Relevant bibliographies by topics / In-vivo Experiments

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'In-vivo Experiments'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "In-vivo Experiments"

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Bogdanova, E. V., E. I. Melnikova та A. V. Grebenshchikov. "Digestibility of β-lactoglobulin hydrolysate in in vivo experiments". Dairy Industry, № 3 (2019): 41–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31515/1019-8946-2019-3-41-42.

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Vozianov, A. F. "«Microflora» Experiment Influence of space flight factors on biological properties of human resident microflora: experiments in vivo and in vitro." Kosmìčna nauka ì tehnologìâ 6, no. 4 (2000): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/knit2000.04.144.

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Ivanov, V. V., A. V. Ratkin, lu A. Pfarger, et al. "HYPOLIPIDEMIC EFFECT OF GROSSMIZINE AT THE EXPERIMENTS IN VIVO AND IN VITRO." Siberian Medical Review, no. 6 (2015): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.20333/25000136-2015-6-43-48.

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Havlicek, V., M. Lopatarova, S. Cech, et al. "In vivo culture of bovine embryos and quality assessment of in vivo vs. in vitro produced embryos." Veterinární Medicína 50, No. 4 (2012): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5608-vetmed.

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Routine access to the bovine oviduct for in vivo culture accomplishes various demands on embryo production for scientific as well as commercial purposes. The experiments conducted in the present study focused on the efficiency of recovery methods after temporary in vivo culture of bovine embryos in oviducts of the homologous species using transvaginal endoscopy (Experiment I) and on the quality assessment of recovered blastocysts (Experiment II). In Experiment I in vitro matured oocytes were fertilized, cultured for 1 to 3 days and transferred unilaterally into the ipsilateral oviducts of 54 heifers by the means of transvaginal endoscopy. After 4 to 6 days of in vivo culture embryos were re-collected either by non-surgical flushing of uterine horns (U-group) or by combined flushing of the oviducts and uterine horns (OU-group). In total the recovery rate was 38.4% (780/2029). After flushing at day seven, 106 blastocysts (blastocyst rate: 13.6% ) were found. The additional 24 h of in vitro culture (day eight) resulted in 153 blastocysts (blastocyst rate: 19.6% ). The recovery rate in the OU-group was twice as efficient as in the U-group (390/1358 vs. 390/671, P < 0.01). The recovery rates among the different stages of transferred embryos did not differ significantly; likewise cross-effects among the stages and the recovery methods were non-significant. The recovery methods (P < 0.001) and the interaction between the recovery methods and the stages of transferred embryos (P < 0.01) had an influence on blastocyst yields on day seven (U-group 37/1358 vs. OU-group 69/671) and day eight (U-group 48/1358 vs. OU-group 105/671). In Experiment II embryo quality was assessed by the survival rate of blastocysts after freezing in ethylene glycol. Day seven embryos were produced in vitro (in vitro group D7) or by IVM/IVF followed by a combined culture procedure (2 to 3 days in vitro prior to 4 to 5 days in vivo) (in vivo group D7) or after superovulation and collection at day seven (superovulation group). Embryos from in vitro group D7 re-expanded only for 6 h after thawing, embryos from in vivo group D7 and superovulation group were alive for 24 h and 72 h of culture, respectively. Only embryos derived by superovulation showed hatching activity. Blastocysts from the in vitro group D7 and the in vivo group D7 that were held in culture medium for additional 24 h (day eight) showed an analogous post-thawing culture behaviour. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that some embryos transferred for in vivo culture remain in the oviduct even at day seven. Hence, combined flushing of oviducts and uterine horns after in vivo culture in the bovine oviduct is necessary for effective embryo re-collection. The quality of recovered embryos after temporary in vivo culture assessed by cryotolerance was in-between those produced in vitro or recovered after superovulation.
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Yonezawa, T., Y. Abe, T. Mabuchi, et al. "The theraphy of disc herniation with laser: in vivo experiments." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR LASER SURGERY AND MEDICINE 9, no. 3 (1988): 225–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2530/jslsm1980.9.3_225.

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Xavier, Fatima Grace, Anbarasan Balu, Shanmuganathan Seetharaman, Akila Lakshmikandhan, and Arul Amutha Elizabeth Lawrence. "Alternatives to In vivo Experiments – A Pandect." Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 12, no. 9 (2019): 4575. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-360x.2019.00786.8.

