Journal articles: 'Impala Impala Impala'

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Liu, Ting, and Margaret Martonosi. "Impala." ACM SIGPLAN Notices 38, no. 10 (October 2003): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/966049.781516.

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O'Kane, Christopher A. J., Kevin J. Duffy, Bruce R. Page, and David W. Macdonald. "Heavy impact on seedlings by the impala suggests a central role in woodland dynamics." Journal of Tropical Ecology 28, no. 3 (April 12, 2012): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646741200017x.

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Abstract:Research has increasingly established that mesoherbivores influence the regeneration of woody plants. However the relationship between mesoherbivore density and degree of impact, and the spatial component of this impact, has not been well established. Using a novel sampling design, we assessed in iMfolozi Park, South Africa, the impact of impala (Aepyceros melampus) across the full complement of woody species within the home range, evaluating its spatial component and relationship to impala density. We used four GPS collars, in separate breeding herds, and a GIS to detect zones of different density of impala in the landscape, thus defining a fine-grain browsing gradient. We assessed impact on woody recruits (≤ 0.5 m height) across this gradient by means of 1600 random 1 × 1-m quadrats. Densities of woody seedlings, and mean percentage of remaining canopy, were significantly less in areas of high impala density versus low-density areas. There was a significant correlation between increasing impala density and decreasing density of favoured woody recruits. We propose a hypothesis of impala-induced patch dynamics. It seems likely that the ubiquitous impala may create and sustain a shifting mosaic of patches, and thus function as a key determinant of landscape heterogeneity.

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Caro, Tim. "Leaping in impala." African Journal of Ecology 46, no. 1 (March 2008): 105–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2007.00773.x.

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Needham, Tersia, Retha A. Engels, and Louwrens C. Hoffman. "Sensory Characteristics of Male Impala (Aepyceros melampus) Meat, Produced under Varying Production Systems and Nutrition." Foods 10, no. 3 (March 15, 2021): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10030619.

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The objective of this study was to determine the influence of three production systems (intensive, semi-extensive and extensive) with differing nutrition on the descriptive sensory and fatty acid profiles of sub-adult (±15–18 months old) male impala longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscles. The discriminant analysis plot showed that extensively produced impala had a sensory profile distinct from the intensive and semi-extensive system impala. Extensively produced impala had the highest sensory ratings for overall intensity, gamey, beef-like, herbaceous, and sweet-associated aroma and flavor of their meat. The intensive and semi-extensive system impala did not differ for most of the sensory attributes, except for higher ratings for gamey flavor, liver-like flavor, tenderness and mealiness, and lower ratings for residue found in semi-extensive system impala. The overall aroma and flavor intensities of impala meat in general had strong positive correlations with gamey, beef-like, herbaceous, and sweet-associated aromas and flavors; however, marketing should be adjusted depending on the nutrition received by the impala, to allow consumers to select their preferential sensory profile. Impala meat from all three production systems had low fat contents (<2%), and desirable fatty acid profiles.

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Needham, Tersia, Retha A. Engels, Daniel Bureš, Radim Kotrba, Berndt J. van Rensburg, and Louwrens C. Hoffman. "Carcass Yields and Physiochemical Meat Quality of Semi-extensive and Intensively Farmed Impala (Aepyceros melampus)." Foods 9, no. 4 (April 3, 2020): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9040418.

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The effects of sex and production systems on carcass yield, meat quality and proximate composition of sub-adult impala were evaluated by culling 35 impala from intensive (12 males) and semi-extensive (12 males and 11 females) production systems within the same game farm. While no sexual dimorphism was found for carcass weights, male impala had a higher dressing percentage than females, indicating a higher meat production potential. Few differences were observed for yields between the male impala from the different production systems, but physical meat quality parameters indicated possible stress for those kept intensively. Minor differences existed in physiochemical parameters between various impala muscles for the two sexes and production systems, providing little motivation for these factors to be considered when processing sub-adult impala carcasses. Impala meat from both sexes, all muscles and all production systems produced meat with shear force values below 43 N, and thus may be considered as tender. Furthermore, the proximate composition of all impala meat in this study ranged from 74.7 to 77.0 g/100g moisture, 20.7 to 23.5 g/100g protein, 1.2 to 2.2 g/100g fat and 1.1 to 1.3 g/100g ash content. These values compare favorably to other game species, indicating that impala meat may serve as a lean protein source.

