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1
Yolcubal, Irfan. "In-situ monitoring of microbial activity and biodegradation during solute transport in porous media." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_2001_290_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.
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Lanza, G. R., and Phillip R. Scheuerman. "In Situ Bioremediation Potential at Cresote Contaminated Sites." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1992. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2893.
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Scheuerman, Phillip R. "In Situ Bioremediation Potential at Creosote Contaminated Sites." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1992. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2960.
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Deshpande, A. S. "In-situ chemo-bioremediation for gas clean-up." Thesis(Ph.D.), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 2009. http://dspace.ncl.res.in:8080/xmlui/handle/20.500.12252/2733.
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Han, Sungsoo. "In situ bioremediation and natural attenuation of dinitrotoluenes and trinitrotoluene." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24700.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.<br>Committee Chair: Dr. Joseph B. Hughes; Committee Member: Dr. Jian Luo; Committee Member: Dr. Jim C. Spain; Committee Member: Dr. Patricia Sobecky; Committee Member: Dr. Spyros G. Pavlostathis
6
Qin, Tianyu. "Comparison of in-situ bioremediation of soil contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbons." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-43062.
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In recent years, due to the continuous development of machinery, electronics, leather, chemical companies and dry-cleaning industry, more and more chlorinated hydrocarbons accumulate in the soil, causing serious harm to the environment. The accumulation of chlorinated hydrocarbons and the teratogenic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic hazards seriously threaten human health. Therefore, the remediation of chlorinated hydrocarbons is imminent. Under this premise, in-situ bioremediation has gradually received attention. For in situ bioremediation of soil contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbons, the most commonly used methods are biostimulation alone, bioaugmentation alone, and a combination with biostimulation and bioaugmentation. The removal rate of trichloroethylene in the case of using biostimulation products alone is significantly lower than that of using bioaugmentation products alone. The removal rate of trichloroethylene by biostimulation products alone does not exceed 60%, and “DCE pause” occurred, but did not occur in the case of using bioaugmentation products. The removal rate of trichloroethylene by bioaugmentation products is generally higher than 98%, and it will promote the degradation of trichloroethylene or tetrachloroethylene to non-toxic ethylene. Therefore, only cases containing bioaugmentation can achieve non-toxic degradation of chlorinated hydrocarbons and take into account the high removal rate of them. In addition, the biostimulation duration is significantly shorter.
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Brauner, J. Steven. "Two-dimensional modeling of in situ bioremediation using sequential electron acceptors." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07212009-040537/.
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Thomas, Sara Henry. "Ecophysiology and diversity of anaeromyxobacter spp. and implications for uranium bioremediation." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28123.
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Thesis (M. S.)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.<br>Committee Chair: Dr. Frank E. Löffler; Committee Member: Dr. Joseph B. Hughes; Committee Member: Dr. Kurt D. Pennell; Committee Member: Dr. Lawrence J. Shimkets; Committee Member: Dr. Robert A. Sanford; Committee Member: Dr. Thomas DiChristina.
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Walecka-Hutchison, Claudia, and Claudia Walecka-Hutchison. "An Evaluation of Limiting Parameters of an In Situ Trichloroethene Bioremediation Project Based on Seven TCE Field Bioremediation Studies." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626785.
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Seven aerobic field trichloroethene (TCE) bioremediation projects were evaluated to
determine key parameters leading to in situ TCE bioremediation effectiveness. Key
parameters identified were: 1) presence of other contaminants, 2) efficacy of the cometabolic
inducer, 3) technology design, and 4) site soils and hydraulics. These four parameters were
then used to evaluate the pilot bioremediation operation at Air Force Plant #44 in Tucson,
Arizona. The pilot operation was poorly designed. Site characterization appeared
insufficient; laboratory studies were not representative of site conditions; 1, 1-dichloroethene
appeared to inhibit TCE degradation; the purpose of the injected methanol ( cometabolic
inducer) was unclear. Well design, specifically screen interval location, also contributed to
technology deficiency. Soil type appeared to be the most limiting component; hydraulic
conductivity (K) representative of the contaminated clay at the APP #44 site was estimated
at 1.5 x 10-5 cm/sec. Over the course of the trial, spatially averaged TCE concentrations
decreased by 41 %. Well chloride data calculations indicated that a 27% reduction may be
attributable to dilution, thereby suggesting that only a 14% decrease in concentrations may
be attributable to biological degradation.
10
Song, Xin. "Subsurface heterogeneities, interfaces and biodegradation defining the limits on in situ bioremediation /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2842.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.<br>Thesis research directed by: Civil Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Berry, Christopher John. "Bioremediation of Petroleum and Radiological Contaminate Soil Using an Ex Situ Bioreactor." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7135.
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The Savannah River Site (SRS), a Department of Energy facility, generated non-hazardous petroleum and radiological co-contaminated soils that did not have a disposal pathway. The purpose of this project was to generate treatment data and test the hypothesis that an engineered biological process could safely and efficiently remove petroleum co-contamination from radiological contaminated soil. Demonstration of the treatment would allow the soils to be disposed as low-level radiological materials.
Although radiation and radiological contamination may, depending on the type and level, impact microbial activity and growth, the impact of low levels of radiation were not expected to impact the biodegradation of petroleum contaminated soils. Important parameters identified for successful biological treatment included oxygen mass transfer, bioavailability, temperature, microbiological capabilities, nutrients, and moisture. System design was based on a bioventing approach to control the supply of oxygen (air) based on petroleum contamination levels and type of soil being treated.
Before bioremediation began, a bioreactor system was permitted, designed, constructed, and tested. An operating permit was obtained from SCDHEC, as were approvals required by the SRS. The design was based on bioventing principles and used a modified prefabricated skid-pan, which was constructed by SRNL.
System operation included formulating a test plan, developing and using system sampling and monitoring methods, loading the system, starting up operations, obtaining results, modifying operation, and final disposal of the soil after the bioremediation goal was achieved.
The PRCS bioreactor operated for 22 months in various configurations treating the contaminated soil to a final TPH concentration of 45 mg/kg. During operation, degradation of over 20,000 mg/kg of waste was accounted for through monitoring of carbon dioxide levels in the effluent. System operation worked best when soil temperatures were above 15 ?nd the pumps were operated continuously. The low level radiological contaminated soil was disposed in an engineered trench at SRS that accepts this type of waste. The project demonstrated that co-contaminated soils could be treated biologically to remove petroleum contamination to levels below 100 mg/kg while protecting workers and the environment from radiological contamination.
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Renninger, Neil Stephen. "Modeling cometabolic in situ groundwater bioremediation utilizing gaseous nutrient and substrate delivery." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9922.
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Srivastava, Priyank. "Analysis of in-situ bioremediation of PAH contaminated sediments using hollow fiber membranes." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1132113070.
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Clayton, Matthew Hughes. "EFFECTIVE DISTRIBUTION OF INJECTED EMULSIFIED OIL FOR IN-SITU BIOREMEDIATION OF HETEROGENEOUS AQUIFERS." NCSU, 2007. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12142007-144939/.
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Emulsified oil can be injected into the subsurface to enhance the in-situ bioremediation of chlorinated solvents, energetic materials, and some heavy metals. Current design practice for these remediation systems is not well formalized and depends much on ?engineering intuition.? To better understand the effects of different remediation system designs, computer models are being developed that can accurately and efficiently simulate how the oil moves through and reacts in the subsurface. To this end, we have developed a Langmuir isotherm based transport model to simulate the distribution of emulsified oils in an aquifer in order to investigate what effect changing the volume of emulsion, amount of oil, and injection pattern has on distributing the oil through the aquifer. Upon investigation we found that increasing the volume of emulsion and mass of oil has a diminishing increase on distribution and that injection pattern has little effect at typical injection volumes. We further developed regression equations to estimate the distribution of emulsified oil for both areal and barrier treatment to be used in improving injection system design.
15
Chech, Andrea M. "Evaluation of the feasibility for in situ bioremediation of mineral oil-contaminated soil." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280259.
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A greenhouse lysimeter experiment was performed to evaluate the use of in-situ bioremediation and phyto-remediation to reduce mineral oil concentrations in a weathered contaminated soil. The hypotheses for the study were (1) a combination of microbial- and phyto-remediation would yield a best remediation strategy, and (2) the addition of low levels (10 mg/L) of a biosurfactant would stimulate and increase the rate of remediation by increasing the bioavailability of the mineral oil in the soil. The results indicate, on average, a higher rate of mineral oil removal occurred in planted lysimeter tanks versus non-planted lysimeter tanks. Specifically, for unplanted treatments an average of 22% of the mineral oil was removed in 24 weeks in comparison to the planted treatments for which an average of 54% of the mineral oil was removed. The effect of application of fertilizer on mineral oil degradation was unclear, but a visual inspection showed that vegetated tanks receiving fertilizer had better growth. No conclusions can be made regarding the addition of biosurfactant. Though a couple of the lysimeter tanks receiving biosurfactant performed relatively well, overall, the results were inconclusive. Enumeration of mineral oil degraders showed that there was a statistical difference between planted tanks and unplanted tanks with planted tanks having higher numbers. These results help support the conclusion that plants enhanced mineral oil degradation. Enumeration of total heterotrophs showed that there was no statistical significant difference between the planted and unplanted treatments. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that a low-cost, low-maintenance approach to facilitate remediation of weathered mineral oil contaminated soil is a combination of microbial- and phyto-remediation.
