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Journal articles on the topic 'Imported deforestation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 21 September 2024

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1

Reading, Ivan, Konstantina Bika, Toby Drakesmith, et al. "Due Diligence for Deforestation-Free Supply Chains with Copernicus Sentinel-2 Imagery and Machine Learning." Forests 15, no. 4 (2024): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15040617.

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At COP26, the Glasgow Leaders Declaration committed to ending deforestation by 2030. Implementing deforestation-free supply chains is of growing importance to importers and exporters but challenging due to the complexity of supply chains for agricultural commodities which are driving tropical deforestation. Monitoring tools are needed that alert companies of forest losses around their source farms. ForestMind has developed compliance monitoring tools for deforestation-free supply chains. The system delivers reports to companies based on automated satellite image analysis of forest loss around

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2

Bager, Simon L., U. Martin Persson, and Tiago N. P. dos Reis. "Eighty-six EU policy options for reducing imported deforestation." One Earth 4, no. 2 (2021): 289–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2021.01.011.

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3

Molotoks, Amy, and Chris West. "Which forest-risk commodities imported to the UK have the highest overseas impacts? A rapid evidence synthesis." Emerald Open Research 3 (September 24, 2021): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35241/emeraldopenres.14306.1.

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Background: Commodity-driven deforestation is a major driver of forest loss worldwide, and globalisation has increased the disconnect between producer and consumer countries. Recent due-diligence legislation aiming to improve supply chain sustainability covers major forest-risk commodities. However, the evidence base for specific commodities included within policy needs assessing to ensure effective reduction of embedded deforestation. Methods: We conducted a rapid evidence synthesis in October 2020 using three databases; Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus, to assess the literature and

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4

Reis, Tiago N. P. dos, Vinicius Guidotti de Faria, Gabriela Russo Lopes, et al. "Trading deforestation—why the legality of forest-risk commodities is insufficient." Environmental Research Letters 16, no. 12 (2021): 124025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac358d.

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Abstract Consumer countries and blocs, including the UK and the EU, are defining legal measures to tackle deforestation linked to commodity imports, potentially requiring imported goods to comply with the relevant producer countries’ land-use laws. Nonetheless, this measure is insufficient to address global deforestation. Using Brazil’s example of a key exporter of forest-risk commodities, here we show that it has ∼3.25 Mha of natural habitat (storing ∼152.8 million tons of potential CO2 emissions) at a high risk of legal deforestation until 2025. Additionally, the country’s legal framework is

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5

Campbell, Leslie. "The Causes and Effects of Tropical Deforestation." AGRICA 4, no. 2 (2020): 142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37478/agr.v4i2.459.

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Tropical rainforest deforestation is a major problem in many tropical regions and can have major impacts on system ecology and long term soil productivity. This paper examines the trend of increased colonization of tropical rainforest regions and the resulting effects on long term natural system productivity in these areas. It also explores the impact of conventional agricultural practices, the majority of which were developed in temperate climates, when employed in a tropical context. International trends in the consumption of imported tropical wood and rainforest products are also suggested

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Pilorgé, Etienne, Bruno Kezeya, Wolfgang Stauss, Frédéric Muel, and Marcus Mergenthaler. "Pea and rapeseed acreage and land use for plant-based meat alternatives in the EU." OCL 28 (2021): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2021037.

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Plant-based meat alternatives from grain legumes and oil crops are expected to play an increasing role in human nutrition. Several commercially available products use pea protein isolate as protein basis and rapeseed oil as lipid basis. The aim of the present study is to estimate the prospective area of peas and rapeseed for plant-based meat alternatives in the EU. A simple calculation model is employed to assess the impacts on land use and imported deforestation, in case plant-based meat alternatives substitute meat consumption in different shares. Various data sources and scenarios were used

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Esteves, Ricardo Lopes. "A nova Diligência Devida Britânica para Commodities que contenham risco de desmatamento e a dependência do Reino Unido da soja amazônica." Revista Videre 16, no. 34 (2024): 191–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.30612/videre.v16i34.17453.

