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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Impedance protection

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Academic literature on the topic 'Impedance protection'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Impedance protection"

1

Nguyen, Thai-Thanh, Woon-Gyu Lee, Hak-Man Kim, and Hyung Yang. "Fault Analysis and Design of a Protection System for a Mesh Power System with a Co-Axial HTS Power Cable." Energies 13, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13010220.

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The uses of high-temperature superconducting (HTS) cables pose a challenge of power system protection since the impedance of the HTS cable is varied during fault conditions. The protection systems should be designed properly to ensure the reliability and stability of the whole system. This paper presents a fault analysis of the co-axial HTS cable in the mesh system and proposes a coordinated protection system. In the proposed protection system, the main protection is the differential current relay whereas the backup protections are the overcurrent and directional overcurrent relays. The normal and abnormal relay operations are considered to analyze the transient fault current in the HTS cable and evaluate the performance of the proposed coordinated protection system. Characteristics of cable impedances and temperatures under various fault conditions are presented. The proposed protection scheme is validated by the simulation in the PSCAD/EMTDC program. Simulation results show that the coordinated protection scheme could successfully protect the HTS cables in both normal and abnormal relay operations.

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O Donovan, Michael, Noel Barry, Joe Connell, and Eoin Cowhey. "Mutual Coupling Compensation Techniques Used for Distance Protection of Parallel Lines." Energies 14, no. 7 (April 2, 2021): 1982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071982.

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When a distance relay protects a transmission line located on a dual circuit tower, a coupling effect will occur between the two circuits. Transposition of the circuits can reduce the mutual impedances, but this does not cater to the zero-sequence mutual coupling impedance during earth faults. As a result, the impedance measured by a distance relay under phase-to-earth fault conditions in these circumstances will not represent the correct impedance to the fault point unless these effects are taken into account. On multi-circuit lines, primarily if they operate in parallel, a zero-sequence mutual coupling should be considered when calculating settings for distance protection function. A 220 kV parallel line sharing the same tower was analysed using DigSilent Power Factory in the simulations. Phase-to-earth faults in different configurations were analysed on this system, and the reach of the protection relay was then estimated for operation. The results confirm how a protection relay can overreach and underreach in a distance protection scheme due to the influence of mutual coupling.

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Xu, Qiang Ye, Jin Lian, and Hao Lian. "An Adaptive Protection Method for Power System under Wide Area Networks." Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 4189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.4189.

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The grid structure and its operation mood are becoming more complicated with the expansion of China Power Network which have higher requirement for security protection for relay protection network. This article proposes adaptive setting of switch positioner and line fault under wide area networks. Adaptive setting of switch positioner in system operation mode can effectively extend the protection scope of zone 2 impedance relay on the premise of protecting the cooperative relationship which has a better sensibility than traditional setting value of zone 2 impedance relay. Adaptive setting of line fault has high level of adaptation in system operation mode and sensitivity in each adjacent line which has lager protection scope than that of the traditional setting value and switch positioner.

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Chen, Guobin, Yiqing Liu, and Qifan Yang. "Impedance Differential Protection for Active Distribution Network." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 35, no. 1 (February 2020): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2019.2919142.

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Bolandi, Tohid Ghanizadeh, Heresh Seyedi, Sayyed Mohammad Hashemi, and Peyman Soleiman Nezhad. "Impedance-Differential Protection: A New Approach to Transmission-Line Pilot Protection." IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 30, no. 6 (December 2015): 2510–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpwrd.2014.2387689.

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Martynyuk, Valeriy, Michał Liss, and Joanna Wilczarska. "Diagnostics of Corrosion Protection Potential for Electric Water Heaters." MATEC Web of Conferences 302 (2019): 01014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201930201014.

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The paper represents the mathematical model for diagnostics of the corrosion protection potential for the electric water heaters (EWH). The research objectives are the problem of determining the EWH corrosion protection technical condition during its operation. The EWH corrosion protection diagnostics is based on the mathematical model of the corrosion protection potential for EWH. The model is based on the nonlinear equivalent circuit which is modelling the nonlinear impedance of the corrosion cathodic protection. In the development of the mathematical model the authors carried out experimental measurements of the impedance for the EWH body fragment. The obtained experimental results show that mathematical model includes the fractional integrating elements. By using of the experimental results the expressions of the impedance, the impulse response is obtained. The methodological approach to increasing the reliability of the EWH corrosion protection diagnostics has been proposed, in terms of the multi-parameter diagnostics, by applying the EWH corrosion protection impedance model.

