a cross sectional design with a sample of 124 nurses working in the Jakarta Government Hospital. The research instrument consisted of nurse characteristics, nurse caring behavior, Core Self Evaluation (CSE) personality model characteristics and Dominance, Influence, Steadiness and Compliance (DISC) personality type characteristics. Characteristics of the CSE personality models have a moderate relationship and positive direction (p = 0, 0001, r = 0.496) with caring behavior, and the greatest correlation is self-efficacy (p = 0.0001, r = 0.528), and the lowest correlation is emotional stability (p = 0.0006, r = 0.243). While the DISC personality type and nurse characteristics have no relationship (p> 0.05). CSE personality model characteristics are related to nurses caring behaviour. While DISC personality type characteristics and nurse characteristics do not have a relationship with nurse caring behaviour. The factor that most influences caring behaviour is personality self-efficacy.
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Syaftriani, Afina Muharani, and Muchti Yuda Pratama. "DAMPAK APLIKASI PERILAKU CARING DALAM PENDIDIKAN TAHAP PROFESI NERS: STUDI FENOMENOLOGI." Jurnal Riset Hesti Medan Akper Kesdam I/BB Medan 2, no. 1 (2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.34008/jurhesti.v2i1.31.
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Caring behavior is an act based on caring, affection, skill, empathy, responsibility, sensitivity and support. Provision of nursing services based on caring behavior can improve the quality of health services. Caring behavior is not only performed by nurses but also performed by students who are running the professional education phase ners in the hospital. The application of caring behavior to students in professional education is very important because it is the first place for students to learn about the values and essence of their profession. This study aims to explore the impact of caring behavioral application in professional education stage ners. This research uses phenomenology design. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a total of ten participants. The data was collected at Nursing Faculty of University of Sumatera Utara from February to April 2015. Data analysis in this research used Collaizi method. This study found 5 themes of caring behavioral application impact in professional education ners stage, that is 1) professional students ners experiencing inner satisfaction, 2) professional students ners feel happy, 3) patients feel comfortable, 4) accelerate the healing process of patients, and 5) knowledge patient increases. Given the magnitude of the impact of caring behavior, it is recommended to students of professional education stage ners to continue to improve caring behavior to patients. Furthermore, for nursing education institutions or hospitals can create caring behavior standards so as to improve the quality of service to patients.Keywords: impact of caring behavior, professional education stage ners, phenomenology study
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Syaftriani, Afina Muharani, and Setiawan Setiawan. "PENGALAMAN MAHASISWA PROFESI NERS FAKULTAS KEPERAWATAN UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA DALAM MENERAPKAN PERILAKU CARING PADA PASIEN DI RUMAH SAKIT PENDIDIKAN KOTA MEDAN." Jurnal Riset Hesti Medan Akper Kesdam I/BB Medan 2, no. 1 (2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.34008/jurhesti.v2i1.29.
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Caring behavior is an act based on caring, affection, skill, empathy, responsibility, sensitivity and support. Provision of nursing services based on caring behavior can improve the quality of health services. Caring behavior is not only performed by nurses but also performed by students who are running the professional education phase ners in the hospital. This study aims to explore the experiences of professional students ners Faculty of Nursing University of North Sumatra in applying caring behavior in patients at Medan City Education Hospital. This research uses phenomenology design. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a total of ten participants. Prior to the data retrieval, the researcher proposed the ethical clearance obtained through the Research Ethics Commission of the Faculty of Nursing University of North Sumatra. This research was conducted at Faculty of Nursing University of Sumatera Utara in February 2015 until April 2015. The data obtained were analyzed by Collaizi method. This study found there are 4 themes related to the experience of nursing students of Faculty of Nursing University of North Sumatera in applying caring behavior to patients in Medan Education Hospital, that is (1) showing high caring in caring, (2) trust with the patient, (3) performing a holistic nursing action to the patient, (4) showing respect for the patient. In addition to these experiences, this study also reveals the impact of caring behavior (5 impacts) and barriers experienced by professional students in applying caring behavior (3 barriers). Given the importance of the application of caring behavior, it is recommended to the students of professional education stage ners to continue to improve caring behavior to patients. Furthermore, for nursing education institutions or hospitals can create caring behavior standards so as to improve the quality of service to patients.Keywords: professional student ners, caring behavior, hospital education
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Nurbaeti, Irma, Kustati Budi Lestari, and Tsal Tsa Khairunnisa. "correlation between islamic mindfulness with nursing student professional attitude and caring behavior." Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran 12, no. 2 (2024): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v12i2.2388.
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Background. Various stressors during the clinical practices may affect the psychological status of students which potentially impact on their professional attitudes and caring behavior. Prospective nursing students practices on clinical setting is necessary as the basis for strategy development in building students’ caring behavior. The role as care giver that believed can impact to professional attitude and caring behavior is Islamic mindfulness. The aim of the study was to identify the correlation between Islamic Mindfulness with professional attitude and caring behavior among nursing students. Methods. Cross-sectional design was carried out in this study. A total of 97 Moeslim students of nursing clinical Practices program were recruited from Islamic State University of Jakarta and Makassar Indonesia during November to December 2022 by total sampling. Instruments of Islamic Mindfulness questionnaire, Caring Asessment Tool and Professional attitude for Nurses students were used. Data collected by online. Bivariate analysis was performed to test the correlation between Islamic mindfulness with professional attitude and caring behavior among nursing students. Results. The mean score of Islamic mindfulness was 38.27 (SD=5.60), Professional attitude was 67.09 (SD=9.56) and Caring behavior was 84.96 (SD=15.14). Islamic mindfulness had very week-positive correlation with professional attitudes but not significant (r=0.148; p-value= 0.073). Islamic mindfulness had a weak-positive and significant correlation with caring behavior (r=0.363; p-value= 0.0001). Conclusion. Islamic mindfulness had a significant correlation to caring behavior. It is important to Nursing students features Islamic mindfulness to strengthen the caring behavior.
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Sriani, Ni Kadek Ayu, Putu Gede Subhaktiyasa, and I. Dewa Gede Candra Dharma. "Spiritual Leadership and Caring Behavior: Insights from Indonesian Nursing Practice." Bali Medika Jurnal 11, no. 1 (2024): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.36376/bmj.v11i1.414.
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Inadequate implementation of caring behaviors can negatively impact the quality of nursing care. Several factors, including spiritual leadership, can affect this. However, empirical evidence supporting this relationship is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationship between spiritual leadership and nurses' caring behavior. The study used a quantitative design with a sample of 114 nurses through a total sampling technique. The instruments were spiritual leadership and caring behavior questionnaires with a five-point Likert scale that was analyzed using Spearman's Rho correlation test. The findings showed that nurses' understanding of spiritual leadership and caring behavior was in a good category. There was a positive relationship between spiritual leadership and nurses' caring behavior, but the strength of the relationship was relatively weak. Nonetheless, the results indicate the importance of spiritual leadership in nurses' caring behavior in hospital services. Penerapan perilaku caring yang tidak memadai dapat berdampak negatif terhadap kualitas asuhan keperawatan. Beberapa faktor, termasuk kepemimpinan spiritual, dapat mempengaruhi hal ini. Namun, bukti empiris yang mendukung hubungan ini masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan antara kepemimpinan spiritual dan perilaku caring perawat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan sampel sebanyak 114 perawat melalui teknik total sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner kepemimpinan spiritual dan kuesioner perilaku caring dengan skala Likert lima poin yang dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman's Rho. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman kepemimpinan spiritual dan perilaku caring perawat berada pada kategori baik. Terdapat hubungan positif antara kepemimpinan spiritual dan perilaku caring perawat, namun kekuatan hubungan tersebut relatif lemah. Meskipun demikian, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pentingnya penerapan kepemimpinan spiritual dalam perilaku caring perawat dalam pelayanan di rumah sakit.
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AbdElazeem, Yasmin F. M., Rasha F. Ahmed, and Eman F. A. M. Aly. "The Relation between Fatigue Level and Nurses’ Caring Behavior in The Orthopedic Department." Evidence-Based Nursing Research 1, no. 4 (2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47104/ebnrojs3.v1i4.136.
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Contents: Caring is a concept that is inherently difficult to define. The term caring is expressed in different ways in many cultures. Nurse's caring can impact a person's life processes, wellbeing, and functioning. On the other hand, fatigue is a subjective unpleasant feeling ranging from tiredness to exhaustion that could be physical, mental, or both. It may significantly interfere with functioning and may persist despite periods of rest.
