Relevant bibliographies by topics / Implicatures

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Implicatures'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Implicatures"

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Wahyuningsih, Hikmah, and Zainal Rafli. "IMPLIKATUR PERCAKAPAN DALAM STAND UP COMEDY 4." BAHTERA : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra 16, no. 2 (July 2, 2017): 139–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/bahtera.162.09.

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AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh pemahaman mendalam mengenai jenis implikatur, sifat implikatur dan maksim kerja sama dalam Stand Up Comedy 4 Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan November 2016 hingga Januari 2017 melalui video rekaman stand up comedy 4. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada implikatur, dengan subfokus jenis implikatur, sifat implikatur, dan maksim kerja sama. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, dengan cara mengumpulkan data, mengolah data, menganalisis data, dan menyajikan data. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat terdapat dua jenis implikatur yaitu implikatur percakapan dan implikatur konvensional, tiga sifat implikatur, yaitu sifat daya batal, daya pisah, dan daya kalkulabilitas, serta maksim kerja sama, maksim kuantitatif, maksim kualitatif, maksim cara, dan maksim relevansi. Kategori-kategori tersebut tersebar ke dalam beberapa jenis yang memiliki fungsinya masing-masing.Kata Kunci : Jenis Implikatur, Sifat Implikatur, Maksim Kerja SamaAbstractThis study aimed to obtain understanding of the types of implicatures, implicature and maxims of cooperation in Stand Up Comedy 4 Indonesia. The study was conducted from November 2016 to January 2017 through a stand up comedy 4 video recording. The study focused on implicatures, with sub-types of implicatur, implicature, and cooperation maxims. This research is a qualitative research, by collecting data, processing data, analyzing data, and presenting data. The results of this study indicate that there are two types of implicatures: conversational implicatures and conventional implicatures, three implicature properties, namely the nature of invalidity, separation, and calculability, and maxim of cooperation, quantitative maxim, qualitative maxim, maxim of means, and maxim relevance . The categories are spread into several types that have their respective functions.Keywords: Type of Implicatures, implicature, Maximize Cooperation
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Nurhaliza, Siti, and Zulfan Sahri. "IMPLICATURE IN SAIKIRAN’S STAND UP COMEDY SCRIPT DARK SKIN AND GETTING MARRIED." JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE 3, no. 2 (November 29, 2021): 114–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.30743/jol.v3i2.4490.

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This research focuses on implicature in Saikiran’s Stand Up Comedy Script Dark Skin and Getting Married. By using Grice theory of implicature, the make up of this research strongly refers to the use of descriptive qualitative method to process the data, which are originally taken from the script. The analysis reveals two types of implicature i.e. cconventional implicatures and conversational implicatures. Conventional implicature is associated with the general meaning and also related to specific words (but, and, even). Meanwhile, conversational implicature verifies two types, i.e. generalized conversational implicature and particularized conversational implicature. There are 13 data referring to cconventional implicatures and 4 data to conversational implicatures (2 data generalized conversational implicatures and 2 data particularized conversational implicatures). The results of this research indicate that Saikiran uses those implicatures when he wants the audience to understand about his life condition in funny ways, and the audience will possibly find it difficult to understand if they do not know his utterances in the contexts.
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Rett, Jessica. "Manner implicatures and how to spot them." International Review of Pragmatics 12, no. 1 (February 13, 2020): 44–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18773109-01201105.

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Abstract The goal of this paper is to help develop a general picture of conversational implicature (Grice, 1975) by looking beyond scalar implicature to see how the phenomenon behaves in a general sense. I focus on non-scalar Quantity implicatures and Manner implicatures. I review canonical examples of Manner implicature, as well as a more recent, productive one involving gradable adjective antonym pairs (Rett, 2015). Based on these data, I argue that Manner implicatures—and conversational implicatures generally—are distinguishable primarily by their calculability; their reinforceability; their discourse sensitivity (to the Question Under Discussion; Roberts, 1990; van Kuppevelt, 1995; Simons et al., 2011); and their embeddability (under negation, propositional attitude verbs, quantifiers, etc.). I use these data to draw conclusions about the usefulness of implicature-specific operators and about ways to compositionally represent conversational implicatures.
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Auliyah, Nia, Sumarsih ., and Amrin Saragih. "CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURE OF ARSY AND ARSYA IN YOUTUBE CHANNEL." LINGUISTIK TERAPAN 17, no. 3 (January 9, 2021): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/lt.v17i3.22450.