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This article analyses how the United Kingdom’s Due Diligence Regulations on Forest Risk Commodities (UKDR) relate to the bilateral soybean trade between Brazil and the UK. The findings strongly suggest that soybeans from Brazil are one of the main targets of the UK's new legislation. The crossing of literature, NGO reports, trade data, and open governmental and institutional documents showed that the UK highly relies on soybeans from South America to fulfil its internal animal protein food industry, with soybeans from Brazil being the second major case of the UK’s ‘imported deforestation’. Bet

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8

Bastos Lima, Mairon G., Toby A. Gardner, Constance L. McDermott, and André A. Vasconcelos. "Prospects and challenges for policy convergence between the EU and China to address imported deforestation." Forest Policy and Economics 162 (May 2024): 103183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103183.

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9

Langerwisch, Fanny, Ariane Walz, Anja Rammig, Britta Tietjen, Kirsten Thonicke, and Wolfgang Cramer. "Deforestation in Amazonia impacts riverine carbon dynamics." Earth System Dynamics 7, no. 4 (2016): 953–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-7-953-2016.

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Abstract. Fluxes of organic and inorganic carbon within the Amazon basin are considerably controlled by annual flooding, which triggers the export of terrigenous organic material to the river and ultimately to the Atlantic Ocean. The amount of carbon imported to the river and the further conversion, transport and export of it depend on temperature, atmospheric CO2, terrestrial productivity and carbon storage, as well as discharge. Both terrestrial productivity and discharge are influenced by climate and land use change. The coupled LPJmL and RivCM model system (Langerwisch et al., 2016) has be

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Langerwisch, F., A. Walz, A. Rammig, B. Tietjen, K. Thonicke, and W. Cramer. "Deforestation in Amazonia impacts riverine carbon dynamics." Earth System Dynamics Discussions 6, no. 2 (2015): 2101–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esdd-6-2101-2015.

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Abstract. Fluxes of organic and inorganic carbon within the Amazon basin are considerably controlled by annual flooding, which triggers the export of terrigenous organic material to the river and ultimately to the Atlantic Ocean. The amount of carbon imported to the river and the further conversion, transport and export of it, depend on terrestrial productivity and discharge, as well as temperature and atmospheric CO2. Both terrestrial productivity and discharge are influenced by climate and land use change. To assess the impact of these changes on the riverine carbon dynamics, the coupled mod

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11

Arshad, A., NA Nurrochmat, U. Arshad, S. Sudarsono, U. Bashir, and M. Ayyaz. "Exploring sustainable cooking oil consumption patterns in Punjab, Pakistan: A comprehensive scientific study." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1379, no. 1 (2024): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1379/1/012031.

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Abstract Palm oil is the world’s most widely traded vegetable oil, with total trade amounting to 77.22 million metric tons of total vegetable oil production in 2023. Palm oil is usually used as the material of cooking oil and food products, biofuel, cosmetics, and other derivates. Pakistan imported $3.36B in Palm Oil, becoming the third largest importer of Palm Oil in the world. However, palm oil has faced deforestation in the last few years. To solve that, the palm oil plantation must be sustainably certified (RSPO), and the impact will increase the palm oil price. Therefore, this research ai

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12

Ortega-Ramos, Patricia. "EU Policies Led to Collapse of Major Biofuel Crop in UK and Europe, Says Report." Outlooks on Pest Management 33, no. 1 (2022): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1564/v33_feb_04.

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Contradictory EU policies first encouraged and then undermined the farming of a major biofuel in Europe, according to a new analysis. Climate change polices initially rewarded the widespread planting of oilseed rape – the world's most important vegetable oil after soybean – but subsequent pesticide laws have ultimately led to very large yield losses across the continent in recent years. This collapse of oilseed rape farming in the UK and Europe had led to a reliance on imported oils – including palm oil, the growing of which is often responsible for tropical deforestation, and oilseed rape fro

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13

Gomes, Dênis José Cardoso, Max Miler Menezes Nascimento, Fabianne Mesquita Pereira, et al. "Flow variability in the Araguaia River Hydrographic Basin influenced by precipitation in extreme years and deforestation." Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais 57, no. 3 (2022): 451–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/z2176-94781358.

