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Journal articles on the topic 'In vitro gas production technique'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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1

Kamalak, A., O. Canbolat, Y. Gurbuz, and O. Ozay. "Comparison of in vitro gas production technique with in situ nylon bag technique to estimate dry matter degradation." Czech Journal of Animal Science 50, No. 2 (2011): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3996-cjas.

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Dry matter (DM) degradation of wheat straw (WS), barley straw (BS), lucerne hay (LH) and maize silage (MS) was determined using two different techniques: (i) in vitro gas production and (ii) nylon bag degradability technique. In vitro gas production and in situ DM disappearance were measured after 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours of incubation. In situ and in vitro DM degradation kinetics was described using the equation y = a + b (1 &ndash; e<sup>ct</sup>). In all incubations there were significant (P &lt; 0.001) correlations between gas production and in situ DM disappea

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Blümmel, M., H. P. S. Makkar, and K. Becker. "In vitro gas production: a technique revisited." Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 77, no. 1-5 (1997): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.1997.tb00734.x.

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Mertens, D. R., P. J. Weimer, and G. M. Waghorn. "Inocula differences affect in vitro gas production kinetics." BSAP Occasional Publication 22 (1998): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00032341.

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The kinetics of gas production during ruminal fermentation may provide valuable information about foods that can be used to formulate diets and model animal responses. However, measurement of digestion kinetics is affected by methodology and techniques must be established that provide accurate and precise estimates of kinetic parameters. Because gas production measurements provide the opportunity to estimate the digestion kinetics of both soluble and insoluble matter in foods, it would be desirable to use this technique on a wide variety of forages, grains, supplements, and by-product foods. A

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Lowman, R. S., N. S. Jessop, M. K. Theodorou, M. Herrero, and D. Cuddeford. "A comparison between two in vitro gas production techniques to study fermentation profiles of three foodstuffs." BSAP Occasional Publication 22 (1998): 207–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00032614.

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Following the development of the Menke technique in 1979, the measurement of gas production in vitro has become increasingly popular for investigating the kinetics of rumen fermentation. The aim of this study was to compare the gas production profiles for three foods using two in vitro gas production techniques; the Menke et al. (1979) technique (MT) and the pressure transducer technique (PTT) (Theodorou et al., 1994). Both techniques involve recording gas production throughout the incubation of a food sample with rumen fluid. The MT incubations are made in gas-tight syringes where the volume

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Krishnamoorthy, U., C. Rymer, and P. H. Robinson. "The in vitro gas production technique: Limitations and opportunities." Animal Feed Science and Technology 123-124 (September 2005): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.04.015.

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Sallam, S. M. A., M. E. A. Nasser, A. M. El-Waziry, I. C. S. Bueno, and A. L. Abdalla. "Evaluation of some ruminant feedstuffs using gas production technique, in vitro." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2007 (April 2007): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200021219.

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In Egypt, animals suffer from under feeding and mal-nutrition due to the shortage of local produced feed which are not sufficient to cover the nutritional requirements of animals. The annually amount produced of agro-by¬products in Egypt are around 2.5 million ton of rice straw and one million ton of sugarcane bagasse. These wastes are usually burned causing environmental pollution. The potential use of these wastes in ruminant ration will participate in reducing the shortage of feedstuffs and subsequently increase milk and meat production in Egypt. Gas measuring technique has been widely used

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Bhatta, R., K. Tajima, N. Takusari, K. Higuchi, O. Enishi, and M. Kurihara. "Comparison of sulfur hexafluoride tracer technique, rumen simulation technique and in vitro gas production techniques for methane production from ruminant feeds." International Congress Series 1293 (July 2006): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ics.2006.03.075.

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Nozella, E. F., S. L. S. Cabral Filho, I. C. S. Bueno, et al. "Tannin bioassay using semi-automated gas production technique." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2005 (2005): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200011297.