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The aims of this study were to describe the kinds of Conversational Implicarture, to explain the ways of performing implicature and to describe the contex of implicature by Arsy And Arsya in Youtube channel. This research was conducted by using qualitative descriptive design. The data were the utterences of Arsy and Arsya in Youtube Channel. The data analyzes by using theory of conversational implicature.the result of this study were 1) the kinds of conversational implicatures used by Arsy and Arsya found in the text, they are Qualitative Maxim, Quantitative Maxim, Relevant Maxim, and Mannner Maxim. The analysis has found that Quantitative appeares in Arsy and Arsya YouTube Channel. (2)The process of conversational implicatures used by Arsy and Arsya in Wonderland YouTube Channel is realized through politeness strategies. (3) The reasons of the realization of conversational implicatures used by Arsy and Arsya in Wonderland YouTube Channel is realized through the system of tenor formed as [unequal/informal/positive/frequent]. It is found that there are are four. They are involved Bald on Record, Positive Politeness, Negative Politeness, and Off the Record. Off the record is the higher result found. Since she give codes to the hearer to get what her intentions, and it sometimes coded by gesture. . While in Arsya’s utterances, the types of politeness implicatures found are three. They are involved Bald on Record,Positive Politeness, and Off the Record. Off the record is the higher result found. Since she give codes to the hearer to get what her intentions, and it sometimes coded by gesture.Keywords: Implicature, Conversational Implicatuer, Politeness, Tenor, Discourse
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Auliyah, Nia, Sumarsih ., and Amrin Saragih. "CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURE OF ARSY AND ARSYA IN YOUTUBE CHANNEL." LINGUISTIK TERAPAN 17, no. 3 (January 9, 2021): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/lt.v17i3.22450.

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The aims of this study were to describe the kinds of Conversational Implicarture, to explain the ways of performing implicature and to describe the contex of implicature by Arsy And Arsya in Youtube channel. This research was conducted by using qualitative descriptive design. The data were the utterences of Arsy and Arsya in Youtube Channel. The data analyzes by using theory of conversational implicature.the result of this study were 1) the kinds of conversational implicatures used by Arsy and Arsya found in the text, they are Qualitative Maxim, Quantitative Maxim, Relevant Maxim, and Mannner Maxim. The analysis has found that Quantitative appeares in Arsy and Arsya YouTube Channel. (2)The process of conversational implicatures used by Arsy and Arsya in Wonderland YouTube Channel is realized through politeness strategies. (3) The reasons of the realization of conversational implicatures used by Arsy and Arsya in Wonderland YouTube Channel is realized through the system of tenor formed as [unequal/informal/positive/frequent]. It is found that there are are four. They are involved Bald on Record, Positive Politeness, Negative Politeness, and Off the Record. Off the record is the higher result found. Since she give codes to the hearer to get what her intentions, and it sometimes coded by gesture. . While in Arsya’s utterances, the types of politeness implicatures found are three. They are involved Bald on Record,Positive Politeness, and Off the Record. Off the record is the higher result found. Since she give codes to the hearer to get what her intentions, and it sometimes coded by gesture.Keywords: Implicature, Conversational Implicatuer, Politeness, Tenor, Discourse
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Zakaria, Jelita, Ira Yuniati, and Erwin Fajar Wijaya. "Implikatur Tegur Sapa dalam Bahasa Melayu Bengkulu." LITERATUR: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra dan Pengajaran 1, no. 2 (June 11, 2021): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/literatur.v1i2.2401.

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This study aims to describe the implicatures in Bengkulu Malay greetings in Teluk Segara District, Bengkulu City. The method used is descriptive method. Based on the results of the research on the greeting implicatures in the Bengkulu Malay language greeting in the Teluk Segara sub-district, Bengkulu City, it can be concluded that there are 22 greeting implicatures which are divided into two, namely, a) conversation implicature with 3 data; b) conventional implicature as many as 19 data. Keywords: Bengkulu Malay, Implicature, Greet Greetings
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Auliyah, Nia, Sumarsih ., and Amrin Saragih. "CONVERSATION IMPLICATURE OF ARSY AND ARSYA IN YOUTUBE CHANNEL." LINGUISTIK TERAPAN 18, no. 1 (June 3, 2021): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/lt.v18i1.25382.