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The climatic extremes and the dynamics of land use and cover can cause changes in river flow. The objective of this work was to analyze the flow of the Araguaia River under the effects of extreme years associated with the dynamics of land use in the Araguaia Watershed (AW) from 1981 to 2019. The land use and land cover product were based on the MapBiomas Project classification, imported from the Google Earth Engine. The measured rainfall and flow data were obtained from the National Water Agency. In contrast, the estimated rainfall was based on the data Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipita

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14

Karmacharya, Janak Lal. "Maximizing Benefits from Hydropower: A Nepal Case." Hydro Nepal: Journal of Water, Energy and Environment 1 (February 20, 2008): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v1i0.882.

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Hydropower development is the only development activity that yields multiple benefits and, in many cases, can be an effective agent for poverty alleviation. Apart from being a source of renewable and clean energy, to stabilize the supply of electricity, it helps provide year round irrigation resulting in the increase in the cropping intensity and changing cropping pattern, and it reduces both deforestation and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Nepal has adopted a policy of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM), by which hydropower projects are developed in conjunction with irrigation, flo

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15

Dolle, Tobias. "How to Properly Account for Sustainable Production and Supply Chains in Modern Tariff Schedules and Trade Rules." Global Trade and Customs Journal 12, Issue 11/12 (2017): 484–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2017063.

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A recent Resolution adopted by the European Parliament on ‘palm oil and deforestation of rainforests’ included, among its Recommendations, a call to reform the tariff classifications maintained by the World Customs Organization (WCO), so as to recognize sustainable versus unsustainable palm oil. Furthermore, the Resolution called for such a differentiation, at least for products imported into the EU, to be based on yet-to-be-developed sustainability criteria, which the Resolution also outlined and called for. This article explores the potential feasibility of distinguishing tariff classificati

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16

Deckers, Katleen, and Hugues Pessin. "Vegetation development in the Middle Euphrates and Upper Jazirah (Syria/Turkey) during the Bronze Age." Quaternary Research 74, no. 2 (2010): 216–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2010.07.007.

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AbstractVegetation changes are reconstructed based on more than 51,000 charcoal fragments of more than 380 samples from nine Bronze Age sites in northern Syria and southern Turkey. In addition to fragment proportions, special attention was paid to the frequency of Pistacia relative to Quercus and Populus/Salix relative to Tamarix, fruit-tree ubiquity, and riverine diversity in order to gain an improved understanding of the human versus climatic impact on the vegetation. The results indicate that human impacts first took place within the riverine forest. This phase was followed by land clearing

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Weerakkody, G., F. L. Mould, E. Owen, and E. A. Butler. "The degradation characteristics of three Sri Lankan rice straw cultivars, following treatment with urea, assessed using three in vitro techniques." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2002 (2002): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200008061.

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In 1999 85 % of the milk and milk products consumed in Sri Lanka were imported at a cost of over 7000 m rupees. While this appears to offer a major opportunity for the national herd to improve production, indiscriminate deforestation, reduction of farm size and increased use of agricultural land for crop production has tended to depress both cattle numbers and production. Poor nutritional status of the animals is the major limiting constraint, caused by the inadequate supply of quality feedstuffs and confounded by the lack of advice from the poorly supported agricultural extension service. In

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18

Böck, Felix. "Green gold of Africa – Can growing native bamboo in Ethiopia become a commercially viable business?" Forestry Chronicle 90, no. 05 (2014): 628–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc2014-127.

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With concerns about climate change and the search for sustainable construction materials, significant attention is now being paid to Africa's natural resources. Ethiopia, known as Africa's political capital, has a rapidly expanding economy with increasing demand for new construction materials. Through public private partnerships projects the country is developing a sustainable business model to promote bamboo as a raw material. The subtropical zone of Ethiopia is home to approximately 65% of Africa's bamboo resources, an area of over 1 million hectares. Bamboo is potentially an ideal source of

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19

Osiolo, Helen Hoka, Hanaan Marwah, and Matthew Leach. "The Emergence of Large-Scale Bioethanol Utilities: Accelerating Energy Transitions for Cooking." Energies 16, no. 17 (2023): 6242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16176242.

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Expansion in access to clean cooking in Sub-Saharan Africa remains well below the UN’s Sustainable Development Goal objectives. In particular, clean and modern forms of cooking have struggled to attract commercial funding at scale. The use of bioethanol in cooking is not new, but until recently, its application has been confined exclusively to small-scale projects. However, a new bioethanol cooking utility in Kenya has now reached mass-market adoption, serving more than 950,000 households with cooking fuel since its launch in late 2019. Its success was made possible by a significant investment

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20

Ugwu, Chinyere Nneoma, and Michael Ben Okon. "Fostering Food Security through Enhanced Fertilizer Production: Examining Policy Frameworks." INOSR EXPERIMENTAL SCIENCES 13, no. 1 (2024): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.59298/inosres/2024/1.31.3710.