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Li, Zhen Xing, Qiu Li, and Tao Zhang. "Wide-Area Backup Protection Algorithm Based on Earth Impedance Comparison Principle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 858–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.858.

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A novel algorithm is proposed for the purpose of improving the reliability and sensibility of fault component identification of wide area backup protection. The algorithm, called earth impedance comparison protection (EICP), is realized by comparing the ratios of different nodes, and the ratio is obtained by the bus voltage to the differential current. The advantages of EICP are verified in this paper using the measurement function of wide-area measurement system. The results of case studies show that EICP is superior to the current differential protection in terms of the sensitivity and to the directional pilot protection in terms of the dependability. The satisfactory results can be obtained when the EICP method is applied in the event of abnormal operations of protective relays and circuit breakers, measurement error scenarios or substation DC failure.

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Liu, Xiaoling, Yawei Shao, Mingshun Liu, Shougang Chen, Fuhui Wang, and Longqiang Wang. "LEIS study of the protection of zinc phosphate/epoxy coatings under cathodic protection." RSC Advances 6, no. 52 (2016): 46479–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra06377b.

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The anti-corrosion properties of the defective zinc phosphate/epoxy coatings under cathodic protection (CP) in a 3.5% NaCl solution were evaluated by localized electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (LEIS) and scanning electrochemical microscopy.

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Muljono, Agung Budi. "DISTANCE RELAY PROTECTION COORDINATION ANALYSIS OF HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINE 150 KV LOMBOK POWER SYSTEM." DIELEKTRIKA 7, no. 1 (February 27, 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/dielektrika.v7i1.230.

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Lombok electrical system has been operating a 150kV high voltage transmission line and has been developing continuously. High voltage transmission line construction is an effort to improve electrical system quality and reliability. Thus, good protection is needed to maintain the distribution reliability of electrical power. One of the relays used in the Lombok electrical protection system is a distance relay. Distance relay works as the main protection in the transmission system by measuring fault impedance value based on current and voltage detected by the relay. This study illustrates how to calculate distance relay setting impedance in Z1pri, Z2pri and Z3pri then held a short-circuit simulation in software ETAP 7.5 to examine it. Setting calculation result of distance relay in Ampenan for Ampenan – Jeranjang line protection, with 3,25 Ω (7.543 km)line impedance, is Z1pri = 2.6057 Ω (6.0345 km), t1 = 0 second, Z2pri = 13.7056 Ω (31.7406 km), t2 = 0.4 second, Z3pri = 24.7209 Ω (57.2508 km), t3 = 1.2 second. Relay’s setting impedance is larger than fault impedance detected by the relay, so that distance relay has been able to protect the system. This study may also show graphic of setting impedance and time coordination from distance relay for every protection area section.

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Herlender, J., J. Izykowski, and B. Brusilowicz. "INVESTIGATION OF IMPEDANCE-DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION’S ALGORITHM AS A FAULT LOCATOR FOR DOUBLE-CIRCUIT TRANSMISSION LINE." Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika 2020, no. 6 (October 21, 2020): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/techned2020.06.057.

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This paper deals with an analysis of impedance-differential protection algorithm applied to locate faults on a double-circuit transmission line. In particular, the study of fault location accuracy for the case of using the relation between currents for negative-sequence not for zero-sequence, as it was presented so far, is provided. It results from the well-known fact that zero-sequence impedances are in practice considered as quite unreliable data. Therefore, one has to limit usage of zero-sequence impedance parameters as much as possible. Such approach was applied in this paper and therefore the use of the additional relation of currents for negative-sequence is under investigation. The fault signals from ATP-EMTP simulation on the sample double-circuit transmission line was applied for evaluating the fault location accuracy. References 8, figures 4, table 1.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Impedance protection"

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Wang, Jing. "Marine power system protection using active impedance estimation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.537689.

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袁綺珊 and Yee-shan Cherry Yuen. "High impedance fault detection and overvoltage protection in low voltage power systems." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31222146.

