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1
Mvumi, Culver. "Assessing the Effect of Adequate and Inadequate Inorganic Fertilizer Rates on the Yield Levels of Paprika in Mutasa Resettlement Area, Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe." Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3, no. 3 (2013): 199–203. https://doi.org/10.15580/GJAS.2013.3.011313374.
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A survey was carried out to evaluate the effect of adequate and inadequate inorganic fertilizer rates on the yield of Paprika (Capsicum annuum var. angulosum mill) in Mutasa resettlement area, Mutasa district. Questionnaires and interviews were used to produce primary data from 42 respondents in 2009. Secondary data was obtained mainly from Agricultural Technical and Extension Services (AGRITEX) and Paprika Company of Zimbabwe. Mean yields of paprika obtained from adequate and inadequate basal and top dressing fertilisers were compared and analysed using ‘Z’ statistical test at 0.05 level of significance. Mean yield from inadequate fertilizer rates of 30 farmers was 0.8 t/ha. The mean yield from adequate fertilizer rates of 12 farmers was 1.0t/ha. Results showed that the two means were significantly different. Adequate fertiliser rates produced significantly higher mean yield than the mean yield from inadequate fertiliser rates. The higher mean yield was enhanced by the highest number of (5) top dressing split applications. The study therefore recommends the use of adequate rates of 700 – 1 000 kg/ha basal fertilizer, 250 – 350 kg/ha ammonium nitrate (AN) and 350 – 400 kg/ha of potassium chloride. The top dressing has to involve 5 split applications. This exploits its high fruit yielding potential. Additional research is required to determine response of the crop, as a high value crop, to foliar and fertigation fertiliser application.
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Kale, Chandrakant Narhari. "The Study of Fertilizer Centers and Its Distribution in Solapur District: A Geographical Analysis." International Journal of world Geology, Geography, Agriculture, forestry and Environment Sciences 2, no. 1 (2025): 47–51. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15023432.
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<strong><em>Abstract</em></strong> <em>The Agriculture is backbone of Indian economy, has determined by several physical and socio-economic factors. Among that, fertilizer is vital determining socio-economic factors of agriculture has played key role in production of agricultural as well as agricultural productivity. The fertilizer has better plant nutrient which supplied to each crop and increases production of agricultural and agricultural productivity. There are different types of fertilizer like organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizers that are distributed through various fertilizer centers. In fact, fertilizer centers have storage of fertilizers and purchase centre of fertilizers, hence, it plays significant role agricultural development. Solapur district is important area of Maharashtra state have highly distribution of Agriculture, where, various fertilizer centers are also widely distributed. Those all fertilizer centers are highly significant for agriculture but, it has uneven distribution in district, hence, its study is important. The research paper study is an attempt to examine the spatial pattern of Fertilizer centers Distribution & Its problems of fertilizer consumption and to identify the regional variations to the Fertilizer centers Distribution of the region. There is given Fertilizers Distribution centers of Solapur district (2020 year) which shown with the help of GIS map. In study, t</em><em>he high density Fertilizer centers is observed in the tehsils of Akkakot, Pandharpur, Mohol and Malshiras as they have assured water supply from different irrigated sources. And the moderate level of density of distributional centers in the tehsils of Sangola, Madha, Barshi and Karmala. But, the region has inadequate number of distributional centers 6358 at which sometimes fertilizers are not available. </em>
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Qaisar, Abbas, and Shafique Afshan. "Integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers improves soil health, growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)." Advances in Agriculture and Biology 2, no. 1 (2019): 48–54. https://doi.org/10.63072/aab.19007.