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Agriculture is an important tool in poverty alleviation especially in rural areas whose economy mainly relies on agriculture as a source of income. Nevertheless, Nigeria is to face the food security crisis due to its agriculture sector which it heavily depends, but food consumption is imported rather than self-produced. Projections indicate that by 2030 Nigeria’s population will double the 2006 estimation which necessitates increased food production to meet the growing and urbanizing population needs and to open possibilities of exports. Apart from this, the country is faced with soil degradat

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21

Limenta, Michelle. "Palm Oil for Fuels: WTO Rules and Environmental Protection." Global Trade and Customs Journal 15, Issue 7 (2020): 321–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2020073.

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Biofuels are one of the renewable energy sources that present an alternative ‘clean’ energy to fossil fuels. However, their increased demand and use has led to concerns about their impacts on sustainability and climate change. Regulators worldwide attempt to regulate biofuels and their impacts in their domestic policies. In 2018, the European Union revised its original Renewable Energy Directive (RED) to integrate both sustainability criteria and the so-called indirect land use change (ILUC) for biofuels. The crux of the matter is that the EU Commission classified palm oil as the only biofuel

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22

Muntean, George-Cătălin, Dorina Simedru, Paul Uiuiu, et al. "Evaluation of Alternative Sources of Proteins and Other Nutrients with Potential Applications in Fish Nutrition." Molecules 29, no. 10 (2024): 2332. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29102332.

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The European Union’s (EU) agricultural self-sufficiency is challenged by its reliance on imported plant proteins, particularly soy from the Americas, contributing to deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions. Addressing the EU’s protein deficit, this study evaluates alternative protein sources for aquaculture, focusing on their nutritional value, elemental content, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Protein flours from gastropods (Helix pomatia, Arion lusitanicus, Arion vulgaris) and their hepatopancreas, along with plant-based proteins from food industry by-products (oilcakes, coff

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23

Notari, Márcio Bonini. "O princípio da sustentabilidade sob a ótica do transconstitucionalismo: uma análise no âmbito do recurso extraordinário nº 627.189 (STF)." Cadernos de Direito 20, no. 39 (2021): 151–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15600/2238-1228/cd.v20n39p151-169.

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RESUMO: O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar o principio da sustentabilidade na jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal Federal, a partir da perspectiva do transconstitucionalismo. O meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado vem objeto de inúmeros debates, em nível internacional, inclusive no campo econômico, acerca da necessidade de adoção de medidas internacionais que levem em considerações as questões ecológicas e sociais, a ponto de realizar o enquadramento legal dos países que lucram com a poluição e o desmatamento. No campo da exportação, a comunidade européia também vem avançando na res

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24

ASHORO Collins Ovwigho, EMAZIYE Peter Otunaruke, and OVHARHE Oghenero Joseph. "Efficiency of oil palm production in Nigeria: A review-pathway." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 21, no. 1 (2024): 2558–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.21.1.2736.

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The study reviewed the efficiency of oil palm production in Nigeria. Efficiency plays a major role in productivity in developing economies like Nigeria, where resources are limited and new technology must be adopted quickly to boost output. The research gaps addressed were: provision of reasonable data backing the efficiency of oil palm production, inquiry into the technical efficiency dynamics of the oil palm making, appraising the dynamics disturbing the oil palm making, addressing the sustainability of oil palm making, reviewing the problems and prospects connected with the oil palm commerc

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25

Subba, Bharat Raj. "Impact of climate change on food value of molluscs in Nepal." Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 2 (January 24, 2013): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v2i0.7496.