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Yuen, Yee-shan Cherry. "High impedance fault detection and overvoltage protection in low voltage power systems /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20735297.

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Wrinch, Michael C. "Negative sequence impedance measurement for distributed generator islanding detection." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/3418.

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This thesis presents a method of detecting electrical islands in low voltage distributed generator networks by measuring negative sequence impedance differences between islanded and utility connections. Extensive testing was conducted on a commercial building and 25 kV distributed generator fed network by measuring naturally occurring and artificially injected negative sequence components. Similarly, this technique was tested using the IEEE 399-1990 bus test case using the EMTP software. The practical measurements have been matched to simulations where further system performance characteristics of detecting power system islands has been successfully demonstrated. Measured results indicate that unbalanced load conditions are naturally occurring and readily measurable while deliberately unbalanced loads can increase the accuracy of negative sequence impedance islanding detection. The typically low negative sequence impedance of induction motors was found to have only a small effect in low voltage busses, though large machines can effect the threshold settings. Careful placement of the island detector is required in these situations. The negative sequence impedance measurement method is an improvement on previous impedance measurement techniques for islanding detection due to its accuracy, and distinctly large threshold window which have challenged previous impedance based islanding detection techniques.

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Hewett, Richard James. "Impedance algorithm for distance protection of non-homogenous 33 kv power distribution systems." Thesis, University of Bath, 1999. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.760727.

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GANDHI, JASPREET SINGH. "ELECTRODEPOSITION OF ORGANOFUNCTIONAL SILANES FOR IMPROVED CORROSION PROTECTION OF METALS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1097867674.

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Jeffers, Kenneth E. "Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for the characterization of corrosion and cathodic protection of buried pipelines." [Florida] : State University System of Florida, 1999. http://etd.fcla.edu/etd/uf/1999/amj9949/jeffers.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 1999.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xx, 206 p.; also contains graphics. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 202-205).

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Jayaraman, Vivek Adithya. "Protection of Falling Conductors into Flammable Vegetation Faults." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101901.

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Increasing modernization of the world has brought about a human component to natural disasters, which are exacerbated by the growing threat of climate change. The Western United States and Australia have witnessed some of the deadliest, costliest, and destructive wildfires in the recent past with downed electric power lines being a significant factor amongst the causes. The relationship between wildfires and powerlines is not a newly discovered phenomenon, however, utilities across the globe are struggling to find an optimal solution to this problem. While existing regulations allow utilities to schedule power shutdowns, they are often accompanied by massive financial losses and discomfort to consumers. Utilities also need to factor in the climatic conditions in the region of their service and the flammability of the vegetation surrounding their lines while making decisions pertaining to system planning, load shedding, and protection. This multi-faceted problem can be dealt with in multiple ways – one such technique involves detection of a falling line into sensitive vegetation before it encounters the earth. This approach essentially boils down the problem into detecting a single line open circuit fault. The open circuit is momentary and hence, speed is of the essence in such a protection scheme. In this thesis, detection of an open circuit is carried out in two different ways, viz., with and without communication support between the various elements of the system, with the latter technique being a novel proposal with the aim of achieving a secure protection scheme with minimal additional infrastructural requirements.
Master of Science
The contact of a live wire with the earth is a fault. While most faults can be cleared using traditional protection techniques, there is a higher risk associated with power lines that come in contact with dry surfaces, flammable plants, and bushes, which cannot be detected that easily. These surfaces offer very high resistance to the flow of current and are hence termed high impedance faults. These high impedance faults have the potential to spark and cause a fire, which can snowball into a wildfire depending on the geography and climatic conditions of the area. For years, this has been a major problem in places like Australia and California leading to loss of lives, power, and money, but the optimal solution is evasive. While several techniques to combat this problem exist, the focus of this thesis is essentially what is known as the Open Circuit Fault. The technique revolves around the detection of the fault while the falling conductor is midair. Given the short time frame, high-speed detection is of the essence. This thesis will focus on achieving open circuit detection without the need for any communication support and is a novel contribution to this field.

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Brown, Michael Carey. "Corrosion Protection Service Life of Epoxy Coated Reinforcing Steel in Virginia Bridge Decks." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27690.

