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Breznitz, Shiri Marom. "University technology transfer : changes and impacts." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612063.
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Yanty, Evi. "The impacts of technology on global unconventional gas supply." Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1961.
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Freke, Vanessa. "Definitions, Reuse and Technology: How Context Impacts Technology Support for Knowledge Management." Thesis, Griffith University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366974.
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Knowledge management has emerged as a central concept for improving an organisations competitive advantage. It claims to improve performance though better reuse of knowledge, and by minimising the loss of valuable organisational knowledge when employees leave. Information technology is often promoted as the core of knowledge management solutions, often at the expense of understanding the cultural and social barriers preventing knowledge use in organisations. Much of the research into knowledge management has taken the view that knowledge is an object that can be supported with technology tools, and hence has focused on explicit knowledge within organisations. This dissertation takes a different view, seeing the concept of knowledge as being intrinsically tied to an organisation's perceptions of their work and situation - i.e. situated and embedded within work practices. The research question explored in this dissertation is, What is the relationship between group context, technology and knowledge management?
For this dissertation, knowledge management is defined as a systematic effort to share and use organisational knowledge within the organisational context so as to increased organisational performance. By understanding how knowledge is perceived, a perspective of knowledge management emerges with particular focus on the organisation's situation. Tools to support knowledge management can then be tailored to best suit the organisation. This dissertation has used an interpretive case study approach to explore knowledge management in a large HRM department, using interpretive research assumptions. Data was collected through individual interviews, documentation review and observations. Holsapple and Joshi's Knowledge Management Influence Model and Markus' model of knowledge Reuse were used to analyse and structure the data collected from the case organisation. The research findings confirmed that the work practices of the case organisation impacted on knowledge management activities. Within the HRM department, 2 distinct work groups existed with difference organisational functions. Hence different knowledge reuse situations exist within the department, each having separate support needs. A range of influences also impact knowledge management within the case organisation. Externally, Freedom of Information legislation acts as a disincentive for storing additional information in case files. Use of the current technologies available to the department is limited due to the high reliance on personal networks for information, which is assisted by a low staff turnover rate. In addition, the lack of a clear strategy for knowledge management makes it difficult to see how technology can be better positioned to support knowledge activities.
The perceptions of knowledge management showed that the lack of clear strategy led to unclear perceptions about the sources of knowledge, and the knowledge management objectives, methods and uses. However, from the perceptions explored in the HRM department a useful framework for further analysis was developed and represents an interesting future research opportunity. The research findings clearly demonstrated the complexity of supporting knowledge management activities with technology in an organisation. Without understanding the current context of the organisation the design of any technology tools to support knowledge management would be unlikely to succeed. The HRM department consisted of two distinct work groups with different knowledge management and knowledge reuse needs. The external influences on knowledge management limited the amount of information staff were willing to store in electronic records, and generally technology was viewed unfavourably in the department. This dissertation has clearly demonstrated that successful technological support of knowledge management would require careful consideration of work processes and organisational influences. Technology is a tool that must be tailored to fit organisational circumstances if it is to be successfully implemented within organisations, especially when supporting a socially dependent concept such as knowledge management.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Information and Communication Technology
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Pinto, de Mendonça José Rogério 1963. "Business impacts of CRM implementations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8467.
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Thesis (S.M.M.O.T.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Management of Technology Program, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-76).
This thesis aims at examining CRM implementations and at obtaining theoretical and practical evidence to three questions: ** What patterns emerge in successful CRM implementations, and general factors that prevent organizations from achieving expected results in such projects; ** What business benefits and impacts (e.g., return on investment, customer value, and redesign of business processes), are typically observed in CRM initiatives; ** How companies rearrange their organizational structures to, maximize the benefits of CRM. To accomplish these goals the author conducted a review of available literature, arid then interviewed members of 3 companies that implemented CRM and 2 system integrators with comprehensive experience in implementation of CRM. This practical experience intended to confirm the findings obtained through the literature review. The 3 companies researched are market leaders in the Financial Service Industry in Latin America. Consistently, the System Integrators interviewed actively serve the same industry. The major findings of this work are the following: ** Technology components as well as vendor selection is secondary as a key success factor; ** Companies usually do not reorganize themselves due to CRM implementations. Structure models; seems to be much more dependent on intrinsic cultural aspects; ** Observed business benefits have a high degree of variation, depending much on the situation before the implementation - all researched cases were considered to be successful. Although the sample analyzed is not sufficient to establish generalizations, due to its size and to the impossibility of obtaining reliable numeric or quantitative data, we report our results and interpret as a contribution to the growing body of evidence. Most of the conclusions are consistent with the literature review findings, with the exception of the observed absence of 'business cases' in the analyzed companies. The literature claims that elaboration of detailed business cases is critical, whereas in the analyzed companies a less rigorous, but nevertheless detailed, planning was sufficient to ensure success. Apart from the limitation of the size of the researched sample, due to the relative newness of the theme, part of the literature reviewed was composed by white papers published by CRM vendors, management consulting firms, and independent research and advisory companies. The research suggests that such implementations have important and lasting effects on the business. It also indicates that the magnitude of the business impacts are intrinsically dependent of the realities of particular companies, and cannot be generalized even within the specific financial services sector. Most of conclusions are based on qualitative analysis. since the number of cases, complexity and variability of the implementations, prevent from generating statically sound analysis. It would be valuable if this research could be extended through other industry sectors, in Latin America, or alternatively to encompass financial service companies from other regions.
by José Rogério Pinto de Mendonça.
S.M.M.O.T.
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Jimerson, Diont'e Lashaun. "Technology Impacts on Teaching Third Grade Math Using iPads." Thesis, Northcentral University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10980258.
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This research study focused on how technology-based tools have changed the 21st century education arena in elementary school mathematics classes. The research highlighted the inner city schools where many students in the class are achieving below state standards set for third grade level. The research question asked to what extent do students have a higher level of engagement in math classes in which iPads and other technologies are used? Technology continued to advance in 21st century classrooms where students are daily participants in teaching and learning with acquired experience using technology tools to accelerate their learning experience. Children are technology users with a passion for texting, web surfing, playing interactive games, social media, and more. The research methodology was data collection of achievement levels, using a quantitative method. The quantitative process for the research project supplemented the greater understanding of student achievement growth from integrated iPads in a third-grade math class in inner city schools in Chicago. The test was completed by the students, and the scores were automatically updated on the public website. The students had two hours to complete the test, and the students’ information was kept confidential. The students that were taught using technology outscored the students that were not taught using technology. The recommendation was to implement technology in all schools and create a challenging curriculum. The final recommendation for teaching with technology included the beneficial factors.
