Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Impédance acoustique'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Impédance acoustique.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Es, Saidi Abdelouahed. "Caractérisation acoustique de matériaux isotropes par impédencemétrie électrique." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10170.
Full textLeroux, Maud. "Propagation acoustique en conduit traité: influence de l'écoulement sur la propagation acoustique avec impédance de paroi." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00106271.
Full textLa présente étude se limite à des traitements à réaction dite locale, dont l'impédance est estimée en fonction de la fréquence.
Une méthode basée sur la décomposition modale de la pression est exposée. La modélisation est adaptée aux différents traitements pariétaux étudiés et permet d'obtenir les caractéristiques de la transmission d'une onde acoustique. Les applications sont effectuées dans le cas de la propagation d'un mode plan, dans le cas où plusieurs modes sont considérés, ou enfin, dans le cas où le profil d'un écoulement non uniforme est pris en compte. Cette méthode est associée à une méthode inverse permettant d'estimer l'impédance des traitements pariétaux.
Les résultats sont confrontés aux mesures réalisées. Les expériences ont été menées sur des bancs à écoulement où des mesures de matrice de diffusion sont réalisées à partir d'une méthode multi-microphonique classique.
Mamlouk, Mohamed Hédi. "Conception et fabrication d'un banc de mesure en vue de la caractérisation des traitements acoustiques pour les nacelles de turboréacteurs." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5930.
Full textMalmary, Cécile. "Etude théorique et expérimentale de l'impédance acoustique de matériaux en présence d'un écoulement d'air tangentiel." Le Mans, 2000. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2000/2000LEMA1015.pdf.
Full textLasting increasing of air traffic will only be feasible if noise pollution near airports, due to aircraft flyover, is significantly reduced. Among acoustic emissions from the aircraft, engine noise, and particularly fan noise, is a preponderant source. In order to reduce this noise, the nacelle is lined with absorbing materials made of a thin layer (such as perforated plate) bounded to partitioned air cavities. The thesis work consists in studying, experimentally and theoretically, specifie acoustic impedance properties of these materials, with a tangential air flow whose speed is representative of the nacelle environment (240 m/s). A bibliographic study shows impedance properties of orifices, perforated plates and wire-mesh as a function of acoustic wave frequency (linear model), acoustic velocity (non linear modei) and air flow characteristics. This properties are mainly quantified by semi or totally empirical formulas, which depend on the experimental set-up and are specific for each type of tested layer. An experimental study is then required. Most of the present work consisted in developing a set-up of thin layers impedance measurement with tangential air flow, at high sound pressure levels. The chosen measurement method is based on the so-called "two-microphones" technique. Several impedance deduction methods are developed and compared according to this technique, ueing a mobile microphonic probe or two fixed classic microphones. A layer sample and the transducers are placed in a duct flow in which air fiow speed reaches 240 m/s. Measurements on a "test" perforated plate are compared to no-flow set-up results and models. The fixed microphones method shows good agreement with an empirical model from litterature : perforated plate resistance increases and reactance decreases as a function of air flow speed. Measurements are performed up to Mach 0. 6 and show that empirical laws of impedance evolution are not modified at low (< 0. 2) or high (> 0-2) Mach numbers. Tests on a "perforated plate + wire-mesh" material show as expected a lower sensibility of impedance as a function of acoustic velocity and air flow speed. In addition to this experimental work, an analytical code is developed in order to predict acoustic pressure in the duct with uniform flow. The mobile probe allows pressure exploration on a section of the duct. Without flow, comparison between these measurements and the model is satisfactory. With flow, the observed differences may be explained by the fact that the flow profile (turbulent) is not taken into account in the model
DUBOS, VERONIQUE. "Etude de l'effet d'une cheminee laterale sur un guide d'onde acoustique. Etude theorique de l'interaction de deux cheminees." Le Mans, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LEMA1020.
Full textFurstoss, Marc. "Contrôle actif de l'impédance acoustique de surface de matériaux poreux." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ECDL0017.
Full textDutilleux, Guillaume. "Mesure in situ de l'absorption acoustique des matériaux dans la bâtiment." Lyon, INSA, 1999. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/1999ISAL0037/these.pdf.
