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Books on the topic 'In vivo electrophysiology recording'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Improved nerve signal recording: Methods and analogue circuits. Konstanz: Hartung-Gorre, 2005.

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1988), Freiburg Focus on Biomeasurement (4th. Electrodes for stimulation and bioelectric potential recording: 4th Freisburg Focus on Biomeasurement, Februar [sic] 22nd and 23rd, 1988. March: Biomesstechnik-Verlag March GmbH, 1988.

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Ferster, David. Patch Clamp Recording in Vivo. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199939800.003.0002.

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Patch clamp recording in vivo allows an investigator to study intracellular membrane potentials in an intact organism (as opposed to cells in culture or acute brain slices). This technique is a reliable method of obtaining high-quality intracellular recordings from neurons, regardless of their size, in several parts of the mammalian brain. This chapter will describe the principles and practice of performing patch clamp experiments in vivo, beginning with a brief history of the technological developments that have made this technique possible.

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Electrophysiological Recording Techniques. Humana Press, 2010.

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Tseng, Hua-an, Richie E. Kohman, and Xue Han. Optogenetics and Electrophysiology. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199939800.003.0009.

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Throughout the history of neuroscience, electrophysiological and imaging techniques have been utilized to observe neural signals at various spatial and temporal scales. However, it has been difficult to manipulate the activity of specific cells or neural circuits with the spatial and temporal resolutions relevant to neural coding. A novel technique called optogenetics, has recently been developed to control the activity of specific cells. This technique allows rapid and reversible optical activation or silencing of specific cells, which have been genetically transduced with light-sensitive molecules. The development of microbial opsin-based optogenetic molecular sensors has made optogenetics easily adaptable in various in vivo and in vitro preparations, and the technique has already been applied to understand neural circuit mechanisms of many behaviors and diseases. Here, we provide an introduction to optogenetics, the practical concerns in using the technique in vivo, and examples of applications that combine traditional electrophysiology techniques with optogenetics.

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(Editor), Koki Shimoji, and William D. Jr. Willis (Editor), eds. Evoked Spinal Cord Potentials: An illustrated Guide to Physiology, Pharmocology, and Recording Techniques. Springer, 2006.

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1935-, Shimoji Kōki, and Willis William D. 1934-, eds. Evoked spinal cord potentials: An illustrated guide to physiology, pharmacology, and recording techniques. Tokoyo: Springer, 2006.

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1935-, Shimoji Kōki, and Willis William D. 1934-, eds. Evoked spinal cord potentials: An illustrated guide to physiology, pharmacology, and recording techniques. Tokoyo: Springer, 2006.

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Campagnola, Luke, and Paul Manis. Patch Clamp Recording in Brain Slices. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199939800.003.0001.

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Patch clamp recording in brain slices allows unparalleled access to neuronal membrane signals in a system that approximates the in-vivo neural substrate while affording greater control of experimental conditions. In this chapter we discuss the theory, methodology, and practical considerations of such experiments including the initial setup, techniques for preparing and handling viable brain slices, and patching and recording signals. A number of practical and technical issues faced by electrophysiologists are also considered, including maintaining slice viability, visualizing and identifying healthy cells, acquiring reliable patch seals, amplifier compensation features, hardware configuration, sources of electrical noise and table vibration, as well as basic data analysis issues and some troubleshooting tips.

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Coleman, William L., and R. Michael Burger. Extracellular Single-Unit Recording and Neuropharmacological Methods. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199939800.003.0003.

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Small biogenic changes in voltage such as action potentials in neurons can be monitored using extracellular single unit recording techniques. This technique allows for investigation of neuronal electrical activity in a manner that is not disruptive to the cell membrane, and individual neurons can be recorded from for extended periods of time. This chapter discusses the basic requirements for an extracellular recording setup, including different types of electrodes, apparatus for controlling electrode position and placement, recording equipment, signal output, data analysis, and the histological confirmation of recording sites usually required for in vivo recordings. A more advanced extracellular recording technique using piggy-back style multibarrel electrodes that allows for localized pharmacological manipulation of neuronal properties is described in detail. Strategies for successful signal isolation, troubleshooting advice such as noise reduction, and suggestions for general laboratory equipment are also discussed.

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Stegeman, Dick F., and Michel J. A. M. Van Putten. Recording of neural signals, neural activation, and signal processing. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199688395.003.0005.

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This chapter discusses recording of electrophysiological signals in the context of clinical neurophysiology. We first discuss the interpretation of signals and differences between signals in terms of their underlying (electro)physiology. As a most prominent aspect of applied electrophysiology, the biophysics of volume conduction in extracellular space is discussed. We also present some basics of advanced procedures to analyse neurophysiological data. Aspects of electrical stimulation are treated too, including recent developments in diagnostic and therapeutic constant current stimulation. We finally discuss the background of hazardous electric currents and the safety of bioelectric equipment. Aspects that are relevant in the digitization and post-processing of data are briefly reviewed.

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Frost, William, and Jian-young Wu. Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199939800.003.0008.

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Voltage sensitive dye imaging (VSD) can be used to record neural activity in hundreds of locations in preparations ranging from mammalian cortex to invertebrate ganglia. Because fast VSDs respond to membrane potential changes with microsecond temporal resolution, these are better suited than calcium indicators for recording rapid neural signals. Here we describe methods for using a 464- element photodiode array and fast VSDs to record signals ranging from large scale network activity in brain slices and in vivo mammalian preparations, to action potentials in over 100 individual neurons in invertebrate ganglia.

