Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'In vivo Mausmodell'
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Schultheiß, Caroline. "In vivo Charakterisierung endothelialer Zellaktivierung in einem transgenen Mausmodell des Morbus Alzheimer." Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-77375.
Full textTrübenbach, Dominik [Verfasser], and Mühlen Constantin von [Akademischer Betreuer] Zur. "Molekulare MRT-Bildgebung arterieller Thromben unter dualer Plättchenhemmung im in vivo-Mausmodell." Freiburg : Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1140435442/34.
Full textBucher, Selina. "In-vivo Untersuchungen des motorischen Hirnstamms bei einem Mausmodell für Amyotrophe Lateralsklerose." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-64365.
Full textFritz, Tobias [Verfasser], and Tim [Akademischer Betreuer] Pohlemann. "In-Vivo-Degradation bioresorbierbarer Ca10-Scaffolds im Mausmodell / Tobias Fritz ; Betreuer: Tim Pohlemann." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1135956871/34.
Full textLee, Kyong-Mi. "In-vivo-Effekte von Makrophagen-aktivierendem Lipopeptid MALP-2 : Tumorsuppression beim Pankreaskarzinom im Mausmodell /." Bonn, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000253922.
Full textBergmann, Silke [Verfasser]. "In vivo Analyse der oralen Infektion mit biolumineszenten Listeria monocytogenes im Mausmodell / Silke Bergmann." Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1029609217/34.
Full textSteinhart, Alexander. "Die Rolle von Leukozyten in der Entstehung der venösen Thrombose - in vivo Untersuchungen im Mausmodell." Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-141014.
Full textLang, Cajetan. "Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie basiertes In-vivo-Imaging der initialen Retention intramyokardial injizierter Stammzellen im Mausmodell." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-172421.
Full textDettmann, Heike Monika [Verfasser], and Dominik [Akademischer Betreuer] Hartl. "Charakterisierung von enterischen neuronalen Vorläuferzellen in vitro und im in vivo-Mausmodell sowie Etablierung eines immundefizienten Morbus Hirschsprung-Mausmodells / Heike Monika Dettmann ; Betreuer: Dominik Hartl." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1196802661/34.
Full textLittmann, Leonie [Verfasser]. "Untersuchung des immunmodulatorischen Potentials von MCS-18 in vitro und in vivo im NOD-Mausmodell / Leonie Littmann." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1068537825/34.
Full textEngelhardt, Eva. "In-vivo-Untersuchung zum Einwachsverhalten eines neuen Polymers im Mausmodell unter dem Aspekt der T-Zell Defizienz." Giessen VVB Laufersweiler, 2009. http://d-nb.info/996010513/04.
Full textPichorner, Andreas [Verfasser]. "In-vivo-Imaging der Metastasierung beim kolorektalen Karzinom in einem Xenograft-Mausmodell : Einfluss des neuidentifizierten Metastasierungsgens MACC1 / Andreas Pichorner." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1027151116/34.
Full textLenze, Ulrich. "Histologische Beurteilung der in vivo Knochenneubildung besiedelter Konstrukte nach osteogener Stimulation und Beimpfung mit vaskulärem endothelialem Wachstumsfaktor (VEGF) im Mausmodell." Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-149613.
Full textBurgold, Steffen. "Charakterisierung der in vivo Wachstumskinetik amyloider Plaques und der synaptischen Pathologie mit Evaluierung eines immuntherapeutischen Ansatzes in einem Alzheimer-Mausmodell." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-162617.