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The questionnaires and interviews were taken randomly with ethnic people, the molluscs consumers of different districts of Tarai regions. Regarding other information about the impact of climate change in the context of Nepal, literature survey was done. Edible molluscs are cheap non-conventional source of protein for huge population of poor ethnic peoples (53 castes living in twenty districts of Tarai in Nepal), from time immemorial. Up to, nearly four and half decades back, there were virgin forests in Tarai region, water sources were in better condition but because of rapid population explos

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Sheng, Jiping, Xiaoge Gao, and Zhao Zhang. "Sustainability of Forest Development in China from the Perspective of the Illegal Logging Trade." Sustainability 15, no. 16 (2023): 12250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151612250.

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The illegal logging trade (ILT) is considered one of the major causes of global deforestation and ecological unsustainability. To prevent the price-suppressing damage caused by ILT to the local wood market and global ecological environment, the Chinese government and non-governmental organizations have taken many actions to deal with it. This study used wood trade data to analyze the current status of ILT in China, summarized the efforts and shortcomings of ILT response actions taken by China, and discussed the possible strategies and sustainable development prospects for combating ILT in Chin

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27

Munhoz, Leonardo. "New Environmental Restrictions and Its Impacts in International Trade: Evolution of Environmental principles as sources of International Law." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 33, Issue 3 (2024): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr2024008.

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The relationship between environment and trade is gradually regaining prominence on the international scene, but this relationship is not a trivial one. The environment originated in international law initially in non-binding declarations, and treaties, producing effects for the signatory parties only. Today, it is discussed whether the environmental concern would also be evolving into a custom widely accepted by the international community. The World Trade Organization (WTO) rules allow environmental requirements to be used as exceptions to trade rules if they do not consist of arbitrary and

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28

Mammadova, Aynur, Mauro Masiero, and Davide Pettenella. "Embedded Deforestation: The Case Study of the Brazilian–Italian Bovine Leather Trade." Forests 11, no. 4 (2020): 472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11040472.

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Deforestation and forest degradation driven by Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) are important sources of carbon emissions. Market globalization and trade liberalization policies reinforce this trend and risk deforestation to be embedded in global value chains. Due to the complexity of global production and trade systems, deforestation risk is also embedded in the supply chains of the products and sectors that are not direct deforestation drivers. Bovine leather is a commodity closely entangled in the debates about deforestation as it is a by-product of cattle. This research foc

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29

Rojas Hernández, Dairon, Suselis Díaz García, Estela Gertudis Espinosa Martínez, and Arístides Pelegrín Mesa. "Indicadores de sostenibilidad ambiental en la cadena de valor de paneles fotovoltaicos en Cuba." Revista Estudios Ambientales - Environmental Studies Journal 10, no. 2 (2022): 79–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.47069/estudios-ambientales.v2i2.1580.

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El uso de tecnologías altamente contaminantes por los países industrializados y la ineficiencia en el uso de los recursos brindados por la naturaleza, ha traído como consecuencia su agotamiento, que se refleja en la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero causantes del calentamiento global, la deforestación de los bosques, la sobreexplotación de suelos, la contaminación del agua, la acelerada extinción de los combustibles fósiles, imponiendo mayores retos para la formulación e implementación de las estrategias empresariales. Cuba que no queda ajena a estos problemas ambientales, se posici

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30

Swenson, Jennifer J., Catherine E. Carter, Jean-Christophe Domec, and Cesar I. Delgado. "Gold Mining in the Peruvian Amazon: Global Prices, Deforestation, and Mercury Imports." PLoS ONE 6, no. 4 (2011): e18875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0018875.

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31

Hamid, Salsabilah, and Paramitaningrum. "Indonesian Economic Diplomacy toward Palm Oil: Indonesia’s Respond to the EU Resolution on Palm Oil and Deforestation of Rainforest (2016/2222(INI))." E3S Web of Conferences 388 (2023): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338804006.

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Palm Oil becomes one of Indonesian major trade commodity, besides oil and gas. It has comparable quality with palm oil from Malaysia, Netherland, Papua New Guinea, and Guatemala. Therefore, an accessible and good prospect of the global market is essential for the sustainability of Indonesian palm oil production and marketing. European Union (EU) is a major importer of Indonesian palm oil because the consumption of palm oil among EU member countries is considered high. However, in the past few years, there were some international reports, including European media, that Indonesian palm oil is en

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Wang, Y., X. Sun, and C. Zhu. "China's wood-based forest product imports and exports: trends and implications." International Forestry Review 25, no. 4 (2023): 503–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/146554823838028184.

