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Holt, Billie-Jean. "The impact of tabloidisation on the South African press." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50159.
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Thesis (MPhil) -- University of Stellenbosch, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The advancement of news technology in the last few decades has lead to an information explosion of an unprecedented scope. Twenty-four hour a day news channels, electronic publications, the Internet, and a proliferation of print publications feed this media explosion. Coupled with this has been the growth of a celebrity culture, where the lives of the rich and famous have been placed under intense scrutiny. Commercial interests also have to be taken into account. It is conventional wisdom that sensational news sells newspapers. This news is not limited to celebrity news, but encompasses crime reporting as well as high profile scandals affecting ordinary people. As the news becomes more ubiquitous, the competition becomes tougher and the pressure to print what sells grows. The other commercial pressure is that of the marketers of the entertainment industry who have a vested interest in having the stars of their movies, music and television shows enjoy a high media profile. This study aims to determine whether the South Africa media has shown a trend towards reporting a more sensational and celebrity based form of news. It seeks to discover whether the South African news has become tabloidised. This will be done by analysing the content and presentation of the front page of The Cape Times, a Cape Town based broadsheet, over the period of several years. This will be used as a measure to determine whether or not the content and form of the South African media is following a trend to tabloidisation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die vooruitgang in mediategnologie aan die einde van die twintigste eeu het tot 'n oorvloed van inligting gelei. Nuuskanale wat vier-en-twintig uur per dag uitsaai, elektroniese publikasies, asook die Internet en die groei van die drukmedia het hierdie verskynselondersteun. Tegelykertyd het die media in die jongste dekades meer begin fokus op die lewens van beroemdes. Kommersiële faktore moet ook in ag geneem word. Met die groei van die media is meer druk geplaas op individuele nuusorganisasies om winste te maak. Dit is alombekend dat sensasionele nuus verkoop. Hierdie soort nuus is nie net gefokus op beroemdes nie, maar ook op misdaad en skandale deur gewone mense. Bemarkingsamptenare van die vermaaklikheidsbedryf moedig nuus oor beroemdes aan, want dit help om hul produkte te verkoop as hul sterre dekking kry. Hierdie studie wil vasstelof die media in Suid Afrika wel meer fokus op sensasionele nuus, ten koste van meer ernstige nuus. Dit wil vasstelof die Suid- Afrikaanse media die kenmerke van poniekoerante begin toon. The Cape Times, 'n Kaapse koerant, se voorblad is ontleed oor 'n tydperk van enkele jare. Die nuusinhoud asook voorkoms van die koerant is bestudeer om vas te stelof die koerant in 'n poniekoerant ontwikkel. Hierdie koerant is gebruik as 'n voorbeeld van die Suid-Afrikaanse media.
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Altzar, Oskar. "Surface Characteristics and Their Impact on Press Joint Strength." Thesis, KTH, Mekanisk metallografi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-205919.
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Press fitting is a commonly used method in the assembly of shafts and gearwheels in gearboxes andare using the friction created between them to hold them together. To increase productivity Scania CVAB in Södertälje, Sweden, are going to replace the current hard machining method for layshafts. Whiletesting the new methods in rig it occurred that the gearwheel slipped in tangential direction towardsthe layshaft at a lower torque then with the current method even through all requirements on thelayshafts surface was meet. The purpose and aim with this study is to investigate differences betweenthe methods and to find new requirements for the layshaft. The torque of slip, (Ms) established in atorque test rig and analysis of surface roughness, hardness and microstructure conducted of both thelayshafts and gearwheels. The characteristics of the layshaft surface was also analysed and comparedbetween the different hard machining methods. The study concludes that no correlation between thesurface parameters and the Ms occurred and no major differences in the material between themethods. The study also concluded that the Ms between the layshaft and gearwheel is lower if thelayshaft surface is harder and smoother than the gearwheel surface.
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Hothi, Hardip Singh. "The impact and deformation of press-fit metal acetabular components." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/3117.
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Early failure of some metal-on-metal (MoM) hip implants are extensively reported but not fully explained. These arthroplasties commonly utilise large-diameter, thin-walled acetabular cups that have the advantage of minimal removal of acetabular bone and a reduced chance of dislocation; however they may deform during insertion which involves impaction. The role of diametrical cup deformation as a factor to unsatisfactory implant performance has not been widely reported. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the extent to which deformations may occur in clinically relevant situations and to assess the significance of a range of variables on the deformation generated. 2D axisymmetric finite element (FE) models established a method of simulating impaction using different momentums. Experimentally validated 3D foam models showed that deformation is clearly influenced by the orientation of the cup, the support of the underlying bone and the geometry of the component itself. CT scans of the pelvis from 8 similarly sized female patients from two discrete age populations were used to develop clinically relevant FE models. Cup deformations were found to occur due to pinching between the iliac and ilial regions and were significant when compared to typical minimum diametrical clearances of 80-120 μm. In young pelvis models deformations of 34–63 μm were found to be significantly greater than in the older pelvis models, p<0.001. Surprisingly, small changes in the cup version increased deformations by up to 40% from the surgeon identified optimal position and were 30% greater when an eccentricity was introduced into the reamed acetabulum. The local deformations estimated in the acetabular cups may cause localised reductions in the fluid-film thickness, resulting in regions where boundary, rather than mixed lubrication takes place. This may help explain why failure and high wear rates are sometimes found in young patients with acetabular components positioned in clinically optimal positions.
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Yang, Guang. "The impact of news text, news frames and individual schemata on news comprehension." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2012. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1462.
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Baldwin, John Andrew. "The impact of media publicity on the criminal court." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2000. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/183.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Legal Studies
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Choi, Won-Young. "Freedom of the press and its impact on the Second Republic of Korea." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361595.
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Jasson, Da Costa Wendy Avril. "The impact of the protection of state information bill on media freedom in South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1014619.
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This thesis considers the impact which the Protection of State Information Bill will have on media freedom in South Africa. During apartheid, draconian laws prevented the media from reporting freely, and newspapers as well as the broadcast media were heavily censored. When the country became a democracy in 1994, the political grip on the media faded, and a new era of press freedom began. However, the Protection of State Information Bill is seen as a direct threat to that freedom. The Bill, also known as the Secrecy Bill, will classify state-related information and censor the media who make public or are found to be in possession of, classified information. For journalists this means that the way in which they report and what they report will be severely restricted. The Bill will also impact on the willingness of whistleblowers to come to the fore. This study looks at the importance of a free press, at how the Secrecy Bill evolved, and how opposition parties and civil society set about opposing it. It will examine democracy and its relationship with a free press, and do a policy analysis of the Bill. It will also look at how civil society organisations came together to oppose the Bill, and some of the changes which came about as a result of this opposition.
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Wasswa, John Baptist. "The exploration of the impact of state ownership on Uganda's New Vision Newspaper's social role." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002948.
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The global trends of democratisation and privatisation that swept much of the developing world in the 1980s and 1990s led to significant changes in the conceptualisation, organisation and performance of the media. In Africa democratisation attained a new meaning with associated processes of liberalisation of broadcasting to end the monopoly of broadcasting by the state. The private media of the liberalised market is increasingly putting the public media system, both broadcast and print, under serious competition, and forcing them to adjust to changing circumstances. The New Vision newspaper in Uganda is one such public service media organisations that are owned by the state and yet have to compete in the new more democratic and liberalised environment. This study set out to explore the extent to which state-ownership impacts on The New Vision’s social role. Using both qualitative and quantitative methods of date collection, I have established the that although The New Vision is a public service medium for which government remains the major source of news, it does not in most cases give the state more or preferentially prominent coverage at the expense of other interest groups in society. On contrary, basing of the amount of coverage of civil society I established that The New Vision enabled the various groups public sphere to interact. The newspaper to an extent also plays the democratic role of monitoring government although there was little evidence of monitoring of corporate abuse. The nature of The New Vision Statute, and the global trends that have changed the conduct of official and private business, have rendered the theories on the 1980s’ development media theories increasingly inapplicable, forcing The New Vision to develop its own version of development journalism that is socially relevant. The study recommends that whereas much of The New Vision Statute is progressive, sections of it should be removed to protect the newspaper from being manipulated by government functionaries, if the it is to continue enabling the public sphere. The newspaper should also increase its monitoring of corporate abuse, and make internal reforms to improve the coverage of development related issues.
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Mawlood, Saman Jalal. "Challenges and Opportunities: The Impact of the Press Law (2008) on the Role of Journalism in the Kurdistan Region post-2003." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5370.
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This thesis examines the role of the media in the Kurdistan Region focusing on developments since the fall of Saddam Hussein's regime in 2003 in order to identify the challenges which have faced journalists there, and the construction of national identity and the potential opportunities which this sector presents for shaping public opinion and strengthening the nascent democracy in the region. After tracing the history of the Kurdish media against the broader backdrop of Iraq, using an interdisciplinary approach, this thesis analyses the strengths and weaknesses of the Kurdish media, with particular reference to regulation, examining the Press Law (2008). It concludes with a series of recommendations regarding the growth and development of new opportunities in the Kurdish media. In addition, it will present arguments to support the urgent need to develop a legal and regulatory framework which is fit-for-purpose for the media in this style democracy.
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Rojas, Lévano Lizzie Milagros del Carmen. "Criterios para una nota de prensa eficiente en medios regionales, aplicado al caso OSINERGMIN." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652408.
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Las notas de prensa son consideradas como una herramienta de comunicación para gestionar una reputación mediática frente a los stakeholders (Rojas, 2003), y es necesaria para toda institución pública (Yanes, 2007). Sin embargo, no siempre el envío constante de estas notas garantiza su publicación. Por ello, se cuestionó los aspectos que un periodista toma en cuenta para publicar una nota de prensa. En la presente investigación se analizó los criterios que los periodistas de medios regionales consideran en una nota de prensa de un organismo estatal, con la finalidad de brindar nuevos aportes para optimizar sus notas y mejorar su visibilidad frente a los medios de comunicación. En ese sentido, el estudio se basó en el caso de Osinergmin, entidad pública dedicada a supervisar y regular a las empresas del rubro energético del país, en donde se llevó a cabo el análisis de su gestión en notas de prensa. Se empleó una metodología de carácter cualitativo y exploratorio, mediante entrevistas a una serie de periodistas de determinadas regiones del Perú. Como resultado, se aprecia distintos factores que influyen en la prensa regional ante la publicación de las notas de prensa, y se destaca una forma distinta de generar visibilidad en los medios regionales, la cual va más allá de buscar un contenido atractivo o acoplar nuevos elementos a las notas. Esta investigación propone a las organizaciones un reto para posicionarse mediáticamente en las regiones, ya que no solo deben captar la atención del periodista, sino también del lector.Press releases are seen as a communication tool to manage a media reputation with stakeholders (Rojas, 2003), and is necessary for any public institution (Yanes, 2007). However, the constant submission of these notes does not always guarantee their publication. Therefore, the aspects that a journalist takes into account in publishing a press release were questioned. In the present investigation we analyzed the criteria that regional media journalists consider in a press release of a public organization, with the aim of offering new contributions to optimize their notes and improve their visibility to the media. In this regard, the study was based on the case of Osinergmin, a public entity dedicated to monitoring and regulating energy companies in the country, where the analysis of its management was carried out in press releases. A qualitative and exploratory methodology was used, through interviews with a number of journalists from certain regions of the country. As a result, there are different factors influencing the regional press regarding the publication of press releases, and a different way of generating visibility in the regional media, which goes beyond looking for attractive content or adding new elements to this notes. This research offers organizations a challenge to position themselves in the media in the regions, since they must not only attract the attention of the journalist, but also of the reader.
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Kaheru, Hamis. "An analysis of the views of journalists and government officials regarding the impact of new vision's coverage of the Nakivubo Channel Rehabilitation Project." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002893.
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Šukytė, Viktorija. "Lietuvos įvaizdis Didžiosios Britanijos spaudoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20101125_190716-15976.
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Šiuo darbu siekiama nustatyti, kaip žiniasklaida formuoja šalies įvaizdį. Tam tikslui keliami šie uždaviniai: oNustatyti žiniasklaidos sampratą ir atskleisti, kaip žiniasklaida veikia visuomenę; oIšsiaiškinti, kaip žiniasklaida formuoja viešąją nuomonę; oPaaiškinti nacionalinio įvaizdžio sampratą ir apibrėžti, kas lemia nacionalinio įvaizdžio žiniasklaidoje formavimą; oNustatyti, kaip žiniasklaida formuojama nacionalinį įvaizdį; oTyrimu atskleisti, kaip Didžiosios Britanijos žiniasklaida formuoja Lietuvos įvaizdį. Darbas sudarytas iš trijų dalių: oPirmoje dalyje pateikiamos svarbiausios žiniasklaidos sąvokos, iš kurių išrenkama pagrindinė darbe naudojama sąvoka. Tam, kad būtų suprasta, kokiais kanalais informacija pasiekia auditoriją ir kokius vaidmenis atlieka žiniasklaida pateikdama informaciją supažindinama su pagrindinėmis žiniasklaidos rūšimis ir funkcijomis. Žiniasklaidos teorijomis nustatomas žiniasklaidos ir visuomenės ryšys. Tuo tarpu poveikio teorijomis aiškinama, kaip žiniasklaida veikia visuomenę: kokia informacija auditorijai teikiama ir kaip tai daroma. Išskiriamos tam tikros teorijos, turinčios įtakos įvaizdžio žiniasklaidoje formavimui. oAntroji dalis skirta šalies įvaizdžio sampratos analizei ir žiniasklaidos įtakai nacionalinio įvaizdžio sudarymui nustatyti. Išskiriant tam tikrus veiksnius, aiškinamas informacijos atrankos procesas: kaip ir kokia informacija atrenkama,- ir kas lemia žiniasklaidos pasirinkimą. Framing teorija nustatoma, kaip žiniasklaida... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The purpose of this paper is to examine how the British press shapes the image of Lithuania. To achieve the result certain questions were raised: how often is Lithuania mentioned in the selected newspapers; what are the major topics/coverage that mention Lithuania; what is the role of Lithuania in those topics; what attitude is being formed towards Lithuania in those topics; what means are used in the image formation. Two major British newspapers The Times and The Guardian were taken for the analysis of the articles. For the research all articles between the period of the 1st January to the 31st December 2008 were used. The methods of content analysis were mostly applied though the comparison of different newspapers was also selected. The paper is divided into two main parts. The first part is used to present the general views on the media, theoretical approach, main research on national image that is formed by the media. The second part reveals the means of how and the reasons why certain sources for the reaseach were selected: the selection of the media, newspapers, articles and periods; defining the variables and formation of the code (coding schemata); gathering of information; data analysis; concluding remarks. The conclusion that was arrived is as follows. Both newspapers presented Lithuania in slightly different ways. The Times had less articles about Lithuania and the country was presented in a quite narrow context (home news) as one of the East European countries... [to full text]
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Al-Fadhel, Jehad Abdulla. "The role and impact of the press in Bahrain in the process of democratisation : special reference to the discourse of pre and post reforms in Bahraini newspapers (1996-2006)." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/133569.