16
Gielnik, Anna. "Digestate valorization for bioremediation of hydrocarbons contaminated soils." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2035.
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Les sols contaminés par les hydrocarbures pétroliers constituent un problème environnemental qui peut être résolu par l’application de traitements biologiques. Le traitement des sols contaminés par les hydrocarbures pétroliers par bioaugmentation constitue une voie à explorer dans le cadre de la recherche d’une optimisation de traitement. L’intérêt scientifique actuel est axé sur la recherche d’amendements susceptible de contenir des populations microbiennes capables de dégrader les hydrocarbures pétroliers. Ces amendements sont généralement utilisés comme réserve d’espèces pour l’enrichissement lors de la préparation de l’inoculum. Les traitements par bioaugmentation sont particulièrement importants dans les sols à faible teneur en matière organique et à faible numération bactérienne (par exemple après des traitements chimiques intensifs). Le digestat est un sous-produit organique de la production de biogaz via des processus de digestion anaérobie et présente un grand potentiel en tant qu'engrais pour le sol en raison de leur concentration en éléments nutritifs. Cependant, le potentiel de la communauté microbienne de digestat n’a jamais été exploré en termes de dégradation des hydrocarbures pétroliers. Dans cette thèse, nous avons étudié si les digestats pouvaient être utilisés comme source d’inoculum microbien pour la bioremédiation de sols contaminés par des hydrocarbures pétroliers. Les objectifs de ce travail de thèse étaient les suivants: i) vérifier la présence de bactéries dégradant des hydrocarbures pétroliers dans les enrichissements en digestat et comparer le potentiel de dégradation du diesel aux enrichissements provenant de sols contaminés par le pétrole, ii) vérifier l'effet de l'application de digestat sur la diversité de la communauté microbienne et l'activité microbienne du sol, iii) étudier la présence de gènes fonctionnels responsables de la dégradation des hydrocarbures (gènes alkB) dans le digestat et les sols modifiés. Dans un premier temps, sept enrichissements microbiens ont été obtenus à partir de digestats d’origines différentes, de sols contaminés par des hydrocarbures pétroliers et du mélange de sols contaminés et de digestats. Après 3 semaines d'incubation, il a été observé une élimination très importante d’hydrocarbures pétroliers (e.g. diesel) pour les enrichissements microbiens provenant de digestat composté et de sols contaminés par des hydrocarbures pétroliers (78 et 77% d'élimination du gasoil, respectivement). Les enrichissements microbiens obtenus à partir de digestat mélangé à du sol contaminé présentent des performances inférieures à celles des enrichissements à source unique. Dans tous les enrichissements, la présence de gènes alkB a été favorisée pendant l'incubation<br>Petroleum contaminated soils constitute an environmental problem which may be solved with the help of bioremediation. Soil bioaugmentation with petroleum degrading bacteria is an efficient clean-up strategy. Currently scientific interest is focused on sources of bacteria able to degrade hydrocarbons which serve as species pools for enrichments during inoculum preparation. Bioaugmentation treatments are especially important in soils with low level of organic matter and low bacterial counts (e.g. after intensive chemical treatments). Digestate is an organic by-product of biogas production via anaerobic digestion processes and has a great potential as soil fertilizer due to concentrated nutrients. However, the potential of microbial community of digestate was never studied in terms of hydrocarbons degradation. In this thesis, we examined digestate as microbial seeding for bioremediation of weathered petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soils. Our goals were : i) to check the presence of diesel degrading bacteria in digestate enrichments and compare diesel degradation potential with enrichments from petroleum contaminated soils, ii) verify the effect of digestate application on soil microbial community and microbial activity, iii) study the presence of functional genes responsible for hydrocarbons degradation (alkB genes) in digestate and amended soils. During the first experiment, seven microbial enrichments were developed from various digestates, petroleum contaminated soil and from mix of soil with digestate. After 3 weeks of incubation the highest diesel oil removal was observed for enrichments originating from composted digestate and from petroleum contaminated soil (78 and 77 % diesel oil removal, respectively). Enrichments obtained from digestate mixed with soil have lower performance than single source enrichments. In all enrichments, presence of alkB genes was promoted during the incubation.In a second experiment, 6 different treatments were performed in microcosm using two industrial petroleum contaminated soils having different textures: a clay rich soil and a sandy soil. After 30 days of incubation, the highest petroleum hydrocarbons removal was observed in microcosms containing: digestate together with bulking agent (17.8 % and 12.7 % higher than control in clay rich soil and sandy soil, respectively) or; digestate together with immobilized bacteria (13.4 % and 9 % higher than control in clay rich soil and sandy soil, respectively). Distinct microbial groups were formed in amended and non-amended soils. Genera containing species able to degrade hydrocarbons like Acinetobacter and Mycobacterium were abundant in digestate and soil amended with digestate. High concentration of alkB genes were found in digestate, after soil application, the level of alkB genes significantly increased in soils and remained high during one month of treatment. In a third experiment, a contaminated soil was incubated with digestate and bulking agent in bioreactors with active aeration. Initial alkB concentration was 1.5 % in contaminated soil and 4.5 % in digestate. During incubation of soil with digestate, alkB percentage increased up to 11.5 % and after additional inoculation with immobilized bacteria this value increased up to 60 % (alkB percentage for treatment with mineral nutrients reached 0.4 %). Addition of digestate positively affected soil respiration and bacterial density, which was concomitant with enhanced hydrocarbons degradation. Incubation of soil with digestate for 2 months resulted in 74 % of hydrocarbons removal, while extra addition of immobilized bacteria increased this value to 95 %. Digestate increased soil bacterial density and diversity of hydrocarbons degrading taxa.Results obtained during this thesis confirms that digestate is a good source of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria and reveals its great potential to increase abundance of alkB genes responsible for hydrocarbon degradation in soils during bioremediation
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Ma, Zhongyun. "Bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil using indigenous cultures /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0011/MQ34201.pdf.
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Struckhoff, Garrett Cletus Parkin Gene F. "Plant-assisted bioremediation of perchlorate and the effect of plants on redox conditions and biodiversity in low and high organic carbon soil." [Iowa City, Iowa] : University of Iowa, 2009. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/441.
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Somayajula, Sreerama Murthy Kasi. "In Situ Groundwater Remediation using Enricher Reactor-Permeable Reactive Biobarrier." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26648.
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Permeable reactive biobarrier (PRBB) is a flow-through zone where microorganisms degrade contaminants in groundwater. Discontinuous presence of contaminants in groundwater causes performance loss of a PRBB in removing the target contaminant. A novel enricher reactor (ER) - PRBB system was developed to treat groundwater with contaminants that reappear after an absence period. ER is an offline reactor for enriching contaminant degraders, which were used for augmenting PRBB to maintain its performance after a period of contaminant absence. The ER-PRBB concept was initially applied to remove benzene that reappeared after absence periods of 10 and 25 days. PRBBs without ER augmentation experienced performance losses of up to 15% higher than ER-PRBBs. The role of inducer compounds in the ER to enrich bacteria that can degrade a mixture of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) was investigated with an objective to minimize the use of toxic chemicals as inducers. Three inducer types were studied: individual BTEX compounds, BTEX mixture, and benzoate (a non toxic and a common intermediate for BTEX biodegradation). Complete BTEX removal was observed for degraders enriched on all three inducer types; however, the removal rates were dependent on the inducer type. Degraders enriched on toluene and BTEX had the highest degradation rates for BTEX of 0.006 to 0.014 day-1 and 0.006 to 0.012 day-1, respectively, while degraders enriched on benzoate showed the lowest degradation rates of 0.004 to 0.009 day-1.
The ER-PRBB technique was finally applied to address the performance loss of a PRBB due to inhibition interactions among BTEX, when the mixture reappeared after a 10 day absence period. The ER-PRBBs experienced minimal to no performance loss, while PRBBs without ER augmentation experienced performance losses between 11% and 35%. Presence of ethanol during the BTEX absence period increased the performance loss of PRBB for benzene removal. PRBBs augmented with degraders enriched on toluene alone overcame the inhibition interaction between benzene and toluene indicating that toluene can be used as a single effective inducer in an ER. The ER-PRBB was demonstrated to be a promising remediation technique and has potential for applications to a wide range of organic contaminants.
20
Shan, Huifeng. "Development of strategies for enhanced in situ bioremediation of high concentrations of halogenated methanes." Connect to this title online, 2009. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1249065557/.
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Husserl, Johana. "Biodegradation of nitroglycerin as a growth substrate: a basis for natural attenuation and bioremediation." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42708.