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Brazil has arid regions where livestock production is limited by forage source. However, some native herbaceous browses have a dry tolerance and had been used as animal feed. Some of those plants have anti nutritional compounds such as tannins that can interfere on intake and digestibility. Tannins have a high affinity to proteins and could make these molecules unavailable for animal. Compounds as polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been used on tannin studies, because it has more affinity with tannins than proteins. Based on that, it is possible to evaluate the nutritive potential of tanniniferous

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Mauricio, R. M., M. S. Dhanoa, E. Owen, K. S. Channa, F. L. Mould, and M. K. Theodorou. "Semi-automation of the in vitro gas production technique using a pressure transducer." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1998 (1998): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600032839.

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The use of a syringe (manual method) to measure gas production is time consuming and inaccurate. In addition the time taken prevents frequent measurements and therefore does not allow gas production kinetics to be fully described. According to Boyle's Law, gas volume corrected for temperature, is directly related to pressure. A simple, semi-automatic system recording of gas pressure and equations to estimate volume, was therefore developed.Data for this work came from a study which compared rumen liquor and faeces as sources of inoculum using the method of Theodorou et al. (1994). Six substrat

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Mauricio, R. M., T. R. Tomich, R. A. Filho, et al. "Comparison between in vitro gas production and in situ degradation for evaluating rumen dry matter degradation of maize grain and tropical grasses." BSAP Occasional Publication 34 (2006): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s146398150004228x.

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SummaryThe in situ technique (NB) was compared to the in vitro gas production technique (Gas) in terms of ability to estimate the dry matter degradation (DMD) using high soluble substrates (maize grains) and low soluble substrates (four tropical forages). The experiments (in situ and in vitro) were carried out at the same time using the same cow for both techniques and DMD was estimated at 6, 12, 24, 48 & 96 h. The results showed that DMD from Gas were lower than NB DMD and the correlation for the maize group were lower than those of the grass group which indicated that Gas technique, clos

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Rymer, C., A. R. Moss, E. R. Deaville, and D. I. Givens. "Factors affecting the amount of indirect gas produced by the in vitro gas production technique." BSAP Occasional Publication 22 (1998): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00032328.

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When a food is ingested by a ruminant animal, the carbohydrate fraction of the food is fermented by the rumen micro-organisms to produce gas (predominantly carbon dioxide and methane) as well as volatile fatty acids (VFA). The gas production technique simulates this fermentation process and provides an estimate of both the rate and extent of fermentation. Comparing the gas production (GP) profiles of foods enables a comparison to be made of the fermentative characteristics of different foods. However, the technique uses a bicarbonate-based medium system with the rumen liquor. This complicates

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Ansari, A., A. Taghizadeh, H. Janmohamadi, and G. Zarini. "Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the nutritive value of lucerne hay assessed with the in vitro gas production technique." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2009 (April 2009): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200030258.

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Yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) has been widely used as a dietary supplement in ruminants. Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation in ruminant diets can increase dry matter intake, production performance, cellulose degradation, and nutrient digestibility (Callaway and Martin, 1997). In vitro techniques are routinely used to evaluate the nutritional quality of feeds because of their convenience, adaptability and efficiency. The in vitro gas production technique is an accurate and fast method to evaluate the nutritive value of feeds and it can be a good alternative method instead of in

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Taghizadeh, A., and M. Besharati. "Evaluation of nutritional value in some tropical by-products using the in vitro gas production technique." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2009 (April 2009): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200030295.

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Anaerobic digestion of carbohydrates by ruminal microbes produces short chain fatty acids (SCFA), CO2, CH4, and traces of H2; hence, measurement of gas production in vitro can be used to study the rate and extent of digestion of feedstuffs (Hungate, 1966). When a feedstuff is incubated with buffered rumen fluid in vitro, the carbohydrates are fermented to SCFA, gases mainly CO2 and CH4 and microbial cells. Gas production is basically the result of fermentation of carbohydrates to acetate, propionate and butyrate (Wolin, 1960; Beuvink and Spoelstra, 1992; Blummel and Ørskov, 1993). High correla

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Filho, S. L. S. Cabral, I. C. S. Bueno, E. F. Nozella, A. L. Abdalla, and D. M. S. S. Vitti. "Tannin bioassay using semi-automated and manual gas production techniques for Brazilian browses." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2003 (2003): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200013508.

