Academic literature on the topic 'Implicature, presupposition'

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Journal articles on the topic "Implicature, presupposition"

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Parrish, Alicia, and Ailís Cournane. "A within-subjects comparison of the acquisition of quantity-related inferences." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 5, no. 1 (March 23, 2020): 558. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v5i1.4731.

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This study directly compares quantity inferences from scalar implicatures (‘Some of the ducks are black’) and uniqueness presuppositions in definites (‘the duck is black’) to exhaustivity inferences in English it-clefts (‘It’s the duck that’s black’) for which the theoretical literature disagrees on the source of inference – pragmatic (like scalar implicatures), or semantic (like presuppositions). We investigate whether within-subjects correlations in acquisition can inform us about the source of exhaustivity inferences. Assuming comprehension is achieved once the necessary basis for meaning is acquired, it-clefts should pattern with presupposition judgments if computing a presupposition is involved and should pattern with scalar implicature judgments if computing an implicature is involved. We conduct three experiments to test how closely it-cleft judgments pattern with other quantityrelated inferences, keeping materials maximally similar. The first two experiments test adult participants using a Truth Value Judgment Task and then a 3-point Rating Task; we find that adults’ response patterns to under-informative uses of these constructions differ both across individuals and across inference types, with the Rating Task giving more informative results. In the third experiment, we use the 3-point Rating Task with 4-, 5-, and 6- year olds to characterize response patterns across the three inference types for each individual subject. We find that the individual response patterns children exhibit are consistent with the theory that it-cleft exhaustivity shares an underlying cognitive source with the computation of presupposition inferences, but not with scalar implicature inferences.
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Lee, Hye-Kyung. "Presupposition and implicature under negation." Journal of Pragmatics 37, no. 5 (May 2005): 595–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2004.09.004.

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Stokke, Andreas. "II—Conventional Implicature, Presupposition, and Lying." Aristotelian Society Supplementary Volume 91, no. 1 (June 2017): 127–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arisup/akx004.

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Chanchaochai, Nattanun. "The interpretations of scalar implicatures, presuppositions, and implicated presupposition by Thai children with autism." Experiments in Linguistic Meaning 1 (July 30, 2021): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/elm.1.4877.

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Using the negated universal quantifiernot every, the study investigates the interpretations of scalar implicatures, lexical presuppositions, and implicated presuppositions by Thai children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs; n= 32), comparedto their typically-developing (TD) peers (n= 70) and adults (n= 40). The results provide further empirical evidence to the literature (Chevallier et al. 2010, Hochstein et al. 2017, Pijnacker et al. 2009) that not only do adolescents with ASD perform on par with TD adolescents,children with ASD are also age-appropriate in their performance on deriving scalar implicatures. Despite the children with ASD's ability to compute scalar implicature, they still tend to give more logical, literal responses, compared to their peers. Compared to adults, both children with ASD and TD children still have a higher tendency to rely on the logical meaning rather than pragmatically inferred meaning. They are also less likely than adults to derive scalar implicatures, but equally likely to derive lexical presuppositions. No additive effects of implicated presuppositions are found in any group of the participants.
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Kroeger, Paul R. "Translating Presuppositions." Bible Translator 70, no. 2 (August 2019): 167–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2051677019850262.

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Expressing source language (SL) presuppositions as presuppositions in the receptor language (RL) is sometimes impossible, due to linguistic differences between the languages. In other cases it can cause problems of comprehension or naturalness for RL readers, especially when the “presupposition” constitutes new information to the reader. The most common solution to such problems is to express the presupposed content as a separate assertion. This strategy preserves the propositional content of the original but distorts the information packaging. Another strategy that may be useful in such cases is to render the problematic SL presupposition as a conventional implicature, preserving the “backgrounded” status of the presupposed information without triggering an inference that this information is already known to the addressee.
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Marques, Teresa, and Manuel García-Carpintero. "Really Expressive Presuppositions and How to Block Them." Grazer Philosophische Studien 97, no. 1 (March 4, 2020): 138–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18756735-09701008.