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Nitroglycerin (NG) is a toxic explosive commonly found in soil and contaminated groundwater at old manufacturing plants and military ranges. When NG enters an aquifer, it behaves as a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL). Nitroglycerin is an impact sensitive explosive and therefore excavating the area to remove or treat the contaminant can be dangerous. In situ bioremediation and natural attenuation of NG have been proposed as remediation alternatives and it is therefore necessary to understand the degradation mechanisms of NG in contaminated soil and groundwater and investigate the potential for using bioremediation at contaminated sites. Many bacteria have been isolated for the ability to transform NG as a source of nitrogen, but no isolates have used NG as a sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy. We isolated Arthrobacter JBH1 from NG contaminated soil by selective enrichment with NG as the sole growth substrate. The degradation pathway involves a sequential denitration to 1,2-dinitroglycerin (DNG) and 1-mononitroglycerin (MNG) with simultaneous release of nitrite. Flavoproteins of the Old Yellow Enzyme (OYE) family capable of removing the first and second nitro groups from NG have been studied in the past and we identified an OYE homolog in JBH1 capable of selectively producing the 1 MNG intermediate. To our knowledge, there is no previous report on enzymes capable transforming MNG. Here we show evidence that a glycerol kinase homolog in JBH1 is capable of transforming 1 MNG into 1-nitro-3-phosphoglycerol, which could be later introduced into a widespread pathway, where the last nitro group is removed. Overall, NG is converted to CO2 and biomass and some of the nitrite released during denitration is incorporated into biomass as well. As a result, NG can be now considered a growth substrate, which changes the potential to bioremediate NG contaminated sites. The magnitude of the effect of biodegradation processes in the fate of NG in porous systems was unknown, and we have been able to quantify these effects, determine degradation rates, and have evidence that bioaugmentation with Arthrobacter sp. strain JBH1 could result in complete mineralization in contaminated soil and sediments contaminated with NG, without the addition of other carbon sources. Site specific conditions have the potential to affect NG degradation rates in situ. Experiments were conducted to investigate NG degradation at various pH values and NG concentrations, and the effects of common co-contaminants on NG degradation rates. Arthrobacter JBH1 was capable of growing on NG at pH values as low as 5.1 and NG concentrations as high as 1.2 mM. The presence of explosive co-contaminants at the site such as trinitrotoluene and 2,4-dinitrotoluene lowered NG degradation rates, and could potentially result in NG recalcitrance. Collectively, these results provide the basis for NG bioremediation and natural attenuation at sites contaminated with NG without the addition of other sources of carbon. Nonetheless, careful attention should be paid to site-specific conditions that can affect degradation rates.
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Stephens, Frank Lanier. "Thin layer chromatography - flame ionization detection analysis of in-situ petroleum biodegradation." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1039.
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This research was initiated after a 100-year flood caused an oil spill on the San Jacinto River (Houston, Texas) in October of 1994. After the floodwaters subsided the released petroleum floating on the water was deposited on the surrounding lands. The petroleum spill was used as an opportunity to research intrinsic petroleum biodegradation in a 9-acre petroleum impacted estuarine wetland. The first phase of this research (Phase I) began in December 1994, approximately 1.5 months after the spill of opportunity and involved the study and quantification of in-situ petroleum biodegradation. The second phase of the research (Phase II) began in March 1996 with a controlled oil release to study and evaluate the success of two bioremediation treatments versus natural biodegradation. The study of in-situ petroleum hydrocarbon degradation and the evaluation of bioremediation amendments were successfully quantified using GC-MS analytical techniques. However, the GC-MS technique is limited to the analyses of hydrocarbon compounds, a disadvantage that precludes the overall characterization of petroleum degradation.
The research presented here details an analytical technique that was used to provide a full characterization of temporal petroleum biodegradation. This technique uses thin layer chromatography coupled with flame ionization detection (TLC-FID) to characterize the saturate and aromatic (hydrocarbon) fractions and the resin and asphaltene (non-hydrocarbon, polar) fractions. Other analysis techniques, such as HPLC-SARA analysis, are available for the full characterization of the four petroleum fractions. However, these techniques do not lend themselves well to the application of large sample set analysis.
A significant advantage of the TLC-FID analysis to other petroleum analysis techniques is the ability to analyze several samples concurrently and quickly with relative ease and few resources. For the purposes of the Phase I and Phase II research the TLC-FID analysis method was evaluated, refined and applied to quantify the temporal biodegradation and bioremediation of petroleum. While the TLC-FID analysis produces a full characterization, it cannot supplant the GC-MS analysis for petroleum bioremediation research. However, it can be used in conjunction with the GC-MS to expand the knowledge of petroleum bioremediation and remediation strategies.
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Deemer, Bridget Read. "Thermal stratification impacts microbial nitrogen removal and nitrous oxide production in a small eutrophic reservoir an in-situ approach to quantifying hypolimnetic process rates /." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2010/B_Deemer_042310.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in environmental science)--Washington State University, May 2010.<br>Title from PDF title page (viewed on July 21, 2010). "School of Earth and Environmental Science." Includes bibliographical references (p. 23-28).
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Billersjö, Sofia. "In-situ remediation of benzene-contaminated groundwater – A bench-scale study." Thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik (flyttat 20130630), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-171834.
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During the construction of the new urban area in the north-eastern part of Stockholm, Stockholm Royal Seaport, groundwater with extremely elevated levels of the carcinogenic aromatic hydrocarbon benzene was discovered in the area Hjorthagen. Such a contamination can be remediated in-situ by the use of chemical oxidation and biodegradation. Due to the fact that many factors such as contaminant composition, groundwater characteristics and temperature vary between sites, smaller bench scale studies are usually conducted before the full scale remediation on site. Little published research exists on the ability of these remediation techniques in areas with lower groundwater temperature such as Stockholm, why the need of a bench-scale study in this case is even larger. The objective of this master thesis is to, out of three investigated remediation agents, find the most suitable one for remediation of the benzene-contaminated groundwater in Hjorthagen. This was made in the form of a bench-scale study and the techniques studied were chemical oxidation, for which the two agents hydrogen peroxide (uncatalyzed and catalyzed in the form of Fenton’s reagent) and persulfate (activated with iron (II)) were used, and biological degradation by the use of a calcium peroxide-based compound. The study showed that the benzene-contaminated groundwater was best remediated with Fenton’s reagent, which was able to degrade the benzene with great success.
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Wheaton, Matthew York. "A field demonstration of a quantitative framework for defining the limits on in situ bioremediation." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3606.
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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.<br>Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Parsons, Eric G. "In situ air induction as an innovative remediation technology for bioremediation in the capillary zone." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/MQ31632.pdf.
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Gomez, Francisco. "Assessment and Optimization of Ex-Situ Bioremediation of Petroleum Contaminated Soil under Cold Temperature Conditions." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/30565.
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Current prices and demand for petroleum hydrocabons have generated an increase of oil spills around the country and the world. Health and environmental impacts associated to these organic pollutants represent a huge concern for the general public, leading the public and private sector to develop new technologies and methods to minimize or eliminate those risks.
Ex-Situ bioremediation through biopiles, as a main remediation technique to treat a wide range of hydrocarbons, has been a topic of considerable research interest over the last years. It provides an economical and environmental solution to restore the environment to background levels. Nevertheless, successful bioremediation under cold climate conditions is of considerable concern in countries like Canada, as low temperatures can delay the rate of bioremediation of oil hydrocarbons, thus limiting the operation of soil treatment facilities to certain times of the year. Recent research has found out that bioremediation could be conducted even at low or cold temperatures with larger periods of times. And even more, the addition of petroleum degrading microorganisms (bioaugmentation) and nutrients or biosurfactants (biostimulation) could enhance the process in some cases.
In the present study, a comprehensive assessment of bioaugmentation and biostimulation strategies for ex-situ bioremediation of petroleum contaminated soil under cold climate conditions is proposed. Field scale biopiles were constructed and subjected to different concentrations of commercial microbial consortia and mature compost, as bioaugmentation and biostimulation strategies, in a soil treatment facility at Moose Creek, Ontario over a period of 94 days (November 2012 to February 2013). Assessment and comparison of the biodegradation rates of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and their fractions were investigated. Furthermore, a response surface methodology (RSM) based on a factorial design to investigate and optimize the effects of the microbial consortia application rate and amount of compost on the TPH removal was also assessed.
Results showed that biopiles inoculated with microbial consortia and amended with 10:1 soil to compost ratio under aerobic conditions performed the best, degrading 82% of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) with a first-order kinetic degradation rate of 0.016 d_1, under cold temperature conditions. The average removal efficiencies for TPHs after 94 days for control biopiles, with no amendments or with microbial consortia or compost only treatments were 48%, 55%, and 52%, respectively. Statistical analyses indicated a significant difference (p < 0.05) within and between the final measurements for TPHs and a significant difference between the treatment with combined effect, and the control biopiles.
On the other hand, the modeling and optimization statistical analysis of the results showed
that the microbial consortia application rate, compost amendment and their interactions have a
significant effect on TPHs removal with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.88, indicating a high correlation between the observed and the predicted values for the model obtained. The optimum concentrations predicted via RSM were 4.1 ml m-3 for microbial consortia
application rate, and 7% for compost amendment to obtain a maximum TPH removal of
90.7%. This research contributes to provide valuable knowledge to practitioners about cost-effective and existing strategies for ex-situ bioremediation under cold weather conditions.
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Waddill, Dan Wilson. "Three-Dimensional Modeling of Solute Transport with In Situ Bioremediation Based on Sequential Electron Acceptors." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30325.