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Native herbaceous browses at Northeast of Brazil have a dry tolerance and have been used as animal feed. Some of those plants have anti nutritional compounds such as tannins that can interfere on their intake and digestibility. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been used in gas-based techniques for assessing anti nutritional factors in tanniniferous plants for ruminants. The objective of this work was to compare the tannin bioassay technique using the semi-automated (Reading Pressure Technique - RPT) and manual (syringe) gas production techniques to evaluate the tannin effect upon in vitro rumen f

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15

Ramírez Díaz, Roselia, René Pinto Ruiz, Francisco Guevara Hernández, José Venegas Venegas, Mariela Reyes Sosa, and Luis Miranda Romero. "Effect of the ruminal liquid extraction method in the in vitro gas technique." Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia 38, no. 3 (2021): 681–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v38.n3.12.

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In vitro gas studies require the use of cannulated animals; however, the high cost of the surgery limits its application. Therefore, the objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of the ruminal fluid extraction technique by oro-ruminal probe affects the results derived from the in vitro gas production technique (GPT). Elaeis guineensis meal was used as a substrate. Ruminal fluid was obtained in two ways: cannulated animals and oro-ruminal probe. Dry matter degradation was estimated (DMD), parameters of fermentation kinetics and fractional volume by the GPT. The comparison of means was

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Mauricio, Rogerio M., Fergus L. Mould, Mewa S. Dhanoa, Emyr Owen, Kulwant S. Channa, and Michael K. Theodorou. "A semi-automated in vitro gas production technique for ruminant feedstuff evaluation." Animal Feed Science and Technology 79, no. 4 (1999): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-8401(99)00033-4.

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A. A., EL Shereef, and Gomaa R. M. M. "NUTRITIONAL EVALUATION AND METHANE PRODUCTION OF SOME FODDER PLANTS USING IN VITRO GAS PRODUCTION TECHNIQUE." Journal of Bio Innovation 9, no. 6 (2020): 1080–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.46344/jbino.2020.v09i06.01.

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Navarro-Villa, A., M. O’Brien, S. López, T. M. Boland, and P. O’Kiely. "Modifications of a gas production technique for assessing in vitro rumen methane production from feedstuffs." Animal Feed Science and Technology 166-167 (June 2011): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.04.064.

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A. A., EL Shereef, and Gomaa R. M. M. "NUTRITIONAL EVALUATION AND METHANE PRODUCTION OF SOME FODDER PLANTS USING IN VITRO GAS PRODUCTION TECHNIQUE." Journal of Bio Innovation 9, no. 6 (2020): 1080–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.46344/jbino.2020.v09i06.01.

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Wei, C., S. X. Lin, J. L. Wu, G. Y. Zhao, T. T. Zhang, and W. S. Zheng. "Effects of supplementing vitamin E on in vitro rumen gas production, volatile fatty acid production, dry matter disappearance rate, and utilizable crude protein." Czech Journal of Animal Science 60, No. 8 (2018): 335–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/8402-cjas.

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Two in vitro trials were carried out to study the effects of supplementing vitamin E (V<sub>E</sub>) on rumen fermentation. In Trial I, four levels of V<sub>E</sub> product (purity 50%), i.e. 0, 15, 30, and 60 mg/kg dry matter (DM) of feed (equivalent to 0, 7.5, 15, 30 IU V<sub>E</sub>/kg DM) were supplemented to a typical feed mixture, respectively, as experimental treatments. The gas test technique of Menke et al. (1979) was used to measure gas and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production. In Trial II, the in vitro incubation technique of Zhao and Lebzien (200

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Ichinohe, T., W. J. Shand, D. J. Kyle, X. B. Chen, and E. R. Ørskov. "Relationship between in vitro gas production and in situ degradability for forage components." BSAP Occasional Publication 22 (1998): 244–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00032742.