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This paper presents trends in China's forest product imports and exports during 1998–2019, by analyzing trade data from China's General Customs Administration (GCA). It was found that over the past two decades both imports and exports of forest products have experienced huge growth, making China an important player in the global forest products market. China's imports are dominated by raw materials such as logs and lumber, while exports are dominated by processed wood products like plywood and furniture. Sources of imports are diverse among different products. While softwood logs and lumber ha

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33

Gan, Jianbang. "Forest certification costs and global forest product markets and trade: a general equilibrium analysis." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35, no. 7 (2005): 1731–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x05-100.

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The impacts of forest certification costs on the output, price, and trade of forest products were assessed via computable general equilibrium modeling under various scenarios representing tropical, temperate, and global forest certification. Despite causing more severe and extensive impacts, global certification seems more acceptable than regional certification to major timber-producing countries. The regions that would suffer the most from global certification would not be major timber-producing regions, but major net importers of forest products like East Asia. With 5%25% increases in fores

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34

Taheripour, Farzad, Thomas W. Hertel, and Navin Ramankutty. "Market-mediated responses confound policies to limit deforestation from oil palm expansion in Malaysia and Indonesia." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 38 (2019): 19193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1903476116.

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The global demand for palm oil has grown rapidly over the past several decades. Much of the output expansion has occurred in carbon- and biodiversity-rich forest lands of Malaysia and Indonesia (M&I), contributing to record levels of terrestrial carbon emissions and biodiversity loss. This has led to a variety of voluntary and mandatory regulatory actions, as well as calls for limits on palm oil imports from M&I. This paper offers a comprehensive, global assessment of the economic and environmental consequences of alternative policies aimed at limiting deforestation from oil palm expan

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Vincent, Jeffrey R., David J. Brooks, and Alamgir K. Gandapur. "Substitution Between Tropical and Temperate Sawlogs." Forest Science 37, no. 5 (1991): 1484–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestscience/37.5.1484.

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Abstract Japan is the world's most important log importer. This paper develops a multi-output profit function framework to quantify the impacts of economic factors on Japan's imports of sawlogs from two temperate regions, North America and the Soviet Union, and one tropical region, the South Seas. Econometric results indicate that sawlogs from the three regions were substitutes for each other during 1970-87. Imports from each region were significantly affected by relative net prices (lumber price minus log input cost per unit of lumber), with cross-net-price elasticities between temperate and

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Egenolf, Vincent, Gibran Vita, Martin Distelkamp, Franziska Schier, Rebekka Hüfner, and Stefan Bringezu. "The Timber Footprint of the German Bioeconomy—State of the Art and Past Development." Sustainability 13, no. 7 (2021): 3878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073878.

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The article gives a comprehensive overview of the roundwood equivalents (RE) consumed in the German bioeconomy from Germany and abroad between 1995 and 2015, i.e., the Timber Footprint of final Consumption (TFPcon). The calculation is based on an adapted version of Exiobase 3.4. The sustainability of roundwood procurement for the TFPcon is assessed. A systematic embedding of the tree compartments considered in the TFP in the context of national forest inventories and material flow analysis is presented. The results show that, in 2015, the total volume of the TFPcon of Germany is 90 Mm3 (slight

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Moral-Pajares, Encarnación, Concepción Martínez-Alcalá, Leticia Gallego-Valero, and Ángela Andrea Caviedes-Conde. "Transparency Index of the Supplying Countries’ Institutions and Tree Cover Loss: Determining Factors of EU Timber Imports?" Forests 11, no. 9 (2020): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11091009.

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Illegal logging and the associated deforestation have serious consequences for biodiversity, the climate, the economy and society. The EU Timber Regulation (EUTR) prohibits the placing of illegally harvested timber or timber products on the market. The objective of this paper is to analyse the recent evolution of EU imports of these products from the international market, in order to check how the transparency index of the supplying countries’ institutions and tree cover loss have influenced this trajectory. To that end, a panel data model is estimated with 228 observations from 38 exporting c

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Hoffmeister, Frank. "The European Regulatory Approach on Supply Chain Responsibility." Zeitschrift für europarechtliche Studien 25, no. 2 (2022): 221–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/1435-439x-2022-2-221.