Full textAbstract:
A numerical model for subsurface solute transport is developed and applied to a contaminated field site. The model is capable of depicting multiple species transport in a three-dimensional, anisotropic, heterogeneous domain as influenced by advection, dispersion, adsorption, and biodegradation. Various hydrocarbon contaminants are simulated as electron donors for microbial growth, with electron acceptors utilized in the following sequence: oxygen, nitrate, Mn(IV), Fe(III), sulfate, and CO₂. In addition, the model accounts for products of biodegradation such as Mn (II), Fe(II), H₂S, and CH₄. Biodegradation of each hydrocarbon substrate follows Monod kinetics, modified to include the effects of electron acceptor and nutrient availability. Inhibition functions permit any electron acceptor to inhibit utilization of all other electron acceptors that provide less Gibbs free energy to the microbes. The model assumes that Fe(III) and Mn(IV) occur as solid phase ions, while the other electron acceptors are dissolved in the aqueous phase. Microbial biomass is simulated as independent groups of heterotrophic bacteria that exist as scattered microcolonies attached to the porous medium. Diffusional limitations to microbial growth are assumed to be negligible.
In order to verify the accuracy of the computer code, the model was applied to simple, hypothetical test cases, and the results were compared to analytical solutions. In addition, a sensitivity analysis showed that variations in model inputs caused logical changes in output. Finally, the capabilities of the model were tested by comparing model output to observed concentrations of hydrocarbons, electron acceptors, and endproducts at a leaking UST site. The model was calibrated using historical site data, and predictive capabilities of the model were tested against subsequent sets of field data.
The model was used to examine the effect of porous media heterogeneities on contaminant transport and biodegradation. The turning bands method was used to produce hypothetical, yet realistic heterogeneous fields describing hydraulic conductivity, initial biomass concentration, and the maximum rate of substrate utilization. When the available electron acceptor concentrations were small compared to the hydrocarbon concentration, the overall rate of hydrocarbon mass loss increased with time, even as hydrocarbon concentrations decreased. This trend is the opposite of what would be predicted by a first order decay model.<br>Ph. D.
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Piwkhow, Supida. "Theoretical and experimental evaluation of acetate thresholds as a monitoring tool for in situ bioremediation." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7803.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.<br>Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Williams, Anna Rachel. "Using flow through reactors to study the non-reductive biomineralization of uranium phosphate minerals." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43701.
Full textAbstract:
Uranium contaminations of the subsurface in the vicinity of nuclear materials processing sites pose a health risk as the uranyl ion in its oxidized state, U(VI), is highly mobile in aquifers. Current remediation strategies such as pump and treat or excavation are invasive and expensive to implement on a large scale. In situ bioremediation represents an alternative strategy that uses the ability of local microbial communities to immobilize contaminants and is actively studied for uranium remediation. The immobilization of U(VI) in groundwater is achieved either by bioreduction to solid uraninite (U(IV)), adsorption to the soil matrix, or non-reductive precipitation of uranium phosphate minerals through the activity of bacterial phosphatases. Bioreduction has been widely studied for remediation of the saturated zone, as anaerobic conditions typically prevail in these environments. This process is only efficient at circumneutral pH, however, and the end product uraninite is unstable under aerobic conditions or in the presence of manganese oxides, nitrite, or even freshly formed iron oxides. Although non-reductive biomineralization of uranium catalyzed by bacterial phosphatase activity successfully removes uranium from the vadose zone, further studies are needed to assess the ability of microbial communities to hydrolyze organophosphate compounds in the saturated zone where oxygen is often depleted and uranium bioreduction may be significant. To investigate this process under anaerobic conditions, low pH soil samples from a uranium contaminated site at the Oak Ridge Field Research Center were incubated anaerobically in flow through reactors in the presence of exogenic organophosphate compounds to stimulate the natural microbial communities in the original soil matrix. Aqueous uranium was injected continuously in the reactors to determine the fraction of uranium removed during these incubations. The reactors amended with organophosphate produced inorganic phosphate in the effluent, suggesting that bacterial phosphatase activity can be stimulated even in anaerobic environments at low pH. Removal of U(VI) in a control amended with organophosphate over a short time period was similar compared to reactors amended with organophosphate for long times suggesting that adsorption may also play a role in U(VI) immobilization. A sequential extraction technique was optimized to differentiate the fraction of uranium loosely adsorbed and the fraction of uranium precipitated as phosphate minerals and batch adsorption experiments were performed to obtain thermodynamic parameters that could be used to predict the fraction of U(VI) adsorbed onto the soil matrix. Results indicated that 100% uranium adsorption was favorable from pH 5 to 10 (without the presence of phosphate), and that most of the solid phase uranium was extracted in the step defined for the strongly adsorbed/uranium phosphate mineral in both long and short-term amended reactors. Overall, these results demonstrate that the biomineralization of uranium phosphate minerals is a viable bioremediation strategy in both the vadose and saturated zones of aquifers at both low and high pH, provided an organophosphate source is available.
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Glew, Nicholas Glew. "Delivery of atomised carbon substrates for in situ bioremediation of chlorinated solvents using medical jet nebulisers." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2010. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=12834.
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Norton, Shawn Michael. "The evaluation of pump-and-treat groundwater remediation techniques for gasoline with emphasis on in situ bioremediation." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02162010-020100/.
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Skiadas, Panagiotis. "Design of an in situ bioremediation scheme of chlorinated solvents by reductive dehalogenation sequenced by cometabolic oxidation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40165.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1996.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-118).<br>by Panagiotis Skiadas.<br>M.Eng.
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CHEN, XINYAO. "Using PCA & Repeated ANOVA to evaluate the In Situ Bioremediation performance of sites contaminated by trichloroethylene." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-37476.
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Currently, one of the most common techniques to remediate contaminated sites of TCE is in situ bioremediation (ISB). In this study, PCA and repeated ANOVA were used to statistically analyze the trends of variables over time to aid in the interpretation of the performance of the in situ bioremediation (ISB) technique. cDCE, Mn2+, chloride and alkalinity have appeared a significant trend over time suggested they have relative stronger indicating power to the performance of ISB. The variables that most effectively describe the bioremediation performance are Fe2+, DOC, Mn2+, methane and alkalinity. Their dramatic changes with time indicate the active functioning of dechlorinating bacteria to remediate the contamination. Three group of indicators can be identified according to their trends over time having a certain consistent character. The first group is methane and ethane, the second group consists of chloride, sulfate and alkalinity and the third group consists of cDCE and tDCE. Definitely, PCA can be an effective tool to analyze the overall trends and transformation pattern of variables over time and at different sampling points within the site. However, the fragmented data set reduce the possibilities for a complete understanding of the remediation process at the site.
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SRIVASTAVA, PRIYANK. "ANALYSIS OF IN-SITU BIORESTORATION OF CONTAMINATED SEDIMENT USING HOLLOW FIBER MEMBRANES." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1132113070.
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Pugh, Charles Wayne. "EFFECT OF SUBSTRATE COMPOSITION ON MICROBIAL DIVERSITY AND EFFICIENCY OF in situ PILOT-SCALE PASSIVE SULFATE-REDUCING BIOREACTORS TREATING ACID MINE DRAINAGE." OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1250.
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Acid mine drainage (AMD) is an environmental problem of a global scale. Passive remediation strategies utilizing the metabolism of sulfate-reducing bacteria have emerged as promising options for the mitigation of impacted AMD sites. In order to test the effect of varying complex and simple carbon sources on AMD remediation efficiency, pilot-scale bioreactors were constructed and exposed to AMD in situ over a ten-month period. Geochemical analyses suggested that the efficiency of AMD remediation depended more on the seasonal weather patterns of Southern Illinois, USA than the substrate composition of each bioreactor. Enrichment cultures targeting sulfate-reducing organisms yielded several isolates most closely related to members of the genera Desulfovibrio and Clostridium. Microbial community analysis was performed using fluorescent in situ hybridization, 16S rRNA gene targeted pyrosequencing, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results suggested that the depth from which samples were taken as well as the substrate composition impacted the microbial communities within each bioreactor. Over the course of the experiment the community changed from one similar to that of a bovine rumen to one more adapted to the acidic nature and high metal content of AMD. Community abundance based on 16S rRNA gene and dsrB gene copy number suggested an overall decrease in the bacterial population over the course of the study.
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Mehmannavaz, Reza. "A laboratory study on the development and testing of a bioaugmentation system for contaminated soils." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0028/NQ50221.pdf.
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Johansson, Glenn. "Using PCA to reveal hidden structures in the remediation steps of chlorinated solvents." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-33397.
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Chlorinated solvents such as trichloroethene (TCE) and perchloroethene (PCE) are commonly found in industrialized areas and can have major impact on human health and groundwater quality. The techniques for removing these substances from the subsurface environment is constantly being tuned and revised, and as such, the need for monitoring at such remediation sites is crucial. To find important correlations and hidden patterns between variables principle component analyses (PCA) and correlations matrixes were used on sets of field data from an existing remediation site in southern Sweden. Four important components were extracted in the following order; End products of dechlorination (EPD), second wave of dechlorination (SWD), first wave of dechlorination (FWD) and indicators of dechlorination (ID). The underlying pattern found in the data set was most likely derived from thermodynamic preference, explaining important correlations such as the correlation between iron and sulfate, the correlation between redox and degree of dechlorination. The law of thermodynamic preference means that we can (roughly) estimate the level of difficulty and/or the time it will take to remediate a polluted site. These findings show that similar results shown in theory and laboratory environments also applies in the field and also that PCA is a potent tool for evaluating large data sets in this field of science. However, it is of great importance that the correlations are examined thoroughly, as correlation it not equal to causation.
