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Corwin, Patricia M. "Handheld technology impact on student learning /." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2006. http://165.236.235.140/lib/PCorwin2006.pdf.
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Kruger, Maxwell Chandler Curt. "The impact of technology on photojournalism." [University Park, Pa.] : Pennsylvania State University, 2009. http://honors.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/EHT-27/index.html.
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Bhansali, Sumit Milap. "Essays on impact of information technology." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40861.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2007.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references.
The five essays in this dissertation look at how specific information technologies (such as Electronic Document Management (EDM), Semantic Web and RuleML) and IT in general can be used to automate and standardize data and processes, enable faster and more accurate information flow, and improve individual as well as firm performance. The first essay is an analytical review-type study in which we provide a comprehensive survey of research literature about different complementary organizational assets that when coupled with IT can lead to higher firm performance. In the second essay, we study the causal effects of digitizing work on information workers' time- use and performance at a large insurance firm. We make causal inferences and obtain unbiased estimates by exploiting a quasi-experiment: the phased introduction of Electronic Document Management (EDM) across multiple offices at different dates. In addition to large changes in time-use and performance, we find that digitization leads to a decline in the substitutable routine labor input and an increase in complementary non-routine cognitive labor input at the information worker level. We also uncover a new micro-level mechanism, "IT-enabled slack", that explains how exactly IT can lead to payoff in terms of information worker productivity. In the third essay, we examine the IT productivity relationship using a large primary source firm-level dataset about IT investments that spans the 2003-2005 period. Given results from previous studies, we present evidence of an inverted U-shaped returns curve, with returns now close to what they were in pre-Internet era. The fourth essay explores what high-performing firms specifically do to gain the greatest benefits from their IT investments.
(cont.) Through a set of matched interviews with multiple respondents at 138 firms, we find that data/process standardization and systems integration, level of application integration and several IT-specific cultural elements are positively correlated with IT impact on customer satisfaction. The fifth essay shows the first detailed realistic e-business application scenario that exploits capabilities of the SweetRules V2.1 toolset for e-contracting using the SweetDeal approach. SweetRules is a powerful integrated set of tools for semantic web rules and ontologies. SweetDeal is a rule-based approach to representation of business contracts.
by Sumit Milap Bhansali.
Ph.D.
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Alemzadeh, Seyed Mohammad. "Analysing the impact of technology characteristics on university technology transfer mechanisms." Thesis, Kingston University, 2016. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/40867/.
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This thesis addresses the commercialization decisions of academic scientists. Although there is a great deal of research on environmental, university and individual determinants of the formal technology transfer mechanisms, this thesis addresses a gap in the literature by studying how technology characteristics affect the selection of university technology transfer mechanisms. For this purpose the insights from main theoretical sources were combined: a) the economics of technological change and b) the diffusion of innovations theory and a conceptual framework that considers eight characteristics of technology was developed. The technology characteristics derived from the two theoretical sources are: pervasiveness, tacitness, complexity, system dependence, relative advantage, compatibility, trialability and observability. These characteristics were then related to the choice of four technology transfer mechanisms by academic scientists. The study covers UK university scientists who have been involved in commercialization between 2005 and 2015. In the first stage, qualitative data were collected through 14 semi-structured interviews. The qualitative data analysis confirmed the predictive power of most factors in the conceptual framework and six new variables were also as potential predictors: patentability, inimitability, effectiveness of patents for the technology, capital intensity, independence, and technology dynamism. In the second phase, a questionnaire was developed and the quantitative data from 331 academic inventors were used to verify the result of the qualitative study. The quantitative data analysis suggests that the technologies that lead to the formation of a new company (either through formal or informal spin-offs) are complex and academics perceive higher profitability resulting from the commercialization of the technology. More novel or more system dependent technologies lead to the formation of formal university spin-offs and the technologies that are less novel or less system dependent are more likely to be transferred to a new company via informal spin-offs or to an existing company via licensing or consulting activity. In addition, when technologies are more capital intensive or patents are more effective for protection of them from imitation, they are more likely to be transferred formally via licensing or formal university spin-offs. The data analysis also confirms that higher dynamism associated with a technology leads to the creation of informal spin-offs and less patentability of a technology significantly predicts the engagement of academics in consulting activity. The thesis concludes with implication for theory and practices.
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Damerji, Hassan. "Technology Readiness Impact on Artificial Intelligence Technology Adoption by Accounting Students." Thesis, University of La Verne, 2020. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=27547476.
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the way forward in accounting and auditing. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between accounting students’ level of technology readiness (TR) and AI technology adoption (TA). This quantitative study examined the independent variables of TR, perceived ease of use (PEOU), and perceived usefulness (PU) and the dependent variable of TA. Moreover, the present study examined the mediating effect of PEOU and PU on the relationship between TR and TA. The present study was related to individual accounting students’ perceptions of TR and TA. Student participants (n = 101) recruited for this study were randomly sampled from 2 universities in Southern California, the United States. An online questionnaire consisting of 30 items regarding perceptions of TR, PEOU, PU, and TA was administered. The bivariate correlation and regression between variables showed that TR, PEOU, and PU positively influence TA; TR positively influences PEOU and PU; and PEOU positively influences PU. Mediation analysis showed that both PEOU and PU mediate the relationship between TR and TA. Because of the significant relationships among variables, the model met the criteria for technology readiness and acceptance model (TRAM) and Model 6 of process mediation. This study adds to the empirical research regarding the relationships between the constructs of TR and TA of AI within higher education, in which there is a gap in the literature. The study contributed by applying the TRAM construct to the use and adoption of AI. TR, PEOU, and PU are important constructs within higher education and predict AI TA by accounting students. Additionally, TR is a precursor to PEOU and PU of AI for this population. For practice, universities should enhance use perceptions by creating opportunities for accounting students to interact with AI. Effective adoption of AI in accounting curricula aimed at enhancing students’ perceptions is essential to increase their adoption of AI and overall career readiness. For research, replicating the study at other universities, examining other factors that influence students’ adoption of AI, and exploring other AI topics in higher education could expand the literature on technology readiness and TA of AI.
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Leong, Cheok In. "How information technology impact on Macau banking." Thesis, University of Macau, 1998. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636241.
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O'Kane, Paula. "The impact of technology on organisational communication." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407363.
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Edwards, Morgan Rae. "Climate impact metrics for energy technology evaluation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/81113.
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Thesis (S.M. in Technology and Policy)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-97).
The climate change mitigation potential of energy technologies depends on how their lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions compare to global climate stabilization goals. Current methods for comparing technologies, which assess impacts over an arbitrary, fixed time horizon, do not acknowledge the critical link between technology choices and climate dynamics. In this thesis, I ask how we can use information about the temporal characteristics of greenhouse gases to design new metrics for comparing energy technologies. I propose two new metrics: the Cumulative Climate Impact (CCI) and Instantaneous Climate Impact (ICI). These metrics use limited information about the climate system, such as the year when stabilization occurs, to calculate tradeoffs between greenhouse gases, and hence the technologies that emit these gases. The CCI and ICI represent a middle ground between current metrics and commonly-proposed alternatives, in terms of their level of complexity and information requirements. I apply the CCI and ICI to evaluate the climate change mitigation potential of energy technologies in the transportation sector, with a focus on alternative fuels. I highlight key policy debates about the role of (a) natural gas as a "bridge" to a low carbon energy future and (b) third generation biofuels as a long-term energy solution. New metrics shed light on critical timing-related questions that current metrics gloss over. If natural gas is a bridge fuel, how long is this bridge? If algae biofuels are not commercially viable for the next twenty years, can they still provide a significant climate benefit? I simulate technology decisions using new metrics, and existing metrics like the Global Warming Potential (GWP), identifying the conditions where new metrics improve on existing methods as well as the conditions under which new metrics fail. I show that metrics of intermediate complexity, such as the CCI and ICI, provide a simple, reliable, and policy-relevant approach to technology evaluation and capture key features of the future climate system. I extend these insights to energy technologies in the electricity sector as well as a variety of environmental impact categories.
by Morgan R. Edwards.