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This dissertation sets out to investigate the role of the press in effecting political and socio-economic changes in the Bahraini society prior, during and after the Reform Act which was issued by King Hamad Bin Issa Al-Khalifa in February 2001. To this end, the author has used qualitative and quantitative research methods. This was carried out through content analysis of archival data, questionnaires and in-depth structured interviews. The population was randomly selected from journalists, intellectuals, women in key positions as well as media specialists. Qualitatively, the results point to some dramatic changes in varied areas. The press has brought about enhancing the margin of freedom of expression which is depicted in both the coverage and discourse of newspapers discourse. More importantly, the press has a remarkable role in women political empowerment which had been almost absent prior to the Reform Act. Quantitatively, a wider range of topics and issues, some of which are quite sensitive, are now addressed with relative transparency. Another significant change is the increasing number of newspapers. Before the Reform Act there were only two Arabic newspapers, now there are seven Arabic and two English newspapers. Despite such promising changes, some informants continue to believe that the margin of freedom of expression is somewhat restricted and there are some topics and issues that cannot be approached adequately. In light of the results of this study, it can be concluded that the press has effected some major political, social, economic, educational, etc. changes in Bahrain, albeit not quite satisfactorily.
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Zhang, Shixin. "Impact of globalisation on the local press in China : a case study of the Beijing Youth Daily from 1981 to 2006." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/417/.
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This thesis addresses the issue of impact of globalisation on the news production and news content at local newspapers in China. By making an in-depth study of Being Youth Daily, the second biggest local newspaper in Beijing, essential changes in the local newspapers- are identified and analysed,thus revealing the relations between the global and local, external and internal influences, the Party-state and the media as well as the media and the market. The central argument is that globalisation impacts many aspects of local newspapers including media policy, organisation, journalistic practice, journalists' roles and coverage of world news. Such impact is uneven. In the case of the state's media policies and organizational changes the influence is explicit whereas in relation to news production routines and the perceptions of newspeople it tends to be implicit. Driven by the commercialization of the domestic media, the accelerated world-wide flow of goods and capital, population mobility, and the advancement of information technology, especially the Internet, Chinese local newspapers and newspeople share many commonalities and similarities with the western press and western newspeople but also maintain distinctive characteristics due to China's unique political-socialeconomic system. Consequently, globalisation is producing neither total homogenization nor total heterogenisation but a mixture. Globalisation is a process involving a multi-level deregulation and re-regulation, protectionism, capitalism, media convergence, hybridization and domestication driven by the interaction of global and local actors, political, economic and technical factors, and external and internal influences. In the globalisation era, the state still plays a central role. A free press does not emerge in an authoritarian state just because of globalisation.
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Roeder, Michael F. "Examining the impact local newspapers have on local decision making : a study of Indiana mayors." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/958772.
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Researchers have long-studied whether the media have an agenda or are strictly objective in their coverage. Using several agenda setting studies, this study built upon them and used the third-effect theory, which assumes people will the influence that mass communications has on the attitudes and behavior of others, to examine perceptions.This study examined whether Indiana mayors allowed the local newspaper to impact policy decisions. The effort determined that mayors perceived newspaper headlines impacted others more than the mayors.Indiana’s 115 mayors were divided by population classes and used to compare and contrast the results to questions examining agenda setting. One hypothesis assume mayors of larger cities would be impacted greater by the local newspaper than mayors of smaller cities. Statistically there was no correlation between the city size and how stories influence the operations in city hall. In fact, all mayors tended to agree that newspapers have little effect on policy decisions.The second hypothesis was based on the assumption that mayors perceived information in the newspaper had a greater effect on general readers of the newspaper than it did on the mayors. The results supported the notion and other third-person effect theories, which assume people will say information has a greater impact on someone else, the "third person," than it does on themselves.Department of Journalism
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Danielsson, Amanda, and Jessica Olsson. "Framställningen av samkönade föräldrar i svensk dagspress : En kritisk diskursanalys som jämför tre olika tidsperioder i modern tid." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-86927.
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The aim of this study was to analyze and critically review how cohabited parents are represented in selected Swedish newspapers during three periods of time. We have conducted a critical discourse analysis and looked at how daily newspapers use the language based on social constructivism. As a power aspect we also used Foucault's power analysis as a theoretical starting point. In the study's results, we saw that the language used in the articles differs depending on the time period they had been published. In the result, we found three general themes that we analyzed: exercise of power within the discourse, norms and categorizations, as well as changes over time. During the years 1992-1993, different expressions were used against same-sex couples, compared to today. In 2002, the focus instead was on the adoption issue. In the later period, 2017-2018, the result showed that the policy took more place in the articles. Same-sex parents also expressed themselves in the media and they described how they still felt excluded in a society dominated by heterosexual norms.
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Kellison, Timothy B. "The newspaper, neighborhood perception, and the Steel City the historical impact of community on professional sports as reflected and portrayed in the local press /." Connect to resource, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/25237.
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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2007.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains 60 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 56-60). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
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Parganlija, Dajana [Verfasser]. "Impact of altered muscle perfusion through lower body negative pressure on acute cardiovascular, physiological and molecular responses to resistive leg press exercise / Dajana Parganlija." Köln : Zentralbibliothek der Deutschen Sporthochschule, 2021. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2021100613542756830888.
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Horton, James Colby. "The External Conflict of Modern War Correspondents: Technology's Inevitable Impact on the Extinction of Nostalgic Combat Reporting." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3247/.
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Through historical and content analyses of war coverage, this study qualitatively addresses emotional quality, use of sources, and implied use of technology to better understand the tension between Vietnam and Afghanistan war correspondents and their military counterparts. Early American democracy aspired to give total freedom to its people. But the American military, in its quest to uphold the ideas of democracy, has often challenged the freedom of press clause set forth by the United States Constitution. Since the Vietnam era, the relationship between the military and the media has been plagued by questions of censorship, assertions of falsehood, and threats to national security. But it is the technological advancements in both reporting and combat techniques that have caused a disappearance of the nostalgic war coverage that American correspondents once prospered from. The possibility of returning to journalists' vision of unrestricted press access is all but lost due to such advancements.
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Bossley, Jon P. "Environmental Impact from Outdoor/Environmental Education Programs: Effects of Frequent Stream Classes on Aquatic Macroinvertebrates." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1460977372.
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Mor, Roy Jordi-René. "Flow alteration and wastewater inputs effects on freshwater communities in Mediterranean rivers." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668849.
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Mediterranean rivers are characterized by high hydrological variability and
heterogeneity of habitats, placing themselves amongst arid and temperate
climates, and are associated with high biological diversity. On the other
hand, its high dependence on precipitation favours water needs for
anthropogenic use to exceed availability, creating a scarcity scenario that
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causes an increase in human pressure such as dam construction and pollution.
This thesis aims to identify the effects produced by the regulation of the
flow and the contamination for urban wastewater in the communities of the
Mediterranean rivers. First the thesis analyses the effects of hydrological
stability produced by a dam on the food web structure. Secondly, describe the
effects of wastewater pollution on macroinvertebrate community, trophic
efficiency transfer and food web nicheEls rius mediterranis es caracteritzen per una alta variabilitat hidrològica i heterogeneïtat d’hàbitats, trobant-se a cavall entre els climes àrids i temperats, i estan associats a una alta diversitat biològica. Per contra, la seva gran dependència de la precipitació, propicia que les necessitats d’aigua per a ús antròpic superin la disponibilitat, creant un escenari d’escassetat que provoca un augment de les pressions humanes tals com la construcció de preses i la contaminació. Aquesta tesi te com a objectiu identificar els efectes produïts per la regulació del cabal i la contaminació per aigües residuals urbanes en les comunitats dels rius mediterranis. Per una banda s’analitzen els efectes de l’estabilitat hidrològica produïda per una presa a la xarxa tròfica; i per l’altre els efectes de la contaminació urbana sobre les comunitats d’invertebrats, transferència d’energia i xarxes tròfiques
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Rabelo, Bastos Claudio. "Avaliação dos impactos socioeconômicos do turismo na região metropolitana de Fortaleza (Ceará-Brasil)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/92557.
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Este trabalho de investigação analisa o modelo turístico da cidade de Fortaleza, capital do estado do Ceará (Brasil) e pretende alcançar os seguintes objetivos: em primeiro lugar elaborar um marco teórico de referência que possibilite a mensuração dos impactos do turismo nos campos econômico e sócio-cultural; em segundo lugar, mensurar a percepção dos impactos sóciocultural e econômicos decorrentes do aumento da demanda turística na cidade e na região; finalmente, determinar o nível de competitividade da oferta turística de Fortaleza. Para atingir estes objetivos seguiu a seguinte metodologia: revisão da bibliografia existente sobre o tema, pesquisa de campo através de entrevistas e questionários com turistas, residentes e gestores do turismo local (Trade Turístico), e finalmente, a realização de testes de hipótese. O tratamento dos dados qualitativos e quantitativos foi realizado através do método misto e da triangulação dos resultados obtidos nos questionários e entrevistas. O ponto de partida da investigação foi identificar as categorias dos agentes intervenientes, as pressões que influenciam na qualidade de vida dos cidadãos e na competitividade do destino no contexto nacional e internacional. A metodologia desenvolvida se inspira nas obras de Krippendorf (1984); Mahielson e Wall (1982); e Slootweeg, Vanclay e Schooten (2003). O modelo teórico proposto avalia a percepção dos impactos provocados pelo fluxo turístico, seus reflexos sobre a produção local dos serviços turísticos, sua incidência na qualidade de vida dos residentes e no grau de competitividade dos produtos comercializados em Fortaleza. O estudo detecta que o maior obstáculo à competitividade local se constitui nas deficiências atribuídas ao modelo de governo que leva a um uso indevido dos recursos, a criação das de mazelas sociais, e deterioração da qualidade de vida de seus cidadãos. Confirma-se a hipótese de que Fortaleza, apesar de possuir alto potencial para o desenvolvimento turístico, não é capaz de transformar seus recursos e ativos em vantagens comparativas para competir internacionalmente de modo satisfatório. Assim mesmo, a região do Ceará começa a perceber os efeitos do crescimento do turismo e que estes são sentidos heterogeneamente pelos residentes, seja por nível educacional, de renda ou espacial. Destaca-se também que as maiores pressões foram percebidas no nível intra-institucional e não entre turistas e residentes como se pensava. Os turistas, residentes e o trade apresentaram diversas sugestões de melhoria a posição de Fortaleza como destino, que representam uma ferramenta a ser utilizada para a melhoria da gestão pública-privada (governança).Este trabajo de investigación analiza el modelo turístico de la ciudad de Fortaleza, capital del estado de Ceará (Brasil) y persigue alcanzar los siguientes objetivos: en primer lugar elaborar un marco teórico de referencia que posibilite la medición de los impactos del turismo en los campos económico y socio-cultural; en segundo lugar, evaluar la percepción por parte de la población local de los impactos socioculturales y económicos derivados de la creciente demanda turística en la ciudad y la región; finalmente, determinar el nivel de competitividad de la oferta turística de Fortaleza. Para lograr estos objetivos se siguió la metodología siguiente: revisión de la bibliografía existente sobre el tema; investigación de campo a través de entrevistas y encuestas a los turistas, los residentes y los gestores del turismo local y, finalmente, la realización de pruebas de hipótesis. El tratamiento de los datos cualitativos y cuantitativos obtenidos se realizó mediante el método mixto de la triangulación de los resultados obtenidos en las encuestas. Los supuestos de partida de la investigación son identificar las categorías de agentes intervinientes, las presiones que influyen en la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos y la competitividad de destino en el contexto nacional e internacional. La metodología desarrollada se inspira en las obras de Krippendorf (1984); Mahielson y Wall (1982) y Slootweeg, Vanclay y Schooten (2003). El modelo teórico propuesto evalúa la percepción de los impactos causados por el flujo turístico, sus efectos sobre la producción local de servicios turísticos, su incidencia en la calidad de vida de los residentes y el grado de competitividad de los productos que se comercializan en Fortaleza. El estudio detecta que el mayor obstáculo para la competitividad del destino proviene de las deficiencias del modelo de gobierno que conlleva un uso indebido de los recursos, la creación de diferencias sociales y el deterioro de la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos. Ello confirma la hipótesis que Fortaleza, a pesar de tener un alto potencial de desarrollo turístico no es capaz de transformar sus recursos y activos en ventajas comparativas que le permitan competir a nivel internacional de una manera satisfactoria. Asimismo, la región de Ceará empieza a notar los efectos del crecimiento del turismo y que éstos son percibidos por la ciudadanía de forma heterogénea, ya sea por el nivel educativo de ingresos o por el lugar de residencia. Cabe destacar que las tensiones más altas se detectan más a nivel institucional que entre los turistas y los residentes. Los turistas, los residentes y el comercio local aportan numerosas sugerencias para mejorar la posición de Fortaleza como destino, que representan una herramienta que puede utilizarse para mejorar la gestión turística.