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Wu, Peter I.-Kung. "Mechanical loading impacts intramuscular drug transport : impact on local drug delivery." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45914.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 152-166).
Controlled-release drug-delivery systems enable efficient and defined administration of therapeutic agents to target tissues. However, ultimate drug distribution and pharmacologic effect are determined by target tissue pharmacokinetics. In muscular tissues, complex architecture that is further augmented by dynamic motion and contraction can alter the pharmacokinetics and deposition of locally delivered macromolecules. We developed a system and applied a quantitative schema to investigate the impact of controlled mechanical loads applied to skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue on intramuscular transport of locally delivered drug. In a series of studies, we examined how the interaction between architectural configuration and functional mechanics alters the transport of drugs across both physicochemical and binding properties. We correlated these pharmacokinetic effects with characteristic parameters in the physiologic range of the tissue to derive mechanistic insight into the fundamental structural and dynamic elements that underlie these effects. While previous studies have revealed the unilateral scaling of substrate uptake with mechanical influences, we elucidated an architecturally defined pharmacokinetic setpoint whereby maximal drug penetration corresponds with optimal muscle function. Our findings elucidate basic biologic design in muscle that optimizes the interface between tissue and its physical environment. The unique insights from our investigations have broad impact on current understanding of the pharmacokinetic influences of biologic form and function, and elucidate new clinical strategies for controlled release and local delivery of a wide range of therapeutic compounds to mechanically active tissues.
by Peter I-Kung Wu.
Ph.D.
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Zupke, Rachel Lee. "Attitudes toward science: how technology impacts student engagement and success." Montana State University, 2012. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2012/zupke/ZupkeR0812.pdf.
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Information and communication technologies were implemented with the purpose of improving student performance as well as increase the number of students with positive attitudes towards learning science. Classroom activities, homework assignments, alternative forms of submission of assignments, assessments, and contact outside of class were conducted with various forms of information and communication technologies. Students demonstrated an increase in positive attitudes towards learning science through technology-based modalities. However, more study with a larger sample size needs to be completed to determine if increase in student academic performance was a result of the treatment outlined here.
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Garbo, Samuel P. (Samuel Paul). "Technology development and business strategy : a changing environment impacts practices." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/10540.
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Bahaaldin, Karzan. "Evaluating the Impacts of Connected Vehicle Technology on Evacuation Efficiency." OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1122.
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No-notice evacuations of metropolitan areas can place significant demands on transportation infrastructure. In preparation, emergency managers and transportation engineers study potential demands and many create evacuation traffic management plans. The findings from a St. Louis Metro East evacuation study revealed some problematic areas of the transportation network. At these locations the traffic backed up during a simulated evacuation, caused a significant amount of delay, and increased the evacuation clearance time. An emerging paradigm called Connected Vehicle (CV) technology can provide real-time communication between vehicles in a traffic stream. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the impacts of CVs on evacuation from a downtown metropolitan area. The microsimulation software VISSIM was used to model the roadway network and the evacuation traffic. The model was built, calibrated and validated for studying the performance of traffic during the evacuation. This model helped researchers to find the time required to evacuate people in this area for different disaster scenarios. Because it is unlikely that vehicles equipped with CV technologies will become commonplace soon, the researcher tested different levels of deployment, also known as penetration rate. This study included penetration rates from 0 to 30 percent CVs; evaluating the average speed, average and total delays. The findings suggest significant reductions in total delays when CVs reached a penetration rate of 30 percent or greater. Results showed that the presence of CVs at a penetration rate of 30 percent could reduce the overall traffic delay by 60 percent over the evacuation period. A sensitivity analysis was conducted and the finding showed that a 10 percent increase in the penetration rate will significantly improve traffic flow. The findings of this study suggest that the communication capabilities of CVs can reduce delays and improve the traffic flow rate during a no-notice evacuation. Additionally, the benefits could be greater for evacuations with higher volumes, evacuations that last longer, and evacuations with higher proportions of CVs in the vehicle stream.
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Hoshide, Aaron K. "Impacts of Technology Adoption: Comparing Returns to the Farming Sector in Maine under Alternative Technology Regimes." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2002. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/HoshideAK2002.pdf.
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Lui, Siu Man. "Impacts of information technology commoditization : selected studies from ubiquitous information services /." View abstract or full-text, 2005. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ISMT%202005%20LUI.
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McCarthy, Evan Tyler. "Analyzing the Impacts of an IPM Vegetable Technology Transfer in Bangladesh." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/56608.
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This study evaluates the effectiveness and impacts of USAID's IPM IL vegetable technology transfer subproject in Bangladesh. The effectiveness of the technology transfer is evaluated in four ways: IPM adoption rates and determinants of IPM adoption, measuring the impact of IPM adoption on vegetable yields, pest management costs, and the number of pesticide applications used, estimation of the economic impacts of IPM adoption and the technology transfer, and analysis of the relative efficiency of the various technology transfer methods used to transfer the IPM practices to farmers. Adoption determinants were identified using traditional and ordered probit regression analysis. Difference-in-difference models were used to identify the impacts of IPM adoption on yields, pest management costs, and the number of pesticide applications applied. Economic impacts of IPM technology adoption were measured using economic surplus analysis. Finally, to compare the relative efficiency of different technology transfer methods, adoption rates were identified for each transfer method and combined with the training cost per farmer to identify the cost per farmer adopting IPM practices.
The results from the adoption analysis suggest the number of years of agricultural experience of the household head, the number of IPM adopters known by the household, and learning agricultural information from media sources and/or farm training events such as field days significantly increase the likelihood of IPM adoption. The impacts of IPM adoption on vegetable yields, pest management costs, and the number of pesticide applications were non-significant for vegetable crops. Analysis of the cost efficiency of the different IPM technology transfer methods suggests that media sources such as television, radio, and newspapers have the lowest cost per farmer.Master of Science
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Peterson, Christine A. "The impacts of technology on interactivity in a distance learning course." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2001. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2133.
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Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 2001.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 147 p. : ill. (some col.) Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 134-140).
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NEGRO, MIGUEL L. M. "Impactos da introducao da tecnologia de celulas a combustivel na matriz energetica brasileira visando a geracao de energia eletrica distribuida." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2004. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11207.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
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Ali-Yrkkö, Jyrki. "Essays on the impacts of technology development and R&D subsidies /." Helsinki : Helsinki School of Economics, 2008. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/563573503.pdf.