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Recently in vitro and in situ techniques have been used for assessing forage nutritive value for ruminants instead of laborious in vivo trials. Although, Blummel and Ørskov (1993) have shown that an in vitro gas production technique gives reliable estimates of forage nutritive value, whether the estimates could be correlated with in situ degradation are not well established. There is little known about the differences in degradation characteristics of neutral-detergent fibre (NDF) and cellular contents (CC: soluble carbohydrates, lipids and crude protein) in the rumen, and also about the relat

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Işık, Yasemin, and Adem Kaya. "Determination of Feed Values of Different Physical Processed Common Vetch Seed (Vicia Sativa) by in Vitro Gas Production Technique." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, no. 12 (2020): 2528–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i12.2528-2532.3475.

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In this study, in vitro gas production values, gas production parameters (a, b, a+b and c) and organic matter digestibilities (OMD), metabolizable energy (ME), net energy lactation (NEL) contents, chemical compositions and feed values of different physical processed (raw, soaked, boiled and roasted) common vetch seeds (Vicia sativa) were determined by in vitro gas production technique. Rumen fluid, used in this study, was obtained by probe from one Holstein bull (seven years old, average live weight= 650 kg) raised at Research and Application Farm of Agricultural Faculty Atatürk University. Ra

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McLean, B. M. L., J. J. Hyslop, A. C. Longland, D. Cuddeford, and T. Hollands. "Gas production in vitro from purified starches using equine faeces as the source of inocula." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1999 (1999): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200002878.

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In vitro techniques have been developed to study the fermentation kinetics of a wide range of animal feedstuffs but relatively few studies have been conducted specifically with purified feed constituents. This study uses the pressure transducer technique of Theodorou et al (1994) to record cumulative gas production (GP) when six purified starch sources were incubated in vitro.Three replicates of six commercially available purified (98%) starch sources were incubated in vitro with an inoculum prepared from freshly voided faeces collected from six ponies fed hay ad libitum. The starches were a p

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Napasirth, Pattaya, Chalong Wachirapak, Pathcharee Saenjan, and Chalermpon Yuangklang. "Effect of Sulfate-Containing Compounds on Methane Production by Using an In vitro Gas Production Technique." Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 12, no. 8 (2013): 723–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjn.2013.723.729.

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Chen, Chung-Nan, Tzu-Tai Lee, and Bi Yu. "19. Improving the Prediction of Methane Production Determined by in Vitro Gas Production Technique for Ruminants." Annals of Animal Science 16, no. 2 (2016): 565–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoas-2015-0078.

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Abstract Twelve feedstuffs (cereals, fibrous byproducts, protein-rich byproducts and forages) were determined for methane (CH4) production by the in vitro gas production technique (IVGPT) and were correlated with their chemical compositions to predict enteric CH4 originating from these feedstuffs in ruminants. Corn, soybean hull, soybean meal and corn silage generated the highest CH4 production from their respective categories. The average CH4 production of fibrous byproducts (44.6 ml/g DM incubated) was significantly higher than that of cereals (40.3 ml/g DM incubated), forages (33.3 ml/g DM

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Bakhashwain, A., S. Sallam, and A. Allam. "Nutritive Value Assessment of Some Saudi ArabianFoliages by Gas Production Technique in vitro." Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences 21, no. 1 (2010): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4197/met.21-1.5.

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Bueno, I. C. S., S. L. S. Cabral Filho, S. P. Gobbo, M. C. Carvalho, C. Pavan, and A. L. Abdalla. "Effect of tropical diets on inocula used on in vitro gas production technique." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2001 (2001): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200004920.

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There is much discussion about the effect of the diet of the inoculum donor animal. The ideal diet should supply microrganisms and they should be able to degrade the feed. But when we evaluate several different feeds by a gas production assay, it is very difficult to feed donor animals with a diet composed by all feeds that will be tested. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of three different tropical diets on inoculum ability to degrade the feeds.

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Getachew, G., P. H. Robinson, E. J. DePeters, et al. "Methane production from commercial dairy rations estimated using an in vitro gas technique." Animal Feed Science and Technology 123-124 (September 2005): 391–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.04.056.

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Bortolozzo, A., D. K. Lovett, S. Lovell, L. Stack, and F. P. O’Mara. "The prediction of in vivo methane production and animal performance from the in vitro gas production technique." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2003 (2003): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200013168.