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Buss, Sarah. "Experiments In Vivo, In Vitro, and In Cathedra." Ethics 124, no. 4 (2014): 860–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/675874.

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Astolfo, A., E. Schültke, R. H. Menk, C. Hall, B. Juurlink, and F. Arfelli. "X-ray cell tracking: from ex-vivo to in-vivo experiments." Journal of Instrumentation 8, no. 06 (2013): C06010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/8/06/c06010.

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Graf, Laurie L., David A. Young, David C. Kressin, Richard A. Marlar, Ginette B. Jacob, and Peter H. Hinderling. "Importance of Using Controls in in Vivo Experiments." Radiology 233, no. 1 (2004): 297–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2331040521.

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Sheu, Joen R., George Hsiao, Yen M. Lee, and Mao H. Yen. "Antithrombotic Effects of Tetramethylpyrazine in In Vivo Experiments." International Journal of Hematology 73, no. 3 (2001): 393–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02981969.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "In-vivo Experiments"

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Graves, S., C. Lewis, H. Valdovinos, et al. "In vivo cell tracking with 52Mn PET: Targetry, Separation, and Applications." Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:d120-qucosa-166432.

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Introduction 52Mn (t½ =5.59 d, β+ = 29.6%, Eβmax = 0.58 MeV) has great potential as a long lived PET isotope for use in cell tracking studies, observation of immunologic response to disease states, or as an alternative to manganese-based MRI contrast agents. Its favorable max positron energy leads to superb imaging resolution, comparable to that of 18F.[1] Manganese is naturally taken up by cells via a multitude of pathways including the divalent metal transporter (DMT1), ZIP8, transferrin receptors (TfR), store-operated Ca2+ channels (SOC-Ca2+), and ionotropic glutamate receptor Ca2+ channels (GluR).[2] These natural transport mechanisms make 52Mn an attractive isotope for applications necessitating non-perturbative cell uptake. In particular, cell tracking is critical to the development and translation of stem cell therapies in regenerative medicine. Alternative-ly, 52Mn could be used in immunotherapy techniques such as adoptive cellular therapy (ACT) to evaluate the ability of external immune cells to reach their intended target. Material and Methods 52Mn was produced by natCr(p,x)52Mn using 16 MeV protons. The average thick target production yield was 0.23 mCi/µA-h with less than 0.25% co-production of 54Mn. Small amounts of 51Cr were observed in the target, but were absent from the radiochemically separated product. Target construction consisted of a water jet cooled chromium disc (3/4” diameter, 0.4” thick). Targets were purchased from Kamis Inc, and are 99.95% pure. Targets withstood beam currents of 30 µA with no visible aberration. Chromium targets were etched by concentrated HCl following bombardment. Mn2+ ions were extracted from 9M HCl to 0.8M trioctylamine in cyclohexane leaving the bulk chromium in the aqueous phase. After isolating the organic phase, 0.001M NH4OH was used to back-extract the Mn2+ ions to aqueous phase. This purification cycle was conducted a total of three times for each 52Mn production. Results and Conclusion For a starting bulk chromium mass of 456 ± 1 mg, a post-separation chromium mass of 5.35 ± 0.04 ng was measured by microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometry (MP-AES). This mass reduction corresponds to an average separation factor of 440 for a single purification cycle. Each purification cycle had a 52Mn recovery efficiency of 73 ± 7 % (n = 6), resulting in an overall separation efficiency of approximately 35 %. These efficiencies and separation factors agree reasonably well with the work conducted by Lahiri et. al.[3] Prior to use, the product was passed through a C-18 Sep-Pak to remove any residual organic phase. After four target irradiations and etchings, some pitting became noticeable on the target face. These have not yet compromised the o-ring seal with the target deplater, but it is possible that target replacement after every 6–9 52Mn productions will be necessary moving forward. Following the successful separation of 52Mn from chromium, in vitro experiments were conducted to demonstrate the uptake of 52Mn by human stem cells and mouse tumor cells. A linear uptake response was observed as a function of the amount of activity exposed to the cells for both cell models. These experiments have shown great promise for 52Mn as a long-lived PET isotope in cell tracking studies. Details will be presented.
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Öhrvik, Veronica. "Folate bioavailability in vitro experiments and human trials /." Uppsala : Dept. of Food Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2009. http://epsilon.slu.se/200963.pdf.