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Roe, Curtis Aaron. "Impacts of automated residential energy management technology on primary energy source utilization." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45865.
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The objective of the proposed research is to analyze automated residential energy management technology using primary energy source utilization. A residential energy management system (REMS) is an amalgamation of hardware and software that performs residential energy usage monitoring, planning, and control. Primary energy source utilization quantifies power system levels impacts on power generation cost, fuel utilization, and environmental air pollution; based on power system generating constraints and electric load.
Automated residential energy management technology performance is quantified through a physically-based REMS simulation. This simulation includes individual appliance operation and accounts for consumer behavior by stochastically varying appliance usage and repeating multiple simulation iterations for each simulated scenario. The effect of the automated REMS under varying levels of control will be considered.
Aggregate REMS power system impacts are quantified using primary energy source utilization. This analysis uses a probabilistic economic dispatch algorithm. The economic dispatch algorithm quantifies: fuel usage and subsequent environmental air pollution (EAP) generated; based on power system generating constraints and electric load (no transmission constraints are considered).
The analysis will comprehensively explore multiple residential energy management options to achieve demand response. The physically-based REMS simulation will consider the following control options: programmable thermostat, direct load control, smart appliance scheduling, and smart appliance scheduling with a stationary battery. The ability to compare multiple automated residential energy management technology options on an equal basis will guide utility technology investment strategies.
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Aboukorin, Antar Abdelall. "Technology impacts on future urban change in Egypt : implications for developing countries." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2004. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19192/.
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Since the Industrial Revolution, technology achievements, especially in transportation, have introduced significant changes to city structures and urban systems in both the developed and developing countries. Technology advancements of the Post-Industrial era, especially in telecommunications, are expected to introduce a new substantial wave of urban change. This research examines the future urban impacts of technology in developing countries and aims, in the light of these expected changes, to define the necessary approaches for managing the urban future in these countries. Based on the theoretical examination of the relationship between technology and urban change, the urban impacts of different technology forces, the analysis of patterns and problems of urban change in Africa and in Egypt, and the analysis of the main problems of the increasing primacy of Greater Cairo Region, the thesis proposes three necessary approaches for managing the urban future in developing countries. These approaches are: urban decentralisation, small-size settlements, and the incremental planning and development of urban activities. Although the review of current literature demonstrates that these approaches would be effective in managing the urban future in developing countries, and in a further step to confirm the validity of these approaches, the research carried out a forecasting survey of both technology and urban development experts' opinions and expectations. The statistical analysis of the survey results has revealed that the future impacts of technology on developing countries are expected to be substantial and confirmed that the proposed approaches are valid. Also, this analysis has revealed that existing cities, especially large ones, are expected to face considerable changes regarding their future size and function. The research concludes by presenting a summary of research findings, brief recommendations for the application of each these approaches, a critique of methods, and potentials for further future research.
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Simonson, Mark Alan. "The Impacts of Cost-Reducing Technology in the Gold and Oil Industries." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/31705.
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This thesis explores the question of what drives the development of cost-reducing technology. It will also explore this question in the gold and oil industries. It will integrate Paul Romer’s idea that investment in technology is an endogenous factor in the econometric testing. This matters because while a time lag may exist between investment in a commodity and one’s return on such investment, the role of changes in price and elasticity aid in driving such investment.
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Greuel, Jeff. "Impacts of block scheduling on technology education at Little Chute High School." Online version, 1998. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1998/1998greuelj.pdf.
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Huang, Chih-chung David. "The impacts of information technology on organizational effectiveness in human service organizations /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Cenci, Eduardo. "Rural technology adoption and its impacts: direct planting system in Sao Paulo." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/13634.
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This paper investigates the adoption of the Direct Planting System (DPS) in Brazil, a rural technology whose adoption is widely promoted because of benefits, both private and social, it allegedly delivers. This study relies on recent evidence on the determinants of adoption of this technology to investigate its impacts using a large panel of microdata of farm units in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. We explore variations in geographic locations and soil characteristics to construct instruments for adoption in order to identify the impacts of this adoption in agricultural outputs, in land allocations and in other production decisions. Although evidence of productivity gains remains uncertain, we do find significant impacts of DPS adoption in land allocations and production decisions.
Este trabalho investiga a adoção do Sistema de Plantio Direto (SPD) no Brasil, uma tecnologia rural bastante promovida devido aos benefícios, tanto privados como sociais, que alegadamente traz. O trabalho baseia-se em evidências recentes sobre os determinantes da adoção desta tecnologia para investigar seus impactos utilizando-se de um grande painel de microdados de unidades de produção agrícola no estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Nós exploramos variações em localizações geográficas e características de solos para construir instrumentos para a adoção e assim identificar os impactos dessa adoção na produção agrícola, nas alo- cações de terras e em outros indicadores da organização produtiva das fazendas. Embora as evidências de ganhos de produtividade permaneçam inconclusivas, nós encontramos impactos significativos da adoção de SPD na alocação de terras e nas decisões de produção.
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Saita, Akio 1972. "The potential business impacts of Semantic Web for system integration." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17884.
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Thesis (S.M.M.O.T.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Management of Technology Program, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 91-94).
This thesis presents research about the potential business impacts of the Semantic Web. The concept of the Semantic Web is an expansion of the Web for computers, enabling them to comprehend the meaning of information. In addition, Semantic Web Services (SWS), the emerging convergence of Web Services with the Semantic Web, is the next major generation of the Web (and of the Internet), in which e-services and business communication become more knowledge-based and agent-based. The study arose out of a technology review of the Semantic Web and its current adoption. Following further analysis and research into business cases involving Semantic Web applications, the author focused specifically on the system integration business in an effort to understand the potential business impacts of the Semantic Web for system integration. In the system integration field, there are various trends for companies thinking about adopting the Semantic Web into the real business world. In this thesis, I offer answers to two questions: Why do system integrators need the Semantic Web, and how they should go about adopting it?
by Akio Saita.
S.M.M.O.T.
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Xu, Xin. "The strategic impacts of ICT service innovation on consumers /." View abstract or full-text, 2007. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?ISMT%202007%20XU.
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Deshpande, Sunil Prabhakar. "Space debris or natural? Impacts on NASA's Long Duration Exposure Facility." Thesis, University of Kent, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335207.
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Feng, Wen Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Driving segments analysis for energy and environmental impacts of worsening traffic." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40300.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2007.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 143-145).
