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1

A, Guran, and Panagiotopoulos P. D. 1950-, eds. Proceedings of the first International Symposium on Impact and Friction of Solids, Structures and Intelligent Machines: In memoriam P. D. Panagiotopoulos (1950-1998), Ottawa Congress Centre, Ottawa, Canada, 27-30 June 1998. World Scientific, 2000.

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2

1950-, Mason T. David, Turay Abdul M, and Mississippi State University. Center for International Security and Strategic Studies., eds. US-Japan trade friction: Its impact on security cooperation in the Pacific Basin. MacMillan, 1991.

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3

1950-, Mason T. David, Turay Abdul M, and Mississippi State University. Center for International Security and Strategic Studies., eds. US-Japan trade friction: Its impact on security cooperation in the Pacific Basin. St. Martin's Press, 1991.

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4

Barbara, Blazejczyk-Okolewska, ed. Chaotic mechanics in systems with impacts and friction. World Scientific, 1999.

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5

Bank, World, ed. Sticky feet: How labor market frictions shape the impact of international trade on jobs and wages. World Bank, 2014.

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6

(Editor), Ardeshir Guran, ed. Friction Mechanics, Vibro - Impact Systems and Control - 2. Birkhauser Verlag AG, 2002.

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7

Pawel, Olejnik. Modeling, Analysis and Control of Dynamical Systems with Friction and Impacts. World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd, 2017.

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8

Guran, Ardéshir, B. F. Feeny, A. Klarbring, and Y. Ishida. Impact And Friction Of Solids, Structures And Intelligent Machines. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/4480.

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9

Guran, Ardeshir. Impact and Friction of Solids, Structures and Intelligent Machines. World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd, 2000.

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10

Mason, T. David. Us-Japan Trade Friction: Its Impact on Security Cooperation in the Pacific Basin. Palgrave Macmillan, 1991.

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11

Mason, T. David, and Abdul M. Turay. US-Japan Trade Friction: Its Impact on Security Cooperation in the Pacific Basin. Palgrave Macmillan, 1991.

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12

Mason, T. David, and Abdul M. Turay. US-Japan Trade Friction: Its Impact on Security Cooperation in the Pacific Basin. Palgrave Macmillan, 1991.

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13

Guran, Ard shir. Impact And Friction Of Solids, Structures And Intelligent (Proceedings of the First International Symposium). World Scientific Publishing Company, 2000.

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14

Bastien, Jerome, Frederic Bernardin, Claude-Henri Lamarque, and Claude-Henri Lamarque. Non-Smooth Deterministic or Stochastic Discrete Dynamical Systems: Applications to Models with Friction or Impact. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2013.

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15

Bastien, Jerome, Frederic Bernardin, and Claude-Henri Lamarque. Non-Smooth Deterministic or Stochastic Discrete Dynamical Systems: Applications to Models with Friction or Impact. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2013.

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16

Bastien, Jerome, Frederic Bernardin, and Claude-Henri Lamarque. Non-Smooth Deterministic or Stochastic Discrete Dynamical Systems: Applications to Models with Friction or Impact. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2013.

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17

Bastien, Jerome, Frederic Bernardin, and Claude-Henri Lamarque. Non-Smooth Deterministic or Stochastic Discrete Dynamical Systems: Applications to Models with Friction or Impact. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2013.

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18

Bastien, Jerome, Frederic Bernardin, and Claude-Henri Lamarque. Non-Smooth Deterministic or Stochastic Discrete Dynamical Systems: Applications to Models with Friction or Impact. Wiley-Interscience, 2013.

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19

Bastien, Jerome, Frederic Bernardin, and Claude-Henri Lamarque. Non Smooth Deterministic or Stochastic Discrete Dynamical Systems: Applications to Models with Friction or Impact. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2013.

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20

Elasto-impact and friction in dynamic systems: Presented at the 1996 ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, November 17-22, 1996, Atlanta, Georgia. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996.

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21

Fletcher, Roland. Urban materialities: meaning, magnitude, friction, and outcomes. Edited by Dan Hicks and Mary C. Beaudry. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199218714.013.0020.