S.M.in Technology and Policy
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Stoffle, Richard W., Michael W. Traugott, Florence V. Jensen, and Robert Copeland. "Social Assessment of High Technology." Institute for Social Research, The University of Michigan, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/298924.
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This is a scoping report that presents conclusions and recommendations regarding the potential relationship between the people of Monroe and Lenawee Counties, Michigan and proposal to consider locating the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) in these counties. The study area is located within the two counties but includes only the extreme eastern portion of Lenawee County. This report discusses the social and cultural impacts that could derive from siting the SSC in these counties, the possible local resident responses to these potential SSC impacts, and potential statewide responses to the project. This scoping research was founded through a contract between the Michigan Energy and Resource Research Associations (MERRA) and the Institute for Social Research, The University of Michigan. Scoping g research was conducted between April 15, 1986 and August 31, 1986.
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Canada, Joseph. "The Impact of Technology on Management Control: Degradation, Empowerment, or Technology Dominance?" Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5913.
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The evolution of technology brings with it the evolution of business processes. Without a doubt, technology changes how work is performed. At first glance, workplace technology appears to be a great boon to society. However, research presents opposing views on how workplace technologies impact the individual. One perspective argues that organizations utilize technology to redesign work processes, such that the worker requires less skill, autonomy, and compensation. The opposing perspective argues that organizations utilize technology to empower employees to improve efficiency and profits.
This dissertation consists of three interrelated studies examining workplace technology's impact on decision makers. The first study examines the capability of an enterprise system to increase the application of scientific management techniques to middle management and, consequently, to degrade middle management's work by limiting their autonomy. The second study investigates the capability of an enterprise system to facilitate the empowerment of managers via mutual monitoring and social identification. The third study builds upon the first study by examining how limiting autonomy through technology impacts the intrinsic motivation of decision makers and, as a result, affects the decision making process.
Study one applies labor process theory to explain how enterprise systems can degrade the work of middle management via scientific management techniques. The purpose of this study is to test if the expectations of labor process theory can be applied to enterprise systems. In order to test this assertion, a field survey utilizing 189 middle managers is employed and the data is analyzed using component based structural equation modeling. The results indicate that enterprise system integration increases two scientific management techniques, formalization and performance measurement, but do not reveal a significant relationship between enterprise system integration and routinization. Interestingly, the results also indicate that routinization is the only scientific management technique, of the three studied, that directly limits the autonomy of the middle managers. Although performance measurement does not reduce autonomy directly, performance measurement interacts with routinization to reduce autonomy. This study contributes to the enterprise system literature by demonstrating enterprise systems' ability to increase the degree of scientific management applied to middle management. It also contributes to labor process theory by revealing that routinization may be the scientific management technique that determines whether other control techniques are utilized in a manner consistent with labor process theory.
The ability of an enterprise system to facilitate the application of Mary Parker Follett's managerial control concepts are investigated in the second study. Specifically, Follett theorizes that information sharing facilitates the internalization of group goals and empowers individuals to have more influence and be more effective. This study employs a survey of 206 managers to test the theoretical relationships. The results indicate that enterprise system integration increases information sharing in the form of mutual monitoring, consequently, leading to social identification among peer managers. Additionally, social identification among peer managers empowers managers to have more influence over the organization. The study contributes to empowerment research by acknowledging and verifying the role that social identification plays in translating an empowering work climate into empowered managers. The study's conclusion that enterprise system integration facilitates the application of Follett's managerial control concepts extends both enterprise system and managerial control literature.
The third study builds upon study one by examining the affect that autonomy has upon the decision maker. This study marries self-determination theory and technology dominance theory to understand the role that self-determination, intrinsic motivation, and engagement have upon technology dominance. Self-determination theory asserts that higher degrees of self-determination increase intrinsic motivation. Furthermore, self-determination research finds that intrinsic motivation increases engagement, while technology dominance research indicates that lack of engagement is an antecedent of technology dominance. Thus, applying self-determination theory as a predictor of technology dominance suggests that autonomy and relatedness associated with a task increase the intrinsic motivation to complete that task and consequently increase engagement in the task. Task engagement, in turn, reduces the likelihood of technology dominance. The proposed theoretical model is tested experimentally with 83 junior level business students. The results do not support the theoretical model, however the findings reveal that intrinsic motivation does reduce the likelihood of technology dominance. This indicates that intrinsic motivation as a predictor of technology dominance should be further investigated. Additionally, the study contributes to technology dominance literature by exhibiting a more appropriate operationalization of the inappropriate reliance aspect of technology dominance.
This dissertation reveals that various theories concerning workplace technology and management control techniques have both validity and limitations. Labor process theorists cannot assume that all technologies and management control techniques are utilized to undermine the employee's value to the organization, as Study 2 reveals that enterprise systems and mutual monitoring lead to empowered managers. Likewise, proponents of enterprise systems cannot assume that the integrated nature of enterprise systems is always utilized in an empowering manner, as Study 1 reveals the increased performance measurement through enterprise systems can be utilized to limit managers in a routinized job environment. While the third study was unable to determine that the control features in technology affect the intrinsic motivation to complete a task, the findings do reveal that intrinsic motivation is directly related to technology dominance. The findings and theoretical refinements demonstrate that workplace technology and management control have a complicated relationship with the employee and that the various theories concerning them cannot be applied universally.Ph.D.
Doctorate
Dean's Office, Business Administration
Business Administration
Business Administration; Accounting
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Xu, Huaidong. "A "Bayesian" theory of cross-impact analysis for technology forecasting and impact assesstment." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31001.
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Funda, Vusumzi Neville. "Impact of information technology on knowledge management at a selected university of technology." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/3006.