 Aim: The present study investigates the relation between fatigue level and nurses' caring behavior in the orthopedic department.
 Methods: Research formulates three questions. What is the nurses' level of fatigue in the orthopedic department? What are the nurses' caring behaviors in the orthopedic department? What is the relation between fatigue level and nurses' caring behavior in the orthopedic department? The study utilized a correlational research design. The study conducted in El Hadra Orthopedic and Traumatology University Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt, on all available nurses (50 nurses) who provide direct patient care and work in the previously mentioned setting. Two tools were used for data collection. Structured interview questionnaire; It consists of two parts. The first part was concerned with socio-demographic data, past medical history of psychological problems, and chronic illness. The second part was Fatigue Visual Analog Scale (VAS), a one-dimensional scale, consisting of an unmarked 10 cm line to rate the nurses' level of fatigue. The second tool was the Orthopedic Nurse Caring Behavior Observation Checklist. This tool was used to assess nurses' caring behavior toward orthopedic patients through concealed observation.
 Results: It was observed that 60.0% of studied nurses had a severe level of fatigue. The study showed a moderate level of caring behaviors with a mean of 199.92±13.50 for the morning shift nurses and 222.34±14.27 for the nurses in the evening shift. The study evidenced a significant correlation between fatigue level and overall caring behavior. 
 Conclusion: About two-thirds of the studied nurses had a severe level of fatigue. The overall nurses' caring behaviors dimensions were of a moderate degree. There is a significant positive correlation between fatigue level and the overall nurses' caring behaviors in both morning and evening shifts in the orthopedic department. The study recommended to provide nurses with fatigue countermeasure strategies and to provide the organization with strategies to overcome fatigue. Nurses are recommended to pay more attention to caring behaviors.
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Agianto, Agianto, Sirajudin Noor, and Insana Maria. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CARING, COMFORT, AND PATIENT SATISFACTION IN THE EMERGENCY ROOM, RATU ZALECHA HOSPITAL, SOUTH KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA." Belitung Nursing Journal 2, no. 6 (2016): 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33546/bnj.39.
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Background: Emergency nursing service system requires the role of nurses who are able to pay attention to the behavior of caring and patient comfort. Caring in an emergency room is an important aspect in lifesaving procedures. It might impact the psychology of patients if nurses are not caring. Caring behavior and comfort given by nurses can also affect to patient satisfaction. Patient satisfaction is considered important as a bridgehead for the treatment of patients.Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between caring behavior and comfort with patient satisfaction in the emergency room, Ratu Zalecha Hospital, South Kalimantan, Indonesia.Method: This was an analytic correlational study with cross-sectional approach involved 341 patients in the emergency unit using consecutive sampling. Four questionnaires were used to measure the characteristics of the respondent, the nurse caring behavior, comfort given by the nurses, and patient satisfaction. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for respondents’ characteristic, and chi-square to analyze the relationship between variables. Result: There were 285 respondents (92.8%) who received nurses’ caring behaviors were satisfied, and 268 respondents (87.3%) stated that the nurses were able to provide comfort in nursing care in the emergency room.Conclusion: This study revealed that there was a relationship between caring behavior, and comfort with patient satisfaction. It tells that caring and comfort are very important components that influence the satisfaction of patients. Therefore, the role of nurse to provide caring and comfort for the patients in the future should be developed along with the development of science and technology and society's demands.
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Bakar, Abu. "During the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact of religious caring behavior increases the immunity of medical-surgical nurses." Gaceta Médica de Caracas 132, S2 (2024): 171–78. https://doi.org/10.47307/gmc.2024.132.s2.2.
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Introduction: Caring is a fundamental service basis in nursing because it is the main behavior of nurses in carrying out nursing care. Islamic caring could stabilize the psychological condition of nurses and patients. Psychologically stable nurses and patients could increase immunity in giving care nursing during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to analyze the impact of Islamic caring behavior on nurses, particularly in terms of enhancing their psychospiritual comfort, preparedness, and immunity. This research’s findings open avenues for further exploration into the potential of Islamic caring to improve nurses’ psychospiritual comfort and immunity.
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Triyoso, Triyoso, and Martina Sari. "Perilaku caring perawat terhadap kepuasan pasien di UPT Puskesmas rawat inap." Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan 14, no. 3 (2020): 486–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v14i3.1706.
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Nurse caring behaviors and patient satisfaction: The impact of patients experience at Bukit Kemuning inpatient public health centreBackground: The results of the pre-survey conducted on January - 2019 based on the medical records of the Bukit Kemuning Inpatient Health Center in North Lampung recorded in 2018 had of 279 inpatients. Base on evaluation in Bukit Kemuning Inpatient Health Center, the Minimum Service Standards (MSS) achievement scored of 67.29% describes the service quality is still suboptimal.Purpose: Knowing relationship between nurses' caring behavior towards patient satisfaction in Bukit Kemuning Inpatient Health Centre North Lampung RegencyMethod: A quantitative cross-sectional approach, the population of all outpatient who had experienced hospitalization at Bukit Kemuning Inpatient Health Center, with a sample of 282 respondent. The variables of this study were nurse caring behavior and patient satisfaction. The research conducted at the Bukit Kemuning Inpatient Health Center UPT North Lampung Regency. data collection using a questionnaire. Data analysis was univariate and bivariate (chi square).Results: Knowing the respondents' statement that nurses' shown caring behavior in a poor category of 162 (57.4%), patients unsatisfied of 140 (49.4%), There is a relationship between Nurse caring behaviors and patient satisfaction at Bukit Kemuning inpatient public health centre North Lampung Regency (p-value = 0.000 OR = 4.659)Conclusion: There is a correlation between Nurse caring behaviors and patient satisfaction: The impact of patients experience at Bukit Kemuning inpatient public health centre, for the Health Center management to consider for nurses' staff for conducting caring behavior training and improve health services.Keywords: Nurses; Caring behavior; Patient; SatisfactionPendahuluan: Standar kepuasan pasien di pelayanan kesehatan ditetapkan secara nasional oleh Departemen Kesehatan. Hasil pra survey yang dilakukan tanggal 5 – 9 Januari 2019 berdasarkan data rekam medis Puskesmas Rawat Inap Bukit Kemuning Kabupaten Lampung Utara tercatat tahun 2018 jumlah pasien yang melakukan kunjungan rawat jalan sebesar 11.169 orang dan rawat inap sebanyak 279 orang. Puskesmas Rawat Inap Bukit Kemuning Kabupaten Lampung Utara Standar SPM > 90 % dengan hasil capaian hanya 67, 29% sehingga dapat menggambarkan mutu pelayanan masih belum optimal.Tujuan : Diketahui hubungan perilaku caring perawat terhadap kepuasan pasien di UPT Puskesmas Rawat Inap Bukit Kemuning Kabupaten Lampung Utara tahun 2019Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif pendekatan Cross Sectional, populasi seluruh pengunjung Puskesmas, dengan sampel berjumlah 282 orang Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah perilaku caring perawat dan kepuasan pasien. Penelitian dilakukan di UPT Puskesmas Rawat Inap Bukit Kemuning Kabupaten Lampung Utara. bulan Januari – Juni 2019 . pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data secara univariat dan bivariat (chi square).Hasil: Diketahui pernyataan responden tentang perawat yang menunjukkan perilaku caring kategori buruk, sebesar 162 (57,4%) responden, kepuasan keluarga pasien kurang puas, sebesar 140 (49,4%) responden, Ada hubungan antara perilaku caring perawat terhadap tingkat kepuasan keluarga pasien di UPT Puskesmas Rawat Inap Bukit Kemuning Kabupaten Lampung Utara tahun 2019 (p-value=0,000,0,05, OR=4,659)Simpulan: Ada hubungan antara perilaku caring perawat terhadap tingkat kepuasan keluarga pasien di UPT Puskesmas Rawat Inap Bukit Kemuning Kabupaten Lampung Utara tahun 2019, bagi pihak manajemen Puskesmas sebagai bahan pertimbangan untuk mengadakan pelatihan perilaku caring perawat guna meningkatkan pelayanan pasien.
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Setiyani, Krismas, Lamri, and Arsyawina. "Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Length of Service with Caring Behavior of Nurses at RSUD Dr. Abdul Rivai Berau District." Formosa Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 2, no. 5 (2023): 875–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/fjmr.v2i5.4031.
