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Journal articles on the topic 'Implicit memory'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 22 June 2024

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1

Duffy, Charles J. "Implicit memory." Neurology 49, no. 5 (November 1997): 1200–1202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.49.5.1200.

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2

Griffiths, M., and T. Thomas. "Implicit memory." BMJ 309, no. 6967 (December 3, 1994): 1514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.309.6967.1514b.

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3

Banks, William P. "Implicit Memory." Consciousness and Cognition 4, no. 4 (December 1995): 369–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ccog.1995.1043.

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4

Cubelli, Roberto, and Sergio Della Sala. "Definition: Implicit memory." Cortex 125 (April 2020): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cortex.2020.01.011.

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5

Hassin, Ran R., John A. Bargh, Andrew D. Engell, and Kathleen C. McCulloch. "Implicit working memory." Consciousness and Cognition 18, no. 3 (September 2009): 665–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2009.04.003.

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6

Lee, Angela Y. "Effects of Implicit Memory on Memory-Based versus Stimulus-Based Brand Choice." Journal of Marketing Research 39, no. 4 (November 2002): 440–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.39.4.440.19119.

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The author introduces implicit (versus explicit) memory to examine advertising effects on brand choice. Whereas explicit memory is demonstrated by the conscious recollection of an event, implicit memory is inferred by an improvement in some task performance as the result of having experienced the event. This research shows that memory-based choice benefits from advertising that enhances conceptually driven implicit memory whereas stimulus-based choice benefits from advertising that enhances perceptually driven implicit memory. The findings provide evidence that the two types of implicit memory and explicit memory are distinct constructs of memory; the findings also suggest that implicit memory measures may be more useful indicators of advertising effectiveness than explicit memory measures.
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7

Roediger, Henry L. "Implicit memory: A commentary." Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 28, no. 4 (October 1990): 373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03334044.

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8

Spataro, Pietro, Neil W. Mulligan, and Clelia Rossi-Arnaud. "Attention and Implicit Memory." Experimental Psychology 58, no. 2 (November 1, 2011): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169/a000074.

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The distinction between identification and production priming assumes that tasks based on production processes involve two distinct stages: the activation of multiple solutions and the following selection of a final response. Previous research demonstrated that divided attention reduced production but not identification priming. However, an unresolved issue concerns whether the activation of candidate solutions is sufficient to account for the enhanced request of attentional resources, independently from the contribution of selection processes. The present paper investigated this question by using a version of the lexical decision task (LDT) in which the target words had either many or few orthographic neighbors. Two experiments showed that the effects of divided and selective attention were equivalent in both conditions, suggesting that the inclusion of a process of generation of multiple solutions in the LDT is not sufficient to increase the amount of cognitive resources needed to achieve full priming to the levels of production tasks.
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9

MAGNUSSEN, SVEIN. "Implicit visual working memory." Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 50, no. 6 (December 2009): 535–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2009.00783.x.

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10

Mitchell, David B. "Implicit Memory, Explicit Theories." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 36, no. 12 (December 1991): 1060–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/031253.

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11

Nelson, D. L., C. L. Mcevoy, G. A. Janczura, and J. Xu. "Implicit Memory and Inhibition." Journal of Memory and Language 32, no. 5 (October 1993): 667–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1993.1034.

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12

Jelicic, Marko, Annette E. Bonebakker, and Benno Bonke. "Implicit Memory Performance of Patients With Alzheimer's Disease: A Brief Review." International Psychogeriatrics 7, no. 3 (September 1995): 385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610295002134.

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Memory can be assessed with either explicit or implicit tasks. Implicit memory tasks, in contrast with explicit tasks, do not refer to conscious recollection of a previous learning experience. Implicit memory is revealed by a change in task performance that can be attributed to previous learning. Amnesic patients perform poorly on explicit memory tasks, but exhibit normal performance on implicit tasks. Recently, researchers have studied the implicit memory performance of patients with Alzheimer's disease. This article aims to give an overview of the performance of Alzheimer patients on four tasks of implicit memory. Compared with normal elderly controls, patients with Alzheimer's disease seem to demonstrate impaired performance on conceptual, but not on perceptual, implicit memory tasks. This dissociation could yield important information about the neurologic systems subserving implicit memory processes. Some suggestions for future research into the implicit memory of Alzheimer patients are given.
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13

Zimmer, Hubert D., Astrid Steiner, and Ullrich K. H. Ecker. "How ”Implicit\ Are Implicit Color Effects in Memory?" Experimental Psychology 49, no. 2 (April 2002): 120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//1618-3169.49.2.120.