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Coiado, Olívia Campos. "Efeitos do ultrassom de potência sobre o coração = experimentos in vitro e in vivo = Effect of high power ultrasound on the heart : in vitro and in vivo experiments." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/260724.

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Orientador: Eduardo Tavares Costa, Rosana Almada Bassani<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T23:52:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Coiado_OliviaCampos_D.pdf: 1523563 bytes, checksum: 0c49e56163206a06aa60778d17bb44bc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012<br>Resumo: Nos últimos anos, o uso do ultrassom em diagnóstico e terapia vem crescendo e novas técnicas vêm sendo aprimoradas e desenvolvidas para novos tipos de aplicações, como por exemplo, em tratamento alternativo de insuficiência cardíaca. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar efeitos biológicos (in vitro e in vivo) em decorrência de exposição do coração de ratos a ondas ultrassônicas (frequência central 1 MHz), a fim de identificar padrões de estimulação que possam ser deletérios ou que possam ser usados terapeuticamente para distúrbios do ritmo cardíaco. Nos experimentos in vitro 7 corações isolados perfundidos de ratas, foram estimulados por 30 s com bursts de intensidade variando entre 0,6 até 8,00 W. Foi observado efeito cronotrópico negativo (sem efeito inotrópico) mais consistente (15-20%) na frequência de estimulação de 3 Hz e intensidades entre 0,62 até 5,54 W, porém este efeito foi transitório e não dependeu do duty cycle utilizado. Observaram-se arritmias na presença do ultrassom, mas não houve variação significativa de temperatura. Nos experimentos in vivo foram utilizadas 20 ratas, os corações foram estimulados por 10 s com bursts de 2-3 MPa. Os experimentos in vivo foram divididos em 5 grupos cada um composto de 5 animais: 1) preliminar; 2) controle ultrassom; 3) ultrassom; 4) controle vagotomizado e 5) ultrassom vagotomizado. No grupo preliminar dos experimentos observou-se o efeito cronotrópico negativo do ultrassom (redução de ~7 % da frequência cardíaca basal logo após a aplicação do ultrassom), relatado previamente. Para os demais grupos, em que se tentou determinar uma possível variação na pressão arterial e a influência do sistema parassimpático sobre o efeito cronotrópico negativo, não foram observadas variações significativas das variáveis estudadas. Estudos adicionais são necessários para esclarecimento dos efeitos da aplicação do ultrassom de alta potência sobre o coração de ratos<br>Abstract: In recent years, the use of ultrasound in diagnosis and therapy is increasing and new techniques have been improved and developed for new applications as, for instance, in alternative treatment of heart failure. The goal of this study was to investigate the biological effects (in vitro and in vivo) on rat heart of ultrasound waves (1 MHz center frequency) in order to identify stimulatory patterns that may be damaging or that may be used therapeutically for heart rhythm disturbances. In the in vitro experiments, 7 isolated perfused rat hearts, were stimulated with ultrasound bursts for 30 s and intensity ranging from 0.6 to 8 W. Negative chronotropic effect was observed (without inotropic effect) more consistently (15-20%) at the stimulatory frequency of 3 Hz with intensities of 0.62 to 5.54 W but this effect was transient and not dependent on the duty cycle used. We observed arrhythmia in the presence of ultrasound, but no significant variation in temperature. In the in vivo experiments 20 rat hearts were stimulated for 10 s with ultrasound bursts of 2-3 MPa. The experiments were divided into five groups each consisting of 5 animals: 1) preliminary, 2) ultrasound control, 3) ultrasound, 4) vagotomy, control and 5) vagotomy, ultrasound. The preliminary group of experiments, we observed the negative chronotropic effect of ultrasound (~ 7% decrease in heart rate immediately after application of ultrasound), previously reported. In the other groups, in which we have tried to determine the possible variation in blood pressure and the influence of the parasympathetic system on the negative chronotropic effect, there were no significant changes in the variables studied. Additional studies are needed to clarify the effects of high power ultrasound application on rat heart<br>Doutorado<br>Engenharia Biomedica<br>Doutora em Engenharia Elétrica
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Leding, Albin. "Optimized design recommendation for first pharmacokinetic in vivo experiments for new tuberculosis drugs using pharmacometrics modelling and simulation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för farmaci, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447311.

