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Seyfi, Murat, and Deniz Güven. "Naujosios žiniasklaidos įtaka tarpkultūrinei komunikacijai: „Erasmus“ studentų pavyzdys." Informacijos mokslai 75, no. 75 (2016): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2016.75.10150.
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Dėl globalizacijos ir komunikacijos technologijų pasaulis virto mažu kaimu. Šiame naujame pasaulyje skirtingos kultūros ir komunikacijos priemonės susipynė ir ėmė vis labiau viena kitą veikti; komunikacija ir kultūra virto dviem organinėmis viena kitą maitinančiomis struktūromis. Kultūra, kurioje individai socializuojasi, lemia ir jų bendravimo būdus. Tam, kad būtų galima nustatyti kultūrų skirtumus, būtina ištirti, kaip bendrauja jos bendruomenių atstovai. Skirtingi, įvairiose šalyse gyvenantys žmonės taip pat nevienodai priima informacijos srautą. Šiandien bet kurią gautą informaciją akimirksniu galima paskleisti per naująją žiniasklaidą. Tai padidina naujosios žiniasklaidos svarbą tarpkultūrinėje komunikacijoje. Šiame tyrime bus nagrinėjama, kokią įtaką turi socialinė žiniasklaida tarpkultūrinio adaptavimosi procesui, pasitelkiant „Erasmus“ studentų, atvykusių į Turkiją švietimo tikslais, pavyzdį. Šiuo aspektu atlikta išsami analizė naudojant kokybinius ir kiekybinius tyrimo metodus.
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Maksymenko, L. O., and N. Y. Parkhomenko. "In virto and in vivo Phosphorylation of a Coat Protein of Potato Virus X." Mikrobiolohichnyi Zhurnal 83, no. 5 (2021): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/microbiolj83.05.076.
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At the present stage of development of plant virology the study of molecular mechanisms of regulation, translation and replication of viral RNA is of great interest. Potato virus X (PVX) RNA in viral particles is not available for in vitro translation, but acquires the ability to be translated as a result of shell protein phosphorylation. The aim of our study was to investigate the conditions of phosphorylation of the PVX coat protein in in vitro and in vivo systems, as well as the effect of EDTA and CaCl2 on the phosphorylation in vitro. Methods. The PVX coat protein was obtained by the guanidine chloride method. The kinase activity of PVX protein in vitro was determined in a standard reaction mixture containing Mn2+ ions, 0.8 mM EDTA, and 2 micro Ci 32P ATP (3000 Ci/mM). Phosphorylation of the protein in vivo was carried out by immersing Datura stramonium leaves with symptoms of PVX infection in water containing К3PO4 32P. After isolation of PVX from the leaves, the viral coat protein was fractionated by SDS-PAAG electrophoresis. Fractions of the protein were transferred from the gel by contact manner on a nitrocellulose filter. The PVX coat protein was detected by immunoblotting using immunoglobulins to PVX coat protein and rabbit antibodies labeled with peroxidase. The inclusion of labeled phosphorus in the PVX protein was detected by radioautography. Results. The PVX coat protein was phosphorylated in vitro in a standard incubation medium containing (gamma -32P) ATP. In contrast, the PVX coat protein cannot be phosphorylated in the same conditions in the presence of (alpha-32P) ATP. In vivo phosphorylated PVX coat protein was detected by exposing nitrocellulose filter with immunoblot on X-ray film. Additionally, it was found that the presence of 10 mm EDTA and 10 mm CaCl2 inhibited the process of the PVX coat protein phosphorylation in vitro. Conclusions. The coat protein of potato virus X is able to phosphorylate in vitro and in vivo systems. The terminal ATP phosphate plays a major role in the phosphorylation of the PVX coat protein. The presence of EDTA and Ca2+ influences on the process of protein phosphorylation in vitro. These agents are able to inhibit the process of phosphorylation of the PVX coat protein. Thus, the phenomenon of phosphorylation of the PVX coat protein apparently indicates about its participation in the regulation of the virus reproduction in the infected cell.
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Solovyeva, Elena Vladimirovna. "FEATURES OF INTERACTION BETWEEN MOTHERS AND TODDLERS CONCEIVED THROUGH IN VIRTO FERTILIZATION." Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem, no. 2 (May 24, 2015): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2218-7405-2015-2-36.
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Bilal, Asad. "Virto-Cuccolini: Sphericity of metal powders cause blocking of the sieve-mesh." Metal Powder Report 75, no. 3 (2020): 139–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mprp.2019.07.001.
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Verbist, L. "Comparative in-virto activity of Ro 23-6240, a new trifluorinated quinolone." Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 20, no. 3 (1987): 363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/20.3.363.
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Pietrak, Mariola. "Transcorporalidad en la narrativa zombi. El caso de VenganZa de Gemma Herrero Virto." 452ºF. Revista de Teoría de la literatura y Literatura Comparada, no. 24 (January 31, 2021): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1344/452f.2021.24.2.
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El universo zombi seduce, primero, porque es una metáfora (contra) cultural del otro por excelencia, de su exclusión. En segundo lugar, al igual que el cuerpo transgénero, socava las normas trascendentes naturalizadas regidas por las lógicas binarias. El cuerpo Z es un transcuerpo que desafía el marco heteronormativo de nuestras vidas y transgrede los fundamentos básicos de género, raza, clase social, etc. El zombi es una presencia implacable que obliga a pensar un mundo posgénero (Haraway) y el daño hecho al otro más allá de las soluciones fáciles (como la visibilización de las víctimas), de la explicación simbólica de la culpa sin la reparación efectiva. En el presente trabajo, nos centramos en la figura zombi y sus significados metafóricos en la literatura juvenil de amplio alcance desde la perspectiva de género y exclusión, así como de las nuevas, otras formas posibles de la comunidad.
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Venclauskas, Linas. "Kai atbėgėliai virto pabėgėliais. Pilietybės neturinčių žydų emigracija iš Lietuvos 1939–1940 m." Istorija 126, no. 2 (2022): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/istorija.2022.126.4.
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Ažubalis, Juozas. "Religijos socialinio vaidmens klausimu." Problemos 9 (September 29, 2014): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/problemos.1972.09.5858.
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Straipsnyje nagrinėjama religijos padėtis ir vaidmuo visuomenėje įvairiais istoriniais laikotarpiais. Pirmykščiam žmogui religija, kaip tam tikros pažinimo pakopos, sąlygojamos primityvių gamybinių jėgų, objektyvus rezultatas padėjo paaiškinti daugelį gamtos ir visuomenės reiškinių. Padėjusi griauti atgyvenusią vergovinę santvarką, krikščionybė vėliau virto svarbiausia ideologine priemone kitų išnaudotojų – feodalų – viešpatavimui stiprinti ir išlaikyti. Pradėjus formuotis naujai būsimajai kapitalistų klasei, formavosi ir naujos religinės pažiūros, kurios, atspindėdamos naujų visuomenės sluoksnių opoziciją senajai visuomeninei santvarkai, buvo priešingos nusistovėjusioms religinėms dogmoms. Vienas svarbiausių ateistinio darbo tikslų yra išlaisvinti žmones nuo religinių įsitikinimų, kurį greičiau pasiekti padėtų teisingas dialektinis socialinio religijos vaidmens supratimas ir aiškinimas.
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Ciaudo, Joseph. "BERGSONO „INTUICIJA“ KINIJOJE IR JOS KONFUCINĖ PLĖTOTĖ (1915–1923): KELETAS PASTABŲ APIE ZHIJUE MODERNIOJOJE KINIJOS FILOSOFIJOJE." Problemos, Suppl (January 20, 2017): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/problemos.2016.suppl.10353.
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Straipsnyje tiriamas Henri Bergsono filosofinių raštų vertimas ir jo santykis su intuicijos (zhijue 直覺) sąvokos raida šiuolaikinėje Kinijos filosofijoje. Bergsono intuicijos sąvoka buvo greitai susieta su „pažinimo dorybe“ (dexing zhi zhi 德性之知) ir virto viena pagrindinių modernių kiniškų sąvokų, kuriomis svarstomi etiniai ir moraliniai klausimai. Tačiau kinų filosofai ėmė naudoti Bergsono intuiciją kaip moralės filosofijos instrumentą anksčiau, nei pats Bergsonas pradėjo rašyti apie moralės filosofiją. Šiame straipsnyje išaiškinamas intuicijos sumoralinimas kiniškame kontekste bei keliamas klausimas apie zhijue sąvokos susiformavimą. Pagrindiniai šiame straipsnyje analizuojami dokumentai yra kiniški „Metafizikos įvado“ (1903) vertimai ir keletas apie 1921 m. pasirodžiusių straipsnių, susijusių su Bergsonu.
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Mikulskas, Rolandas. "Syntactic and Semantic Distribution of the Ingressive Copulas pasidarė and tapo in Modern Lithuanian: A Corpus-based Analysis." Lietuvių kalba, no. 16 (December 30, 2021): 178–231. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lk.2021.9.
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In an earlier publication (Mikulskas 2018), a contrastive study of the syntactic and semantic properties of the copular verbs virto ‘turned into’ (lit. ‘fell over’) vs. tapo ‘became’, based on an analysis of the data of the Corpus of Modern Lithuanian, was presented. In the present article the author continues his investigation into the domain of aspectual copulas of dynamic origin with a study of pasidarė ‘became’ (lit. ‘made oneself’) vs. tapo. The final goal of this research is to show that all three copular constructions (henceforth — CCs), featuring the copular verbs virto, pasidarė and tapo, are different instantiations of the more abstract ingressive-aspect-expressing construction. The contrast between the CC featuring virto and the CC featuring pasidarė is discussed only sporadically in the present study, as the first has much less in common with the latter than the latter has with the CC featuring tapo: the main difference consists in that the copula virto selects for involuntary subject referents while pasidarė selects for agentive and / or intentional subject referents, as does, in most cases, the copula tapo. The sample for quantitative analysis was compiled from three different registers of the Corpus of Modern Lithuanian — fiction, non-fiction and mass media — each consisting of 100 running lines featuring one (or more) CC with the preterital verb forms pasidarė and tapo. In sum, the sample consists of 300 running lines featuring CCs for each copular verb under discussion.