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Abstract. Processing colored pictures of objects results in a preference to choose the former color for a specific object in a subsequent color choice test ( Wippich & Mecklenbräuker, 1998 ). We tested whether this implicit memory effect is independent of performances in episodic color recollection (recognition). In the study phase of Experiment 1, the color of line drawings was either named or its appropriateness was judged. We found only weak implicit memory effects for categorical color information. In Experiment 2, silhouettes were colored by subjects during the study phase. Performances in both the implicit and the explicit test were good. Selections of ”old\ colors in the implicit test, though, were almost completely confined to items for which the color was also remembered explicitly. In Experiment 3, we applied the opposition technique in order to check whether we could find any implicit effects regarding items for which no explicit color recollection was possible. This was not the case. We therefore draw the conclusion that implicit color preference effects are not independent of explicit recollection, and that they are probably based on the same episodic memory traces that are used in explicit tests.
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14

Berry, Dianne C., and Zoltan Dienes. "The relationship between implicit memory and implicit learning." British Journal of Psychology 82, no. 3 (August 1991): 359–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1991.tb02405.x.

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15

Pearson, P., and S. Smart. "Implicit colour memory mediated by explicit memory." Journal of Vision 7, no. 9 (March 23, 2010): 658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/7.9.658.

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16

Maki, Pauline M. "Is implicit memory preserved in alzheimer's disease? implications for theories of implicit memory." Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition 2, no. 3 (July 1995): 192–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13825589508256597.

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17

Machado, Sergio, Marlo Cunha, Daniel Minc, Claudio Elidio Portella, Bruna Velasques, Luis F. Basile, Maurício Cagy, Roberto Piedade, and Pedro Ribeiro. "Alzheimer's disease and implicit memory." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 67, no. 2a (June 2009): 334–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2009000200034.

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Specific neuropsychiatric disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) affect some forms of memory while leaving others relatively intact. In this review, we investigate particularities of the relationship between explicit and implicit memories in AD. It was found that implicit memory is preserved in AD, irrespective of the task used; in other words, there was not interference from explicit memory. In addition, it was verified that is possible through implicit memory compensatory strategies such as, activities of daily living (ADL) to compensate for the explicit memory deficits. In this sense, cognitive rehabilitation (CR) demonstrates reasonable results in the process of compensation of explicit memory deficits. Concluding, the decline in explicit memory suggests that both systems are functionally independent even if the other is compromised. We expect that when explicit memory system is not involved in competition with the implicit system, the final effect of learning is better, because all of the implicit memory capacity is engaged in learning and not in competition with the explicit system.
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18

Latchford, G., S. Morley, K. Peace, and J. Boyd. "Implicit Memory in Multiple Sclerosis." Behavioural Neurology 6, no. 3 (1993): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1993/219697.

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A number of neuropsychological studies have revealed that memory problems are relatively common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). It may be useful to compare MS with conditions such as Huntington's disease (HD), which have been referred to as subcortical dementia. A characteristic of these conditions may be an impairment in implicit (unconscious) memory, but not in explicit (conscious) memory. The present study examined the functioning of explicit and implicit memory in MS. Results showed that implicit memory was not significantly impaired in the MS subjects, and that they were impaired on recall but not recognition. A correlation was found between implicit memory performance and disability status in MS patients. Findings also suggest the possibility of long-term priming of implicit memory in the control subjects. The implications of these results are discussed.
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19

Anooshian, Linda J. "Distinctions between Implicit and Explicit Memory: Significance for Understanding Cognitive Development." International Journal of Behavioral Development 21, no. 3 (October 1997): 453–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/016502597384749.