Full textKnowing how to assess the acoustic absorption of a material in in situ conditions would be of great interest in the field of building acoustics, as well at the design stage as for diagnosis or correction needs. Very few methods currently address this issue. After having set the frame of in situ measurements, in their technical and practical aspects, and defined the state of the art of this topic, a two-sided answer is worked out : measurement systems and related procedures. The first part ends up with the selection of an existing signal acquisition technique, the MLS technique. It also opens on neglected possibilities, like all-pass deconvolution, if not new ones like the use of not binary pseudo-random sequences. The hardware and software of a both technically and economically satisfying equipment is then defined. In the second part, two complementary in situ procedures are developped. The first one is of the transient type and can be considered as a really in situ expression of the well known transfert function technique. In addition to the MLS technique, it is based on a particular time windowing, an easy-to-deploy transducers set-up. Beside the specifically in situ developments, contributions are given to the classical transfer function method, both about the one-to-oneness of the propagation models involved, and about the inversion procedure used. A new method in standing wave field is proposed, to face the low frequency limit implied by the time frequency uncertainty relationship in small rooms. Its basic idea is to define a numerical model of the investigated volume, to take a few measurement points over the pressure field created in it by a harmonic source and to give them as input to an optimization algorithm coupled to the latter numerical model. The algorithm returns to the boundary conditions - here impedances - of the volume. The algorithm chosen to address this global optimization problem is an evolution strategy. Simulations in two- and three-dimensional spaces of simple geometric shape show the theoretical practicability of this measurement principle
Guianvarc'h, Cécile. "La cavité de couplage acoustique dans la méthode de réciprocité : modèles analytiques pour l'étalonnage des microphones et la mesure d'impédances de petits composants." Le Mans, 2005. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2005/2005LEMA1021.pdf.
Full textAcoustic metrology laboratories generally use high quality microphones as a reference for their acoustic measurement devices. Then these microphones, called Laboratory Standard Microphones, have to be calibrated with a great accuracy. During the last decades, the usual standardized method for calibrating these microphones, that is for determining their pressure sensitivity, is the reciprocity method. This method uses two microphones acoustically connected by a coupler which is an acoustic cavity, generally cylinder shaped, closed by lateral rigid walls and at its ends by the diaphragms of the microphones, one being used as a transmitter and the other one as a receiver. The product of the microphone's sensitivities is determined from electrical measurements and from the analytical calculation of the acoustic transfer admittance of the system. Actual equipments and measurement technics permit to reach the order of 0. 01 dB for the electrical measurements accuracy. The same precision is then requiered for the calculation of the acoustic transfer admittance which lies on the modelling of the sound pressure in the coupling cavity. Consequently, this modelling has to be as complete and accurate as possible. The model currently in use seems not to be sufficiently reliable to allow calibration with an accuracy that is compatible with the one of the electrical measurements. Thus, this is the aim of this study to build more complete analytical models for the sound pressure in the cavity taking into account the viscothermal boundary layers effect and the precise dependency of the acoustic field on the space coordinates. The results should lead to revise the standards currently in use, and moreover the obtained results could lead to a deep measurement method for the input characteristics of small acoustic components, that is actually missing, and that in the future they could lead to openings in the metrology of acoustic micro-elements (useful for characterization of the artificial hear and for the miniaturization of sensors). Finally, future developments about new modelling of microphones, that would take into account the effects of realistic diaphragm movements and then the spatial distribution of the acoustic movements in micro-cavities and micro-ducts that compose these sensors, will allow the models presented here to be of high interest concerning deep measurements and characterization of sensors and acoustic micro-components
Lissek, Hervé. "Les matériaux actifs à propriétés acoustiques variables." Le Mans, 2002. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2002/2002LEMA1007.pdf.