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Villalba, François, Marc-Henri Lebrun, Aurélie Hua-Van, Marie-Josée Daboussi, and Marie-Claire Grosjean-Cournoyer. "Transposon impala, a Novel Tool for Gene Tagging in the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe grisea." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 14, no. 3 (March 2001): 308–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.2001.14.3.308.

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impala, a Tc1-mariner transposable element from Fusarium oxysporum, was introduced into the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea to develop transposon-based insertional mutagenesis. A construct (pNIL160) containing an autonomous impala copy inserted in the promoter of niaD encoding Aspergillus nidulans nitrate reductase was introduced by transformation into a M. grisea nitrate reductase-deficient mutant. impala excision was monitored by restoration of prototrophy for nitrate. Southern analysis of niaD+ revertants revealed that impala was able to excise and reinsert at new loci in M. grisea. As observed for its host Fusarium oxysporum, impala inserted at a TA site left a typical excision footprint of 5 bp. We have shown that a defective impala copy was inactive in M. grisea, yet it can be activated by a functional impala transposase. A transformant carrying a single copy of pNIL160 was used to generate a collection of 350 revertants. Mutants either altered for their mycelial growth (Rev2) or nonpathogenic (Rev77) were obtained. Complementation of Rev77 with a 3-kb genomic fragment from a wild-type locus was successful, demonstrating the tagging of a pathogenicity gene by impala. This gene, called ORP1, is essential for penetration of host leaves by M. grisea and has no sequence homology to known genes.

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Benford, Steve, Muffy Calder, Tom Rodden, and Michele Sevegnani. "On Lions, Impala, and Bigraphs." ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 23, no. 2 (May 28, 2016): 1–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2882784.

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Koelewijn-van Loon, Marije, and Ben van Steenkiste. "IMPALA: cardiovasculair risicomanagement door praktijkondersteuners." Tijdschrift voor praktijkondersteuning 6, no. 3 (June 2011): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12503-011-0046-x.

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Zanotti, Michele G. S., Jildete K. Santos, Kledna C. P. Reis, Elza F. Araújo, Onkar Dev Dhingra, and Marisa V. Queiroz. "Distribuição do elemento transponível impala em isolados de fusarium oxysporum patogênicos e não-patogênicos ao feijoeiro." Fitopatologia Brasileira 30, no. 3 (June 2005): 244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-41582005000300005.

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A variabilidade genética de 20 isolados de Fusarium oxysporum, nove não-patogênicos e 11 patogênicos ao feijoeiro (Phaseouls vulgaris), foi determinada com base na distribuição do elemento transponível impala. A presença de impala das subfamílias D e E foi determinada por experimentos de PCR, empregando oligonucleotídeos específicos para cada subfamília. Foi observada a presença de representantes das duas subfamílias na maioria dos isolados, sugerindo, portanto, que impala é um antigo componente do genoma de F. oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli. A hibridização do DNA total de cada isolado, clivado com a enzima EcoRI, com um fragmento do elemento impala da subfamíla E, mostrou uma variação nos padrões de bandas dos isolados não-patogênicos, indicando a possível atividade desses elementos. No entanto, no caso dos isolados patogênicos, foram observados padrões de bandas mais homogêneas e alguns isolados apresentaram o mesmo perfil de bandas, indicando que se trata de cópias de impala que, possivelmente, não são mais capazes de sofrer transposição. Estas cópias inativas são excelentes marcadores genéticos. Um dos isolados patogênicos, Fus4, não apresentou cópias endógenas de impala, o que torna esse isolado um candidato para experimentos de mutagênese insercional usando o vetor pNI160, que possui o elemento impala ativo interrompendo o gene niaD, que codifica a enzima nitrato redutase.

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Mandinyenya, Bob, Norman Monks, Peter J. Mundy, Allan Sebata, and Albert Chirima. "Habitat use by a mixed feeder: impala Aepyceros melampus in a heterogeneous protected area." Journal of Tropical Ecology 34, no. 6 (November 2018): 378–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646741800038x.