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This research was designed to explore developmental trends for implicit and explicit memory as well as relations between memory measures and other aspects of cognitive development for preschool and second-grade children, and adults. For one task, children and adults gradually clarified patterns of random dots until they could identify an emerging picture, in each of two testing sessions separated by one week. Reliable effects for testing session and age group were obtained for explicit memory (verbal recall as well as frequency and recognition ratings), but not for implicit memory. Typicality ratings, also obtained in this picture-clarification task, appeared more related to implicit than explicit memory. For other tasks, children and adults completed word stems (e.g. BR- - -) and provided examples of categories (e.g. animals). The absence of developmental differences for implicit memory contrasted with clear developmental improvement for recall (explicit memory). Other tasks—perceptual classification, and, for younger children, assessments of theories of mind—provided other measures of cognitive development. Measures of perceptual classification were generally unrelated to implicit or explicit memory; for preschoolers with poor explicit memory, naive theories of mind were associated with good implicit memory. Results were discussed primarily in terms of the significance of both implicit and explicit memory for understanding diverse areas of cognitive development.
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20

Brindle, Peter M., Malcolm W. Brown, John Brown, Huw B. Griffith, and Gillian M. Turner. "Objective and subjective memory impairment in pregnancy." Psychological Medicine 21, no. 3 (August 1991): 647–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700022285.

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SYNOPSISPregnant subjects rated their memories as worse than normal and their ratings differed significantly from controls. Explicit memory tested by both recognition and recall was unimpaired. In contrast, implicit memory was significantly impaired in primigravidae. Impairment in implicit memory correlated with the subjective memory ratings. The dissociation of explicit and implicit memory is discussed.
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21

Perfect, Timothy J., and Alex Edwards. "Implicit Memory for Radio Advertising." Psychological Reports 83, no. 3 (December 1998): 1091–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1998.83.3.1091.

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Previous studies have shown that prior exposure to printed advertising leads to increased liking of advertising material, independent of explicit memory. This study examined whether such an effect occurs with radio advertising and whether the magnitude of the effect is related to duration of the advertisement or its frequency. Participants were incidentally exposed to a 30-min. radio show within which were embedded 10- and 30-sec. advertisements. The 10-sec. advertisements were presented once, twice, or three times. Participants subsequently rated target and filler advertisements. There was clear evidence of a positive shift in attitudes towards previously exposed advertisements but mixed results for frequency and duration.
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22

Nilsson, Lars-GÖran, Ulrich Olofsson, and Lars Nyberg. "Implicit memory of dynamic information." Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 30, no. 4 (October 1992): 265–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03330460.

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23

Mueller, J. H., M. J. Elser, and D. N. Rollack. "Test anxiety and implicit memory." Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 31, no. 6 (June 1993): 531–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03337344.

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24

Schacter, D. L., C. Y. P. Chiu, and K. N. Ochsner. "Implicit Memory: A Selective Review." Annual Review of Neuroscience 16, no. 1 (March 1993): 159–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ne.16.030193.001111.

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25

Roediger, Henry L. "Implicit memory: Retention without remembering." American Psychologist 45, no. 9 (1990): 1043–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.45.9.1043.

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26

Bowers, Jeffrey S., and Daniel L. Schacter. "Implicit memory and test awareness." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 16, no. 3 (1990): 404–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.16.3.404.

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27

Musen, Gail, and Jaishri E. O'Neill. "Implicit memory for nonverbal associations." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 23, no. 5 (1997): 1192–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.23.5.1192.

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28

Randolph, Christopher, Michael C. Tierney, and Thomas N. Chase. "Implicit memory in alzheimer's disease." Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology 17, no. 3 (June 1995): 343–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01688639508405128.

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29

Lequeux, Pierre-Yves, Gilbert Bejjani, and Hicham Sekkat. "Implicit Memory during Isoflurane Anesthesia." Anesthesiology 105, no. 2 (August 1, 2006): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200608000-00032.

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30

Iselin-Chaves, Irène A., and Sylvie J. Willems. "Implicit Memory during Isoflurane Anesthesia." Anesthesiology 105, no. 2 (August 1, 2006): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200608000-00033.

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31

BONEBAKKER, A. E., B. BONKE, J. KLEIN, G. WOLTERS, and W. C. J. HOP. "Implicit memory during balanced anaesthesia." Anaesthesia 48, no. 8 (August 1993): 657–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1993.tb07172.x.

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32

Elliott, Christine L., and Robert L. Greene. "Clinical depression and implicit memory." Journal of Abnormal Psychology 101, no. 3 (1992): 572–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-843x.101.3.572.

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33

Hense, Richard L., Louis A. Penner, and Douglas L. Nelson. "Implicit Memory for Age Stereotypes." Social Cognition 13, no. 4 (December 1995): 399–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/soco.1995.13.4.399.

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34

Wilding, E. "Dissociating implicit and explicit memory." Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2, no. 6 (June 1998): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1364-6613(98)01193-0.