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Hospital services focus on treatment so that it demands caring behavior in the implementation of quality nursing care. The impact of nursing services due to job satisfaction is manifested in the form of service quality. This study aims to determine the relationship between job satisfaction and length of service with caring behavior of nurses. This type of research is analytic observational with a Speaman rank with a significance level of 0.05. cross sectional design with a total sample of 67 nurses taken purposively. The average nurse's tenure was 12.79 years, the average nurse's job satisfaction was 55.477, and the average nurse's caring behavior was 77.940. There is a fairly strong relationship between job satisfaction and caring behavior of nurses (Sig = 0.000; Correlation = 0.448), and there is a low relationship between length of service and caring behavior of nurses (Sig = 0.004; Correlation = -0.344).
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Hong, Yu Jin, and Hyeon Ok Kim. "Effects of Anxiety, Parenting Efficacy, and Partnership With Nurses on the Caring Behaviors of Mothers of Hospitalized Children." Journal of Korean Maternal and Child Health 28, no. 3 (2024): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21896/jkmch.2024.28.3.111.
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Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the anxiety, parenting efficacy, partnership with nurses, and caring behavior of mothers of hospitalized children and to identify the factors influencing their caring behavior.Methods: A survey was conducted from May 17 to October 17, 2023, with 94 mothers of hospitalized children in the pediatric ward of a tertiary general hospital in Jeollabuk-do. Data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, an independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation, and heteroscedasticity regression analysis. All statistical analyses were performed with IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 25.0.Results: The caring behavior of mothers of hospitalized children showed a significant negative correlation with state anxiety (r=-0.22, p=0.038) and a significant positive correlation with parenting efficacy (r=0.25, p=0.025) and partnership with nurses (r=0.42, p<0.001). The results of the heteroscedasticity regression analysis showed that partnership with nurses (B=0.29) significantly influenced caring behavior (F=7.85, p<0.001). The better the partnership with nurses, the higher the caring behavior of mothers of hospitalized children. The explanatory power of this model was 23.0%.Conclusion: This study confirmed that partnership with nurses significantly impacts the caring behaviors of mothers of hospitalized children. Therefore, it is necessary to develop and implement education and intervention programs to strengthen the partnership with nurses and improve the caring behaviors of mothers of hospitalized children.
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Shalaby, Samah Anwar, Nouf Fahad Janbi, Khairiah Khalid Mohammed, and Kholud Mohammed Al-harthi. "Assessing the caring behaviors of critical care nurses." Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 8, no. 10 (2018): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v8n10p77.
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Objective: To assess the critical care nurses’ perception of their caring behaviors and factors affecting these behaviors.Methods: Participants of this descriptive correlational exploratory study included 277 critical care nurses selected conveniently from nurses worked in all critical care units in King Khalid Hospital, Jeddah. A self-reported questionnaire namely, “Critical Care Nurses Caring Behavior Perception” developed by the researchers after reviewing related literature was used to assess caring behaviors and their affecting factors as perceived by critical care nurses.Results: Seventy percent of the nurses aged between 31 to 50 years old and more than half of nurses had ICU experience ranged from 6 to 10 years, while two thirds of nurses had no previous training about caring behaviors. The study findings revealed that the majority of nurses had high scores of perceived caring behaviors, whereas the mean of their perception was 296.96 ± 18.32. There was a statistical significant positive relationship between nurses’ perception and their work circumstances, workload, job satisfaction, educational background and patient characteristics.Conclusions: It is important to consider critical units’ circumstances, nurses’ educational background, job satisfaction, as well as the nature of critically ill patients in order to promote nurses awareness and implementation of caring behaviors. Moreover, replication of the current study using qualitative approach for in-depth analysis of the impact of factors could affecting caring behaviors on nurses’ perception in various highly specialized critical care units.
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Sihotang, Angelica Aprilianti, and Gilny Aileen Joan Rantung. "PERILAKU CARING MAHASISWA KEPERAWATAN DI UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA." Klabat Journal of Nursing 6, no. 1 (2024): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37771/kjn.v6i1.1088.
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Pendahuluan: caring merupakan pokok dan fondasi dari profesi keperawatan. Untuk dapat membangun perilaku caring maka perlu dibentuk sedari dini guna meningkatkan kompetensi mahasiswa keperawatan dalam menjalankan asuhan keperawatan. Faktanya, beberapa studi menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa perawat memiliki tingkat kepedulian yang rendah. Tujuan: penelitian memiliki tujuan untuk mengidentifikasi perilaku caring mahasiswa keperawatan di UNAI. Metode: penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari mahasiswa S1 dan D3 keperawatan dari tingkat 1 hingga 4 di Universitas Advent Indonesia. Sebanyak 229 responden terlibat dalam penelitian ini, dipilih melalui metode purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Caring Behavior Inventory 42 yang dikembangkan oleh Wolf (CBI-42). Hasil: analisa menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan ke lima kategori Wolf , Professional Knowledge and Skill mendapat rata-rata tertinggi sebagai mahasiswa terhadap perilaku caring (3.700 ± 0.3669) dan yang terendah pada kategori Attentiveness To The Other's Experience (3.539 ± 0.3806). Tingkat perilaku caring mahasiwa keperawatan berdasarkan masing-masing karakteristik seperti jenis kelamin, usia, tingkat pendidikan, tingkat jurusan dan status anak pertama, kedua dan ketiga menunjukkan tinggi peduli yang tinggi. Kesimpulan: baik tingkat peduli mahasiswa keperawatan terhadap 5 aspek caring Wolf dan berdasarkan tiap karakteristik responden dalam kategori caring yang tergolong tinggi karena memiliki mean lebih dari nilai median (Me =2,5). Dengan mempertimbangkan dampak yang signifikan dari perilaku caring tersebut, disarankan kepada semua mahasiswa untuk terus mempertahankan dan meningkatkan perilaku caring mereka. Hal ini bertujuan agar perilaku caring yang mereka tunjukkan selama menjalani praktik maupun dalam ranah pekerjaan nantinya dapat memberikan kepuasan kepada masyarakat. Selanjutnya, diharapkan bahwa gambaran tentang perilaku caring mahasiswa ini dapat menjadi acuan bagi lembaga pendidikan dalam merancang kurikulum pembelajaran dan kompetensi sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kepada pasien. Introduction: caring is the core and foundation of the nursing profession. to be able to build caring behavior, it needs to be formed early in order to improve the competence of nursing students in carrying out nursing care. In fact, some studies show that nursing students have low levels of caring. Objective: The study aimed to identify the caring behavior of nursing students at UNAI. Methods: This study used a quantitative descriptive approach. The research subjects consisted of S1 and D3 nursing students from level 1 to 4 at Universitas Advent Indonesia. A total of 229 respondents were involved in this study, selected through purposive sampling method. The instrument used was the Caring Behavior Inventory 42 developed by Wolf (CBI-42). Results: The analysis shows that based on Wolf's five categories, Professional Knowledge and Skill gets the highest average as a student towards caring behavior (3.700 ± 0.3669) and the lowest in the Attentiveness To The Other's Experience category (3.539 ± 0.3806). The level of caring behavior of nursing students based on each characteristic such as gender, age, education level, major level and the status of the first, second and third child shows a high level of caring. Conclusion: both the level of caring of nursing students towards Wolf's 5 aspects of caring and based on each respondent's characteristics in the caring category which is classified as high because it has a mean of more than the median value (Me = 2.5). Considering the significant impact of caring behavior, it is recommended that all students continue to maintain and improve their caring behavior. This is so that the caring behavior they show during practice and in the realm of work can later provide satisfaction to the community. Furthermore, it is hoped that this description of student caring behavior can be a reference for educational institutions in designing learning curricula and competencies so as to improve the quality of service to patients. KEYWORDS: CBI-42, Nursing Students, Caring Behavior
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Rusli, Rusli, Anggi Pratiwi, Sitti Zakiyyah Putri, Trimaya Cahya Mulat, and Nur Andani. "Factors related to caring behavior of nurses in the internal care room." Jurnal Edukasi Ilmiah Kesehatan 1, no. 3 (2023): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.61099/junedik.v1i3.26.