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Moisei, Claudia. "Les médias de l'écrit dans la Roumanie d'aujourd'hui et leur impact sur la vocation européenne du pays." Paris 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA020017.
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Au moment même où la Roumanie se prépare à rejoindre les membres de l'Union européenne, la situation des médias de l'écrit s'y améliore. Outils de modernisation et de progrès, mais également outils de propagande, les médias de l'écrit dans leurs heurs et malheurs n'ont cessé d'accompagner la société roumaine même pendant ses moments les plus difficiles. Ils sont aujourd'hui à l'image de la Roumanie actuelle, encore faibles, confrontés avec de problèmes de toutes sortes, mais prêts à rebondir et à resurgir en force et à s'aligner sur des standards européens. Quelle a été l'évolution des médias de l'écrit dans ce pays encore en transition en 2004 ? Comment se réalise la synchronisation avec l'espace culturel européen ? Quel rôle ont eu les médias en période électorale et quelle est la place des nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication dans ce secteur sont des questions auxquelles cette thèse tente d'apporter des réponses. Depuis les premières traces d'écriture trouvées sur le territoire roumain et jusqu'à l'utilisation de l'Internet, elle essaie de décrire et d'expliquer les éléments les plus révélateurs du paysage médiatique roumain de l'écrit dans un contexte marqué aujourd'hui par la diversification, la modernisation et plus encore la mondialisation.
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Dantas, Junior Pedro Celestino. "Impacto do abastecimento irregular de ?gua nos altos ?ndices de dengue." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15991.
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Previous issue date: 2012-07-30Dengue fever is an infectious disease that causes thousands of deaths each year in Brazil and other tropical countries. This work demonstrates that the irregularity in the supply of water by public water supply systems is a major factor that contributes to the proliferation of breeding sites of the mosquito that transmits dengue, due to the impossibility of removing water storage tanks. 31 points in the water supply network in thirteen districts of Natal, Brazil, were monitored by the installation of pressure gauges type Datalogger. The data about pressure showed deficiency in water supplies in many neighborhoods, forcing residents to accumulate water in tanks at ground level. In addition, It was observed that in neighborhoods with regular water supply, Infestation Index per type of container (ITR) of type A2 (Deposit ground level) was 0.00% and where there were failures in the supply of water , the ITR was high (above 50%). We believe that policies to combat dengue in Brazil should be reassessed so that more resources can be directed to the improvement of water supply systems and supply companies should be blamed for the problem too
A dengue ? uma doen?a infectocontagiosa que provoca milhares de mortes anualmente no Brasil e em outros pa?ses tropicais. Este trabalho demonstra que a irregularidade no fornecimento de ?gua pelos sistemas de abastecimento p?blico ? um dos principais fatores que contribuem para a prolifera??o de criadouros do mosquito transmissor da dengue, em decorr?ncia da impossibilidade de elimina??o dos dep?sitos de armazenamento de ?gua, como caixa d ?gua e dep?sitos ao n?vel do solo. Foram monitorados 31 pontos na rede de abastecimento de ?gua em treze bairros da cidade de Natal, Brasil, onde foram instalados medidores de press?o do tipo Datalogger, Os dados de press?o auferidos verificaram falhas no fornecimento de ?gua em muitos bairros, obrigando os moradores a acumular ?gua em dep?sitos ao n?vel do solo. Al?m disso, Observou-se que nos bairros com fornecimento regular de ?gua o ?ndice de (Infesta??o) por Tipo de Recipiente (ITR) do tipo A2 (Dep?sitos ao n?vel do solo) era 0,00% e onde havia falhas no fornecimento de ?gua, elevado (superior a 50%). Acreditamos que as pol?ticas de combate ? dengue no Brasil devem ser reavaliadas, de maneira que mais recursos sejam direcionados para a melhoria dos sistemas de abastecimento de ?gua e as companhias de abastecimento tamb?m sejam responsabilizadas pelo problema
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Bachaalany, Dolly. "L'impact de l'argent et du pouvoir sur les journaux au Liban ( Etude de cas : An-Nahar, Ad-Diyar, Al Mustaqbal, Al Akhbar )." Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020091.
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Le Liban jouit de la liberté de la presse qui le distingue des autres pays de la région, mais les journaux se sont transformés après la guerre, et plus particulièrement après l'accord de Taëf en 1989; de quotidiens objectifs « défendant l'unité du pays et de son peuple », en « une arme pour alimenter le feu de la discorde entre ses fils ». Cette division s'est reflétée plus clairement après l'assassinat de Rafic Hariri en 2005, où le Liban s'est divisé en deux grandes parties, sur une base sectaire et dogmatique (Sunnite- chiite et les chrétiens étaient répartis sur les deux communautés). Ainsi furent crées les deux forces de 8 et 14 Mars, en concurrence sur tout, du pouvoir et les postes jusqu'à la domination des médias afin de promouvoir la ligne politique des dirigeants de chacune d'entre elles. Les journaux étaient tellement influencés par cette partition, et au lieu de jouer leur rôle dans la transmission de la vérité, ils sont devenus un miroir qui reflétait les différences des politiciens. Les principales raisons de ce biais furent abordées par cette étude qui a révélé l’influence du pouvoir sur eux, et cela à travers l’analyse du contenu de 21 événements importants qui ont eu lieu au cours de 22 ans, dans quatre quotidiens : An-Nahar, Ad-Diyar, Al Mustaqbal et Al Akhbar. Cette étude a montré aussi l’hégémonie de l'argent sur ces journaux et leur besoin permanent d'un financement supplémentaire, afin de survivre. Et comment les journaux foliaires feront face aujourd'hui au risque de disparition après la concurrence avec la presse électronique ? Cette thèse aide ainsi à comprendre les mutations de la presse entre conditions politiques et changements techniquesLebanon enjoys the freedom of the press that distinguishes him from other countries in the region, but the newspapers have been transformed after the war (between the Muslims and the Christians), and specifically after the Taif Agreement in 1989, from “objective and defending the unity of the country” to “a new weapon to raise the fire of strife between his sons”. This split was more clearly reflected after the assassination of Rafic Hariri in 2005 as Lebanon broke in two parts, but this time on a sectarian and doctrinal basis (Sunni-Shiite and the Christians were distributed over the two communities).The parties 8 and 14 March arose, competing on everything; starting by the powers and the positions arriving to the domination of the media in order to promote the political line of the leaders of both of them. The newspapers were much affected by this division, and instead of playing their role in the transmission of the truth, they became a mirror reflecting the politician’s differences. The main reasons of this bias were addressed by this study, showing the effect of this power on them, and this through the analysis of the content of 21 important events, taking place over 22 years, in four daily newspapers: An-Nahar, Ad- Diyar, Al Mustaqbal and Al Akhbar. It showed also the dominance of money and the need of the newspapers for a permanent additional funding, despite the advertising revenues and the high turnover in the holiday seasons, in order to survive. And how foliar newspapers today will face the risk of extinction after the competition with digital media? This thesis helps to understand the changes of the press between political and technical conditions change
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Kittinaovarut, Siriwan. "Polymerization-Crosslinking Fabric Finishing, With Pad-Dry-Cure, Using Nonformaldehyde Btca/Ia/Aa Combinations to Impart Durable Press Properties in Cotton Fabric." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30763.
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This study examined the mechanical and durable press
properties of cotton 3/1 twill-woven fabrics finished with
various concentrations of reactants in the BTCA/IA/AA
combinations. The regression analysis was used to determine
the relationship among each finishing variable, BTCA, IA, and
AA concentrations, mole ratio of acid monomers to
the sodium hypophosphite monohydrate catalyst, and
curing times at 180°C, and the finished fabric's property
variable, breaking strength, tear strength, wrinkle recovery
angle whiteness index, and durable press rating. Based on
the results of the reduced regression equations and
range dispersion of mean values of finished fabric properties.
The results of the study indicated the some BTCA/IA/AA
combinations applied to cotton fabric provided good results
in wrinkle recovery angle, breaking strength, and tear
strength, comparable to those of the fabric finished with
either BTCA only or DMDHEU reactant. The combinations of
BTCA/IA/AA reactants did not provide as good whiteness index
and durable press rating as the BTCA or DMDHEU reactant.Ph. D.
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Pereira, Tânia Oliveira. "Estratégias de relacionamento das organizações com a imprensa e seus impactos na reputação corporativa." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27154/tde-01122014-115441/.
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Esta dissertação tem como objetivo conhecer as estratégias de relacionamento com a imprensa de organizações reconhecidas por sua boa reputação corporativa e seus impactos nesse ativo. A imprensa foi o público escolhido para a análise por ser comum a todas as organizações e devido ao seu poder de influência sobre os públicos, que ainda continua bastante expressivo, mesmo em um cenário de internet móvel e mídias sociais. Para responder a pergunta central foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa qualitativa para tentar compreender a relação entre os relacionamentos organizacionais e a reputação corporativa. Como recorte dessa análise, serão avaliadas cinco organizações de reputação destacada no Brasil, conforme o Reputation Institute: Nestlé, Johnson & Johnson, Mercedes-Benz, Petrobras e O Boticário. O objetivo é entender se o relacionamento com a imprensa colabora no fortalecimento da reputação positiva e, se sim, verificar quais são as estratégias de comunicação utilizadas pelas referidas empresas. Todas as organizações estudadas mostraram um alto grau de qualidade no relacionamento com a imprensa, mas o principal resultado encontrado foi que o contato pessoal é a melhor forma de criar vínculos de confiança com esse público, o que fortalece a qualidade do relacionamento e o potencial de impactar positivamente a reputação corporativa.This dissertation aims to understand the strategies orienting press relations in organizations that are recognized for their good corporate reputation and their impacts on this asset. The press was chosen for analysis because it is common to all organizations and due to its significant influence over other publics, even in a scenario of mobile web and social media. To answer the central question, this study is grounded by qualitative research in an attempt to understand the relationship between organizational relationships and corporate reputation. In this analysis, five organizations with outstanding reputation in Brazil, according to Reputation Institute, will be assessed: Nestlé, Johnson & Johnson, Mercedes-Benz, Petrobras and O Boticário. The goal is to understand whether press relations contribute to strengthen positive reputation and, if so, identify the communication strategies used by these companies. All organizations studied showed a high degree of quality in the relationship with the press, but the main finding is that personal contact is the best way to create bonds of trust with this audience, which strengthens the quality of the relationship and the potential to impact positive corporate reputation.