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Thesis (MTech (Business Information Systems))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2019Information and communication technology (ICT) is an enormous financial investment and its typical intended result is a subsequent positive effect on knowledge management and individual work performance which thus benefit the organisation through strategic competitive advantage. ICT plays a significant role in implementing and supporting knowledge management (KM). However, there are barriers hampering KM due to ineffective use of ICT such as poor knowledge coordination and transfer and unreliability of systems. The main aim of this research was to determine how ICT impacts on KM within higher education institutions (HEIs) in South Africa. Based on the primary research objective, the secondary research objectives were to explore the benefits of ICT in HEIs, find out what the barriers to implementing ICT in HEIs are and explore the key functions of knowledge management at HEIs. The outcome of this study was the proposing of general guidelines for ICT use in order to positively propel knowledge management for competitive advantage of HEIs. The methodology utilised in this study is a case study with a mixed qualitative and quantitative method. Data was collected through questionnaires, site observations and interviews from staff members (n=111) at a selected University in the Western Cape, South Africa. The questionnaire was used for quantitative data, and analysed and interpreted using SPSS software, whereas site observations and interviews were used for qualitative data and analysed through content analysis. The findings indicate that ICT users have varied levels of competencies when it comes to ICT use. It highlights the challenge for the university management to improve the ICT skills of staff members so that they may expand their ability to comfortably manoeuvre through the ICT system and maximise its benefits, and ultimately, to be more productive for the university. The findings further reveal that there is a need to establish general guidelines for ICT use in order to positively propel KM for competitive advantage of HEIs. Based on the research findings, this study recommends that the university take a comparative approach and examine the gaps in ICT use within the institution. Moreover, it will also be interesting to find out the experiences and views of stakeholders in ICT use at other HEIs such as students, management and teaching staff. This will generate valuable information that can shed more light on the opportunities and challenges of ICT use in KM in HEIs.
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Jones, Robert T. "Measuring the impact of technology on leadership education." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/307.
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The purposes of this study were to determine the effectiveness of a computer-assisted lab environment in a course on leadership and to determine if undergraduate students believe that leadership concepts can be successfully taught in an asynchronous environment, in this case, using the technology of the world wide web. Students' attitudes toward computer-based leadership education were measured by a leadership perception index, a technology perception index, a class-inclusion acceptance index, and a discussion technology acceptance index administered through a post-activity survey that measured their responses in both a quantitative and qualitative format.
Students participated in a leadership lab activity in one of three treatments: 1) no computer-facilitated interaction and traditional classroom interaction, 2) completely asynchronous, computer-facilitated interaction, or 3) hybrid interaction consisting of half computer-facilitated, and half traditional classroom interaction. A post-activity survey was used to collect data about the students' perceptions of their experiences.
Post-activity survey scores indicated that a majority of students accept learning about leadership through asynchronous technological means such as the world wide web. Students who were not exposed to any technological experience in this activity quantitatively answered that the interpolation of technology into leadership education would not be successful. The hybrid group quantitatively felt the use of technology was most acceptable of the three treatment groups, with slightly fewer "positive" results from the completely asynchronous, solely computer-facilitated group.
Students had a positive attitude toward computers, and qualitatively identified the need to use computers more prevalently in undergraduate teaching. Students' qualitative results also indicated that students felt that computers were important to their future and most seemed to enjoy to opportunity to complete a lab using them.
Since the computer facilitated assignment was completed using the Internet as a connection medium, additional data were collected from students. Interestingly, of students involved in the asynchronous section, only 18% completed their assignments during morning hours (from 6:00 a.m. to noon), while 39% completed their assignments between 8:30 p.m. and 1:00 a.m.
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Bazyan, Saloume. "Environmental impact of war technology and prohibition processes." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik och hållbar utveckling, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-16757.
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Nowadays humans struggle to supply and attain longer and more appropriate life time. Introducing new technologies, which, speeded up by modernization and industrialization, is the main subject in many branches of science to improve the human’s life; but this rate of innovation is not always pleasurable. As seen in many cases, side effects of using new technology come up as warning signs, and lead to huge environmental and humanitarian disaster with irreversible impact. Moreover, most of these technologies might be applied in different kinds of warfare where nations use high-Tech as tools to reach other’s resources and raise their economic benefits. As in most wars that happened in the world, updated technologies have been applied to overcome the combatant, which finally shows up as damages on the environment, economy, civilians and soldiers. In this study we reviewed the reasons of shaping warfare and its consequences in different aspects of environment, civilians, soldiers and economy. The questions I followed to answer were: What are those main factors that induced by technology to form different kinds of warfare? And, can technology be altered as a tool to make a war more environmentally friendly? To answer these two main questions, we need to know reasons for shaping warfare a) Economy, b) Ideological/religious, and c) Power/pride/love which raise many theories such as Economic, Behavioural, Evolutionary, Demographic, Rational, and Political science theory. In 1990 members of the committee of environmental issue discussed development of technology in the future which should follow by consideration of global environmental issue. Therefore, new technology should bring solution to environmental problems. Nowadays technology creates some kind of competition, not only in combat, but also in cold war. According to reviews of many studies, the harshness of war increases and the aftermath becomes more severe on the environment and societies, consequently irreversible rehabilitation in short and long term. Applied technologies in some warfare have been considered by their impact on natural and human environment. As a case study I considered the recent war in Libya and its consequences, not only in the country, but also its impact on other nations and neighbours as well. Strict international laws is needed to explicit and declare the rights of each individual and nation to prevent and ban any activities in the term of war crime. Also groups of authentic authorities should set up to conduct an investigation into each activity in countries and survey on introduced technologies to ensure them about their result and consequences. Finally some reviews were released about how international committees and conventions, declarations and agreement has been set to prevent and prohibit crime in wars, and some international laws has been brought to guide nations about their rights and responsibility against each other.
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Vorst, Rita van der. "Clean technology and its impact on engineering education." Thesis, Brunel University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387488.
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Nime, Nicole Marie. "The impact of digital technology on documentary distribution." Thesis, University of London, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.589008.
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The Internet and digital technologies have created an opportunity for documentaries to find new audiences; however, documentary's capacity to overcome the challenges that the online market presents and achieve sustainability is not yet understood. This study brings together research in the areas of new media and documentary in order to comprehend and assess the significance of the growing overlap between the two. Focusing on documentary distribution post-2000, in the United States and the United Kingdom, the thesis examines how the online market has influenced both the culture of documentary and the economic structure of the methods used to distribute documentary films. This involves an exploration of the rise of digital media in relation to its impact upon the film industry and a historical review of the changes that have occurred within the documentary marketplace. The core analysis takes the form of a case study approach that sets out to identify trends in documentary distribution and generate insights into the new models that both documentary platforms and filmmakers have employed. What this research suggests is that documentary distribution via the Web requires a new framework for thinking about how films reach audiences and generate revenues. In particular, it indicates how audience engagement from the onset of production can help documentaries overcome challenges in the online market. In line with participatory media trends, the research confirms that distribution has become more than just a mechanism for content dissemination and that, in the digital age, distribution has developed as a social phenomenon, which expands through ongoing public . involvement and innovation. However, the research also indicates that alternative distribution strategies that rely upon leveraging communities must be uniquely adapted to each project and its particular core audiences. This means that there is no singular, overarching theory or replicable model that characterises the online distribution process for documentary films. Thus, the thesis adds to our knowledge of the diverse ways in which documentary has inhabited the social space offered by new media while ancho~ing existing theories of 'social media' within specific contexts. 3
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Kelley, Megan C. "The Impact of Fitness Technology on Health Outcomes." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/917.
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Using 2014 data compiled from a sample of Claremont McKenna undergraduate students, I examine the effect that fitness technology (i.e., mobile and wearable technology) has on users' health outcomes. Specifically, I find no effect of mobile or wearable use on self-reported health. However, I do find some evidence of mobile use on weight but not wearable. Applying a basic OLS regression analysis, I show that mobile users tend to be heavier than non-mobile users irrespective of gender. Furthermore, I find that contemporaneous health on prior mobile use show higher weight levels compared to non- mobile prior users. Such findings provide evidence suggesting that mobile is ineffective in providing users with healthier outcomes.