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The in vivo determination of methane (CH4) production requires specialist equipment which is costly to maintain. Whilst the in vitro gas production technique has been demonstrated to show potential to rank diets for their methanongenic potential at maintenance planes of nutrition (Moss and Givens, 1997) no study has investigated this relationship when feedstuffs are fed ad libitum. The objective of this study was to assess the ability of the technique to predict in vivo CH4 production and animal performance from six diets differing in their chemical composition.

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Gazaneo, M. P., F. Bovera, C. Di Meo, G. Piccolo, and A. Nizza. "Effect of inoculum from suckling rabbits of different ages on fermentation parameters obtained with the in vitro gas production technique." BSAP Occasional Publication 34 (2006): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1463981500042278.

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SummaryThe in vitro gas production technique was used to observe the fermentation characteristics of three feedstuffs (barley, dried alfalfa meal, and dried beet pulp). Inocculum was provided from the caecal contents of suckling rabbits (23, 26, 31 and 35d old) which had access to their dams’ food. Mean OM degradation increased progressively with the age of the rabbits (P<0.01) from 67.4 to 70.8% with inocculum from 23 and 35d kits, and gas production from 302 to 357 ml/g OM incubated (P<0.01). It was confirmed that the in vitro gas production technique is a valid tool for the study the

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N.S. Jessop and M. Herrero. "Influence of soluble components on parameter estimation using the in vitro gas production technique." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1996 (March 1996): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600029986.

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The in vitro gas production technique aims to characterise feeds in terms of both the amount and rate of supply of fermentable carbohydrate. Models are used to interpret the data collected and typically assume that there is one pool of fermentable carbohydrate which is used at a fractional rate although it has been shown that inclusion of a modifying rate improves the fit of the model to the data (France et al., 1993). Since forage carbohydrate is not homogenous and can, at the simplest level, be divided into soluble (sugars) and insoluble (fibre) components, the aim of the experiment was to d

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Lowman, R. S., A. E. Brooks, M. K. Theodorou, M. S. Dhanoa, and D. Cuddeford. "The effect of head-space pressure on gas production profiles." BSAP Occasional Publication 22 (1998): 205–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00032602.

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In vitro gas production techniques are becoming increasingly popular as tools to investigate the food quality for ruminant and monogastric herbivores. They are attractive due to their ability to measure the kinetics of digestion associated with the gut microbial fermentation of foodstuffs. It is therefore important to know and understand what factors affect the volume of gas produced, particularly as they relate to repeatability within or between laboratories. In studies involving gas pressure and volume measurement, the chemical composition of the culture medium, the nature of the microbial p

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Davies, D. R., E. L. Bakewell, D. K. Leemans, and R. J. Merry. "The effect of bromoethanesulphonic acid on gas production during an in vitro rumen fermentation." BSAP Occasional Publication 22 (1998): 193–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00032560.

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Pressure transducer technology to measure gas production from microbial ecosystems has been utilized in a number of ways but predominantly for food evaluation. The approach also has considerable potential to increase our understanding of, and ability to manipulate, the rumen microbial ecosystem, but most research to date has concentrated on measurement of total gas production and not composition. The aim of this study was to extend the scope of the gas production technique to the quantitation of component gases, whilst investigating ruminal gas production in the presence and absence of methano

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Palmer, M. J. A., N. S. Jessop, R. Fawcett, and A. W. Illius. "Interference of indirect gas produced by grass silage fermentation acids in an in vitro gas production technique." Animal Feed Science and Technology 123-124 (September 2005): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.04.049.

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Ayasan, Tugay, Ismail Ulger, Ayse Nuran Cil, Vincenzo Tufarelli, Vito Laudadio, and Valiollah Palangi. "Estimation of chemical composition, in vitro gas production, metabolizable energy, net energy lactation values of different peanut varieties and line by Hohenheim in vitro gas production technique." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 42, no. 2 (2021): 907–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n2p907.