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Caring is a crucial aspect of healthcare, especially in the context of care in the internal space, where patients often experience complex health conditions that require special attention. This study investigates factors related to nurses' caring behaviour in the internal care room. roomThis type of research uses quantitative types with analytical descriptive research design through a cross-sectional approach with total sampling techniques. The results of the chi-square statistical test obtained motivation p 0.219, reward p 0.020, and length of work p: 0.008It can be concluded that there is a relationship between reward and length of work with the caring behaviour of nurses in the internal care room. Appreciation and length of work influence the caring behaviour of nurses in the internal care room. Length of work provides extensive experience and knowledge, while rewards increase nurses' motivation and job satisfaction. Combining these two factors can create a caring environment and positively impact patients in the internal care room.
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Anwar, Bushra, Naseem Akhtar, Sumera Parveen, and Nuzhat Sher. "Work Stress in Nurses and Its Influence on Patient Care and Quality of Life." Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal 6, no. 1 (2025): 142–45. https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v6i1.1538.
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Nurses play a critical role in patient care, but work-related stress is a prevalent concern that negatively affects their quality of life (QoL) and caring behaviors. High stress levels can lead to burnout, decreased job satisfaction, and compromised patient care. Understanding the impact of work stress on nurses’ well-being and professional performance is essential for improving healthcare outcomes. Objective: To assess the work stress in nurses and its impact on their quality of life and patient care. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Nursing Department of Medicare Hospital, Multan from December 2023 to December 2024. One hundred nurses with at least 1-year experience and those directly involved with patient care were selected for the study. Data was collected through a questionnaire divided into four sections; demographic details, Expanded Nurses Stress Scale, Quality of Life questionnaire, and Caring Dimension Inventory. Results: The mean stress score was 2.81 ± 0.49 with the highest score from death and dying and inadequate emotional preparation. The mean quality of life score was 57.57 ± 17.98, with better physical health core than mental health. Gender was significantly associated with quality of life with males scoring better than females. Job stress score and subsets were negatively associated with total caring behavior score. However, caring behavior was only significantly related to the total score, problems with the supervisor, intra-physician conflict, and patients and families. The variables of job stress were inversely associated with quality of life with job stress causing a 28% change in quality of life (R2adj = 0.281, p<0.001). Conclusion: There was high job stress among nurses, which negatively affected their quality of life and caring behaviors.
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Labrague, Leodoro J., Denise M. McEnroe-Petitte, Ioanna V. Papathanasiou, Olaide B. Edet, and Judie Arulappan. "Impact of Instructors’ Caring on Students’ Perceptions of Their Own Caring Behaviors." Journal of Nursing Scholarship 47, no. 4 (2015): 338–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12139.
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Hasanah, Ulfiatun, Nurfika Asmaningrum, and Kholid Rosyidi Muhammad Nur. "The Nurse’s Caring Behavior on Multicultural Hospital Settings: A Literature Review." Jurnal Kesehatan dr. Soebandi 9, no. 2 (2021): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36858/jkds.v9i2.316.
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Introduction: Cultural diversity means a different ethnic group in a country or region; these conditions bring different beliefs and understandings to health care and has an impact on the caring behaviour of nurses. Objective: To describe caring behaviour of nurses on patients in multicultural settings in hospitals. Methods: A Literature review and used 5 comprehensive electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest and Garuda. Results: 10 articles used in this research, 3 themes were analysed, including: forms, barriers, and nursing care strategies for multicultural patients. Forms of nurse caring such as understanding and focus on patient, cultural sensitivity, and verbal and non-verbal communication. The caring barriers were ethnocentrism, conflicting perceptions, lack of cultural knowledge, language differences, inadequate hospital facilities, religious differences, patient family behaviour, ineffective coping, and body exposure. The strategies were providing translators, increasing education, organizational support, and improving coping strategies. Conclusion: The researcher concludes that when nurses do caring, they must pay close attention to the culture of the patient, and the strategies found in this study can be used to reduce the barriers that occur while nurses were caring for multicultural patients so that the patient does not feel different during health care.
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Schaber, Kathryn L., Amy C. Morrison, William H. Elson, et al. "The impact of dengue illness on social distancing and caregiving behavior." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 7 (2021): e0009614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009614.
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Background Human mobility among residential locations can drive dengue virus (DENV) transmission dynamics. Recently, it was shown that individuals with symptomatic DENV infection exhibit significant changes in their mobility patterns, spending more time at home during illness. This change in mobility is predicted to increase the risk of acquiring infection for those living with or visiting the ill individual. It has yet to be considered, however, whether social contacts are also changing their mobility, either by socially distancing themselves from the infectious individual or increasing contact to help care for them. Social, or physical, distancing and caregiving could have diverse yet important impacts on DENV transmission dynamics; therefore, it is necessary to better understand the nature and frequency of these behaviors including their effect on mobility. Methodology and principal findings Through community-based febrile illness surveillance and RT-PCR infection confirmation, 67 DENV positive (DENV+) residents were identified in the city of Iquitos, Peru. Using retrospective interviews, data were collected on visitors and home-based care received during the illness. While 15% of participants lost visitors during their illness, 22% gained visitors; overall, 32% of all individuals (particularly females) received visitors while symptomatic. Caregiving was common (90%), particularly caring by housemates (91%) and caring for children (98%). Twenty-eight percent of caregivers changed their behavior enough to have their work (and, likely, mobility patterns) affected. This was significantly more likely when caring for individuals with low “health-related quality of well-being” during illness (Fisher’s Exact, p = 0.01). Conclusions/Significance Our study demonstrates that social contacts of individuals with dengue modify their patterns of visitation and caregiving. The observed mobility changes could impact a susceptible individual’s exposure to virus or a presymptomatic/clinically inapparent individual’s contribution to onward transmission. Accounting for changes in social contact mobility is imperative in order to get a more accurate understanding of DENV transmission.
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Hi Ukum, Masmiati. "Nurse Caring Behavior Analysis with Fall Risk Patient Safety in Surgical Care of Mokoyurli Hospital Buol District." Journal of Applied Nursing and Health 3, no. 1 (2021): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.55018/janh.v3i1.22.
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Background: Patients with a risk of falls are one of the risks of unwanted incidents within the hospital. The risk of the patient falling until an incident has an adverse effect on the patient, one of the adverse effects is the impact of physical injury which includes abrasions, torn wounds, bruises, even in some cases severe falls can result in fractures, bleeding, and head injuries. Objective To find out the relationship between Caring Behavior of Nurses and Patient Safety Risk of Falling in the Surgical Treatment Room of Mokoyurli Regional Hospital, Buol Regency Methods: The research method used in the study is cross sectional. The population is all patient patients at risk of falling. The sample size is 67 respondents using purposive sampling technique. Independent variable of research is Caring Behavior. The dependent variable is the Patient safety risk of falling. Data was collected using a questionnaire, then the data were analyzed using the Spearman Rho test, with a significance level of p value < 0.05. The results showed that the nurse caring nurse was quite good as many as 35 respondents (52.2%), patient safety risk fell that was enough as many as 30 respondents (4.8%). Results: The results showed that p = 0,000 with α=0.05, which means that there is a relationship between the Caring Behavior of Nurses and Patient Safety in Falling Risk in Mokoyurli Regional General Hospital Treatment Room in Buol District. Conclusion: Nurse Caring Behavior with Patient Safety The Risk of Falling has a significant relationship because caring behavior give direct caring and responsive in each patient condition
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Leliga, Felicia Juliani, and Priskilla Ebenancy Ezeramona Napitupulu. "Exploring Caring Dynamics in a Private University: Impact on Employee Well-Being at one of the Private University at East Java." International Journal of Science and Business 32, no. 1 (2024): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.58970/ijsb.2293.
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The COVID-19 pandemic phenomenon situation makes mental health has become one of the main things of concern throughout the world, including aspects of human resources. The era of working with a new remote system such as Work From Home (WFH) has contributed to affecting employee mental health. Through this research, will explore caring dynamics in a private university: impact on employee well-being at one of the private universities at East Java. The method is quantitative research using AMOS software. Data was collected from 100 respondents using the questionnaires. The results showed Organizational Caring, Managerial Caring, Co-Worker Caring has a significant effect on Climate of Care for Employee, and Climate of Care for Employee has a significant effect on Employee Caring, Attitudes, Behavior, and Well-Being.
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Ratnasari, Ratnasari, M. Syamsul Arif SN, and Iin Nur Khosidah. "HUBUNGAN BEBAN KERJA DENGAN PERILAKU CARING PERAWAT PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19." NURSING UPDATE : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keperawatan P-ISSN : 2085-5931 e-ISSN : 2623-2871 13, no. 4 (2022): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36089/nu.v13i4.896.