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Tuberculosis, the leading cause of death by a single infection disease caused by bacteria, requires long treatments and the bacteria are prone to develop drug resistance. Therefore, new efficient treatment regiments needs developing, which requires new tools for drug development. A major reason for discontinuance of a drug under development is undesired pharmacokinetic properties. Therefore, it is important to have early information of this, preferably the first time the drug is tested in animals. The first in vivo pharmacokinetic experiment is often done in mice and the only information present at this stage are often in vitro values and physicochemical properties. Physiological-based pharmacokinetic modelling can be used to extrapolate from in vitro to in vivo values. From this, the first in vivo pharmacokinetic experiment can be designed, often with the goal of reducing the amount of mice. This goal is one of the three R.s and it is called Reduction. To explore the Reduction of an experiment population pharmacokinetic modelling can be utilized via exploration of the imprecision, bias and probability of an informative experiment to evaluate if a design meets the goal of Reduction. In this report a recommendation of the first in vivo pharmacokinetic experiment is presented. This is based on in vitro values and physicochemical properties that are common in anti-tuberculosis drugs. If the probability of an informative experiment is critical, a terminal sampling of 40 mice is recommended. If imprecision and bias are necessary, zipper sampling of 10 mice is recommended.
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Meunier, Marine. "Recherche et caractérisation d'antigènes vaccinaux contre Campylobacter par vaccinologie inverse." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1B010/document.

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Les campylobactérioses sont les infections intestinales bactériennes d’origine alimentaire les plus fréquemment rapportées au sein de l’Union Européenne et sont principalement associées à la consommation de viande de volailles. Une diminution de la colonisation intestinale des volailles par Campylobacter de 2 à 3 log10 UCF/g permettrait de réduire l’incidence des cas humains de 76 à 100 %. La vaccination aviaire constitue un moyen de lutte potentiel mais, malgré de nombreuses études, aucun vaccin commercial n’est actuellement disponible. L’objectif de ce projet a été d’identifier de nouveaux antigènes vaccinaux contre Campylobacter en appliquant la stratégie de la vaccinologie inverse et d’évaluer leurs pouvoirs immunogène et protecteur contre la colonisation intestinale des volailles. Sur la base de leur localisation subcellulaire, leur antigénicité, leur densité en épitopes B et leur homologie de séquence avec l’ensemble des souches de C. jejuni et C. coli, quatorze antigènes ont été sélectionnés. Six d’entre eux ont été produits et testés in vivo en appliquant un protocole vaccinal optimisé. Quatre antigènes ont montré des diminutions significatives de la charge intestinale des oiseaux de 2 à 4,2 log10 UFC/g associées à l’induction de réponses humorales spécifiques. L’immunogénicité de ces candidats vaccins et l’efficacité protectrice de deux antigènes ont été observées à nouveau. Ces premiers résultats montrent l’intérêt et la fiabilité de la vaccinologie inverse. L’évaluation du potentiel vaccinal de ces nouveaux antigènes doit être poursuivie et approfondie lors de futures expérimentations<br>Campylobacteriosis is the most prevalent bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis reported in the European Union and is mainly associated to consumption of poultry meat. Reducing the intestinal colonization of broilers by Campylobacter from 2 to 3 log10 CFU/g could decrease human cases incidence by 76 to 100%. Vaccination of poultry could be a potential strategy but despite many studies, no efficient vaccine is available yet. The aim of this project was to identify new vaccine antigens against Campylobacter using the reverse vaccinology strategy and to assess their immune and protective powers against the avian intestinal colonization. Based on their sub-cellular localization, immunogenicity, B-epitopes density and their sequence conservation among C. jejuni and C. coli strains, fourteen antigens were selected. Six out of them were produced and in vivo tested according to an optimized avian vaccine protocol. Four antigens showed intestinal load decreases from 2 to 4.2 log10 CFU/g correlated with the induction of specific humoral responses. Vaccine candidates’ immunogenicity and the protective efficiency of two antigens were observed again. These first results highlight the interest and reliability of the reverse vaccinology. The assessment of these new antigens vaccine potential needs to be continued and deepened in next experiments
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Petekkaya, Ali Tolga. "In Vivo Indenter Experiments On Soft Biological Tissues For Identification Of Material Models And Corresponding Parameters." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610071/index.pdf.