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The materiality of urbanism encompasses the words and actions by which we relate ourselves to it, the economics of its creation and maintenance, the impact of the material on the viability of community life, and also the long-term trajectories of urban growth and decline. Archaeological approaches to urban materiality tend to focus on how people seek to use the material and also emphasize what the material meant, in verbal terms, to its users. This article focuses on urban materialities, its meaning, magnitude, friction, and outcomes. This article further discusses words, metaphors, and urban materials. In discussing metaphor the material scholars have recognized ‘an inherent problem in the precise relationship between a world of words and world of things’. This article discusses the process of analyzing transformation through time. A detailed analysis on the growth and changing trends in urban industrialization concludes this article.
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22

Feeny, Brian F., and Guran Ardeshir. Impact and Friction of Solids, Structures and Machines: Theory and Applications in Engineering and Science, Intl Symp. World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd, 2000.

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23

Ga.) International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (1996 : Atlanta. Elasto-Impact and Friction in Dynamic Systems: Presented at the 1996 Asme International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, November 17-22, ... Design Engineering Division), Vol. 90.). American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996.

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24

Sanjani, Marzie Taheri. Financial Frictions in Data: Evidence and Impact. International Monetary Fund, 2014.

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25

Sanjani, Marzie Taheri. Financial Frictions in Data: Evidence and Impact. International Monetary Fund, 2014.

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26

Sanjani, Marzie Taheri. Financial Frictions in Data: Evidence and Impact. International Monetary Fund, 2014.

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27

Roberts, Simon. Articular cartilage. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199533909.003.0005.

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Synovial joints allow the efficient and controlled movement necessary for sport with a biological shock-absorbing bearing of hyaline cartilage. This is an extremely low friction surface, with a coefficient of one-sixth of that of ice on ice, lower than most man-made bearing materials. It has viscoelastic properties allowing dynamic congruity and minimization of transmitted pressure and impact....
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28

Budinski, Kenneth G., and Steven T. Budinski. Tribomaterials. ASM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.tpsfwea.9781627083232.

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Tribomaterials: Properties and Selection for Friction, Wear, and Erosion Applications provides practical information on the tribological behaviors of engineering materials, how they are measured, and how to account for them in order to optimize product lifetime and performance. The first few chapters describe the mechanisms and manifestations of various types of friction, erosion, and wear and how to assess their impact on design and equipment operation using proven tribotesting methods. The chapters that follow cover the tribological properties and characteristics of important engineering materials, including carbon and low-alloy steels, tool steels, stainless steels, nickel- and cobalt-base alloys, copper alloys, and cast iron as well as ceramics, cermets, cemented carbides, polymers, and polymer composites. The book also includes chapters on treatments and coatings, lubrication, and the selection and screening of materials for tribosystems, including medical applications. Each chapter ends with a review of terms, takeaway concepts, essential questions, and related reading. For information on the print version, ISBN: 978-1-62708-321-8, follow this link.
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29

Chaotic Mechanics in Systems with Impacts and Friction. World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd, 1999.

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30

Chaotic Mechanics in Systems with Impacts and Friction. World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd, 1999.

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31

Hockenberry, Matthew, Nicole Starosielski, and Susan Zieger, eds. Assembly Codes. Duke University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9781478013037.

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The contributors to Assembly Codes examine how media and logistics set the conditions for the circulation of information and culture. They document how logistics—the techniques of organizing and coordinating the movement of materials, bodies, and information—has substantially impacted the production, distribution, and consumption of media. At the same time, physical media, such as paperwork, along with media technologies ranging from phone systems to software are central to the operations of logistics. The contributors interrogate topics ranging from the logistics of film production and the construction of internet infrastructure to the environmental impact of the creation, distribution, and sale of vinyl records. They also reveal how logistical technologies have generated new aesthetic and performative practices. In charting the specific points of contact, dependence, and friction between media and logistics, Assembly Codes demonstrates that media and logistics are co-constitutive and that one cannot be understood apart from the other. Contributors Ebony Coletu, Kay Dickinson, Stefano Harney, Matthew Hockenberry, Tung-Hui Hu, Shannon Mattern, Fred Moten, Michael Palm, Ned Rossiter, Nicole Starosielski, Liam Cole Young, Susan Zieger
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32

Bruno, Brunella, Alexandra D'Onofrio, and Immacolata Marino. Financial Structure and Corporate Investment in Europe. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198815815.003.0002.