Full textThis work deals with the concept of active materials with variable acoustic properties, dedicated to room acoustics applications. This concept is based on an acoustic impedance active control principle by hybrid motionnal feedback, applied on an electroacoustic transducer. This hybrid feedback associates a motionnal feedback, obtained by an electric impedance bridge, and a pressure feedback, obtained by a microphone placed in the neighbourhood of the actuator. After the concept of active material has been modelized and tested experimentally with single moving-coil loudspeaker, this principle is extended to the concept of active wall. A prototype of active wall with active moving coil loudspeakers is modelized and tested, in order to find specifications for a specific electroacoustic transducer dedicated to the « active materials » application. This work leads to the implementation of the isodynamic transducer, for which a numeric model is elaborated. The study of the electroacoustic behaviour of this transducer underlines several problems, likely to limit its performances as active material with variable acoustic properties, and lead us to develop a numeric tool for sizing the transducer for this application. On the basis of this study, many prototypes are build in order to, in one hand, validate the numeric model, and in the other hand, point out the limitations of the transducer to find practical solutions to improve its performances. The results obtained with such transducers as active materials, obtained for plane waves and normal incidence, help us estimate future works for the achievement of active materials with variable acoustic properties ; the isodynamic principle seems to be the must suitable for this concept, in terms of results as well as in terms of product costs
Delattre, Grégory. "Impédance de paroi des matériaux à réction localisée." Paris 6, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA066630.
Full textThis study deals with the development of boundary conditions (BC) to take into account sound absorbing materials in CAA codes. Time-marching approach is necessary to reproduce wideband noise propagation with a single run. Time-domain translation of the impedance relation is done by a costly discrete Fourier transform. Impedance tube simulations show that the velocity profile of shear flows is to be count with depending on the Mach number. Data storage is then reduced using the z-transform properties. For generalization sake, impedance relation is made 1D along the surface normal at each mesh node. This curvilinear treatment based on the solver metric routines allows a spurious frequencies free local application. Simulation of sound diffraction and propagation near liners then requires little storage and a CPU run time similar to hard wall treatment. Acoustic absorption in resonators is then studied looking forward to extending such BC to higher acoustic levels
Djeddi, Mabrouk. "Analyse et synthèse des études géologiques et géophysiques des formations triasiques et du jurassique de la partie septentrionale du Sahara septentrional : contribution des techniques de modélisations géosismiques et de pseudodiagraphies d'impédances acoustiques à la détection des pièges sédimentologiques." Bordeaux 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR10522.
Full textRupin, Fabienne. "Evaluation des propriétés microélastiques de l'os par microscopie acoustique : influence des phases minérale et organique." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077052.
Full textThe detailed Knowledge of the determinant parameters of bone quality and the understanding of its modification during lifetime require the characterization of bone mechanical properties at various length scales. If the macro- or meso-scopic mechanical properties are easily accessible, the characterization of the micro- or nano-elasticity of bone remains challenging. Furthermore, thee determinant factors of bone microelasticity are not fully understood. We have developed and validated high resolution quantitative acoustic microscopy (SAM) to map tissue microelasticity. By combining SAM, nanoindentation (NI) and Synchrotron microtomography (SR-|jCT) on site matched regions, we obtained a good correlation betweern acoustic impedance (Z), elastic modulus derived from Z and NI modulus. Simultaneously, the degree of mineralization of bone (DMB) was found to be moderately correlated to bone elasticity. To determine the bone properties the contribute to changes in elasticity, SAM and synchrotron imaging techniques (SR-pCT and SAXS) were combined. We show that, despite a quasi-homogeneous DMB within the osteon, the acoustic impedance image displays a periodic variations consisting of alternating lamellae of high and low Z values, which strongly correlates to layers of high and low SAXS integrated intensity, reflecting changes in collagen fibrils orientation Finally, SAM was used to evaluate changes in tissular microelasticity of trabecular bone that underwent remodelling induced by mechanical loading. We show that bone tissue adaptation leads to an increase in tissular acoustic impedance that might reflect the rearrangement of collagen fibrils
Leroux, Maud. "Propagation acoustique en conduit traité : influence de l'écoulement sur la propagation avec impédance de paroi." Le Mans, 2005. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2005/2005LEMA1016.pdf.