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Abstract:Although large herbivore habitat use has been extensively studied, more information is still required on the use of heterogeneous vegetation types. Over 3 y we carried out monthly road transects in the Zambezi National Park (ZNP), Zimbabwe, to determine the impala density in each of five vegetation types. In addition we determined grass and browse chemical composition to test if at the time the impala switches from grass to browse, grass nutritive quality had declined below that of browse. Furthermore, grass height was measured in the five vegetation types. The impala used mixed, acacia and terminalia vegetation types, which constituted 37% of the protected area and avoided grassland and the predominant Zambezi teak (60% of ZNP) vegetation types. At the time of the diet switch by the impala from grass to browse, woody plant leaf nutritive quality was higher than grass in terms of nitrogen, calcium and acid detergent fibre content. The three vegetation types used by the impala had short to medium grass height. We concluded that when the impala switched from grass to browse the grass nutritive quality was lower than that of the browse.

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Bommel, Frans P. J. van, Ignas M. A. Heitkönig, Gerrit F. Epema, Sue Ringrose, Casper Bonyongo, and Elmar M. Veenendaal. "Remotely sensed habitat indicators for predicting distribution of impala (Aepyceros melampus) in the Okavango Delta, Botswana." Journal of Tropical Ecology 22, no. 1 (December 21, 2005): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467405002932.

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We studied the spatial and temporal habitat use of impala in Botswana's Okavango Delta at landscape level with the aid of satellite imagery, with minimal fieldwork. We related remotely sensed vegetation to impala habitat preferences, by first distinguishing three vegetation types through a multi-temporal classification, and dividing these into subclasses on the basis of their Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). This indicator for abundance and greenness of biomass was assessed for wet and dry season separately. Similarly, habitat use was assessed for both seasons by allocating vegetation classes to bimonthly impala observations. Impala distribution patterns coincided with NDVI-based subclasses of the landscape, nested within broad vegetation types, to which impala did not show a marked seasonal response. We suggest that this methodology, using limited field data, offers a functional habitat classification for sedentary herbivores, which appears particularly valuable for application in extensive areas with high spatial variability, but with restricted access.

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van der Meer, Esther, Hervé Fritz, and Olivier Pays. "Anti-predator behaviour of kudu and impala in response to mimicked African wild dog presence: do age and sex matter?" Behaviour 152, no. 9 (2015): 1209–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003275.

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Predators not only prey upon certain prey species, but also on certain age–sex classes within species. Predation risk and an individual’s response to this risk might therefore vary with an individual’s characteristics. We examined the proportion of time different age–sex classes of kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) and impala (Aepyceros melampus) spent high quality vigilant (costly vigilance that detracts from all other activities) in response to mimicked predation risk by African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus). For both species predation risk was the main factor determining the investment in high quality vigilance behaviour. Age–sex class-specific responses were not related to age–sex class specific lethality risk presented by African wild dogs. For impala, regardless of predation risk, age seemed to have some effect on the investment in high quality vigilance with sub-adult impala spending more time high quality vigilant than adult impala, which is possibly why African wild dogs predominantly preyed upon adult impala.

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Hart, Benjamin L., and Lynette A. Hart. "Reciprocal allogrooming in impala, Aepyceros melampus." Animal Behaviour 44, no. 6 (December 1992): 1073–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-3472(05)80319-7.

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HART, LYNETTE A., and BENJAMIN L. HART. "Autogrooming and Social Grooming in Impala." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 525, no. 1 Neural Mechan (May 1988): 399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb38625.x.

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Mooring, Michael S., and Benjamin L. Hart. "Reciprocal Allogrooming in Wild Impala Lambs." Ethology 103, no. 8 (April 26, 2010): 665–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1997.tb00177.x.

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Pilsbury, Simon. "The Impala Decision: An Economic Critique." European Competition Journal 3, no. 1 (January 2007): 31–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17441056.2007.11428449.

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BASTOS, A. D. S., C. I. BOSHOFF, D. F. KEET, R. G. BENGIS, and G. R. THOMSON. "Natural transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus between African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) and impala (Aepyceros melampus) in the Kruger National Park, South Africa." Epidemiology and Infection 124, no. 3 (June 2000): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268899004008.