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Wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) is vital for global food security due to its nutrition and widespread consumption. To support the growing population, using both organic and inorganic fertilizers enhances soil health and wheat yield. Mineral fertilizers directly affect crop yield and soil quality. Soil organic matter (SOM) is a crucial component for soil quality, microbial activity, decomposition, and nutrient cycling. The interaction between fertilizer uses and soil health is a complex phenomenon. The choice of fertilizer type, amount and application method impacts soil microbial populations and properties. Long-term balance fertilizer application enhances soil microbial biomass, with multiple factors like nitrogen source and application method as well. Sustainable agriculture and environmental health require both organic and mineral fertilizers use for better production. Public education on fertilizer synergy, crop yields and soil health are essential to enhance the productivity of agricultural products. Excessive inorganic fertilizer use leads to adverse consequences, including heavy metal accumulation, pollution, and environmental degradation. Organic fertilizers offer a more sustainable soil fertility approach, improving soil properties and crop yields. Application methods, like band spreading, trailing hose and burial, reduce nutrient loss and enhance soil structure. Combining organic and inorganic fertilizers is more effective for crop growth and yield, addressing limited arable land and global food demand. Fertilizers have been vital in ensuring food security for the expanding world population. With the population projected to exceed 9 billion by 2050, integrated soil nutrient management is crucial. Fertilizer use also impacts soil erosion, leading to topsoil loss and soil health decline. Nutrient-rich topsoil is vulnerable to erosion, especially in regions with inadequate fertilizer use. Proper nutrient management is a key to mitigating soil erosion and protecting soil and the environment. Research into the relationship between fertilizer use, crop production and soil erosion is needed for sustainable agricultural practices. © 2019 The Author(s)
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Adhikari, Jagat Bandhu, Govind K.C., and Dhurba Regmi. "Response of pipeline Nepalese maize hybrids to different doses of chemical fertilizers under varying plant densities." Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources 3, no. 2 (2020): 366–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/janr.v3i2.32561.
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Low plant population and inadequate fertilizer application are constraints for maize production among farmers in Nepal. In order to identify the integrated effects of plant density and fertilizer dose for production of hybrid maize, series of on station experiments were carried out at Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal using strip plot design with three replications during winter seasons in two consecutive years 2016/17 and 2017/18. Two promising Nepalese hybrids namely RML-95/RML-96 and RML-86/RML-96 were taken as vertical factor whereas five densities viz. 55,555 ha-1(D1), 66,666 ha-1 (D2), 77,519 ha-1 (D3), 87,719 ha-1 (D4) and 98,039 ha-1 (D5) in combination with two doses of NPK fertilizers i.e. recommended and rational as horizontal factor. Recommended dose of NPK for maize was 120:60:40 kg ha-1 and the rational doses for above mentioned densities were calculated based on bench mark of fertilizer recommendation for 53,333 plants ha-1. Derived rational doses of NPK for D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5 were 125:63:42, 150:75:50, 174:87:58, 197:99:66, 221:110:74 kg ha-1 respectively. Genotypic variation of two tested hybrids for growth, yield attributes and grain yield were found statistically similar. However, planting the hybrids in various densities and fertilizer doses significantly influenced grain yield ranging from 5.63 to 7.91 t ha-1. Significantly higher grain yield (7.91 t ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (2.21) were observed when plant population was maintained at 77,519 ha-1 with fertilizer dose 174:87:58 NPK kg ha-1. Applying fertilizer as rational dose enhanced the yield up to the density of 77519 plants ha-1 then the yield gradually declined as the density increased. Whereas recommended dose of fertilizer with increasing plant density from 55,555 to 87,719 ha-1 had statistically similar yield and declined more at 98039 ha-1. The present recommended dose of fertilizer application is inadequate for higher plant density to increase the grain yield of hybrid maize
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Puspitasari, Adelia Eka, Widiwurjani Widiwurjani, and Juli Santoso. "RESPONSE OF PEANUT PLANT GROWTH AND YIELD TO DECREASED ORGANIC FERTILISER DOSAGE AND INCREASED ORGANIC FERTILISER DOSAGE." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Literature 3, no. 4 (2024): 388–93. https://doi.org/10.53067/ijomral.v3i4.235.
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This study used a randomized complete block design (RCB) to evaluate the effect of various doses of organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of peanut plants. This research involved seven treatment units, each with a unique combination of inorganic and organic fertilizers. Each treatment was repeated four times, so there were 28 treatment units. Each unit comprises 16 plants carefully selected and managed to ensure consistent growing conditions. Four plants were taken from each unit as samples for analysis, and 112 sample plants were used to collect growth data and other relevant variables. Peanut cultivation in Indonesia faces serious challenges, such as reduced productivity due to prolonged drought and inadequate agricultural practices. This research aims to determine the impact of lowering the dose of inorganic fertilizer and increasing the use of organic fertilizer on the growth and yield of peanuts. The results showed a significant effect of various fertilizer combinations on growth parameters. Treatment P5 (a combination of inorganic and organic fertilizer) gave the best results in vegetative observations. In contrast, treatment P4 (a combination of inorganic and organic fertilizer) was superior in yield and pod weight. These findings emphasize the importance of implementing integrated fertilizers in peanut cultivation to improve agricultural sustainability. This research provides valuable insights for farmers and researchers in developing more efficient and environmentally friendly farming practices and supporting increased productivity of peanut plants in various environmental conditions
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Anggun, Ghina, Farrikh Alzami, Mila Sartika, et al. "Business Process Design With BPR Life Cycle in Fertilizer Provision." JOURNAL OF INFORMATICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION ENGINEERING 6, no. 2 (2023): 548–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31289/jite.v6i2.8526.