Full textAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia implying big economical and emotional burden for patients, their families and the whole economy due to a generally rising life expectancy. A reduction of costs and stress urgently requires disease-modifying therapies which are currently still lacking. Maybe the most accurate explanation for the molecular cause of the disease is reflected in the amyloid-cascade hypothesis, postulating the accumulation and aggregation of the Abeta peptide as central pathogenic event. Hence, synaptic pathology caused by Abeta oligomers, inflammatory reactions due to insoluble Abeta aggregates, namely amyloid plaques, progressive damage of synapses and neurons, oxidative stress, hyperphosphorylisation of the microtubule-associated protein tau, and finally neuron loss commonly occur as a result. Moreover, the Abeta peptide is constitutively produced in the brain by sequential cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by beta- and gamma-secretase enzymes. In the present work, I studied the effects of human APP overexpression (with a Swedish mutation) on both synapses and the accumulation kinetics of amyloid plaque formation in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (Tg2576). This detailed characterization of the mouse model was then further utilized in a therapeutic study testing the passive immunization against the Abeta-peptide or Abeta oligomers. In the first part of this work, I investigated the effects of APP overexpression on dendritic spines forming the postsynaptic compartment of glutamatergic synapses on dendrites. As reporter animals, mice expressing the yellow-fluorescent protein YFP in a subset of cortical pyramidal neurons were used. Two-photon microscopy enabled the elaborate in vivo analysis of dendritic spines on apical dendrites of layer II/III and V neurons in the somatosensory cortex. Overexpression of APP induced a locally differential effect on the spine density with no changes being observed in layer II/III yet increased spine numbers calculated in layer V neurons. A more detailed characterization revealed a majority of stable spines as responsible for the rise in spine densities; however, no further changes in the spine count were detected over a period of six weeks. Moreover, dendritic spine morphology was also unaltered. Summarized, these results hint to a possible physiological role of APP and/or its proteolytic fragments at the synapse. Amyloid plaques, one of the two characteristic neuropathological hallmarks of AD, are generated by aggregation of the Abeta peptide into amyloid fibrils with a crossed beta-sheet structure. Thus, in the second part of this work, the formation and aggregation kinetics of amyloid plaques were measured by means of in vivo two-photon microscopy and repeated use of the fluorescent marker methoxy-X04. Such extensive quantitative analysis of plaque sizes, plaque growth rates and plaque densities as performed for two different age groups, depicting models for early and late stage AD pathology, allowed the most detailed in vivo characterization so far. For a precise measurement of plaque densities, in each group I analysed large brain volumes of 3 cubic millimeters. Interestingly, the complete range of plaque growth kinetics as imaged in a weekly interval for over 15,5 month showed the same trend like that of a sigmoid function, a finding that accords with in vitro studies and AD patients. Moreover, the plaque densities increased asymptotically with higher age and followed an exponential, one-phase association function. Newly-formed plaques showed by far the smallest plaque size, which also continued to rise upon ageing. In contrast, the linear plaque growth rate, measured as weekly increase in the plaque radius, decreased with increasing age of the animal. This finding was also reflected in a negative correlation between plaque growth rate and plaque density. In addition, huge plaques were produced early in the developmental phase, and the final size they reached at the end of the experiment correlated with the plaque growth rate. In the early phase of plaque formation, the plaques expanded with a maximal growth rate that was not limited by the Abeta concentration. Furthermore, the growth rates of individual plaques were widely distributed assuming the influence of local factors. This finding was supported by the long-term study over 15,5 months showing no correlation between the growth rates of neighbouring plaques. Conclusively, the results of this investigation demonstrate a growth model, in which plaques grow very slowly over longer periods until they reach equilibrium. Thus, both the described relationships and verified parallels to in vitro studies and findings in AD patients shape an important basis for the translation of results between preclinical and clinical research and for the final development of Abeta-lowering therapies. In the third part of this thesis, I analysed the effects of a passive immunization against Abeta peptides or Abeta oligomers. A two-month long antibody treatment did neither affect the plaque formation nor its growth kinetics. Moreover, Abeta oligomer assemblies as described previously in literature were not detected using in vivo visualization with a highly specific antibody against these molecular species. Instead, soluble Abeta peptides or Abeta aggregates accumulated around the plaque core as expected. At the end of the immunization study, the synaptic pathology was analysed by immunohistochemical stainings of pre- and postsynapses using the markers synapsin and PSD-95. Here, very low synapse densities were measured inside amyloid plaques, which increased asymptotically until culmination of a plateau. This analysis showed for the first time that the influenced area of toxic effects of amyloid plaques is higher for presynapses than for postsynapses, suggesting a higher sensitivity of presynapses. Apart from plaques, the synapse densities were lower in AD mice compared to wild-type animals as identified by comparison of the estimated plateaus. Both therapeutic antibodies showed a partial normalization of the synapse density. Thus, Abeta oligomers were likely causative for the synapse pathology since the specific neutralization of Abeta aggregates sufficiently achieved a therapeutic effect. In summary, these findings verify the toxic effect of Abeta oligomers on synapses in vivo and support a possible neutralization of soluble Abeta aggregates by passive immunization.