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Investment in fixed assets declined over the crisis period in all countries. We implement an econometric analysis to explore the differential impact of leverage and debt maturity structure on investment, finding that in crisis years (i) leverage exerts a strong and negative effect on investment, and (ii) firms with more long-term debt invest less. We uncover heterogeneous reactions to the crisis due to the level of debt and its maturity, sorting firms by country-specific and firm-specific characteristics. Firms which cut back most investment in crisis years (conditional on the level of leverage and maturity) are (i) small and (ii) located in Eurozone periphery countries. Factors that alleviate financial friction and shield investment include multiple bank relationships and the ability to generate internal resources (cash flow). We find no evidence of a positive nexus between cash and investment, and little evidence of a positive effect on investment of access to capital markets.
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33

Charles M, Fombad, ed. Separation of Powers in African Constitutionalism. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198759799.001.0001.

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This book examines one of the critical measures introduced by African constitutional designers in their attempts to entrench an ethos of constitutionalism on the continent. Taking a critical look at the different ways in which attempts have been made to separate the different branches of government, the book examines the impact this is having on transparent and accountable governance. Beginning with an overview of constitutionalism in Africa and the different influences on modern African constitutional developments, it looks at the relationship between the legislature and the executive as well as the relationship between the judiciary and the political branches. Despite differences in approaches between the various constitutional cultures that have influenced developments in Africa, there remain common problems. One of these problems is the constant friction in the relationship between the three branches and the resurgent threats of authoritarianism which clearly suggest that there remain serious problems in both constitutional design and implementation. The book also studies the increasing role being played by independent constitutional institutions and how they complement the checks and balances associated with the traditional three branches of government.
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34

Kapitaniak, Tomasz, Krzysztof Czolczynski, Jerzy Wojewoda, and Barbara Blazejczyk-Okolewska. Chaotic Mechanics in Systems With Impacts and Friction (World Scientific Series on Nonlinear Science , No a). World Scientific Publishing Company, 1999.

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35

Hollweg, Claire H., Daniel Lederman, Diego Rojas, and Elizabeth Ruppert Bulmer. Sticky Feet: How Labor Market Frictions Shape the Impact of International Trade on Jobs and Wages. The World Bank, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-0263-8.

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36

Greenstein, Shane, Chris Forman, and Avi Goldfarb. How Geography Shapes—and Is Shaped by—the Internet. Edited by Gordon L. Clark, Maryann P. Feldman, Meric S. Gertler, and Dariusz Wójcik. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198755609.013.21.

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The literature on the geographical implications of the Internet are reviewed, both those studying the adoption and use of the Internet, as well as those examining the Internet’s economic consequences for productivity, wealth, innovation, trade, and consumer behavior. The chapter emphasizes that the Internet reduces three key interrelated economic frictions: communication costs, transportation costs, and search costs. The impact of reducing these frictions varies across locations because it depends on three factors that vary locally: preferences, the availability of substitutes, and the availability of complements. Thus, the diffusion of the Internet benefits some locations more than others. The chapter concludes by discussing directions for future research.
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37

Weaks-Baxter, Mary. Leaving the South. University Press of Mississippi, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496819598.001.0001.

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Millions of Southerners left the South in the 20th Century in a mass migration that has had a lasting impact on the U.S. Leaving the South focuses on narratives by and about those who left and how those narratives challenged concepts of Southern nationhood and remade how Southernness is interpreted and represented. Identifying “the South” as an idea, this study works under the assumption that because borders are social constructs, movements of people across borders are controlled not only by physical barriers, but also by the narratives that define that movement. Framed with a look back to the Southern history of border building and a look ahead to the impact of borders in the 21<sup>st</sup> Century, Leaving the South focuses on 20<sup>th</sup> century Southern Border Narratives in prose, poetry, visual arts, and music and how they were used to create group affiliation, encourage divisiveness, and formulate and perpetuate new individual and group identities. Taking an expansive approach, this book crosses temporal, textual, gendering, and racial boundaries in order to examine the parallel, intersecting, and divergent narrative paths of various groups of Southerners as they left the South. In a time of calls for building a wall between the United States and Mexico, and growing nationalistic movements and isolationist tendencies around the globe, Leaving the South reflects on that friction between the human capacities to, on the one hand, build walls and, on the other, to break them down.
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38

Dekle , Sr., George R. The Last Murder. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400676789.