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ABSTRACTThe aims of this study were to describe the kinds of Conversational Implicarture, to explain the ways of performing implicature and to describe the contex of implicature by Arsy And Arsya in Youtube channel. This research was conducted by using qualitative descriptive design. The data were the utterences of Arsy and Arsya in Youtube Channel. The data analyzes by using theory of conversational implicature.the result of this study were 1) the kinds of conversational implicatures used by Arsy and Arsya found in the text, they are Qualitative Maxim, Quantitative Maxim, Relevant Maxim, and Mannner Maxim. The analysis has found that Quantitative appeares in Arsy and Arsya YouTube Channel. (2)The process of conversational implicatures used by Arsy and Arsya in Wonderland YouTube Channel is realized through politeness strategies. (3) The reasons of the realization of conversational implicatures used by Arsy and Arsya in Wonderland YouTube Channel is realized through the system of tenor formed as [unequal/informal/positive/frequent]. It is found that there are are four. They are involved Bald on Record, Positive Politeness, Negative Politeness, and Off the Record. Off the record is the higher result found. Since she give codes to the hearer to get what her intentions, and it sometimes coded by gesture. . While in Arsya’s utterances, the types of politeness implicatures found are three. They are involved Bald on Record,Positive Politeness, and Off the Record. Off the record is the higher result found. Since she give codes to the hearer to get what her intentions, and it sometimes coded by gesture. Keywords: Implicature, Conversational Implicatur, Politeness, Tenor, Interaction
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Betti, Mohammed Jasim, and Noor Sattar Khalaf. "A Pragma-Stylistic Study of Implicature in Shakespeare's Hamlet and Twelfth Night." International Linguistics Research 4, no. 3 (September 2, 2021): p12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/ilr.v4n3p12.

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Implicature is commonly defined as the dissimilarity between what is said and what is meant. The variance lies between the conspicuous meaning of written and spoken words and the meaning that lies beneath what is said. This study aims at analyzing and discussing Shakespeare's Hamlet and Twelfth Night in terms of generalized and particularized conversational and conventional implicature. The model used in the analysis is coined from a variety of pragmatic theories, implicature, Grice's maxims, irony, indirect speech acts, context, and hedges. It is hypothesized that the number of implicature cases in Twelfth Night is bigger than that in Hamlet, generation of implicatures by the characters in the two plays is highly determined by social factors, Hamlet and Cesario use implicature more than other characters, the most used implicature is the particularized one, the purpose of using implicatures differs in the plays, implicature is generated from flouting Grice's maxims and most implicatures are made by violating the relation maxim. The study concludes that the implications in Hamlet are more than those in Twelfth Night, that Shakespeare uses two implicatures generalized and particularized, and that Implicature in Hamlet and Twelfth Night is generated mostly by violating the maxims of quality. As for the least flouted maxim in the two plays is the maxim of quantity.
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Irawati, Ika, Sulastri Sulastri, and Deddy Meirawan. "An Analysis of Implicature in SMP Negeri 4 Soromandi." JIIP - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan 5, no. 12 (December 5, 2022): 5814–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v5i12.1305.

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The purpose of this study is to determine the types of implicatures and the function of implicatures used by teachers when interacting with students in the classroom during the learning process. The reason for this research is because it wants to provide sources of information or references regarding the types of implicatures and the functions of implicatures that are expected to be useful for the institution where the researcher conducts the study, for teachers, for other students, other researchers or readers. This study used descriptive qualitative method. There are two videos that are used as a source of research data. The videos show the activities of the learning process in the classroom and the interactions between teachers and students. Collecting research data, the researcher transcribes the videos accurately in written form, and then classifies the transcription data based on the types of implicatures and implicature functions so that the data can be easily identified and analyzed. After all the data has been collected, the researcher analyzes the data and draws conclusions. The results of this study indicate that: (1) There are 13 types of implicatures and there are 96 implicature functions used by teachers in the videos used as research data. Implicature types are divided into 2 conventional types and 11 unconventional types. Meanwhile, the implicature functions are divided into 36 assertive functions, 29 directive functions, 28 expressive functions, and 3 commissive functions.
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Kausar, Aziz Rio, Kasmantoni Kasmantoni, and Bustomi Bustomi. "Implication of Conversation in Interactive Dialogue of Public Eyes in Trans 7." Jadila: Journal of Development and Innovation in Language and Literature Education 2, no. 3 (February 17, 2022): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52690/jadila.v2i3.212.