Marx, Jan Philipp [Verfasser], and Heike L. [Akademischer Betreuer] Pahl. "Der Transkriptionsfaktor NF-E2 und seine Rolle in der Pathogenese eines Phänotyps in der Milz im myeloproliferativen Mausmodell in vivo." Freiburg : Universität, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1119805317/34.
Full textSteinhart, Alexander [Verfasser], and Rüdiger [Akademischer Betreuer] Wanke. "Die Rolle von Leukozyten in der Entstehung der venösen Thrombose : In-vivo-Untersuchungen im Mausmodell / Alexander Steinhart. Betreuer: Rüdiger Wanke." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1020790512/34.
Full textBurmeister, Yvonne. "Die Rolle von ICOS für die T-Zell-Effektorfunktion in vivo." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15917.
Full textThe Inducible Co-Stimulator (ICOS) is an important regulator of T cell effector function. In vivo ICOS deficiency results in impaired T-cell dependent humoral immunity. Knock out mice show strongly defective B cell responses. Several in vitro and in vivo studies attributed this phenomenon to impaired upregulation of cell surface communication molecules and cytokine synthesis by ICOS-deficient T cells. However, in this work now could be shown with antigen-specific T cells in a murine adoptive transfer system that signaling via ICOS does not significantly affect early T cell activation. Instead, ICOS substantially contributes to the survival and expansion of effector T cells upon local challenge with antigen and adjuvant. Importantly, the observed biological function of ICOS also extends to FoxP3+ regulatory T cells, as can be observed after systemic antigen delivery without adjuvant. In line with these findings, absence of ICOS under homeostatic conditions of nonimmunized mice leads to a reduced number of both effector-memory and FoxP3+ regulatory T cells. The regulatory function of ICOS to control the poolsize of special T cell effector populations is also observed for follicular B helper T cells. The influence of ICOS on cytotoxic CD8+ T cells could not be clearly demonstrated. Based on these results, I propose a biological role for ICOS as a costimulatory, agonistic molecule for a variety of effector T cells with differing and partly opposing funtional roles. This concept may reconcile a number of past in vivo studies with seemingly cotradictory results on ICOS function.
Lang, Cajetan [Verfasser], and Wolfgang-Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Franz. "Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie basiertes In-vivo-Imaging der initialen Retention intramyokardial injizierter Stammzellen im Mausmodell / Cajetan Lang. Betreuer: Wolfgang-Michael Franz." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1058076809/34.
Full textLapp, Stefanie [Verfasser]. "In vivo Untersuchungen über die onkolytische Wirkung des Staupevirus bei dem disseminierten histiozytären Sarkom des Hundes in einem Mausmodell / Stefanie Lapp." Hannover : Bibliothek der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1046732463/34.
Full textStundl, Anja [Verfasser], and Steffen [Akademischer Betreuer] Massberg. "Die Rolle des Wachstumsfaktors Progranulin in der Progression der Atherosklerose : eine in vivo-Studie im Mausmodell / Anja Stundl. Betreuer: Steffen Massberg." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1101344121/34.
Full textDecker, Maximilian Georg [Verfasser], and Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Amling. "Die Rolle von c-Fos in der kieferorthopädischen Zahnbewegung : eine in-vivo-Studie im transgenen Mausmodell / Maximilian Georg Decker ; Betreuer: Michael Amling." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1205491538/34.
Full textEngelhardt, Eva [Verfasser]. "In-vivo-Untersuchung zum Einwachsverhalten eines neuen Polymers im Mausmodell unter dem Aspekt der T-Zell-Defizienz / eingereicht von Eva Engelhardt, geb. Binzen." Giessen : VVB Laufersweiler, 2009. http://d-nb.info/99799021X/34.
Full textSchagemann, Adriane J. K. [Verfasser]. "Einsatz von Steroiden zur Steigerung der liposomalen Transfektion in Steroidrezeptor exprimierenden Brustkrebszellen in vitro und einem in vivo Mausmodell / Adriane J. K. Schagemann." Lübeck : Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Lübeck, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1044192100/34.
Full textSchmonsees, Ina [Verfasser], Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Andreas, Jan [Akademischer Betreuer] Menke, and Patricia [Akademischer Betreuer] Virsik-köpp. "Volumen-computertomographische in-vivo-Untersuchung zum Schweregrad des Elastase-induzierten Lungenemphysems im Mausmodell / Ina Schmonsees. Gutachter: Jan Menke ; Patricia Virsik-Köpp. Betreuer: Stefan Andreas." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1044305681/34.