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This study was carried out to determine the nutritional value of some selected peanut varieties and line in the Eastern Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute of Adana, Turkey. The peanut varieties used were Gazipasa, Sultan, NC7, Cihangir, and Halisbey; while the peanut line was DA335/2011. The chemical composition, metabolizable energy (ME), net energy lactation (NEL) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) of the selected peanut varieties and line were determined through Hohenheim in vitro gas production technique. Incubation times for Hohenheim gas production technique were 3, 6, 9,

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Theodorou, M. K., R. S. Lowman, Z. S. Davies, D. Cuddeford, and E. Owen. "Principles of techniques that rely on gas measurement in ruminant nutrition." BSAP Occasional Publication 22 (1998): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00032274.

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Abstract In vitro gas production techniques have become popular for characterizing the rate and extent of digestion of ruminant foods. In a typical gas production study, gas (predominantly carbon dioxide) is produced as particles of substrate are fermented by rumen micro-organisms in a bicarbonate buffered culture medium. Innovations in equipment design, including automated pressure recording systems and mathematical descriptions of the gas production profiles themselves, make the techniques both simple and precise and therefore good as laboratory procedure. The technique of measuring gas is o

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Furtado, C. E., D. M. S. S. Vitti, I. C. S. Bueno, et al. "Gas production technique in the evaluation of horse feeds using equine faeces and rumen liquid as inoculum source 1. Fermentation kinetics." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2005 (2005): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200010218.

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The in vitro gas production is a widely used technique for the evaluation of feeds for ruminant animals. Although it measures rate and extension of gas production during feed fermentation in culture medium, rumen inoculum from operated animals (fistulae) is required. Faecal microorganisms function similarly to those in the rumen; they decompose feed and do not require operated animals. The objective of the present experiment was to compare rumen liquor and equine faeces as source of inoculum in the gas production technique.

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Lobo, Richard R., Marcos I. Marcondes, Paulo H. Rodrigues, Antonio Faciola, Rafael Pinheiro, and Ives C. Bueno. "PSXII-36 Modelling in vitro gas production kinetics of fresh alfalfa incubated with inocula from five ruminant species." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (2019): 427–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.847.

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Abstract The objective was to identify the non-linear model with the best fit for cumulative gas production from fermentation of fresh alfalfa, with or without tannin extract, incubated with rumen fluid from five different species of ruminants. Fifteen animals (Taurine and Zebuine cattle, water buffaloes, sheep and goats) were used as inoculum donors. During incubation, 500 mg of fresh alfalfa, with or without 150 mg of acacia tannin extract, were used as substrate in the semi-automated gas production technique. Experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement with five

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Bakhshali, Khodaparast, Salamat Doust Nobar Ramin, Maheri Sis Naser, Salamat Azar Mohammad, and Taher Maddah Mohammad. "Nutritional evaluation of treated canola straw for ruminants using in vitro gas production technique." African Journal of Biotechnology 10, no. 66 (2011): 14218–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajb11.1631.

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Calabrò, Serena, Raffaella Tudisco, Anna Balestrieri, Giovanni Piccolo, Federico Infascelli, and Monica Isabella Cutrignelli. "Fermentation characteristics of different grain legumes cultivars with the in vitro gas production technique." Italian Journal of Animal Science 8, sup2 (2009): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2009.s2.280.

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Amaral, A. P. S. F., S. G. Coelho, T. R. Tomich, et al. "Use of F57 bags by the semi-automatic in vitro technique of gas production." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 66, no. 6 (2014): 1936–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-6978.

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., A. Kamalak, O. Canbolat ., Y. Gurbuz ., O. Ozay ., and E. Ozkose . "Variation In Metabolizable Energy Content of Forages Estimated Using in vitro Gas Production Technique." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 7, no. 4 (2004): 601–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2004.601.605.

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Tudisco, R., S. Calabrò, V. Terzi, et al. "Comparison Among Bt-Corn and Several Corn Cultivars by In Vitro Gas Production Technique." Journal of Nutritional Ecology and Food Research 2, no. 1 (2014): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnef.2014.1058.

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Karlsson, L., M. Hetta, P. Udén, and K. Martinsson. "New methodology for estimating rumen protein degradation using the in vitro gas production technique." Animal Feed Science and Technology 153, no. 3-4 (2009): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2009.06.010.