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Fertilizer is a supporter of soil growth and enrichment so as to increase agricultural production while at the same time improving environmental quality. The use of fertilizer is adjusted to the amount of land needed and the number of seeds purchased. In reality, fertilizer for shallots is still difficult to obtain, and prices are still high above retail prices, making shallot farmers want fertilizer subsidies from the government even though the subsidies provided are still inadequate and uneven. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of providing fertilizer on land area, seed needs, and prediction of fertilizer needs for shallots. The results of this analysis resulted in the design of business processes in the supply of fertilizers using the Business Process Reengineering Life Cycle method. Primary data collection was carried out using questionnaires and interviews with shallot farmers. The results showed that the production of fertilizer needs in accordance with the area of land and the number of seeds used. Therefore, efforts to increase the competitiveness of shallots can be carried out by proposing the BPR Life Cycle, so that the proposed framework is expected to be realized in order to increase productivity and build farmer institutions to realize further agricultural development.
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Belete, Atinkugn Assefa. "Determinants of Organic Fertilizer Adoption in Moretna Jeru District, Northern Ethiopia." Advances in Agriculture 2022 (August 29, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9983782.
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Agriculture is the backbone of Ethiopia’s economy. It is responsible for 35.45% of the country’s total domestic output. This means that the sector is critical for enhancing the lives of the wider population. Despite its importance, Ethiopia’s agricultural sector produces little. The Ethiopian government has focused on increasing the usage of organic fertilizers to improve this and overall economic growth. Organic fertilizer use is still inadequate in most parts of Ethiopia, including Moretna Jeru District in North Shewa Zone, Amhara region. The main objective of this study was to investigate factors that influence the adoption (use) of organic fertilizer technology in Moretna Jeru District. For this study, primary data were acquired from 192 smallholder farmers who were chosen at random throughout the 2020/21 growing seasons. The factors influencing organic fertilizer adoption were investigated using a probit model. Farmers’ characteristics such as extension contact, number of livestock, landownership via title deed, and household size have a favorable and significant impact on organic fertilizer usage. Farmers should be encouraged to use manure technology. This would be attainable if the government, nongovernmental organizations, and other stakeholders focused more on improving extension services and providing better information and training on the use of organic fertilizers.
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Neilsen, G. H., D. Neilsen, and F. Peryea. "Effect of Fertigation and Ground Application on Nutrient Movement and Tree Response in Western Soils." HortScience 32, no. 3 (1997): 556B—556. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.556b.
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Traditionally, broadcast or foliar fertilizer applications sufficed to improve the nutrition of many irrigated, deciduous fruit orchards in western North America. Recent developments, including adoption of low-pressure, micro-irrigation systems and planting at higher densities (especially for apples), have increased interest in controlled application of fertilizers directly with irrigation waters (fertigation). The possibility of using fertigation to synchronize fertilizer application and plant nutrient uptake seems attractive as environmental concerns to minimize leaching of nutrients (especially N) to groundwater increase. Recent fertigation research in western North America will be reviewed and compared to traditional fertilizer application methods to assess the potential of fertigation to overcome inadequate nutrition. Emphasis will be placed on the use of soil solution monitoring to assess changes in soil NPK status. Tree response will be illustrated by studies in high-density orchards where N, P, K, Ca, B, or Zn have been fertigated.
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Jamil, Ali, M. Saleh S. Ali, Imam M. Fahmid, and Darmawan Salman. "Actors and Actor Relations in Governance of Subsidized Fertilizer Policy in Indonesia." Journal of Advanced Zoology 44, no. 4 (2023): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/jaz.v44i4.1405.