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This eye-opening book uses the case of Ted Bundy to show how a case against a serial killer is investigated, how problems common to such cases are overcome, and how the prosecution team marshals and presents the evidence at trial. The Last Murder: The Investigation, Prosecution, and Execution of Ted Bundy follows the facts and circumstances of Kim Leach's disappearance and the investigation and prosecution of Ted Bundy in rough chronological order, from Bundy’s escape from a Colorado jail in 1977 to his execution at Florida State Prison in 1989. It provides an inside look at the intricacies and complications of this historic case that spanned many states and jurisdictions, documenting how unselfishness and dogged determination were key to solving the case. The story is told from the vantage point of one intimately involved in both the investigation and prosecution of the criminal, clearly showing how friction between agencies can impede the investigation and how cooperation can expedite a solution. The book emphasizes the important role played by circumstantial evidence and forensic science, explores the impact of pervasive publicity upon such an investigation, critiques the investigation and prosecution of Bundy, and offers suggestions on how—and how not—to deal with “celebrity killers” in the future.
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39

Isenberg, David. Shadow Force. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216013839.

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From their limited use in China during World War II, for example, to their often clandestine use in Vietnam ferrying supplies before the war escalated in 1964 and 1965 when their role became more prominent-and public-private military contractors (PMCs) have played made essential contributions to the success and failures of the military and United States. Today, with an emphasis on force restructuring mandated by the Pentagon, the role of PMCs, and their impact on policy-making decisions is at an all time peak. This work analyzes that impact, focusing specifically on PMCs in Iraq since the fall of Saddam Hussein in 2003. Isenberg dissects their responsibilities, the friction that exists between contractors and military commanders, problems of protocol and accountability, as well as the problems of regulation and control that PMC companies create for domestic politics. Isenberg organizes his work thematically, addressing all facets of PMCs in the current conflict from identifying who the most influential companies are and how they got to that point, to the issues that the government, military, and contractors themselves face when they take the field. He also analyzes the problem of command, control, and accountability. It is no secret that PMCs have been the source of consternation and grief to American military commanders in the field. As they work to establish more routine protocols in the field, however, questions are also being raised about the role of the contractors here at home. The domestic political arena is perhaps the most crucial battleground on which the contractors must have success. After all, they make their corporate living off of taxpayer dollars, and as such, calls for regulation have resonated throughout Washington, D.C., growing louder as the profile of PMCs increases during the current conflict.
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40

Tucker, Spencer, ed. World War II. ABC-CLIO, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216993520.

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With more than 1,700 cross-referenced entries covering every aspect of World War II, the events and developments of the era, and myriad related subjects as well as a documents volume, this is the most comprehensive reference work available on the war. This encyclopedia represents a single source of authoritative information on World War II that provides accessible coverage of the causes, course, and consequences of the war. Its introductory overview essays and cross-referenced A–Z entries explain how various sources of friction culminated in a second worldwide conflict, document the events of the war and why individual battles were won and lost, and identify numerous ways the war has permanently changed the world. The coverage addresses the individuals, campaigns, battles, key weapons systems, strategic decisions, and technological developments of the conflict, as well as the diplomatic, economic, and cultural aspects of World War II. The five-volume set provides comprehensive information that gives readers insight into the reasons for the war's direction and outcome. Readers will understand the motivations behind Japan's decision to attack the United States, appreciate how the concentration of German military resources on the Eastern Front affected the war's outcome, understand the major strategic decisions of the war and the factors behind them, grasp how the Second Sino-Japanese War contributed to the start of World War II, and see the direct impact of new military technology on the outcomes of the battles during the conflict. The lengthy documents volume represents a valuable repository of additional information for student research.
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41

Tucker, Spencer, ed. World War II. ABC-CLIO, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216993568.