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Cailean, Diana Andreea, and Kobra Sharifi. "The impact of social networking technology on students." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Informatik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-24738.
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Social networking includes social networking sites (SNSs) as well as apps. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the impact of social networking tech-nology on students. The research questions focused how university students experience their interaction with social networking regarding advantages and disadvantages, and for what purposes they are using it personal, professional or study). A quantitative surveys study was used and data was collected through online questionnaires delivered via SNSs, e-mails and through delivery and col-lection method. 122 valid responses were collected and 17 invalid responses were discarded. The questionnaire framework was built by means of the con-cept of ease of use from Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the five values of Uses and Gratification Theory; “purposive value”, “self-discovery”, “maintaining interpersonal interconnectivity”, “social enhancement value” and “entertainment value”. The findings showed that 64% considered themselves to be positively influenced by SNSs and 27% to be neither positively or nega-tively influenced. Only 11 % considered that SNSs influenced them negatively. According to our findings, some of the most frequent advantages are keeping in touch with family and friends, cost and time efficient, easy to use and entertaining. And for the disadvantages, the responses were mostly time consuming, health issues, privacy issues, addiction to technology and cyber bulling. The majority of respondents reported using SNS firstly for personal use, secondly for study use and the professional use was the least selected. 88% of the respondents thought that it is easy to use SNSs. The purposive value of SNS use was to get information, the self-discovery value to learning about oneself and others, for the maintaining interpersonal connectivity, to stay in touch, and for the entertainment value, it was to pass time away when bored. The results indicated that the social enhancement value was not very important for the respondents.
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Light, Mark. "Impact of computer technology at McNeel Middle School." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2004. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2004/2004lightm.pdf.
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Whidden, Frank J. "The impact of technology access on educational achievement." Restricted access (UM), 2008. http://libraries.maine.edu/gateway/oroauth.asp?file=orono/etheses/37803141.pdf.
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Killian, Timothy S. "Aging, Technology, Innovation, and its Impact on Families." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2018/schedule/32.
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Dr. Tim Killian’s research interests are generally focused on social connectedness of older adults and how social and community contexts are related to health and well-being. Tim’s doctoral studies examined perceptions of normative obligations for adult children to provide resources and caregiving to their aging parents and step-parents. Dr. Killian was able to transfer that focus on research into secondary analyses of nationally representative data to develop typologies of both upstream and downstream transfers of monetary and caregiving resources between older adults and their adult children. As his career has continued at the University of Arkansas, his focus has shifted to the community context of aging and, in particular, how aging and social connections vary across the spectrum of rurality. Dr. Killian has published a paper with a recent Masters graduate on the relationship between ill-being and its association to engagement in leisure activities within long-term care using data that were mostly collected in rural long-term care facilities. In collaboration with colleagues including nursing faculty at the University of Arkansas, Dr. Killian has also used secondary analyses of data from the nationally representative Health and Retirement Study to examine emergency preparedness of older adults to increase their resilience and recovery outcomes during and subsequent to disasters. His research in progress continues to focus on emergency preparedness and post-disaster recovery among older adults, as well as on the formation of romantic relationships of older adults.
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Dragoş, Alin S. "Impact of Blockchain technology on US financial inclusion." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111462.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 58-59).
This paper describes how blockchain technology alters the dynamic within financial services and focuses on the impact on US financial inclusion. First, I provide an overview of the financial services industry and the issues associated with financial inclusion. Second, I provide a framework for reviewing blockchains. Lastly, I take an in-depth look at the economics of offering checking accounts, and identify approaches for how blockchains will redefine the value chain in financial services. Blockchain technology brings new avenues for companies within the payments value chain to work more closely together to reduce costs for all parties involved. Banks are leading the way in exploring how blockchains will make them more efficient. By partnering with merchants, banks stand to make the most out of the lower costs to network securely promised by blockchains. In this process, banks set themselves up to offer no-fee checking accounts to all consumers, without taking a loss on each account, as they do today. Banks' ability to profitably offer no-fee checking to unbanked and underbanked customers is the key to increasing financial inclusion in the US, and ultimately across the globe.
by Alin S. Dragos.
S.M.
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Rood, Sally Ann. "Government Laboratory Technology Transfer: Process and Impact Assessment." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30585.
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This study involved a qualitative comparative analysis of government laboratory technology transfer, examining both the process and impact of successful cases before and after passage of technology transfer legislation. The legislation, passed in the mid- and late-1980s, was intended to encourage cooperative research for commercialization purposes.
The study examined a variety of factors related to government laboratory technology transfer, including the researchers' roles, mechanisms used, partners, and economic impact.
Certain aspects of the researchers' roles became more positive toward technology transfer. They contributed to technology marketing by producing more laboratory prototypes and samples in the post-legislation period. On the other hand, they retreated from broad-based technology marketing in the sense that their roles as technology champions became centered around their relationships with their CRADA partners. There was an undercurrent of caution by the laboratory researchers towards technology transfer in both the pre-legislation and post-legislation periods, and neither time period contained many examples of market analysis or technology evaluation work by the laboratories. Also, there was tension between the research role and technology transfer role, possibly indicating a lack of trust in that relationship.
The laboratories primarily used CRADAs and licenses to transfer technologies, and used other mechanisms to a lesser degree. There was even less variety in mechanisms in the post-legislation period. The researchers' comments about license royalty-sharing became stronger in the post-legislation period, indicating that incentive is working. Yet, the data suggested new administrative needs such as for royalty tracking statements and dispute mechanisms.
The post-legislation period involved more small-firm partners and more user-initiated contacts, indicating more market pull. The post-legislation period also exhibited more "institutionalized" university relationships. State and local governments were not prominent among the users in either time period.
The technology transfer legislation had positive effects in terms of economic impact and outcomes. The following indicators increased in the post-legislation period: new products (generated as a result of technology transfer), sales revenues, new companies, new jobs, and technology transfer contributions to dual use. Technology transfer and commercialization failures decreased and the time to market decreased.
The assessment revealed additional findings related to increased international activity, private sector problems, and other factors contributing to technology transfer.
An extensive literature review provided background for the issues and problems in evaluating technology transfer. This review included an inventory of technology transfer measurement activities to-date, including models from non-government technology transfer communities. The study experience, itself, further uncovered some insights to technology transfer metrics at a time when the experience base in this area is still prematurePh. D.
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Bless, Martha Marie. "Impact of Audio Feedback Technology on Writing Instruction." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3282.
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High school writing teacher self-efficacy has suffered because the workload and emotional energy of grading papers is arduous, and despite their efforts to provide formative written feedback, many teachers believe students ignore or misunderstand it. Although audio feedback holds promise for improving the clarity of instructor feedback and the self-efficacy of writing instructors in higher education, its usefulness for improving high school teacher self-efficacy has remained unexplored. This multiple case study investigated how high school teachers believed Kaizena, a digital audio feedback technology, influenced their writing instruction and self-efficacy. Participants, who were drawn from the global Kaizena user base, included a user group of 3 United States teachers and a user group of 3 international teachers to determine how both groups used Kaizena and whether differences in use occurred in either environment. Data sources included individual teacher interviews, participant journals, and artifacts such as teacher-created writing assignments and rubrics. Data analysis included both single case and cross case analyses. Single case analysis included coding and categorizing of interview and participant journal data and content analysis of artifacts. Cross case analysis included identifying emerging themes and discrepant data. Results indicated that all 6 teachers both believed they gave more high quality, personalized feedback to students in less time with the audio feature of Kaizena than with written feedback and did, in fact, provide documents confirming this higher quality. As a result, using Kaizena positively influenced their self-efficacy. This study contributes to positive social change by providing insights into a feedback tool that could improve high school writing instruction.