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Background: Hospital policies during the Covid-19 pandemic have had negative effects for nurses, one of which is the difficulty of maintaining physical and mental health conditions that have an impact on increasing workload. A nurse's workload that is not up to standard will affect the appearance of caring behavior that nurses provide to patients. Goal: This study aims to analyze the relationship of workload with the caring behavior of nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: The research design used is correlational analytics with a cross sectional approach. The research sample consisted of 44 nurses and 44 patients taken with cluster sampling techniques. The research instruments used workload questionnaires from Zailani (2015) and Caring Assessment Tool (CAT). This research was conducted at Salatiga Hospital. Data analysis technique using Spearman Rank statistical test with significance α = 0.05 with SPSS 25 program. Results: Nurses with high workloads of 20 nurses (45.5%) and nurses who have a light workload of 8 nurses (18.2%). Patients who assessed the caring behavior of nurses were enough as many as 27 patients (61.4%) and no one judged the caring behavior of nurses bad. The results showed a significant relationship between workload and caring behavior of nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic at Salatiga Hospital with a p-value of 0.027 (p<0.05) and a correlation coefficient value of -0.334. Conclusion: That the lower the workload of nurses, the better the caring behavior of nurses in providing nursing care.Suggestion: It is recommended for hospitals to pay more attention to the workload of nurses by adjusting between working time and the ability of nurses so that optimal nursing services can be achieved.
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Rizqana, Ira, Asniar Asniar, and Mudatsir Mudatsir. "Relationships of Job Satisfaction and Caring Behaviors among Nurses Working in Inpatient Wards in Indonesia." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VII, no. V (2023): 580–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.70547.
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Nurse job satisfaction must be adequately managed to improve working performance, particularly in applying caring behavior in nursing services. Caring behavior is an essential and fundamental component of the nursing profession. It can affect the quality of health services by increasing patient satisfaction, patient recovery processes, and hospital revenue. This study aimed to determine the relationship between job satisfaction and caring behavior among hospital nurses in Banda Aceh. This cross-sectional study was conducted in a public hospital for two weeks in December 2022 and involved 173 nurses selected using the total sampling technique. The Caring Behavior Inventory-24 (CBI-24) questionnaire and the Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) were used to collect data. The Chi-square test showed a relationship between job satisfaction and nurses’ caring behavior (p=0.001). It can be concluded that job satisfaction influences nurses’ caring behavior, which impacts improving health care quality.
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Edosomwan, Henry Samuel, Chiyem Lucky Nwanzu, and Obaro Efficiency Omreore. "Relationship between Supportive Supervision and Caring Behavior among Healthcare Workers: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction." International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 14, no. 4 (2024): 475–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijosh.v14i4.54070.
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Introduction: Healthcare workers are tasked with ensuring that patient needs are well taken care of and managed as it relates to specific health challenges. A significant way of ensuring the efficacy of treatment is through human interaction with a focus on caring behavior. There are few studies examining factors within the health sector and their impact on the caring behavior of healthcare workers. Accordingly, this study examined the mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship between supportive supervision and caring behavior among healthcare workers in the public sector. Methods: A quantitative method of collecting data via the cross-sectional design was adopted. Simple and convenient sampling techniques were used in the study. Simple random sampling was adopted for selecting the public hospitals while convenience sampling was used for selecting the participating healthcare workers. Three standardized self-report instruments with good psychometric properties were used for collecting the data. A regression-based analysis (complemented with PROCESS Macro v4.2) was used for testing the hypotheses through the IBM SPSS v25. Results: The participants consisted of 204 healthcare workers currently working in publicly owned hospitals in Delta State, Nigeria. The sample consisted of 97(47.5%) males and 107(52.5%) females with mean age of 40.74years (SD= ±8.877). The results of the study provided support for the four hypotheses that were tested. Supportive supervision (b= .19, t = 3.10, p < .01) and job satisfaction (b= .11, t = 4.33, p < .001) positively and significantly predicted caring behaviour. Also, supportive supervision (b= .33, t = 2.19, p < .05) positively and significantly predicted job satisfaction while job satisfaction mediated the relationship between supportive supervision and caring behavior. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the importance of supportive supervision and job satisfaction in predicting the caring behavior of healthcare workers in Delta State, Nigeria. Consequently, it is recommended that policymakers, hospital administrators, and practitioners in the health sector put in place frameworks that will promote supportive supervision and job satisfaction.
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Snyder,, Mariah, Cheryl L. Brandt,, and Yueh-Hsia Tseng,. "Measuring Intervention Outcomes: Impact of Nurse Characteristics." International Journal of Human Caring 4, no. 1 (2000): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.20467/1091-5710.4.1.36.
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Increased attention is being placed on measuring outcomes from specific interventions. Within nursing, nurse-sensitive patient outcomes are being used to measure outcomes of interventions. Less attention has been given to the impact that characteristics of the caregiver, such as caring behaviors, may have on outcomes. Identification of caring behaviors, challenges encountered in measuring the impact of nurse characteristics on outcomes, and implications for research and practice are presented.
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Astuti, Ni Made Henna Juli, and Agus Fredy Maradona. "Menguak Faktor-Faktor Dalam Mengaktualisasikan Perilaku Caring di Era Pandemi Covid-19." Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis 19, no. 1 (2022): 22–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.38043/jmb.v19i1.4599.
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The quality of hospital services is influenced by human resource factors. Human resources who are in direct contact with patients are nurses. Nurses are at the forefront of dealing with patients 24 hours a day, therefore quality, qualified nursing resources are needed and capable of caring behavior. Caring behavior is the essence of nursing that distinguishes nurses from other professions. The phenomenon that occurred in the era of the covid-19 pandemic had an impact on the high workload experienced by nurses due to an increase in the number of patients, thus affecting nurses in actualizing caring behavior. This study aims to identify what factors influence nurses in actualizing caring behavior in the era of the covid-19 pandemic. The study was designed as an observational study using cross sectional data collection methods. The instrument used is a questionnaire filled out by respondents determined by random sampling. The sample consisted of 139 respondents, namely nurses in the Inpatient Room at the Bali Mandara Hospital, Bali Province. The data analysis technique used in this study was SPSS Version 25.0 and Amos for Windows 23.0, starting with the evaluation process of SEM assumptions through an evaluation of the normality of the data, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and analysis of the effect with SEM. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant positive influence between leadership, organizational culture and work environment on job satisfaction. There is a significant positive influence between leadership, organizational culture and work environment on the caring behavior of nurses. And there is a significant positive effect between job satisfaction and caring behavior of nurses.
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Naibaho, Gabriel. "HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI KERJA DENGAN PERILAKU CARING PERAWAT DI RUANGAN INTERNIS RUMAH SAKIT SANTA ELISABETH MEDAN TAHUN 2015." Elisabeth Health Jurnal 1, no. 1 (2016): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.52317/ehj.v1i1.184.
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High motivation in a person will encourage them to act properly so that it will affect the productivity of work, conversely, if the nurses are not guided by a strong desire and motivation to work it will have an impact on work satisfaction of the nurses and it reflects a low caring behavior that make the nurses become lazy and in doing their activities of serving and taking care of the patients. Goal:The purpose of this study to analyze the effects of exercise range of motion The objective of this study is to investigate the correlation between work motivation with nurses’ caring behaviors in internist room of Santa Elisabeth Hospital Medan. Methods:This study uses a correlative descriptive research design with cross sectional approach. The technique of sampling was performed by using non-probability technique with convenience sampling, with 51 respondents using questionnaire sheets of work motivation 20 statements and 42 statement of the nurses’ caring behavior. Result:The result of the study shows that work motivation category good is as many as 44 (86.3%) nurses, and category good enough is 7 (13.7%) nurses. The nurses’ caring behavior with good category is 16 (31.4%) nurses, good enough is 35 (68.6%) nurses. Conclusion:Based on spearman’s rho test P value = 0.001 and correlation coefficient = 0.603 it can be concluded that research hypothesis (Ha) is accepted that is there is correlation between work motivation with nurses’ caring beahvior in internis room of Elisabeth Hospital Medan. It is suggested to nurses to improve the knowledge, attitudes and skills especially when carrying out their role as executor of professional nursing actions.