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With more than 1,700 cross-referenced entries covering every aspect of World War II, the events and developments of the era, and myriad related subjects as well as a documents volume, this is the most comprehensive reference work available on the war. This encyclopedia represents a single source of authoritative information on World War II that provides accessible coverage of the causes, course, and consequences of the war. Its introductory overview essays and cross-referenced A–Z entries explain how various sources of friction culminated in a second worldwide conflict, document the events of the war and why individual battles were won and lost, and identify numerous ways the war has permanently changed the world. The coverage addresses the individuals, campaigns, battles, key weapons systems, strategic decisions, and technological developments of the conflict, as well as the diplomatic, economic, and cultural aspects of World War II. The five-volume set provides comprehensive information that gives readers insight into the reasons for the war's direction and outcome. Readers will understand the motivations behind Japan's decision to attack the United States, appreciate how the concentration of German military resources on the Eastern Front affected the war's outcome, understand the major strategic decisions of the war and the factors behind them, grasp how the Second Sino-Japanese War contributed to the start of World War II, and see the direct impact of new military technology on the outcomes of the battles during the conflict. The lengthy documents volume represents a valuable repository of additional information for student research.
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42

Tucker, Spencer, ed. World War II. ABC-CLIO, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216993537.

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With more than 1,700 cross-referenced entries covering every aspect of World War II, the events and developments of the era, and myriad related subjects as well as a documents volume, this is the most comprehensive reference work available on the war. This encyclopedia represents a single source of authoritative information on World War II that provides accessible coverage of the causes, course, and consequences of the war. Its introductory overview essays and cross-referenced A–Z entries explain how various sources of friction culminated in a second worldwide conflict, document the events of the war and why individual battles were won and lost, and identify numerous ways the war has permanently changed the world. The coverage addresses the individuals, campaigns, battles, key weapons systems, strategic decisions, and technological developments of the conflict, as well as the diplomatic, economic, and cultural aspects of World War II. The five-volume set provides comprehensive information that gives readers insight into the reasons for the war's direction and outcome. Readers will understand the motivations behind Japan's decision to attack the United States, appreciate how the concentration of German military resources on the Eastern Front affected the war's outcome, understand the major strategic decisions of the war and the factors behind them, grasp how the Second Sino-Japanese War contributed to the start of World War II, and see the direct impact of new military technology on the outcomes of the battles during the conflict. The lengthy documents volume represents a valuable repository of additional information for student research.
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43

Tucker, Spencer C., ed. World War II. ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216993551.

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With more than 1,700 cross-referenced entries covering every aspect of World War II, the events and developments of the era, and myriad related subjects as well as a documents volume, this is the most comprehensive reference work available on the war. This encyclopedia represents a single source of authoritative information on World War II that provides accessible coverage of the causes, course, and consequences of the war. Its introductory overview essays and cross-referenced A–Z entries explain how various sources of friction culminated in a second worldwide conflict, document the events of the war and why individual battles were won and lost, and identify numerous ways the war has permanently changed the world. The coverage addresses the individuals, campaigns, battles, key weapons systems, strategic decisions, and technological developments of the conflict, as well as the diplomatic, economic, and cultural aspects of World War II. The five-volume set provides comprehensive information that gives readers insight into the reasons for the war's direction and outcome. Readers will understand the motivations behind Japan's decision to attack the United States, appreciate how the concentration of German military resources on the Eastern Front affected the war's outcome, understand the major strategic decisions of the war and the factors behind them, grasp how the Second Sino-Japanese War contributed to the start of World War II, and see the direct impact of new military technology on the outcomes of the battles during the conflict. The lengthy documents volume represents a valuable repository of additional information for student research.
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44

Tucker, Spencer, ed. World War II. ABC-CLIO, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798216993544.

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With more than 1,700 cross-referenced entries covering every aspect of World War II, the events and developments of the era, and myriad related subjects as well as a documents volume, this is the most comprehensive reference work available on the war. This encyclopedia represents a single source of authoritative information on World War II that provides accessible coverage of the causes, course, and consequences of the war. Its introductory overview essays and cross-referenced A–Z entries explain how various sources of friction culminated in a second worldwide conflict, document the events of the war and why individual battles were won and lost, and identify numerous ways the war has permanently changed the world. The coverage addresses the individuals, campaigns, battles, key weapons systems, strategic decisions, and technological developments of the conflict, as well as the diplomatic, economic, and cultural aspects of World War II. The five-volume set provides comprehensive information that gives readers insight into the reasons for the war's direction and outcome. Readers will understand the motivations behind Japan's decision to attack the United States, appreciate how the concentration of German military resources on the Eastern Front affected the war's outcome, understand the major strategic decisions of the war and the factors behind them, grasp how the Second Sino-Japanese War contributed to the start of World War II, and see the direct impact of new military technology on the outcomes of the battles during the conflict. The lengthy documents volume represents a valuable repository of additional information for student research.
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45

Kemper, Jakko. Frictionlessness. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798765104439.