 In section 2, a quantitative analysis of the syntactic distribution of two copulas — pasidarė and tapo — each within its own sample of 300 running lines, is presented. It shows that pasidarė occurs in CCs of the ascriptive type 4 times more often than in those of the inclusive type. For comparison, tapo occurs in a similar sample 2,8 times less often in CCs of the ascriptive type than pasidarė, but it is used there 3 times more often in CCs of the inclusive type. Within its own sample, tapo occurs in CCs of the inclusive type 2,2 times more often than in those of the ascriptive type. The relatively higher frequency of ascriptive CCs with pasidarė in comparison with inclusive ones in the sample (and in usage generally) can be accounted for by the previously established fact (Mikulskas 2018) that the other ingressive copula — virto, which also designates an incrementally developing change event, can be complemented by predicative adjectives only to a limited extent, so that in these cases it is apparently substituted for by the copula pasidarė, especially in the contexts where the agentivity and / or intentionality of the subject referent is not emphasized.
 In section 3 of the article a thorough study is offered of the semantic distribution of the copulas pasidarė and tapo in their respective samples. The possible designations of CCs with these two verbs are determined by the aspectual properties of the latter, which have established themselves in accordance with their inherited semantics. The preterite pasidarė designates an incremental durative change event and has a profile of the accomplishment type. Thus, with pasidarė, not just the completive-transitional stage of the ingressive-change event is included in the focus of the CC, but also (at least) the progression stage leading up to it. The preterite tapo usually designates an instantaneous change event (which has practically no duration) and has the profile of an achievement predicate. A CC with tapo focuses on the completive-transitional stage of the ingresive-change event. Despite the different aspectual profiles of their verbs, the designational zones of CCs with pasidarė and tapo intersect to a much larger extent than those of CCs with pasidarė and those with virto, both of which are based on predicates of the accomplishment type. The reason for this is that both copulas — pasidarė and tapo — predominantly select for agentive and / or intentional subject referents. But here also lies the main difference in the semantics of these two copulas. While in the case of the copula tapo the agentivity and / or intentionality of the subject referent is mainly implied by the wider context or the relevant cognitive model of the profiled event (as this verb has almost lost its original meaning), in the case of the copula pasidarė an agentive and / or intentional subject referent is always presupposed from the semantics of the verb. This presupposition is a vestige of the original semantics (backward pull; Traugott 2008: 34) inherited by the copular verb from its source construction.
 In previous research (Mikulskas 2020) it has been suggested that CCs with darytis / pasidaryti are anticausative counterparts of the so-called resultative constructions of culminative causation (abbr. RCCC) with (pa)daryti: the former were derived from the latter by means of the reflexive morpheme -si-. In Old Lithuanian texts only sporadic cases of such anticausative derivation are attested. While one may reasonably assign to such anticausative constructions a middle-voice interpretation, they can hardly be classified as fully fledged CCs (of the aspectual type). In terms of meaning, the first attested anticausative constructions with darytis / pasidaryti have not advanced far beyond the properly reflexive stage (the subject acts on itself to produce a change). The subject referents in such constructions were still agentive, intentional individuals. Thus, the constructions could not yet designate situations where the undergoer of the change profiled was an inanimate entity. As the analysis of the Corpus data shows, the situation in Contemporary Lithuanian has radically changed in this respect: in the sample investigated 62 % of the subject referents of the CC featuring the copula pasidarė are inanimate entities or phenomena and 66 % subject referents of these constructions are inert entities (things) or passive individuals (the corresponding numbers for CCs featuring the copula tapo are 55,7 % and 56,7 % respectively). These numbers evidence the distance on the path of grammaticalization which the copula darytis / pasidaryti has covered from its first attestations in the Old Lithuanian texts.
 Importantly, the copula pasidarė presupposes a kind of intentionality of its subject referents or, at least, their responsibility for the result of the change they have undergone, even if they are inanimate, inert objects or phenomena. In this case, the subject referents of the copula pasidarė are conceptualized by the speaker (/ hearer) as if they were intentional and / or responsible entities mainly through the cognitive mechanism of subjectification (Langacker 2002, 315−342; Langacker 2006). And this fact can be singled out as the main semantic difference setting the copula pasidarė apart from tapo. On the pragmatic level this semantic difference boils into two distinct communicative perspectives — inner vs. outer respectively, as it is formulated in the article. The pragmatic effect of inner communicative perspective, in the case of the CC featuring pasidarė, arises when the speaker (/ hearer) identifies herself with the presupposed intentional and / or responsible subject referent incrementally undergoing a change. The pragmatic effect of outer communicative perspective, in the case of the CC featuring tapo, arises when the speaker (/ hearer), from a neutral vantage point, just states the result of the ingressive change which the subject referent has undergone.
 In section 4, the interchangeability of the two copulas under discussion (pasidarė > tapo and tapo > pasidarė) is investigated. In evaluating whether the copulas pasidarė and tapo are interchangeable in a given CC, the criterion of semantic equivalence was used. Mostly these copulas are interchangeable in contexts where the communicative perspective is not sharply pronounced. Possible pasidarė > tapo cases are more easily found in those CCs that have inanimate, inert objects or phenomena as their subject referents, and possible tapo > pasidarė cases are more easily found in those CCs that have animate intentional individuals as their subject referents. The quantitative analysis of the sample shows that in about 14,3 % of the CCs contained in it the preterite verbal forms pasidarė and tapo can be used interchangeably. This fact allows the author to treat the constructions featuring these copulas as two different instantiations of a single CC expressing the ingressive aspect of the profiled change event. Taking into consideration the third preterital verb form with the same aspectual function — the copula virto, which can be used interchangeably with the copula tapo in about 13 % of the CCs previously (Mikulskas 2018) analysed in a comparable Corpus sample, the author suggests that CCs with the verb forms virto, pasidarė and tapo are three different instantiations of the more abstract ingressive-aspect-expressing construction.
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Wang, Yongsheng, Yu Ma, Dan Li, and Fuchun Guo. "Effect of metformin on the effects of TKI on human lung carcinoma cells harboring KRAS or EGFR-T790M mutation." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (2012): e18051-e18051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e18051.
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e18051 Background: K-ras and egfr-T790M mutation show primary and acquired resistance to EGFR-TKI in non-small cell lung cancer, respectively. The antidiabetic drug metformin has been associated with a decreased incidence and a better prognosis of lung cancer. The affects of metformin on the EGFR-TKI resistance in non-small cell lung cancer remain unknown. Methods: The effects of metformin on EGFR-TKI were investigated in k-ras mutant A549 cells, and egfr-T790M mutant H1975 cells both in virto and in vivo. The proliferation and apoptosis were tested. The underlying mechanisms were also analyzed. Results: Our data showed metformin significantly enhanced the inhibition activity of gefitinib both in A549 and H1975 cells in vitro. At the molecular level, metformin inhibited multiple signaling including LKB1-AMPK-S6K, PI3K-AKT and Raf-MEK-MAPK in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the increased tumor inhibitions were observed in nude mice models of A549 (P<0.05)and H1975 (P<0.01). Conclusions: Metformin can increase the effects of EGFR-TKI in lung adenocarcinoma harboring K-ras and egfr-T790M mutation. Our study may provide a new strategy to overcome the EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC.
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De La Torre-Sanchez, J., D. Gardner, K. Preis, and G. Seidel Jr. "135 REGULATION OF GLUCOSE METABOLISM TO DECREASE LIPID CONTENT OF IN VIRTO-PRODUCED BOVINE EMBRYOS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 17, no. 2 (2005): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv17n2ab135.
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Our objective was to improve normality of embryos produced in vitro with regulators of carbohydrate metabolism at doses optimized in earlier experiments. Eight- to 16-cell embryos were produced in vitro in the G1/G2 system (chemically defined sequential medium with recombinant human serum albumin), and then cultured 3 days in G2 containing metabolic regulators as follows: phenazine ethosulfate (PES), 0.3 μM; NaN3, 27 μM; 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), 30 μM; and control. The following responses were analyzed by ANOVA in 2 to 4 replicates of 8–12 embryos each: glucose uptake and metabolism (uptake measured by microfluorometry of medium after incubating an embryo 3 h; metabolism measured as 3H2O released after incubating an embryo 3 h in medium containing 5-3H glucose), % of glucose metabolized via the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP rate), lactate production, glycolysis (% of lactate produced from glucose taken up on a molar basis), lipid accumulation (number of >2 μM Sudan Black B positive granules/103 μm2), % live Day 14 embryos recovered from embryos transferred to recipients at Day 7, and average surface area of embryos collected. In vivo-derived embryos were included as a second control for lipid evaluation. PES-treated embryos had higher glucose metabolism (P < 0.05) and lower glucose uptake (P < 0.01) than embryos in NaN3 and tended to have a higher PPP rate (P < 0.11) than controls; however, glycolysis was higher for PES than other treatments (P < 0.01) (Table 1). Lipid accumulation of embryos from PES was markedly lower than any other in vitro treatments (P < 0.01), but higher than in vivo embryos (3.31 ± 2.78 lipid granules) (P < 0.01). NaN3- and DNP-treated embryos both accumulated lipid similar to in vitro controls. No treatment differences were found in developmental competence when Day 7 embryos were transferred to recipients and recovered 1 week later (43 to 54% live embryos recovered), nor were there any significant differences (P > 0.1) in surface area. Embryos exposed to PES at the compaction and post-compaction stages accumulated much less lipid than controls or embryos exposed to other metabolic regulators, making this a very promising treatment. PES oxidizes NADPH; the molecular mechanism of PES appears to involve increased flux of glucose through the PPP while decreasing availability of NADPH for fatty acid synthesis. Table 1. Response of embryos to metabolic regulators
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Gimžauskas, Dr Edmundas. "XX a. 3–4 dešimtmečio „Karo archyve“ publikuotos medžiagos apie kaizerinę okupaciją reikšmė lietuvių visuomenės socialinės problematikos 1915–1918 m. istoriniam pažinimui." Karo archyvas 40, no. 1 (2025): 225–64. https://doi.org/10.47459/ka.2025.40.7.