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The study investigates actor relationships in subsidized fertilizer programs within Indonesian rice production hubs. It aims to comprehend roles and interactions among actors in budget allocation, fertilizer distribution, policy oversight, and farmer involvement. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, analyzing how institutional practices and hierarchies impact the subsidized fertilizer market. The study focuses on Indramayu and Karawang Regencies in West Java and Sidenreng Rappang (Sidrap) and Wajo Regencies in South Sulawesi, all significant rice production centers. Data was gathered through in-depth interviews involving central, regional, distributor, store actors, and farmers. Results reveal collaboration and competition as primary relationship modes in the subsidized fertilizer program. Cooperation exists among institutional players at the central level during budget deliberations, while relationships emerge when actors unite to advocate for budget adjustments or specific fertilizer types. Factors like discourse, institutional practices, and capitalist interests shape these inter- actions. Discourse might favor chemical or organic fertilizers. Farmers occupy a relatively marginalized position in actor conflicts, warranting increased policymaker attention. Although the government seeks improvements, farmers still face challenges such as inadequate doses, delays in distribution, and financial constraints
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Barasa, Augustine Wafula, P. O. Odwori, K. S. Malaba, and J. Barasa. "Factors Influencing Subsidized Fertilizer Access and Use Intensity on Smallholder Farmers in Trans Nzoia County, Kenya." Rigorous Journal of Research and Development 2, no. 6 (2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.70255/rjrd/v2i6/102.
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Low crop yields as a result of inadequate application of fertilizer remains to be a challenge limiting optimum crop production especially among smallholder farmers in Kenya. The government of Kenya, under The National Accelerated Agricultural Inputs Access Programme (NAAIAP), introduced subsidized fertilizers aimed at increasing crop productivity. Despite these initiative, there has not been much achievements as far as general increase in crop yields and especially maize crop yields in the country is concerned. This study therefore sought to investigate the factors affecting the access and the use intensity of subsidized fertilizer among smallholder farmers in Kenya with the case of Trans Nzoia County. The specific objectives of the study were to establish the factors affecting the access to subsidized fertilizers and to assess the factors affecting the intensity of fertilizer used. This study employed cross -sectional survey using structured questionnaires to collect the data from 384 farmers who had been selected using multi-stage sampling technique. The data was analyzed econometrically using a double hurdle model which combined a probit model and a truncated regression model. The findings show ed that age, access to extension services, land size, distance to market, household size and non-farm income significantly affected the accessibility of subsidized fertilizer to the farmers while the intensity of subsidized fertilizer use was significantly determined by age, land size, access to extension services and non-farm income of household head. The study concluded that the government should target the smallholder farmers and consider their factors when formulating policies for distribution of subsidized fertilizers as they are the intended beneficiaries of the program.
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G. Kalaiselvi, M. Nisha, M. Rudhra, and V. Shrivaishnavi. "Generative AI based Fertilizer and Pesticide Recommendation System for Farmers." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 15, no. 2 (2025): 1536–46. https://doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2025.15.2.1498.
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Agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy, with 60% - 70% of the Indian people relying on agriculture for livelihood. Limited education and awareness hinder farmers from understanding the effects of improper fertilizer and pesticide use, leading them to heavily rely on agricultural experts. However, this expert advice often meets fewer of the farmer’s specific needs, such as soil quality, weather conditions, or crop health. Due to the inadequate fulfillment of farmer’s specific requirements from the experts, it results in inefficiencies, excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, and harmful effects on the environment. With the aid of Generative Artificial Intelligence, the farmers get recommendation on fertilizers and pesticides for the crops and know which crops are best to grow on their land. Generative AI based fertilizer and pesticide recommendation system generate the real-time prediction that analyzes environmental and soil factors like Nitrogen (N), pH, Organic Matter, Microbial activity which recommends the fertilizer by using XGBoost and pesticide recommendation based on the image analysis of the crop affected by pest using Inception V3. When providing inputs on the web interface, the system recommends, what fertilizer to be used and helpful for identification of the pest and prescribe the appropriate dosage of pesticide. Additionally, farmers can contact directly through the GPT-4o-mini service for quick help.
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RANJAN, KUMAR. "Effect of potassium levels on its fractions in soil under rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation." Annals of Plant and Soil Research 23, no. 2 (2021): 235–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.47815/apsr.2021.10066.