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Silva, Thaise Sousa da. "Percep??es ambientais de comunidades rurais e indicadores de sustentabilidade como subs?dios ? conserva??o de ?reas de caatinga no Rio Grande do Norte." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2014. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/19580.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
A degrada??o ambiental ? um problema global que afeta particularmente regi?es submetidas a varia??es clim?ticas sazonais, como ? o caso do semi?rido brasileiro, mais precisamente o Dom?nio das Caatingas. Aliada a outros fatores negativos, como o uso e ocupa??o desordenados, as consequ?ncias t?m desafiado a ci?ncia na busca pelo equacionamento dos problemas socioambientais gerados. Nesse sentido, a Percep??o Ambiental tem sido um instrumento bastante relevante em estudos que tratam das rela??es entre meio ambiente e a??es humanas, por possibilitar an?lises das concep??es, atitudes e valores, principalmente aqueles relacionados ? conserva??o ambiental. Aliada ? Percep??o Ambiental, os Indicadores de Sustentabilidade constituem ferramentas relevantes por possibilitarem mensurar as poss?veis causas e consequ?ncias de problemas ambientais. Dentre os diversos Indicadores de Sustentabilidade, destaca-se o m?todo press?o-estado-impacto-resposta (PEIR), que ? um instrumento anal?tico que permite organizar e agrupar de maneira l?gica os fatores que afetam, o impacto que geram na natureza e na sa?de humana, assim como de que forma a sociedade e o poder p?blico podem intervir para reverter a situa??o causada. Nessa perspectiva, foram estudadas tr?s ?reas de Caatinga no serid? do Rio Grande do Norte: Esta??o Ecol?gica do Serid?, Munic?pio de Serra Negra do Norte; Reserva Particular do Patrimonio Natural Stoessel de Brito, Munic?pio de Jucurutu; e parte da Serra de Santana, Munic?pio de Tenente Laurentino Cruz. Estas constituem ?reas naturais protegidas e n?o protegidas e por isso, est?o submetidas a diferentes formas de gest?o, embora compartilhem semelhan?as socioambientais; ou seja, as comunidades residentes nessas ?reas, est?o submetidas a vulnerabilidades e usam de forma desordenada as potencialidades dos recursos naturais. Nesse Cen?rio, esta tese teve como objetivo geral inserir as comunidades rurais no processo de conserva??o, utilizando a Percep??o Ambiental dessas comunidades, aliada ? an?lise da sustentabilidade dos munic?pios por meio do PEIR. As informa??es sobre percep??o foram obtidas de dados prim?rios e secund?rios de estudos anteriormente realizados em comunidades habitantes do entorno da ESEC Serid?, munic?pio de Serra Negra do Norte e da RPPN Stoessel de Brito, munic?pio de Jucurutu. E, por meio de observa??o direta e entrevistas no formato de formul?rios, aplicados a comunidades rurais do entorno da Caatinga do Munic?pio de Tenente Laurentino Cruz, foram obtidas suas percep??es. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que os entrevistados apresentam um conhecimento amplo sobre a degrada??o ambiental, suas causas e consequ?ncias, atende um vasto conhecimento sobre os recursos naturais existentes nessas ?reas de Caatinga. A An?lise do Sistema PEIR possibilitou identificar nas ?reas estudadas que, nos munic?pios que abrigam Unidades de Conserva??o, a degrada??o ambiental est? em menores propor??es que naqueles que n?o possuem ?reas protegidas, al?m de demonstrar que o conhecimento das comunidades e a aceita??o destas em rela??o ?s Unidades de Conserva??o, potencializam as a??es que podem ser utilizadas para a redu??o da degrada??o ambiental na Caatinga
Environmental degradation is a global problem that particularly affects areas subject to seasonal climatic variations, such as the brazilian semiarid region, namely the Caatinga Domain. Combined with other negative factors, such as natural resource misuse and disorderly land occupation, the consequences of Environmental Degradation have challenged science in the quest for addressing the resulting social and environmental problems. Accordingly, Environmental Perception methodology, by analyzing the concepts, attitudes and values, (especially those pertaining to environmental conservation) represent an important tool in studies that address the relationship between the environment and human actions. Sustainability Indicators are also relevant tools to assess the possible causes and consequences of environmental problems. Among several Sustainability Indicators available, the PressuresState-Impact-Response (PSIR) method is an analytical tool that permits the grouping of factors affecting sustainability as well as their consequences for nature and human health, and thus indicate mitigating actions for society and the public authorities. From this perspective, three areas of Caatinga were studied in Rio Grande do Norte state: Serid? Ecological Station (ESEC), Municipality of Serra Negra do Norte; Private Natural Reserve Stoessel de Brito (PNRSB), Municipality of Jucurutu; and part of the Serra de Santana, Municipality of Tenente Laurentino Cruz. The areas are both legally protected and unprotected and subject to diferent management protocols, though their share the common characteristic of human misuse of natural resources. In this scenario, this thesis? main goal was to introduce the rural communities into the conservation process, using the results of Environmental Perception of such communities, combined with the analysis of the sustainability of municipalities through PSIR. Information on Environmental Perception was obtained from primary and secondary data from previous studies carried out in the ESEC Serid? and PRNP Stoessel de Brito. Additional data was obtained through direct observation and interview forms applied to rural communities in the Municipality of Tenente Laurentino Cruz. The results showed that respondents possessed a broad knowledge regarding environmental degradation, its causes and consequences for the caatinga biome. PEIR analysis showed that environmental degradation was smaller in countries with protected areas, as compared to those without. The population?s knowledge about environmental degradation and their acceptance of conservation units, as showed by Environmental Perception Analysis, coupled with the results of PEIR, suggest that those attitudes may foster actions aimed at reduction of environmental degradation in the Caatinga domain
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Cardoso, Martinha da Conceição Rebeca. "O infotainment no jornalismo: O impacto da vida privada, social e pública junto da imprensa popular portuguesa." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14979.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Comunicação Social – Vertente JornalismoA imprensa popular, ligada a um estilo sensacionalista, privilegia o interesse do público para solidificar audiências. O infotainment relaciona-se com esta lógica editorial e cresceu a tendência para fundir informação e entretenimento. Elevar as emoções a expoente máximo, potenciar o factor entretenimento e noticiar a vida pessoal de figuras públicas não gera unanimidade entre os teóricos. Uns defendem a necessidade de equilíbrio entre informar e distrair, outros sublinham que esta estratégia implica perda de qualidade e credibilidade, e acusam-na de mau jornalismo. Esta dissertação, com a problemática do fenómeno do infotainment na noticiabilidade da imprensa popular, contempla as dimensões da vida privada, social e pública dos protagonistas das estórias e compara a força que exercem aquando a tomada de decisão e selecção valorativa. Analisamos a Secção “Vidas” do jornal diário generalista Correio da Manhã e os Suplementos semanais “Sexta” e “Vidas”, porque este jornal alia a informação ao entretenimento, é líder de mercado e um sucesso de imprensa popular a nível nacional. Os resultados revelaram-nos que as notícias de infotainment, que visam alcançar o interesse do público, preferem a vida social e privada das figuras públicas, abordando inclusive a intimidade, dentro da dimensão privada. Porém, são inerentes à noticiabilidade de questões privadas e íntimas uma série de questões éticas e deontológicas, que nem sempre são respeitadas pelos jornalistas e órgãos de comunicação de cariz sensacionalista. Também percebemos que a audiência é um factor que exerce influência em todo o processo de construção noticiosa (newsmaking), o que não surpreende dado o cariz comercial da publicação e seus Suplementos.
The popular press, linked to a sensationalist style, opts to privilege the interest of the public in order to solidify audiences. The infotainment follows this editorial logic and made grown the tendency to merge information and entertainment. Elevating the emotions exponencially, potentiating the entertainment and noticing the personal life of public figures does not generate unanimity among theoreticians. While some of them defend more balancing between informing and distracting functions, others underly that this communication strategy implies a loss of quality and credibility, accusing it of bad journalism. This dissertation, which problematic is centered on the infotainment phenomenon in the news of the popular press, contemplates the private, social and public dimensions of life of the protagonists of the stories and compares the force they exert in the decision making process. Thus, we analyzed the thematic Section "Vidas" of the daily newspaper Correio da Manhã and its weekly Supplements - "Sexta" and "Vidas" - because this newspaper, in addition to allying information to entertainment, is the audience leader and a successful popular press in Portugal. The results reveal the news that mixes information and entertainment aims to reach the public's interest by giving contents related, both, social life as well as private life - including intimacy. Nevertheless, within the news of private and intimate issues, there are a ethical and deontological issues that are not always respected by journalists and media outlets. At the same time, we realize that the audience is a important criteria that journalists take into account throughout the newsmaking process, which is not surprisingly given the commercial character of this publication and its Supplements.
N/A
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Bolivar, Analluza Bravo. "O impacto no Brasil da casuística internacional relativa à violação do direito de informação sobre a assistência consular para preso estrangeiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2135/tde-14062012-114504/.
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Trata-se do estudo da casuística internacional sobre as violações cometidas pelos Estados Unidos da América contra o artigo 36 da Convenção de Viena sobre Relações Consulares de 1963. A Corte Internacional de Justiça e a Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos interpretam, regulamentam e aprimoram o direito de informação sobre assistência consular para preso estrangeiro, que deixa de ser visto como um direito puramente inter-Estatal por ambos os tribunais. Abordamse questões de Direito Internacional Público, como a força vinculante das decisões da Corte Internacional de Justiça, e sua íntima relação com o direito interno do Estado parte do tratado, inclusive com relação aos Estados terceiros ao litígio internacional, como o Brasil. Em sendo um componente do pacote das garantias do devido processo legal, o prejuízo causado ao réu estrangeiro pela falta de informação sobre o direito de assistência consular pode ensejar o reconhecimento de nulidade processual penal absoluta.This is the study of international cases relating the violations committed by the United States of America against the article 36 of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations of 1963. The International Court of Justice and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights have the opportunity to interpret, regulate and enhance the right to information on consular assistance to foreign detainee, who is no longer seen as a purely inter-State law by both Courts. The study addresses issues of Public International Law, as the binding force of decisions of the International Court of Justice, and its close relationship with the Domestic Law of the State party to the treaty, including with respect to third states to the international dispute. Considered a human right, part of the package of guarantees of due process, the demonstrated prejudice caused to the foreign defendant for lack of information about his right to consular assistance may cause the recognition of absolute nullity of criminal procedure.
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Sallent, Bonaventura Oriol. "Esdeveniments esportius i generació de xarxes turístiques i esportives." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/128927.
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Sporting events strongly affect the relations of agents that become involved during the preparation and execution. This relationship can continue or may disappear. The purpose of this study is to explore the generation of cohesive and innovatory networks in two events: a triathlon and a stage-race mountain bike. The data analysis is based on the theory and techniques of social network analysis. Key players in the sports and tourist areas were interviewed before and after the first and second edition. The results indicate differences between the two events, but generally show that there is an evolution in the structure and complexity of the network. Considering the benefits of cohesive and well connected networks, creation and strengthening of networks between these actors should be a priority of public and private strategiesEls esdeveniments esportius afecten intensament les relacions dels agents que s’hi impliquen durant la preparació i execució. Aquesta relació pot continuar o pot desaparèixer. El propòsit d'aquest estudi és explorar la generació de xarxes cohesionades i innovatives en dos esdeveniments: un triatló i una marxa de BTT per etapes. L’anàlisi de les dades es fa a partir de teoria i tècniques de l’anàlisi de xarxes socials. Actors clau de les àrees esportives i turístiques dels municipis van ser entrevistats abans i després de la primera i la segona edició. Els resultats indiquen diferències entre els dos tipus d’esdeveniments, però en general mostren que hi ha una evolució en l'estructura i en la complexitat de la xarxa. Considerant els beneficis que tenen les xarxes cohesionades i ben connectades, la creació i enfortiment de xarxes entre aquests actors hauria de ser una prioritat de les estratègies públiques i privades
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Bilarev, Todor. "Feedback Effects in Stochastic Control Problems with Liquidity Frictions." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19592.
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In dieser Arbeit untersuchen wir mathematische Modelle für Finanzmärkte mit einem großen Händler, dessen Handelsaktivitäten transienten Einfluss auf die Preise der Anlagen haben.
Zuerst beschäftigen wir uns mit der Frage, wie die Handelserlöse des großen Händlers definiert werden sollen. Wir identifizieren die Erlöse zunächst für absolutstetige Strategien als nichtlineares Integral, in welchem sowohl der Integrand als der Integrator von der Strategie abhängen.
Unserere Hauptbeiträge sind hier die Identifizierung der Skorokhod M1 Topologie als geeigneter Topologue auf dem Raum aller Strategien sowie die stetige Erweiterung der Definition für die Handelserlöse von absolutstetigen auf cadlag Kontrollstrategien.
Weiter lösen wir ein Liquidierungsproblem in einem multiplikativen Modell mit Preiseinfluss, in dem die Liquidität stochastisch ist. Die optimale Strategie wird beschrieben durch die Lokalzeit für Reflektion einer Diffusion an einer nicht-konstanten Grenze. Um die HJB-Variationsungleichung zu lösen und Optimalität zu beweisen, wenden wir probabilistische Argumente und Methoden aus der Variationsrechnung an, darunter Laplace-Transformierte von Lokalzeiten für Reflektion an elastischen Grenzen.
In der zweiten Hälfte der Arbeit untersuchen wir die Absicherung (Hedging) für Optionen. Der minimale Superhedging-Preis ist die Viskositätslösung einer semi-linearen partiellen Differenzialgleichung, deren Nichtlinearität von dem transienten Preiseinfluss abhängt.
Schließlich erweitern wir unsere Analyse auf Hedging-Probleme in Märkten mit mehreren riskanten Anlagen. Stabilitätsargumente führen zu strukturellen Bedingungen, welche für ein arbitragefreies Modell mit wechselseitigem Preis-Impakt gelten müssen. Zudem ermöglichen es jene Bedingungen, die Erlöse für allgemeine Strategien unendlicher Variation in stetiger Weise zu definieren. Als Anwendung lösen wir das Superhedging-Problem in einem additiven Preis-Impakt-Modell mit mehreren Anlagen.In this thesis we study mathematical models of financial markets with a large trader (price impact models) whose actions have transient impact on the risky asset prices. At first, we study the question of how to define the large trader's proceeds from trading. To extend the proceeds functional to general controls, we ask for stability in the following sense: nearby trading activities should lead to nearby proceeds. Our main contribution in this part is to identify a suitable topology on the space of controls, namely the Skorokhod M1 topology, and to obtain the continuous extension of the proceeds functional for general cadlag controls. Secondly, we solve the optimal liquidation problem in a multiplicative price impact model where liquidity is stochastic. The optimal control is obtained as the reflection local time of a diffusion process reflected at a non-constant free boundary. To solve the HJB variational inequality and prove optimality, we need a combination of probabilistic arguments and calculus of variations methods, involving Laplace transforms of inverse local times for diffusions reflected at elastic boundaries. In the second half of the thesis we study the hedging problem for a large trader. We solve the problem of superhedging for European contingent claims in a multiplicative impact model using techniques from the theory of stochastic target problems. The minimal superhedging price is identified as the unique viscosity solution of a semi-linear pde, whose nonlinearity is governed by the transient nature of price impact. Finally, we extend our consideration to multi-asset models. Requiring stability leads to strong structural conditions that arbitrage-free models with cross-impact should satisfy. These conditions turn out to be crucial for identifying the proceeds functional for a general class of strategies. As an application, the problem of superhedging with cross-impact in additive price impact models is solved.
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Trujillo-Baute, Elisa. "The Impact of EU Regulation in Network Industries." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/287328.
Full textAbstract:
Within the European Union (EU), economic regulation is often used as a promotion mechanism to achieve specific objectives. In the telecommunications and the energy sectors this is observable through those regulations that promote the participation of new agents and/or new technologies
Access regulation has been implemented in the EU to promote the entrance of new agents in the telecommunications sector. With the aim of stimulating competition and achieving its desired effects in markets and among consumers, new entrants have been provided with access to incumbents fixed-line infrastructure at the wholesale level. Similarly, as part of the EU 2020 energy strategy, the Climate and Energy Package undertook to implement the “20-20-20” targets. Among these, arguably the most challenging is raising up to 20% the share of EU energy consumption produced from renewable resources. Member States have embraced this target by promoting the production of electricity from renewable energy sources.
Within the telecommunications sector, one of the markets affected by changes in the European regulatory framework is that of the broadband service. The rationale behind access regulation is that entrants be allowed initially to provide a service that requires minimum direct investment while relying on the incumbents existing network; however, subsequently, entrants are expected to increase their investments as they develop their own infrastructure in a process captured by the “ladder of investment” theory . This EU regulation has clear implications for the firms investment decisions and, as such, for aggregate infrastructure investment at the country level in the telecommunications sector.