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Yuan, Songbo, and Leslie F. Lazaro. "Occupational Stress and Caring Behavior Among Nurses in a Private Hospital in Henan, China." Journal of Neonatal Surgery 14, no. 22S (2025): 323–33. https://doi.org/10.63682/jns.v14i22s.5469.
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The research team conducted their study by measuring both occupational stress and caring behavior of hospital staff nurses at private medical facilities in Henan Province China. The research evaluated staff nurse perceptions of occupational stress and caring behavior together with their relationship patterns and determined what impact age, sex, marital status and work experience at the hospital had on these variables. A descriptive-correlational research approach supported the study that selected 309 nurses through stratified random sampling methods. Three primary sections were incorporated in the validated questionnaire that employed for data collection: demographic profile as well as occupational stress domains across six areas together with caring behavior dimensions across three areas. Internal reliability of the questionnaire measured by Cronbach's alpha value exceeded 0.85. Consistent analysis of the data included descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation and chi-square tests and normality tests. Staff members from the surveyed group showed mostly medium-high occupational stress which increased most prominently regarding their workload conditions and their limited availability for leave. Research results demonstrated that occupational stress showed a substantial positive relationship (r =0.964) at p < 0.001 with caring behavior. Single and inexperienced nurses under the age of 30 exhibit lower levels of caring behavior on the nursing attitude scale. The research findings indicate reduction of occupational distress through purposeful interventions leads to enhanced nursing care practices. The data shows that institutional reforms with subsequent studies should be implemented.
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Lubis, Ramenia M. "Mother’s Behavior In Caring For Low Birth Weight Babies (LBW) At Home." Journal of Midwifery and Nursing 3, no. 3 (2021): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.35335/jmn.v3i3.1702.
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Behavior of caring for babies with low birth weight (LBW) is a reaction or response to the condition of LBW babies which is divided into three domains, namely knowledge, attitudes and actions. Good behavior of mothers in caring for infants with LBW will have an impact on reducing mortality and morbidity rates for infants and toddlers. Descriptive research was conducted with the aim of knowing the level of knowledge, attitudes and actions of mothers in caring for LBW babies at home. The sample in this study were 30 mothers who had LBW babies aged 1 year, residing in Medan and had been taking care of them at home. This research uses purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the mother's behavior in caring for LBW babies at home for the majority knowledge domain was good (100%), for the attitude domain the majority is positive (100%) and for the action domain the majority is good (100%). It is concluded that knowledge, attitudes, actions in this study are in line with behavioral theory. It is recommended to conduct research by exploring the factors that support the formation of a good level of knowledge, positive attitudes and good actions.
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Suroso, Jebul, Sriyanto Sriyanto, and Isna Hikmawati. "Caring Character Building Strategies For Nursing Students; Opinion Of Hospital And Nursing Education Leaders." Asian Journal of Healthy and Science 2, no. 5 (2023): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.58631/ajhs.v2i5.45.
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Nursing students must be able to build caring character during the learning process. The caring character of students who have been awakened is very useful in the nursing service process after becoming a nurse. The problem that exists today is that there has not been a strong caring character in some nursing students. This will have a negative impact, namely the low quality of nursing graduates, especially in aspects of caring behavior . The low caring behavior of nurse graduates can result in low quality of service and patient satisfaction. This problem needs to be solved immediately, in the form of a strategy to build caring character for nursing students. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the right strategy to build the caring character of nursing students. The purpose of the study was to explore strategies to build caring characteristics of nursing students. This study used qualitative design. Data was obtained through structured interviews with 13 leaders of nursing in hospitals, and leaders of educational institutions . Data analysis using content analysis. The results of the study obtained three major themes of strategies for building caring character of nursing students, namely 1) integrated caring learning in the educational curriculum, 2) training and menthorship caring 3). Application of problem base learning and role play in student clinical learning. The conclusion obtained from this study is that the caring character of nursing students can be built through integrated learning design in the educational curriculum, training process and continuous assistance, and the application of practical learning methods in the form of problem base learning and role play. Advice for educational institutions is that it is necessary to strengthen the caring character of students as outlined in the curriculum, learning process and through continuous training and mentoring activities.
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Nwanzu, C. L., and S. S. Babalola. "Examining the Moderating Role of Workload in the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Caring Behavior in Healthcare Organizations." International Journal of Business Science and Applied Management 15, no. 1 (2020): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.69864/ijbsam.15-1.136.
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Caring behavior is fundamental in the healthcare setting. This study examined the moderation role of workload in predicting the relationship between emotional intelligence and caring behavior in healthcare organizations. This study is a quantitative, cross-sectional survey, and data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. The sample comprises 121 healthcare professionals, including medical doctors, nurses, pharmacists, laboratory scientists, and medical records officers in publicly-owned hospitals. The sample size consists of 30% males and 70% of females with a mean age of 41.32 years (SD = 10.25). Results revealed that emotional intelligence has a positive and significant predictive relationship with caring behavior, and that workload has a negative but non-significant interaction effect in the relationship. The findings suggest that emotional intelligence and the volume of work tasks employees are engaged in could have an impact on work outcomes. This knowledge has practical implications for human resource management in terms of recruitment, selection, job assignment, and further training of employees.
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Suwarsi, Suwarsi, and Elizabeth C. Baua. "A theory of mindfulness caring in community health nursing." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 6 (2021): 3133. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20212026.
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Most adolescent mortality and morbidity is preventable or treatable, but adolescents face specific barriers in accessing health information and services. The problems in the community in the youth group are free sex behaviour, the use of alcohol and drugs. This research to develop a caring theory model that can be applied by community nurses in the community in enhancing the awareness of adolescent age groups in the community. Research method used conceptual paper are based on previous research that the author has done (4 articles) and combines the literature review (7 results) that the author has done from April-November 2020. Result in this research indicate that the theory will become the bases or foundation for nurses to become mindful of their role as community health nurses. They need to optimize their Role in Caring for community adolescents in addressing societal problems like drug abuse, teenage pregnancy. Public awareness involves collaboration between governments by making people aware of existing laws and policies. National strategies and action plans for adolescent-specific health policies; Health management: health human resources, health facilities, networks: community health cadres, school communities; Family and peers are needed to increase awareness of adolescent behaviour so that through caring a sense of empathy and youth will be realized. Conclution in this research is nurses can apply the theory of mindfulness caring. Problems related to adolescent behavior can be overcome with cooperation in various sectors, so awareness by these sectors is the key in preventing the impact of deviant adolescent behavior.
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Nurani, Intan, Achmad Dafir Firdaus, and Rahmawati Maulidia. "Relationship Between Nurse Caring and Parents Anxiety Level in Children Who Has Hospitalized Based on Approach Swanson Theory." JURNAL KEPERAWATAN DAN FISIOTERAPI (JKF) 4, no. 2 (2022): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.35451/jkf.v4i2.972.
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Parents have a very supportive role for chidren. Especially in children who are experiencing hospitalization. Hospitalization can have an impact on both the children and the parents. In general, anxiety is one of the effects of hospitalization on both children and parents. So that the nursing care needed t address hospitalization is not only focused on children but also on parents. Comprehensive nursing care is an indicator of professional service quality by nurses which can be demonstrated by caring behavior. The purpose of this research is to find out the relationship between nurse caring and parental anxiety levels in children experiencing hospitalization is based on the swanson theory approach. This research is a literature review using several literature search strategies, namely using the PICOS, keywords used nurse caring, parental anxiety, child hospitalization and the database used was Garuda, Google Scholar, ProQuest and PubMed. There is a significant relationship between nurse caring and the level of anxiety of parents whose children are hospitalized. Nurse caring based on the Swanson theory is a caring behavior that can be nurtured and evaluated at any time. So that the caring of nurses based on Swanson theory is expected to reduce parental anxiety levels in chidren experiencing hospitalization. And furthermore can have positive effects such as accelerating recovery, shortening hospitalization and increasing patient and family satisfaction.
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Elsayed Abdelmotalb Elsaman, Suad, Nadia Taha Ahmed, and Mohamed Adel Ghoneam. "Impact of implementing a nurse caring behavior protocol on postoperative cardiac patient satisfaction." Egyptian Journal of Health Care 13, no. 3 (2022): 982–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejhc.2022.256108.
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Egan, Mary Y., Sally Munroe, Camille Hubert, et al. "Caring for Residents with Dementia and Aggressive Behavior: Impact of Life History Knowledge." Journal of Gerontological Nursing 33, no. 2 (2007): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00989134-20070201-06.