Full textThis experimental study performed at the Laboratoire d'Acoustique de l'Université du Maine is concerned with acoustical wave propagation in lined ducts with superimposed stationnary flow. The present waveguides are straight ducts, whose wall may be locally modified. The lined part is globally determined with its impedance. Determine the impedance allows an estimation of the sound attenuation in the lined duct, and thereby industrial applications, such as reduction of noise in exhaust pipes or jet engines. The experiments are performed on locally reacting liners, whose impedances are estimated on the frequency range. A method based on multimodal formulation of the sound propagation is proposed and validated for the studied liners. The modeling gives the transmission characteristics of an acoustic wave. The applications are done whether for a plane wave propagation, or with more modes taken into account, and at last, in cases considering a non uniform flow profile. This method is linked to an inverse method, in order to determine the impedance of the lined part of the duct. The results of the computation are compared to the measurements. The experiments have been performed on flow ducts, and the scattering coefficients are measured by the mean of a usual multimicrophonic method
Valibouse, Pierre. "Mesure des caractéristiques intrinsèques des matériaux dans l'eau, avec un tube à impédance en incidence normale." Compiègne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990COMPD317.
Full textNief, Guillaume. "Comportement vibroacoustique des conduits : modélisation, mesure et applications aux instruments de musique à vent." Le Mans, 2008. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2008/2008LEMA1020.pdf.
Full textThe wall vibrations of a wind musical instrument imply various vibroacoustic couplings:duct/internal fluid and duct/external fluid. The duct/internal fluid is studied via the input impedance of the vibrating duct, which differs from the perfectly rigid case. The disturbance of the impedance, still very weak for usual parameters, is maximal when the eigenfrequency of a mechanical ovalling mode of the duct coincides with the one of an acoustic mode. When such a mechanical/acoustical matching occurs, slight timbre modification, or even more important disturbance can be observed on the produced sound. The duct/external fluid coupling is investigated via the acoustic radiation of a trombone bell free to vibrate, which differs from the case where its vibration are damped using sand. Some small differences of a few decibels are measured at frequencies of radiating mechanical modes, which are efficient from the acoustic radiation point of view
Faverjon, Béatrice. "Modélisation et validation expérimentale d'un modèle d'impédance acoustique dans le domaine des moyennes et hautes fréquences pour un système multicouche composé d'un matériau poreux épais inséré entre deux plaques minces : s." Paris, CNAM, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CNAM0423.
Full textThis research proposes a new method to model acoustic insulated passive systems, in the medium and high frequency range, by constructing an equivalent acoustic impedance and by validating with experimental results. The system is constituted of a three-dimensional porous material inserted between two thin plates. In order to validate experimentally the proposed theory, acoustic impedance measures are carried out in the range [30,1600] Hz, the medium- and high-frequency ranges corresponding to [300,1600] Hz. On the one hand, a probabilistic algebraic model of the wall acoustic impedance is constructed and its parameters are fitted with the experimental data basis. On the other hand, from the boundary value problem, an analytical model of the acoustic impedance is constructed. Finally, comparisons between the analytical model and experimental results are presented
Brouard, Bruno. "Validation par holographie acoustique de nouveaux modeles pour la propagation des ondes dans les materiaux poreux stratifies." Le Mans, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LEMA1014.
Full textZug, Benoit. "Etude des pertes d'origine piézoélectrique dans les matériaux piézoélectriques et les transducteurs ultrasonores." Lyon, INSA, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ISAL0078.
Full textAmongst the various losses in piezoceramcis, the piezoelectric losses are the worst know. They were inserted in some models, but their influence on the behaviour of a transducer around its resonance frequency has been rarely explained. Moreover the usual methods of determination of these losses are either hard to implement or not very reliable. The purpose of this work is to evaluate this type of losses in a low frequency device (Tonpilz type transducer), under high mechanical solicitations. With this object three kinds of investigations have been made : Firstly, the losses of the active material have been characterized, that led us to propose a simple method for the determination of the piezoelectric losses. This method, reliable and non iterative is based on the analysis of the motional resistance of a piezoelectric rod vibrating in longitudinal mode. Secondly, the working conditions of a monoelement transducer excited at constant motional current, have been investigated. By this way piezoelectric losses may be taken into account with the help of a model based on the grain boundary losses. The influence of mechanical solicitation on these losses has been shown off. Thirdly, an accurate characterization of the Tonpilz around the resonance has been carried out at low level and then at constant mechanical solicitation. Both experimentation and modelisation led us to obtain a noticeable reduction of the losses in air at nominal velocity. Finally a coherent evaluation of all the losses of the active material is possible
Gibiat, Vincent. "Caracterisation physique des instruments a vent : mesures d'impedances et trajectoires de phases." Le Mans, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LEMA1008.