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Kaplan (1999) argued that a different dimension of expressive meaning (“use-conditional”, as opposed to truth-conditional) is required to characterize the meaning of pejoratives, including slurs and racial epithets. Elaborating on this, writers have argued that the expressive meaning of pejoratives and slurs is either a conventional implicature (Potts 2007) or a presupposition (Macià 2002 and 2014, Schlenker 2007, Cepollaro and Stojanovic 2016). Here the authors argue that an expressive presuppositional theory accounts well for the data, but that expressive presuppositions are not just propositions to be added to a common ground. They hold that expressives, including pejoratives and slurs, make requirements on a contextual record governed by sui generis norms specific to affective attitudes and their expressions.
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Romoli, Jacopo, and Agata Renans. "Multiplicity and Modifiers." Journal of Semantics 37, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 455–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jos/ffaa005.

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Abstract A sentence with an adverbial modifier under negation like Mike didn’t wash the window with soap gives rise to an inference that Mike did wash the window. A sentence with a plural noun like Mike washed windows gives rise to a so-called ‘multiplicity’ inference that Mike washed multiple windows. In this note, we focus on the interaction between these two inferences in sentences containing both an adverbial modifier and a plural noun under negation, like Mike didn’t wash windows with soap. We observe that this sentence has a reading conveying that Mike didn’t wash any window with soap but that he did wash multiple windows (albeit not with soap). As we discuss, this reading is not predicted by any version of the implicature approach to the multiplicity inference, in combination with the implicature treatment of the inference of adverbial modifiers. We sketch two solutions for this problem. The first keeps the implicature approach to adverbial modifiers but adopts a non-implicature approach to multiplicity based on homogeneity. The second solution holds on to the implicature approach to the multiplicity inference but accounts for the inference of adverbial modifiers as a presupposition. In addition, it adopts the idea that presuppositions can be strengthened via implicatures, as proposed recently in the literature. Either way, the interaction between multiplicity and the inference of adverbial modifiers suggests that we cannot treat both as implicatures: if we want to treat either one as an implicature, we need to do something different for the other. We end by comparing the case above to analogous cases involving different scalar inferences and showing that the ambiguity approach to the multiplicity inference does not provide a solution to our problem.
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Karttunen, Lauri. "Presupposition: What went wrong?" Semantics and Linguistic Theory 26 (October 15, 2016): 705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/salt.v26i0.3954.

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When the first generation of generative linguists discovered presuppositions in the late 1960s and early 1970s, the initial set of examples was quite small. Aspectual verbs like stop were discussed already by Greek philosophers, proper names, Kepler, and definite descriptions, the present king of France, go back to Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell by the turn of the century. Just in the span of a few years my generation of semanticists assembled a veritable zoo of ‘presupposition triggers’ under the assumption that they were all of the same species. Generations of students have learned about presuppositions from Stephen Levinson’s 1983 book on Pragmatics that contains a list of 13 types of presupposition triggers, an excerpt of an even longer unpublished list attributed to a certain Lauri Karttunen. My task in this presentation is to come clean and show why the items on Levinson’s list should not have been lumped together. In retrospect it is strange that the early writings about presupposition by linguists and even by philosophers like Robert Stalnaker or Scott Soames do not make any reference to the rich palette of semantic relations they could have learned from Frege and later from Paul Grice. If we had known Frege’s concepts of Andeutung – Grice’s conventional implicature – and Nebengedanke, it would have been easy to see that there are types of author commitment that are neither entailments nor presuppositions.
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Salmon, William. "Conventional implicature, presupposition, and the meaning of must." Journal of Pragmatics 43, no. 14 (November 2011): 3416–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2011.07.011.

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Leahy, Brian. "Presuppositions and Antipresuppositions in Conditionals." Semantics and Linguistic Theory 21 (September 3, 2011): 257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/salt.v21i0.2613.