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Straipsnyje atskleidžiama 1925–1940 m. leisto karo istorijos žurnalo „Karo archyvas“ reikšmė susipažįstant su 1915–1918 m. vokiečių okupacijos laikotarpio Lietuvos visuomenės socialinėmis problemomis. 1918 m. nepriklausomybę atgavusios Lietuvos politinė ir karinė vadovybė daug dėmesio skyrė karo mokslų puoselėjimui ir plėtojimui. Karo istorija laikyta integralia šių mokslų dalimi, šios srities straipsniai buvo spausdinami nuo 1921 m. leidžiamame karo mokslų žurnale „Mūsų žinynas“ ir 1925 m. tikslingai įsteigtame karo istorijos žurnale „Karo archyvas“. Bendrajam Lietuvos istorijos mokslui tuo metu susiduriant su įvairiomis organizacinėmis ir leidybos problemomis „Karo archyvo“ leidėjai nusprendė publikuoti ir labiau nuo karo istorijos nutolusius tekstus. Taip leidinyje savo vietą rado ir straipsniai apie lietuvių civilinės visuomenės būklę vokiečių okupacijos laikotarpiu. Ilgainiui jų publikavimas „Karo archyve“ tapo įprastas ir virto tam tikra tradicija.
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EL-FIKY, ABIR, REHAM MOHSEN, ALY MOHAMED, and ESRAA WAHBA. "EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF DOXORUBICIN DRUG AS ANTICANCER AGENT USING A NATURAL COMPONENT: AN IN VIRTO STUDY." Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 48, no. 3 (2018): 699–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jesp.2018.76590.
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Nekrašas, Evaldas. "Analizės samprata loginio empirizmo filosofijoje." Problemos 25 (September 29, 2014): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/problemos.1980.25.6279.
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Straipsnyje nagrinėjama loginės analizės metodo samprata loginio empirizmo filosofijoje. Šiam metodui paplisti filosofijoje didelę reikšmę turėjo XIX–XX a. sandūroje prasidėjusi mokslo revoliucija.Empirizmo raidoje pastebimos dvi pagrindinės filosofijos metodo koncepcijos. Tai filosofijos, kaip patyrimo analizės, koncepcija ir filosofijos, kaip specialiųjų mokslinių tyrinėjimų rezultatų sintezės, koncepcija. Loginė analizė apibrėžiama kaip loginių priemonių panaudojimas siekiant nustatyti samprotavimų priimtinumą, teiginių prasmingumą ir patikslinti sąvokų prasmę. Loginė analizė reiškia sąvokų, teiginių ir samprotavimų racionalią, loginę rekonstrukciją. Savo raidoje loginis empirizmas asimiliavo daug tradicinių gnoseologinių bei metodologinių problemų ir, pamažu prarasdamas kalbos logikos pobūdį, virto mokslo filosofija. Nuo XX a. 4 dešimtmečio pabaigos loginė analizė ėmė reikšti sąvokų, teiginių ir samprotavimų loginių modelių kūrimą, eksplikaciją panaudojant palyginti laisvai pasirenkamas logines priemones. Ji prarado ne tik negatyvią (mokslo purifikacijos), bet ir pozityvią (mokslo integracijos ir unifikacijos) funkciją.
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Dawelbait, Elnazeir Mohammed M., and Suaad Babikir Abana. "Improvement of Hay and Crops Straw Using Chemical Additives and Testing of Cassia Fistula Tree Pods as Animal Feed." Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3, no. 9 (2013): 687–92. https://doi.org/10.15580/GJAS.2013.9.071513730.
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The study was undertaken at<em> </em>range-livestock research laboratory, El-Obeid Agricultural Research Station in the year (2012), with the objective of improving the digestibility of hay and crops straw and identifying the possibility of introducing <em>Cassia fistula</em> pods in animal feed as alternative source of protein and carbohydrates. Samples were treated using 5% urea solutions,2% Sodium hydroxide(SH) and mixture (6% urea and 2% SH) (500ml, H<sub>2</sub>O), Samples (Cowpea and Groundnut haulms , Sorghum and millet straws, early hay, lately hay and Roselle straw) were fermented for three periods (15, 30 and 45 days). Proximate analysis and <em>In vitro</em> digestibility were done. The experiment was arranged as factorial in an RCBD. The results showed that groundnut haulms ,sorghum straw and millet straw had the highest crude fiber content (53%, 47.5%and 42%, respectively) while cowpea <em>and</em> groundnut haulms recorded the highest crude protein content (16.5 and 14.5% respectively). Urea and sodium hydroxide treatments resulted in significantly increased IVDMD of cowpea hay, and groundnut haulms compared with Roselle and untreated residues, with combined urea +sodium hydroxide treatments recorded the highest IVDMDs. Fermentation for a period of 30 days had resulted in higher IVDMDs compare with period s of 15 and 45 days. Respective IVDMDs for cowpea hay for 0 (control), 15, 30 and 45 days were 65, 70, 88 and 87%, that for groundnut haulms were 65, 70, 85 and 80, and that for Roselle were 34, 45, 69 and 69%). <em>Cassia fistula</em> mature pods recorded 19 and 19.5% crude protein and fiber, while green pods were 17 and 17%. The IVDMD were 68, 62.6 and 61.48 % for green pods, leaves and mature pods respectively. The study concluded that urea, sodium hydroxide mixture and sodium hydroxide improve hay and crops residues; nutritive value in the terms of IVDMD and CP. <em>Cassia fistula</em> pods had also higher CP and IVDMD. Therefore we highly recommend the use of urea and sodium hydroxide mixture to improve hay and crops residues by fermentation for 30 days.
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Lee, Kyung-Tai, and Hyun-Cheol Kim. "The Effect of Sliding Calcaneal Osteotomy on Strain in the Medial Longitudinal Arch : An in Virto Study." Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association 31, no. 4 (1996): 914. http://dx.doi.org/10.4055/jkoa.1996.31.4.914.
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Nigmetova, K. T., Sh K. Karibaeva, A. T. Abshekenova, et al. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PROGRAMS WITH THE USE OF NATIVE AND CRYOPRESERVED OOCYTES IN IN -VIRTO FERTILIZATION PROCEDURES." Reproductive Medicine, no. 1(42) (March 20, 2020): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37800/rm2020-1-6.
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This article release data about comparative survival of oocytes after freezing, fertilization, blastocyst formation and clinical results of IVF/ICSI programs in International Clinical Centre of Reproductology Persona during period from 2016 to 2019.
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Nagler, Arnon, Vardar R. Deutsch, Gabor Varadi, Marjorie Pick, Amiram Eldor, and Shimon Slavin. "Recombinant Human Interleukin-6 Accelerates In-Virto Megakaryocytopoiesis and Platelet Recovery Post Autologous Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantion." Leukemia & Lymphoma 19, no. 3-4 (1995): 343–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10428199509107908.
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Corradetti, R., A. M. Pugliese, and G. Pepeu. "Long-term potentiation does not require activation of protein kinase C in the rat hippocampal slices in virto." Pharmacological Research Communications 20 (September 1988): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-6989(88)80243-1.
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Kryczyk-Poprawa, Agata, Adrián Sánchez-Hidalgo, Wojciech Baran, et al. "The Toxicological Impact of the Ultraviolet Filter Oxybenzone on Antioxidant Profiles in In Virto Cultures of Lentinula edodes." Toxics 13, no. 3 (2025): 145. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13030145.
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A detailed understanding of the toxic effects of organic UV filters, such as oxybenzone, on living organisms is crucial for assessing the feasibility of bioremediation methods. Due to the widespread use of oxybenzone as an ultraviolet filter in sunscreens, it has become an emerging contaminant of concern in the environment. This concern extends to fungi, which have the potential to neutralize a wide variety of xenobiotics released into the environment. The primary objective of the study was to elucidate the alterations of antioxidant profiles of the white-rot fungus Lentinula edodes in response to oxybenzone exposure. Samples with oxybenzone at a final concentration of 0.1 mg mL−1 were cultured in vitro with the mycelium of L. edodes for 14 days. The contents of the following antioxidant compounds were assessed: indole derivatives (6-methyl-D,L-tryptophan, tryptophan), ergothioneine, and phenolic acid (p-hydroxybenzoic acid), as well as lovastatin and ergosterol. The addition of oxybenzone negatively affected biomass growth, reducing it from 3.205 ± 0.4022 g to 0.5803 ± 0.1019 g. A considerable reduction in oxybenzone amounts was found in the medium after incubation (from 25 mg to 0.2993 ± 0.1934 mg). After lyophilization, the mycelium contained 1.1591 ± 0.0323 mg of oxybenzone. Additionally, eleven biotransformation products were assessed in the mycelium and medium samples using UPLC-Q ToF. After incubation, the transformation products were identified based on monoisotopic molecular mass and fragmentation spectra. The observed increase in the content of some antioxidants, e.g., ergothioneine, while reducing the content of others, such as lovastatin, suggests that the impact of xenobiotics on the antioxidant profile of in vitro cultures of L. edodes is complex. Marked alterations in biomass growth suggest a potential toxicological risk associated with oxybenzone. This study contributes to the understanding of the environmental impact of UV filters and emphasizes the need for safer alternatives.
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Dr., Afroza Fayyaz Dr. Maria Riaz Dr. Ahsan Iqbal. "STUDY TO KNOW THE IN VIRTO-SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF HELIOSIT ORTHODONTIC AND TRANSBOND XT WITH THEIR COMPARISON." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES o6, no. 03 (2019): 5203–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2591787.
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<strong><em>Objective:</em></strong><em> The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of Heliosit Orthodontic and then compare it with the control group of Transbond XT.</em> <strong><em>Study Design: </em></strong><em>A Retrospective Comparative Study.</em> <strong><em>Place and Duration: </em></strong><em>In the Orthodontics department of Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan for one year duration from December 2017 to November 2018.</em> <strong><em>Methods:</em></strong><em> The study comprises of Groups A and B of 80 human premolar teeth each bonded with mesh based metal brackets. The bonding agent used in group A was Transbond XT and that of group B was Heliosit Orthodontic. Every effort was made to control the cofounding variables including force of application of bracket, light tip distance, orientation of bracket in the acrylic block and storage of teeth before and after bonding this was followed by debonding of the brackets by shearing in a testing machine made universally.</em> <strong><em>Results:</em></strong><em> It was found that the Transbond XT mean shear bond strength was 25.5 MPa and that of Heliosit orthodontic was 10.54 MPa. The t-test revealed that there was a static variation between the shear bond strength of the two groups.</em> <strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong><em> In conclusion, both composites bond strengths were tested which observed to be greater than the recommended values of Reynolds for the composites to be clinically useful. It is recommended that the bond strength and the viscosity of the Heliosit Orthodontic be increased for it to be clinically as effective as Transbond XT.</em> <strong>Key words:</strong> <em>Heliosit Orthodontic, Transbond XT, Shear bond strength.</em>
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Maksimaitis, Mindaugas. "Vilniaus universiteto Teisės fakulteto akademinė bendruomenė didžiųjų sukrėtimų metais (1940–1945)." Teisė 77 (January 1, 2010): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/teise.2010.0.204.