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The phenomenon of implicature is also found in many television programs, such as talk shows, comedy programs, and programs with the concept of motivating listeners or viewers . This research is only about the implicatures of conversation in the interactive dialogue of mata najwa with public officials at Trans7. The problem in this research is how is the function of conversational implicature in the interactive dialogue of Mata Najwa in Trans7. The goal to be achieved in this study is to describe how the function of conversational implicatures in the interactive dialogue between Mata Najwa and Public Officials in Trans7. This research is a research with descriptive qualitative method . Data collection is done by recording and note-taking techniques. Data analysis was carried out through several procedures: (1) data reduction (data selection and data coding), (2) data presentation, and (3) conclusion drawing and data verification . Based on the results of data analysis and discussion, the conclusion of this study the researchers found the function of conversational implicatures in the interactive dialogue of Mata Najwa Trans7 with public officials. The four implicature functions in the form of speech acts are the conversational implicature function in representative speech, the conversational implicature function in commissive speech, the conversational implicature function in directive speech, and conversational implicature in expressive speech. In addition, the researcher also found the meanings of conversational implicatures contained in Mata Najwa Trans7's interactive dialogue with public officials, there were (17) seventeen implicature intentions. These purposes include: 1) stating, 2) explaining, 3) speculating, 4) showing, 5) informing, 6) admitting, 7) giving testimony, 8) reporting, 9) refusing, 10) inviting, 11) urged, 12) suggested, 13) forbade, 14) pleaded, 15) criticized, 16) blamed, 17) insinuated. The most common conversational implicatures in Mata Najwa Trans7's interactive dialogue are conversational implicatures in the representative speech function with a total of 26 utterances. The meaning that appears the most is the intention ( state ).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Implicatures"

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Thomas, Guillaume (Guillaume Pierre Yves). "Temporal implicatures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77806.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 207-213).
This dissertation proposes a theory of temporal implicatures, and applies it to the study of tense in Mbyá Guaraní. It is composed of two parts. In the first one, I discuss the analyses of temporal implicatures developed by Musan (1995, 1997) and Magri (2009). Although I argue in favor of Magri's (2009) analysis, I reject two aspects of his proposal: that tense is universally or generically quantified in individual level sentences, and that the present tense is vacuous (following Sauerland 2002). Building on the semantics of tense presented in chapter 2, I propose a revision of Magri's analysis in chapter 3, which integrates Katzir's (2008) theory of structurally defined alternatives, and relies on a more conservative non-vacuous analysis of the present. Sauerland's (2002) arguments that the present tense is vacuous are criticized in chapter 5. In the second part of the dissertation, I study the expression and interpretation of tense in Mbyá. Like its close relative Paraguayan Guarani, Mbyá has two temporal morphemes -kue and -rã that can be used either in clauses or inside noun phrases. However, the nominal uses of -kue and -rã license inferences that are not attested in their clausal uses. This lead Tonhauser (2006, 2007, 2011b) to argue that the nominal uses of -kue and -rã are not tenses, and that Paraguayan Guarani is a tenseless language. I challenge both of these claims in Mbyá. After presenting a descriptive overview of the expression of tense in Mbyá in chapter 6, I argue in chapter 7 that -kue in its clausal uses is best analyzed as a relative past tense, and -rã as a future oriented modal. I conclude that Mbyá is not a tenseless language. In chapter 8, I propose a unified analysis of nominal and clausal uses of -kue and -rã. I argue that the special properties of their nominal uses are due to the interaction between temporal implicatures and independently attested presuppositions of noun phrases. I show that these temporal implicatures are also attested in clausal uses of -kue and -rã, although they are obligatory in their nominal uses, while they can be blocked in their clausal uses. I propose an explanation of this contrast.
by Guillaume Thomas.
Ph.D.
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Ivlieva, Natalia. "Implicatures in Agreement." University of Arizona Linguistics Circle, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/253454.

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The paper accounts for a puzzling agreement behavior of disjunctions, namely the fact that in certain environments plural agreement with a subject-disjunction is possible, even though both disjuncts are singular. I argue that such behavior is driven by the theory of implicatures. In particular, I argue that disjunction is a predicate and it can have plural feature, which closes the predicate under sum formation; second, this plural feature triggers a multiplicity implicature along the lines of Zweig 2009. When this implicature is in conflict with an exclusivity implicature generated by the scalar item or, the plural feature is blocked, hence no possibility of plural agreement. In environments where such conflict does not arise, plural agreement is possible.
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Marty, Paul P. "Implicatures in the DP domain." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113778.