During the last two decades, traffic congestion in the U.S. has increased from 30% to 67% of peak period travel. Further, current research shows that measures taken within transportation systems, such as adding capacity, improving operations and managing demand, are not enough to keep congestion from growing worse. With the worsening traffic, the vehicle's fuel consumption and pollutant emissions will inevitably increase. As such, this thesis aims to quantitatively evaluate the energy and environmental impacts of worsening traffic on individual vehicles and the U.S. light-duty vehicle fleet, as well as to design feasible measures beyond transportation systems to offset theses impacts. The fuel consumption and emissions of different vehicle types under different driving situations provide the basis for analyzing the energy and environmental impacts of worsening traffic. This thesis defines the concept of "driving segments" to represent all possible driving situations which consist of vehicle speed, operation patterns and road types. For each vehicle type, its fuel consumption and emissions in different "driving segments" can be developed into a matrix by ADVISOR 2004, the vehicle simulation tool. Combining the "driving segments" vehicle performance matrices with the model for traffic congestion, the energy and environmental impacts of worsening traffic on individual vehicles can be examined.
(cont.) Based on these impacts, this thesis compares the performance of different vehicle types for both today's and tomorrow's traffic situations. Meanwhile, the on-road fuel economy of each vehicle type has also been calculated to update EPA's fuel economy rating by taking worsening traffic into consideration. Combining the "driving segments" vehicle performance matrices with a set of models for fleet population, vehicle technology, driving behavior and traffic congestion, the energy and environmental impacts of worsening traffic on the U.S. light-duty vehicle fleet can also be examined. Through sensitivity analysis, this thesis investigates the effects of altering vehicle choice, developing vehicle technology and changing driving behavior on offsetting the fuel consumption and emissions of the U.S. light-duty vehicle fleet caused by worsening traffic through 2030. It is concluded that promoting the market share of advanced vehicle technologies (Hybrids mainly) is the most effective and most feasible method.
by Wen Feng.
S.M.
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Chaturvedi, Swati 1976. "Strategies for mitigating adverse environmental impacts due to structural building materials." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17910.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 90-93).
This thesis assesses the problem of adverse environmental impacts due to the use of Portland cement and structural steel in the construction industry. The thesis outlines three technology and policy strategies to mitigate these impacts: 1. Reduce consumption; 2. Select materials to minimize impacts; and 3. Explore alternative new materials that have lesser impacts. The main findings and recommendations in each of these areas are as follows: Reduce Consumption: While absolute consumption of materials will grow with a growing population, recycling and reuse of structural members can reduce use of virgin material. Since recycling is already widely practiced, reuse of structural members is the primary means of further reducing consumption. Barriers to reuse can be eliminated by establishing design standards and regulations for reuse of structural sections, and creating functioning markets for re-useable sections. Select materials to minimize impacts: While designers are keen to select materials with minimum impacts, they do not have appropriate education or tools for the purpose. Standardization and simplification of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) tools, and education of designers are identified as the main areas for improvement. The main recommendations are: i) standardize LCA tools; reduce the number of impact categories, make the categories understandable and incorporate uncertainty data and ii) establish programs for educating designers about materials selection tools. Alternative new materials: New materials with lesser impacts need to be explored. The main recommendations in this area are: i) conduct life cycle assessments of new materials to determine environmental credentials over their lifetime and
(cont.) ii) establish appropriate policies enabling market adoption of alternative new technologies. The life cycle assessment of magnesia cement (a mix of cement containing reactive magnesium oxide) is carried out. The assessment concludes that magnesia cements could be a more environmentally friendly alternative than ordinary Portland cement. In summary, this thesis shows that the current consumption trends are not sustainable. The large volumes of construction materials consumed annually may lead to irreversible changes in the natural environment. Alternatives to current practices urgently need to be found.
by Swati Chaturvedi.
S.M.
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Jones, R. Kyle. "Attentional scattering| how media multitasking and distraction impacts our secondary students." Thesis, University of Pennsylvania, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10116307.
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Although there is a large investment made in technology in our public and private schools each year, there has been comparatively little effort made into understanding the impact of that technology on our students. This study examines the relationship between student boredom, media multitasking, and distraction in an effort to understand the impact of media multitasking on our students. To examine this, a mixed methods design was utilized, consisting of a memory recall experiment, student interviews, and a survey instrument. This study found that laptops are preferred over iPads for both focus and academic reasons, and it discovered classroom environments and teaching methodologies that caused distraction to occur as well as strategies employed by students to attempt to overcome distraction. Ultimately, this study did not find an impact on academic performance as assessed by a memory recall experiment. As a result, this study contributes significant knowledge into technology distraction at the high school level as well as modifications that can help improve student focus.
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Dube, Juilan. "International new media coverage of the "arab springs": actors, technology and political impacts." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2013. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1297.
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This study examines the strengths and influence of International News Media Coverage in Politics as manifested in the “Arab Spring.” Key variables that shape global news coverage are examined with Western media institutions in particular being the focal point. The analytical agenda or purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between international news media and politics by evaluating news media coverage of protests, demonstrations and uprisings in Tunisia, Egypt, Libya and Syria, in an effort to determine how the Western media has shaped political views on those countries and other parts of the world using its technology, political principles and advantages. A case study analysis approach was used to explore the systemic factors that influence international news coverage and how these factors determine the volume and content of news that flows from various parts of the world. The researcher found that news coverage does not change the policy, but it does create the environment in which the policy is made and that the media remains crucial in focusing international attention on the Arab Spring, but they do not determine the policy, the key decisions, nor their implementations. The conclusion drawn from the findings suggests that although global news media is increasingly becoming a source of rapid real time information, it is used by politics to convey its ideological messages and propaganda.
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McLauchlan, Nathaniel Ross. "Crushed rock thermal energy storage & nuclear technology : option space & economic impacts." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/117794.
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Thesis: S.M. in Technology and Policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Institute for Data, Systems, and Society, 2018.Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2018.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged student-submitted from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 101-103).
Increasing amounts of intermittent renewables have led to zero and negative priced electricity at times of peak wind and solar production. The volatility added to the grid by renewables and low prices at peak production create a demand for flexible energy supply and present an opportunity for energy arbitrage. Nuclear reactors in the United States are inflexible when compared to fossil generators, and batteries may store energy at peak renewable production, albeit at a high capital cost. Thermal energy storage coupled to nuclear reactors may both increase nuclear flexibility and capitalize on price volatility, benefitting the economics for the struggling nuclear industry. This research maps the option space for constructing a crushed rock thermal energy storage (TES) system coupled to a light water reactor and employs a modification of the GenX capacity expansion model to evaluate the economic. Historic demand and renewable resource availability from ERCOT were used to illustrate the benefit of crushed rock TES with an increasingly restrictive CO₂ emission constraint. Parametric variations were used to address uncertainty in performance estimates. Crushed rock TES was found to be beneficial under favorable conditions, reducing the average price of electricity from $81/kWh (without TES) to $73/kWh (with TES) at a system marginal cost of $5/kWh-heat and emissions constraint of 100 g CO₂/kWh-electric, a nearly 10X reduction of current emissions. Unfavorable conditions resulted in a price reduction from $81/kWh to $78/kWh with the same cost estimates and carbon constraint. The investment cost of enabling the ability for nuclear generation to couple to crushed rock TES was also found to significantly affect the system's favorability and effect on electricity prices.
by Nathaniel Ross McLauchlan.