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Straipsnyje apibūdinama iš Kauno Vytauto Didžiojo universiteto į Vilniaus universitetą 1940 metų pradžioje perkelto Teisių fakulteto profesūra ir studentija ir, panaudojus kai kuriuos naujai išaiškėjusius šaltinius, aptariami esminiai šios akademinės bendruomenės pokyčiai, įvykę per keletą pirmųjų metų ryšium su sovietine Lietuvos okupacija, su hitlerine ir su antrąja sovietine okupacijomis, kurių eigoje faktiškai neliko senosios profesūros, o vienas gausiausių ir jaunimo tarpe populiariausių fakultetų virto rekordiškai mažu akademiniu vienetu. The article pictures the professorate and students of Kaunas Vytautas Didysis University that have been transferred to Vilnius University in 1940. Based on certain newly discovered sources, the article describes essential changes to the academic community that have happened in relation to the Soviet occupation of Lithuania during the summer of 1940, Hitler‘s occupation during the summer of 1941 and the second soviet occupation in 1944. During these periods, old professorate has virtually disappeared, whereas one of the largest and most popular faculties among the young has become an especially small academic unit.
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Carretero Calvo, Rebeca. "De barios colores con mucha hermosura. Escultura y pintura en el retablo mayor de la iglesia de San Francisco de Tarazona (1649-1653)." Artigrama, no. 25 (December 9, 2022): 433–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_artigrama/artigrama.2010257568.
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En el presente artículo se estudia el retablo mayor de la iglesia del convento de San Francisco de Asís de Tarazona (Zaragoza), se atribuye a los escultores bilbilitanos Pedro Virto y Bernardino Vililla y se data entre 1649 y 1650. Asimismo, se identifica el modelo que estosartífices emplearon para llevarlo a cabo en el mueble titular del templo conventual de San Francisco de Calatayud, desde 1943 en la parroquia de San Juan Bautista de Arganda del Rey (Madrid), que sigue a su vez la estructura del de la iglesia de la Asunción de la Virgen de Aranda de Moncayo (Zaragoza), que atribuimos en ambos casos al ensamblador Jaime Viñola. Finalmente, se analiza y publica in extenso el contrato del dorado y policromado del retablo turiasonense firmado por el reputado pintor Martín González de San Pedro en diciembre de 1651, para cuya ejecución estuvo auxiliado por dos de sus colaboradores, Francisco de Garay y Juan de Foronda.
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Darwesh, Hadeer Yahia, and Aisha Abdullah Alayafi. "In virto Propagation Response of Rosmarinus officinalis L. to Biotic and Abiotic Elicitors on Phenolic Content and Photosynthetic Pigments." Journal of Agricultural Science 10, no. 2 (2018): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n2p301.
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Micropropagation protocol was modified to evaluate the best procedure to induce multiple shoots from Rosmarinus officinalis L. sterilized seedlings obtained from seeds which vitality is always very low. Aseptic shoots (1-1.5 cm) were cultured on full strength Murashige and Skoog medium modified with several growth regulators (abiotic elicitors): Benzyladenine (BA), Kinetin (Kin) and coconut water (biotic elicitors). Data was indicated that BA at the concentration of 3 mg/L encouraged shoot multiplication. The highest number of leaves and plant length also was obtained with medium modified with 3 mg/L BA and coconut milk at 5 ml/L. All treatments were significantly different from the control. Total phenolics content, anthocyanins, chlorophylls were extracted and spectrophotometrically determined as secondary products. Data was concluded the highest content of phenolic 10.45 (mg/g) and chlorophyll b 0.67 (mg/g) when BA was 3.0 mg/L. Whereas chlorophyll a reached to 0.64 mg/g in presence of 5.0 mg/L BA and 5.0 ml/L coconut milk. Anthocyanin scored high level when BA was 3.0 mg/L combined with 5.0 ml/L coconut milk.
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Laspalas Pérez, Javier. "Aventuras y desventuras pedagógicas de un ilustrado local: El licenciado Tomás Virto de Vera y la reforma de las escuelas de Corella (1797-1803)." Revista de Historia Moderna. Anales de la Universidad de Alicante, no. 38 (October 16, 2020): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/rhm2020.38.04.
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Sabemos que los ilustrados españoles querían mejorar la instrucción de todos los ciudadanos, pero no es fácil determinar si lograron reformar las escuelas primarias, porque las fuentes locales son escasas y proporcionan pocos datos. Sin embargo, diversos procesos judiciales permiten determinar con precisión qué sucedió a finales del siglo XVIII en Corella, una pequeña ciudad del Reino de Navarra. Fue entonces cuando Tomás Virto de Vera, un miembro de la oligarquía local, pretendió implantar la escolaridad obligatoria. Todo indica que en gran medida fracasó en su empeño y él mismo explicó el motivo: las familias campesinas no consideraban útil que sus hijos aprendieran a leer y escribir. Al mismo tiempo se modernizaron tanto los métodos de enseñanza como el aula escolar, siguiendo directrices típicamente ilustradas. En este terreno, la mejora fue tan evidente que el propio impulsor de los cambios consideró a posteriori que esas medidas eran mucho más apropiadas y efectivas. Al analizar los hechos se comprueba qué fuerzas frenaron la alfabetización en el mundo rural durante siglos.
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Kriaučiūnaitė, Kotryna. "SOCIALIAI ORIENTUOTAS VIETNAMO BUDIZMAS POKOLONIJINĖJE PERSPEKTYVOJE." Politologija 88, no. 4 (2017): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/polit.2017.4.11164.
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Socialiai orientuotas Vietnamo budizmas – tai religinis fenomenas, kuris gali būti analizuojamas politiniu požiūriu kaip aktyvi opozicinė reakcija į kolonializmo apraiškas ir iššūkius. Šio straipsnio tikslas yra atskleisti socialiai orientuoto budizmo kilmę ir metodus, kuriais jis sutelkė Pietų Vietnamo visuomenę kontroversiškai vertinamo Ngo Dinh Diemo prezidentavimo metais. Chaotiškos pokolonijinės būsenos kontekste atsispindėjęs siekis išlikti kaip religijai ir susigrąžinti savo autoritetą žymėjo budizmo gebėjimą sutelkti netgi fragmentuotas kvazipilietinės visuomenės grupes, nepatenkintas esama situacija. Straipsnyje, daugiausia remiantis pokolonijinio diskurso teoretikų teiginiais, plėtojama mintis, kad Pietų Vietnamo modernizacijos istorija yra glaudžiai susijusi su socialiai orientuoto budizmo raiška, lėmusia vieningą ir efektyvų budistinių bendruomenių ir pasauliečių pasipriešinimą. Pokolonijinio diskurso teoretikų prieiga pasirenkama kaip pliuralistinė intelektinė srovė, gebanti paaiškinti įvairius šiuolaikinius antagonistinius diskursus, tad pirmoje straipsnio dalyje pristatomas socializuotas budizmas ir jo raiška pokolonijinėje perspektyvoje. Antroje straipsnio dalyje nagrinėjami propagandiniai, instituciniai ir edukaciniai metodai, kuriais budistinės bendruomenės ir pasauliečiai priešinosi kolonijinio tipo Diemo režimui. Straipsnis atsklei džia, kad pasipriešinimas Diemo režimui palaipsniui virto kova su kolonijine priespauda, kurią savotiškai skleidė Jungtinės Amerikos Valstijos, remdamos provakarietišką Pietų Vietnamo lyderį.
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Hasan, Muhammad Atique, Hafizur Rahman, Md Masuqul Haque та Md Nazrul Islam. "Oxovanadium (IV) Complexes of α-Amino Acid Schiff Bases and Polypyridyl Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity". Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences 14, № 2 (2024): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2024/v14i2290.
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Oxovanadium(IV) complexes of the type [VO(L)(bpy)] (V-1 to V-5) have been synthesized and characterized by FTIR and UV-Vis spectra, molar conductance, melting points, and magnetic susceptibilities measurements, where L= N-salicylidene-β-alanine (sal-ala), N-salicylidene-glycine (sal-gly), N-salicylidene-DL-β-phenylalanine (sal-pheala), N-salicylidene-leucine (sal-leu), and N-salicylidene-DL-methionine (sal-met), and bpy is 2,2´-bipyridine. The infrared spectral data reveals that the tridentate nature of the amino acid-based Schiff base ligand and the coordination of the ligand through azomethine nitrogen, phenolic oxygen and carboxylate oxygen with vanadyl (VO2+) ion. All of these complexes were determined to be non-electrolyte in nature, according to conductivity measurements. The magnetic moment measurements have been attributed that these complexes are paramagnetic and have d1 configuration of vanadium (IV) ion. In Virto antimicrobial activity of the synthesized complexes was evaluated against two gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and two gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris) bacterial strains.
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Puplauskaitė, Gabrielė, and Kristina Jakaitė-Bulbukienė. "„Norvegijoj pagrindinė kalba buvo norvegų, o lietuvių – tik namuose, Lietuvoj lietuvių kalba staiga virto pagrindine, o norvegų iš viso dingo“." OIKOS: lietuvių migracijos ir diasporos studijos 33 (2022): 7–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7220/2351-6561.33.1.
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Chen, Yang, Zhi Wei, Zebu Song, et al. "Theaflavin inhibits African swine fever virus replication by disrupting lipid metabolism through activation of the AMPK signaling pathway in virto." Virus Research 334 (September 2023): 199159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199159.
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Khaled Bagunaid, Ameena, Saied M Abdelazziz, Somaia Abdulatif, and Fatma Abo Naeem. "Efficacy of Endodontic Irrigation Activation Systems on Enterococcus Faecalis Colonizing the Dentinal Tubules Using Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope: An In-Virto Study." Acta Scientific Dental Scienecs 5, no. 4 (2021): 04–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31080/asds.2021.05.1057.