Full textHäupl, Katja [Verfasser], Bodo [Akademischer Betreuer] Laube, and Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Thiel. "Kurz- und langfristige Auswirkungen strahleninduzierter DNS Doppelstrangbrüche auf das neuronale Netzwerk am in vitro und in vivo Mausmodell / Katja Häupl ; Bodo Laube, Gerhard Thiel." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1224048628/34.
Full textHäupl, Katja Verfasser], Bodo [Akademischer Betreuer] [Laube, and Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Thiel. "Kurz- und langfristige Auswirkungen strahleninduzierter DNS Doppelstrangbrüche auf das neuronale Netzwerk am in vitro und in vivo Mausmodell / Katja Häupl ; Bodo Laube, Gerhard Thiel." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1224048628/34.
Full textEngelschalt, Vivienne. "Mechanismen der antikörpervermittelten T-Zell-Depletion in vivo im Maus-Modell." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16234.
Full textMonoclonal antibodies (mAb) are efficiently used for the therapeutic depletion of various cells in vivo yet the mechanisms of depletion are still unclear. In this work, the molecular principles of CD4+ T cell depletion (CD4 Tcd) by a single application of 100 µg of the anti-CD4 mAb YTS191.1.1 were investigated in the mouse. A strong correlation between the depletion and the surface modulation of the CD4 molecule could be observed. At the same time, organ-dependent differences in the kinetics as well as in the efficiency of depletion could be detected. In the thymus, neither modulation nor depletion were detectable. In the spleen and the lymph nodes (Ln), the modulation was strong and the depletion was maximal (80-90%) 48 h after mAb treatment. Interestingly, both modulation and depletion were decreased and delayed (50-60% after 72 h) in the Peyer`s patches. By using C3-deficient mice, no major contribution of complement to the CD4 Tcd was seen. On the contrary, with the help of different FcGamma-receptor (FcGammaR)-deficient mice (FcGammaRI, FcGammaRII, FcGammaRIII, FcGammaRI/III, and FcRGamma) and through the blockade of FcGammaRIV, a strong organ dependent involvement of FcGammaR could be shown. While the depletion in the spleen was clearly dependent on FcGammaRIV, in the Ln and the Peyer`s patches, FcGammaRI/III were involved. These findings correlated with the strong expression of FcGammaRIV in the spleen, the lung, the colon, the kidney, and the liver, while in the Ln the expression was weak and undetectable in the thymus and the Peyer`s patches. For the first time, F4/80high macrophages in the spleen could be identified as also being FcGammaRIV+, and are therfore considered as the potential effector cells of the CD4 Tcd. The direct comparison of the depletion of T cells via CD4 or ICOS pointed out that the target cell depletion is not only dependent on the properties of the mAb used, but also on those of the target molecule.
Lenze, Ulrich Klemens [Verfasser], and Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Schieker. "Histologische Beurteilung der in vivo Knochenneubildung besiedelter Konstrukte nach osteogener Stimulation und Beimpfung mit vaskulärem endothelialem Wachstumsfaktor (VEGF) im Mausmodell / Ulrich Lenze. Betreuer: Matthias Schieker." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1028783655/34.
Full textBurgold, Steffen [Verfasser], and Rainer [Akademischer Betreuer] Uhl. "Charakterisierung der in vivo Wachstumskinetik amyloider Plaques und der synaptischen Pathologie mit Evaluierung eines immuntherapeutischen Ansatzes in einem Alzheimer-Mausmodell / Steffen Burgold. Betreuer: Rainer Uhl." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2013. http://d-nb.info/104453236X/34.
Full textIlhan, Harun. "Evaluierung neuer nephroprotektiver Strategien in einem Mausmodell der strahleninduzierten Nephropathie durch den ß-Emitter [Lu-177-DOTA0,TYR3]-octreotate mittels in-vivo Tc-99m-MAG3 Nierenfunktionsszintigraphie." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-165939.
Full textKosanke, Katja [Verfasser], and Manfred [Akademischer Betreuer] Stangassinger. "Zum Einfluss von pluripotenten hämatopoetischen Knochenmarkszellen auf den Apoptoseverlauf nach experimentellen Myokardinfarkt : In-vivo-Untersuchungen mittels molekularer Fluoreszenz- und Computertomographie am Mausmodell / Katja Kosanke. Betreuer: Manfred Stangassinger." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1043906681/34.