S.M. in Technology and Policy
S.M.
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Das, D. K., and S. G. Sonar. "Perspective impacts of information technology industry in development of Pune City in India." Journal for New Generation Sciences, Vol 11, Issue 3: Central University of Technology, Free State, Bloemfontein, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/643.
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Published ArticleThe emergence of Information Technology (IT) is increasingly influencing the socio-economic and physical landscape of cities. It has also resulted in development of predominantly IT based industrial cities. These cities have the opportunities and challenges with respect to the development of their socioeconomic, infrastructural and environmental conditions because of the influence of the IT based industrial activities. This article therefore pertains to the analysis of the perspective impacts of IT industry and allied activities on the development of an emerging IT industrial activity based city. For this purpose, Pune, an emerging IT city in India was considered as a case study. Survey research methodology and a system dynamics modelling approach were employed to measure the influential socio-economic, infrastructural and environmental parameters of the city by considering the city as a system. This research shows that the location of IT industry and associated functions contribute significantly towards the socio-economic development of a city in terms of IT industry export, State Gross Domestic Product (SGDP), per capita SGDP, employment generation, to name some relevant aspects. However, there would be a reduction in satisfaction level of the infrastructure and an increase in environmental stress in the system, which needs strategic attention. Further, the model results and scenarios can facilitate evolving of feasible policy and strategic guidelines for the wholesome development of such cities.
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Dube, Julian. "International news media coverage of the "Arab Spring": actors, technology and political impacts." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2013. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1285.
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This study examines the strengths and influence of International News Media Coverage in Politics as manifested in the "Arab Spring." Key variables that shape global news coverage are examined with Western media institutions in particular being the focal point. The analytical agenda or purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between international news media and politics by evaluating news media coverage of protests, demonstrations and uprisings in Tunisia, Egypt, Libya and Syria, in an effort to determine how the Western media has shaped political views on those countries and other parts of the world using its technology, political principles and advantages. A case study analysis approach was used to explore the systemic factors that influence international news coverage and how these factors determine the volume and content of news that flows from various parts of the world. The researcher found that news coverage does not change the policy, but it does create the environment in which the policy is made and that the media remains crucial in focusing international attention on the Arab Spring, but they do not determine the policy, the key decisions, nor their implementations. The conclusion drawn from the findings suggests that although global news media is increasingly becoming a source of rapid real time information, it is used by politics to convey its ideological messages and propaganda.
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Amaral, Luiz Fernando do. "ICT and agricultural development: the impacts of information and communication-technology on agriculture." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/101/101131/tde-04072017-113450/.
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Within a context of continuous population and economic growth, the future projections for agricultural products\' demand is impressive. At the same time, agriculture already exercises significant pressure on natural resources. As a consequence, the world needs to produce higher agricultural volumes while limiting agriculture\'s impacts on the environment. This thesis evaluates whether empirical indications exist that demonstrate how Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure development and usage could impact the sustainable development of agriculture. Drawing from the empirical literature on infrastructure\'s impacts on development, two statistical models are created. The first analyses impacts of Internet and mobile usage on cereal yields at a country level using Fixed Effects Panel Regression for 212 countries in five 5-year periods, from 1990 to 2014. The second uses a Propensity Score Matching Model to evaluate how the installation of 3G technology during the period between 2005 and 2009 in Brazilian municipalities located in the Amazon region affected deforestation. Based on the methodology and datasets used, results indicate that the growth of Internet users could have a positive impact on cereal productivity in a country. Results for mobile device users are inconclusive. Finally the second models indicate that municipalities in which 3G technology was installed had lower deforestation rates than similar municipalities lacking 3G technology.Em um contexto de crescimento populacional e econômico, as projeções de demanda para produtos agrícolas no futuro são expressivas. Ao mesmo tempo, a agricultura já exerce pressão significativa nos recursos naturais do planeta. Como consequência, é preciso obter maior oferta de produtos e, ao mesmo tempo, limitar o impacto ambiental da atividade agrícola. Essa tese avalia o papel da infraestrutura e uso de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) no desenvolvimento sustentável da agricultura. Baseando-se na literatura empírica sobre impacto de infraestrutura no desenvolvimento, dois modelos estatísticos foram criados. O primeiro analisa os impactos do uso de internet e telefones celulares na produtividade de cereais utilizando uma regressão em painel de efeitos fixos para 212 países no período entre 1990 e 2014. O segundo utiliza um modelo Propensity Score Matching para avaliar o impacto da instalação de tecnologia 3G no desmatamento de municipios localizados na região da Amazônia Legal brasileira. De acordo com a metodologia e dados utilizados, os resultados indicam que um crescimento no uso da internet pode positivamente impactar a produtividade de cereais em um país. Para o caso do uso de telefones celulares os resultados são inconclusivos. Finalmente, de acordo com o modelo, há indicações de que municipios que receberam a tecnologia 3G no período estudado tiveram taxas de desmatamento reduzidas quando comparadas a municipios similares que não receberam a tecnologia.
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Kostandini, Gentian. "Three Essays on Measuring the Ex-ante Economic Impacts of Agriculture Technology Innovations." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28090.
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This dissertation is comprised of three essays that generate methods to measure the ex-ante economic impacts of agriculture technology innovations. The first essay entitled â Valuing Intellectual Property Rights in an Imperfectly Competitive Market: A Biopharming Applicationâ presents a method for valuing the intellectual property rights (IPRs) for an innovation that lowers product production costs below those associated with the patented process of a monopolist. The application to Glucocerebrosidase enzyme from transgenic tobacco suggests an intellectual property rights (IPRs) value of about $1.75 billion. Despite the innovatorâ s market power, significant surplus gains also accrue to consumers. Further, U.S. antitrust laws that prohibit IPRs acquisition by the current monopolist increase consumer welfare by almost 50 percent.