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Дмухальська, Є. Б., М. М. Корда та Т. Я. Ярошенко. "КОРИГУВАЛЬНИЙ ВПЛИВ ПЕПТИДІВ НА СТАН АНТИОКСИДАНТНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ОРГАНІЗМУ ЩУРІВ, УРАЖЕНИХ СОЛЯМИ ВАЖКИХ МЕТАЛІВ І ГЛІФОСАТОМ". Medical and Clinical Chemistry, № 2 (19 липня 2024): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.11603/mcch.2410-681x.2024.i2.14769.
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Вступ. Відомо, що вплив різних забруднювачів навколишнього середовища, таких, як важкі метали і фосфорорганічні сполуки, викликає різні зміни в організмі людини, які супроводжуються порушенням балансу між процесами окиснення і відновлення, утворенням активних форм Оксигену, що пояснює розвиток оксидативного стресу. Важкі метали і фосфорорганічні сполуки, які використовують у сільському господарстві, спричиняють захворювання печінки й інших органів, що сприяє утворенню активних форм Оксигену, які можуть індукувати пероксидне окиснення ліпідів та пригнічувати антиоксидантну систему. В основі дії важких металів лежить блокування функціонально активних груп структурних протеїнів, протеїнів-ензимів, найбільше значення має блокування сульфгідрильних (тіольних, SH) груп. При дії важких металів більшість протеїнів втрачає свої фізико-хімічні та біологічні властивості, що призводить до порушення протеїнового й іншого обміну речовин. На сьогодні комбінована дія важких металів і фосфорорганічних пестицидів на антиоксидантну систему залишається недостатньо вивченою. Мета дослідження – вивчити антиоксидантну активність пептидів in virto й in vivo у щурів різного віку, уражених Плюмбуму ацетатом, Купруму сульфатом і гліфосатом (у формі гербіциду раундапу). Методи дослідження. Антиоксидантну активність пептидів визначали in vitro й in vivo. У дослідженнях in vitro використовували методи оцінки антиоксидантної активності: при неферментативній ініціації вільнорадикального окиснення солями заліза (ІІ); гальмування аутоокиснення адреналіну в адренохром; за інгібуванням окисної модифікації протеїну, викликаної реактивом Фентона. Дослідження in vivo проводили на лабораторних нелінійних білих щурах-самцях трьох вікових груп (статевонезрілих, статевозрілих і старих), яким внутрішньошлунково протягом 30 днів вводили водні розчини Плюмбуму ацетату, Купруму сульфату і гліфосату. З метою корекції на 21-й день через 6 год після введення токсикантів упродовж 10 днів вводили пептиди. У сироватці крові й гомогенаті печінки уражених та коригованих тварин визначали глутатіонпероксидазну, глутатіонредуктазну, каталазну, супероксиддисмутазну активність і вміст SH-груп спектрофотометричним методом. Результати й обговорення. Важкі метали і фосфорорганічні сполуки викликали утворення активних форм Оксигену, таких, як іони супероксиду, Гідроген пероксид та гідроксильні радикали. При комбінованій дії Плюмбуму ацетату, Купруму сульфату і гліфосату з віком активувалися процеси вільнорадикального окиснення ліпідів та генерація активних форм Оксигену в щурів, про що свідчило зниження глутатіонпероксидазної, глутатіонредуктазної, каталазної, супероксиддисмутазної активності, рівня SH-груп у сироватці крові й гомогенаті печінки уражених тварин. Введення пептидів як чинників корекції сприяло підвищенню активності ензимів антиоксидантної системи, що вказує на антиоксидантні властивості пептидів. Висновки. Досліджувані пептиди проявляють антиоксидантну активність in vitro. Ураження щурів Плюмбуму ацетатом, Купруму сульфатом і гліфосатом у дозі 1/20 LD50 призводить до пригнічення антиоксидантної системи, про що свідчить зниження активності ензимів та вмісту глутатіону в сироватці крові й гомогенаті печінки. Введення ураженим тваринам пептидів як коригувальних чинників підвищує в сторону норми глутатіонпероксидазну, глутатіонредуктазну, каталазну, супероксиддисмутазну активність.
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Mackay, J. M., V. Fox, K. Griffiths, et al. "Trichloroacetic acid: investigation into the mechanism of chromosomal damage in the in virto human lymphocyte cytogenetic assay and the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test." Carcinogenesis 16, no. 5 (1995): 1127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/16.5.1127.
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Hadiroseyani, Y., Hafifuddin, M. Alifuddin, and H. Supriyadi. "Potential of Chromolaena odorata Leaf as A Cure of Aeromonas hydrophila on Giant Gouramy (Osphronemus gouramy)." Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia 4, no. 2 (2007): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.19027/jai.4.139-144.
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<p>This study was conducted to examine the potency of <em>Chromolaena odorata</em> leaf extract as a medicine for skin eruption disease caused by Aeromonas hydrophila in giant gouramy <em>Osphronemus gouramy</em>. Leaf extract of Chromolaena odorata for in vitro test was 0 (as control), 13000, 15000, 17000, 19000 and 21000 ppm, poured onto TSA medium containing bacteria 103 cfu/ml, and then is incubated for 24 hours. In vivo test was performed by injecting bacteria 0.1 ml of 10<sup>9</sup> cfu/ml intramuscularly into giant gouramy (14 g weight), and then fish were maintained in the water containing 15000 ppm of Chromolaena odorata leaf extract. In vitro study showed that prevention area of leaf extract against Aeromonas hydrophila was increase by increasing the concentration of leaf extract used, reached 9,33 mm. Prevention zone of leaf extract by difusion tends to constant, reached 7,6 mm. By in vivo test, survival rate of giant gouramy infected by <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> was no significantly different between dosages of leaf extract. All treated fish, excluded control died after 24 hours infection.</p> <p>Keywords: <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>, <em>Osphronemus gouramy</em>, <em>Chromolaena odorata</em></p> <p> </p> <p>ABSTRAK</p> <p>Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensi daun kirinyuh <em>Chromolaena odorata</em> sebagai obat untuk penyakit cacar yang diakibatkan oleh <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> pada ikan gurame <em>Osphronemus gouramy</em>. Konsentrasi ekstrak daun <em>Chromolaena odorata</em> untuk uji <em>in vitro</em> adalah 13000, 15000, 17000, 19000 dan 21000 serta 0 ppm sebagai kontrol, yang diletakkan di atas media TSA yang telah mengandung biakan bakteri 103 cfu/ml dan diinkubasi selama 24 jam. Uji <em>in vivo</em> dilakukan dengan menginjeksikan bakteri sebanyak 0,1 ml (10<sup>9</sup> cfu/ml) secara intramuskular ke ikan gurame (berat 14 g) dan kemudian ikan dipelihara dalam air yang mengandung ekstrak daun kirinyuh 15000 ppm. Hasil uji <em>in virto</em> menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak daun kirinyuh basah semakin efektif dalam menghambat perkembangan <em>A. hydrophila</em> dengan zona hambat tertinggi mencapai 9,33 mm. Zona hambat yang dihasilkan melalui metode difusi cenderung konstan, mencapai 7,6 mm. Melalui uji <em>in vivo</em>, tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan gurame yang tidak berbeda nyata pada masing-masing perlakuan, bahkan terjadi kematian total dalam 24 jam pada semua perlakuan, kecuali kontrol.</p> <p>Kata kunci: <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>, <em>Osphronemus gouramy</em>, <em>Chromolaena odorata</em></p>
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Abed, Saif Mazeel, Wafaa Ayad Al-Nuaimy, and Sheereehan A. M. Albyati. "In Vivo and In Vitro Investigation of the Antibacterial, Cytotoxic, and Immunological Effects of Aqueous Extract from Ziziphus spina-christi Leaves." Technium BioChemMed 10 (October 31, 2024): 40–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/biochemmed.v10i.11882.
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Background: The adoption of Ziziphus species medicines for the treatment of inflammatory illnesses is extensive and increasing, nevertheless, the impact of the Ziziphus genus on inflammatory illnesses has not been well studied. Aim of study:- study the Antibacterial, Cytotoxicity of Ziziphus spina-christi leaves extract of in vitro and Immunological effect in vivo , Methods and material : Enterobacter cloacae was obtained from patients from patient with Orthodontics , The Ziziphus spina-christi leaves were obtained from Iraqi market then dried for extraction and 100, 150, 200 mg/ml concentrations were prepared, the experimental design included two parts , in vitro and in vivo, In virto study which estimation the antibacterial activity by agar diffusion methods and Cytotoxicity using WRL-68 cell line with neutral red uptake method, in vivo study was included four groups Group I (Control): daily intraperitoneal injections of normal saline, Group II: injected Intraperitoneal with 100 µl of 1.5 x 108 CFU / ml of E. cloacae, Group III administrated orally with 200 mg/ml of extract , Group IV injected Intraperitoneal with 100 µl of 1.5x108 CFU/ ml of E.cloacae then for 14 day administrated orally with 200 mg/ml with extract then notice the clinical signs of each group evaluation the innate immunity (neutrophil activity) by Nitro-blue tetrazollum (NBT) method , Toll Like receptors-2(TLR-2) and Adaptive immunity (Arthus reaction Delayed hypersensitivity,IL-4,IL-17,IL-10). The results: The results showed that the extract revealed a good antibacterial activity against the studied isolates (E. cloacae ) which that highest activity recorded in 200 mg/ml concentration , The cytotoxicity findings reported the IC50 value of Ziziphus Rugosa extract, which indicates the concentration at which 50% proliferation inhibition of WRL-68 cells occurs, was found to be 280 mg/ml. At the greatest concentration of the extract (200 mg/ml), the cell viability was measured to be 80.08%. On the other hand, the lowest dosage tested (6.25 mg/ml) had no effect on the cells. Furthermore, the mice group that received E.cloacae presented clinical symptoms of illness with clear weight loss and diarrhea, reduction in movement activity through the cage space for 7 days while the mice groups that followed by extract administration presented clinical symptoms of illness for 3 days. On the other side the innate immunity findings that represented with the neutrophilsindex were showed the group that had a combination injection by E.cloacae and extract recorded high values(47.15 %) with valuable difference at (p ≤ 0.05 ) comparison with other studied groups and findings of TLR-2 reported the mice that received only E.cloacae showed highest value (98.12±0.087) with a valuable difference at (p≤ 0.05). In additional the adaptive immunity that represented with the Arthus test and DHT were revealed the group that had a combination administration of extract and E.cloacae showed a higher value than the other group, after 48 hr but the value started decreasing after 72 hr but the highest value recorded ( 4.24± 0.00) after 24 hr with valuable difference at p ≤ 0.05 with other groups. On the other side IL-17,IL-4 and IL-10 showed the groups that received extract with E.cloacae given a high value (424.95±0.46, 100±0.00, 72.18±0.12) respectively which higher than other groups with a significant difference at p≤ 0.05. Conclusion: the current study showed Ziziphus spina-christi leaves aqueous extract have positive effect to regulate the immune response by rising the IL-10 and IL-4 that played anti-inflammatory role also increase IL-17 which contributed to mobilization of neutrophil.