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Utterances of counterfactual conditionals are typically attended by the information that their antecedents are false. But there is as yet no account of the source of this information that is both detailed and complete. This paper describes the problem of counterfactual antecedent falsity and argues that the problem can be addressed by appeal to an adequate account of the presuppositions of various competing conditional constructions. It argues that indicative conditionals presuppose that their antecedents are epistemically possible, while subjunctive conditionals bear no presupposition. Given this arrangement, utterance of the counterfactual results in an antipresupposition, that is, a scalar implicature generated from the presuppositions of competing alternatives rather than from the at-issue content of competing alternatives. The content of the antipresupposition is the negation of the presupposition of the competing indicative, i.e., that the antecedent of the conditional is known to be false by the speaker.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Implicature, presupposition"

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García, Odón Amaia. "Presupposition projection and entailment relations." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/94496.

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In this dissertation, I deal with the problem of presupposition projection. I mostly focus on compound sentences composed of two clauses and conditional sentences in which the second clause carries a presupposition. The central claim is that the presupposition carried by the second clause projects by default, with the exception of cases in which the presupposition entails the first clause (or, in disjunctive sentences, the negation of the first clause). In the latter cases, the presupposition should not project, since it is logically stronger than the first clause (or its negation). Thus, in conjunctions, if the presupposition projected, the speaker’s assertion of the first clause would be uninformative. As for conditionals and disjunctions, if the presupposition projected, the speaker would show inconsistency in his/her beliefs by showing uncertainty about the truth value of the first clause (or its negation). I argue that, in conditionals, this uncertainty is conversationally implicated whereas, in disjunctions, it results from the context’s compatibility with the first disjunct. I maintain that, in cases where projection is blocked, the presupposition is conditionalized to the first clause (or its negation). I demonstrate that the conditionalization is motivated in a straightforward way by the pragmatic constraints on projection just described and that, contrary to what is defended by the so-called ‘satisfaction theory’, presupposition conditionalization is a phenomenon independent from local satisfaction.
En esta tesis, trato el problema de la proyección de presuposiciones. Me centro mayoritariamente en oraciones compuestas de dos cláusulas y en oraciones condicionales cuya segunda cláusula contiene una presuposición. El argumento central es que la presuposición contenida en la segunda cláusula proyecta por defecto, con la excepción de casos en los que la presuposición entraña la primera cláusula (o, en las oraciones disyuntivas, la negación de la primera cláusula). En estos últimos casos, la presuposición no debería proyectar, puesto que es lógicamente más fuerte que la primera cláusula (o su negación). Por tanto, en las oraciones conjuntivas, si la presuposición proyectase, la aseveración de la primera cláusula por parte del hablante no sería informativa. En cuanto a las oraciones condicionales y disyuntivas, si la presuposición projectase, el hablante mostraría inconsistencia en sus creencias al mostrar incertidumbre acerca del valor de verdad de la primera cláusula (o su negación). Sostengo que, en oraciones condicionales, esta incertidumbre es implicada conversacionalmente mientras que, en las oraciones disyuntivas, resulta de la compatibilidad contextual de la primera cláusula. Mantengo que, en casos en los que la proyección es bloqueada, la presuposición es condicionalizada a la primera cláusula (o su negación). Demuestro que la condicionalización es motivada de manera directa por las restricciones de tipo pragmático descritas arriba y que, contrariamente a la idea defendida por la así llamada ‘teoría de la satisfacción’, la condicionalización de la presuposición es un fenómeno independiente de la satisfacción local de la misma.
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Martin, Scott. "The Dynamics of Sense and Implicature." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1377010890.

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Gonzalez-Perez, Maria Alejandra. "Dependencia Contextual e Interpretación: Demostrativos y Pronombres en Español." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1276893199.

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Blažytė, Ingrida. "Nekontekstinė ir kontekstinė implikacija." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050531_215131-10387.