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VP1 gene sequences of SAT-2 type foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) viruses recovered from impala and African buffalo in the Kruger National Park (KNP) were used to determine intra- and interspecies relationships of viruses circulating in these wildlife populations. On this basis five distinct lineages of SAT-2 virus were identified in routine sampling of oesophageo-pharyngeal epithelium from buffalo between 1988 and 1996. Different lineages were associated with discrete geographic sampling localities. Over the period 1985–95, four unrelated epizootics occurred in impala in defined localities within the KNP. Evidence for natural transmission of FMD between buffalo and impala is presented for the most recent 1995 outbreak, with data linking the 1985 and 1988/9 impala epizootics to viruses associated with specific buffalo herds.

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O'Kane, Christopher A. J., Bruce R. Page, and David W. Macdonald. "Differing influences of resource availability on the demographics and habitat selection of wildebeest compared with impala." Journal of Tropical Ecology 30, no. 3 (April 22, 2014): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467414000133.

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Abstract:Although what drives the abundance and habitat selection of ungulates is a long-standing question, coherent datasets investigating the influences of rainfall, competition and fire on ungulates are unusual. Over 4 y we carried out extensive monthly road transects in Ithala Game Reserve, South Africa, to determine the demographics and habitat occupancy of the region's prevalent grazer (wildebeest) and mixed-feeder (impala). Habitat occupancy was determined using a GIS-based approach. We obtained 8742 sighting records, encompassing 8400 wildebeest and 10071 impala. Annual rainfall did not significantly correlate with population sizes of either species. Fecundity of wildebeest, but not of impala, showed a significant positive relationship with rainfall specifically over the perinatal period (November–December), whilst no significant relationships were found for either species between fecundity and rainfall over the previous year, 2 y, rut (February–April) or height of the dry season (June–August). Impala unexpectedly favoured browse habitats to grassland year round, probably consequent on competition for grass with wildebeest. Dry-season grass flushes attracted both wildebeest and impala. The study emphasized how rainfall, competition and fire regimes may affect differently grazers compared with mixed-feeders.

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Victor Kurauwone, Muposhi, Muvengwi Justice, Utete Beven, Kupika Olga, Chiutsi Simon, and Tarakini Tawanda. "Activity Budgets of Impala (Aepyceros melampus) in Closed Environments: The Mukuvisi Woodland Experience, Zimbabwe." International Journal of Biodiversity 2013 (May 30, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/270454.

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Activity pattern plasticity in ungulates serves as an evolutionary adaptation to optimize fitness in inconsistent environments. Given that time is a limited and valuable resource for foraging wildlife species, provisioning and attraction may affect the activity pattern plasticity and reduce complexities of time partitioning for different activities by impala in closed environments. We assessed activity budgets of free-ranging impala social groups in a closed environment. Social group type had an influence on the activity budgets of impala except for foraging and moving activity states. Both the harem and bachelor groups spent more than 30% of their daily time foraging. Bachelor groups spent more time exhibiting vigilance tendencies than the harem groups. Season influenced the activity budgets of social groups other than vigilance and foraging activity states. Foraging time was highly correlated with vigilance, resting, and grooming. We concluded that provisioning and attraction may have reduced the influence of seasonality on the proportion of time spent on different activity states by impala social groups. There is a need to establish long-term socioecological, physiological, and reproductive consequences of provisioning and habituation on impala under closed environments.

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Migheli, Quirico, Christian Steinberg, Jean-Michel Davière, Chantal Olivain, Catherine Gerlinger, Nadine Gautheron, Claude Alabouvette, and Marie-Josée Daboussi. "Recovery of Mutants Impaired in Pathogenicity After Transposition of Impala in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis." Phytopathology® 90, no. 11 (November 2000): 1279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2000.90.11.1279.

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The ability of transposon impala to inactivate genes involved in pathogenicity was tested in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis. Somatic excision of an impala copy inserted in the nitrate reductase-encoding niaD gene was positively selected through a phenotypic assay based on the restoration of nitrate reductase activity. Independent excision events were analyzed molecularly and shown to carry reinsertedimpala in more than 70% of the cases. Mapping of reinserted impala elements on large NotI-restriction fragments showed that impala transposes randomly. By screening 746 revertants on plants, a high proportion (3.5%) of mutants impaired in their pathogenic potential was recovered. According to the kinetics of wilt symptom development, the strains that were impaired in pathogenicity were clustered in three classes: class 1 grouped two strains that never induced Fusarium wilt symptoms on the host plant; class 2 and class 3 grouped 15 and 9 revertants which caused symptoms more than 50 and 30 days after inoculation, respectively. The first results demonstrate the efficiency of transposition in generating mutants affected in pathogenicity, which are usually difficult to obtain by classical mutagenesis, and open the possibility to clone the altered genes with impala as a tag.