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Mostauskis, Stanislavas. "Pirmosios lietuvių dailės parodos ir modernios lietuvybės projektas." Acta Academiae Artium Vilnensis, no. 112 (February 15, 2024): 76–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.37522/aaav.112.2024.198.
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Straipsnyje glaustai aptartos pirmosiose lietuvių dailės parodose (1907– 1914) išryškėjusios meninės pastangos ir modernios lietuvybės projekto sąveikos, jų inicijuoti tautinės dvasios įmeninimo ir sklaidos procesai anuomet vykusių diskusijų bei vertinimų aplinkoje. Dėmesys telktas į tuos procesus inicijavusį (atskleidusį) pirmosios parodos kontekstą, taip pat į pasirinktą tų procesų „pabaigos / lūžio“ momentą, sietą su „Ars“ grupės manifesto skelbimu suinstitutintos Lietuvos dailės aplinkoje. Siekta išskirti ir koncep- tualizuoti idėjines ištakas, deklaruotais ar kūrybai imanentiškais pavidalais klojusias pamatus minėtoms parodoms, be to, netiesiogiai ir tarpukario Kauno meno mokyklos tradicijai. Ištakos tapatintos su plačiai suprantamomis ideologinėmis modernios lietuvybės prielaidomis, kai tautinės dvasios savitumą bandyta priskirti tuometei lietuvių dailei arba bent stengtasi jį rasti. Straipsnyje siekta: a) aptariant Pirmosios lietuvių dailės parodos kontekstą išryškinti pasirinktus požymius, spekuliatyviai priskirtinus visoms lietuvių dailės parodoms iki Pirmojo pasaulinio karo, taip pat iš dalies perduotus vėlesnei Kauno meno mokyklai; b) probleminti tų požymių sąsajas su besiklostančiu modernios lietuvybės projektu ir savęs ieškančia modernaus lietuvio tapatybe; c) pasiūlyti tokias paieškas atspindintį profesionaliosios dailės ir liaudies meno priklausomybės modelį; d) galų gale perkelti dailę įtautinusius procesus į naują kontekstą ir glaustai nužymėti sąlyginį jų lūžio tašką, siejamą su „Ars“ grupės menine programa. Remtasi nuostata, kad užgimstantis profesionaliosios lietuvių dailės sąjūdis inspiravo ne tiek formalius ikonografinius požymius, kiek į juos nukreiptą žvilgsnį, tautinio projekto keltus lūkesčius, kai meninei kalbai norėta priskirti naujo turinio sklaidos funkcijas. Pastarosios sietos su tautos dvasios atstovavimo idėja, išplitusia Rytų Europoje veikiant vokiškajam romantizmui, vėliau ir kitoms jo atšakoms. Ši idėja virto savitu kelrodžiu, savaime suprantama duotybe, kuria vadovaujantis modernios tautos, taip pat ir lietuviai, siekė atrasti save dailės ir kitų meno formų kontekstuose, vadinasi, tautinės dvasios savitumą aiškino meninės raiškos savitumu, ir atvirkščiai. Remtasi prielaida, kad modernios lietuvybės projekto palaikoma tautos savitumo (dvasios) paieška nėra dydis, redukuotinas į konkrečios meninės krypties (nacionalinio romantizmo, realizmo ar kt.) menines išsklaidas. Tautos dvasios terminas straipsnyje tapatintas su bendrais kultūriniais modernios lietuvybės projekto siekiais, su šerdimi, aplink kurią it traukos centrą buvo konstruotos įvairios esamos ar numatomos tautos kūno ir jos kultūros sampratos. Kitaip tariant, ne nacionalinio romantizmo (neoromantizmo) versijos, jų meninės išsklaidos buvo tautos dvasios paieškas inicijavę ir toliau inspiravę dailės reiškiniai, bet tautos dvasios reikštis (augusi iš tautinių lietuvybės projektų) „savo reikmėms nusavino“ roman- tizmo prielaidose slypinčius pradus, vertė juos naujo tipo tautinės dvasios reprezentacijomis arba bent jų paieška dailės lauke.
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AKIMOVA, S. V., V. V. KIRKACH, A. K. RADZHABOV, and G. E. TER-PETROSYANTS. "MORPHOBIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF DIAPHRAGM FORMATION IN IN VITRO AND EX VITRO GRAPE PLANTS OF INTERSPECIFIC ORIGIN." Izvestiâ Timirâzevskoj selʹskohozâjstvennoj akademii, no. 6 (2021): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/0021-342x-2021-6-5-13.
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Clonal micropropagation of grape varieties of interspecific origin Moscow white (Vitis amurensis Rupr. × Vitis vinifera L.) showed that on the 40th day of the animation stage, a monopodial type of branching is typical for micro-plants, and there is no diaphragm in all nodes of micro-shoots. On the 120th day of growing in containers, the researchers revealed that the nodes of the plant shoots, from the 1st to the 6th, have a monopodial branching type. Parenchymal cells which form an incomplete diaphragm are present in the seventh node. A fully formed diaphragm appears from the eighth node, and the branching type switches to a sympodial-monopodial one.
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Komatsu, Honami, Ken-Ichi Imadome, Haruna Shibayama, et al. "STAT3 Is Activated By EBV in T or NK Cells Leading to Development of EBV-T/NK-Lymphoproliferative Disorders." Blood 124, no. 21 (2014): 3026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.3026.3026.
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Abstract Introduction Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) genome is positive not only in B-, but also T- or NK-lymphoid neoplasms: extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKL), aggressive NK-cell leukemia, and EBV-positive T- or NK-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (EBV-T/NK-LPDs). EBV-T/NK-LPDs are disorders formerly called chronic active EBV infection presenting sustained inflammation, such as infectious mononucleosis-like symptoms, hypersensitivity to mosquito bites, or hydroa vacciniforme-like eruption accompanied by clonal proliferation of EBV-infected T or NK cells. EBV makes the infected B-cells immortal leading to B-cell lymphomas. However, why and how EBV infects T or NK cells and the mechanism of action responsible for the development of EBV-T/NK-neoplasms has not been elucidated yet. STAT3 is a transactivation factor which mediates proliferation and anti-apoptotic signaling. It was reported that a large variety of primary tumor cells as well as tumor-derived cell lines from patients harbored constitutively activated STAT3. In addition, tyrosine 705 (Y705) of STAT3 was constitutively phosphorylated in ENKL cells (Leukemia, 23, p1667, 2009). Objectives We designed this study to investigate STAT3 activation and its contribution to EBV-T/NK-LPDs development. Materials and Methods EBV-positive T-cell lines, SNT8, SNT15, SNT16, and NK-cell lines, SNK1, SNK6, SNK10, were examined. The EBV-negative T-cell lines HPB-ALL, Jurkat, MOLT4 and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors were used as the negative controls. Clinical samples were obtained from EBV-T/NK-LPDs patients who were diagnosed according to the previously described criteria (Blood, 119, p.673, 2012). To detect and isolate EBV-infected cells, T and NK cells were separated using magnetic beads from PBMCs. STAT3 phosphorylation in EBV-T/NK-LPDs cells were examined in clinical samples and xenograft models of EBV-T/NK-LPDs generated by transplantation of PBMCs from the EBV-T/NK-LPDs patients to NOD/Shi-scid/IL-2Rγnull mice. Mutation of STAT3 was examined by direct sequencing. For in vitro EBV infection, EBV was prepared from the culture medium of B95-8 cells and added to MOLT4 cells (Proc Natl Acad Sci, 100, p7836, 2003). Results First, we investigated the activation of STAT3 in EBV-positive T- or NK-cell lines. Phosphorylation of STAT3 on Y705 and serine 727 (S727) was more clearly detected in comparison with that in EBV-negative cell lines by western blotting under their maintenance condition. STAT3 was localized in the nucleus in the EBV-T/NK-cells. These results indicated STAT3 was constitutively activated in EBV-T/NK-cells. We validated the results in EBV-infected T or NK cells derived from 5 EBV-T/NK-LPDs patients (infected cell types: CD4, 1; CD8, 2; and CD56, 2). Phosphorylation of Y705 and S727 of STAT3 was detected in EBV-infected T or NK cells in them. Immunohistological staining also detected the phosphorylation of EBV-positive cells in the tissue of the xenograft models. In these EBV-T/NK-cells, gene mutation was not identified in SH2 domain of STAT3. Next, we examined the direct effect of EBV on STAT3 activation by in virto EBV infection on MOLT4 cells. Immunofluorescence staining detected that STAT3 moved to the nucleus after the infection. Finally, STAT3 specific inhibitor STA-21 suppressed the proliferation of EBV-T/NK-cells. Conclusions STAT3 is activated by EBV leading to growth promoting effects on EBV-T/NK-LPDs. STAT3 can be an attractive molecular target of the treatment for the disorders. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Podgornik, Rudolf, M. Alphan Aksoyoglu, Selcuk Yasar, Daniel Svenšek, and V. Adrian Parsegian. "DNA Equation of State: In Vitro vs In Viro." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 120, no. 26 (2016): 6051–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b02017.
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Sun, Tao, Phil McMinn, Simon Coakley, Mike Holcombe, Rod Smallwood, and Sheila MacNeil. "An integrated systems biology approach to understanding the rules of keratinocyte colony formation." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 4, no. 17 (2007): 1077–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2007.0227.
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Closely coupled in vitro and in virtuo models have been used to explore the self-organization of normal human keratinocytes (NHK). Although it can be observed experimentally, we lack the tools to explore many biological rules that govern NHK self-organization. An agent-based computational model was developed, based on rules derived from literature, which predicts the dynamic multicellular morphogenesis of NHK and of a keratinocyte cell line (HaCat cells) under varying extracellular Ca ++ concentrations. The model enables in virtuo exploration of the relative importance of biological rules and was used to test hypotheses in virtuo which were subsequently examined in vitro . Results indicated that cell–cell and cell–substrate adhesions were critically important to NHK self-organization. In contrast, cell cycle length and the number of divisions that transit-amplifying cells could undergo proved non-critical to the final organization. Two further hypotheses, to explain the growth behaviour of HaCat cells, were explored in virtuo —an inability to differentiate and a differing sensitivity to extracellular calcium. In vitro experimentation provided some support for both hypotheses. For NHKs, the prediction was made that the position of stem cells would influence the pattern of cell migration post-wounding. This was then confirmed experimentally using a scratch wound model.