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Frictionlessness provides an examination of the environmentally destructive digital design philosophy of "frictionlessness" and the critical significance of a technological aesthetic of imperfection. If there is one thing that defines digital consumer technologies today, it is that they are designed to feel frictionless. From smart technologies to cloud computing, from from one-click shopping to the promise of seamless streaming—digital technology is framed to host ever-faster operations while receding increasingly into the background of perception. The environmental costs of this fetishization of frictionlessness are enormous and unevenly distributed; the frictionless experience of the end user tends to be supported by opaque networks of exploited labor and extracted resources that disproportionately impact the Global South. This situation marks an urgent need for alternate, less destructive aesthetic relations to technology. As such, this book examines imperfection, as an aesthetic concept that highlights existential conditions of finitude and fragility, as a particularly powerful counterweight to the dominant digital design philosophy of frictionlessness. While frictionlessnessaims to draw the user’s perception away from the exploitative and destructive conditions of digital production, imperfection forms an aesthetic source of friction that alerts users to the fragile nature of technology and the finite resources on which it relies. These arguments are elaborated through a close reading of three technological objects—a video game that was programmed to expire, an audiovisual performance that laments the fate of disused technology and a collection of music albums that dramatize a techno-cultural logic of relentless consumerism. Together, these case studies underline the value of technological aesthetics of imperfection and point to the need for a renewed ethics of care in relation to technology.
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46

O’Hare, Patrick, and Dagna Rams, eds. Circular Economies in an Unequal World. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350296664.

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This landmark first anthropological volume on the topic of ‘circular economies’ brings together a range of international scholars with regional specialisations in Europe, Africa, Asia, and South America to examine the concept's global implications. Aspirations towards circular economies have become increasingly prominent around the world, with the EU adopting an ambitious ‘circular economy action plan’, and China enshrining its own circular economy (xunhuan jingji) in law since 2008. Yet until now, social anthropology has largely neglected the potentially deep social impacts of this concept, focusing instead on metrics of waste, despite its obvious implications through every level of the economy and society. This volume covers a diverse array of international actors, including waste-pickers, traders and policymakers, and the global movement of materials like gold, plastic and textiles. Through ethnographic and qualitative case studies, it exposes many of the tensions that exist between state and corporate ideals of the circular economy, and the vernacular practices and philosophies that exist around the world. Contributors examine the frictions that emerge as these concepts and materials travel across different geographic contexts, and ask – what can an anthropological analysis contribute to a concept that is increasingly reshaping economies and restructuring global flows of virgin commodities, recyclables, and waste?
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47

Salton, Herman T. Dangerous Diplomacy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198733591.001.0001.

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This book assesses the role of the UN Secretariat in the Rwandan genocide. With the help of new sources, including the personal diaries and private papers of the late Sir Marrack Goulding, it situates the Rwanda operation within the context of bureaucratic friction existing at Headquarters in the early 1990s between the Department of Political Affairs (DPA) and the Department of Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO). The book argues that these units clashed not only over resources (a classic symptom of bureaucratic pathology) but also over the scope of peacekeeping and the role of the Secretary-General (SG) within it. This rivalry also reflected a split between a strong-willed SG determined to leave his mark on international affairs and to use his ‘political’ department independently of states, and Washington and the politico-military apparatus of the Pentagon, which in Somalia, Rwanda, Bosnia, and Haiti found itself increasingly at odds with Boutros-Ghali. Although the book looks at how this bureaucratic and power-political confrontation impacted on the Rwanda mission, it identifies the conceptual reasons for the DPA–DPKO split in the grey area that separates peacebuilding and peacekeeping. The difficulty of distinguishing these two key UN functions, coupled with the creative tension between SGs and states, explains why six decades after the birth of the UN, it has still not been possible to demarcate the exact roles of DPA and DPKO. Far from being dull and irrelevant, the book concludes that the UN bureaucracy is an intriguing barometer of the role of the Secretary-General in world politics.
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