From a firm level point of view, in the context of the access regulation implemented in the EU, new market competitors are able to provide broadband access for customers by using the incumbents infrastructure, the prices for which are regulated. As such, firm performance is, in part, dependent on regulatory decisions, while the implementation of regulated rates directly affects firm performance in two ways: by impacting the entrants production costs through the input prices and by impacting the incumbents wholesale and retail income. In addition, a firms behavior will also be determined by the firms characteristics, and given that in most countries broadband services are now provided by a broad range of operators, including incumbents and entrants as well as national and multinational firms, these are fundamental for any regulatory analysis.
Within the energy sector, following the setting of the 20-20-20 targets under the corresponding EU regulation, the feed-in tariff regulation has become the most widely adopted mechanism by Member States to encourage the take-up and development of electricity generation from renewable energy sources. Under the feed-in tariff regulation, a specific price is guaranteed per unit of electricity generated by the target technologies. In most Member States the cost of resources assigned to promoting the production of electricity from renewable energy sources is borne by the final consumer. In recent years, however, the recession has caused governments, industry and consumers alike to worry about high retail energy prices, and here some of the blame has been attributed to climate policies, in general, and to the feed-in tariff regulation, in particular. In this regard, two components of the electricity retail price can be expected to be influenced by the feed-in tariff regulation: the incentives to those firms producing electricity from renewable energy sources and the wholesale price of electricity. The two components, which act over the electricity retail price in opposite directions, are functions of the proportion and type of renewable sources in the energy mix. Technology-specific considerations are clearly therefore important for any empirical analysis of the impact of EU regulation on the energy sector.
This dissertation undertakes an empirical analysis of the impact of EU regulation. More precisely, I analyze the effects of access regulation on the telecommunications sector and of the feed-in tariff regulation as a policy mechanism designed to accelerate investment in renewable energy technologies on the energy sector.
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Nasrazadani, Hajar. "The impact of effective factors on the Iranian electricity market in comparison to the Spanish electricity market." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/362655.
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Electricity market analysis is important to access strategic market information which can be further employed to pass energy policies. Due to the advantages of privatization, the Iranian government has taken certain fundamental steps in order to construct a competitive market, after passing the pertinent laws in its parliament as to the privatization of the electricity market. This PhD thesis presents a detailed econometric analysis of the Iranian electricity market by means of various approaches of time series analysis. The main idea of this thesis rests on the investigation of the state and degree of competition in the Iranian electricity market using the time series analysis approach.
This research explains Iranian electricity market mechanisms with linear and nonlinear time series statistical approaches. Mechanisms that were previously developed in the Spanish electricity market provide an opportunity to employ time series modeling to further compare the two markets as a benchmark.
This study examines the two indices-price and load-of these markets via time series analysis. In following, it compares these time series analysis in order to present separate estimation models for each index price and load time series (for each market). Implemented models include: linear models (ARIMA), conditional heteroskedastic models (ARMA-GARCH) and nonlinear models (SETAR and ARMA-TGARCH). To assess the best fitted model, MSE and residual volatility analysis tests were implemented. Assuming the conditional variance of our data, the researcher propose the ARMA-TGARCH model as the best suited model for the Iranian electricity market price, ARMA-GARCH model for Iranian electricity load and also for Spanish electricity price and load.
Finally, this research explored the role of load in each market using specific statistical methods such as scatter plots, etc.
This study will be quite helpful to establish the state of the Iranian electricity market and how exactly to stimulate its degree of competition. The researcher further suggested that at current state, no significant relationship between price and load in the Iranian electricity market exists. This result led the researcher to examine the impact of other macro and microeconomic factors and indices on the electricity prices in the Iranian market. The most important of these factors have been selected through the study and research of energy markets; the most significant include the Henry Hub Natural Gas Spot Price, Europe Brent Crude Oil Spot Price, the US dollar/Iranian Rial foreign exchange rate, and the Iranian (Tehran) Stock Exchange, specifically the TEPIX. Here, the goal was to survey the potential relationship between these factors and Iranian electricity prices via time series correlation analysis. The researcher also clarified that no significant relationship exists between price and these macro and microeconomic factors in the Iranian electricity market.
The researcher also assembled forecast from the best estimates derived from the study models and carry out simulations to develop forecasting models. This short-term forecasting is applied to both Iranian and Spanish electricity prices and their respective loads. These predictions also clearly showed the different patterns between these indices¿price and load¿in the Iranian electricity market.
Finally, considering the results obtained through the tests and data analysis which examined the Iranian electricity market, it is concluded that the Iranian electricity market could be still recognized as a non-free/centralized market questioning the claimed policies thus far implemented toward decentralizing and privatizing the Iranian marketNasrazadaniAnalizar el mercado de la electricidad es muy importante para acceder a la información estratégica de dicho mercado que además puede ser empleado para aprobar las políticas energéticas. Debido a las ventajas de la privatización, el gobierno iraní ha tomado ciertas medidas fundamentales para construir un mercado competitivo, después de aprobar las leyes fundamentales en su parlamento que permiten la privatización del mercado eléctrico. Esta tesis doctoral presenta un análisis econométrico detallado del mercado eléctrico iraní, mediante diversos enfoques de análisis de series temporales. La idea principal de esta tesis se basa en la investigación así como el grado de consecución en el mercado eléctrico de Irán utilizando el enfoque de análisis de series temporales. En esta investigación se explican los mecanismos de mercado de la electricidad iraní mediante enfoques de series temporales lineales y no lineales. Los mecanismos que se han desarrollado con anterioridad en el mercado eléctrico español ofrecen la oportunidad de emplear el modelado de series temporales para comparar los dos mercados analizados como punto de referencia.Este estudio examina los dos índices –precio y potencia– de estos mercados mediante series temporales. A continuación, se comparan estas series temporales con el fin de presentar modelos para cada precio y potencia de dichas series temporales. Los modelos implementados incluyen: modelos lineales (ARIMA), modelos heterocedásticos condicionales (ARMA-GARCH) y modelos no lineales (SETAR y ARMA-TGARCH). Para evaluar el mejor modelo ajustado se calcula el error cuadrático medio (ECM) y se implementan los tests que permiten analizar la volatilidad residual. Suponiendo que nuestros datos detectan varianza condicional, la investigadora propone el modelo ARMA-TGARCH como el modelo más apropiado para el precio de mercado de la electricidad de Irán, modelo ARMA-GARCH para la potencia iraní y también para los precios y potencia de la electricidad española. Por último, esta investigación explora el papel de la potencia en cada mercado usando métodos estadísticos específicos, tales como gráficos de dispersión, etc. Este estudio será de gran ayuda para establecer el estado del mercado de la electricidad de Irán y cómo exactamente se puede estimular su grado de competencia. La investigadora sugiere, además, que en el estado actual, no existe una relación significativa entre el precio y la potencia en el mercado eléctrico iraní. Este resultado ha llevado a la investigadora a examinar el impacto de otros factores e índices macro y microeconómicos sobre los precios de la electricidad en el mercado de Irán. Los factores más importante han sido seleccionados a través del estudio y la investigación de los mercados energéticos; los más significativos incluyen el precio “Spot del Henry Hub Natural Gas”, “Precio Spot del Petróleo Brent Europeo”, “Dólar estadounidense / Rial iraní tipo de cambio”, y la Bolsa de Valores (Teherán), en concreto el TEPIX. En este caso, el objetivo ha sido estudiar la posible relación entre estos factores y precios de la electricidad de Irán a través de la correlación de series temporales. La investigadora también ha reunido las predicciones de las mejores estimaciones derivadas de los modelos estudiados y ha llevado a cabo simulaciones para desarrollar modelos de predicción. Finalmente, considerando los resultados obtenidos a través de los testes y análisis de datos que examinó el mercado de la electricidad de Irán, se concluye que el mercado de la electricidad de Irán podría ser aún reconocido como un mercado no libre / centralizado cuestionando las políticas reclamadas hasta ahora implementadas hacia la descentralización y la privatización del mercado iraní.
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Lipani, Vaissade Marie-Christine. "Impact des quotidiens gratuits Métro et 20 minutes sur la lecture de la presse quotidienne par les 17-25 ans : vers la constitution d'un public distinct et typique ?" Paris 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA030084.
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Dès leur arrivée en France, en 2002, Métro et 20 Minutes, les deux premiers quotidiens gratuits se sont positionnés sur le marché des " non lecteurs " de presse quotidienne et notamment sur celui des jeunes. Nous nous sommes intéressée à cette composante jeunes du lectorat des gratuits et notre questionnement principal est le suivant : en quoi les jeunes lecteurs constituent-ils un public distinct et typique ? Nous avons rencontré plus de mille jeunes, de 17 à 25 ans, en formation post bac. Notre étude s'appuie sur deux outils méthodologiques : un questionnaire et un entretien semi-directif. Notre première partie cible, entre autres, le fonctionnement de la presse gratuite Les deux autres parties portent sur l'analyse de notre corpus. Notre objectif est de comprendre quelles sont les raisons, en dehors de la simple gratuité, insuffisante à nos yeux, conduisant les jeunes à lire les quotidiens gratuits, et à se sentir destinataires de ces journaux, proposant une autre offre de lectureSince 2002, the free daily newspapers Metro and 20 Minutes have been introduced in France. These newspapers have been dedicated to "non readers" market of daily press and in particular young people. We were interested in this young part of free newspapers' readers. Our main question is the following : in what the young readers do constitute a distinct and typical public? We met more than thousand young students, from 17 to 25 years. Our study is based on two methodological tools: surveys and interviews. Our first part targets the free press. The two other parts deal with our corpus analysis. Beyond the fact these newspapers are free, our purpose is to understand which are the reasons leading the young people to read the free daily press
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Vargas, González Darío Esteban. "Aplicación de la herramienta de modelación de aguas subterráneas Feflow para la evaluación de impactos y medidas de mitigación de obras mineras." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/114462.
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Ingeniero CivilEl trabajo de título se centró en la aplicación de la herramienta FEFLOW para la modelación y evaluación numérica de flujos de aguas subterráneas, en base a elementos finitos, en la zona saturada y no saturada del suelo. Se presenta un caso de estudio que fue analizado por la consultora de ingeniería ambiental Knight Piésold mediante la utilización, en conjunto, de otras herramientas de modelación como Visual Modflow y SEEP/W. Estos programas se complementan para analizar los flujos involucrados en la zona saturada y no saturada respectivamente, consignándose como una metodología a comparar frente a FEFLOW. Es así que se presenta como objetivo principal analizar la aplicabilidad, manejo y resultados numéricos de FEFLOW frente a lo realizado con Visual Modflow y SEEP/W. El desarrollo del trabajo consideró un análisis a las metodologías implementadas en la modelación de cada programa. De acuerdo a esto se presentan los resultados y pasos a seguir en la definición de la zona de modelación y sus condiciones de borde, interpolación topográfica y ajustes en la calibración de la zona saturada como de la no saturada de acuerdo a cada herramienta utilizada. Para complementar el estudio se realizó un análisis de sensibilidad del programa FEFLOW en función del número de elementos utilizados en la generación de la grilla de modelación y así conocer la influencia de esta variable en el modelo. Los resultados de ambas metodologías enfrentadas resultaron ser consistentes entre ellas y en línea a las consideraciones en la modelación. A su vez se analizaron las diferentes complejidades a enfrentar en la generación de un modelo con estas herramientas, por lo que la comparación no solo radica en elementos numéricos, si no también en las dificultades que el usuario debe hacer frente. Se concluye con un análisis a los objetivos y consideraciones más importantes observadas durante el estudio, tales como la utilización de programas basados en diferencias finitas y elementos finitos, la metodología en la caracterización de la zona no saturada, la modelación de una geometría compleja y la aplicabilidad del programa FEFLOW.
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Liu, Pinhe. "Impacts de la maturité du raisin et du fractionnement au pressage des jus sur la composition des moûts et des vins blancs - Relation avec les propriétés moussantes des vins de base de Champagne." Thesis, Reims, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REIMS045/document.