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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2017.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 223-232).
In this thesis, I investigate a set of apparently disparate phenomena that relate, more or less closely, to the interpretation of Determiner Phrases (DPs): the restrictiveness effects associated with NP modification, the proper partitivity effects associated with the use of partitive of, the disjoint reference 'i-within-i' effects and finally anti-presuppositions. In the previous literature, these interpretative effects have been subsumed under different generalizations and accounted for by means of different primitive principles (e.g., Minimize Restrictors!, The 'i-within-i' Condition, Maximize Presupposition!). The claim that I put forward in this thesis is twofold. First of all, I show that, upon closer examination, all these phenomena are reducible to the theory of implicatures. Second, I argue that an implicature-based approach to these phenomena offers a better empirical coverage of the relevant effects than previously achieved. Capitalizing on Magri (2009, 2011, 2014, and subsequent works), I will offer a conceptualization of implicature computation on which assertive and pre-suppositional implicatures are derived in grammar, allowing a uniform account of the phenomena of interest.
by Paul P. Marty.
Ph. D.
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Chemla, Emmanuel. "Présuppositions et implicatures scalaires : études formelles et expérimentales." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0164.

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L'objectif de cette thèse est de mettre en parallèle deux types d'inférences pragmatiques : les implicatures scalaires et les présuppositions. Dans une première partie, j'étudie les interactions possibles entre les deux phénomènes : les anti-présuppositions. Dans une deuxième partie, je m'intéresse au problème de la projection : comment prédire les présuppositions (ou les implicatures) d'une phrase complexe à partir des présuppositions (ou des implicatures) de ses parties ? J'établis de nouvelles données empiriques et psychologiques et présente une réponse unifiée à la question pour les deux phénomènes, ainsi que pour les inférences dites de "libre choix"
The goal of this work is to compare two types of pragmatic inferences: scalar implicatures and presuppositions. First, I study the interaction between the two phenomena: ant-presuppositions Second, I consider the projection problem: can we predict the presuppositions (or the implicatures) of a complex sentence from the presupposition (or the implicatures) of its sub-parts? I reveal new emipirical and psychological data and I exhibit a unified answer to the problem for both phenomen, as well as for so-called free choice inferences
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Omara, Salma. "The comprehension of conversational implicatures : a cross- cultural study." Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/862271.

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Research shows that L2 learners' communicative problems are often pragmatic in nature. Pragmatic competence has been defined as the ability to recognize the force and the intended meaning of an utterance by making judgments about its appropriateness (Thomas 1983). Studies on interlanguage pragmatics have provided evidence that conversational strategies differ cross-linguistically and cross-culturally. Also, recent studies on the way native and nonnative speakers of English comprehend and understand conversational implicatures (Bouton 1988, 1989, 1990) have revealed that non-native speakers of English do not interpret implicatures the way native speakers do and that this is due to cultural differences.This study investigated the way native speakers of Arabic and (American) English interpret and comprehend implicatures. It was hypothesized that, as a part of their communicative competence, the Arab speakers' ability to interpret implicatures in English may be influenced by four variables: 1) overall proficiency level in English (measured by standardized ESL tests); 2) length of exposure to American culture; 3) level of motivation to learn English andattitudes toward Americans and American culture; and 4) strategic interference due to the differences in pragmatic functions between Arabic and English.136 subjects (61 Arabs and 75 Americans) participated in this study, which employed three empirical instruments: 1) an implicature questionnaire designed in the form of a multiple-choice test to test the native and nonnative subjects' comprehension of implicatures; 2) a motivation/attitudes questionnaire to measure the non-native subjects' motivational levels for learning English and their attitudes towards American culture and people; and 3) the Michigan Proficiency Test, a standardized test of grammar, vocabulary, and reading comprehension. In addition, a post-test interview was used to gather information from non-native speakers regarding the choices made on each implicature question.Statistical analyses of the results revealed significant differences between native and nonnative speakers in their comprehension and interpretation of implicatures. In a multiple-regression, length of stay was found to be a significant predictor of non-native speakers' comprehension of implicatures.
Department of English
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Ivlieva, Natalia. "Scalar implicatures and the grammar of plurality and disjunction." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84418.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2013.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 135-139).
This dissertation explores the role of scalar implicatures in the grammar of plurality and disjunction. I argue that scalar implicatures are relevant not only for the meaning of plurals and disjunctions, but also for their distribution in language. For example, the computation of scalar implicatures will be shown to be the decisive factor regulating the patterns of (un)grammaticality of plural agreement with disjunctive noun phrases (Chapter 3). But before getting to conclusions like that, I will spend some time on the semantics of bare plurals (Chapter 2), developing a version of the grammatical view of scalar implicatures along the way (some necessary background on scalar implicatures will be built in Chapter 1). The claim that scalar implicatures are calculated in the grammar is very far from uncontroversial. But if they really are, then many of the facts that I discuss could be predicted, more or less straightforwardly. If one treats scalar implicature calculation as a purely pragmatic process, these facts are arguably harder to make sense of.
by Natalia Ivieva.
Ph.D.
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Silva, Lidia Lima da. "A manifestação das noções de ignorância e de conhecimento no português brasileiro: o caso de algum e (um) certo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-07122012-111004/.