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35

Dubuc, M. J., J. Forget, J. P. Mottard, M. Lassonde, A. Breault, N. C. Bedwani, R. Godbout, and N. Lessard. "0468 IMPLICIT MEMORY AND SCHIZOPHRENIA." Schizophrenia Research 86 (October 2006): S110—S111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-9964(06)70331-0.

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36

Russell, Gillian E. H., Robert J. Williams, and John R. Vokey. "Implicit Memory Associations and Gambling." Journal of Gambling Studies 35, no. 4 (May 6, 2019): 1397–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10899-019-09856-x.

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37

Smith, Eliot R., and Nyla R. Branscombe. "Category accessibility as implicit memory." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 24, no. 6 (November 1988): 490–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1031(88)90048-0.

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38

Watkins, Philip C. "Implicit memory bias in depression." Cognition & Emotion 16, no. 3 (May 2002): 381–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02699930143000536.

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39

PERFECT, TIMOTHY J. "IMPLICIT MEMORY FOR RADIO ADVERTISING." Psychological Reports 83, no. 7 (1998): 1091. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.83.7.1091-1094.

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40

Cork, R., K. Friley, J. Heaton, C. mpbell, and J. Kihlstrom. "IMPLICIT MEMORY DURING PROPOFOL SEDATION." Anesthesiology 81, SUPPLEMENT (September 1994): A246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199409001-00245.

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41

Randolph, C., J. M. Gold, T. E. Goldberg, and D. R. Weinberger. "Implicit memory function in schizophrenia." Schizophrenia Research 4, no. 3 (May 1991): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0920-9964(91)90333-m.

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42

Gee, Nancy R. "Implicit Memory and Word Ambiguity." Journal of Memory and Language 36, no. 2 (February 1997): 253–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmla.1996.2481.

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43

Banks, William P. "Introduction: Implicit Memory, Part 2." Consciousness and Cognition 5, no. 1-2 (March 1996): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ccog.1996.0001.

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44

Wippich, Werner, and Silvia Mecklenbräuker. "Implicit memory for textual materials." Psychological Research 57, no. 2 (February 1995): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00447082.

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45

Eysenck, Michael W., and Angela Byrne. "Implicit memory bias, explicit memory bias, and anxiety." Cognition & Emotion 8, no. 5 (September 1994): 415–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02699939408408950.

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46

Loprinzi, Paul D., Morgan Gilbert, Gina Robinson, and Briahna Dickerson. "Experimental Investigation Examining the Effects of Acute Exercise on Implicit Memory Function." Europe’s Journal of Psychology 15, no. 4 (December 19, 2019): 700–716. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v15i4.1837.

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Emerging work suggests that acute exercise can enhance explicit memory function. Minimal research, however, has examined whether acute exercise is associated with implicit memory, which was the purpose of this study. Three separate experimental studies were computed (N = 120; Mean age = 21). In Experiment 1, participants were randomly assigned to either a moderate-intensity bout of acute exercise (15-minute) or engaged in a seated control task (15-minute), followed by the completion of a word-fragmentation implicit memory task. Experiment 2 replicated Experiment 1, but instead employed a higher-intensity exercise protocol. For Experiment 3, participants were randomly assigned to either a moderate-intensity bout of acute exercise (15-minute) or engaged in a seated control task (15-minute), followed by the completion of a real world, 3-dimensional implicit memory task. For Experiment 1, the exercise and control groups, respectively, had an implicit memory score of 7.0 (0.5) and 7.5 (0.6) (t(38) = 0.67, p = .51). For Experiment 2, the exercise and control groups, respectively, had an implicit memory score of 6.9 (1.9) and 7.8 (2.4) (t(38) = 1.27, p = .21). These findings suggest that exercise, and the intensity of exercise, does not alter implicit memory from a word fragmentation task. For Experiment 3, the exercise and control groups, respectively, had a discrimination implicit memory index score of 0.48 (0.18) and 0.29 (0.32) (t(38) = 2.16, p = .03). In conclusion, acute exercise does not influence a commonly used laboratory-based assessment of implicit memory but may enhance real world-related implicit memory function.
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47

Linassi, Federico, David Peter Obert, Eleonora Maran, Paola Tellaroli, Matthias Kreuzer, Robert David Sanders, and Michele Carron. "Implicit Memory and Anesthesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Life 11, no. 8 (August 19, 2021): 850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11080850.