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Zelenická, Petra. "Impact of Technology on U.S. natural gas industry." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192458.
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The aim of the thesis is to describe structural changes in the U.S. natural gas industry after implementation of hydraulic fracturing method which exploit natural gas from shale. In order to provide a complex description; environmental, market impacts and political interests are taken into consideration. Consequently, cluster analysis looks for a change in relations among various factors arising on the market. Tested periods are carefully chosen according to market events and results of statistical tests. One may conclude, it is a complexity of market, technology improvement and government behaviour which influence natural gas industry in USA.
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Chebbi, Tarek. "Technology professional development for principals : impact on the integration of technology in elementary schools." FIU Digital Commons, 2005. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2122.
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The use of technology in schools is no longer the topic of educational debates, but how to ensure that technology is used effectively continues to be the focal point of discussions. The role of the principal in facilitating the successful integration of technology in the school is well established. To that end, the Florida Department of Education implemented the FloridaLeaders.net: a three-year professional development project in technology for school administrators. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of this professional development project on integrating technology in elementary schools.
The study compared a group of schools whose principals have participated in the FloridaLeaders.net (FLN) program with schools whose principals have not participated in the program. The National Technology Standards for School Administrators and the National Technology Standards for Teachers were used as the framework to assess technology integration.
The sample consisted of three groups of educators: principals (n = 47), media specialists (n = 110), and teachers (n = 167). Three areas of technology utilization were investigated: a) the use of technology in management and operations, b) the use of technology in teaching and learning, and c) the use of technology for assessment and evaluation. Analyses of variances were used to examine the differences in the perceptions and use of technology in each of the three areas, among the three groups of educators.
The findings indicated that the difference between FLN and non-FLN schools was not statistically significant in most of the technology indicators. The difference was however significant in two cases: a) The use of technology for assessment and evaluation, and b) The level of technology infrastructure in FLN schools. Additionally, all FLN and non-FLN groups reported the need for technology training for teachers to provide them with the necessary "know-how" to effectively integrate technology into the classrooms. T
hese findings would indicate that FloridaLeaders.net was not effective in integrating technology in schools over and above other current efforts. It is therefore concluded that the FLN project had some favorable impact but had not met all of its stated objectives.
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Hu, Pei. "Impact on Chinese Economic Growth from Information Technology Investment." 名古屋大学大学院経済学研究科附属国際経済政策研究センター, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10883.
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Peng, Gang. "Information technology adoption and its impact on employee compensation /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8812.
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Musaefendic, Armin. "Ballistic Missile Defense : Impact of technology on global politics." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Political Science, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-767.
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Abstract
The focus of this paper is to discuss ballistic missile defense (BMD) systems and their impact on international relations. I have a profound interest in the correlation between technological innovation/improvement and changes in international politics. I have therefore chosen the impact of BMD on global politics as the subject of discussion in my paper.
I begin the discussion by describing the technological segment of Ballistic Missile Defense systems, after which I indulge in the political aspect of it. There are three primary actors in the field: the United States of America, China, Russia. These three are the main focus of the debate, though not the only ones. During the Cold War it was the USA and Russia which pursued BMDS with most vigor, with China keeping a close eye on their progress as well as initiating its own BMD program. The emergence of the “New World Order” in the aftermath of the Cold War resulted in restructuring and re-organizing of the countries` strategic thinking, interests as well as defenses. The strongly criticized 2002 US withdrawal from the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty of 1972 became the latest milestone in the sphere of strategic defenses. US withdrawal from the Treaty paves way for a new kind of arms race between the three major powers of today: USA, China, Russia.
My conclusion is that US policy regarding strategic defenses is completely unacceptable. The US quest for “invulnerability”, by many experts seen as futile, is extremely dangerous and just another proof that USA continues to relentlessly pursue complete global military, political and economic domination. The international community, with China and Russia leading, must not ignore US strategic defense ambitions and it must act today. Tomorrow might be too late.
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Yu, Warren. "The impact of Web technology on customer information flow." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/8498.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedCustomer and employee surveys indicate that the Naval Postgraduate School's Housing Welcome Center is stymied by an information bottleneck at the junction of its counselors and customers. Incoming classes decry housing for its poor communication and lack of information. Housing counselors, ever aware of customer satisfaction, spend too much time transacting routine information rather than helping families solve unique problems. This study examines how world Wide Web technology can widen the bottleneck of poor communications between counselor and customer so as to facilitate both information transactions and problem solving. To provide an analysis of the effectiveness in meeting housing customer needs, this study gauges housing customer satisfaction and determines those elements that customers believe constitute A Great Housing Office. An employee survey, a counselor focus group and archival research further demonstrate the dichotomy between where effort is expended and where it is needed. Customer communication and information expectations cannot be met under the current system. Analysis of qualitative and quantitative data demonstrate that the NPS Housing Welcome Center can overcome its information bottleneck by exploiting the technological advances of the World Wide Web and becoming a hub of information resources.
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Omoteso, Kamil. "The impact of information and communications technology on auditing." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4345.