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Mramba, Rosemary P., Harry P. Andreassen, and Christina Skarpe. "Browsing and plant traits in nutrient-rich and nutrient-poor savannas in Tanzania." Journal of Tropical Ecology 33, no. 5 (September 2017): 327–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646741700030x.

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Abstract:Environmental productivity is important in determining defensive or tolerance traits of plants, with nutrient-rich savannas showing tolerance and nutrient-poor showing defence traits. Animals are affected differently by such traits due to differences in size, and other characters. We studied differences in browsing as a response to plant traits by elephant, giraffe and impala in Mikumi, a nutrient-poor savanna, and Serengeti, a nutrient-rich savanna, both in Tanzania, for a total of 4 mo; 2 mo at each site. Browsing time on a plant, species and height browsed were recorded. Spinesence reduced biting rate by elephant in Serengeti to 3.8 bites min−1, compared with 4.7 without spines, but had no effect on impala or giraffe. Leaf size affected biting rate by giraffe, decreasing with size in Serengeti from 19.8 bites min−1 to 17.4 bites min−1, increasing in Mikumi, from 17.7 to 19.5 bites min−1, but did not differ in elephant and impala. Biting rate by elephant in Serengeti decreased with browsing height from 0.6 m to 4.2 m and by impala in Mikumi decreased from 0.25 m to 1.5 m, while that of giraffe in Mikumi increased with browsing height, peaking at 4.2 m. The effect was comparable for elephant and impala.

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Wronski, T., J. D. Bariyanga, A. Apio, and M. Plath. "Interactions between wildlife, humans and cattle: activity patterns of a remnant population of impala on the degraded Mutara Rangelands, Rwanda." Rangeland Journal 37, no. 4 (2015): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj15025.

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Large- to medium-sized African ungulates are often studied in conservation areas, ignoring the fact that most African landscapes are nowadays heavily impacted by agricultural and pastoralist practices. The present study emphasises the wealth of information obtained from studying a remnant population of a medium-sized ungulate, the impala (Aepyceros melampus), on degraded rangelands in Rwanda. Compared with impala occurring under similar climatic conditions in Serengeti National Park in Tanzania, the study population showed a marked reduction in daytime activity, absence of a mid-day resting phase, and a slight increase in activity towards the late afternoon. This pattern was not directly correlated with daily variation in human activity. It is argued that hunting/poaching leads impala to seek shelter to such a degree that any daytime rhythmicity in activity patterns is lost and that increased afternoon activity reflects a shifted cost-benefit ratio of hiding versus foraging, as hungry individuals are more likely to take risks. Indeed, impala were more likely to encounter cattle herds and their herdsmen towards the afternoon. The study augments understanding of behavioural flexibility, potential for habituation and adaptation to human-induced habitat alterations in impala and highlights a possible function of rangelands as dispersal corridors for African wildlife populations.

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Tummalapalli, Sahithi, and Venkata rao Machavarapu. "Managing Mysql Cluster Data Using Cloudera Impala." Procedia Computer Science 85 (2016): 463–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2016.05.193.

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Kohn, Tertius A., Brian Kritzinger, Louw C. Hoffman, and Kathryn H. Myburgh. "Characteristics of impala (Aepyceros melampus) skeletal muscles." Meat Science 69, no. 2 (February 2005): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.07.007.

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Beine, Michel, Brian B. Burgoon, Mary Crock, Justin Gest, Michael Hiscox, Patrick McGovern, Hillel Rapoport, and Eiko Thielemann. "Measuring Immigration Policies: Preliminary Evidence from IMPALA." CESifo Economic Studies 61, no. 3-4 (April 17, 2015): 527–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cesifo/ifu038.