The second essay entitled â Ex-Ante Analysis of the Benefits of Transgenic Drought Tolerance Research on Cereal Crops in Low-Income Countriesâ develops a framework to examine the ex-ante benefits of transgenic research on drought in eight low-income countries, including the benefits to producers and consumers from farm income stabilization and the potential magnitude of private sector profits from IPRs. The framework employs country-specific agroecological-drought risk zones and considers both yield increases and yield variance reductions when estimating producer and consumer benefits from research. Benefits from yield variance reductions are shown to be an important component of aggregate drought research benefits, representing 40 percent of total benefits across the eight countries. Further, estimated annual private sector benefits of $US 178 million suggest that significant incentives exist for private sector participation in transgenic drought tolerance research.
The third essay entitled â Ex-Ante Evaluation of Alternative Strategies to Increase the Stability of Cropping Systems in Eastern and Central Africaâ examines the ex-ante economic impact of transgenic drought resistance maize breeding and of conventional maize, millet and sorghum drought resistance breeding in Kenya, Uganda, and the Amhara region in Ethiopia. An expected utility framework is combined with a partial equilibrium model and a spatial drought risk zonation scheme to estimate benefits from mean yield increases and yield variance reductions at the market level as well as at the household level for maize, millet and sorghum producers in the administrative regions of each country. Results suggest that annual ex-ante benefits of $87 million, $6.8 million and $4.8 million can be generated from public sector conventional breeding research on maize, sorghum and millet, respectively. Private sector transgenic drought tolerance research may also generate substantial benefits of $97 million for maize producers and consumers, particularly through the reduction of yield variance arising from drought, and an additional $21 million as profits from intellectual property rights protection.Ph. D.
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Scott, Davidson Arthur. "Cost and performance impacts of optical amplifier technology on fiber-optic communication networks." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02162010-020236/.
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Loijos, Alex (Alexander Nikos). "Life cycle assessment of concrete pavements : impacts and opportunities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65431.
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Thesis (S.M. in Technology and Policy)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2011.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 118-121).
The concrete pavement network in the United States plays a crucial role in the economy by enabling the transport of people and goods, but it also leads to resource consumption and environmental impacts. This thesis is fundamentally motivated to reduce the impact that concrete pavements have on climate change. The principal methodology that is used is life cycle assessment (LCA), which comprehensively includes all five primary phases of the life cycle: materials extraction and production, pavement construction, pavement rehabilitation, the use phase, and end-of-life recycling and disposal. This work informs the reduction of life cycle greenhouse gases (GHGs) through a three-pronged approach to: 1) comprehensively quantify GHG emissions for structures representing all primary pavement types in the US, 2) establishes a benchmark for GHG emissions from all concrete pavements in the US constructed annually, and 3) identifies five reduction strategies and measures the GHG reduction that is obtainable through these strategies, both at the project-level for different road classes and at the national level. This provides a portfolio of GHG reduction options to national and regional policymakers, transportation agencies, and pavement engineers.
by Alex Loijos.
S.M.in Technology and Policy
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Panteloglou, Apostolos. "Malt induced premature yeast flocculation : its origins, detection and impacts upon fermentation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13142/.
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Premature yeast flocculation (PYF) is a sporadic problem encountered during industrial brewing fermentations. Current hypothesis states that factors, thought to arise from fungal infection of the barley in the field and/or the malt in the maltings cause yeast to flocculate prematurely and/or heavily before the depletion of the sugars in the wort. This results in poorly attenuated worts, with higher residual extract and lower ABV, flavor abnormalities (i.e. diacetyl, SO2), lower carbonation levels, disruption of process cycle times and potential issues with the re-use of the yeast in subsequent fermentations. Consequently, PYF generates significant financial and logistical problems both to the brewer and the maltster. In the current study a small-scale fermentation assay was developed and optimized to predict the PYF potential of malts, as well as to investigate the importance of yeast strain in the incidence and severity of the phenomenon. Furthermore, the impacts of the PYF factor(s) (i.e. arabinoxylans, antimicrobial peptides) on yeast fermentation performance and metabolite uptake were also studied, whilst the Biolog detection system was investigated as a potential rapid tool which to detect PYF. The results obtained suggested that our in-house assay can be successfully used to predict the PYF potential of malts 69 or 40 h post-pitching depending upon the yeast strain used. Whilst ale yeasts were not found susceptible to PYF, lager yeasts exhibited different degrees of susceptibility even to the same PYF factor(s). More specifically, the more flocculent lager yeast SMA was found to be more susceptible than the medium flocculent lager yeast W34/70. However, interestingly, the fermentation performance of a PYF+ wort could be significantly improved by using a non-flocculent and relatively insensitive to PYF lager yeast. It was also shown that worts with lower amount of glucose and maltose could be responsible for poor fermentation profiles and/or heavy PYF as well as elevated residual sugars and lower fermentability. The observation that linoleic acid (6 mg.l-1) exacerbated PYF (P = 0.047) and made its detection more rapid was found to be contrary to the “titration hypothesis” (Axcell et al., 2000) which hypothesized that the addition of fatty acids might “titrate” out antimicrobial peptides so that they can no longer bind to the yeast cells. High gravity fermentations with worts inducing PYF did not have a significant effect (P > 0.05) on yeast physiological characteristics or fermentation performance suggesting that the PYF+ sample used in this study was inducing PYF though the ‘bridging’ polysaccharide mechanism rather than through the antimicrobial peptides. The Biolog system can be used for the metabolic characterization of different flocculence lager yeasts incubated in different fermentation media, whilst wort composition had a significant effect in redox reduction reactions.
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Edström, Petter. "Overhead Impacts on Long-Term Evolution Radio Networks." Thesis, KTH, Kommunikationssystem, CoS, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-91991.