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The article presents four categories of EU approaches on regulating supply chain responsibility. Sometimes, like in the case of the Kimberley process for conflict diamonds or with respect to illegally fished fishery products, the EU enacts restrictions or prohibitions that are specifically targeted at the import of foreign products. These import regimes are distinguished from marketing prohibitions for unethically produced goods. The prime examples are the European bans on cat and dog fur and seals products, as well as a possible future ban on goods made from forced labour. While these categor

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Estrada, Alejandro, Paul A. Garber, and Abhishek Chaudhary. "Expanding global commodities trade and consumption place the world’s primates at risk of extinction." PeerJ 7 (June 17, 2019): e7068. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7068.

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As a consequence of recent human activities. populations of approximately 75% of the world’s primates are in decline, and more than 60% of species (n = 512) are threatened with extinction. Major anthropogenic pressures on primate persistence include the widespread loss and degradation of natural habitats caused by the expansion of industrial agriculture, pastureland for cattle, logging, mining, and fossil fuel extraction. This is the result of growing global market demands for agricultural and nonagricultural commodities. Here, we profile the effects of international trade of forest-risk agric

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Nabukalu, Catherine, and Reto Gieré. "Charcoal as an Energy Resource: Global Trade, Production and Socioeconomic Practices Observed in Uganda." Resources 8, no. 4 (2019): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources8040183.

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Around the world, charcoal has persisted as an energy resource and retained unequivocal dominance in the energy consumption mix of some nations many years on since modern alternatives were invented. Furthermore, it has secured unyielding significance as a commodity on local and international markets and remained an aggressive competitor to electricity and gas for cooking. Here, we analyze the charcoal supply chain and highlight the rudimentary production techniques common within the sub-Saharan region, using Uganda as an example. Top global producers, importers, and exporters are discussed and

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de Hoop, Evelien, and Erik van der Vleuten. "Sustainability Knowledge Politics: Southeast Asia, Europe and the Transregional History of Palm Oil Sustainability Research." Global Environment 15, no. 2 (2022): 209–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/ge.2022.150202.

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So far, the field of sustainability history has insufficiently addressed the tricky politics of academic sustainability knowledge making. In response, this paper studies how scientific research on palm oil sustainability, when defining sustainability problems and solutions, enacted a postcolonial politics of difference between Southeast Asia and Europe. Iterating between quantitative database queries (2,500+ sources) and close reading, we found that voices of scientists from both regions were amply represented in palm oil sustainability research, but presented different types of narratives. Re

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Haryono, Adi, Mohamad Syamsul Maarif, Arif Imam Suroso, and Siti Jahroh. "The Design of a Contract Farming Model for Coffee Tree Replanting." Economies 11, no. 7 (2023): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies11070185.

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Coffee tree replanting is needed in Indonesia, yet a financing scheme is not available at the moment due to its economic feasibility and farmers’ reluctance to reinvest. This research aims to design contract farming for coffee tree replanting in Indonesia to support coffee farmer welfare. The method used in this study is Soft System Methodology (SSM), including interviews with several coffee cultivation respondents, with case studies in the Lampung region. The initial study indicates that the replanting program must integrate coffee farmers with banks or investors and coffee processing compani

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Molotoks, Amy, and Chris West. "Which forest-risk commodities imported to the UK have the highest overseas impacts? A rapid evidence synthesis." Emerald Open Research 1, no. 10 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eor-10-2023-0010.

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Background: Commodity-driven deforestation is a major driver of forest loss worldwide, and globalisation has increased the disconnect between producer and consumer countries. Recent due-diligence legislation aiming to improve supply chain sustainability covers major forest-risk commodities. However, the evidence base for specific commodities included within policy needs assessing to ensure effective reduction of embedded deforestation. Methods: We conducted a rapid evidence synthesis in October 2020 using three databases; Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus, to assess the literature and

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Dabare E.T.D., Udawattha C.D., and Udawattha C.D. "Alternative Timber Applications for Sri Lankan House Construction during the Economic Crisis." Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium 27 (February 15, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.31357/fesympo.v27.7155.