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The process of communication involves two types of meaning: explicit and implicit. An attempt is made to draw a distinction between two carriers of implicit meaning- presupposition and implicature. It is argued that presupposition is what the speaker assumes before making an utterance, and implicature is what the addressee infers from a linguistic structure used in an appropriate linguistic context. Implicature is of two types: non-contextual (or non-situational) and contextual (or situational). Although both types of implicature are determined by the context, they are generated using different types of context. Non-contextual implicature arises in contexts which are familiar to the addressee, while contextual implicature arises in contexts (situations) which are new to the addressee. Pragmatic competence is the ability to discover implicit meaning. Thus, of great importance is the description of the mechanism that carries implicit meaning. There are two such mechanisms: 1) linguistic structures used in appropriate linguistic contexts and 2) linguistic structures used in appropriate situations. The first mechanism is responsible for the generation of non-contextual implicature while the second mechanism is responsible for the generation of contextual implicature. Both types of implicature contribute to the economy of language. However, of the two types of implicature, the more important in the respect is contextual implicature- it makes possible to use one and the same... [to full text]
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Bade, Nadine [Verfasser], and Sigrid [Akademischer Betreuer] Beck. "Obligatory Presupposition Triggers in Discourse - Empirical Investigations of the Theories 'Maximize Presupposition' and 'Obligatory Implicatures' / Nadine Bade ; Betreuer: Sigrid Beck." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1164017853/34.

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Oliveira, Antonio Marmo da Cunha 1969. "Sistemas, pressuposições e implicaturas = uma investigação exploratória, lógica e filosófica." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279513.

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Orientador: Walter Alexandre Carnielli
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T13:14:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira_AntonioMarmodaCunha_M.pdf: 7643012 bytes, checksum: 1904b2b114fcf86253069cc0fe63eedb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Resumo: Neste trabalho investigaremos, do ponto de vista da lógica e da filosofia, os fenômenos pragmáticos conhecidos como pressuposição e implicatura, relacionando-os a traços mais gerais da racionalidade humana, como economia e consistência, e ao pluralismo da lógica atual, incluindo alguns tópicos de contenda entre a tradição clássica e as propostas alternativas recentes. Grice articulou uma análise destes fenômenos assentes em princípios para a conversação ou interação entre entes racionais e cooperativos. Divergimos da tradição griceana, postulando que as implicaturas são processadas por "clivagem de informações", ou por verificação de outros critérios lógicos, ao invés da mera exploração de máximas. Partindo de conceitos precisamente definidos, como pressuposição e implicatura, é possível construir um arcabouço lógico, a denominar sistemas pressuposicionais, que estendem outros sistemas lógicos (como, por exemplo, o cálculo proposicional) e cujos resultados exporemos
Abstract: In this work we shall, from the logical and philosophical standpoint, investigate two pragmatic phenomena known as presupposition and implicature, associating them to more general features of human rationality, such as economy and consistency, and to the current logical pluralism, including some controversies between the classical tradition and more recent alternative approaches. Grice has articulated an analysis of such phenomena based on principles governing conversation or interaction between cooperative and rational beings. We dissent from the gricean tradition, and proposing that implicatures are processed by the 'sieving of information', rather than by the mere exploitation of maxims. By providing precise definitions to the concepts of presupposition and implicature, it is possible to build a logical framework, to be called presuppositional systems, which either extend or generalise other logical systems (such as the propositional calculus, for instance), the results of which we shall present hereinafter
Mestrado
Filosofia
Mestre em Filosofia
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Romoli, Jacopo. "Soft but Strong. Neg-Raising, Soft Triggers, and Exhaustification." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10566.