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Buffone, Steven A. "Characterization and Bioremediation Viability of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contamination in the Banks of the Mahoning River." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1442408994.
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Gentric, Charline. "La bioremédiation in situ des parcs conchylicoles par les éponges marines est-elle envisageable ?" Thesis, Lorient, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORIS399/document.
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La préservation de la qualité des eaux marines et la lutte contre les pollutions liées à l'activité humaine sont devenues des enjeux mondiaux. De nombreux contaminants biologiques et polluants chimiques se retrouvent dans l’eau de mer, par conséquent dans les produits aquacoles. Ce contexte fait qu’aujourd’hui, les professionnels de la mer sont à la recherche de solutions pour préserver voire améliorer la qualité de leurs eaux. Au sein de notre biodiversité, les éponges marines sont des animaux capables de filtrer 10 000 fois leur volume en eau par jour et de retenir 80% des particules en suspension comme la matière organique, les minéraux, les bactéries et les virus. Par la même occasion, elles accumulent certains éléments traces métalliques comme le plomb, le cadmium ou le cuivre. En collaboration avec le Comité Régional de Conchyliculture de Bretagne Sud, le projet REMEDBIO dans lequel s’inscrit cette thèse se propose d'exploiter le potentiel de filtration des éponges marines du littoral breton. Les objectifs sont de contrôler le développement de bactéries pathogènes et de réduire la présence de polluants chimiques. L’éponge marine Hymeniacidon perlevis (Demospongiae) a été choisie comme modèle pour cette étude. Après avoir mis en évidence la faisabilité de la culture d’éponges marines sur l’estran, notre travail a montré, lors d’essais in vitro, une diminution de la contamination des huîtres par deux bactéries, Escherichia coli et Vibrio aestuarianus, et par le plomb, un élément trace métallique, en présence d’éponges. La dernière phase de ce travail a consisté à valoriser les résultats obtenus. Le projet d’entreprise LECOMER a débuté par le concours START’UBS (lauréat) proposé par l’Université de Bretagne Sud en 2014. Par la suite, LECOMER a été élu lauréat des Trophées de l’Innovation du Morbihan 2014<br>The conservation of waters quality and the fight against pollution due to human activities havebecome global issues. Many biological contaminants and chemical pollutants are found in sea water, therefore in aquaculture products. This context fact sea professional are looking for solutions to preserve or even improve the quality of their waters. Among marine biodiversity, marine sponges filter 10 000 times their volume of water per day and retain 80 % of suspended particles such as organic matter, minerals, bacteria and viruses. In addition, sponges are therefore considered as bio-accumulators of metallic trace element such as lead, cadmium or copper. In collaboration with the Comité Régional de Conchyliculture de Bretagne Sud, REMEDBIO project proposes to exploite potential of marine sponges of the Brittany coast. One of the main priorities of this project is to reduce the impact of chemicals (heavy metals) and of biological contaminants (bacteria, viruses) on shellfish breeding. The marine sponges Hymeniacidon perlevis (Demospongiae) was chosen as the model for this study. Having demonstrated the feasibility of the culture of marine sponges on the foreshore, our work has shown, when tested in vitro, reduced contamination of oysters by two bacteria, Escherichia coli and Vibrio aestuarianus, and lead, a metal trace element, in the presence of sponges. The last phase of this work has been to enhance the results. The company LECOMER project began with the START'UBS contest (winner) proposed by the Université de Bretagne Sud in 2014. Thereafter, LECOMER was elected winner of the Innovation Awards of Morbihan in 2014
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Dorn, Jonathan Graves. "Understanding bioremediation of contaminated groundwater: Application of a lux bioreporter to monitor in situ bacterial catabolism of naphthalene in saturated porous media." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280693.
Full textAbstract:
One attractive technology for restoration of hydrocarbon-contaminated groundwater is in situ bioremediation, a process where the degradative capacity of biological systems, usually bacteria, is harnessed to facilitate clean-up of environmental pollutants. However, the successful implementation of in situ bioremediation is contingent upon understanding how physicochemical and microbial factors affect the formation and dynamics of microbially active regions, known as bioactive zones (BAZs), in porous media. In this study, a novel, laboratory-scale fiber optic detection system was developed and employed to monitor real-time, in situ BAZ formation and dynamics during naphthalene transport in saturated porous media. Biological activity was measured non-destructively by detecting in situ bioluminescence from Pseudomonas putida RB1353, a naphthalene degrading, lux reporter organism. The first investigation focused on examining the impact of temperature, pH and initial cell number on P. putida RB1353's peak luminescence and V max during naphthalene catabolism. Statistical analyses based on general linear models indicated that temperature, pH, and initial substrate concentration accounted for 99.9% of the variability in luminescence during naphthalene catabolism. These results demonstrated that with careful characterization and standardization of measurement conditions, attainment of a reproducible luminescence response and an understanding of the response are feasible. The second investigation evaluated several potential limitations of the fiber optic detection system and the ability of the detection system to capture BAZ dynamics. The results indicated that the system is not adversely affected by biofilm formation on the optical fiber tips or by bioluminescence attenuation in the porous medium. Additionally, the utility of the detection system was demonstrated by effectively capturing the dynamics of in situ bacterial activity during naphthalene catabolism under changing physicochemical conditions. The third investigation employed the detection system to monitor real-time, in situ BAZ formation and dynamics during naphthalene transport in saturated porous media containing defined physicochemical and microbial heterogeneities. Despite successful transport of bacteria into sterile regions, BAZ formation was limited by local physicochemical conditions. Furthermore, bacterial transport against the advective flow enabled BAZ formation upgradient of inoculated regions. Ultimately, such investigations will improve the utility of in situ bioremediation by enhancing our understanding of BAZ dynamics in complex, heterogeneous systems.
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Ljungberg, Karin. "Evaluation of stimulated reductivedechlorination in situ of chlorinatedsolvents at a site in Huddinge : using principal component analysis, partialleast square regression and degradation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-352259.
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The method of using stimulated reductive dechlorination when remediating sites contaminated with chlorinated solvents is not unusual, but not many studies have been done on the overall process outside of a controlled environment. In order to investigate the process, principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square (PLS) regression was used to identify the most important parameters for the degradation of the chlorinated solvents. The most important parameter for all chlorinated compounds turned out to be oxygen, with levels of degradation products increasing with decreasing levels of dissolved oxygen. Dissolved oxygen was deemed the most important variable to measure during a control program on the site. The degradation dynamics of the process were investigated to examine the behaviour of the chlorinated solvents and their degradation products. The degradation products of the main contaminant TCE were found in all observation points, which indicates an ongoing reductive dechlorination all over the site. A large amount of the mother product, TCE, was found in two observation points, which were believed to be situated close to the sources of the TCE contamination. Over the observation period of 2,5 years the levels of TCE in the source areas decreased significantly to below the remediation goal. However, the levels of TCE increased in another observation point further downstream, with concentrations still increasing at the end of this study. The levels in this point were lower than those measured initially in the source area, but still much higher than the accepted values. Possible reasons for this appearance of TCE could be an isolated sheet of contaminants being pushed into the observation point from a nearby location or transport of the contaminants from the source area in units of higher conductivity such as sand lenses or fractures in the clayey soil.<br>Att använda stimulerad reduktiv deklorering som metod för att sanera fastigheter förorenade med klorerade lösningsmedel är inte ovanligt, men få studier har undersökt det övergripande saneringsförloppet utanför de kontrollerade förhållanden i en labbmiljö. För att undersöka nedbrytningsprocessen användes principalkomponentsanalys (PCA) och partial least square (PLS) regression i syfte att identifiera de parametrar som hade störst påverkan på nedbrytningen av de klorerade föroreningarna. Den enskilt viktigaste parametern visade sig vara halten löst syre i grundvattnet, då halterna av nedbrytningsprodukter ökade med minskande syrehalt. Därför ses syre som den viktigaste parametern för att följa förloppet och är den parameter som bör mätas i kontrollprogram över nedbrytningsprocessen. Nedbrytningsdynamiken analyserades under en observationsperiod på 2,5 år för att studera hur de klorerade föroreningarna betedde sig under nedbrytningsförloppet. Nedbrytningsprodukter hittades i provtagningspunkter över hela fastigheten vilket visar på en pågående reduktiv deklorering. En stor mängd av moderprodukten TCE hittades i två punkter som bedömdes vara källor till TCE-spridningen. Under observationsperioden sjönk halterna av TCE i dessa två punkter till under gränsen för åtgärdsmålet, dock ökade koncentrationen av TCE i en annan provpunkt längre nedströms källområdet. Halterna i provpunkten var inte lika höga som de initiala halterna i källområdet, men de var långt högre än det fastställda åtgärdsmålen och ökade fortfarande när undersökningen avslutades. Möjliga förklaringar till varför halterna ökade i denna provpunkt är att ett sjok av TCE från omkringliggande sediment har transporterats till provpunkten, eller att en föroreningstransport har skett från källområdet via områden med högre konduktivitet i till exempel sandlinser eller sprickor.