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Ma, Jiaoyang, Ling Chen, Mingqi Lv, Yi Yang, Yuliang Zhao, Yong Wu, and Jingchang Wang. "Logical query optimization for Cloudera Impala system." Journal of Systems and Software 125 (March 2017): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2016.11.038.

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Tohe, Laura. "Blue Impala, and: Dancing Under the Stars." Cream City Review 38, no. 1 (2014): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ccr.2014.0011.

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Huruba, Rangarirai, Peter J. Mundy, Allan Sebata, Gianetta K. Purchase, and Duncan N. MacFadyen. "Impala, Aepyceros melampus: does browse quality influence their use of sites originally utilised as short-duration kraals in a southern African savanna?" Rangeland Journal 39, no. 2 (2017): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj16016.

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In eastern and southern Africa, some ranch owners are now keeping cattle overnight in temporary corrals (hereafter referred to as kraals) within rangelands for short durations to improve grass production. However, this has profound effects on the woody plant community. For instance, cattle break woody plant stems and strip them of foliage, initiating resprouting. The resprouts produced have high foliar nitrogen (N) and reduced condensed tannin (CT) concentrations, making them attractive to herbivores. The aim of this study was to determine the key nutrient-quality parameters of resprouts that make previously kraaled sites attractive to impala soon after cattle removal at Debshan Ranch in central Zimbabwe. We determined resprout length, foliar N, phosphorus (P), potassium, CT, fibre and rumen fermentation of three browse species, viz. Grewia monticola Sond., Terminalia sericea Burch. ex DC. and Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight and Arn., and related them to impala use of previously kraaled sites. We used impala dung density to determine the use patterns of previously kraaled sites 2, 4, 12 and 24 weeks after cattle removal and compared them with the surrounding vegetation. Impala use of previously kraaled sites was highest 4 weeks after cattle removal and lowest in the surrounding vegetation. Resprout length increments were 6-fold over a 10-week growth period in all three woody species. Foliar N and P were generally higher, whereas CT was lower, in previously kraaled sites than the surrounding vegetation in all three of the plant browse species. Impala use of previously kraaled sites showed a strong negative relationship with foliar CT. We conclude that kraaling initiates strong resprout responses by woody plants soon after cattle removal, to produce resprouts of high nutrient quality, which attract herbivores such as impala.

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Musilová, J., J. Bystrická, J. Tomáš, Z. Poláková, and S. Melicháčová. "Changes of Vitamin C Content in Relation to the Range of Accumulation of Cd, Pb and Zn in Potato Tubers." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 27, Special Issue 1 (June 24, 2009): S192—S194. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/614-cjfs.

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The changes of vitamin C content in relation to Cd, Pb and Zn accumulation in 6 potatoes varieties: very early (Junior, Impala), early (Livera), middle early (Agria), medium-late (Asterix, Desirée) were surveyed in this work. The soil used in pot trial had pseudototal (in soil extract of <I>aqua regia</i) contents of Cd 0.54–0.9, Pb 14.0–107.2, Zn 47.9–55.8 mg/kg. Experiment was conducted in 4 variants: A – control, B–D with the gradual treatment of Cd, Pb, and Zn in form on their salts solutions. The metals content in potatoes was assessed by AAS, vitamin C by HPLC method. The accumulation Cd, Pb, Zn varied in dependence on variety, the highest one was in varieties Junior, Impala; the lowest one in Asterix, Desirée. The vitamin C content (mg/kg f.m.) was highest after Cd treatment in all varieties in variant D: 491.46 (Junior) – 566.27 (Asterix); after Pb in variant B: Impala (101.51) – Desirée (157.31), after Zn in variant C: Impala (78.80) – Desirée (143.41).

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Osthoff, Gernot, Arnold Hugo, Moses Madende, Lauren Schmidt, Sibusiso Kobeni, and Francois Deacon. "Milk Composition of Free-Ranging Impala (Aepyceros melampus) and Tsessebe (Damaliscus lunatus lunatus), and Comparison with Other African Bovidae." Animals 11, no. 2 (February 17, 2021): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020516.