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In this thesis, I focus on scalar implicatures, presuppositions and their connections. In chapter 2, I propose a scalar implicature-based account of neg-raising inferences, standardly analyzed as a presuppositional phenomenon (Gajewski 2005, 2007). I show that an approach based on scalar implicatures can straightforwardly account for the differences and similarities between neg-raising predicates and presuppositional triggers. In chapters 3 and 4, I extend this account to “soft” presuppositions, a class of presuppositions that are easily suspendable (Abusch 2002, 2010). I show how such account can explain the differences and similarities between this class of presuppositions and other presuppositions on the one hand, and scalar implicatures on the other. Furthermore, I discuss various consequences that it has with respect to the behavior of soft presuppositions in quantificational sentences, their interactions with scalar implicatures, and their effects on the licensing of negative polarity items. In chapter 5, I show that by looking at the interaction between presuppositions and scalar implicatures we can solve a notorious problem which arises with conditional sentences like (1) (Soames 1982, Karttunen and Peters 1979). The main issue with (1) is that it is intuitively not presuppositional and this is not predicted by any major theory of presupposition projection. (1) I’ll go, if you go too. Finally, I explore in more detail the question of which alternatives should we consider in the computation of scalar implicatures (chapter 6). Traditionally, the answer has been to consider the subset of logically stronger alternatives than the assertion. Recently, however, arguments have been put forward in the literature for including also logically independent alternatives. I support this move by presenting some novel arguments in its favor and I show that while allowing new alternatives makes the right predictions in various cases, it also causes an under- and an over-generation problem. I propose a solution to each problem, based on a novel recursive algorithm for checking which alternatives are to be considered in the computation of scalar implicatures and the role of focus (Rooth 1992, Fox and Katzir 2011).
Linguistics
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Lebedeva, Ekaterina. "Expression de la dynamique du discours à l'aide de continuations." Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00783245.

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This thesis develops a theoretical formalism of formal semantics of natural language in the spirit of Montague semantics. The developed framework satisfies the principle of compositionality in a simple and elegant way, by being as parsimonious as possible: completely new formalisms or extensions of existing formalisms with even more complex constructions to fit particular linguistic phenomena have been avoided; instead, the framework handles these linguistic phenomena using only basic and well-established formalisms, such as simply-typed lambda calculus and classical logic. Dynamics is achieved by employing a continuation-passing technique and an exception raising and handling mechanism. The context is explicitly represented by a term, and, therefore, can be easily accessed and manipulated. The framework successfully handles cross-sentential anaphora and presuppositions triggered by referring expressions and has potential to be extended for dealing with more complex dynamic phenomena, such as presuppositions triggered by factive verbs and conversational implicatures.
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CHOU, Chung-Ai, and 周崇愛. "A Study of Mandarin Deixis, Presupposition and Implicature in The Opium War Period." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50186845902784285935.

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碩士
政治作戰學校
外國語文學系
84
A central concern of this study is to explore whether the words and expressions used in the Ching dynasty were appropriate or not, by means of pragmatic approaches-i.e, Deixis, Presupposition amd Implicature, when the Ching faced the intrusion of the Westerners'warship which brought about the first Sino-British Opium War. This study analyzes Chinese Mandarin deictic expressions (including person, time, place, discourse and social Deixis). This study also describes the presupposition based on the Ching diplomatic literature in order to interpret the implicatural conversations between the Ching and the British officials. This intends to realize how language would influence the Opium War during that time.
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Bertrand, Anne. "Exclamatives en -tu, donc et assez en français québécois : types et sous-types." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11505.