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The corrosion protection service life extension provided by epoxy-coated reinforcement (ECR) was determined by comparing ECR and bare bar from 10 bridge decks built between 1981 and 1995. The objective was to determine the corrosion protection service life time extension provided by ECR field specimens with various degrees of coating adhesion: disbonded, partially disbonded, and wholly bonded coatings. The size and length distributions of cracks in Virginia bridge decks were investigated to assess the frequency and severity of cracks. Correlation of cracks with chloride penetration was used to characterize the influence of cracking on deck deterioration. Cracks influence the rate of chloride penetration, but the frequency and width distributions of cracks indicate that cracks are not likely to shorten the overall service life of most bridge decks in Virginia. Altogether, 141 drilled cores, 102 mm (4 inches) in diameter, were employed in this study. For each of the decks built with ECR, 10 to 12 cores were drilled through a top reinforcing bar adjacent to the previous study core locations. In addition, approximately 3 cores were drilled through a top reinforcing bar at a surface crack location. Laboratory testing involved nondestructive monitoring using advanced electrochemical techniques to periodically assess the corrosion state of the steel bars during cyclic exposure to chloride-rich solution over 22 months of treatment. Time of corrosion initiation and time of cracking (where applicable), as well as chloride content of the concrete before and after treatment, were used in the analysis. Less than 25 percent of all Virginia bridge decks built under specifications in place since 1981 is projected to corrode sufficiently to require rehabilitation within 100 years, regardless of bar type. The corrosion service life extension attributable to ECR in bridge decks was found to be approximately 5 years beyond that of bare steel.
Ph. D.

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Zaremski, Brian Zachary. "The Advancement of Adaptive Relaying in Power Systems Protection." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32121.

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The electrical distribution system in the United States is considered one of the most complicated machines in existence. Electrical phenomena in such a complex system can inflict serious self-harm. This requires damage prevention from protection schemes. Until recently, there was a safe gap between capacity to deliver power and the demand. Therefore, these protection schemes focused on dependability allowing the disconnection of lines, transformers, or other devices with the purpose of isolating the faulted element. On some occasions, the disconnections made were not necessary. The other extreme of reliability calls for security. This aspect of reliability calls for the operation of the protective devices only for faults within the intended area of protection. There is a tradeoff here; where a dependable protection scheme will assuredly prevent damage, it is prone to unnecessary operation which can lead to cascading outages. Where a secure scheme will not operate unnecessarily, it is prone to pieces of the system becoming damaged when relays fail to operate properly. With microprocessor based relaying schemes, a hybrid reliability focus is attainable through adaptive relaying. Adaptive relaying describes protection schemes that adjust settings and/or logic of operations based on the prevailing conditions of the system. These adjustments can help to avoid relay miss-operation. Adjustments could include, but are not limited to, the logging of data for post-mortem analysis, communication throughout the system, as well changing relay parameters. Several concepts will be discussed, one of which will be implemented to prove the value of the new tools available.
Master of Science

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Book chapters on the topic "Impedance protection"

1

Manikanta Varma, T., Ch Durga Prasad, and N. Srinivasu. "Differential Positive Sequence Impedance-Based Transmission Line Protection Scheme." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 323–32. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6772-4_28.

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Lv, Peng, Yiqing Liu, Guangbin Zhu, and Hanxiao Meng. "A Protection Based on Difference Between DG Impedance and Equivalent Impedance of Grid for Microgrid Transmission Line." In Proceedings of 2020 International Top-Level Forum on Engineering Science and Technology Development Strategy and The 5th PURPLE MOUNTAIN FORUM (PMF2020), 853–67. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9746-6_64.

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Eissa, M. M., M. H. Awadalla, and A. M. Sharaf. "A New High Impedance Fault Detection Technique Using Deep Learning Neural Network." In Artificial Intelligence Applications in Electrical Transmission and Distribution Systems Protection, 179–95. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367552374-7.

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Arun Bhaskar, M., A. Indhirani, and S. Premalatha. "Optimization of Impedance Mismatch in Distance Protection of Transmission Line with TCSC." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 1265–77. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2656-7_115.

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Wu, Xinchong, Wendi Zheng, Peiwen Qi, Tenglong Zhou, and Jianxiong Nie. "Analysis of the AC Side of Modular Multilevel Converters Under Asymmetric Arm Impedance Conditions." In Proceedings of PURPLE MOUNTAIN FORUM 2019-International Forum on Smart Grid Protection and Control, 549–58. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9779-0_45.