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The role currently being played by Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in ensuring the accuracy, timeliness and integrity of audit reports cannot be stressed too strongly. This thesis, relates to a study on assessing the current and potential impact of ICT on auditing in providing useful information for a wide range of users. Using a triangulation of interview and questionnaire techniques, the study covers the activities of auditors working in the 'big4' accounting firms, some small and medium sized accounting firms, one of the UK's 'big?' banks and some government agencies. This exploratory study is privileged to be one of the first to shed more light on the current state of affairs regarding the extent of use of ICT tools and techniques by both internal and external auditors. Also, the study has been able to assess the impact these tools and techniques are currently having on auditors and the organisations they work for by identifying the main benefits and drawbacks ICT has brought to the profession. As a result of its findings, this research is able to identify and discuss potential areas of the audit profession that could benefit from further utilisation of ICT. This study is the first to empirically assess the current and potential use of Continuous Online Auditing within the UK auditing profession comprising both public and commercial establishments. Similarly, the study is able to break new ground in accounting research by exploring the impact audit automation is having on auditor independence and the audit expectations-performance gap. Above all, the production uf C::l ih..~~-i8y~r~d iTiodei (an integration of contingency, socia-technical systems and structuration theories) for a comprehensive understanding of ICT impact on audit remains a major highlight of the study. The model advocates that the use of leT in audits is a function of certain contingent factors that determine an optimal mix of human skills and technological capabilities, which would lead to changes in the nature of auditors' roles and outputs and audit organisations' structures. Indeed, this road has been rough and turbulent in every way but at the end of it, I have the cause to say all praise is due to ALLAH. I do acknowledge that His bounties on me are certainly immeasurable. My thanks go to my supeNisors, Mr. Ashok Patel and Dr. Peter Scott for their guidance and support right from the start of the programme till its end. The remarkable memory of my dealings with them will remain with me throughout my academic life. I also appreciate the support of my Head of Department, Professor Elaine Harris, Professor Martyn Denscombe and members of the Accounting & Finance Department and the Business school as a whole particularly my research student colleagues. I do also acknowledge the invaluable assistance rendered to me by Messrs C. Peters, E. Clarke, S. Jones, A. Salami, L. Cooke, S. Durojaiye and K. Handscombe for facilitating my access to their organisations while I say a big thank you to all my respondents to the questionnaire and inteNiewees for taking time out of their busy schedules to attend to my requests. My father, Alhajj Zakariyya Omoteso, my late mother, Alhajja Hamdatullah Omoteso, my siblings Hasanah, Mulkah, Madinah, A1Fattah, Fatimah, Taofeeq, Mika'i1, Mahmudah and my brother-in-law, T.K. Sarumi have all played important roles in giving me the basic foundations I need in life to succeed. Their unflinching support in all respects has been a unique source of inspiration for me. I also show my heartfelt appreciation to my darling wife, Ni'matullah for her constant support, sacrifice· and understanding especially when the going got tough. The same goes for her parents, Alhajj &Alhajja Sodique as well as her siblings, Sumayyah, Nurayn, Khadijah, Maryam, Rizqah and Lateefah. To my little ones, Aminah and 'Abdullah, I pray they grow to realise what their presence during this period meant to me. Two special people have been central to the success of this programme, Dr. Isma'il Ibrahim and Dr. Gbolahan Gbadamosi. I pray they reap the rewards of their efforts on the day when good deeds will be scarce. The same prayer goes for my buddies, M. Kadri, S. Olagunju, T. Olakunle I. Badmus, A. A1Salaam, D. Shafi, H. Mobolaji, T.Yusuf, I. Adelopo, S. Elegbede, U. Adeyemi, M. Obalola, M. Adeyoola, A. Solate, M. Bello, S. Ogunmuyiwa, N. Olaleye, A. Husain, S. Osunleke, Z. Adeniyi, I. Ogunwale, A. Adedeji, H. Onabanjo, A. Zubair, K. Akosile, M. Adesokan, W. Busari, S. Junaid and all my numerous friends here and abroad. Finally, I say a big thank you to my former high school teacher, Mr. 8.0. Agunbiade, for arousing my interest in accounting.
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Xin, Ying. "The impact of DRM technology in the P2P age." Connect to this title online, 2009. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1256570521/.
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Kim, Jayeon (Jayeon Elena). "The disruptive impact of technology on the fashion industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111471.
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Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 47-50).
The rules of the power game are shifting in the fashion industry due to technology. High-end fashion brands are faced with a significant disruption because of the forces of media and technology. Traditionally, fashion trends trickled down from high-end fashion to lower-end fashion or mass fashion. High-end luxury fashion brands once wielded absolute power as trendsetters, and mass brands followed the trends set by exclusive brands. Traditional high-end print fashion magazines such as Vogue and Harper 's Bazaar were powerful sources of information about upcoming fashion trends. However, technology is changing every element of this power structure. Luxury brands and highend fashion magazines no longer have the absolute power as fashion trendsetters that they once enjoyed. In this new era, the ability to adapt to digital and technology trends will be the key solution for fashion brands to maintain their traditional power. This thesis is an exploration into three sectors of disruption: Fashion Week Cycle, Fashion Communication, and Fashion Retailers. In this thesis, I analyze and discuss how technology has been disrupting the fashion industry and suggest possible solutions and strategies for traditional players who want to regain their standing.
by Jayeon Kim.
M.B.A.
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Gealow, Jeffrey Carl. "Impact of processing technology on DRAM sense amplifier design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61805.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1990.Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-147).
by Jeffrey Carl Gealow.
M.S.
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Ramcharan, Rachel Susan. "Strategic impact of innovations in information technology in construction." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10392.
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Brady, Paul J. (Paul Joseph) 1960, and Raymond T. 1966 Leach. "Analysis of technology intermediaries and their impact on strategy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8475.
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Nwoffiah, Lucy Chineze. "E-commerce: the impact of internet technology on retailing." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1771.
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Thesis (MTech (Business Information Systems))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005Where customers have freedom of choice, their level of satisfaction will determine if they are loyal, long-term and profitable customers. If customers are not satisfied they will take their business elsewhere. The increase in the level of satisfaction in key element areas would increase overall customer satisfaction and increase customers' future behaviours such as purchasing on the Internet and recommending the e-retail websites to others. This thesis also explains in the previous chapters that early adopters of eretailing exhibited more of the elements of service transactions than goods transactions and that these elements best explain the e-retailer-consumer relationship. Creating the trust between a customer and its service provider {e-retailer} is one of the key factors in ensuring customer loyalty and retention. Other challenges that were discussed include controlling customer data, integrating on-offline orders, delivering goods cost effectively and handling of returns. Strategies e-retail businesses implement and use in improving product and service quality, gain market share and maintain greater customer loyalty were discussed in this research. If the e-retail businesses can continue to improve consumers' satisfaction they will be rewarded with continued improvement in overall customer satisfaction, customer loyalty and retention and increase profitability. While the Internet certainly poses new challenges for e-retailers, and offers them invaluable new tools, a spate of new research suggests that there is no reason for traditional retailers to consider themselves doomed. The big question is: how does Internet technology assist e-retail businesses to create loyal e-customers?
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Iyamu, Tiko Osayande. "The impact of organisational politics on information technology strategy." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10958.
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 286-307).The study consulted literature from both academic and professional domains. None of the literature referred to has done any study on the impact of organisation politics on IT strategy. The research conducted empirical case studies in two South African organisations. The two organisations are different in terms of cultural and transformative settings. The study included the involvement of people, processes and technology in the development and implementation of IT strategy.
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Xiong, Liang. "Impact of Green Design and Technology on Building Environment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc822831/.
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Currently, the public has a strong sense of the need for environment protection and the use of sustainable, or “green,” design in buildings and other civil structures. Since green design elements and technologies are different from traditional design, they probably have impacts on the building environment, such as vibration, lighting, noise, temperature, relative humidity, and overall comfort. Determining these impacts of green design on building environments is the primary objective of this study. The Zero Energy Research (ZOE) laboratory, located at the University of North Texas Discovery Park, is analyzed as a case study. Because the ZOE lab is a building that combines various green design elements and energy efficient technologies, such as solar panels, a geothermal heating system, and wind turbines, it provides an ideal case to study. Through field measurements and a questionnaire survey of regular occupants of the ZOE lab, this thesis analyzed and reported: 1) whether green design elements changed the building’s ability to meet common building environmental standards, 2) whether green design elements assisted in Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) scoring, and 3) whether green design elements decreased the subjective comfort level of the occupants.
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Fink, Shmuel. "The Impact of Technology on the Study of Talmud." NSUWorks, 2014. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/151.
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The study of Talmud has experienced a virtual explosion. Aside from many benefits that can be gained from the daily study of Talmud, it facilitates life-long learning behaviors. The creation of life-long learners is especially crucial in today's job market, where the introduction of new technologies makes it essential for employees to constantly update their skills.