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It may be concluded from the results that the application of nitrogen and phosphorus without potassium (K) or inadequate K fertilizer application would cause greater mining of reserve soil K. Hence prior to crop production adequate K fertilizer application is needed.
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Sandramo, Paulino Bartolomeu, and Abdi-Khalil Edriss. "Determinants of marketed quantities of potato in tete province of Mozambique." Canadian Journal of Agriculture and Crops 8, no. 2 (2023): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.55284/cjac.v8i2.948.
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In Mozambique 88% of the area allocated to potato production comes from Tete province, mainly on the districts of Angonia and Tsangano, and no studies have evaluated the determinants of the marketed quantities of this food crop, in this region. Hence, this study addressed this knowledge gap. The study used primary data. The primary data were obtained in February 2021 through the administration of the structured questionnaires to 453 smallholder potato farmers in Angónia and Tsangano districts. Descriptive statistics and a quantile regression model were the tools applied to analyze data. Results showed that the area allocated to potato production, cost of fertilizer per hectare, and cost of hired labour per hectare were significant at 1% confidence interval with volume sales of potatoes at all three levels of median studied. These are indications that an increase in any of these variables would increase the productivity of potatoes and hence the quantities available for market. Some of the constraints reported by the potato farmers were incidence of pests and diseases (100%), lack of credit access (100%), lack of certified seed (100%), lack of collective action on setting price (100%), inadequate storage materials (100%), poor road quality to access markets (79%), lack of funds to hire labour (36.2%), low level of extension services (36.9%), inadequate price information (17.9%) and inadequate fertilizer application (2%). To increase potatoes productivity, condition to increase marketed quantities, certified seeds, fertilizers and good storage materials should be made available to potato farmers.
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Chiy, PC, and CJC Phillips. "Solubilization of macro-mineral elements in vivo from fresh herbage and their availabilities to, and uptake by steers." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1993 (March 1993): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600025150.
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Inadequate uptake of macro-mineral elements in cattle frequently causes economic losses, mainly through clinical disease in the case of Ca and Mg and reduced performance in the case of P and Na. Uptake is a function of mineral intake, solubilization in the digestive tract and absorption of the solubilized fraction. Inadequate Mg uptake is known to be partly caused by fertilizer K, which elevates herbage Ko content and prevents Mg absorption in the rumen. Fertilizer Na, by restricting herbage K uptake offers a means to increase Mg uptake in cattle and could potentially increase the uptake of other minerals.
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Lande, Satish Devram, and Indra Mani. "Design and development of pressurized aqueous fertilizer application system for seeder." Agricultural Engineering Today 44, no. 01 (2020): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/aet2020441.1514.
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In dry land areas, seed germination greatly affected by insufficient soil moisture during sowing. Nitrogenous fertilizers like granular urea remain unavailable due to inadequate soil moisture to dissolve, dilute and convey it to root zone level. Precise application of aqueous fertilizer at root zone depth at the time of sowing enhances seed germination percentage by increasing available soil moisture as per the soil-moisture-crop requirement. A pressurized aqua ferti metering system was designed and developed for application of aqueous fertilizer diluted with water along the side of seed. The prototype consisted of pressurized aqueous fertilizer metering system through positive displacement pump, stationary opening with agitator type seed metering system and shovel type furrow opener with provision of carrying seed and aqueous fertilizer delivery tubes. A pressurized aqueous fertilizer application system consisted of rotary gear pump to vary pump rotational speed and circular distributor for uniform distribution of aqueous fertilizer. The flow rate and pressure were controlled by control valve for required amount of aqueous fertilizer. Three nozzles of size 8, 10 and 12 mm were evaluated at different pump rotational speeds (1800, 1440, 1152, 1080 and 864 rpm) and different control valve positions (0, 2, 4 and 6 kg/cm2 ) for desired flow rate. The discharge rate at a particular pressure was found to vary linearly with the Pump rotational speed and decreased as the line pressure increased. The desired flow rate in pressurized pumping system was obtained in a nozzle of size 10 cm up to a maximum pump speed of 1440 rpm and for a line pressure of less than 4 kg/cm2 .
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Albregts, E. E., and C. M. Howard. "Response of Strawberries to Soil and Foliar Fertilizer Rates." HortScience 21, no. 5 (1986): 1140–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.21.5.1140.