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O estudo de diferentes línguas tem permitido observar a existência de pronomes indefinidos e de determinantes indefinidos que podem ser associados ao estado de conhecimento ou desconhecimento do falante, ou de outro agente saliente (como o sujeito da sentença), em relação ao referente do sintagma determinante (constituído pelo pronome ou pelo determinante e um nome). Muitos estudiosos (cf. ABUSCH; ROOTH, 1997; ALONI, 2007; ALONI; VAN ROOIJ, 2007; ALONSO-OVALLE; MENÉNDEZ-BENITO, 2010; BECKER, 1999; CHIERCHIA, 2006; CONDORAVDI, 2008; EBERT; EBERT; HINTERWIMMER, no prelo; FARKAS, 2006; HINTERWIMMER; UMBACH, no prelo; HASPELMATH, 1997; IONIN, 2008; JAYEZ; TOVENA, 2006; KRATZER; SHIMOYAMA, 2002; ZAMPARELLI, 2007; entre outros) têm se dedicado à descrição e à análise desses indefinidos. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever e explicar, a partir do aparato teórico da Semântica Formal, as contribuições semânticas e pragmáticas que algum e (um) certo e trazem para o significado das sentenças em que aparecem. Defende-se que, no que diz respeito à marcação da identificabilidade do referente, esses indefinidos estão em posições opostas, pois, enquanto algum combinado com nomes contáveis e massivos marca que o falante (ou outro agente saliente) não está em condições de identificar o referente do DP, (um) certo, por sua vez, marca que o falante deve identificar o referente. No entanto, quando combinados com nomes como charme, ambos marcam imprecisão em relação a uma escala grau presente no nome. Este trabalho pretende ser uma contribuição para o entendimento da semântica de determinantes indefinidos no português brasileiro. Ao descrever e analisar o comportamento semântico e pragmático de algum e (um) certo, este texto contribui, de maneira mais abrangente, para o estudo que tem se desenvolvido em várias línguas com o objetivo de construir uma tipologia para os indefinidos associados ao estado epistêmico do falante.
The study of languages has allowed to observe the existence of indefinite pronouns and indefinite determiners that can be associated with the speakers state of acknowledgement or ignorance, or another prominent agents (such as the subject of the sentence) with respect to determining the referent of the phrase (constituted by a pronoun or a determiner and a name). Many scholars (cf. ABUSCH; ROOTH, 1997; ALONI, 2007; ALONI; VAN ROOIJ, 2007; ALONSO-OVALLE; MENÉNDEZ-BENITO, 2010; BECKER, 1999; CHIERCHIA, 2006; CONDORAVDI, 2008; EBERT; EBERT; HINTERWIMMER, no prelo; FARKAS, 2006; HINTERWIMMER; UMBACH, no prelo; HASPELMATH, 1997; IONIN, 2008; JAYEZ; TOVENA, 2006; KRATZER; SHIMOYAMA, 2002; ZAMPARELLI, 2007; among others) have been devoted to the description and analysis of such indefinites. The aim of this paper is to describe and explain, from the theoretical apparatus of Formal Semantics, the semantic as well as pragmatic contributions of algum (some) and (um) certo (a certain) and show those contributions each of them brings to the meaning of sentences in which they appear. It is argued that, regarding the marcation of identifiability of the referent, these indefinites are in opposite positions, because whereas algum (some) combined with countable and mass nouns marks that the speaker (or another prominent agent) is not able to identify the referent of DP, (um) certo, (a certain) marks instead that the speaker is able to identify the referent. Nonetheless, when they are combined with nouns such as charme (charm) both mark the imprecision in relation to a scale present in the noun. This work intends to be a contribution to the understanding of the semantics in indefinite determinants in Brazilian Portuguese. By describing and analyzing the semantic and pragmatic behaviors of algum (some) and (um) certo (a certain), this text contributes, in a broader way, to the studies which have been carried out in several languages with the goal of build a typology for the indefinites associates to the speakers epistemic state.
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8

Denić, Milica. "Langage et logique : les cas des éléments à polarité négative et des implicatures scalaires." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEE045.