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Чудецкий, Антон Игоревич, Сергей Анатольевич Родин, Ирина Борисовна Кузнецова, and Сергей Сергеевич Макаров. "VACCINIUM PRAESTANS IN VITRO EX VITRO." Вестник Бурятской государственной сельскохозяйственной академии имени В. Р. Филиппова, no. 3(68) (September 28, 2022): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.34655/bgsha.2022.68.3.016.
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В статье приведены результаты исследований по изучению влияния субстрата, обработки современным ростостимулярующими препаратами и мульчирования на процесс адаптации растений красники (Vaccinium praestans Lamb.) in vitro к нестерильным условиям ex vitro. В последнее время происходит интенсивное уменьшение запасов естественных угодий ценных видов лесных ягодных растений. Красника - малоизвестное в европейской части России лесное ягодное растение с ограниченным ареалом естественного произрастания. Для промышленного выращивания лесных ягодных растений целесообразно использовать метод микроклонального размножения. Адаптация к нестерильным условиям ex vitro - один из самых ответственных и сложных этапов микроклонального размножения. На этапе адаптации красники in vitro к нестерильным условиям ex vitro оптимальным сроком пересадки является май. Наибольшая приживаемость (90-93%) отмечена на смеси торфа с песком 1:1 с обработкой препаратом HB-101 0,1 мл/л и опрыскиванием водой, на верховом торфе и смеси торфа с вермикулитом 1:4 с обработкой препаратом HB-101 0,1 мл/л. Максимальное количество побегов (3,1-3,9 шт.) и листьев (4,5-4,9 шт.) красники ex vitro выявлено при обработке препаратом HB-101 0,1 мл/л. Приживаемость растений красники с мульчированием посадок мхом Sphagnum L. оказалась незначительно выше, чем в вариантах без мульчирования. The article deals with the results of the research on the study of the effect of the substrate, treatment with modern growth-stimulating agents and mulching on the process of adaptation of Kamchatka bilberry (Vaccinium praestans Lamb.) plants in vitro to non-sterile ex vitro conditions. At present, an intensive decrease in the reserves of natural lands of valuable species of forest berry plants is observed. Kamchatka bilberry is a forest berry plant with a limited range of natural growth and almost unknown in the European part of Russia. For industrial cultivation of forest berry plants the method of clonal micropropagation is advisable. Adaptation to non-sterile ex vitro conditions is one of the most crucial and difficult stages of clonal micropropagation. At the stage of in vitro adaptation of Kamchatka bilberry to non-sterile ex vitro conditions the optimal transplantation period is May. The highest survival rate (90-93%) is observed on a mixture of peat with sand 1:1 with treatment with HB-101 0.1 ml/l and spraying with water, on high moor peat and a mixture of peat with vermiculite 1:4 with treatment with HB-101 0.1 ml/l. The maximum number of shoots (3.1-3.9 pcs.) and leaves (4.5-4.9 pcs.) ex vitro is revealed after treatment with HB-101 0.1 ml/l. The survival rate of Kamchatka bilberry plants with mulching of plantings with Sphagnum L. moss turned out to be slightly higher than in variants without mulching.
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Isada, Alain Parada, Eneider Pérez Mena, and Yanairis Medina. "Primer hallazgo de nidificación del Vireo de Bahamas (<em>Vireo crassirostris</em>) para Cuba, en Cayo Paredón Grande." Journal of Caribbean Ornithology 26 (May 27, 2013): 51–54. https://doi.org/10.55431/jco.2013.26.51-54.
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Resumen: En el presente trabajo se documenta el primer registro de nidificación del Vireo de Las Bahamas (Vireo crassirostris) para Cuba, en la localidad de Cayo Paredón Grande, archipiélago de Sabana-Camagüey. El área se caracterizó por la presencia de una estrecha franja de Conocarpus erecta con elementos de matorral costero, limitada al norte por parches de Avicennia germinans en una zona de inundación costera, y al sur, por el matorral xeromorfo costero sobre carso con presencia de Coccothrinax litoralis. La búsqueda de nido se llevó a cabo a finales de junio del 2005 durante un período de tres días, y el 22 de junio, se localizó un nido en forma de copa con tres huevos sobre Conocarpus erecta. Se describe el nido y la puesta, así como observaciones conductuales realizadas a dos adultos nidificantes. Palabras clave: Cayo Paredón Grande, Conocarpus erecta, Cuba, nidificación, nido, Vireo crassirostris Abstract: First breeding record of the thick-billed vireo (Vireo crassirostris) for Cuba, at Cayo Paredón Grande- The present paper documents Cuba’s first breeding record of Thick-billed Vireo (Vireo crassirostris) in Cayo Paredón Grande, Ciego de Avila province, Cuba. The study area is characterized by a narrow strip of Conocarpus erecta with elements of coastal scrub, bordered by several patches of Avicennia germinans in a coastal flooded area to the north, and by xeromorphic coastal scrub dominated by Coccothrinax litoralis in a rocky area to the south. Nest searching was conducted over a 3-day period in late June 2005. On 22 June 2005 we found a cup-shaped nest containing three eggs in a Conocarpus erecta. We describe the nest and eggs, as well as some behavioural observations of the breeding pair. Keywords: breeding, Cayo Paredón Grande, Cuba, Thick-billed Vireo, Vireo crassirostris Résumé: Première mention de la reproduction du viréo à bec fort (Vireo crassirostris) à Cuba, à Cayo Paredon Grande- Le présent article fait état de la première mention de reproduction du Viréo à bec fort (Vireo crassirostris) à Cuba, à Cayo Paredón Grande, archipel de Sabana-Camagüey. La zone d’étude était caractérisée par une étroite bande de Conocarpus erecta et d’arbustes côtiers, bordée au nord par des bosquets d’Avicennia germinans dans une zone inondée côtière, et au sud par une zone rocheuse arbustive xéromorphe dominée par Coccothrinax litoralis. La recherche de nids a été menée sur une période de 3 jours à la fin de juin 2005. Le 22 juin 2005, un nid en forme de coupe contenant trois œufs a été trouvé dans un Conocarpus erecta. Le nid, les œufs, ainsi que le comportement du couple nicheur sont décrits. Mots clés: Cayo Paredón Grande, Cuba, nidification, Viréo à bec fort, Vireo crassirostris
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Latta, Steven C., and Pedro Genaro Rodríguez. "Notable bird records from Hispaniola and associated islands, including four new species." Journal of Caribbean Ornithology 31 (December 24, 2018): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.55431/jco.2018.31.34-37.
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Abstract: Recent work on Hispaniola and associated islands has provided observations of four new species not previously formally recorded, including Long-billed Curlew (Numenius americanus), Cory’s Shearwater (Calonectris diomedea), Philadelphia Vireo (Vireo philadelphicus), and Pin-tailed Whydah (Vidua macroura). In addition, six species considered vagrants to Hispaniola have been reported, including Hooded Merganser (Lophodytes cucullatus), Bonaparte’s Gull (Chroicocephalus philadelphia), White-eyed Vireo (Vireo griseus), Cliff Swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota), Nashville Warbler (Oreothlypis ruficapilla), and Mourning Warbler (Geothlypis philadelphia), and the status of one additional species, Gull-billed Tern (Gelochelidon nilotica) has been changed by evidence of nesting in the Dominican Republic.
 Keywords: Dominican Republic, Haiti, Hispaniola, Navassa Island
 Resumen: Trabajos recientes en La Española e islas asociadas han proporcionado observaciones de cuatro nuevas especies no registradas previamente, incluyendo Zarapito Americano (Numenius americanus), Pardela Cenicienta (Calonectris diomedea), Vireo de Filadelfia (Vireo philadelphicus) y Vidua Colicinta (Vidua macroura). Además, se han reportado seis especies consideradas vagabundas a La Española, incluyendo Mergansa de Caperuza (Lophodytes cucullatus), Gaviota de Bonaparte (Chroicocephalus philadelphia), Vireo de Ojo Blanco (Vireo griseus), Golondrina de Farallón (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota), Ciguíta de Nashville (Oreothlypis ruficapilla), y Ciguíta Triste (Geothlypis philadelphia), y el estado de una especie adicional, Gaviota Pico Corto (Gelochelidon nilotica) ha sido cambiado por la evidencia de anidación en la República Dominicana.
 Palabras clave: Haití, Isla Navassa, La Española, República Dominicana
 Résumé: Des travaux récents sur Hispaniola et les îles associées ont permis d’observer quatre nouvelles espèces non répertoriées auparavant, notamment le Courlis à long bec (Numenius americanus), le Puffin cendré (Calonectris diomedea), le Viréo de Philadelphie (Vireo philadelphicus) et la Veuve dominicaine (Vidua macroura). En outre, six espèces considérées comme des vagabonds à Hispaniola ont été signalées, dont le Harle couronné (Lophodytes cucullatus), le Mouette de Bonaparte (Chroicocephalus philadelphia), le Viréo aux yeux blancs (Vireo griseus), l’Hirondelle à front blanc (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota), la Paruline à joues grises (Oreothlypis ruficapilla), et la Paruline triste (Geothlypis philadelphia), ainsi que le statut d’une autre espèce, la Sterne hansel (Gelochelidon nilotica) a été modifié en raison de preuves de nidification en République dominicaine.
 Mots clés: Haïti, Hispaniola, île de Navassa, République dominicaine
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Shilpa, Doultani, Sharma Prachi, Patil SP, George LB, and Highland HN. "Unveiling maturation biomarker dynamics: A comprehensive review on In Vitro embryo production in cattle." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 21, no. 1 (2024): 579–85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13208297.