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    A crucial component of civilization, housing construction has evolved in a variety of ways based on new technology and materials. However, due to Sri Lanka's economic crisis, house building is now one of the most in-danger industries there. Subjectively, the cost of imported base building materials has grown due to the danger of inflation, and this increase is dependent on the US dollar exchange rate. The reason is that more than 50% of the building and raw materials are imported, and a rise in the US dollar value will raise the price of construction supplies. In or

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de Carvalho Cabral, Diogo. "Creatures of the Clearings: Deforestation, Grass-Cutting Ants and Multispecies Landscape Change in Postcolonial Brazil." Environment and History, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/096734022x16384451127294.

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Without denying its striking destructiveness, deforestation can be seen as a socio-ecological process through which humans negotiate their place-making with the earth and its nonhuman inhabitants. In this article I combine qualitative and geospatial methods to document and analyse how forest clearing drove the range expansion of Atta ants in southeast Brazil over the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. First, I outline the main deforestation drivers and dynamics, focusing on the connections between clearing practices and Atta habitat formation. Then, using Historical GIS methods, I exami

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Soisontes, Sakson, Florian Freund, and Verena Laquai. "The future of protein feed: a case study of sustainable substitutes in the German livestock industry." Environment, Development and Sustainability, August 1, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10668-023-03676-1.

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AbstractThe use of imported soybean/soybean meal is criticized in the context of the sustainability discussion in Germany. Imported soybean is often associated with deforestation and genetic modification, which is largely viewed critically by consumers. This study aims to forecast changes in future demand for imported soybean/soybean meal and its possible substitutes in the German livestock industry. The two-round Delphi method was used in the study by sending questionnaires to 28 experts from four groups: food retailers, livestock associations, animal nutrition manufacturers and research inst

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Elshamy, Mohamed, and Christine Rösch. "Animal Feed from Microalgae Grown on Biogas Digestate as Sustainable Alternative to Imported Soybean Meal." BioEnergy Research, February 4, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-022-10397-2.

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Abstract This work investigates microalgae’s potential to reduce North-Western Europe environmental burden from excess nitrogen polluting groundwater and provide an environmental replacement for current animal feed. Algae uptake nutrients from nutrient-rich digestate from biogas plants and turn them into high-value feedstock, which can substitute soybean meal imported from overseas and avoid deforestation of rainforests. Life cycle assessments were conducted based on novel and original data from engineers in academia and industry, acquired through pilot-scale research facilities in the UK, Fra

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Pauwelyn, Joost. "Twenty-first century customs fraud: how to effectively enforce EU sustainability requirements on imports." Journal of International Economic Law, May 7, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiel/jgae013.

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Abstract Countries increasingly adopt measures to make their economy more sustainable. These measures range from pricing carbon and protecting forests to promoting renewable energy and banning forced labour. This article examines how countries can effectively enforce such sustainability requirements on imports. Based on two case studies—the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and the EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR)—and other developments in EU customs law and practice, this article shows that customs inspection of elements that cannot be physically detected in the imported product

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Hentschl, Moritz, Amelie Michalke, Maximilian Pieper, Tobias Gaugler, and Susanne Stoll-Kleemann. "Dietary change and land use change: assessing preventable climate and biodiversity damage due to meat consumption in Germany." Sustainability Science, May 11, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11625-023-01326-z.

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AbstractLand use change (LUC) is responsible for a large share of the emissions of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) and is a major driver of global biodiversity loss. Although much of the global LUC-related CO2 emissions and biodiversity loss occur in tropical countries, the actual drivers of this LUC can be located in the global North, particularly through the import of large quantities of agricultural commodities. The aim of this study is to quantify and monetize the LUC-related impacts of the consumption of animal-based food products in Germany and subsequently explore the potential be

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Komárková, Martina, Jiří Čáp, Olga Trčková, Jaroslav Dostál, and Pavlína Máchová. "Comparison of population genetic structure of Pinus mugo Turra forest stands in the Giant Mountains by analysis of nSSR molecular marker data." Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research, August 5, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpae042.

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Abstract Pinus mugo (dwarf mountain pine) communities in the protected area of Krkonoše National Park are extremely valuable. After extensive deforestation during the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries, P. mugo recovered naturally in some parts of the Giant Mountains, and in some places imported seeds were likely used for reforestation. To distinguish between native and possibly introduced local P. mugo populations, genetic variations between 12 populations from the Czech Sudeten part of the Giant Mountains and between the two populations from the Tatra Mountains were analysed using 12 nuclear

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