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La mousse est une caractéristique organoleptique majeure des vins effervescents. Dans le cadre d’une meilleure maîtrise des propriétés moussantes des vins de Champagne, l’objectif de ce travail est de mieux comprendre l’impact de la maturité des raisins et du fractionnement des jus au pressurage sur la composition des moûts et des vins, en particulier sur les protéines, et la relation avec la moussabilité des vins.Au cours de la maturation de raisins sains Chardonnay et Pinot noir de deux millésimes, les caractéristiques œnologiques des moûts évoluent pour un TAP compris entre 4% et 11% vol. Une augmentation de la teneur en protéines est aussi montrée au cours de la maturation des baies. De plus, pour des raisins vendangés à « maturités industrielles », des changements essentiels de la composition biochimique des moûts, ayant un TAP compris entre 8% et 11% vol., sont observés.Une étude de la maturité de raisins Chardonnay et Pinot meunier de trois millésimes, a montré que des raisins plus mûrs, et sains, donnent des vins de base avec des teneurs en protéines totales plus élevées, ayant une meilleure moussabilité que des vins issus de raisins moins mûrs. Les analyses statistiques montrent des corrélations positives significatives entre différentes caractéristiques œnologiques des moûts et des vins de base et, pour la première fois, une corrélation entre la moussabilité et la teneur en protéines des vins, en relation avec la maturité, a été montrée. Au-delà de la maturité des raisins, la teneur en protéines et la moussabilité des vins peuvent être fortement influencées, dans la notion de Terroir, par le couple cépage/parcelle et le climat du millésime.L’étude du fractionnement des jus au pressurage, réalisée sur les cépages Chardonnay, Pinot noir, Pinot meunier et cinq millésimes, montre une évolution générale des caractéristiques des moûts et des vins, au cours du pressurage à l’échelle industrielle et au laboratoire. La composition des moûts et des vins peut être fortement influencée par la variabilité de la parcelle, de la maturité, du millésime, de l’état sanitaire des raisins, mais faiblement affectée par l’échelle et le type de pressoir. Ces sources de variabilités conduisent à des différences de teneur en protéines et de propriétés moussantes pour les vins de base champenoisFoam is a major sensory characteristic of sparkling wines. As part of better controlling the foaming properties of Champagne wines, the goal of this work is to better understand the impact of grape maturity and press fractioning on the composition of grape juices and base wines, especially on the proteins, and their relationships with wines’ foamability.During the maturation of healthy grapes (Chardonnay and Pinot Noir of two vintages), the oenological characteristics of musts evolve in a TAP range from 4% to 11% vol. An increase in protein content was also showed during the ripening of grape berries. In addition, for the grapes harvested at ‘industrial maturity’, essential changes in the biochemical composition of musts were observed with a TAP between 8% and 11% vol.The study of grape maturity that performed on Chardonnay and Pinot Meunier grapes of three vintages, showed that riper and healthy grapes could give their corresponding base wines with higher total protein contents, and better foamability than those wines made from less ripen grapes. Statistical analyses showed significant positive correlations between different oenological characteristics of musts and base wines and, for the first time, a correlation between foamability and protein content of wines, in relation to grape maturity, has been shown. Except for the grape maturity, the protein content and the foamability of Champagne base wines could be strongly influenced, in the concept of ‘Terroir’, by the pair grape variety/vineyard and the climate of the vintage.The study of the press fractioning of grape juices, carried out on Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Pinot Meunier of five vintages, showed a general evolution of the characteristics in musts and wines, during the pressing cycle that realized on industrial and laboratory scale. The composition of musts and their corresponding wines could be strongly influenced by the variability of vineyards, grape maturity, vintage and the health condition of grapes, but hardly affected by the scale and the type of press. Those sources of variability could lead to differences in protein content and foaming properties for Champagne base wines
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Barbier, Marie-Christine. "L' impact du français sur le grec dans les domaines du social, de l'économie et de la politique à travers les journaux "Vima" et "Iconomicos Tachydromos"." Paris, INALCO, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INAL0009.
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L'influence du français sur le grec, étudiée à partir d'un corpus allant de 1987 à1992, es plus importante dans la revue "Vima" que dans "Iconomicos Tachydromos", car son champ d'action est beaucoup plus large : "Iconomicos Tachydromos" n'a recours à l'emprunt qu'en cas de nécessité , alors que "Vima", qui reste ouvert à tous les sujets, accepte plus facilement les innovations et les influences lexicales. C'est le secteur de la politique qui se montre le plus perméable dans les deux revues. Cette influence est notamment liée à l'entrée, en 1981, de la Grèce dans la CEE? Elle se manifeste au moyen d'un vocabulaire spécialisé, mais on trouve aussi des expressions imagées visant à commenter l'actualité. Le secteur de l'économie subit lui aussi l'influence du français, mais le vocabulaire emprunté garde un caractère technique, tout comme le vocabulaire social. On notera par ailleurs que les calques - mots calques et expressions - sont largement plus nombreux que les emprunts - déclinables et indéclinables-, quel que soit le domaine considéré. Une comparaison aavec un corpus de 1981 permet d'affiner notre analyseThe influence of French on modern Greek, studied through a recent corpus (1987-1992), is greater in the weekly newspaper 'Vima' than in 'Iconomicos Tachycromos" since it has a wider range of interests : 'Iconomicos Tachydromos" only horrows words and expressions if necessary while 'Vima' , which remains open to all topics, easily adopts innovations and lexical influences. The political field appears to be the most permeated in the twonewspapers. This influence can probably be attributed to , among others, Greece's entry in the EEC in 1981. It shows itself mainly through a familiar vocabulary, but one can also find picturesque language used to comment on the news. The economic field is also influenced by French, but the borrowed vocabulary remains technical, as well as the social vocabulary. Besides, it must be noticed that, whatever the field, calques-words or expressions - are much more numerous than borrowings declinable or undeclinable - A comparison with a 1981 corpus enables us to refine our analysis. S
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Solé, i. Auró Aïda. "The impact of immigration on health, longevity and dependency of the elderly in the Spanish and European population." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1469.
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a) Scenarios for the impact of immigration on longevity and dependency of the elderly in the Spanish populationThe composition of the Spanish population has recently changed due to immigration. We find a bound for the change in magnitude of healthy life expectancy and life expectancy in disability when the population of foreign residents is taken into account. For this population there is no information about the mortality experience and the disability prevalence. With data from the Survey on Disabilities, Handicaps and Health Status from 1999, we can estimate healthy life expectancy and life expectancy in disability using the Sullivan method. Data come are taken from the Spanish Statistical Institute (INE) and the WHO. We adapt Sullivan's method to the case of two different populations and we establish possible scenarios. The differences between the mortality table that has been estimated for the foreign resident population and the Spanish mortality table are apparent and they are more evident for women. At 65 year of age in the worst scenario, which occurs when all the members of the foreign resident population are disabled, life expectancy in disability would be 2 more years for men and 3 more years for women than when the foreign population is not considered. Our scenarios reveal that the impact on the calculation of in life expectancy and life expectancy in disability is of moderate size.
b) Health Indicators and the use of medical services on the foreign-born population resident in Catalonia.
This paper examines health differences in Catalonia for those individuals who were born in another country compared to the native population, in seven health districts. Data come from the Survey of Health in Catalonia 2006 for people aged 15 or above. Logistic regression is used to examine the effect of foreign origin on health indicators and the use of medical services, controlled by sex, age, level of education, presence of chronic diseases and social status. No significant differences in the presence of chronic diseases, smoking behaviour and overweight are found. We observe that residents who were born in another country have a lower health perception that those born in Spain. They also have less private health insurance coverage; they are more prone to use emergency services and tend to visit the usual primary care physician than their native analogues. No evidence is found of differences between the two populations when considering visits to any primary physician. The comparative behaviour of the foreign born population when compared to the native population is analogous, when using controls. The higher likelihood to visit the usual primary physician by the foreign born population could be explained by a lower private insurance coverage for this group.
c) Health of Immigrants in European countries
The health of older immigrants can have important consequences for needed social support and demands placed on health systems. This paper examines health differences between immigrants and the native-born populations aged 50 years and older in 11 European countries. We examine differences in functional ability, disability, disease presence and behavioural risk factors, for immigrants and non-immigrants using data from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) database. Among the 11 European countries, migrants generally have worse health than the native population. In these countries, there is a little evidence of the "healthy migrant" at ages 50 years and over. In general, it appears that growing numbers of immigrants may portend more health problems in the population in subsequent years.
d) Gender Differences in Health in 11 European Countries: Results from SHARE
We examine gender differences in health in 11 European countries. It is not clear if differences between men and women in multiple dimensions of health are the same across countries. We use the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement (SHARE) with a sample of 27,444 persons (ages 50+) across the 11 countries. We examine how health behaviours, the presence of functioning problems, disease prevalence, self-rated health, and health care utilization, differ for men and women in multiple countries. We also examine how gender differences in self-rated health are mediated by differences in functioning and disease. There are similarities in gender differences in health across these countries. Men are more likely than women to be overweight and to be current smokers; while women are more likely to report having recently seen or talked to a doctor. Functioning problems and IADL difficulties are more prevalent among women across all countries; the presence of ADL difficulties does not differ by gender in many countries. Hypertension and arthritis are also more common among women; while heart disease is more common among men. Other diseases do not consistently differ by gender. While subjective assessment of health is poorer among women, part of this difference is due to women being older and having more functioning problems. While women have worse functioning and more disability than men; we cannot generalize that women's health is worse than men's. Some diseases are more prevalent among men. Gender differences in health depend on the dimensions studied.
KEYWORDS: Immigration, Health economics, Life expectancy, Health care usage, Count data models
L'objectiu de la tesi doctoral era examinar tendències en l'impacte de la salut, la utilització dels serveis sanitaris, la longevitat i les cures de llarga durada de la población adulta d'Europa i d'Espanya, en particular. En general, s'estudien les diferències en diverses dimensions de salut per gènere, i també les diferències en salut i ús de serveis mèdics entre immigrants i no immigrants adults en onze països europeus. Per últim, s'estudien els possibles canvis en l'esperança de vida i la dependència deguts a l'impacte de la immigració dels últims anys a Espanya.
L'envelliment és un fenomen conegut en moltes societats, i dia rere dia es fa més evident, ja que és palpable un increment en la proporció de població adulta en les últimes dècades, especialment a Europa, on el percentatge d'aquest col·lectiu és generalment més gran que a la resta del món, i on els increments de la població adulta en relació amb la població activa són notables. Les principals causes de l'envelliment de la població es poden englobar en tres parts: una esperança de vida més llarga, un decreixement del nombre de naixements i el fenomen de la immigració. Aquesta tesi doctoral es centra en el paper de la immigració i la població adulta que viu a Espanya i en 11 països europeus:
(1) Analitza les diferències de gènere en salut dels individus de 50 i més anys en 11 països d'Europa, explicant com els comportaments de salut, la presència de problemes funcionals, la prevalença de malalties, l'autopercepció de la salut, i la utilització de serveis mèdics difereixen entre homes i dones en múltiples països;
(2) S'examinen les diferències de salut entre immigrants i no immigrants de 50 i més anys d'edat en 11 països europeus. Les diferències en salut examinades són les habilitats funcionals, discapacitats, la presència de malalties i el comportament de factors de risc.
(3) S'analitza la utilització dels serveis mèdics dels immigrants i es compara amb la població nativa de 50 i més anys d'edat i en múltiples països europeus. Particularment, s'explica com difereix el nombre esperat de visites al metge, al metge de capçalera o les visites a l'hospital entre els dos grups; i per últim
(4) S'estudia l'efecte de l'entrada massiva d'estrangers residents a Espanya en els últims anys en el càlcul de l'esperança de vida lliure de discapacitat i l'esperança de vida en discapacitat.
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Filho, Rinaldo Antonio Ribeiro. "Estudo experimental de biomanipulação: análise dos impactos ambientais de duas espécies de predadores no controle de Tilápia, no lago Paranoá (Brasília - DF)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18139/tde-22122015-161725/.
Full textAbstract:
O gerenciamento dos estoques pesqueiros, um dos instrumentos da biomanipulação, deve ter início com a classificação das espécies existentes e sua diversidade, a estrutura da rede alimentar e as relações reguladoras, como a relação predador-presa. O lago Paranoá (Brasília - DF) é um reservatório urbano que sofre pressões antrópicas devido a seus usos múltiplos. Após a construção enchimento, sucessivas introduções de espécies ictíicas exóticas causaram um desequilíbrio que, associado às pressões descritas acima, geraram uma aceleração no processo de eutrofização deste ambiente. Desta forma, os objetivos deste trabalho foram: avaliar os impactos ambientais da introdução das espécies predadoras sobre a cadeia trófica e a qualidade da água do reservatório; determinar a eficiência das diferentes espécies de predadores no controle das presas nas áreas marginais da represa, discutindo possíveis estratégias de manejo pesqueiro baseadas na estocagem de peixes predadores. Para tanto foram construídos 10 limnocurrais com lonas impermeáveis numa baía localizada no ETE-Norte (Estação de tratamento de esgotos - Norte). Em seu interior, após a retirada de todos os peixes, foram estocadas por um período de 28 dias, duas espécies de predadores (Cichla ocellaris e Pseudoplatytoma fasciatum) e uma comunidade simplificada de presas (Tilapia rendalli e Oreochromis niloticus), acima da capacidade do suporte do sistema, definida em 4 classes de tamanho. As biomassas de estocagem foram determinadas a partir da aplicação de retenona em uma área com dimensões conhecidas, e extrapoladas para as áreas dos limnocurrais. As variáveis físicas e químicos da água foram acompanhados semanalmente durante o experimento. Não houve diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos, em relação às variáveis limnológicas. Quanto ao controle das presas, o tucunaré mostrou-se um predador eficiente em relação às classes de tamanhos menores ) (2 - 6,9 cm e 7 - 12,9 cm), fato não observado para o tratamento com surubim. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, não foi comprovada a hipótese de cascata trófica devido à complexidade das interações entre os organismos em ambientes tropicais.The managing of the fish stocks, one of the tools of the biomanipulation, must begin with the classification of the present species and their diversity, of the structure of the food web and of the regulation relations (as the relation predator-prey).The Paranoá Lake (Brasília, DF) is an urban reservoir that suffers human pressures as a result of its multiple uses. After its construction and filling, the successive introduction of many fish exotic species resulted in an unbalance that, associated with the pressures described above, generated an acceleration in the eutrophication process of the ambient. In this way, the objectives of this work were: evaluate the environmental impacts from the introduction of the species predators in food web and quality from the reservoir\'s water; decide the efficiency of the species of predators in the prey\'s control in the marginal areas from dam, discussing possible fishing strategies of management based in the Stocking of fish predators. Them, 10 limnocorrals were built with waterproof canvases in a bay located in ETE-NORTE (sewers handling Station - North). In its interior, after retreat of all fishes, by a period of 28 days, two species of predators were stocked (Cichla ocellaris and Pseudoplatystoma coruscans), and a community simplified of prey (Tilapia rendalli and Oreochromis niloticus), above from the capacity of the system, defined in 4 classes of size. The biomasses of stocking were determined from application of rotenona in an area with known dimensions, and overstepped for the areas of the limnocorrals. The physical-chemists parameters from the water were accompanied weekly during the experiment. It had no significant differences between the handlings, regarding the variables limnological. As regards the control of prey, C. ocellaris showed itself an efficient predator regarding the smallest classes of sizes (2 - 6,9 cm and 7 - 12,9 cm), fact do not observe for the handling with P. coruscans. Agreement with the results obtained, was not verified to hypothesis of trophic cascade due to the complexity of the interactions between the agencies in tropical environments.