Full textEl, Gharib Joseph. "Méthode des potentiels retardés pour l'acoustique." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EPXX0035.
Full textBouaziz, Adel Nabila. "Diagnostic de l'hyperréactivité bronchique chez l'enfant : intérêt de la méthode des oscillations forcées (doctorat : génie biologique et médical)." Nancy 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NAN11019.
Full textLATIRI, CHIRAZ. "Exemples d'utilisation de la notion de condition d'impedance en acoustique et en electromagnetisme." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EPXX0094.
Full textDelattre, Gregory. "Impédance de paroi des matériaux à réaction localisée." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00813355.
Full textHenry, Michel. "Mesures des parametres caracterisant un milieu poreux. Etude experimentale du comportement acoustique des mousses aux basses frequences." Le Mans, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LEMA1011.
Full textGloaguen, Fabrice. "Utilisation de l'impédance acoustique pour la caractérisation d'une ligne d'admission de moteur termique." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30338.
Full textLeguerney, Ingrid. "Caractérisation de la microstructure et des propriétés matérielles de l'os cortical par microscopie acoustique à balayage de haute résolution." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066219.
Full textSchaub, François. "Estimation géostatistique de l'impédance acoustique après migration prestack en profondeur." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002987.
Full textRodríguez, Sánchez Javier. "Étude théorique et numérique des modes propres acoustiques dans un conduit avec écoulement et parois absorbantes." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ESAE0009/document.
Full textThe study presented in this thesis is within the domain of modal acoustics of lined ducts withgrazing flow. We consider an upstream source of noise with a fixed frequency, within a lined duct.From this, we study the eigenmodes in terms of wavenumber that are present in this system.With this study, we contribute to the better understanding of sound propagation in thedescribed configuration. Within its main applications, we can find the noise reduction fromaeroengines.A numerical analysis with the pseudospectral collocation method, based on Chebyshevpolynomials was used to obtain the spectrum of modes within the duct, in a domain transversalto the mean flow. For this, two programs were used: On one hand, within the frame of this thesis,the program FiEStA was developed. It solves the linearized Euler Equations, considering eitherone or two dimensions of the transversal plane. On the other hand, the already existing programMAMOUT was used for verification and to solve also the linearized Navier-Stokes Equations toobserve the effects of viscosity.With these tools, the first result was to notice the effects of three parameters: When theaspect ratio grows, the density of modes in the spectrum grows also. In particular, we havemore propagative modes. As the mean flow Mach number grows, we observe these effects on theeigenvalues: a displacement to the negative real part, a slight amplification of their absolute valueand a displacement towards the modes of lower index. The difference in mean flow profile inducesanother displacement in modes, not easily predictable. It changes also the shape of eigenfunctions,which is clearly seen for the planewave mode. The impedance changes induce a cyclic exchange ofeigenvalues from their hard wall value to the hard wall value of a consecutive mode. The changeof eigenfunction is gradually change in wavelength, to obtain the shape of the destination mode.With some impedance values, a pair of modes, called the acoustic surface modes arise. They arecharacterized by the exponential shape of their eigenfunctions.Besides these acoustic surface modes, there are also a pair of hydrodynamic surface modeswhich come to light with some values of impedance and shape and Mach number of the meanflow. With a benchmark data, these modes were studied. The impedance was considered from themodel of a measured liner while the mean flow profile was taken from experimental values. Withthis, the hydrodynamic mode was found. With specific values of frequency, the set of parametersgives rise to an instability. Using the Briggs-Bers criterion for stability, the instability was foundto be absolute for a given frequency.From the comportment of modes with different values of impedance, and in accordance withpublished results, we defined the condition that the spectrum has to fulfill to reduce as much aspossible the upstream noise. This is what we called the optimal impedance. We obtained it forseveral flow profiles and frequencies, in both 1D and 2D domains
Amirouche, Nesrine. "Dispositifs absorbants à base de matériaux à double porosité dans des champs acoustiques complexes." Lyon, INSA, 2008. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2008ISAL0039/these.pdf.