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Elliana, Agusta Dian, Nursalam Nursalam, and Esti Yunitasari. "Organizational Characteristics, Individual Characteristics, Work Characteristics, and Technological Factors against Culture-Based Care." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, G (2021): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7284.
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The quality of nursing services has a direct impact on the level of client satisfaction. The marketing wave of health services has now changed from the era of service excellence to the era of care with character so that caring behavior is the main principle in the quality of nursing services. This research is a quantitative research using a cross sectional approach. This research has been conducted at the Regional General Hospital Dr. Iskak Tulungagung and the Blambangan Regional General Hospital Banyuwangi. Respondents involved in this study amounted to 180 respondents. The research variables are Organizational Characteristics, Individual Chatacteristics, Work Characteristics, Technological Factors, Culture-based Caring, Quality of Nursing Work Life, and Quality of Nursing Services. The data in this study were analyzed using quantitative analysis techniques using SEM PLS. Organizational characteristics enhance culture-based caring. Individual characteristics enhance culture-based caring. Work characteristics enhance culture-based caring. Technological factors increase culture-based caring.
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Kim, Da-Mi, and Hye-Young Jang. "Factors influencing the caring behaviors of primary family caregivers of older adults with dementia: A cross-sectional study." Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing 26, no. 2 (2024): 146–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17079/jkgn.2023.00276.
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Purpose: This study aims to identify factors influencing the caring behavior of the primary caregivers of older adults with dementia at home. Methods: A total of 125 primary family caregivers, responsible for the care of older adults with dementia across eight dementia care centers, participated in the study. Data were collected from August 1 through September 8, 2022, and analyzed using t-tests, analysis of variance, the Scheffé test, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple linear regression. Results: Participants had a mean age of 47.4±14.2 years, and the mean score for caring behavior was 3.89±0.40. Caring behavior was influenced by the availability of help (β=.22, p=.015), the educational level of older adults with dementia (middle school β=.32, p=.008; high school β=.24, p=.045), care experience evaluation (β=.21, p=.023), and family resilience (β=.22, p=.014). The explanatory power was 25.4% (F=6.27, p<.001, adjusted R²=.25). Conclusion: To enhance the caring behavior of primary caregivers for older adults with dementia at home, nursing interventions that positively impact dementia care experiences are necessary. Regular access to community resources for assistance is crucial. Additionally, programs should be developed to strengthen family resilience, enabling family members to support each other during challenging situations. Emphasizing education is essential to enhance awareness of care aspects among primary caregivers of older adults with dementia.
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Asari, Hasyim, Suri Ana, and Hilmi Yumni. "Caring for Autistic Children Based on the Development of a Family Stress Coping Model." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 11, G (2023): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2023.11141.
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BACKGROUND: The limitations of social interaction, communication, cognitive abilities, behavior patterns, and activities in autistic children are sources of stress for parents. Parents’ negative stress assessment of autistic children causes maladaptive coping and has an impact on inappropriate caring behavior. AIM: Caring of autistic children based on the development of family stress coping models METHODS: This research was observational research by utilizing a cross-sectional approach. Participants of parents of autistic children at the Surabaya Autism Therapy Center. The determination of the amount using the rule of thumb formula in SEM is determined by 7 x 15 parameters of 105. Data collection uses a multi-stage random technique. Test the model reliability using the Structural Equation model - Partial Least Square (SEM - PLS), the structure using R Square, and evaluate using Q-square. RESULT: A significant influence occurred toward stress assessment against stress coping and stress coping against parental behavior in caring for children with autism. CONCLUSION: Parents’ positive assessment of stressors and energy adequacy and good health will make parents able to control themselves and make themselves an important psychological resource in developing adaptive coping. The development of adaptive coping for parents can increase togetherness among family members, maintain and reduce physiological and psychological reactions to stressors, and manage family support and professional staff to obtain comfort, attention, or assistance in improving behavior in caring for autistic children.
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Suprapti, Betty, Lia Herliana, and Aneng Yuningsih. "Caring Model Development in Improving Quality of Nursing Services in Tasikmalaya." INDOGENIUS 4, no. 1 (2025): 182–90. https://doi.org/10.56359/igj.v4i1.490.
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Background: Caring is needed to improve services for consumers, in this case, patients. The development of caring behavior models in hospitals is essential in improving the quality of nursing services so that it impacts the number of patients treated. Purpose: to identify the need for a caring model in improving the quality of nursing care at the Tasikmalaya Islamic Hospital, Indonesia Method: The research method uses a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach involving elements of management, nurses, and patients being treated. There were 13 participants consisting of 8 nurses as critical participants and five patients currently treated as validators. Data retrieval through in-depth interviews and focus discussions is then analyzed through content analysis. Results: The results obtained were four major themes and two sub-themes related to hospital development and the required caring model. A model of serving with "HEART" is obtained from the hospital's vision, nurse's, and patient's expectations of caring behavior. Conclusion: Nurses perceive caring behavior as serving wholeheartedly, prioritizing patient comfort, and communicating effectively and ethically. The caring model of serving with "heart" can be presented and implemented to improve nursing care services..
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Abulsaoud Ahmed Younis, Raghda, and Aida Said Moawad Elsaid. "Enhancing the In-Role Behaviour and Organizational Citizenship Behaviours in the Workplace: A Multidimensional View for the Role of Ethical Climate." International Journal of Business and Management 14, no. 12 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v14n12p1.
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Non-ethical behavior is considered as one of the main reasons of distress any organization could be exposed to. The existence of un-ethical climates, within an organization, may result in several negative behaviors towards this organization and its members. Although previous studies asserted the role of ethical climate in both organizational and individual levels, limited studies considered the role of ethical climate from the multidimensional view. This is besides examining its impact on both the in-role and volunteer behaviours. Moreover, the inconsistency of the previous research findings recall the need to address these relations in different industries. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of ethical climate from a multi-dimensional view, i.e. testing the five dimensions of ethical climate ( Law and code, Rules, Instrumental, Independence and Caring) in predicting both the in-role behavior and organizational citizenship behaviors (organizational citizenship behaviors towards individuals and towards organizations). Based on the cross-sectional study, a survey data from faculty members were collected and analyzed using structure equation modeling. The findings suggested that ethical climate predicts both behaviors. It, also, revealed that the Independence and Rules dimensions are the most influencing climate dimensions in developing the in-role behavior whereas Caring, rules and Instrumental are positively related to the citizenship behaviors. This study is one of the limited studies that considered the role of ethical climate - from a multidimensional view- in predicting both organizational citizenship behaviors and in-role behavior. In addition, it is one of the earliest studies in the Arab region which tackles such a relationship.
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WU, JINLI, YANG, QUNYING, YAN, LINA, and CHENG, FAN. "The Clinical Instructors' Caring Behavior as Perceived by Nursing Students of Selected Medical Schools in China." British Journal of Nursing Studies 4, no. 1 (2024): 01–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/bjns.2024.4.1.1.
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This study aimed to investigate nursing students’ perceptions of the clinical instructors’ caring behavior. The researchers tried to examine the role of socio-demographic profile in terms of age, gender, and year level in relation to the respondents’ caring behavior perceptions. This descriptive correlational study used a thirty (30) item questionnaire as the main gathering tool. The said questionnaire was distributed to 72 nursing students who were enrolled at selected medical schools in China for the 2022-2023 academic year. Data results were statistically analysed and interpreted using appropriate statistical tools, including the Percentage-Frequency Distribution Method, the Weighted Mean Formula and the Chi-Square Test. The results showed that the majority of the respondents belonged to the age bracket of 20-25 years (46, 63.9%), most were females (58, 80.6%), and there were more third year (junior) nursing students (29, 40.3%). This suggested that the majority of the nursing students studying at the selected medical schools were females, aged between 20-25 years and there were more junior students compared to sophomores and seniors. Results of the questionnaire revealed that with the average mean score of 2.72 in level 2 (sophomores), 2.96 in level 3 (juniors) and 3.15 in level 4 (seniors), the respondents had rated slightly agree on all the observed indicators of clinical instructors’ caring behavior perceptions. Thus, this depicted that the respondents had positive perceptions of their clinical instructors’ caring behavior. The results of the correlation between the independent and dependent variables pointed out that aside from their year level, which has a p-value of <0.010, no other independent variables were significantly associated with the respondents' perceptions of the caring behavior of their clinical instructors since the p values of their age (0.081) and gender (0.689) did exceed the 0.05 level of significance. Thus, this revealed that only the year level of the students is significantly associated with caring behavior perceptions demonstrated by the clinical instructors, which has a p-value of <0.010. To all clinical instructors, this study suggests that further training of nursing students regarding the significance of caring is needed for them to be able to learn about the essence of caring in nursing and to be well-molded individuals who will give quality nursing care to individuals, families and communities. Thus, the care demonstrated by the clinical instructors will serve as a guide to nursing students in giving quality nursing care to their clients in various settings. One limitation of the present study is that only a few respondents were surveyed, and information regarding the impact of clinical instructors’ caring behavior towards nursing students was limited; hence, for future studies, greater sample size is recommended, and other confounding factors should also be investigated.