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Amanzougarene, Zahia, and Manuel Fondevila. "Fitting of the In Vitro Gas Production Technique to the Study of High Concentrate Diets." Animals 10, no. 10 (2020): 1935. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10101935.

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In vitro rumen fermentation systems are often adapted to forage feeding conditions, with pH values ranging in a range close to neutrality (between 6.5 and 7.0). Several attempts using different buffers have been made to control incubation pH in order to evaluate microbial fermentation under conditions simulating high concentrate feeding, but results have not been completely successful because of rapid exhaustion of buffering capacity. Recently, a modification of bicarbonate ion concentration in the buffer of incubation solution has been proposed, which, together with using rumen inoculum from

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Sharifi, M., A. Taghizadeh, A. A. Khadem, A. Hosseinkhani, and H. Mohammadzadeh. "Effects of nitrate supplementation and forage level on gas production, nitrogen balance and dry-matter degradation in sheep." Animal Production Science 59, no. 3 (2019): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an17759.

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The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of nitrate supplementation on dry-matter (DM) degradation and ruminal fermentation parameters by using in vitro gas production and in situ technique. In vitro gas production and in situ DM degradation in the presence or absence of nitrate were recorded at all incubation times. At all incubation times, diets incubated with nitrate gave a significantly lower gas production than did the other diets, except at 2-h incubation. Ruminal DM degradation did not differ among the experimental treatments. Furthermore, at most incubation times, total v

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Fakhri, S., A. R. Moss, D. I. Givens, and E. Owen. "Concentrate foods: is all degraded organic matter fermented?" BSAP Occasional Publication 22 (1998): 262–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00032808.

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The in situ and in vitro techniques have been adopted to estimate the degradability of organic matter (OM) in the rumen on the basis that this provides an estimate of ATP for microbial protein synthesis. However this assumption may be incorrect since ATP production requires the fermentation of degraded carbohydrate and Beever (1993) has shown that some degraded hexose can be used synthetically without ATP production. In addition, degraded OM from protein is likely to produce less ATP than the same amount of degraded carbohydrate. The gas production (GP) technique measures end products of ferme

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Besharati, M., A. Taghizadeh, and A. Ansari. "Effect of adding different levels of probiotic on in vitro gas production." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2009 (April 2009): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175275620003026x.

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Probiotics present an attractive alternative to the use of chemical and hormonal promoters in the livestock growth production industry. Preparations that contain micro-organisms have been safely used for many years and are generally accepted by both the farmer and the final consumer. Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplementation in ruminant diets can increase DMI, production performance, cellulose degradation, and nutrient digestibility (Callaway and Martin, 1997). The gas measuring technique has been widely used for the evaluation of nutritive value of feeds. Gas measurement provides useful data o

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Lister, S. J., M. S. Dhanoa, J. L. Stewart, and M. Gill. "Relationship between in vitro gas production and near infrared reflectance spectra of gliricidia provenances." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 1996 (March 1996): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600031895.

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The chemical composition of tropical forages is generally more complex than that of temperate forages, yet the need for simple methods to predict nutritive value is greater. Near Infrared Reflectance (NIR) spectra could provide a possible solution. NIR has been used to predict both in vitro and in vivo digestibility (Murray, 1993). Direct calibration with in vivo parameters is ideal, but factors such as different types of forages, animals and management conditions have to be taken into consideration. The gas production technique, which may be considered as an in vitro counterpart of the dacron

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Williams, Barbara A. "Cumulative gas production: how to measure it, and what it can and cannot tell you." BSAP Occasional Publication 34 (2006): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1463981500042394.

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SummaryThe three most important factors describing the nutritive value of ruminant feeds are: feed intake, rumen fermentation, and enzymatic digestion. Animal experiments are usually expensive and time-consuming, so many in vitro techniques have been developed which are supposed to assist in the prediction of nutritive value, usually of rumen fermentation. One of these is the measurement of gas production from the substrate when incubated with a specific inoculum. The cumulative gas production technique measures gas at regular intervals in time, as an indicator of the kinetics of fermentation.

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