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Nous soutenons dans ce mémoire qu'il existe, en français québécois, deux sous-types de constructions exclamatives. Située dans un cadre théorique qui participe à la fois de la philosophie du langage (la théorie des actes de langage, Austin, 1962; Searle 1969, Searle, 1979; Searle et Vanderveken 1985) et de la linguistique (la théorie des types de phrase, Sadock et Zwicky, 1985; Reis, 1999), notre analyse porte sur un ensemble de constructions exclamatives en apparence synonymes qui impliquent respectivement les morphèmes -tu, donc et assez (1). (1) Elle est-tu/donc/assez belle! Nous démontrons que si ces exclamatives satisfont aux critères d'identification des constructions exclamatives donnés par Zanuttini et Portner (2003) (factivité, évaluativité/implicature scalaire, expressivité/orientation vers le locuteur et incompatibilité avec les paires de question/réponse), les actes de langage exclamatifs servis par les exclamatives en -tu/donc n'ont pas les mêmes conditions de félicité que les actes de langage exclamatifs servis par les exclamatives en assez. En effet, les exclamatives en -tu/donc imposent une contrainte sur leur contexte d'énonciation par rapport à la position épistémique de l'interlocuteur, lequel doit être en mesure de corroborer le jugement exprimé par le locuteur au moyen de l'exclamative. Les exclamatives en assez n'imposent pas de telle contrainte. Nous démontrons que cette distinction pragmatique peut être corrélée avec des distinctions sémantiques et syntaxiques et concluons qu'il existe bien deux sous-types de constructions exclamatives en français québécois. En ce sens, notre recherche ouvre de nouvelles perspectives empiriques et théoriques pour la description et l'analyse de la grammaire des actes de langage exclamatifs.
In this thesis, we argue that there are two subtypes of exclamative clauses in Quebec French. Based on the Speech Act theory (Austin, 1962; Searle, 1969; Searle & Vanderveken, 1985) and the Clause Type theory (Sadock & Zwicky, 1985; Reis, 1999), our analysis is concerned with a set of seemingly synonymous exclamative constructions respectively marked by the exclamative morphemes -tu, donc, and assez (1). (1) Elle est-tu/donc/assez belle! 'Isn't she pretty!/She's so pretty!' We show that despite the fact that exclamative constructions with -tu, donc, and assez all meet the criteria for the exclamative clause type given by Zanuttini and Portner (2003) (factivity, evaluativity/scalar implicature, expressivity/speaker orientedness and inability to appear in question/answer pairs), exclamative speech acts performed by uttering exclamative constructions with -tu/donc have different felicity conditions than exclamative speech acts performed by uttering exclamative constructions with assez. For an exclamative construction with -tu/donc to be uttered felicitously, the hearer must be in a specific epistemic state: she must be able to corroborate the judgment expressed by the speaker. Exclamative constructions with assez are not subject to such a constraint. We show that this pragmatic distinction can be correlated with syntactic and semantic distinctions and conclude that there are, indeed, two subtypes of exclamative clauses in Quebec French. Our research thus opens new empirical and theoretical perspectives for the description and analysis of the grammar of speech acts.
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Books on the topic "Implicature, presupposition"

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Sauerland, Uli, and Penka Stateva, eds. Presupposition and Implicature in Compositional Semantics. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230210752.

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Pistoia-Reda, Salvatore, and Filippo Domaneschi, eds. Linguistic and Psycholinguistic Approaches on Implicatures and Presuppositions. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50696-8.

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Bangura, Abdul Karim. The presuppositions and implicatures of the Founding Fathers. East Rockaway, NY: Cummings & Hathaway Publishers, 1997.

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Presupposition and Implicature in Compositional Semantics (Palgrave Studies in Pragmatics, Languages and Cognition). Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.

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Sawada, Osamu. Landscape of scalar meanings. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198714224.003.0002.

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Chapter 2 provides the landscape of scalar meanings and highlights the target phenomenon of this book—the phenomenon of the dual use of scalar modifiers. More specifically, four kinds of scalar meanings are introduced: at-issue scalar meaning, conversational scalar meaning, presuppositional scalar meaning, and conventional implicature (CI) scalar meaning. There follows an informal examination of the dual-use phenomenon of scalar modifiers where a scalar modifier can express an at-issue scalar meaning and a CI scalar meaning. The similarities and differences between a CI and a presupposition are also considered. It is claimed that a CI and a presupposition belong to a different class of meaning and should theoretically be treated differently.
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Camp, Elisabeth. A Dual Act Analysis of Slurs. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758655.003.0003.

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Slurs are incendiary terms—many deny that sentences containing them can ever be true. And utterances where they occur embedded within normally “quarantining” contexts, like conditionals and indirect reports, can still seem offensive. At the same time, others find that sentences containing slurs can be true; and there are clear cases where embedding does inoculate a speaker from the slur’s offensiveness. This chapter argues that four standard accounts of the “other” element that differentiates slurs from their more neutral counterparts—semantic content, perlocutionary effect, presupposition, and conventional implicature—all fail to account for this puzzling mixture of intuitions. Instead, it proposes that slurs make two distinct, coordinated contributions to a sentence’s conventional communicative role.
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Nunberg, Geoff. The Social Life of Slurs. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198738831.003.0010.