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Il a été démontré que plusieurs phénomènes linguistiques corrèlent avec certaines propriétés logiques de la phrase dans laquelle ils se trouvent, telles que les implications logiques de la phrase, ou les relations logiques entre la phrase et certaines phrases alternatives. Dans cette thèse, nous explorons (A) la question d’un éventuel rôle causal de ces propriétés logiques vis-à-vis de tels phénomènes linguistiques, et (B) la question de la manière dont ces propriétés logiques sont calculées. Il y a dans l’ensemble deux options concernant (B) : (i) ces propriétés logiques pourraient être calculées par un système formel n’ayant pas accès aux connaissances générales, appelons ce système formel la grammaire (Fox et Hackl 2006, entre autres), ou bien (ii) ces propriétés logiques pourraient être calculées de manière post-grammaticale. Nous abordons ces questions dans deux cas : la légitimation des éléments à polarité négative et la dérivation des implicatures scalaires. Nos conclusions s’inscrivent dans la lignée d’un grand nombre de résultats attestant d’un rôle causal de propriétés logiques au sein de ces deux phénomènes. Par ailleurs, nos résultats suggèrent que les propriétés logiques corrélées aux NPIs font intervenir des calculs post-grammaticaux, tandis que les propriétés logiques intervenant dans les implicatures scalaires sont calculées au niveau grammatical
Numerous linguistic phenomena have been shown to correlate with some logical properties of the sentence with which they occur. Examples of such properties are logical entailments supported by the sentence, or the logical relation between it and some alternative sentence. In this thesis, we explore (A) whether these logical correlates play a causal role in the linguistic phenomena in question, and (B) at what level these computations of logical correlates are performed. There are two broad possibilities concerning (B): (i) these logical correlates could be computed in a formal system that does not have access to contextual knowledge, call this system grammar (Fox and Hackl 2006, a.o.), or (ii) they could be computed post-grammatically, and therefore have access to contextual knowledge. We investigate these questions in relation to the licensing of negative polarity items (NPIs) and the derivation of scalar implicatures. Our findings add to a growing body of evidence that logical correlates of NPI licensing and scalar implicatures play a causal role in these phenomena. Furthermore, our results suggest that logical correlates to NPI licensing are calculated post-grammatically, while logical correlates to scalar implicatures are calculated grammar-internally
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9

Pehrson, Benjamin J. "Noachic allusion and echo in James 3:1-12 implicatures of new creation eschatology /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2002. http://www.tren.com.

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Katsos, Napoleon. "Experimental investigations on the effects of structure and context on the generation of scalar implicatures." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612954.

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Books on the topic "Implicatures"

1

Quantity implicatures. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

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Haugh, Michael. Im/politeness implicatures. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 2014.

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Skoczeń, Izabela. Implicatures within Legal Language. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12532-5.

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Davis, Wayne A. Irregular Negatives, Implicatures, and Idioms. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7546-5.

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The acquisition of scalar implicatures. Göttingen: Universitätsverlag Göttingen, 2010.

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Reda, Salvatore Pistoia, ed. Pragmatics, Semantics and the Case of Scalar Implicatures. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137333285.

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Bangura, Abdul Karim. The presuppositions and implicatures of the Founding Fathers. East Rockaway, NY: Cummings & Hathaway Publishers, 1997.

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Lee, Chungmin, Ferenc Kiefer, and Manfred Krifka, eds. Contrastiveness in Information Structure, Alternatives and Scalar Implicatures. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10106-4.

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Pistoia-Reda, Salvatore, and Filippo Domaneschi, eds. Linguistic and Psycholinguistic Approaches on Implicatures and Presuppositions. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50696-8.

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Blackwell, Sarah E. Implicatures in discourse: The case of Spanish NP anaphora. Amsterdam ; Philadelphia, PA: J. Benjamins Pub., 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Implicatures"

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Douven, Igor. "Implicatures and Naturalness." In Language, Cognition, and Mind, 143–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50200-3_7.