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Vassanelli, Stefano. Implantable neural interfaces. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199674923.003.0050.

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Establishing direct communication with the brain through physical interfaces is a fundamental strategy to investigate brain function. Starting with the patch-clamp technique in the seventies, neuroscience has moved from detailed characterization of ionic channels to the analysis of single neurons and, more recently, microcircuits in brain neuronal networks. Development of new biohybrid probes with electrodes for recording and stimulating neurons in the living animal is a natural consequence of this trend. The recent introduction of optogenetic stimulation and advanced high-resolution large-scale electrical recording approaches demonstrates this need. Brain implants for real-time neurophysiology are also opening new avenues for neuroprosthetics to restore brain function after injury or in neurological disorders. This chapter provides an overview on existing and emergent neurophysiology technologies with particular focus on those intended to interface neuronal microcircuits in vivo. Chemical, electrical, and optogenetic-based interfaces are presented, with an analysis of advantages and disadvantages of the different technical approaches.

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Wassermann, Eric M. Direct current brain polarization. Edited by Charles M. Epstein, Eric M. Wassermann, and Ulf Ziemann. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568926.013.0007.

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The transcranial application of weak direct current (DC) to the brain is an effective neuromodulation technique that has had more than a century of experimental and therapeutic use. Focal DC brain polarization is now undergoing renewed interest, because of the wide acceptance of TMS as a research tool and candidate treatment for brain disorders. The effects of static electrical fields on cortical neurons in vivo have been known since the advent of intracellular recording. These effects are highly selective for neurons oriented longitudinally in the plane of the electric field. DC can enhance cognitive processes occurring in the treated area. The earliest clinical application of DC polarization was in the field of mood disorders. However, due to lack of temporal and spatial resolution, this technique does not appear particularly useful for exploring neurophysiological mechanisms.

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Fox, Kieran C. R. Neural Origins of Self-Generated Thought. Edited by Kalina Christoff and Kieran C. R. Fox. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190464745.013.1.

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Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has begun to narrow down the neural correlates of self-generated forms of thought, with current evidence pointing toward central roles for the default, frontoparietal, and visual networks. Recent work has linked the arising of thoughts more specifically to default network activity, but the limited temporal resolution of fMRI has precluded more detailed conclusions about where in the brain self-created mental content is generated and how this is achieved. This chapter argues that the unparalleled spatiotemporal resolution of intracranial electrophysiology (iEEG) in human epilepsy patients can begin to provide answers to questions about the specific neural origins of self-generated thought. The chapter reviews the extensive body of literature from iEEG studies over the past few decades and shows that many studies involving passive recording or direct electrical stimulation throughout the brain point to the medial temporal lobe as a key site of thought-generation.

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Beninger, Richard J. Dopamine as the dependent variable. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824091.003.0005.

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Dopamine as the dependent variable discusses how postmortem biochemistry, intracerebral microdialysis, electrophysiological recording, in vivo electrochemistry, and positron emission tomography studies provide compelling evidence that dopaminergic neurons are activated by primary rewarding stimuli including food and water and by numerous conditioned incentives, including money. Early in training, primary rewarding stimuli activate dopaminergic neurons. When a cue is reliably paired with a primary rewarding stimulus over trials, the dopamine response begins to be seen upon presentation of the cue and eventually is not seen upon presentation of the primary rewarding stimulus when it follows the cue. These conditioned cues acquire the ability to act as rewarding stimuli that can produce incentive learning. If conditioned incentive stimuli are repeatedly presented in the absence of primary incentive stimuli, they gradually lose their ability to elicit approach and other responses and to act as rewarding stimuli by producing incentive learning in their own right.

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Arnold, Monica M., Lauren M. Burgeno, and Paul E. M. Phillips. Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry in Behaving Animals. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199939800.003.0005.

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Gaining insight into the mechanisms by which neural transmission governs behavior remains a central goal of behavioral neuroscience. Multiple applications exist for monitoring neurotransmission during behavior, including fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV). This technique is an electrochemical detection method that can be used to monitor subsecond changes in concentrations of electroactive molecules such as neurotransmitters. In this technique, a triangular waveform voltage is applied to a carbon fiber electrode implanted into a selected brain region. During each waveform application, specific molecules in the vicinity of the electrode will undergo electrolysis and produce a current, which can be detected by the electrode. In order to monitor subsecond changes in neurotransmitter release, waveform application is repeated every 100 ms, yielding a 10 Hz sampling rate. This chapter describes the fundamental principles behind FSCV and the basic instrumentation required, using as an example system the detection of in vivo phasic dopamine changes in freely-moving animals over the course of long-term experiments. We explain step-by-step, how to construct and surgically implant a carbon fiber electrode that can readily detect phasic neurotransmitter fluctuations and that remains sensitive over multiple recordings across months. Also included are the basic steps for recording FSCV during behavioral experiments and how to process voltammetric data in which signaling is time-locked to behavioral events of interest. Together, information in this chapter provides a foundation of FSCV theory and practice that can be applied to the assembly of an FSCV system and execution of in vivo experiments.

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