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Soft biological tissues, being live and due to their physiological structures, display considerably complex mechanical behaviors. For a better understanding and use in various applications, first study to be carried out is the tests made particularly as in vivo. An indenter test device developed for this purpose in the METU, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomechanics Laboratory is operational. In this study, in order to carry out precise and dependable tests, initially, various tests and improvements were conducted on the device and the software controlling the device. At the end of this study, displacement and load measurement accuracies and precisions were improved. Better algorithms for filtering the noisy data were prepared. Some test protocols within the software were improved and new protocols were annexed. To be able to conduct more dependable tests a new connection system was attached to the device. In order to study the anisotropic behavior of soft tissues ellipsoid tips were designed and produced. In the second phase of the study, tests on medial forearm were carried out. In these tests, hysteresis, relaxation and creep behaviors displaying the viscoelastic v properties of the soft biological tissues were observed. In addition to viscoelastic behaviors, preconditioning (Mullin&amp<br>#8217<br>s) effect and anisotropic response were examined. By using the results of the relaxation and creep tests, parameters of the Prony series capable of modelling these data were determined. With this study, some important conclusions regarding the soft biological tissues were drawn and thus the behaviors of the soft biological tissues were better understood. Besides, the difficulties inherent to in-vivo tests were recognized and actions to reduce these difficulties were explained. Finally, clean experimental data, to be used in the computer simulations, were obtained.
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Zhou, Xin. "In silico investigations into human ventricular pro-arrhythmic mechanisms combined with in vivo and in vitro experiments." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b36acc5e-d6d6-4369-b0a4-3a868b5fcf0f.

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Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is one of the largest causes of natural mortality throughout the world. SCD can be triggered through ventricular arrhythmias due to many pathological conditions, including coronary artery diseases, arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathies and genetic mutations of ionic channel proteins. Although considerable research has been conducted to study proarrhythmic mechanisms, most studies were in animal models due to ethical limitations in human cardiac research. Therefore, more research is needed to investigate the proarrhythmic ionic mechanisms in human. In this thesis, we use biophysically-detailed models of human cardiac electrophysiology to explore the ionic mechanisms underlying several proarrhythmic conditions. A first study is to use traditional modeling approach to explore the effect of ionic remodelling in human epicardial border zone (EBZ) cells post myocardial infarction by introducing the analogous remodelling observed in canine. Sensitivity analysis of the human EBZ models leads to our interest in developing new techniques to include general variability into human cardiac electrophysiology research. Therefore, a novel methodology to include the effect of in vivo cardiac variability in human electrophysiology is developed in this study by constructing a population of models calibrated using in vivo human data. The experimentally-calibrated population of human ventricular cell models is then applied to investigate the proarrhythmic ionic mechanisms underlying cardiac alternans, and to test the effects of potential anti-arrhythmic drug therapies on alternans. We then explore the interaction between cardiac variability and a mutation of slow delayed rectifier potassium channel. Our simulation results reveal the complex interactions between different ionic components in the integrated electrophysiological system, highlighting the importance of cardiac variability in the development of proarrhythmic conditions.
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Podwojewski, Florence. "Caractérisation biomécanique globale de la paroi abdominale saine, lésée et réparée : de l’ex vivo à l’in vivo." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10270.

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Les données sur le comportement biomécanique de la paroi abdominale restent limitées. Cette méconnaissance est un facteur limitant pour le développement de modèles numériques de cette région anatomique. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’apporter des données quantitatives sur le comportement biomécanique de la paroi abdominale, en adoptant une approche expérimentale globale allant de l’ex vivo à l’in vivo. Dans un premier temps, un protocole de caractérisation ex vivo est mis au point et validé sur des spécimens porcins, puis appliqué à des échantillons humains. Ce protocole permet de tester une même paroi abdominale sous deux types de sollicitation (pression et contact) dans le domaine élastique. Il permet également d’évaluer l’influence d’une lésion et d’une réparation avec un implant chirurgical, sur la réponse mécanique de la paroi. Des mesures par corrélation d’images 3D réalisées simultanément sur les surfaces internes et externes quantifient les différences de distribution des déformations de la paroi abdominale. Dans un second temps, des examens in vivo sur volontaires permettent de prendre en compte l’activité musculaire. Une raideur locale est ainsi évaluée pour diverses activités physiologiques, raideur qui augmente en fonction du niveau de contraction jusqu’à 6 fois la valeur au repos. En résumé, cette recherche propose une méthodologie pour mieux comprendre le comportement mécanique global de la paroi abdominale. Cette méthodologie peut être déclinée, afin d’étudier l’influence des différents composants de la paroi. Au-delà de cette thèse, ces données contribueront à la construction et la validation d’un modèle numérique de la paroi abdominale<br>Data on the biomechanical behaviour of the abdominal wall are limited. This lack of knowledge is a limiting factor for the development of numerical models of this anatomical area. Therefore, the objective of this thesis is to provide quantitative data on the biomechanical behaviour of the abdominal wall, adopting a global experimental approach ranging from ex vivo to in vivo. As a first step, a protocol for ex vivo characterization is develop and validated on porcine specimens and then applied to human anatomical specimens. This protocol allows testing a same abdominal wall under two loading types (pressure and contact) in the elastic range. It also enables to assess the influence of an incision and of a repair with a surgical implant on the mechanical response. Measurements by 3D digital image correlation performed simultaneously on the internal and external surfaces quantify differences in strain distribution of the abdominal wall. As a second step, in vivo examinations on volunteers enable to take into account muscle activity. A local stiffness is thus assessed for various physiological activities. This stiffness increases with the level of muscle contraction and reaches on average six times the stiffness at rest. In conclusion, this research proposes a methodology to better understand the global mechanical behaviour of the abdominal wall. This methodology can now be used in order to study the influence of the different components of the abdominal wall. Beyond this thesis, these data will contribute to the construction and validation of a numerical model of the abdominal wall
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Santoro, Davide. "Optimisation of indirect detected ¹³C spectroscopy and micro-imaging experiments for in vivo applications in plants." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407096.