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As a result of the constant efforts to improve mobile system performance and spectral efficiency, the 3GPP standardization forum is currently defining new architectural and functional requirements that hope to ensure long-term evolution (specifically defined as the “Long-Term Evolution (LTE) concept”) and general future competitiveness of the 2G and 3G radio access technologies. Previous discussions on LTE efficiency have been focused on general assumptions on signaling overhead and overall system capacity, based on experience from existing mobile systems. However, as 3GPP standardization has become more mature (although not yet settled), there is a need to investigate how different potential LTE services will be affected by the use of available overhead information and basic scheduling algorithms. This thesis investigates the lower protocol layers’ overhead impacts on the downlink for different packet switched services, in an LTE radio access network (RAN). Results show that the use of RTP/TCP/IP header compression (ROHC) is the single most important factor to reduce payload overhead, for packet sizes of ~1kB or smaller. However, for packets larger than ~1 kB, the use of ROHC becomes insignificant. Protocol headers – including the AMR frame header, RLC/MAC headers, and CRC where applicable – remain the largest part of payload overhead regardless of packet size and header compression (ROHC). For VoIP over the UDP protocol (with ROHC), RLC/MAC headers constitute the largest part of protocol headers. For TCP/IP applications (without ROHC), TCP/IP headers are predominant. Services that require packet sizes beyond ~1 kB will require about the same power per payload bit regardless of percentage of payload overhead.Som ett resultat av ständiga ansträngningar att förbättra såväl prestanda som spektrumeffektivitet för mobila system, definierar 3GPPs standardiseringsforum nya krav på arkitektur och funktionalitet. Dessa är avsedda att säkerställa långsiktig utveckling (explicit definierat som konceptet “Long-Term Evolution (LTE)”, samt framtida konkurrenskraft för både 2G och 3G som radioaccess-teknologier. Tidigare diskussioner rörande effektivitet inom LTE har fokuserat på allmänna antaganden vad gäller kontrolldata för signallering och övergripande systemprestanda. Dessa har i sin tur baserats på erfarenheter från existerande mobilsystem. När standardiseringen inom 3GPP mognar uppstår nu ett behov av att undersöka hur olika tjänster inom LTE påverkas, av såväl hur man använder den kontrollinformation som finns tillgänglig, som av basala algoritmer for schemaläggning av resurser. Denna rapport undersöker påverkan från lägre protokoll-lagers kontrollinformation på nerlänken hos olika paket-kopplade tjänster inom ett radioaccessnät för LTE. Resultaten visar att användandet av ROHC (som packar kontrollinformation för protokollen RTP/TCP/IP), är det ensamt viktigaste bidraget till minskad kontrollinformation i relation till informationsbitar för paketstorlekar upp till c:a 1kB. För större paket är vinsten med ROHC dock försumbar. Kontrollinformation för protokoll – inkluderat data avsett för AMR-tal-ramen, RLC/MAC-protokollen, samt CRC – utgör för övrigt en stor del av kontrollinformationen relativt informationsbitar, oavsett paketstorlek och packning av kontrolldata. Tjänster som kräver paketstorlekar på över c:a 1 kB kräver uppskattningsvis samma mängd energi per informationsbit, oavsett andelen kontrollinformation.
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Leidy, Erin S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Modeling landslide occurrence and impacts in a changing climate." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/95583.
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Thesis: S.M. in Technology and Policy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 123-128).
In the coming years and decades, shifts in weather, population, land use, and other human factors are expected to have an impact on the occurrence and severity of landslides. A landslide inventory database from Switzerland is used to perform two types of analysis. The first presents a proof of concept for an analogue method of detecting the frequency in landslide activity with future climate change conditions. Instead of relying on modeled precipitation, it uses composites of atmospheric variables to identity the conditions that are associated with days on which a landslide occurred. The analogues are compared to relevant meteorological variables in MERRA reanalysis data to achieve a success rate of over 50% in matching observed landslide days within 7 days. The second analysis explores the effectiveness of machine learning as a technique to evaluate the likelihood of a slide to create high damage. The algorithm is tuned to accommodate unbalanced data, extraneous variables, and variance in voting to achieve the best predictive success. This method provides an efficient way of calculating vulnerability and identifying the spatial and temporal factors which influence it. The results are able to identify high damage landslides with a success of upwards of 70%. A machine-learning based model has the potential for use as a policy tool to identify areas of high risk.
by Erin Leidy.
S.M. in Technology and Policy
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De, Wet Pierre. "Financial impacts of changing technology on business case study : Hyflo Southern Africa (PTY) LTD." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/996.
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Thesis (MTech (Business Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005The era kno"n as the Industrial Revolution was a period in which fundamental changes occurred in agriculture, textile and metal manufacture, transportation, the social structure and economic policies. The large number of unskilled people provided cheap labour and was used as easy replaceable tools. Employees have since become companies' most expensive '''assets''. The Internet was originally designed for military applications. The US military wanted a network that could withstand a terrorist attack and stilI work if important communication areas had been destroyed. The Internet, also known as the giant network of networks, has become a major catalyst for electronic business. The Internet caused the shape of companies to change and the way they conduct business. For example the Intemet enabled companies to be run from home and changed the old companies' structures. Sending data via a network is a lot faster and less expensive than making a telephone call or sending a messenger. Businesses have become more dependent on the Internet to generate revenue. E-commerce refers to the buying and selling of goods and services on the Internet and reduces the cost of doing business. The down side is that companies are also more exposed to inherent security risks. New technology with old methods of working is also no longer feasible. Many clerical tasks disappear and both the job functions of staff and the supervisory functions and procedures change. Information technology (IT) is increasing productivity, and thus, for a given output, a smaller number of people are employed. Increasing numbers of workers are retrenched when still in mid-career because labour is a most expensive commodity. The reduction in overheads and improved response of modem administrative systems increase the opportunities for organisations of all sizes to compete on an international level.
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Wei, Xiaoping. "Assessing the Social Impacts of a Sustainable Technology: The Biogas Program in Rural China." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1420731804.
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Shen, Zixing. "It's About Time: The Temporal Impacts of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Groups." online version, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=case1225314504.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Case Western Reserve University, 2009.Department of Information Systems, [Weatherhead School of Management]. Includes bibliographical references. Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center.
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Sadashivappa, Prakash. "Adoption and impacts of transgenic Bt cotton technology in India a panel data approach." Göttingen Cuvillier, 2009. http://d-nb.info/997984007/04.
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Pitcher, Paige(Paige Marie). "Hit the deck : impacts of autonomous vehicle technology on parking and commercial real estate." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113471.
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Thesis: S.M. in Real Estate Development, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in conjunction with the Center for Real Estate, 2017Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 54-60).
The United States has a large supply of parking and with the adoption of autonomous vehicles, the demand for these spaces could change dramatically. Parking is among the most prevalent land uses occupying up to 31% of urban area. It is estimated that there are 3.4 to 8 parking spaces for each car in the US yielding 800 million to 2 billion spaces that could cover an area the size of West Virginia (Chester, Horvath, & Madanat, 2010). With fully autonomous vehicles expected on the consumer market by 2020, the $30 billion parking industry will experience enormous changes as cars evolve. This thesis models the effects of autonomous vehicles on the financial performance of urban parking garages. The future of parking and autonomous vehicles will be anything but smooth or certain, and this work harnesses the power of uncertainty through repeated random number simulation in financially modeling autonomous vehicles' impacts on parking garages. The results indicate that parking in the short term is a risky investment and in the longer term may not be a viable asset. As the only class of real estate explicitly built for vehicles, they have a high degree of exposure to changes created by autonomous vehicles. This is illustrated by significantly negative net present values and minimal returns of the simulation outputs. This exposure will continue to grow as the stock of parking spaces increases with minimum parking requirements for new construction. Recommendations from this research would be to limit new supply of parking to allow for greater utilization of existing stock, more beneficial use of urban land, and better use of construction and financial resources.
by Paige Pitcher.