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The major nutrient and fatty acid composition of the milk of impala and tsessebe is reported and compared with other Bovidae and species. The proximate composition of impala milk was 5.56 ± 1.96% fat, 6.60 ± 0.51% protein, and 4.36 ± 0.94% lactose, and that of tsessebe milk was 8.44 ± 3.19%, 5.15 ± 0.49%, and 6.10 ± 3.85%, respectively. The high protein content of impala milk accounted for 42% of gross energy, which is typical for African Bovids that use a “hider” postnatal care system, compared to the 25% of the tsessebe, a “follower”. Electrophoresis showed that the molecular size and surface charge of the tsessebe caseins resembled that of other Alcelaphinae members, while that of the impala resembled that of Hippotraginae. The milk composition of these two species was compared by statistical methods with 13 other species representing eight suborders, families, or subfamilies of African Artiodactyla. This showed that the tsessebe milk resembled that of four other species of the Alcelaphinae sub-family and that the milk of this sub-family differs from other Artiodactyla by its specific margins of nutrient contents and milk fat with a high content of medium-length fatty acids (C8–C12) above 17% of the total fatty acids.

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31

PILSBURY, SIMON. "THE IMPALA DECISION: AN ECONOMIC CRITIQUE." European Competition Journal 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2007): 31–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5235/ecj.v3n1.31.

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32

Jarman, P. J. "The development of a dermal shield in impala." Journal of Zoology 166, no. 3 (August 20, 2009): 349–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1972.tb03104.x.

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33

Green, Wendy C. H., and Aron Rothstein. "Translocation, Hybridization, and the Endangered Black-Faced Impala." Conservation Biology 12, no. 2 (July 7, 2008): 475–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.1998.96424.x.

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34

Green, Wendy C. H., and Aron Rothstein. "Translocation, Hybridization, and the Endangered Black-Faced Impala." Conservation Biology 12, no. 2 (April 26, 1998): 475–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1998.96424.x.

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35

Chen, Ling, Yuliang Zhao, Yi Yang, Mingqi Lv, Donghui Chen, Yong Wu, and Jingchang Wang. "A query execution scheduling scheme for Impala system." Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience 30, no. 8 (December 11, 2017): e4392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpe.4392.

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36

CONNOR, RICHARD C. "Impala allogrooming and the parcelling model of reciprocity." Animal Behaviour 49, no. 2 (February 1995): 528–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1995.0070.

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37

MOORING, MICHAEL S., and BENJAMIN L. HART. "Costs of allogrooming in impala: distraction from vigilance." Animal Behaviour 49, no. 5 (May 1995): 1414–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anbe.1995.0175.

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38

EPELU-OPIO, J., F. I. B. KAYANJA, R. T. MUWAZI, G. M. MUWANGA, and E. M. E. BUKENYA. "Oviduct of the impala, Aepyceros melampus (Lichtenstein, 1812)." African Journal of Ecology 25, no. 3 (September 1987): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.1987.tb01104.x.

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39

Nersting, Louise Grau, and Peter Arctander. "Phylogeography and conservation of impala and greater kudu." Molecular Ecology 10, no. 3 (July 7, 2008): 711–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.2001.01205.x.

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40

Hattingh, J., N. I. Pitts, M. F. Ganhao, and A. Carlston. "Physiological response to manual restraint of wild impala." Journal of Experimental Zoology 253, no. 1 (January 1990): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jez.1402530107.

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41

Vozdova, Miluse, Hana Sebestova, Svatava Kubickova, Halina Cernohorska, Thuraya Awadova, Jiri Vahala, and Jiri Rubes. "Impact of Robertsonian translocation on meiosis and reproduction: an impala (Aepyceros melampus) model." Journal of Applied Genetics 55, no. 2 (January 26, 2014): 249–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13353-014-0193-1.

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42

Mariano, V., C. M. E. McCrindle, B. Cenci-Goga, and J. A. Picard. "Case-Control Study To Determine whether River Water Can Spread Tetracycline Resistance to Unexposed Impala (Aepyceros melampus) in Kruger National Park (South Africa)." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 1 (October 31, 2008): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01808-08.