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Ringer, Geoffrey Wadsworth. "Evaluation of Graft Pretension Effects in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Series of In Vitro and In Vivo Experiments." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40494.

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The purpose of this dissertation was to study the effects of graft pretension in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction through a series of experiments. First, an in vitro study of 5 human knees was conducted to determine if intact joint kinematics could be restored when using the ideal graft - the intrinsic ACL. The ACL tibial insertion site was freed, and pretensions of 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 N were applied to the ligament using a custom designed load cell connection. Kinematics during a simulated active extension were compared to those of the intact knee. Intact knee kinematics were not restored. Pretensions that best restored tibial anterior/posterior translation and internal/external rotation ranged from 0-40 N. Furthermore, the pretensions that best restored these kinematic variables were widely disparate in two specimens. Second, the in vitro kinematics during a simulated active extension of human and porcine knees were compared and contrasted both prior to and following transection of the ACL. The ACL limited: (1) tibial anterior translation in both species, (2) tibial internal rotation in humans, and (3) tibial external rotation in pigs. Differences in kinematic patterns for tibial internal/external rotation and abduction/adduction between the species was explained by requirements for biped and quadruped stances. Third, the mechanical characteristics of porcine patellar tendon (PT) were investigated by uniaxial tensile testing at two strain rates. Patella-PT-tibia complexes from freshly sacrificed skeletally immature and mature animals were loaded to failure at elongation rates of 20 and 200 mm/min. Both strain rate and skeletal maturity significantly affected failure mode, tangent modulus, and ultimate stress of the tendons, and hence are important considerations in the mechanical evaluation of porcine PT. Fourth, ACL reconstructions were performed using pretensions of 10 or 20 N in an in vivo porcine model with a specially designed load cell/telemetry system to monitor graft load. Graft pretension was seen to increase during fixation with interference screws. Following sacrifice at 4 weeks, tissues were mechanically, histologically, and biochemically analyzed. A pretension of 20 N resulted in a tissue more similar to the intrinsic ACL.<br>Ph. D.
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Books on the topic "In-vivo Experiments"

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R, Welch D., and Burger Max M, eds. Cancer metastasis: In vitro and in vivo experimental approaches. Elsevier, 2000.

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Charabi, Samih. Acoustic neuroma/vestibular Schwannoma in vivo and in vitro growth models: A clinical and experimental study. Scandinavian University Press, 1997.

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Ferster, David. Patch Clamp Recording in Vivo. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199939800.003.0002.

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Patch clamp recording in vivo allows an investigator to study intracellular membrane potentials in an intact organism (as opposed to cells in culture or acute brain slices). This technique is a reliable method of obtaining high-quality intracellular recordings from neurons, regardless of their size, in several parts of the mammalian brain. This chapter will describe the principles and practice of performing patch clamp experiments in vivo, beginning with a brief history of the technological developments that have made this technique possible.
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Campagnola, Luke, and Paul Manis. Patch Clamp Recording in Brain Slices. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199939800.003.0001.