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AbstractPragmatics postulates a rich typology of implicatures to explain how true assertions can nevertheless be misleading. This typology has been mainly defended on the basis of a priori considerations. We consider the question of whether the typology corresponds to an independent reality, specifically whether the various types of implicatures constitute natural concepts. To answer this question, we rely on the conceptual spaces framework, which represents concepts geometrically, and which provides a formally precise criterion for naturalness. Using data from a previous study, a space for the representation of implicatures is constructed. Examination of the properties of various types of implicatures as represented in that space then gives some reason to believe that most or even all types of implicatures do correspond to natural concepts.
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Sauerland, Uli. "Intermediate Scalar Implicatures." In Pragmatics, Semantics and the Case of Scalar Implicatures, 72–98. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137333285_4.

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Ivlieva, Natalia. "Obligatory Implicatures and Grammaticality." In Logic, Language and Meaning, 381–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31482-7_39.

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Moeschler, Jacques. "Conventional implicatures and presupposition." In Handbuch Pragmatik, 198–206. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-04624-6_19.

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Moldovan, Andrei. "Can Entailments Be Implicatures?" In Philosophical Insights into Pragmatics, edited by Piotr Stalmaszczyk, 43–62. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110628937-003.

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Panizza, Daniele, and Gennaro Chierchia. "Numerals and scalar implicatures." In Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today, 129–50. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/la.175.07pan.

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Lombardi Vallauri, Edoardo. "Stereotypes Favour Implicatures and Implicatures Smuggle Stereotypes: The Case of Propaganda." In Perspectives in Pragmatics, Philosophy & Psychology, 193–208. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56437-7_13.

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Skoczeń, Izabela. "Introduction." In Implicatures within Legal Language, 1–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12532-5_1.

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Skoczeń, Izabela. "The Strategic Principle and the Maxim of Selectivity." In Implicatures within Legal Language, 15–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12532-5_2.

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Skoczeń, Izabela. "Post-Gricean Implicature Theories and Their Relevance for the Legal Realm." In Implicatures within Legal Language, 55–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12532-5_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Implicatures"

1

van Rooy, Robert. "Conversational implicatures." In the Second SIGdial Workshop. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1118078.1118102.

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de Jager, Tikitu, and Robert van Rooij. "Explaining quantity implicatures." In the 11th conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1324249.1324276.

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Bai, Lirong. "Presumptive Q-scalar Implicatures." In 2nd International Conference on Culture, Education and Economic Development of Modern Society (ICCESE 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iccese-18.2018.124.

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Oberlander, Jon, and Alex Lascarides. "Preventing false temporal implicatures." In the 14th conference. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/992133.992181.

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Green, Nancy, and Sandra Carberry. "Conversational implicatures in indirect replies." In the 30th annual meeting. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/981967.981976.

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Deng, Lingjia, and Janyce Wiebe. "An Investigation for Implicatures in Chinese : Implicatures in Chinese and in English are similar !" In Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Computational Approaches to Subjectivity, Sentiment and Social Media Analysis. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-2603.

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Wiebe, Janyce, and Lingjia Deng. "A Conceptual Framework for Inferring Implicatures." In Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Computational Approaches to Subjectivity, Sentiment and Social Media Analysis. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-2625.

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Pratama, Hendi, Joko Nurkamto, Sri Marmanto, and Rustono. "Non-Native Speakers Understanding on Idiomatic Implicatures." In 1st Bandung English Language Teaching International Conference. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008217503180327.

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Reiter, Ehud. "The computational complexity of avoiding conversational implicatures." In the 28th annual meeting. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/981823.981836.

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Vlachou, Evangelia, Dimitrios Kotopoulis, and Spyridoula Varlokosta. "On the acquisition of Greek free choice items." In 11th International Conference of Experimental Linguistics. ExLing Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36505/exling-2020/11/0053/000468.

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Children acquire quite late scalar implicatures associated with quantification and have the tendency to interpret existential quantifiers as universals (e.g., Smith, 1980; Noveck, 2001; Papafragou and Musolino, 2003). Free choice Items (FCIS) are also associated with scalar implicatures depending on whether they are full set or subset FCIs (e.g., Vlachou 2012, 2020). This paper presents experimental results showing that 9-, 10- and 11-year-old children and adults perform better on full set than on subset FCIs. It is argued that adults perform better than children in sentences with subset FCIs as the “not-all” pragmatic inference is acquired late. Difficulties in sentences with subset FCIs in adults are due to absence of domain alternatives.
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