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ABSTRACT A case-control study was performed in the Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa, to find out whether impala (Aepyceros melampus) were more likely to harbor tetracycline-resistant Escherichia coli (TREC) in their feces when they drank from rivers that contained these bacteria than when they drank from rivers that were uncontaminated with TREC. The following five perennial rivers were selected: the Crocodile, the Letaba, the Olifants, the Sabie, and the Sand. Samples of river water (n = 33) and feces (n = 209), collected at 11 different sites, were cultured for E. coli. The resulting colonies were screened for tetracycline resistance by use of the Lederberg replica plating method (breakpoint, 4 mg/liter). A resistant and/or a susceptible isolate was then selected from each sample and subjected to the CLSI MIC broth microdilution test for tetracyclines. Among the 21 water specimens contaminated by E. coli, 19.05% (n = 4) were found to be resistant by the MIC method (breakpoint, ≥8 mg/liter). This led to the Crocodile, Olifants, and Letaba rivers being classified as TREC positive. Among the 209 impala feces sampled, 191 were positive for the presence of E. coli (91.38%). Within these (n = 191), 9.95% (n = 19) of the isolates were shown to be TREC by the MIC method. It was found that 1.11% (n = 1) of the E. coli isolates cultured from the feces of the control group (n = 90) were TREC, in comparison with 17.82% (n = 18) of those in feces from the exposed group (n = 101). The calculation of the odds ratio showed that impala drinking from TREC-contaminated rivers were 19.3 (2.63 to 141.69) times more likely to be infected with TREC than were unexposed impala. This is a significant finding, indicating that surface water could be a possible source of antimicrobial resistance in naï¿½ve animal populations and that impala could act as sentinels for antimicrobial resistance.

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43

Dufresne, Marie, Theo Lee, Sarrah M’Barek, X. Xu, X. Zhang, Taiguo Liu, Wenwei Zhang, Gert Kema, Marie-Josée Daboussi, and Cees Waalwijk. "Tagging pathogenicity genes inFusarium graminearumusing the transposon systemmimp/impala." Cereal Research Communications 36, Supplement 6 (September 2008): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/crc.36.2008.suppl.b.34.

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44

du Plessis, L., A. J. Botha, and K. Stevens. "Impala, Aepyceros melampus, platelets: count, morphology, and morphometric observations." Tissue and Cell 29, no. 2 (April 1997): 217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-8166(97)80021-3.

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45

Corthouts, Jan, Julien Van Borm, and Michèle Van den Eynde. "Impala 1991‐2011: 20 years of ILL in Belgium." Interlending & Document Supply 39, no. 2 (May 31, 2011): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02641611111138905.

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46

Beine, Michel, Anna Boucher, Brian Burgoon, Mary Crock, Justin Gest, Michael Hiscox, Patrick McGovern, Hillel Rapoport, Joep Schaper, and Eiko Thielemann. "Comparing Immigration Policies: An Overview from the IMPALA Database." International Migration Review 50, no. 4 (December 2016): 827–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imre.12169.

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This paper introduces a method and preliminary findings from a database that systematically measures the character and stringency of immigration policies. Based on the selection of that data for nine countries between 1999 and 2008, we challenge the idea that any one country is systematically the most or least restrictive toward admissions. The data also reveal trends toward more complex and, often, more restrictive regulation since the 1990s, as well as differential treatment of groups, such as lower requirements for highly skilled than low-skilled labor migrants. These patterns illustrate the IMPALA data and methods but are also of intrinsic importance to understanding immigration regulation.

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47

Ables, Ernest D., and Juanita Ables. "FIELD IMMOBILIZATION OF FREE-RANGING IMPALA IN NORTHERN KENYA." African Journal of Ecology 7, no. 1 (September 3, 2010): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.1969.tb01193.x.

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48

HUEBINGER, RYAN M., THOMAS W. J. DE MAAR, LAURENCE H. WOODRUFF, DANIEL POMP, and EDWARD E. LOUIS. "Characterization of nine microsatellite loci in impala (Aepyceros melampus)." Molecular Ecology Notes 6, no. 4 (July 20, 2006): 1152–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-8286.2006.01468.x.

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49

Leuthold, Walter. "Observations on the Social Organization of Impala (Aepyceros melampus)." Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie 27, no. 6 (April 26, 2010): 693–721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0310.1970.tb01896.x.

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50

Hua-Van, Aurélie, Thierry Langin, and Marie-Josée Daboussi. "Evolutionary History of the impala Transposon in Fusarium oxysporum." Molecular Biology and Evolution 18, no. 10 (October 1, 2001): 1959–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003736.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Impala Impala Impala'

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