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The words we call slurs are just plain vanilla descriptions. They don’t semantically convey any disparagement of their referents, whether as content, conventional implicature, presupposition, “coloring” or mode of presentation. To use a slur is to exploit the Maxim of Manner to assert one’s affiliation with a group that has a disparaging attitude towards the word’s referent. Kraut is simply the conventional description for Germans among Germanophobes when they are speaking in that capacity. This account explains the familiar properties of slurs, such as their speaker orientation and “nondetachability,” as well as a number of unexplored features, such as the variation in tone among the different slurs for a particular group, with no need of additional linguistic mechanisms.
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Green, Mitchell S. Assertion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935314.013.8.

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Assertion is here approached as a social practice developed through cultural evolution. This perspective will facilitate inquiry into questions concerning what role assertion plays in communicative life, what norms it is subject to, and whether every viable linguistic community must have a practice of assertion. The author’s evolutionary perspective will further enable us to ask how assertion relates to other communicative practices such as conversational implicature, indirect speech acts, presupposition, and, more broadly, the kinematics of conversation. It will also motivate a resolution of debates between conventionalist and intentionalist approaches to this speech act by explaining how those who make assertions can embody their intentions to perform an act of a certain kind. The chapter closes with a discussion of how assertoric practice can be compromised by patterns of malfeasance on the part of a speaker and by injustice within her milieu.
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Domaneschi, Filippo, and Salvatore Pistoia-Reda. Linguistic and Psycholinguistic Approaches on Implicatures and Presuppositions. Palgrave Macmillan, 2017.

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Domaneschi, Filippo, and Salvatore Pistoia-Reda. Linguistic and Psycholinguistic Approaches on Implicatures and Presuppositions. Palgrave Macmillan, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Implicature, presupposition"

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Potts, Christopher. "Presupposition and Implicature." In The Handbook of Contemporary Semantic Theory, 168–202. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118882139.ch6.

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Schlenker, Philippe. "Transparency: An Incremental Theory of Presupposition Projection." In Presupposition and Implicature in Compositional Semantics, 214–42. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230210752_8.

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Sauerland, Uli, and Penka Stateva. "Introduction." In Presupposition and Implicature in Compositional Semantics, 1–11. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230210752_1.

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Beck, Sigrid. "Quantifier Dependent Readings of Anaphoric Presuppositions." In Presupposition and Implicature in Compositional Semantics, 12–33. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230210752_2.

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Eckardt, Regine. "Licensing or." In Presupposition and Implicature in Compositional Semantics, 34–70. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230210752_3.

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Fox, Danny. "Free Choice and the Theory of Scalar Implicatures." In Presupposition and Implicature in Compositional Semantics, 71–120. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230210752_4.

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Jäger, Gerhard. "Partial Variables and Specificity." In Presupposition and Implicature in Compositional Semantics, 121–62. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230210752_5.

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Kritka, Manfred. "Negated Antonyms: Creating and Filling the Gap." In Presupposition and Implicature in Compositional Semantics, 163–77. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230210752_6.

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Percus, Orin. "A Pragmatic Constraint on Adverbial Quantification." In Presupposition and Implicature in Compositional Semantics, 178–213. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230210752_7.

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Spector, Benjamin. "Aspects of the Pragmatics of Plural Morphology: On Higher-Order Implicatures." In Presupposition and Implicature in Compositional Semantics, 243–81. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230210752_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Implicature, presupposition"

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Jeretic, Paloma, Alex Warstadt, Suvrat Bhooshan, and Adina Williams. "Are Natural Language Inference Models IMPPRESsive? Learning IMPlicature and PRESupposition." In Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.acl-main.768.

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Syartanti, Nadya Inda. "Implicature and Presupposition of Japanese Conversation in 'Minna no Nihongo Volume II' (A Pragmatic Study)." In International Conference on Language Phenomena in Multimodal Communication (KLUA 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/klua-18.2018.22.

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