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Ugwuegbu, Benjamin U. "A laboratory study on the development of a biological pollution control system for contaminated soils /." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34691.
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This study describes a laboratory scale development of an in-situ bioremediation method, which uses a water table management system to supply nutrients to subsoil microorganisms, for biostimulation and subsequent biodegradation of pollutants such as fertilizer-nitrate and hydrocarbons (e.g., diesel oils), in the unsaturated zone of the soil. The study, which was divided into two parts: first nitrate bioremediation and secondly diesel biodegradation, was carried out on packed soil columns.<br>For the nitrate study, different levels of glucose were introduced into packed soil columns, 1,000 mm long x 200 mm, diameter, via subirrigation in order to supplement the organic carbon levels in the soil. Two sandy soils were used, with 1.6% and 3.4% organic matter content, respectively; and the water table in the soil columns was maintained at a depth of 350 mm below the surface. Fertilizer-nitrate was applied to the soil surface at a rate of 180 kg/ha nitrate-N. Simulated rainfall was used to leach nitrates to lower depths. The efficacy of using the subirrigation system, as a method for nutrient delivery in the bioremediation of leached nitrate, was monitored with time and with reference to the nitrate residue, redox potential of the soil solution, and solubilized Fe and Mn.<br>Leached nitrate was denitrified to less than 10 mg/L nitrate-N, which is the limit permitted in drinking water. The ideal organic carbon range was considered to be the glucose level (20 mg/L glucose-C) that reduced mom nitrate and gave redox potential and soluble Fe and Mn levels, similar to the control soil solution, when subjected to 96 days of subirrigation. Successful delivery of nutrient for the bioremediation of nitrate, within the farm boundaries, will be considered a "break through" toward nitrate residue control if this novel approach to nitrate control is demonstrated in the field. The delivery method will offer a technical solution to on-farm nitrate pollution. It is inexpensive, easy to adopt, and does not require major changes in the current farm practices.<br>In the second part of the study, a diesel contaminated sandy soil was packed in columns, 2,000 nun long x 200 nun diameter. The subirrigation method was used to supply two different combinations of treatments to the microorganisms in the soil for the biodegradation of the diesel namely: air, water and nutrients (N, P etc.), and air and water. The success of using subirrigation, to deliver nutrients to the soil in the columns, was monitored by measuring the trend in the reduction of soil diesel-TPH (diesel-total petroleum hydrocarbon) residue with time. Results obtained from the treated columns were compared with each other, and with the control columns undergoing passive biodegradation.<br>The study showed that subirrigation can be used as a method of nutrient delivery in the -bioremediaton of diesel contaminated soil. The TPH in the contaminated soil decreased, from an initial 670 mg diesel TPH/kg soil to an acceptable level of 40 mg diesel TPH/kg soil, in 82 days in the columns subjected to a combination of nutrient, air and water treatments. If this method of delivering biostimulants to the subsoil microbial population is demonstrated in the field, it will be invaluable to in-situ bioremediation of contaminated soils.
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Yao, Jun. "Untersuchungen zum Einfluss von Sauerstoff, Nitrat und Sulfat sowie Wasserstoffperoxid auf Bioverfügbarkeit und Bioremediation bei PAK-Bodenkontamination mit In-situ-Anwendung auf einem Gaswerksgelände." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=963032569.
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Haghseta, Farnaz Saboori 1974. "Conceptual design of an in-situ sequential anaerobic/aerobic bioremediation scheme for chlorinated solvents in the Landfill-1 plume at the Massachusetts Military Reservation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42627.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1997.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 74-77).<br>by Farnaz Saboori Haghseta.<br>M.Eng.
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Firmino, Paulo Igor Milen. "Tratamento AnaerÃbio e MicroaerÃbio de Ãguas SintÃticas Contaminadas com BTEX." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=10242.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de NÃvel Superior<br>O presente estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar o uso de reatores biolÃgicos, sob condiÃÃes
anaerÃbias e microaerÃbias, como opÃÃo de biorremediaÃÃo ex situ de Ãguas contaminadas
com BTEX. Inicialmente, foi desenvolvido, otimizado e validado um mÃtodo analÃtico para a
detecÃÃo e quantificaÃÃo de BTEX em Ãguas e efluentes, o qual consistia em extraÃÃo por
headspace seguida de cromatografia gasosa com detecÃÃo por fotoionizaÃÃo. Posteriormente,
foram conduzidos experimentos em fluxo contÃnuo em dois reatores anaerÃbios mesofÃlicos
(27 ÂC) â um deles operado sob condiÃÃes metanogÃnicas e, em seguida, sob condiÃÃes
microaerÃbias, e o outro, apenas sob condiÃÃes sulfetogÃnicas â a fim de verificar a melhor
condiÃÃo operacional para a remoÃÃo de BTEX. Os reatores foram alimentados com Ãgua
contaminada com BTEX (~3 mgÂL-1 de cada composto) e etanol (co-substrato), e,
dependendo da condiÃÃo redox avaliada, investigou-se o efeito de diferentes parÃmetros
operacionais, tais como tempo de detenÃÃo hidrÃulica (24, 36 e 48 h), recirculaÃÃo de
efluente, concentraÃÃo de co-substrato, relaÃÃo DQO/SO4
2- e microaeraÃÃo, no desempenho
de remoÃÃo de BTEX. AlÃm disso, o reator metanogÃnico sob condiÃÃes microaerÃbias foi
submetido a simulaÃÃes de choques de carga e de ausÃncia desses compostos, e de falhas
operacionais, como desligamento do sistema e desligamento da microaeraÃÃo, para
verificaÃÃo de sua robustez. Sob condiÃÃes metanogÃnicas, dependendo do composto, as
eficiÃncias de remoÃÃo variaram de 38 a 97%. PorÃm, o aumento da carga aplicada de BTEX,
em consequÃncia da reduÃÃo do tempo de detenÃÃo hidrÃulica de 48 para 24 h, parece ter
afetado negativamente o processo de remoÃÃo. Ainda sob condiÃÃes metanogÃnicas, tambÃm
se verificou o efeito da recirculaÃÃo de efluente na remoÃÃo de BTEX para altas e baixas
concentraÃÃes de co-substrato (etanol). Quando altas concentraÃÃes de etanol foram
utilizadas, o impacto da recirculaÃÃo de efluente nÃo foi evidente, jà que, provavelmente, a
elevada produÃÃo de biogÃs teria sido suficiente para garantir uma transferÃncia de massa
efetiva. Sob condiÃÃes sulfetogÃnicas, a adiÃÃo de sulfato em diversas relaÃÃes DQO/SO4
2-
nÃo alterou a remoÃÃo de BTEX, sugerindo que as bactÃrias redutoras de sulfato nÃo estariam
diretamente relacionadas à ativaÃÃo inicial dos compostos aromÃticos. Sob condiÃÃes
microaerÃbias, elevadas eficiÃncias de remoÃÃo de BTEX foram alcanÃadas (> 90%). Ã
provÃvel que a adiÃÃo de baixas concentraÃÃes de oxigÃnio tenha facilitado a ativaÃÃo inicial
dos compostos BTEX, a qual à considerada a etapa limitante do processo de degradaÃÃo
anaerÃbia, principalmente para o benzeno. Ainda, constatou-se que a presenÃa de altas
concentraÃÃes de etanol afetou negativamente a remoÃÃo de BTEX, notadamente para o
benzeno, sob as diferentes condiÃÃes redox testadas, jà que à um substrato preferencialmente
degradÃvel em relaÃÃo aos compostos aromÃticos. Finalmente, com relaÃÃo à robustez do
reator metanogÃnico sob condiÃÃes microaerÃbias, o sistema conseguiu lidar com os choques
de carga de BTEX embora choques consecutivos tenham aumentado seu tempo de
recuperaÃÃo. O perÃodo de ausÃncia de BTEX parece ter prejudicado a microbiota do reator,
pois a qualidade do efluente deteriorou-se consideravelmente apÃs reintroduÃÃo dos
compostos. O desligamento da microaeraÃÃo impactou negativamente a remoÃÃo de BTEX,
mas o sistema recuperou-se rapidamente apÃs restabelecimento das condiÃÃes microaerÃbias.<br>The present study aimed to evaluate the use of biological reactors under anaerobic and
microaerobic conditions, as an option of ex situ bioremediation of BTEX-contaminated
waters. Initially, an analytical method for BTEX detection and quantification in waters and
wastewaters, which consisted of headspace extraction followed by gas chromatography with
detection by photoionization, was developed, optimized and validated. Subsequently,
continuous-flow experiments were conducted in two mesophilic (27 ÂC) anaerobic reactors â
one of them operated under methanogenic conditions and, afterwards, under microaerobic
conditions, and the other one only under sulfidogenic conditions â a in order to determine the
best operational condition for BTEX removal. The reactors were fed with water contaminated
with BTEX (~3 mgÂL-1 of each compound) and ethanol (co-substrate), and, depending on the
redox condition evaluated, the effect of some operational parameters, such as hydraulic
retention time (24, 36 and 48 h), effluent recirculation, co-substrate concentration, DQO/SO4
2-
ratio and microaeration, was investigated in BTEX removal performance. Furthermore, the
methanogenic reactor under microaerobic conditions was submitted to simulated situations of
shock loading and absence of these compounds, and operational failures, such as system and
microaeration shutdown to assess its robustness. Under methanogenic conditions, depending
on the compound, removal efficiencies ranged from 38 to 97%. However, the increase of
applied BTEX load, as a consequence of hydraulic detention time reduction from 48 to 24 h,
seems to have adversely affected the removal process. Moreover, under methanogenic
conditions, the effluent recirculation effect on BTEX removal was also assessed when high
and low co-substrate (ethanol) concentrations were applied. For high ethanol concentrations,
the impact of effluent recirculation was not evident since, probably, the high biogas
production would have been sufficient to ensure effective mass transfer. Under sulfidogenic
conditions, sulfate addition at different DQO/SO4
2- ratios did not change BTEX removal,
which suggests sulfate-reducing bacteria would not be directly related to initial activation of
aromatic compounds. Under microaerobic conditions, high BTEX removal efficiencies were
achieved (> 90%). It is likely the addition of low oxygen concentrations has facilitated the
initial activation of BTEX compounds, which is considered the limiting step of the anaerobic
degradation process, mainly for benzene. Furthermore, the presence of high ethanol
concentrations negatively affected BTEX removal, particularly for benzene, under the
different redox conditions tested, since it is a preferentially degradable substrate when
compared to the aromatic compounds. Finally, regarding the methanogenic reactor robustness
under microaerobic conditions, the system could cope with BTEX load shocks although
consecutive shocks have increased its recovery time. The period of BTEX absence seems to
have negatively affected the reactor microbiota because the effluent quality deteriorated
considerably after compounds reintroduction. The microaeration shutdown also negatively
impacted the removal of BTEX, but the system recovered quickly after microaerobic
conditions reestablishment.