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García Navarro, Carmen. "JOY HARJO'S ETHICAL MODES OF BEHAVIOR TOWARD THE LAND." Revista de Estudios Norteamericanos, no. 26 (2022): 153–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/ren.2022.i26.09.
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Joy Harjo’s poetry may be used to reflect on how various cultural traditions experience the concept of “We” with regards to other species and the environment, for which creative forms of responsibility should be articulated. Today, humans and non-humans alike face numerous and significant challenges and threats that are becoming increasingly apparent in the specific context of climate change and environmental degradation. Harjo’s work raises concerns about the impact that current global crises are having on the environment and our relationship to places, and consequently, our sense of belonging. This article discusses the relevance of some of Harjo’s poetry for increasing consciousness about the earth’s vulnerability and the need for environmental justice, which may be found in small but fundamental acts of caring
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Rostami, Somaye, Ravanbakhsh Esmaeali, Hedayat Jafari, and Jamshid Yazdani Cherati. "Perception of futile care and caring behaviors of nurses in intensive care units." Nursing Ethics 26, no. 1 (2017): 248–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733017703694.
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Objectives: Futile medical care is considered as the care or treatment that does not benefit the patient. Staff of intensive care units experience moral distress when they perceive the futility of care. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between perceptions of nurses regarding futile medical care and their caring behaviors toward patients in the final stages of life admitted to intensive care units. Method: This correlation, analytical study was conducted with 181 nursing staff of the intensive care units of health centers affiliated to Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran. The data collection tool included a three-part questionnaire containing demographic characteristics form, perception of futile care questionnaire, and caring behaviors inventory. To analyze the data, statistical tests and central indices of tendency and dispersion were investigated using SPSS, version 19. Pearson’s correlation coefficient, partial correlation, t-test, and analysis of variance tests were performed to assess the relationship between the variables. Ethical considerations: The study was reviewed by the ethics committee of the Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Informed consent was obtained from participants. Results: Our findings illustrated that the majority of nurses (65.7%) had a moderate perception of futile care, and most of them (98.9%) had desirable caring behaviors in taking care of patients in the final stages of life. The nurses believed that psychosocial aspects of care were of utmost importance. There was a significant negative relationship between perception of futile care and caring behavior. Conclusion: Given the moderate perception of nurses concerning futile care, and its negative impact on caring behaviors toward patients, implementing suitable interventions for minimizing the frequency of futile care and its resulting tension seems to be mandatory. It is imperative to train nurses on adjustment mechanisms and raise their awareness as to situations resulting in futile care.
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Janssen, Anna L., and Roderick D. MacLeod. "What does care mean? Perceptions of people approaching the end of life." Palliative and Supportive Care 8, no. 4 (2010): 433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951510000301.
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AbstractObjective:This project sought to better understand the nature of medical care from the perspective of people approaching the end of life.Method:We asked 13 people who were dying (and a family member for each) to describe their care and the ways in which doctors' behavior fosters or inhibits the feeling that they were cared for as individuals. Interviews took a phenomenological approach. Data analysis was thematic.Results:Examples used by participants as evidence of care varied widely and showed the potentially complex nature of quality care. Participants' descriptions reflect the many ways people can impart and experience care as unique individuals in the medical context. They also provide clear examples of what uncaring behaviour looks and feels like.Significance of results:The importance of care was clearly illustrated through descriptions of the benefits of caring behavior and the negative consequences of uncaring behavior. In order to demonstrate the empathy and compassion expected and assumed of medical graduates and engender a feeling of being cared for among their patients, doctors need to invite and develop a relationship with those they are caring for. There needs to be a focus on each member of the caring relationship primarily as individual human beings.
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Wati, Ni Made Nopita, R. Tri Rahyuning Lestari, Gita Ayuningtyas, Ni Bodro Ardi, and I. Gede Juanamasta. "Nurse Perceived of Caring Leadership: A Qualitative Descriptive Study." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, G (2021): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6666.
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BACKGROUND: The leader’s attitude or behavior to staff or subordinates greatly determined a conducive working atmosphere in a hospital. Decrease in performance and job dissatisfaction will impact work productivity, attendance (absenteeism), the quality of services provided, and the exit of the workforce itself (turn-over). This is why the importance of a harmonious relationship between a leader and his staff or subordinates. AIM: This study aims to determine nurses’ views regarding caring leadership of the head of the room. METHODS: The research method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with a face-to-face interview. Fifteen registered nurses were involved in this study that interacts directly to the patient and nurse manager. The data were analyzed by content analysis. RESULTS: Nurse perceived caring leadership, including giving positive feelings, listening, encouraging, influencing, experience, proactive, and struggling for the subordinates. CONCLUSION: A deep understanding of caring leadership could bring the curricula with the new course of caring leadership. The student can learn and practice from the early time. It would bring a caring attitude as a part of their own life.
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Fu, Weihui, Feng He, and Na Zhang. "Antecedents of organizational commitment of insurance agents: Job satisfaction, ethical behavior, and ethical climate." Journal of Global Business Insights 5, no. 2 (2020): 134–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/2640-6489.5.2.1135.
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This research explored the impact of job satisfaction, the ethical behavior of coworkers, successful managers, and employees themselves. Also explored were six types of ethical climate on organizational commitment and its three dimensions, including affective, continuance, and normative commitment through an investigation on 476 Chinese insurance agents. The empirical results showed that ethical behavior of coworkers and a caring climate had a significantly positive impact on both organizational commitment and its three dimensions, while independence climate had no significant influence on overall organizational commitment or its three dimensions. Job satisfaction, ethical behavior of successful managers and employees themselves, and the other five types of ethical climates only had a significant impact on organizational commitment or some of its dimensions.
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Kartini, Yanis, Imamatul Faizah, Nursalam Nursalam, Ahsan Ahsan, and Ratna Yunita Sari. "Carative Caring and Cognitive Behavior Therapy on Self Efficacy and Self Care of Covid-19 Patients." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 10, G (2022): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.7937.
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Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia is increasing in which it has an impact on psychosocial conditions for everyone. COVID-19 patients feel low and afraid because of without family assistance while being treated in the room so that the patient's self-efficacy and confidence decrease in carrying out patient self-care.
 Objective: This study aims to analyze the effect of giving carative caring and cognitive behavioral therapy on self-efficacy and self-care for COVID-19 patients.
 Methods: The sampling technique used consecutive sampling to determine the sample according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, with a total sample of 106 respondents who were divided into 53 intervention groups and 53 control group respondents. The instruments used in this study were the caring behaviors assessment tool to measure carative caring. General self-efficacy was used to measure self-efficacy and exercise of self-care agency was used to measure self-care for COVID-19 patients. The data were analyzed using the t-test with a significant level of p<0.5.
 Main Findings: The results showed that in the group the difference in the mean self-efficacy before and before the intervention was 10.17, while the difference in the mean of self-care before and after the intervention was 10.81. In the control group, the difference in the mean of self-efficacy before and after the intervention was 0.13, while the difference in the mean of self-care before and after the intervention was 0.02. Analysis of the data obtained showed that carative caring and cognitive-behavioral therapy had an effect on self-efficacy and self-care for COVID-19 patients with a p-value = 0.00.
 Conclusion: Research that aims to analyze the effect of giving carative caring and cognitive behavioral therapy on self-efficacy and self-care for COVID-19 patients proves that carative caring and cognitive behavioral therapy have an effect on self-efficacy and self-care for COVID-19 patients.
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Liu, Sandra S., David Franz, Monette Allen, et al. "ED Services: The Impact of Caring Behaviors on Patient Loyalty." Journal of Emergency Nursing 36, no. 5 (2010): 404–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2009.05.001.
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