Full textThe use of acoustic porous material in absorbent systems is common, for example in domains such as building, aircraft end automotive industries, public areas and environmental equipments, or in factories (machine enclosure, industrial premises). Porous materials often have a good performance in middle and high frequencies, but have less performance in low frequencies, where most of the noise sources met in domains mentioned bave have an important energy in this frequency range. A mean to improve the performance of porous materials is the use of double porosity concept. Lt has been demonstrated that under certain conditions the meso-perforated materials have better absorption performances in low frequency range, when they are exited by a plane waves of normal incidence and cou pied to a rigid wall. Ln real conditions, the acoustic fields are more complex, and the porous materials are often coupled to other elements as flexible supports or screens. Thus it is important to take into account the interaction between meso-perforated material and those elements, along with the acoustic field type, to have the best performance evaluation of absorbent systems based on this concept
Lacour, Olivier. "Réduction du bruit par contrôle actif d'impédance : application à des problèmes vibroacoustiques internes." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10113.
Full textAttal, Emmanuel. "Caractérisation et optimisation d’assemblages d’éléments de murs végétalisés par méthodes acoustique et vibratoire." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10149/document.
Full textEstablishment of green walls in urban areas is supported by the public administration as it improves air quality, fosters biodiversity and mitigates urban heat island effects. Contribution of green walls to urban soundscape due to their acoustic properties has also been demonstrated by recent works. However, physical phenomena behind these acoustical properties are not yet fully understood and constitutes the purpose of this thesis. In this work, a new experimental setup coupling acoustical measurements with an impedance tube and vibration measurements with a scanning laser vibrometer is developped to characterize simultaneously acoustical and vibrational properties of foliages and substrates used in green walls in the 100 Hz-1000 Hz frequency range. This setup is used to characterize acoustic coefficients (absorption, reflection, transmission...), effective physical properties (speed of sound, characteristic impedance...) and vibrational response of foliage (spindle and bay) substrate (perlite, coco fiber, coco peat) samples. Results reveal acoustic properties of each medium and highlight the close link between vibrational resonances and acoustic coefficients of walls. Acoustic properties of samples constituted by the superposition of foliage and substrate layers are finally studied. Results demonstrate that the increase of absorption coefficient comes from both wall thickness resonances and impedance matching between air and substrate provided by the foliage layer. A method for optimizing acoustic absorption in a given frequency range is also proposed
Schaub, François. "Estimation géostatistique de l’impédance acoustique après migration prestack en profondeur." Paris, ENMP, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENMP1449.
Full textOne of the main goal of geosciences in the petroleum industry is to build accurate and predictive reservoir models, expressed in terms of properties such as geological facies, porosity or acoustic impedance. The seismic reflection technique, at the base of geophysical prospecting, provides the reflection coefficients associated to the geological interfaces. These coefficients give information about the subsurface structures and allow us to estimate the layers petroacoustic properties. We use a preserved amplitude prestack depth migration which gives the depth migrated seismic data, where reflectivity variations versus angle are conserved. The variation analysis is done with the common image gathers sections along trajectories defined by the reflectivity variations with the angle. These trajectories provide a geology depth structural interpretation (the skeleton) with two major AVA attributes: intercept and gradient. A horizon picking phase using both skeletons defines the intervals where the simulation will be achieved. Then, after the interpretation of the hydrocarbons anomalies over the seismic and AVA attributes sections, we propose to locally constrain the geostatistical simulation in order to reproduce these anomalies. To handle it, we use the relationship between the acoustic impedance and the intercept. This method finally provides a depth acoustic impedance section, valid over the whole studied area, which contains the hydrocarbon anomalies for a possible oil and gas exploration & production
Eveno, Pauline. "L' impédance d'entrée pour l'aide à la facture des instruments de musique à vent : mesures, modèles et lien avec les fréquences de jeu." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066502.