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Rubio, Campillo Rafael. "Impacto de las políticas regulatorias y de la competencia en el ámbito de las telecomunicaciones." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/382471.
Full textAbstract:
El sector de las telecomunicaciones ha adquirido, en las últimas décadas, un papel cada vez más significativo dentro de las economías nacionales. El carácter estratégico que presenta este sector ha provocado que los distintos gobiernos desarrollaran una gran variedad de políticas públicas enfocadas a potenciar el desarrollo de esta industria.
Asimismo, el sector de las telecomunicaciones presenta un gran número de fallos de mercado. En este sentido, las elevadas necesidades de inversión, la presencia de importantes economías de escala, o las dificultades de cambiar de proveedor (customer switching cost) hacen que el mercado presente importantes barreras a la entrada de nuevos competidores y, en consecuencia, los niveles de competencia en estos mercados tiendan a ser reducidos. Este hecho provoca que el equilibrio en el sector de las telecomunicaciones no constituya un resultado eficiente en el sentido de Pareto y que, en consecuencia, requiera de la intervención pública para poder corregir estos fallos de mercado y alcanzar, de esta manera, el equilibrio óptimo para el conjunto del bienestar social.
Uno de los principales objetivos del presente trabajo consiste en identificar el papel que ha tenido la regulación sectorial sobre el sector de las telecomunicaciones en las últimas décadas. Como podrá comprobarse, el diseño de un correcto marco regulatorio y de defensa de la competencia ayudará a fomentar las potencialidades que presente un mercado. Asimismo, el presente trabajo también probará que el diseño deficiente de una política pública puede convertirse en un serio obstáculo para el desarrollo óptimo de un mercado.
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Díaz, Wright Carlos Alberto. "Impacto de la apropiación de las TIC en la productividad de la empresa manufacturera de Cartagena (Colombia): Modelación y Creación de Mecanismos de Adaptación." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/126404.
Full textAbstract:
L'objectiu bàsic de la investigació és determinar l'impacte real, pel que fa a eficiència i productivitat, que ha generat la incorporació tecnològica en les empreses manufactureres de Cartagena de Indias al llarg d'aquests últims anys. La tesi parteix d'una extensa recerca bibliogràfica que recull l'evolució i analitza l'estat actual del procés d'incorporació tecnològica des d'un punt de vista global, passant per Llatinoamèrica fins a arribar a Cartagena d'Índies (Colòmbia). Un cop determinat aquest estat i per tal de complir l'objectiu, s'estructura una enquesta que va aconseguir ser aplicada a una mostra representativa de la indústria manufacturera de Cartagena de Idias. Els resultats obtinguts per l'enquesta van incloure dades tant quantitatives com qualitatives. El pas següent va consistir en la conceptualització i la posterior aplicació de mètodes d'anàlisi per a tots dos casos. La triangulació metodològica es va constituir en la pedra angular per abordar el procés d'anàlisi integral. La part qualitativa de l'anàlisi va ser complementada amb la incorporació de tècniques matemàtiques específiques com l'anàlisi de regressió lineal múltiple i el Data Envelopment Analisys. La conjunció d'aquestes tècniques va portar a conclusions similars que van donar suport a allò adequat del mètode plantejat. Addicionalment, va permetre establir les variables que d'una o altra manera més impacten sobre aquest increment d'eficiència / productivitat. Per finalitzar la tesi i prenent com a base els resultats de les anàlisis qualitatives i quantitatives s'estableixen una sèrie de recomanacions i mecanismes d'apropiació contextualitzats per a Cartagena de Indias que en bona mesura permetran que en el futur immediat l'apropiació tecnològica sigui més reeixida en el que es refereix a increment de la productivitat i l'eficiència industrial.El objetivo básico de la investigación es determinar el real impacto, en lo que a eficiencia y a productividad se refiere, que la incorporación tecnológica ha generado en las empresas manufactureras de Cartagena de Indias a lo largo de estos últimos años. La tesis parte de una extensa investigación bibliográfica que recoge la evolución y analiza el estado actual del proceso de incorporación tecnológica desde un punto de vista global, pasando por Latinoamérica hasta llegar a Cartagena de Indias (Colombia). Una vez determinado ese estado y en aras de cumplir el objetivo, se estructura una encuesta que logró ser aplicada en una muestra representativa de la industria manufacturera de Cartagena de Indias. Los resultados obtenidos por la encuesta incluyeron datos tanto cuantitativos como cualitativos. El paso siguiente consistió en la conceptualización y la posterior aplicación de métodos de análisis para ambos casos. La triangulación metodológica se constituyó en la piedra angular para abordar el proceso de análisis integral. La parte cualitativa del análisis fue complementada con la incorporación de técnicas matemáticas específicas como el análisis de regresión lineal múltiple y el Data Envelopment Analisys. La conjunción de estas técnicas llevó a conclusiones similares que respaldaron lo adecuado del método planteado. Adicionalmente permitió establecer las variables que de una u otra forma más impactan sobre ese incremento de eficiencia/productividad. Para finalizar la tesis y tomando como base los resultados de los análisis cualitativos y cuantitativos se establecen una serie de recomendaciones y mecanismos de apropiación contextualizados para Cartagena de Indias que en buena medida permitirán que en el futuro inmediato la apropiación tecnológica sea más exitosa en lo que se refiere a incremento de la productividad y la eficiencia industrial.
The main research objective is to determine the impact that technology incorporation has created in the efficiency and productivity of manufacturing companies in Cartagena de Indias (Colombia) in recent years. The investigation begins with an extensive bibliographic research that reflects the trend and analyzes the current state of the art of technology incorporation from a global point of view, passing through Latin America and finishing in Cartagena de Indias. Having determined that “state of the art" and in thinking to meet the objective, a survey is structured and applied in a representative sample of the manufacturing industry of The City. The results of the survey included both quantitative and qualitative data. The next step consisted in the conceptualization and the subsequent implementation of analytical methods for both cases. Methodological triangulation became the cornerstone for managing the process of comprehensive analysis. The qualitative part of the analysis was complemented by the incorporation of specific mathematical techniques such as Multiple Linear Regression Analysis and Data Envelopment Analysis. The combination of these techniques led to similar conclusions that supported the adequacy of the proposed method. Additionally, it helped to establish the variables that in one or another way produce more impact on this increase in efficiency / productivity. To complete the investigation and on the basis of the results of the qualitative and quantitative analysis the conclusions set out a series of recommendations and mechanisms of technological appropriation contextualized for Cartagena de Indias. These allow for the immediate future that technological appropriation be more successful in terms of increased productivity and industrial efficiency.
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Carreño, Morales Tino. "La gestión de festivales en tiempos de crisis: análisis de las estrategias financieras y laborales e impacto de la recesión económica." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/134819.
Full textAbstract:
La presente investigación tiene como finalidad el análisis de las principales estrategias que caracterizan la gestión de los festivales artísticos (artes escénicas, música y audiovisual) en un contexto de crisis económica y presupuestaria. A partir del contraste con la literatura teórica y comparada, y de la contextualización en el marco político y administrativo español, las hipótesis de la investigación se organizan alrededor de cuatro ejes: la caracterización tipológica de los modelos de gestión de los festivales, las estrategias de financiación, las estrategias de gestión de los recursos humanos y el impacto de la recesión durante el período 2008-2013. La corroboración de las mismas se realiza a partir de los datos obtenidos de tres trabajos de campo focalizados en dos territorios complementarios entre sí (el conjunto de España y Catalunya). El trabajo demuestra el carácter explicativo clave de la dependencia del organismo titular (correlacionado con el grado de financiación pública), el género artístico principal y el volumen total del presupuesto. Para comprender la mayoría de las estrategias adoptadas es necesario tener en cuenta el carácter intensivo, temporal e intermitente de los festivales hecho que explica tanto el potencial financiero como la particular gestión de sus recursos humanos. Finalmente, las bajas barreras de entrada y de salida de la industria de los eventos, revelan tanto la vulnerabilidad como la adaptabilidad y mutabilidad de los festivales en periodos de recesión económica.This research aims to analyse the main strategies that characterize the artistic festivals management (performing arts and audio-visual) in a context of economic and budgetary crisis. In contrast with both theoretical and comparative literature, and the contextualization of the Spanish political and administrative framework, the research hypotheses are organized around four axes: typological characterization of festivals management models, financing strategies, human resources management strategies and the impact of the economic recession among 2008-2013. Three field works focused on two complementary areas (Spain and the region of Catalonia) were made in order to corroborate these hypotheses. The research proves the key role of three points to explain the festivals management models: the dependence to public, private and non-for-profit organizations of the ownership (correlated with the public funding degree), the main artistic style and the global volume of the budget. To understand most of the adopted strategies is pivotal to consider the intensive, temporary and intermittent nature of festivals. Consequently, this effect explains the financial and specific human resources management potentials. Finally, the low entry and exit market barriers to industry events reveal the vulnerability, adaptability, and mutability of festivals in periods of economic recession.
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Albújar, Cruz Álex Roberto. "Medición del impacto en la economía de la inversión en infraestructura público-privada en países en vías de desarrollo. Aplicación a la economía peruana." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/352465.
Full textAbstract:
La infraestructura és imprescindible per al creixement i posterior desenvolupament econòmic de país, i té un paper fonamental en la productivity de l'economia. La infraestructura es pot desenvolupar un través del inversió pública, finançada per l'Estat, i inversió públic-privada, denominada Associació Publico-Privada (APP), finançada pel sector privat. Les APP permeten que el Estat doni el servei públic requerit, utilització de l'coneixement, l'experiència i l'eficiència del sector privat. A la presenta investigació es modela l'efecte de la inversió públic-privada en l'economia.
En el capítol II es analitza la importància de la inversió en infraestructura pública i públic-privada al desenvolupament econòmic del Perú i es estimen les elasticitats dels factors de la funció de producció. Això pará, es van plantar una funció de producció amb valors de Físic capital, públic-privada infrastructure amb externalitats de la infraestructura pública subjecta una congestió. Es va trobar que les elasticitats del PIB respecte a l'estoc de capital al d'estoc d'Infraestructura pública i altres valors d'Infraestructura public-privada fill 0.38, 0.13 i 0.04; respectivament, i presenten una alta significança (p-valor de 0,000).
En el capítol III es formula l'onu model d'economia tancada a el que interactuen tres agents: empreses, famílies i govern. Aquest model permet entendre el paper de la infraestructura pública i públic-privada al creixement econòmic i els efectes que es té davant l'onu xoc negatiu de productivitat. Les variables de clau de són la infraestructura pública i la infraestructura public-privada. Fill els paràmetres calibrats amb les elasticitats trobades en el capítol II paràgraf l'economia peruana. Els resultats indiquen que l'alta participació del sector privat en la inversió en infraestructura es comporta com un amortidor de xocs de productivitat negatiu i juntament amb la inversió en el capital impulsen la recuperació de l'economia.
En el capítol IV es fórmula onu model d'economia parcialment oberta amb mobilitat parcial del capital per analitzar la velocitat de convergència de l'economia al seu estat estacionari (equilibri de llarg termini) i als estats meta: tancar la bretxa d'infraestructura existent, assolir el PBI per càpita dels USA l'any 2014 i a l'economia dels USA en termes de PBI per-càpita. Es va trobar la del que velocity de convergència depèn dels paràmetres estructurals de l'economia i és igual a 0,22; amb this velocity, que reflecteix les condicions actuals, si aconseguirà tancar la bretxa bany infraestructura en 45 anys, amb un rang entre 43 i 47 anys. Així mateix, amb les condicions actuals, assolir el PBI per càpita dels ESA l'any 2014 prendria 55 anys, amb un rang entre 53 i 57 anys. I finalment, assolir l'economia dels USA prendria 60 anys amb un rang entre 58 i 62 anys. Per avaluar la consistència of this ultimo, es utilizació onu alternatiu model.La infraestructura es imprescindible para el crecimiento y posterior desarrollo económico de un país, y tiene un papel fundamental en la productividad de la economía. La infraestructura se puede desarrollar a través de la inversión pública, financiada por el Estado, e inversión público-privada, denominada Asociación Público-Privada (APP), financiada por el sector privado. Las APP permiten que el que Estado brinde el servicio público requerido, usando el conocimiento, la experiencia y la eficiencia del sector privado. En la presenta investigación se modela el efecto de la inversión público-privada en la economía. En el capítulo II se analiza la importancia de la inversión en infraestructura pública y público-privada en el desempeño económico del Perú y se estiman las elasticidades de los factores de la función de producción. Para ello, se plantea una función de producción con stock de capital físico, infraestructura público-privada con externalidades de la infraestructura pública sujeta a congestión. Se encontró que las elasticidades del PBI respecto al stock de capital, al stock de infraestructura pública y al stock de infraestructura público-privada son 0.38, 0.13 y 0.04; respectivamente, y presentan una alta significancia (p-value 0.000). En el capítulo III se formula un modelo de economía cerrada en el que interactúan tres agentes: empresas, familias y gobierno. Este modelo permite entender el papel de la infraestructura pública y público-privada en el crecimiento económico y los efectos que se tiene ante un shock negativo de productividad. Las variables clave son la infraestructura pública y la infraestructura público-privada. Los parámetros son calibrados con las elasticidades encontradas en el capítulo II para la economía peruana. Los resultados indican que la alta participación del sector privado en la inversión en infraestructura se comporta como un amortiguador de choques de productividad negativo y junto con la inversión en capital impulsan la recuperación de la economía. En el capítulo IV se formula un modelo de economía parcialmente abierta con movilidad parcial del capital para analizar la velocidad de convergencia de la economía a su estado estacionario (equilibrio de largo plazo) y a estados meta: cerrar la brecha de infraestructura existente, alcanzar el PBI per cápita de EE.UU. al año 2014 y a la economía de EE.UU. en términos de PBI per cápita. Se encontró que la velocidad de convergencia depende de los parámetros estructurales de la economía y es igual a 0.22; con esta velocidad, que refleja las condiciones actuales, se logrará cerrar la brecha en infraestructura en 45 años, con un rango entre 43 y 47 años. Así mismo, con las condiciones actuales, alcanzar el PBI per-cápita de EE.UU. del año 2014 tomaría 55 años, con un rango entre 53 y 57 años. Y finalmente, alcanzar la economía de EE.UU. tomaría 60 años con un rango entre 58 y 62 años. Para evaluar la consistencia de este último, se utiliza un modelo alternativo.