In particular, the idea of studying a page of Talmud a day, known as Daf Yomi, conceived in 1923 by Rabbi Meir Shapiro, has become common practice. Although once the purview of Orthodox males, it has been proposed this practice has extended to females, Jews of all denominations, and even some non-Jews. Paralleling this practice, there has been an explosion of technology based resources created for the Daf Yomi student. The last known study of these resources was in 1990 and focused exclusively on the one resource available, a telephone call-in system.
Based upon the many developments in computing technologies in the past 25 years, the time has arrived to determine what types of additional resources currently exist, how they are being used, and who is using them. These methods were documented in a single, current resource to enable both people who learn Daf Yomi to easily determine what resources are available, and those designing the programs to better take the needs of the customer into account.
In addition, the demographic of those using these resources is largely undocumented. The study attempted to discover if the increase in technological tools has caused the study of Talmud to expand to a much larger segment. It was found that many people are currently studying Daf Yomi for the first time. Woman, Conservative Jews, and non-Jews are involved in Talmud study; many for the first time ever. Many attributed the technological tools available to them as the reason for their study.
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Srichai, Sothana. "Technology proficiency of business educators : impact on their technology utilization and expectations for students' proficiency /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3036859.
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Ifeonu, Robert Odera. "Investigating the impact of technology trust on the acceptance of mobile banking technology within Nigeria." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2014. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/23734/.
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This empirical study investigates the factors influencing Nigerians’ trust and adoption of mobile banking technology; using an integrative model. Research was conducted using a questionnaire developed and distributed in Nigeria. Out of 2256 returned questionnaires, 1725 were deemed to have been completed and hence usable. The data was analysed using confirmatory factor analysis and the results showed that confidentiality, integrity, authentication, access control, best business practices and non-repudiation significantly influenced technology trust with availability showing unsatisfactory values for consideration. In addition, technology trust showed a direct significant influence on perceived ease of use and usefulness. Technology trust also showed an indirect influence on intention to use through its impact on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Also, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness showed significant influence on consumer’s intention to adopt the technology. As a result of increased understanding of customer trust and adoption trends in Nigeria, these findings have important theoretical implications for researchers with interests in technology acceptance trends and the role of external factors, such as trust, in user adoption of technology. Such implications include the provision of empirical data, which highlights the role technology trust, demographic segmentations, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness play in mobile banking adoption in Nigeria. In addition, the successful completion of this study provides justification for the use of this research’s model as a suitable framework for investigating user adoption of technology.
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Ahsanuzzaman, Ahsanuzzaman. "Three Essays on Adoption and Impact of Agricultural Technology in Bangladesh." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53510.
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New agricultural technologies can improve productivity to meet the increased demand for food that places pressure on agricultural production systems in developing countries. Because technological innovation is one of major factors shaping agriculture in both developing and developed countries, it is important to identify factors that help or that hinder the adoption process. Adoption analysis can assist policy makers in making informed decisions about dissemination of technologies that are under consideration. It is also important to estimate the impact of a technology. This dissertation contains three essays that estimate factors affecting integrated pest management (IPM) adoption and the impact of IPM on sweet gourd farming in Bangladesh.
The first essay estimates factors that affect the timing of IPM adoption in Bangladesh. It employs duration models, fully parametric and semiparametric, and (i) compares results from different estimation methods to provide the best model for the data, and (ii) identifies factors that affect the length of time before Bangladeshi farmers adopt an agricultural technology. The paper provides two conclusions: 1) even though the non-parametric estimate of the hazard function indicated a non-monotone model such as log-normal or log-logistic, no differences are found in the sign and significance of the estimated coefficients between the non-monotone and monotone models. 2) economic factors do not directly influence the adoption decision but rather factors related to information diffusion and farmer's non-economic characteristics such as age and education. Particularly, farmer's age and education, membership in an association, training, distance of the farmer's house from local and town markets, and farmer's perception about the use of IPM affect the length of time to adoption. Farm size is the only variable closely related to economic factors that is found to be significant and it decreases the length of time to adoption.
The second paper measures Bangladeshi farmers' attitudes toward risk and ambiguity using experimental data. In different sessions, the experiment allows farmers to make decisions alone and communicate with peers in groups of 3 and 6 to see how social exchanges among peers affect attitudes toward uncertainty. Combining the measured attributes to household survey data, the paper investigates the factors affecting those attributes as well as the role of risk aversion and ambiguity aversion in technology choice by farmers who: face uncertainty alone, in a group of 3, or in a group of 6. It finds that Bangladeshi farmers in the sample are mostly risk and ambiguity averse. Their risk and ambiguity aversion, moreover, differ when they face the uncertain prospects alone from when they can communicate with other peer farmers before making decisions. In addition, farmer's demographic characteristics affect both risk and ambiguity aversion. Finally, findings suggest that the roles of risk and ambiguity aversion in technology adoption depend on which measure of uncertainty behavior is incorporated in the adoption model. While risk aversion increases the likelihood of technology adoption when farmers face uncertainty alone, only ambiguity aversion matters and it reduces the likelihood of technology adoption when farmers face uncertainty in groups of three. Neither risk aversion nor ambiguity aversion matter when farmers face uncertainty in groups of six.
The third paper presents an impact assessment of integrated pest management on sweet gourd in Bangladesh. It employs an instrumental variable and marginal treatment effects approach to estimate the impact of IPM on yield and cost of sweet gourd in Bangladesh. The estimation methods consider both homogeneous and heterogeneous treatment effects. The paper finds that IPM adoption has a 7% - 34% yield advantage over traditional pest management practices. Results regarding the effect of IPM adoption on cost are mixed. IPM adoption alters production costs from -1.2% cost to +42%, depending on the estimation method employed. However, most of the cost changes are not statistically significant. Therefore, while we confidently argue that the IPM adoption provides a yield advantage over non-adoption, we do not find a robust effect regarding a cost advantage of adoption.Ph. D.
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Wu, Peter I.-Kung. "Mechanical loading impacts intramuscular drug transport : impact on local drug delivery." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45914.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 152-166).
Controlled-release drug-delivery systems enable efficient and defined administration of therapeutic agents to target tissues. However, ultimate drug distribution and pharmacologic effect are determined by target tissue pharmacokinetics. In muscular tissues, complex architecture that is further augmented by dynamic motion and contraction can alter the pharmacokinetics and deposition of locally delivered macromolecules. We developed a system and applied a quantitative schema to investigate the impact of controlled mechanical loads applied to skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue on intramuscular transport of locally delivered drug. In a series of studies, we examined how the interaction between architectural configuration and functional mechanics alters the transport of drugs across both physicochemical and binding properties. We correlated these pharmacokinetic effects with characteristic parameters in the physiologic range of the tissue to derive mechanistic insight into the fundamental structural and dynamic elements that underlie these effects. While previous studies have revealed the unilateral scaling of substrate uptake with mechanical influences, we elucidated an architecturally defined pharmacokinetic setpoint whereby maximal drug penetration corresponds with optimal muscle function. Our findings elucidate basic biologic design in muscle that optimizes the interface between tissue and its physical environment. The unique insights from our investigations have broad impact on current understanding of the pharmacokinetic influences of biologic form and function, and elucidate new clinical strategies for controlled release and local delivery of a wide range of therapeutic compounds to mechanically active tissues.
by Peter I-Kung Wu.
Ph.D.
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Ahuja, Vinod Kumar. "Measuring the Impact of Open-Source Projects." Thesis, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10982080.