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Kus, E., M. Grunlan, W. P. Weber, N. Anderson, C. Webber, J. D. Stenger-Smith, P. Zarras, and F. Mansfeld. "Evaluation of the Protective Properties of Novel Chromate-Free Polymer Coatings Using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy." In New Developments in Coatings Technology, 297–322. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2007-0962.ch019.

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Renton, Tara. "Trigeminal Nerve Injuries." In Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for the Clinician, 515–29. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1346-6_25.

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AbstractThe trigeminal nerve constitutes the largest sensory cortex representation in the brain compared to any other sensory nerve. This is likely due to the fact that the trigeminal nerve underpins our very existence, as it protects, sensorially, our senses including the organs that provide sight, smell, taste, hearing, speech and meninges protecting our brain.Neurophysiologically, our affective and limbic systems in our brains are alerted before we even set foot in the dental surgery and the patient’s brain is anticipating and aligned for pain experience. Thus, when trigeminal nerve injuries occur, which in the main are preventable, the majority of patients experience mixed symptoms including ongoing and elicited neuropathic pain, numbness and altered sensation. These neuropathic features cause significant impact on the patients’ ability to function, for example, cold allodynia prevents the patient enjoying cold foods and drinks and undertaking outdoor activities or elicited pain on touch frequently interferes with sleep. The resultant chronic symptoms and functional impedance often result in significant psychological morbidity.There is no magic bullet to resolve these sensory nerve injuries, and our specialty is beholden to prevent nerve injuries where possible. The patient must have the appropriate consent, and their expectation is managed with understanding the potential benefits and risks for their chosen interventions.Prevention and management of nerve injuries related to local anaesthesia, implants and third molar surgery are outlined in this chapter. There is insufficient capacity to go in-depth for each area, but the author has provided up to date evidence base where it exists and some strategies to minimize and manage optimally these unfortunate complications.

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"Impedance at the Relay." In Power System Protection. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/9780470545591.ch9.

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Olivier, Marie-Georges, and Mireille Poelm. "Use of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) for the Evaluation of Electrocoatings Performances." In Recent Researches in Corrosion Evaluation and Protection. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/33844.

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"Electrochemical impedance monitoring of carbon fiber as an anode material in cathodic protection." In Concrete Repair, Rehabilitation and Retrofitting II, 317–18. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439828403-123.

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Conference papers on the topic "Impedance protection"

1

Jankovic, Ilija. "High Impedance Differential protection system versus Low Impedance Differential protection system." In 2015 68th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cpre.2015.7102213.

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Steynberg, Gustav. "Impedance protection for power transformers." In 2015 68th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cpre.2015.7102169.

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Holbach, Juergen. "Comparison between high impedance and low impedance bus differential protection." In 2009 62nd Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cpre.2009.4982541.

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Holbach, Juergen. "Comparison between high impedance and low impedance bus differential protection." In 2009 Power Systems Conference (PSC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/psamp.2009.5262334.

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Hunt, Rich. "Bus protection for impedance grounded systems." In 2009 62nd Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cpre.2009.4982531.

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Bertrand, P. "Low impedance restricted earth fault protection." In 7th International Conference on Developments in Power Systems Protection (DPSP 2001). IEE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:20010203.

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Kemp, C. E. F., and C. Frangeskou. "Standardisation of high impedance protection schemes." In 15th International Conference on Developments in Power System Protection (DPSP 2020). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2020.0115.

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Kemp, C. E. F., and P. G. Farmer. "Considerations for the application of high impedance and low impedance busbar protection." In 13th International Conference on Development in Power System Protection 2016 (DPSP). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2016.0022.

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Beierl, Ottmar, Ralph Brocke, and Martin Hannig. "Effectiveness of low-impedance down-conductors." In 2017 International Symposium on Lightning Protection (XIV SIPDA). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sipda.2017.8116907.

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Elkhatib, Mohamed E., and Abraham Ellis. "Communication-assisted impedance-based microgrid protection scheme." In 2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pesgm.2017.8274206.

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Reports on the topic "Impedance protection"

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Hosbein, Kathryn. The Application of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy to Immediately Diagnose the Protective Quality of Coatings on Artistic and Architectural Metalwork. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.3305.

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