47
Beazley, Melanie J. "Nonreductive biomineralization of uranium(VI) as a result of microbial phosphatase activity." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29644.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph.D)--Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.<br>Committee Chair: Taillefert, Martial; Committee Member: DiChristina, Thomas; Committee Member: Sobecky, Patricia; Committee Member: Van Cappellen, Philippe; Committee Member: Webb, Samuel. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
48
Baranger, Claire. "Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation for soil bioremediation : potential of microfluidics to understand benzo[a]pyrene uptake by the filamentous fungus Talaromyces helicus." Thesis, Compiègne, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COMP2559.
Full textAbstract:
Ce travail de thèse examine différents aspects de la bioremédiation fongique des hydrocarbures aromatiques polycycliques, selon trois grands axes : mobilisation, incorporation, biodégradation. L’étude se concentre sur les interactions entre le polluant, le champignon, et l’environnement à travers l’exemple de la mobilisation du benzo[a]pyrène, un composé cancérogène, mutagène et reprotoxique bien étudié comme modèle de polluant hydrophobe, par Talaromyces helicus, un champignon du sol récemment identifié comme présentant un intérêt pour la dépollution de contaminations multiples. La prédictibilité des résultats en fonction des caractéristiques du site à traiter est un verrou en matière de bioremédiation des sols, ainsi il est important de disposer d’outils expérimentaux adaptés pour identifier des stratégies de biostimulation pertinentes au cas par cas. Plusieurs modèles expérimentaux sont utilisés à cette fin. Dans un premier temps, des tests en cultures liquides ont été réalisés afin de quantifier la biodégradation dans des conditions contrôlées. Les microcosmes de sol sont aussi une approche classique pour l’étude de la bioremédiation de pollutions, utilisés ici pour évaluer les capacités de la souche dans un milieu plus proche d’un site réel, et tester plusieurs paramètres de biostimulation. Enfin, un environnement modèle compartimenté a été mis en place sous la forme d’une puce microfluidique, dans le but de développer un milieu poreux modèle transparent et adaptable pour étudier à une micro-échelle la mobilisation et l’incorporation de polluants par un organisme non motile<br>The present work examines several aspects of the fungal bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, following three main axes: mobilization, uptake and biodegradation. This study focuses on the interactions between the pollutant, fungus and the environment through the example of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) mobilization by Talaromyces helicus. BaP is a carcinogenic, mutagenic and reprotoxic compound well-studied as a model hydrophobic pollutant, while T. helicus in a soil fungus recently identified as holding potential for the remediation of multiple contaminations. Result predictability depending on each site’s characteristics is a limitation in the field of bioremediation, and having adapted experimental tools is important to identify relevant biostimulation strategies on a case-by-case basis. Therefore, several experimental set-ups were used. As a first step, tests in liquid cultures were carried out to quantify BaP degradation in controlled conditions. Soil microcosms are also a classical approach for the study of pollution remediation, used here to evaluate the strain’s performance in conditions closer to a real site, and to test several biostimulation parameters. Finally, a compartmentalized model environment was set up in the form of a microfluidic chip, the goal being to develop a transparent, adaptable model of porous medium to study pollutant mobilization and uptake by a non-motile organism at the microscale
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Gentric, Charline. "La bioremédiation in situ des parcs conchylicoles par les éponges marines est-elle envisageable ?" Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lorient, 2016. http://www.univ-ubs.fr/collections-electroniques-de-l-ubs-274685.kjsp?RH=1398415417848&RF=SIT_COLLELECT.
Full textAbstract:
La préservation de la qualité des eaux marines et la lutte contre les pollutions liées à l'activité humaine sont devenues des enjeux mondiaux. De nombreux contaminants biologiques et polluants chimiques se retrouvent dans l’eau de mer, par conséquent dans les produits aquacoles. Ce contexte fait qu’aujourd’hui, les professionnels de la mer sont à la recherche de solutions pour préserver voire améliorer la qualité de leurs eaux. Au sein de notre biodiversité, les éponges marines sont des animaux capables de filtrer 10 000 fois leur volume en eau par jour et de retenir 80% des particules en suspension comme la matière organique, les minéraux, les bactéries et les virus. Par la même occasion, elles accumulent certains éléments traces métalliques comme le plomb, le cadmium ou le cuivre. En collaboration avec le Comité Régional de Conchyliculture de Bretagne Sud, le projet REMEDBIO dans lequel s’inscrit cette thèse se propose d'exploiter le potentiel de filtration des éponges marines du littoral breton. Les objectifs sont de contrôler le développement de bactéries pathogènes et de réduire la présence de polluants chimiques. L’éponge marine Hymeniacidon perlevis (Demospongiae) a été choisie comme modèle pour cette étude. Après avoir mis en évidence la faisabilité de la culture d’éponges marines sur l’estran, notre travail a montré, lors d’essais in vitro, une diminution de la contamination des huîtres par deux bactéries, Escherichia coli et Vibrio aestuarianus, et par le plomb, un élément trace métallique, en présence d’éponges. La dernière phase de ce travail a consisté à valoriser les résultats obtenus. Le projet d’entreprise LECOMER a débuté par le concours START’UBS (lauréat) proposé par l’Université de Bretagne Sud en 2014. Par la suite, LECOMER a été élu lauréat des Trophées de l’Innovation du Morbihan 2014<br>The conservation of waters quality and the fight against pollution due to human activities havebecome global issues. Many biological contaminants and chemical pollutants are found in sea water, therefore in aquaculture products. This context fact sea professional are looking for solutions to preserve or even improve the quality of their waters. Among marine biodiversity, marine sponges filter 10 000 times their volume of water per day and retain 80 % of suspended particles such as organic matter, minerals, bacteria and viruses. In addition, sponges are therefore considered as bio-accumulators of metallic trace element such as lead, cadmium or copper. In collaboration with the Comité Régional de Conchyliculture de Bretagne Sud, REMEDBIO project proposes to exploite potential of marine sponges of the Brittany coast. One of the main priorities of this project is to reduce the impact of chemicals (heavy metals) and of biological contaminants (bacteria, viruses) on shellfish breeding. The marine sponges Hymeniacidon perlevis (Demospongiae) was chosen as the model for this study. Having demonstrated the feasibility of the culture of marine sponges on the foreshore, our work has shown, when tested in vitro, reduced contamination of oysters by two bacteria, Escherichia coli and Vibrio aestuarianus, and lead, a metal trace element, in the presence of sponges. The last phase of this work has been to enhance the results. The company LECOMER project began with the START'UBS contest (winner) proposed by the Université de Bretagne Sud in 2014. Thereafter, LECOMER was elected winner of the Innovation Awards of Morbihan in 2014
50
Berger, Thomas Michael. "Biorremediação de solos contaminados com hidrocarbonetos totais de petróleo - enfoque na aplicação do processo terraferm." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/10900.