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<em>In vitro</em> embryo production (IVEP) is a revolutionary reproductive biotechnology in bovine species which enables rapid genetic gain and conservation of genetic resources. IVEP has numerous applications in field of animal breeding, conservation and research, making it a powerful tool for enhancing reproductive efficiency and genetic progress in livestock industry. The process involves manipulating gametes, including oocytes and sperm, in a laboratory setting. Success of IVEP largely relies on optimization of each step, including gamete quality, sperm preparation techniques, fertilization conditions and culture medium. Advancements in culture media formulations by additions of growth factors, antioxidants along with co-culture systems and advanced imaging techniques have improved efficiency and success rates. In this article, the authors have reviewed the importance as well as biomarkers associated with <em>in vitro</em> maturation for a more successful outcome of IVEP in bovines.
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Hernández, Saavedra Norma Yolanda. "¿Tienes un antojo? ¡Albóndigas de carne de mamut!" BiotecnoLógica Magazine 1, no. 2 (2023): 13–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8184720.
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Artículo de divulgación donde se presenta uno de los usos potenciales de la obtención de información de restos animales que vivieron hace 30,000 a 40,000 años, que han sido recuperados de áreas permanentemente congeladas del Ártico. Es un claro ejemplo, como la aplicación y combinación de herramientas biotecnológicas, permiten no solo la generación de conocimiento, sino que puede aplicarse para la obtención de satisfactores, en este caso, alimentos.
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Saroj, Yadav* M. Bhargav R. Ramya Laureen Nowfal Habeeb. "IN-VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF CITRULLUS LANATUS SEED." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 5, no. 12 (2016): 679–85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.212024.
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To explore antioxidant, and immunomodulator activities of Citrullus lanatus seed extract by utilizing in-vitro models. Hydroalcoholic extract of Citrullus lanatus seeds was prepared and arranged in the different concentrations to study the antioxidant activity by different methods and immunomodulatory activity also.. The present investigation will be supportive to the scientific documentation related in-vitro studies. The DPPH Free radical scavenging assay results revealed that the hydroalchoholic Citrulus lanatus seed extracts were found to have good antioxidant activity. The IC50 value of hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of hydroalchoholic extract of Citrullus lanatus seeds was found to be 290µg/ml. The reducing capabilities of hydroalchoholic seed extract and Immunomodulatory activity by NBT assay was found to be in dose dependent manner. In-vitro studies may be helpful to understand the molecular mechanism of oxidation and to reveal phytochemicals of the extract responsible for showing antioxidant and immunomodulator activity. Citrullus lanatus seeds extract exhibited significant in-vitro antioxidant and Immunomodulatory activity.
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Hana, A. A. Mageed, F. El Ezabi Reda, and A. Khaled Fayrouz. "In vitro antimicrobial activity screening of new Heterocyclic compounds derived from 5-bromo-2,3-di(furan-2-yl)-1h-indole." In vitro antimicrobial activity screening of new Heterocyclic compounds derived from 5-bromo-2,3-di(furan-2-yl)-1h-indole 3, no. 1 (2021): 889–93. https://doi.org/10.36811/jca.2021.110033.
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This article describes the antimicrobial activity evaluation of new heterocyclic compounds derived from 5-bromo-2,3-di(furan-2-yl)-1h-indole. Heterocyclic moiety serve as perfect framework on which pharmacophores can be effectively attached to produce novel drugs. New compounds were obtained on the basis of derivatives including 1H-indole-2,3-dione derivatives. Acid-catalyzed, three-component reaction (Belinelli synthesis) between 5-bromo-2,3-di(furan-2-yl)1H-indole, acetylacetone and semi carbazide, thiosemicarbazone, urea, thiourea, guanidine constitutes a rapid and facile synthesis of corresponding tetrahydro pyrimidines, which are interesting compounds with a potential for pharmaceutical application. Antimicrobial tests revealed high antibacterial activity of obtained derivatives. The synthesized compounds have been screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against various strains of bacteria and fungi. https://www.raftpubs.com/jca-chemistry/articles/jca_raft1033.php
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Kaya, Muhammed, Alpaslan Tanoğlu, Çetinkaya Züleyha Akkan, et al. "In Vitro Effects of Vitamins C and E on Helicobacter pylori." Journal of Molecular Virology and Immunology 2, no. 3 (2021): 102–6. https://doi.org/10.46683/jmvi.2021.36.
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<strong>Abstract</strong> In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of vitamins C and E on <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> in vitro, in other words in the absence of the in vivo dynamics of the gastric mucosa. The study included 32 patients with <em>H. pylori</em>-positive nonulcer dyspepsia. Tissue samples from antrum and corpus, which were taken during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, were Gram stained and seeded onto culture plates supplemented with 7% horse blood for <em>H. pylori</em> culture. Plates were incubated in a microaerophilic environment. Isolated <em>H. pylori</em> strains were identified on Gram-stained smears and with urease test. Different concentrations of vitamins C, E and E+C were added into the Columbia Blood Agar plates containing 7% defibrinated horse blood at appropriate temperature in order to produce vitamin added media. Equal amounts of <em>H. pylori</em> colonies (<em>equivalent to 1 McFarland turbidity standard unit</em>) were inoculated onto media plates. Media groups were as follows: 1. Control group, 2. Vitamin C added group, 3. Vitamin E added group, 4. Vitamins C and E added group. Growth of <em>H. pylori</em> was seen in all culture media. By counting each colony, the total number of colony forming units (CFUs) on each plate was determined as 10<sup>3</sup> CFU/ml in two groups (60 µl vitamin E group and 20 µl vitamin C+60 µl vitamin E group). The total number of CFUs in other groups (including the control group) were approximately 1-2x10<sup>2</sup> CFU/ml. Inhibition of growth was not observed in any groups and there was a 1 log increase in plates with high levels of vitamin E. The present study shows that vitamins C and E had no inhibitory effects on <em>H. pylori</em> in vitro. <strong>Özet</strong> Bu çalışmada vitamin C ve E’nin <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> üzerine etkilerini in vitro ortamda, yani gastrik mukozanın in vivo etkilerinin olmadığı bir ortamda değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Çalışmaya <em>H. pylori</em> pozitif ülser dışı dispepsisi olan 32 hasta dahil edildi. Üst gastrointestinal endoskopi sırasında antrum ve korpustan alınan doku örnekleri Gram boyandı ve <em>H. pylori</em> kültürü için %7 at kanı ile desteklenmiş kültür plakalarına (besiyerlerine) ekildi. Örnekler mikroaerofilik bir ortamda inkübe edildi. İzole edilen <em>H. pylori</em> suşları, Gram boyanmış yaymalar ve üreaz testi ile tanımlandı. Vitamin katkılı besiyeri ortamı üretmek için uygun sıcaklıkta %7 defibrine at kanı içeren Columbia Blood Agar plakalarına farklı konsantrasyonlarda C, E ve E + C vitaminleri eklendi. Eşit miktarlarda <em>H. pylori</em> kolonileri (<em>1 McFarland türbidite standart birimine eşdeğer</em>) besiyeri plakalarına inoküle edildi. Besiyeri grupları şu şekildedir: 1. Kontrol grubu, 2. Vitamin C eklenen grup, 3. Vitamin E eklenen grup, 4. Vitamin C ve E eklenen grup. Tüm kültür ortamlarında <em>H. pylori</em> üremesi görüldü. Her bir koloni sayılarak her plakadaki toplam koloni oluşturan birim (CFU) sayısı hesaplandı ve iki grupta (60 µl vitamin E grubu ve 20 µl vitamin C + 60 µl vitamin E grubu) 10<sup>3</sup> CFU/ml olarak belirlendi. Diğer gruplardaki (kontrol grubu dahil) toplam CFU sayısı ise yaklaşık 1-2x10<sup>2</sup> CFU/ml idi. Hiçbir grupta büyüme inhibisyonu gözlenmedi ve yüksek E vitamini seviyelerine sahip plakalarda 1 log artış oldu. Bu çalışma, C ve E vitaminlerinin in vitro olarak <em>H. pylori</em> üzerinde herhangi bir etkisinin olmadığını göstermektedir.
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Galiano Maritan, Grisel, Claudia Lorena Morffi Collado, and Dr Geanny León Fadraga. "El derecho del no nacido frente a la eugenesia mediante la selección de embriones en la fecundación in vitro." Revista Universidad de Guayaquil 130, no. 1 (2020): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.53591/rug.v130i1.1365.
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El análisis de la nueva eugenesia y su empleo en la fecundación in vitro, plantea serios dilemas jurídicos entre los deseos de concebir, la protección del embrión, y la identidad genética del no nacido. La fecundación in vitro, técnica que forma parte de un procedimiento médico destinado a la fecundación mediante un medio extracorpóreo, se ha visto transformada mediante la preselección de embriones, es por ello que la investigación tiene como objetivo principal analizar las repercusiones de la aplicación de la eugenesia como criterio de preselección embrionaria en la fecundación in vitro. Para el cumplimiento de este fin se emplearon métodos y técnicas propios de una investigación social de corte jurídico dentro de los que se encuentran: el análisis histórico – lógico; el método exegético – analítico; el método comparativo; el estudio de casos y, como no, el análisis bibliográfico.
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Zinatullina, A. E., and V. I. Nikonov. "LABORATORY EVALUATION OF REGENERATES OF WHEAT HYBRID COMBINATIONS IN VITRO AND EX VITRO CONDITIONS." ÈKOBIOTEH 4, no. 2 (2021): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31163/2618-964x-2021-4-2-81-88.
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Drought is the combination of climatic conditions that leads to a long-term shortage of water in the soil and air. This is one of the most common abiotic stress factors that leads to significant losses of crop yield and the emergence of a threat to food security. Researchers are actively developing ways to create drought-resistant zoned varieties of economically important agricultural crops and especially cereals as the main food resource. Such varieties should maintain a relatively high yield rate with a shortage of water in the soil and air. The aim of the work was the laboratory evaluation in vitro and ex vitro of wheat regenerants formed in the embryo culture in vitro under conditions selective for the indicator "drought resistance". Methods of embryo culture in vitro, laboratory evaluation of caryopsis viability, histological analysis, as well as statistical processing of the received results were used. Under the conditions of in vitro experiments on the selective medium simulating drought by introducing mannit at the concentration of 8% as an osmotic, regenerants of 5 hybrid wheat combinations that showed tolerance to stress were obtained. It is shown that the development of regenerants in vitro and ex vitro pass according to the same phenological phases and in the same duration as donor plants. Regenerants form caryopsises of sufficiently high quality, which is confirmed by laboratory observations of their viability and histological analysis of seedlings.