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Patch clamp recording in brain slices allows unparalleled access to neuronal membrane signals in a system that approximates the in-vivo neural substrate while affording greater control of experimental conditions. In this chapter we discuss the theory, methodology, and practical considerations of such experiments including the initial setup, techniques for preparing and handling viable brain slices, and patching and recording signals. A number of practical and technical issues faced by electrophysiologists are also considered, including maintaining slice viability, visualizing and identifying healthy cells, acquiring reliable patch seals, amplifier compensation features, hardware configuration, sources of electrical noise and table vibration, as well as basic data analysis issues and some troubleshooting tips.
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Arnold, Monica M., Lauren M. Burgeno, and Paul E. M. Phillips. Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry in Behaving Animals. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199939800.003.0005.

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Gaining insight into the mechanisms by which neural transmission governs behavior remains a central goal of behavioral neuroscience. Multiple applications exist for monitoring neurotransmission during behavior, including fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV). This technique is an electrochemical detection method that can be used to monitor subsecond changes in concentrations of electroactive molecules such as neurotransmitters. In this technique, a triangular waveform voltage is applied to a carbon fiber electrode implanted into a selected brain region. During each waveform application, specific molecules in the vicinity of the electrode will undergo electrolysis and produce a current, which can be detected by the electrode. In order to monitor subsecond changes in neurotransmitter release, waveform application is repeated every 100 ms, yielding a 10 Hz sampling rate. This chapter describes the fundamental principles behind FSCV and the basic instrumentation required, using as an example system the detection of in vivo phasic dopamine changes in freely-moving animals over the course of long-term experiments. We explain step-by-step, how to construct and surgically implant a carbon fiber electrode that can readily detect phasic neurotransmitter fluctuations and that remains sensitive over multiple recordings across months. Also included are the basic steps for recording FSCV during behavioral experiments and how to process voltammetric data in which signaling is time-locked to behavioral events of interest. Together, information in this chapter provides a foundation of FSCV theory and practice that can be applied to the assembly of an FSCV system and execution of in vivo experiments.
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Odds, Frank C. Pathogenesis of fungal disease. Edited by Christopher C. Kibbler, Richard Barton, Neil A. R. Gow, Susan Howell, Donna M. MacCallum, and Rohini J. Manuel. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198755388.003.0008.

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The pathogenesis of fungal disease involves an interplay between fungal virulence factors and host immune responses. Most fungal pathogens are opportunists that preferentially invade hosts with immune defects, but the fact that relative pathogenicity varies between fungal species (and even between different strains within a species) is evidence that fungi have evolved multiple, different molecular virulence factors. Experiments in which genes encoding putative virulence attributes are specifically disrupted and the resulting mutants are tested for virulence in a range of vertebrate and invertebrate hosts have identified or confirmed many gene products as significant for the pathogenesis of various types of fungal disease. These include factors determining fungal shape in vivo, biofilm formation, and a plethora of surface components, including adhesins and hydrolytic enzymes. This chapter provides an overview of fungal virulence attributes.
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(Editor), Claude L. Malmendier, P. Alaupovic (Editor), and H. Bryan Brewer (Editor), eds. Hypercholesterolemia, Hypocholesterolemia, Hypertriglyceridemia, In Vivo Kinetics (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology). Springer, 1991.

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(Editor), Virginia J. Savin, and Thomas B. Wiegmann (Editor), eds. New in Vivo and in Vitro Imaging Techniques (International Review of Experimental Pathology). Academic Pr, 1996.

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(Editor), E. Heinen, M. P. Defresne (Editor), J. Boniver (Editor), and V. Geenen (Editor), eds. In vivo Immunology: Regulatory Process During Lymphopoiesis Immunopoiesis (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology). Springer, 1994.

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Dymarkowski, Steven. In Vivo Analysis & Characterization of Myocardial Ischemia & Infarction: Experimental Mri-Studies (Acta Biomedica Lovaniensia, 288). Leuven Univ Pr, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "In-vivo Experiments"

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Dunn, Jeff F., and Harold M. Swartz. "Combining NMR and EPR/ESR for in Vivo Experiments." In In Vivo EPR (ESR). Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0061-2_21.

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Guthoff, Rudolf F., Christophe Baudouin, and Joachim Stave. "Confocal In Vivo Microscopy in Animal Experiments." In Atlas of Confocal Laser Scanning In-vivo Microscopy in Ophthalmology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-32707-x_8.