Full textWeyer, Vanessa [Verfasser]. "Beitrag der Mikro-CT zum 3R-Prinzip am Beispiel eines in-vivo und ex-vivo Modells: Longitudinale Evaluation zerebraler Vasospasmen nach Subarachnoidalblutung mittels Mikro-CT-Angiographie im Mausmodell und Analyse der Schichtdicke dentaler Glattflächenversiegler in der Mikro-CT / Vanessa Weyer." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2020. http://d-nb.info/122346167X/34.
Full textBusche, Marc Aurel Verfasser], Arthur [Akademischer Betreuer] [Konnerth, Jana Eveline [Akademischer Betreuer] Hartmann, Dieter [Akademischer Betreuer] Neumeier, and Claus [Akademischer Betreuer] Zimmer. "In-vivo-Funktionsanalyse kortikaler Neurone mittels Zwei-Photonen Fluoreszenzmikroskopie in einem Mausmodell der Alzheimer-Krankheit / Marc Aurel Busche. Gutachter: Jana Eveline Hartmann ; Dieter Neumeier ; Claus Zimmer. Betreuer: Arthur Konnerth." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1020057041/34.
Full textKleeschulte, Sonja [Verfasser], Johannes [Gutachter] Bode, and Lutz [Gutachter] Schmitt. "Untersuchung der Rolle des Protease-aktivierten Rezeptors 4 in der Entwicklung einer Nicht-alkoholischen Fettlebererkrankung und Insulinresistenz in einem in vivo Mausmodell / Sonja Kleeschulte ; Gutachter: Johannes Bode, Lutz Schmitt." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1213519934/34.
Full textIlhan, Harun [Verfasser], and Marcus [Akademischer Betreuer] Hacker. "Evaluierung neuer nephroprotektiver Strategien in einem Mausmodell der strahleninduzierten Nephropathie durch den ß-Emitter [Lu-177-DOTA0,TYR3]-octreotate mittels in-vivo Tc-99m-MAG3 Nierenfunktionsszintigraphie / Harun Ilhan. Betreuer: Marcus Hacker." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2013. http://d-nb.info/104836173X/34.
Full textDeichmann, Jan [Verfasser], Henning [Gutachter] Ebelt, Ulrich [Gutachter] Laufs, and Andreas [Gutachter] Simm. "Einfluss von lymphoid enhancer factor 1 (Lef-1) und Protein-Kinase B (PKB) auf Hypertrophie und Zellzyklusaktivität von perinatalen Kardiomyozyten im Mausmodell in vivo / Jan Deichmann ; Gutachter: Henning Ebelt, Ulrich Laufs, Andreas Simm." Halle (Saale) : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1210731401/34.
Full textWillert, Michael Karl [Verfasser], Florian Richard [Akademischer Betreuer] Greten, and Helmut [Akademischer Betreuer] Friess. "Untersuchung des Einflusses einer intestinalen, transgenen Überexpression des C-Typ Lektins Reg3β in vivo im Colitis- bzw. Colitis-assoziierten-Colonkarzinom-Mausmodell / Michael Karl Willert. Betreuer: Florian Richard Greten. Gutachter: Helmut Friess ; Florian Richard Greten." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1082975427/34.
Full textSchiller, Carsten. "Charakterisierung der In-vivo-Funktion niedrigaffiner Fc-Rezeptorgene in KO-Mausmodellen." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1999. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=958531889.
Full textSommer, Maria [Verfasser]. "Etablierung eines humanisierten Mausmodells zur In-vivo-Analyse von DC-adressierenden Nanopartikeln / Maria Sommer." Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1042697175/34.
Full textHartenstein, Bettina [Verfasser]. "Entwicklung und Analyse von Mausmodellen zur Untersuchung von Glyzinrezeptordefekten in vivo / Bettina Hartenstein." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 1996. http://d-nb.info/111770145X/34.
Full textČakarun, Branka [Verfasser]. "Etablierung eines in vivo Mausmodells zur Bewertung der Rolle des Nebenhistokompatibilitätsantigens H13 bei der Induktion eines “Graft-versus-Leukemia” Effekts mittels in vivo Biolumineszenz-Imaging / Branka Čakarun geb. Bukarica." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1023783924/34.
Full textNeuner, Johanna. "Untersuchung der strukturellen Plastizität von adult-geborenen Neuronen und deren Synapsen im Riechkolben eines Mausmodells der Parkinsonschen Erkrankung in vivo." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-171684.