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Foundations and communities for open-source projects often want to determine the impact of their software projects. This impact can be understood in a variety of ways, and this research explores this subject by examining the interdependencies between an open-source project and other projects. In this context, the open-source project is dependent on components created upstream by the other projects. Conversely, software is used downstream by other projects. This thesis proposes an index called the V-index, through which impact of an open-source project, as used in downstream projects, can be measured. The V-index is developed using the open database libraires.io, which provides the requisite dependencies and, thus, a determination of the impact of open-source projects. Further, to explore how the V-index can be understood, project-specific open-source health metrics are identified as potentially easier targets for change than is project impact. A correlation matrix is formed among the identified metrics and the V-index is calculated to determine the corresponding relationships among them. Finally, the conclusions and implications of this research are drawn.
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Suen, Catherine. "A study of the impact of a district computer technology program on adoption of educational technology." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0004/MQ34463.pdf.
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Baskaran, Angathevar. "Technology development in India's space programme 1965-1995 : the impact of the missile technology control regime." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244322.
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Taylor, David Colin. "A political technology of information technology : assessing the developmental impact of the Eastern Caribbean Securities Exchange." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436229.
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Zhou, Wei. "The productivity impact and determinants of international technology transfer in China." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA111001.
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Cette thèse étudie les déterminants des transferts internationaux de technologie ainsi que leurs impacts sur la productivité en Chine. A travers une analyse de la littérature sur les transferts internationaux de technologie et de la théorie de la croissance endogène, nous identifions deux principaux canaux de transferts internationaux de technologie vers la Chine : l’investissement direct étranger (IDE) et l’importation de technologie. Nous proposons ensuite une étude empirique de l’impact des transferts internationaux de technologies et des efforts de R&D des entreprises sur la productivité des régions chinoises. Pour cela nous nous basons sur la fonction de production Cobb-Douglas traditionnelle. Dans ce cadre, nous procédons à des régressions sur données de panel équilibré contenant des informations sur les transferts internationaux de technologie vers 28 provinces chinoises entre 2001 et 2008. Tout d’abord, nous utilisons les régressions sur données de panel avec effets aléatoires sur la productivité des régions chinoises. Elles montrent que le coefficient des IDE est positif mais non significatif. Afin de résoudre les potentiels problèmes d'endogénéité dans la fonction de production, nous utilisons les variables instrumentales (IV). Avec cette méthodologie, nous constatons que l'IDE a un impact négatif sur la productivité des régions chinoises, qui est cohérent avec la littérature traitant les problèmes d'endogénéité des IDE (Aitken et Harrison, 1999; Hu et Jefferson, 2002; Konings, 2001; Xu et Sheng, 2011). L’impact négatif des IDE sur la productivité peut être expliqué comme le résultat de la concurrence entre firmes étrangères et domestiques ou l’existence d’un «fossé technologique». Les résultats montrent également que l’importation de technologies a un rôle positif considérable sur la productivité des régions chinoises. Les résultats empiriques confirment également que les efforts de R&D interne chinois ont une influence positive et très significative sur la productivité des régions en Chine. Nos résultats suggèrent donc que la Chine doit favoriser non seulement le développement du transfert de technologie international mais aussi ses propres efforts de R&D. Après cette étude quantitative, nous réalisons une analyse plus qualitative des déterminants des transferts internationaux de technologie en Chine. Dans la littérature sur les transferts internationaux de technologie, cinq facteurs apparaissent comme des déterminants importants de ces transferts : les politiques gouvernementales, l’environnement de marché, les droits de propriété, les écarts technologiques et la capacité d’absorption. Cependant, peu de travaux étudient comment ces facteurs clés influent sur les transferts internationaux de technologie vers la Chine. Nous prenons l’exemple de l’industrie automobile chinoise afin d’analyser cette question en profondeur. Nos résultats empiriques montrent que les politiques gouvernementales sur l’IDE, le commerce et la propriété intellectuelle jouent un rôle particulièrement important sur les transferts internationaux de technologie en Chine. De plus, la structure de marché, notamment le degré élevé de la concurrence sur le marché, a favorisé les transferts internationaux de technologie vers la Chine. Les droits de propriété affectent également ces flux technologiques. Les entreprises d’Etat qui ont établi une Joint Venture (JV) acquièrent principalement les technologies via l’IDE, tandis que les entreprises d’Etat sans JV et les entreprises locales indépendantes se concentrent sur l’apprentissage grâce à l’importation de technologie et la coopération. L’écart technologique affecte l’efficacité du transfert de technologie international en Chine. La capacité d’absorption est importante pour le bénéficiaire afin d’acquérir les technologies transféréesThis Ph.D dissertation studies the productivity impact and the determinants of international technology transfer in China. Through a review of the theoretical and empirical literature on international technology transfer and endogenous growth theory, we analyze two main channels of international technology transfer in China, namely FDI and technology import. We investigate the productivity impacts of international technology transfer and own R&D efforts. Relying on international technology transfer literature coupled with endogenous growth theory, balanced panel data on international technology transfer about 28 Chinese regions from 2001 to 2008 are used for testing the productivity impact. The traditional Cobb-Douglas production function is used. Firstly, Pooled EGLS (Cross-section random effects) regressions are used to estimate random-effects panel data models for regional productivity. The coefficient of FDI is insignificant and positive. Then in order to solve the endogeneity problems in production function, we use instrumental variables (IV) estimation. In instrumental variable estimate, we find that FDI has significantly negative impact on Chinese regional productivity, which is consistent with recently literature (Aitken and Harrison, 1999; Hu and Jefferson, 2002; Konings, 2001; Xu and Sheng, 2011) which pays attention to the endogeneity of inputs. ‘Competition effects’ and ‘technology gap’ explanation can explain the negative impact of FDI on Chinese regional productivity in short run. Our empirical results show that technology import has significantly positive impact on Chinese regional productivity. The empirical results also confirm that own R&D efforts has significantly positive effect on Chinese regional productivity. Our results suggest that Chinese governments should favor the development of both international technology transfer and own R&D efforts.Then we analyze the determinant of international technology transfer in China. In existing literature, government policy, market environment, ownership relationship, technology gap and absorptive capacity are considered as the key factors influencing international technology transfer. Few works investigate how these key factors affect international technology transfer in China. In order to analyze this questions deeply, we do a case study on Chinese automotive industry. We choose to analyze this sector as it occur more international technology transfer and it is extremely important in Chinese economy. Our empirical results show that some government policies have active impact on international technology transfer in China, such as, local content requirement, the decrease of trade barriers, tax incentives and IP protection. However, some policies have no significant even negative impact on international technology transfer in China, such as, restrictions on entry and foreign equity limits. Market environment, especially market competition, to large extant promote international technology transfer in China. Ownership relationship affect international technology transfer, JV (Joint Venture) members of SOEs (State-owned enterprises) mainly acquire production technologies through FDI and technology import, while Non-JV members of SOEs and independent local company focus on learning design technologies through technology import and international cooperation. Large technology gap makes Chinese domestic companies have more opportunities to learning foreign technologies, but it also means that domestic companies have no enough ability to absorb the advanced technologies from multinationals. Absorptive capacity is important for the recipient acquiring the transferred technologies
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Lei, Chi Man. "The impact of information technology to the business in Macau." Thesis, University of Macau, 2000. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b1636238.
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