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General anesthesia should induce unconsciousness and provide amnesia. Amnesia refers to the absence of explicit and implicit memories. Unlike explicit memory, implicit memory is not consciously recalled, and it can affect behavior/performance at a later time. The impact of general anesthesia in preventing implicit memory formation is not well-established. We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis of studies reporting implicit memory occurrence in adult patients after deep sedation (Observer’s Assessment of Alertness/Sedation of 0–1 with spontaneous breathing) or general anesthesia. We also evaluated the impact of different anesthetic/analgesic regimens and the time point of auditory task delivery on implicit memory formation. The meta-analysis included the estimation of odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We included a total of 61 studies with 3906 patients and 119 different cohorts. For 43 cohorts (36.1%), implicit memory events were reported. The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status III–IV was associated with a higher likelihood of implicit memory formation (OR:3.48; 95%CI:1.18–10.25, p < 0.05) than ASA physical status I–II. Further, there was a lower likelihood of implicit memory formation for deep sedation cases, compared to general anesthesia (OR:0.10; 95%CI:0.01–0.76, p < 0.05) and for patients receiving premedication with benzodiazepines compared to not premedicated patients before general anesthesia (OR:0.35; 95%CI:0.13–0.93, p = 0.05).
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48

Loprinzi, Paul D., and Meghan K. Edwards. "Exercise and Implicit Memory: A Brief Systematic Review." Psychological Reports 121, no. 6 (December 5, 2017): 1072–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294117745563.

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Background Emerging work demonstrates that acute exercise may enhance explicit memory function. No published systematic reviews have evaluated the totality of research examining the effects of exercise on implicit memory function, which was the purpose of this systematic review. Methods Databases (PubMed, PsychInfo, and Sports Discus) were searched to evaluate animal and human experimental studies evaluating the effects of exercise on implicit memory function. Results Among the 10 evaluated studies that met inclusionary criteria for this systematic review, 7 were conducted in animal models (rats or mice), with 3 utilizing human samples. Among the seven animal model studies, all employed a fear conditioning paradigm to evaluate implicit memory performance. All six animal studies employing a chronic exercise paradigm demonstrated evidence for associations between chronic exercise and enhanced fear conditioning. The one animal study evaluating a high-intensity acute bout of exercise showed that high-intensity acute exercise worsened implicit memory retrieval. Among the three human studies, one demonstrated a beneficial effect of acute exercise on implicit memory function. Discussion There is consistent evidence in animal models that chronic exercise enhances implicit memory, as assessed by fear conditioning. However, there have been too few human studies investigating this topic to render any meaningful conclusions regarding the relationship between exercise and cognitive-based implicit memory among humans.
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49

Ward, Emma V., Christopher J. Berry, David R. Shanks, Petter L. Moller, and Enida Czsiser. "Aging Predicts Decline in Explicit and Implicit Memory: A Life-Span Study." Psychological Science 31, no. 9 (July 31, 2020): 1071–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797620927648.

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Explicit memory declines with age, but age effects on implicit memory are debated. This issue is important because if implicit memory is age invariant, it may support effective interventions in individuals experiencing memory decline. In this study, we overcame several methodological issues in past research to clarify age effects on implicit memory (priming) and their relationship to explicit memory (recognition, source memory). We (a) recruited a large life-span sample of participants ( N = 1,072) during a residency at the Science Museum in London, (b) employed an implicit task that was unaffected by explicit contamination, and (c) systematically manipulated attention and depth of processing to assess their contribution to age effects. Participants witnessed a succession of overlapping colored objects, attending to one color stream and ignoring the other, and identified masked objects at test before judging whether they were previously attended, unattended, or new. Age significantly predicted decline in both explicit and implicit memory for attended items.
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50

Dienes, Zoltán, and Richard Fahey. "The Role of Implicit Memory in Controlling a Dynamic System." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 51, no. 3 (August 1998): 593–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713755772.

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The relationship between implicit memory and implicit learning is explored. Dienes and Fahey (1995) showed that learning to control a dynamic system was mediated by a look-up table consisting of previously successful responses to specific situations. The experiment reported in this paper showed that facilitated performance on old situations was independent of the subjects’ ability to recognize those situations as old, suggesting that memory was implicit. Further analyses of the Dienes and Fahey data replicated this independence of control performance on recognition. However, unlike the implicit memory revealed on fragment completion tasks, successful performance on the dynamic control tasks was remarkably resilient to modality shifts. The results are discussed in terms of models of implicit learning and the nature of implicit memory.
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