Infrastructure is essential for growth and further economic development of a country, and has a key role in the productivity of the economy. The infrastructure can be developed through public investment, financed by the Government, and public-private investment, called Public-Private Partnership (PPP), which is financed by the private sector. PPPs allow the Government to provide the required public service, using the knowledge, experience and efficiency of the private sector. In the present research the effect of public-private investment in the economy is modeled. In Chapter II it is analyzed the importance of investment in public and public-private infrastructure in the economic performance of Peru, and the elasticities of the factors of production function are estimated. For this, a production function with stock of physical capital, stock of public-private infrastructure with externalities of public infrastructure subject to congestion is formulated. It was found that the elasticity of GDP to stock of capital, stock of public infrastructure and the stock of public-private infrastructure are 0.38, 0.13 and 0.04; respectively, and have a high significance (p-value 0.000). In chapter III it is formulated a closed economy model, in which three agents interact: firms, houselholds and government. This model allows us to understand the role of public-private and public infraestructura in the economic growth and their effects under a negative productivity shock. The key variables are public and public-private infrastructure. The parameters are calibrated with the elasticities found in chapter II for the Peruvian economy. The results indicate that high private sector participation in infrastructure investment acts as an absorber of negative shock of productivity, and as a driver of economic recovery. In chapter IV it is formulated a partially open economy model with partial capital mobility to analyze the convergence rate of the economy to its steady state (long-run equilibrium) and target states: closing the infraestructure gap existing in Peru, achieving a GDP per capita similar to USA of year 2014 and achieving the US economy in terms of GDP per capita. It was found that the convergence speed depends on the structural parameters of the economy and equals to 0.22; with this speed, that reflects actual conditions, the infrastructure gap will be closed in 45 years, with a range between 43 and 47 years. Also, with the actual conditions, to achieve GDP per capita USA of year 2014 would take 55 years, with a range between 53 and 57 years. And finally, to reach the USA economy it would take 60 years with a range between 58 and 62 years. To evaluate the consistency of the latter, an alternative model is used.
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Soriano, Fuenzalida Pablo. "Morfología, usos e impactos en los espacios públicos turísticos de la ciudad. El caso de los barrios Lastarria y Yungay en Santiago de Chile y del Cerro Concepción en Valparaíso." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/353626.
Full textAbstract:
Cuando se analizan los espacios públicos de la ciudad desde una dimensión física y funcional, enfocada a los usos del espacio público y su relación con características formales, se puede encontrar distintas funciones que se les da a estos recintos y que están contenidos en barrios.
La actividad turística es un nuevo uso que coexiste con otros usos tradicionales que han estado descritos en barrios que poseen atractivos turísticos y valores patrimoniales. El turismo de ciudad está caracterizado por ser consumido y producido en el territorio (Vera et al., 1997), generando impactos y usos en el mismo contexto donde se desarrolla. Para el caso del turismo de ciudad, el espacio público se comporta como un contenedor físico de la actividad turística donde se desarrolla y vive la actividad.
Los elementos formales y espaciales componen un espacio urbano: un barrio, una parte de un territorio formada por ejemplo, por edificaciones, las vistas hacia la montaña, calles, arborizaciones, espacios públicos y atractivos turísticos, por entre otros. El destino turístico tiene preparado varios insumos, servicios, atractivos, gastronomía, que están contenidos en la ciudad -en este caso los barrios y sus espacios públicos-. Todo esto da origen a formas y espacios que son percibidos, valorados y habitados por los distintos actores que producen el denominado “Espacio Público de Uso Turístico” (EPUT), para esta investigación. Al realizar un primer acercamiento sobre la distribución espacial de los atractivos y la planta turística en las ciudades de Santiago y Valparaíso, se encuentran barrios que presentan una mayor concentración de la actividad turística con características patrimoniales que poseen atractivos y planta turística. Algunos presentan una mayor consolidación respecto a sus características formales y funcionales, bordes y límites (Lynch, 1997), características histórico-patrimoniales y niveles de participación de la comunidad.
Contextos distintos y diferentes niveles de desarrollo del turismo, pero características comunes (barrios patrimoniales utilizados por el turismo), que los hacen comparables al análisis. Estas diferencias y similitudes en lo turístico y patrimonial, generan condiciones para una discusión y la aplicabilidad de unidades de estudios de caso. La investigación toma como casos de unidades de estudio a los barrios Lastarria y Yungay en Santiago y el cerro Concepción en Valparaíso, que además de poseer estos valores (atractivos, planta y una definición singular de barrio) también presentaron distintas etapas del “Desarrollo de un Destino” según el modelo de la teoría de destinos que Valls (2003) plantea. A su vez, se caracterizan por distintos procesos o atributos como barrios compactos o de alto o diverso uso, que se manifiestan en los aspectos formales de cada barrio, que se compararan y contrastaran.
Consecuente con el uso de los espacios, la presente investigación aborda también el estudio de los impactos percibidos del turismo en destinos urbanos multifuncionales. En tal sentido asume el objetivo general de identificar los impactos del turismo sobre el patrimonio cultural en los barrios Yungay y Lastarria de Santiago y Cerro Concepción de Valparaíso, mediante la percepción de la población local con el propósito de proponer estrategias participativas orientadas al control de los efectos generados por la puesta en valor turístico del espacio urbano local.
Desde un enfoque sistémico, exploratorio y deductivo analiza cómo el turismo va modificando los espacios públicos de la ciudad en su dimensión física (relación con características formales) y funcional (usos), identificando, aplicando y planteando nuevos modelos espaciales que permiten explicar su funcionamiento.. Aborda también los impactos del turismo mediante la percepción de la población local con el propósito de proponer estrategias participativas orientadas al control de los efectos generados por la puesta en valor turístico del espacio urbano local
Los hallazgos de la tesis están relacionados con resultados que apuntan a la generación de nuevos modelos espaciales a escala barrio, que explican el funcionamiento del turismo mediante tipologías de “especialización espacial” en esta nueva escala de trabajo. La investigación ha permitido también el comprensión en de la estructura, composición y funcionamiento espacial de los barrios patrimoniales que son afectados por el turismo.Tourist activity in the urban public space is a new use that coexists with traditional uses that have been described in neighborhoods that have attractions and heritage values. City tourism is characterized by being consumed and produced in the territory, generating transformations and uses the same context where it develops. The tourist destination has prepared several inputs, services, attractions, dining, they are valued and inhabited by different actors where public space acts as a physical and social container tourism. From a systemic approach and deductive exploratory research examines how tourism is changing public spaces in the city as a physical and dimension (relationship with formal characteristics) Functional (use), identifying, applying and creating new spatial models that explain your operation. Taking as case study units and Yungay The Lastarria neighborhoods in Santiago and Concepcion hill Valparaiso along with owning these securities, (attractive, plant and a singular definition of quarter) also presented different stages of the "Development of a Destination" and further consolidation on the model of the theory of destinations Valls (2003) posed. In turn, different processes or attributes as compact neighborhoods or high or different use that manifest in the formal aspects of each neighborhood are compared and contrasted. The findings of the thesis are related outcomes aimed at generating new neighborhood scale spatial models that explain the operation of tourism by types of "spatial specialization" in this new work scale. It has also permido the comprendimiento on the structure, composition and spatial functioning of heritage neighborhoods that are affected by tourism.
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Liu, Yin-Yin, and 劉盈吟. "A Study of the Impact of Digital Media Towards University Press Business." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17462798449032789488.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
資訊與圖書館學系碩士班
93
University Press is a publisher, same as well known publishing houses such as Random House etc., have to go through the process of acquisition, development, designing, producing, marketing, and selling books and journals. However, the mission of University Press is not-for-profit, in fact, it is to conserve, publish, and convey knowledge.University Press has the ability to diffuse, it not only is a publisher, diffuser, but also is a non-profit organization. Nonetheless, because of the amount of its earned surplus, it was listed as one of the top ten publishers of the United States. The administration of University Press has changed since it has gone from the traditional stage into the digitalized age. The main purpose of this thesis is to analyze the business administration, alliance, and service of University Press, including how it is influenced by digitalization and in what way has it changed.
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LIU, KUO-WANG, and 劉國旺. "Stamping die development of servo press for high tensile vehicle door-impact-beam." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2y5976.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄科技大學
機械與自動化工程系
107
As the automotive industry shifts its focus to green manufacturing technologies such as energy, energy conservation, and environmental protection, automotive manufacturing technology needs to be developed toward intelligence and flexibility. Servo press, eliminating the need for energy-consuming components such as flywheels and clutches on conventional presses, and using AC servo motors as the power source for presses, meeting the needs of intelligent and flexible press processing. The purpose of this study is to construct a composite forming die of side impact beam based on the motion curve mode of the servo press, which can complete the forming and piercing process in one stamping stroke to save die cost and improve production efficiency. In this study, a advanced high-strength steel plate (JAC980Y) with a thickness of 1.2 mm was used as a part, and the finite element analysis method was used for the formability and springback analysis. At the same time, the isotropic hardening criterion material model based on the Hill48 yield criterion and Yoshida-Uemori kinematic hardening material model for springback research. Finally, the simulation results are evaluated, and the model or forming parameters are modified according to the simulation results until the calculation results meet the requirements. Finally, the results of the analysis are used as the basis for making dies. And then, to design and manufacture a forming die of side impact beam. Finally to use servo stamping curve to produce a side impact beam of advanced high-strength steel in line with product quality requirements.
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Diehl, Trevor Hollis. "Toward a tabloid press : the impact of news aggregation on content in 12 US news websites." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/26096.
Full textAbstract:
News aggregation is a developing form of professional journalism practice, one uniquely adapted to contemporary communication realities. News companies have always gathered content from a variety of sources when producing their products. However, the sheer volume of information, number of participants and speed of consumption online requires news workers to adopt new routines of collecting and disseminating information. These routines, some argue, fundamentally differ from the beat structure of traditional journalism. As recent ethnographic work has found, online news workers might value a sense of audience and newsworthiness over and above norms like objectivity and getting a good story (Anderson, 2013; Agarwal & Barthel, 2013). As economic pressures continue to strain resources and shrink the number of reporters on staff, news aggregation, both as a practice and a digital filtering tool, is becoming a staple of modern newsrooms. Few researchers have explored the impact of these divergent routines on content. Through a secondary data analysis of the Pew Research Center’s 2012 News Coverage Index, this thesis examines the topics and news-drivers in 12 US news websites. The analysis finds that in-house, so-called “original reporting” tends to rely on institutional actors and hard news topics. When stories are aggregated from a third-party source, soft news topics and celebrity stories are preferred. Finally, different professional practices seem to be favored depending on the type of online news organization. The findings suggest scholars, and those interested in journalism education, think of organizational pressures and professional norms as fluid online, particularly when connecting theories of news work to output in terms of content.text
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Harlow, Summer Dawn. "A political boss, partisanship and the press : the impact on democracy of two newspapers in Salvador, Brazil." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/30009.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis analyzes levels of newspaper independence in Salvador, Bahia, considering how ownership shapes what news is printed and whether newspapers are drawn into clientelistic relationships with their owners. Through a content analysis of Salvador's two leading newspapers, A Tarde and Correio da Bahia, this study also examines whether the newspapers are including multiple perspectives in the news in an effort to engender civil society and strengthen democracy. This study will show that while the partisan Correio da Bahia has made its agenda reflect that of its owner, A Tarde has struggled to maintain its independence, attempting to include alternative voices and provide citizens with the information they need to participate in, and help further consolidation of, democracy. Such a systematic case study of the impact of owner influence on Brazilian media is rare in journalism literature.text
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Chang, Ya-chu, and 張雅筑. "The impact of printed press and media on the rise of Chinese opera actresses to stardom （1912-1937）." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66217065121477429307.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中央大學
中國文學系
104
Female opera actresses in modern Chinese operas were an important facet in urban cultural entertainment, as they introduced significant changes to opera traditions and raised public awareness of their profession. These opera actresses have become the focus of the current media’s attention, which has reported on many different aspects of the role. Thus, they created a dynamic image for the actresses in modern Chinese opera. This research article focused on Chinese opera actresses active in Beijing, Tianjin, and Shanghai between 1912 and 1937. This era has supported many well-established publishers and media outlets, as it was a breakthrough of information dissemination from the traditional word of mouth method to printed press releases. The combination of media reporting and the performances of the opera actresses themselves became a promotional movement to create opera stars in this area of mass entertainment. During the study period, there were many press articles focused on the acting skills of the women as well as the content of the opera. Although these reports may have generated a stereotypical (i.e., negative) image for the audiences, the opera actresses, advocates, and critics all attempted to build a new positive image for this profession. These efforts represented the endeavor to increase the social standing and societal value of opera actresses. Opera actresses have played a vital role in the development of modern Chinese opera, and contributed to significant advancements made in performance art. They have laid the foundation for the development of the modern opera.