Full textThis work deals with the evaluation and the choice of relevant objective descriptors of the wind instruments quality. It is part of a collaborative project which aims at developping a platform helping instruments making. The work is essentially based on the notion of input impedance. A comparative study of different calculation methods for the input impedance of horns are compared with the measurement. Results show that the transmission line method used with curvilinear abscissa and a suitable model of radiation, allows predicting resonance frequencies with an accuracy of 8 cents. Above the cutoff frequency, numerical methods are closer to the measurement but high frequencies have a minor influence on playing frequencies. Furthermore, a study on the pad “resonators” of a saxophone shows that they have to be considered as “stiffeners”. The presence or absence of “resonators” can cause visible differences on the input impedance of the instrument, which can also be perceived by the musician in playing conditions. Finally, an analysis comparing the resonance frequencies and the playing frequencies of a trumpet with a parametrized leadpipe was led with various musicians. After a statistical analysis of the results, the playing frequency appears to be controlled by the resonance frequency, with a 8 cents precision, which is the order of magnitude of the musician repeatability. For the trumpets, the resonance frequencies seem to be suitable descriptors of the instrument intonation
REBILLARD, PASCAL. "Prediction de l'impedance de surface des materiaux poreux stratifies par la theorie de biot." Le Mans, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LEMA1006.
Full textDalmont, Jean-Pierre. "Etude et réalisation de capteurs d'impédances : application à la mesure d'éléments localisés, étude et réalisation d'une terminaison anéchoi͏̈de basses fréquences." Le Mans, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LEMA1018.
Full textMONTEMBAULT, VALERIE. "Etude des sources acoustiques associees aux decharges corona negatives." Le Mans, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LEMA1024.
Full textFélix, Simon. "Propagation acoustique dans les guides d'ondes courbes & problème avec source dans un écoulement cisaillé." Le Mans, 2002. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2002/2002LEMA1003.pdf.
Full textPlaneau, Vincent. "Présentation de trois méthodes d’extrapolation au champs libre des mesures acoustiques effectuées en milieu confiné." Compiègne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986COMPI218.
Full textPrugne, Christophe. "Etude d'une sonde en champ proche acoustique et application à la microscopie." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20067.
Full textAl-Gabr, Faria Manae Musaid. "Simulation d'un capteur ultrasonore multicouche : optimisation et analyse de ses défaillances en vue d'applications en microscopie acoustique et microéchographie." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20037.
Full textTaktak, Mohamed. "Mesure de la matrice de diffusion d'un tronçon traité cylindrique : applications à la mesure de son efficacité et à la détermination de son impédance homogénéisée." Compiègne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008COMP1788.
Full textIn this work, two applications based on the measurement and the compute of the multimodal scattering matrix of a cylindrical lined duct were developed and presented. The first is related to the measurement of the liner efficiency in function of the incoming pressures and or powers. The second is related to the determination of this wall duct by determining its homogenized acoustic impedance by an indirect method in association with the numerical compute of this matrix. The scattering matrix measurement technique is based on the multi sources method with , the use of an anechoic termination and the conservation of the transmitted and retrograde pressures separation. The numerical computation of the scattering matrix, using the finite elements method, assumes that the duct is axisymetric and covered by a locally reacting liner were developed. The proposed evaluation of the lined duct section efficiency is based on the compute of its acoustic power dissipation and attenuation deduced from the scattering matrix using an incoming pressure vector. Also, the indirect method to determine the homogenized acoustic impedance of the duct is presented ; it is based on the minimisation of the difference between theorical and experimental dissipations computed from the scattering matrix and an incoming pressures vector from only one side. The precision of these techniques was estimated through a simulation of the experiment coupled with the Monte Carlo technique leading to determine the confidence intervals of several output experimental data measured parameters. Finally, different techniques presented in this work were tested with two lined ducts which the wall is covered with industrial locally reacting materials made of a honeycomb and a perforated sheet. In this part of work, Experimental and theoretical results of the scattering matrix coefficients and of the acoustic power dissipated and attenuated by the silencer are compared and pointed out, as already found in the litterature, the effect of the vibration of the rigid part of the wall near the higher order mode resonance frequencies. A comparison between theorical and experimental results is made and acoustic power dissipation and attenuation were determined. Then, it is shown that to determine the homogenized acoustic impedance of the liner, the indirect method has to be based on a cost function defined by the difference between the acoustic power dissipated by the actual lined duct section and the reference duct section avoiding the effect of the wall vibration
Marco, Jean-Pierre. "Etude et réalisation de capteurs microacoustiques spécifiques pour la mesure de pression à travers une paroi." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20107.