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Abstract A3 × 3 factorial study of soil and foliar-applied N, P, and K fertilizer was conducted on ‘Dover’ and ‘Tufts’ strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) using the annual hill cultural system. Rates of soil-applied fertilizer were: a) 0, b) 112N-12P-93K, and c) 224N-24P-186K (kg·ha−1). Rates of weekly foliar fertilizer applications were a) 0, b) 1.20N–0.54P–1.02K, and c) 2.40N–1.08P-2.04K (kg·ha−1). Increasing rates of soil-applied fertilizer increased fruit yields, fruit number, foliar N and K, plant size, and foliage color. Rates of foliar N, P, and K had much less effect than soil-applied fertilizer. The greatest plant response to foliar fertilization was with inadequate rates of soil fertilizer. Foliage damage was evident with foliar fertilization, and damage was greatest with the highest foliar rate.
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Saraan, M. I. K., R. F. A. K. Rambe, A. M. Syam, A. Suhendar, M. A. Dalimunthe, and R. P. K. Sinaga. "The application of fertilizer subsidies in the context of coffee plantations in Pollung Sub-District, Humbang Hasundutan District, North Sumatra Province." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1352, no. 1 (2024): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1352/1/012012.
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Abstract This study aims to evaluate the application of fertilizer subsidies used by coffee farmers in the Humbang Hasundutan Regency. The research method used was qualitative. Three people became informants in this study, and data were collected through qualitative interviews. The results showed that coffee farmers in the Humbang Hasundutan District received high-quality subsidized fertilizer. However, there are some cases where fertilizer distribution is inadequate. For example, (1) the application of the type of fertilizer provided is good because farmers can apply for orders according to their needs in developing coffee farming, (2) the application of the amount of fertilizer distributed is also good because it is by the land area used by farmers, (3) but the application of fertilizer prices is not good because farmers have to pay additional costs that cause fertilizer prices to exceed the Highest Retail Price (HET), and (4) the distribution of fertilizer is not good because it often experiences delays. Thus, the government has a vital role in making national policies, local governments, agricultural agencies, and fertilizer producers or distributors in implementing and distributing fertilizer subsidies for coffee farmers in the Humbang Hasundutan Regency.
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McKenzie, R. H., E. Bremer, A. B. Middleton, P. G. Pfiffner, and R. E. Dowbenko. "Controlled-release urea for winter wheat in southern Alberta." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 87, no. 1 (2007): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s06-055.
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The recent development of low-cost controlled-release urea (CRU) may provide additional options for N fertilization of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Two field experiments were conducted over 3 yr at three locations in southern Alberta to evaluate different options of applying CRU to winter wheat. In the first experiment, three N fertilizers (20-day CRU, 40-day CRU and urea) were seed-placed and side-banded at the time of seeding at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg N ha-1. Stand densities were substantially reduced by seedrow application of urea at rates greater than 30 kg N ha-1, but were unaffected by seedrow application of CRU, even at the highest rate of N application. When N fertilizer was sidebanded, stand densities were unaffected by fertilizer type or N rate. Yield gains due to N application were reduced by application of high rates of seed-placed urea, but similar for other treatments. Grain protein concentration and N uptake were also similar for CRU and seed-placed urea. In the second experiment, three N fertilizers (CRU, urea and ammonium nitrate) were broadcast at 30 kg N ha-1 in early spring on plots that had received 0, 30 or 60 kg N ha-1 of CRU at the time of seeding. Inadequate release of spring broadcast CRU was indicated by reduced grain protein concentrations relative to conventional N fertilizers. Under the conditions experienced in our study, CRU substantially increased the maximum safe rate of seed-placed urea, provided minimal benefits to N response relative to side-banded urea, and was less effective than conventional N fertilizers when broadcast in early spring. Key words: N fertilizer use efficiency, slow release, winter survival
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Janmohammadi, Mohsen, Tahere Amanzadeh, Naser Sabaghnia, and Viorel Ion. "Effect of nano-silicon foliar application on safflower growth under organic and inorganic fertilizer regimes." Botanica Lithuanica 22, no. 1 (2016): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/botlit-2016-0005.