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Peschke, P., E. W. Hahn, and G. Wolber. "In Vivo Experiments Using Interstitial Radiation and Hyperthermia." In Interstitial and Intracavitary Thermoradiotherapy. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84801-8_2.

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Wiechert, W., and A. A. de Graaf. "In vivo stationary flux analysis by 13C labeling experiments." In Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0102334.

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Swicord, Mays L., and Joseph J. Morrissey. "In Vivo Laboratory Experiments Related to Cellular Telephone Communications." In Electricity and Magnetism in Biology and Medicine. Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4867-6_24.

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Arunachalam, Karuppusamy, and Sreeja Puthanpura Sasidharan. "Experiments of Anti-Cancer Activities (In Vitro and In Vivo)." In Springer Protocols Handbooks. Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1233-0_19.

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Reyes-Lamothe, Rodrigo. "Use of Fluorescently Tagged SSB Proteins in In Vivo Localization Experiments." In Single-Stranded DNA Binding Proteins. Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-032-8_19.

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Mamotyuk, E. M., V. K. Klochkov, G. V. Grygorova, S. L. Yefimova, and Yu V. Malyukin. "Radioprotective Effect of CeO2 and GdEuVO4 Nanoparticles in “In Vivo” Experiments." In Nanoscience Advances in CBRN Agents Detection, Information and Energy Security. Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9697-2_20.

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Krafft, A. J., F. Maier, J. W. Jenne, et al. "Robotically Assisted Focal Spot Scanning MRgFUS: Initial in vivo Experiments." In IFMBE Proceedings. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03906-5_42.

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Kirchner, Marieluise, and Matthias Selbach. "In Vivo Quantitative Proteome Profiling: Planning and Evaluation of SILAC Experiments." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-885-6_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "In-vivo Experiments"

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Guo, Zijian, Changhui Li, Liang Song, and Lihong V. Wang. "Compressed sensing in photoacoustic tomography with in vivo experiments." In BiOS, edited by Alexander A. Oraevsky and Lihong V. Wang. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.841311.

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"Hemorrhage Control by Short Electrical Pulses - In Vivo Experiments." In International Conference on Biomedical Electronics and Devices. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0004190001030107.

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Williams, Joseph Jay, Korinn Ostrow, Xiaolu Xiong, et al. "Using and Designing Platforms for In Vivo Educational Experiments." In L@S 2015: Second (2015) ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale. ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2724660.2728704.

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Matsui, Yasuhiro, and Tetsuya Nishimoto. "Nerve Level Traumatic Brain Injury in in Vivo/in Vitro Experiments." In 54th Stapp Car Crash Conference. SAE International, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2010-22-0010.

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Konstantinov, Yu M. "HORIZONTAL GENE TRANSFER INTO PLANT MITOCHONDRIA IN VIVO AND IN EXPERIMENTS." In The All-Russian Scientific Conference with International Participation and Schools of Young Scientists "Mechanisms of resistance of plants and microorganisms to unfavorable environmental". SIPPB SB RAS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31255/978-5-94797-319-8-1439-1440.

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Ohta, Jun, Takahashi Tokuda, Keiichiro Kagawa, et al. "A multi-microchip retinal stimulator for in vitro / in vivo experiments." In 2007 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscas.2007.378435.

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Strizhevskaya, Viktoriya, Vladimir Salautin, Inna Simakova, Ekaterina Volf, and Maksim Maradudin. "Safety study of jelly (kissel) concentrates in the in vivo experiments." In Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium Innovations in Life Sciences (ISILS 2019). Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/isils-19.2019.79.

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Malki, Guy, Ofer Barnea, and Yossi Mandel. "Hemorrhage control by short electrical pulses — In vivo experiments." In 2012 IEEE 27th Convention of Electrical & Electronics Engineers in Israel (IEEEI 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eeei.2012.6377126.

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Togni, Paolo, Jan Vrba, and Luca Vannucci. "Applicator for In-vivo Experiments on Mice with Melanoma Tumour." In 2008 14th Conference on Microwave Techniques (COMITE 2008). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/comite.2008.4569908.

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Park, Joon Hyuk, Vincent Pieribone, and Eugenio Culurciello. "Miniature voltage sensitive dye imaging system for in vivo experiments." In 2009 IEEE/NIH Life Science Systems and Applications Workshop (LiSSA) Formerly known as LSSA and. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lissa.2009.4906712.

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