Full textChaari, Raouf. "L'étude des techniques de mesure d'impédance et de modélisation des silencieux." Compiègne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990COMPD269.
Full textThis thesis deals with the analysis of acoustic characteristics of silencers. Computer programmes were developed to simulate the performance of silencers using a plane wave model with flow and linear temperature gradient. Different measurement techniques using exact and approximate expressions were developed and tested on different silencers and absorbing materials. In conditions of noise or fluid flow the measurement techniques developed at the University of Compiègne using a reference signal to condition the measurement permit the acoustic characteristics of silencers to be evaluated with increased accuracy. A method presented by Seybert in 1989 to measure the characteristic impedance and the complex wave number of a material is analysed. Improvements are proposed to this technique witch should enable the second measurement on the material of different thickness to be eliminated
Rebibo, Jacques. "Influence de la microstructure d'aciers sur l'attenuation des ondes ultrasonores de volume mesurée selon différentes méthodes." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD450.
Full textBarberousse, Frédéric. "Caractérisation des dispositifs hyperfréquences : schéma équivalent, facteur de bruit et impédance optimale de bruit." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20110.
Full textCosnefroy, Matthias. "Simulation numérique de la propagation dans l'atmosphère de sons impulsionnels et confrontations expérimentales." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEC014/document.
Full textAcoustics is of interest for applications pertaining to defence and security since it can provide a passive, omnidirectional and non-line-of-sight survey. In a military context, microphone arrays are for instance used to detect, localize and classify explosions, artillery fire or gunshots. However, time signatures recorded a few hundred meters from the source may be very sensitive to the environmental conditions since significant propagation effects related to the mean stratification of the atmosphere, turbulence, topography or ground impedance are expected. The combined impact of these effects is as yet little documented, and this lack of knowledge can degrade the performance of military systems.Numerical simulations are an interesting and complementary alternative to experiments to better understand these interactions since the input parameters can be controlled. Battlefield acoustics, however, typically involves very loud, impulse sounds, which propagate with short wavelengths over relatively long distances. Combined with the three-dimensional volume modeling required for turbulence or topology effects, such numerical predictions are very challenging in terms of computational cost even with currently available computing capabilities. One of the purposes of this work is to develop a new version of the in-house finite-difference time-domain solver (FDTD) in order to match these specifications. Time-domain 3D simulations being relatively new, a number of scientific advances were achieved regarding ground and source modeling in the time domain or the effectiveness of non-reflecting boundary conditions (PML).Still, comparison with measurements is necessary to ensure the accuracy of numerical predictions in realistic conditions. Acoustic measurements were thus carried out in Germany for several days in various meteorological conditions. The formed database provides original insights into the propagation effects on impulse sounds over up to several hundreds of meters. An excellent agreement is obtained with deterministic simulations for all considered configurations. These results pave the way for further assessment of spatial and temporal coherence losses, and their influence on the performance of microphone arrays
Joubert, Lauris. "Approche asymptotique pour l'étude mathématique et la simulation numérique de la propagation du son en présence d'un écoulement fortement cisaillé." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00553081.
Full textLaly, Zacharie. "Développement, validation expérimentale et optimisation des traitements acoustiques des nacelles de turboréacteurs sous hauts niveaux acoustiques." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11626.
Full textFarnaud, Jean-Paul. "Mesure par ultrasons dans un milieu diphasique liquide-gaz." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37604962c.
Full textGauvreau, Benoit. "Influence des conditions micrométéorologiques sur l'efficacité des écrans acoustiques." Le Mans, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LEMAA011.
Full text