S.M. in Real Estate Development
S.M.inRealEstateDevelopment Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Real Estate Development in conjunction with the Center for Real Estate
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Hardwicke, Alexander. "Performance impacts of profiling multi-threaded applications with flexible analysis tools." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20723.
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Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur användningen av profilers påverkade prestandan hos flertrådade applikationer. Studien genomfördes inom ramen för ett projekt med Edument AB som skapat en av de profilers som undersökts i studien. Mer specifikt så syftade studien till att ta reda på vilken ytterligare CPU-tid och RAM som användes och hur mycket längre tid det tog att exekvera en flertrådad applikation vid användningen av profilers. Uppsatsens hypotes var att valet av data som varje profiler registrerade skulle påverka prestanda, och att de som registrerade fler detaljer om applikationen skulle ha störst påverkan.Fem profilers valdes ut med olika egenskaper och funktioner och en testapplikation skrevs för att simulera en flertrådad applikation. En minimalistisk applikation skrevs också och användes för att registrera varje profilers påverkan på RAM och CPU, samt hur testapplikationen påverkades av profilern. Alltså, varje profiler har var för sig blivit profilerad för att försäkra att samma data konsekvent samlats in.Resultaten visade att valet av profiler kan ha stor påverkan på den profilerade applikationens prestanda. Användningen av en av profilerna ledde till att testapplikationen tog 513% så lång tid att exekvera och lade också till 1400% ytterligare RAM-användning. Efter en analys av insamlade data verkade det finnas ett samband mellan de funktioner som varje profiler erbjöd och påverkan på applikationens prestanda vilket stämmer överens med uppsatsens hypotes.The aim of this study was to investigate how the use of profilers impacted the performance of multi-threaded applications. This study was undertaken in the framework of a project for Edument AB, creators of one of the profilers investigated in this study. Specifically, the study aimed to find out what additional overhead can result in profiling multi-threaded applications, with regards to CPU use, memory use, and additional time taken to complete execution. The paper hypothesised that the selection of data that each profiler recorded would impact the performance, with those that recorded a very large amount of detail about the application being profiled would introduce a higher overhead.A selection of five profilers was made, each profiler offering a range of features and functionality, and a test application was written to simulate a multi-threaded application. A very lightweight application, referred to as the monitoring application, was also written which recorded the overhead each profiler used, along with the overhead of the test application and the time taken to run. Essentially, each profiler was itself profiled by the monitoring application, ensuring consistent overhead data was gathered for each profiler.The results of the study showed that the choice of profiler can have a substantial impact on the performance of the application being profiled. One profiler resulted in execution of the test application taking 513% as much time to run, and adding an overhead of 1400% memory use. After analysing this data, there appeared to be a correlation between what features the profilers recorded and the overhead, consistent with the hypothesis put forward at the beginning of the study.
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McGowan, Michael T. "Perceptions of Associates to Embrace Technology Used in Teams in the Workplace." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1538780/.
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This study explores employees' desire to embrace both a legacy operating system and a new workflow engine utilized in the workplace. The goal is to better understand the partnership and relationship the users build with the technologies and how that impacts usage behavior. The research is centered on a mixed-method case study using survey and episodic interview techniques of data collection. Models and methodologies providing the foundation for this study include Venkatesh and Davis's technology acceptance model 2 (TAM 2) and Venkatesh, Morris, Davis, and Davis' unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model, coupled loosely with concepts from Brooks and Atkinson's StructurANTion Theory. A new, adapted model is created to capture and understand the anthropomorphic characteristics users apply to the technology. This study yields important information for the future theoretical frameworks as elements such as trust and control, and descriptive variables like age and tenure have not factored into existing theoretical frameworks and models. Users can often anthropomorphize technology, viewing it as part of the social team to help improve their work. Through this lens, users expect information systems to be controllable and trustworthy to respond to their needs both alone and within the function of the team.
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Yuen, Kai-tong Woody. "Impacts of technologies on job and job holders : a case study on Cathay Pacific Airways /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18840152.
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Odeyinka, Henry Agboola. "The development and validation of models for assessing risk impacts on construction cash flow forecast." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289428.
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OLIVEIRA, MARCIO M. M. de. "Sustentabilidade socioambiental em complexos industriais - um estudo de caso em Minas Gerais." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2013. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10582.
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Dissertação (Mestrado)
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Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
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McKinley, Stephen Peter. "Physical chemical processes and environmental impacts associated with home composting." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/73701/.
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This thesis reports on experimental and modelling work carried out in order to make quantitative estimates on the environmental impacts of home composting. The focus of the work was climate relevant gaseous emissions, and developing and utilising a methodology for quantifying them. Experiments using 220L open bottomed home compost bins, alongside purpose built 200L composting reactors with airflow control were performed. A variety of composting conditions were tested, using different compositions of garden and kitchen wastes. The experiments were monitored for headspace gas composition, including CO2, O2, NH3, N2O, CH4 and volatile organic compounds, as well as temperature, humidity, moisture and solids losses and pH. From the CO2 emission rates calculated from the reactor experiments, theoretical analysis and modelling and airflow pathway tests on home compost bins, it was concluded that molecular diffusion, rather than bulk convective flow, is the dominant gas transfer mechanism from home compost bins. There were no detected emissions of N2O but emissions of NH3 up to 16 g/T feed. Only a few cases of CH4 emission were detected, typically in the first 2-3 days following a feed addition, with the highest single concentration measured at 86 ppm within the headspace. The total anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions from home composting were estimated as between 3 and 12 Kg CO2E/Tw with almost 90% coming from the lifecycle of the compost bin. This compares with between 20 and 56 Kg CO2E/Tw from centralised facilities, at least more than double that for home composting. Total anthropogenic CO2-equivalent emissions from home composting in the UK in 2008 were estimated to be in the region of 7 thousand tonnes CO2E.
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Nam, Kyung-min. "Impacts of information technologies on regional structure focusing on the case of South Korea /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://books.google.com/books?id=NO1OAAAAMAAJ.
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