Full textThe protein α-synuclein (α-SYN) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease where it is responsible for the degeneration of dopaminergic midbrain neurons and related motor symptoms. Although this function of noxious α-SYN is well recognized, its impact on non-motor circuits of the brain and associated pre-motor symptoms, such as the early olfactory deficit, remains elusive. The olfactory bulb constitutes the first central hub for the processing of odour inputs and represents one of a few brain structures with an extremely high neuronal plasticity, as it is constantly supplied with adult-born neurons. Throughout adulthood - even though in smaller numbers -, this area receives neuronal precursors from the subventricular zone (SVZ) via the rostral migratory stream (RMS) which differentiate into local interneurons and integrate into the existing networks. Thereby, new neurons establish functional synapses with pre-existent nerve cells and contribute to odour perception. Due to its function at the synapse, α-SYN could thus potentially influence the maturation and integration of adult-born neurons with a notable impact on olfactory performance in Parkinson disease. Two-photon-microscopy is a suitable tool to investigate the neuronal plasticity in the olfactory bulb of transgenic α-SYN mice, because it allows the chronic observation of neuronal structures up to the resolution of single synapses in the intact neuronal network of living mice over a period of days to months. In the first part of the present work, the olfactory bulb of the used mouse model was tested for neuropathological and functional alterations. A30P α-SYN mice showed deposition of pathologically-modified α-SYN in mitral cells, and were impaired in fine odour discrimination. Subsequently, one well-known vulnerable subpopulation of adult-born neurons, the dopaminergic periglomerular neurons, was genetically labelled. Using intravital two-photon imaging, the dynamic process of neuronal turnover, the steady gain and loss of neurons, was followed over a period of 2.5 months in transgenic A30P α-SYN and wild-type mice. The results revealed no difference in the number of cells that reach, and possibly integrate into, the glomerular layer in the olfactory bulb. However, in α-SYN transgenic mice these new neurons have a significantly shortened survival, resulting in an overall reduction in the addition of neurons to the glomerular layer over time. Of note, this neuronal loss specifically targets those cells which have been recently integrated in the network. Such data demonstrates that early stages of incorporation and differentiation into dopaminergic neurons are not affected in transgenic A30P α-SYN mice. Rather, it is their long-term consistency and survival within the olfactory bulb network which is defective. Hence, the unstable integration and impaired homeostasis of functional new neurons likely contribute to the odour discrimination deficits observed in mutant A30P α-SYN mice. To elucidate the pathological changes underlying the olfactory deficit, in the second part of the work, the influence of aggregation-prone A30P α-SYN on the structural and functional development of granule cells, which depict over 95% of all adult-born neurons, was examined. While impressive progress has been made towards interpreting the basic biology and physiological mechanisms of granule cells and their role in processing of olfactory inputs, little is known about the synaptic functions and plasticity of these adult-born neurons under pathological conditions. Thus, the impact of aggregation-prone A30P α-SYN on the functionality of dendrodendritic synapses with the stable mitral cells, which accumulate pathological α-SYN, was characterized in detail, as these connections are essential for odour discrimination. To this end, the full dendritic trees of neurons were first labelled by time-coded lentiviral transduction and then traced chronically, with single dendritic spines being re-located over several weeks and imaged at high resolution. In A30P α-SYN mice, adult-born granule cells showed a retarded development, being characterized by reduced branching of dendrites and diminished dendritic spine plasticity with reduced gain of new spines. The impairments of spines were especially evident during the critical phase of maturation and integration of new neurons into the existing bulbar circuits, and were detected as persistent trait also in mature adult-born neurons. Functionally, retarded dendrites translate into reduced capacitance with enhanced intrinsic excitability and responsiveness of granule cells to depolarizing inputs, while the loss of spines correlates with decreased frequency of mEPSCs. These A30P α-SYN-induced alterations of adult-born neurons are likely to interfere with the processing of olfactory inputs and thereby contribute towards the olfactory deficit of early Parkinson disease. To counteract these specified changes therapeutically, transgenic mice were administered a compound with anti-aggregative properties over several months. This compound showed no therapeutic effect on the survival and dendritic spine density of adult-born neurons in A30P α-SYN mice. Together, this work offers new fundamental insights into the α-SYN-dependent regulation of the structural plasticity as a pathophysiological correlate for Parkinson disease.
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