Full textAbstract:
Bodenkontaminationen durch Mineralölkohlenwasserstoffe sind ein weltweites Umweltproblem. Die Kontaminatiosquellen stehen im Zusammenhang mit Förderung, Lagerung, Transport, Verteilung und Endlagerung von Erdöl und Erdölprodukten. Brasilien beginnt zurzeit einen Prozess der Altlastenerfassung und –erkundung und in Konsequenz dessen auch die Suche nach geeigneten Sanierungstechniken. Biologische Prozesse spielen eine immer stärkere Rolle insbesondere bei der Sanierung von Bodenkontaminationen mit organischen Substanzen. Diese Prozesse gelten als “ökologisch korrekter” und sind im Vergleich mit anderen Techniken mit geringeren Kosten und technischen Aufwand durchführbar. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der biologischen Bodensanierung mittels des Terraferm® Verfahrens unter den Umweltbedingungen des Bundesstaates São Paulo, Brasilien zu überprüfen. Zu diesem Zweck wurde der Boden einer MKW-kontaminierte Fläche (Mina de Argila) in der Raffinerie REPLAN der PETROBRÁS S/A in Paulínia -SP ausgekoffert. Es wurden zehn Bodenproben in Bezug auf ihre physikalisch-chemischen Eigenschaften MKW, PAK, BTEX, Metalle (Cr, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cd, As, Hg, Fe, Ta), Wassergehalt, pH, Korngröße analysiert. Drei Proben mit durchschnittlichen MKW-gehalten wurden zur Überprüfung der biologischen Sanierbarkeit und der Bestimmung der Kontrollparameter für den später Sanierungsdurchführung Säulenversuchen unterzogen. Insgesamt wurden 72.384t kontaminierten Bodens ausgekoffert, wovon 21.050t der Abfallklasse II (nach NBR 10004) zugeordnet wurden und direkt auf eine Mülldeponie verbracht wurden. Es wurden 51.334t der Abfallklasse 1 in die Bodenreinigungsanlage der Firmen SAPOTEC/ESTRE in Paulínia - SP mittels des Terraferm® Verfahrens behandelt. Dieses Verfahren ist darauf ausgelegt, alle für den biologischen Abbau nötigen Prozessparameter im Optimum zu halten. Die Behandlung erfolgt in Hallen auf versiegeltem Untergrund und die dabei freigesetzten Schad- und Geruchsstoffe werden gefasst und einer Abluftreinigung zugeführt. Nach der Vorbehandlung (Aussortierung von Störstoffen, Zugabe von Strukturmaterial, Durchmischung) mittels speziellem Aufbereitungsaggregat wurden insgesamt elf Behandlungsmieten aufgesetzt. Der Sauerstoffgehalt, Bodenfeuchte und Nährstoffgehalte wurden im Optimalbereich gehalten. Die Analysen und die Säulenversuche bestätigten die biologische Sanierbarkeit des Bodens. Die Abbauraten in den Säulenversuchen lagenzwischen 70,2% und 88,6% in 14 Tagen. Diese hohen Abbauraten lassen sich durch die Zusammensetzung der MKW begründen, die sich hauptsächlich aus gut abbaubaren n-Alkanen und iso-Alkanen bestehen. Die durchschnittliche Abbaurate bei den elf Behandlungsmieten lag bei 80,88%, wobei die niedrigste bei 54,71% und die höchste Abbaurate bei 97,97% lagen. Die statistische Auswertung ergab, dass sich die Mittelwerte der MKW-gehalte während der Behandlung signifikant voneinander unterscheiden (<0,01). Die im Rahmen dieser Arbeit durchgeführten Versuche bestätigen den erfolgreichen Einsatz des Terraferm® Verfahrens unter Umweltbedingungen des Bundesstaates São Paulo, Brasilien. Die starke Variabilität der Abbauraten in den Behandlungsmieten deutet aber auf einen weiteren Forschungsbedarf, insbesondere hinsichtlich des Temperatur-einflusses, hin.<br>Contaminações de solos com hidrocarbonetos de petróleo são um problema ambiental com abrangência mundial devido à alta demanda de produtos refinados de petróleo. As fontes são múltiplas e estão relacionadas à exploração, produção, armazenamento, transporte, distribuição e à destinação final de petróleo e seus derivados. Hoje o Brasil está iniciando um processo de avaliação e cadastramento de suas áreas contaminadas e, conseqüentemente, está procurando alternativas para a remediação das mesmas. Processos biológicos estão ganhando cada vez mais importância no tratamento, especialmente de solos contaminados com compostos orgânicos. Estes métodos são favorecidos por serem mais limpos, com custos baixos e de mais fácil aplicação em escala industrial. Assim, com o objetivo de verificar a aplicabilidade da biorremediação através do processo Terraferm® às condições ambientais do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, foi realizada a remediação ex situ de uma área contaminada com TPH, chamada Mina de Argila na Refinaria de Paulínia – REPLAN da PETROBRÁS S/A, em Paulínia - SP. Foram analisadas dez amostras de solo contaminado em relação aos parâmetros físico-químicos TPH, PAH, BTEX, metais (Cr, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cd, As, Hg, Fe, Ta), umidade, pH, oxigênio e granulometria. Três amostras com valores médios de TPH foram submetidas a ensaios de coluna para verificação da biotratabilidade do material e para definição de parâmetros de controle do processo em escala industrial. Foram removidos um total de 72.384t de material contaminado. Deste total, 21.050t foram classificadas como resíduo classe II segundo a NBR 10004 e encaminhadas para um aterro sanitário, e 51.334t foram classificadas como resíduo classe I, sendo destinadas à estação de biorremediação das empresas SAPOTEC/ESTRE, em Paulínia - SP. O solo contaminado foi tratado com o processo Terraferm®, que visa à otimização dos parâmetros que influenciam diretamente a atividade microbiana necessária para a biodegradação. O tratamento é feito em galpões com piso impermeabilizado e com um sistema de captação e tratamento das emissões geradas durante o processo de biodegradação. Após o pré-tratamento em máquina especial, que consiste na separação dos materiais não-tratáveis, na homogeneização e na adição de material estrutural, o solo contaminado foi colocado em onze pilhas de tratamento. Os fatores chave como o teor de oxigênio, a umidade e os nutrientes foram mantidos nas faixas consideradas ótimas. A caracterização química e o ensaio de coluna comprovaram a biotratabilidade do solo. Noensaio em coluna, obteve-se taxas de degradação entre 70,2% e 88,6% em 14 dias. Essas taxas altas são explicadas pela composição do TPH que consiste, neste caso, basicamente de n-alcanos e iso-alcanos considerados de fácil degradação biológica. A taxa média de degradação obtida no tratamento das onze pilhas foi de 80,88%, sendo a menor de 54,71% e a maior de 97,97%. Na análise estatística, verificou-se que as médias das concentrações de TPH durante cada período de tratamento diferem significativamente (<0,01). O trabalho conclui que o processo Terraferm® foi aplicado com sucesso nas condições ambientais do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Entretanto, os resultados do tratamento mostram uma alta variabilidade das taxas de degradação nas pilhas, que indica a necessidade de novas pesquisas, especialmente sobre a influência da temperatura no processo.<br>Soil contaminations with petroleum hydrocarbons are a worldwide environmental problem due to the high demand for refined petroleum products. Contamination sources are multiple and related to the exploration, production, storage, transportation, distribution, and final disposal of petroleum and its derivatives. Nowadays Brazil is starting to assess and record its contaminated areas and consequently search for alternatives for their remediation. Biological processes are gaining more and more importance, specially in the treatment of soils contaminated by organic compounds. These methods are favored for being cleaner, with lower costs, and more easily applicable to industrial scale. Therefore, with the objective of verifying the applicability of bioremediation to the environmental conditions of São Paulo State, Brazil, the ex situ remediation of a contaminated area by TPH was carried out by using the Terraferm® process. The area called Mina de Argila was located in the Paulínia Refinery – REPLAN, which belongs to PETROBRÁS S/A (the country's leader in the exploration, production, and distribution of petroleum products). Ten samples of contaminated soil were analyzed in relation to the physical-chemical parameters TPH, PAH, BTEX, metals (Cr, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cd, As, Hg, Fe, Ta), humidity, pH, oxygen and texture. Three samples with average values of TPH were submitted to column tests in order to assess the material biotreatability and define the control parameters of the process on industrial scale. A total of 72,384t of contaminated soil were removed. From this total, 21,050t were classified as class II waste according to NBR 10004 and sent to a landfill, and 51,334t were classified as class I waste and sent to the bioremediation plant of the companies SAPOTEC/ESTRE, in Paulínia – São Paulo State. The contaminated soil was treated with the Terraferm® process whose purpose is to optimize the parameters which directly influence the microbial activity necessary for biodegradation. The treatment was carried out in sheds with waterproof floor and a collection and treatment system for the emissions generated in the biodegradation process. After the treatment in a special machine, which consists in separating non-treatable materials, homogenizing, and adding structural material, the soil was placed into eleven treatment piles. The oxygen content, humidity, and nutrients were kept within a range considered optimum. The chemical characterization and the column test proved the soil biotreatability. In the column test, the degradation rates were between 70.2% and 88.6% in 14 days. These high rates are due to the TPHcomposition, which in this case basically consists in n-alkenes and iso-alkenes of easy biological degradation. The average degradation rate verified in the treatment of the eleven piles was of 80.88%, the lowest being 54.71% and the highest 97.97%. In the statistical analysis, it was verified that the average concentrations of TPH during each treatment period differ significantly (<0.01). The conclusion of this work is that the Terraferm® process was successfully applied to the environmental conditions of São Paulo State. However, the treatment results show a high variability in the degradation rates of the piles, which indicates the need for further research, specially on the influence of temperature on the process.