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AbstractSilicon nanoparticles have distinctive physicochemical characteristics and are able to enter into plants and impact the metabolism of plants as well as improve plant growth and yield under unfavourable environmental conditions. Besides, low soil organic matter content, imbalanced nutrient and inadequate water supply may adversely affect crop productivity in semiarid areas. To understand the effects of foliar spray of silicon dioxide nanoparticles (nSiO2) with application of farmyard manure (FYM) or inorganic fertilizer on morpho-physiological traits and yield of safflower, a field experiment was carried out in a highland semiarid region of Maragheh, northwest Iran. The experiment consisted of two levels of nSiO2(0 and 20 mM) and four fertilizer regimes (control, 15 t ha−1FYM, 30 t ha−1FYM, 90 kg ha−1N-P-K chemical fertilizer). Safflower plants were treated with nSiO2suspension at leaf development, branching and capitulum emergence stages. Although the nSiO2significantly improved some growth parameters such as canopy spread, stem diameter, plant height, ground cover and the number of achenes in capitulum, it did not affect achene yield and harvest index. However, fertilizer treatments considerably affected most of morpho-physiological traits, achene yield and yield components. The result showed that the best growth and the highest achene yield were achieved by application of 30 t ha−1FYM before sowing. Application of high FYM increased the achene yield by 48% compared to the control, however, application of N-P-K chemical fertilizer or of 15 t ha−1FYM improved achene yield only up to 17% over the no fertilizer condition. Moreover, this work revealed some positive effects of exogenous application of nSiO2on safflower growth. This finding suggests that application of organic fertilizers with foliar spray of nSiO2can improve safflower production and is an advisable agronomic option.
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Meya, Akida I., Rony Swennen, Patrick A. Ndakidemi, Kelvin M. Mtei, and Roel Merckx. "Better Nitrogen Fertilizer Management Improved Mchare Banana Productivity and Profitability in Northern Highlands, Tanzania." Agronomy 13, no. 5 (2023): 1418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13051418.
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Declining land productivity is a major problem constraining banana (Musa spp.) production in Tanzania. Banana fruit yield consequently reaches only 15% of the potential, primarily due to inadequate soil nutrient replenishment. Improving farmers’ soil nutrient replenishment strategy in banana home gardens, which relies on applications of cattle manure only, by mixing with inorganic fertilizer resources can increase land productivity and can improve the overall profitability of banana production in the country. Experiments were conducted at Tarakea, Lyamungo, and Tengeru to determine the effects of organic fertilizer resources (animal manure and crop residue) and their combination with inorganic fertilizer resources on the productivity and profitability of Mchare banana production. Banana fruit yield differed significantly among the experimental sites, with drier areas of Tengeru recording, on average, 19.6 t ha−1 year−1, while the more humid areas of Lyamungo recorded, on average, 39.3 ha−1 year−1. Mchare banana plants grown under sole inorganic fertilizer produced significantly low yields (33.0 t ha−1 year−1) compared with those fertilized with cattle manure only, which lifted the yields to 38.8 t ha−1 year−1, but the latter required more labor input. Soil nitrogen (N) fertilization via cattle manure + mineral fertilizer gave the highest average banana fruit yield (43.0 t ha−1 year−1) across the sites, and reduced fertilization costs by 32%. Subsequently, this integrated fertilization technique generated the highest average net benefits in all sites and both cropping cycles. Thus, the findings of this study form a basis to improve land productivity and profitability in banana-based home gardens in the study area by directing more labor input to good soil N management.
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Kornilova, N., O. Mineralov, L. Vagalyuk, and N. Kolesnyk. "Morphological characteristics of indoor ornamental plants under the influence of liquid organic fertilizers." Agroecological journal, no. 4 (November 13, 2015): 80–84. https://doi.org/10.33730/2077-4893.4.2015.318275.
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The room decorative plants need the best care. Compliance with the conditions for cultivation and storage plants in the room that has the features, risks and limitations — lateral light, dry winter air, inadequate soil, drafts, poor conditions for irrigation and wash the leaves and so on. Particular attention should be paid to nourishment indoor ornamental plants. For normal development of indoor plants requires a balanced mineral and organic nutrition. The purpose of research was to identify the impact of liquid fertilizers, micronutrients balanced on the development of indoor ornamental plants. In article we reviewed the problems of increasing growth and development of indoor ornamental plants in a closed room. We analyzed more than 30 liquid fertilizers with micronutrients registered in Ukraine, a new and balanced composition of liquid fertilizer with trace elements for research on indoor decorative plants of different life forms. Liquid fertilizer with micronutrients well balanced composition has proved to feed plants as in root and under root way. Analysis of the data indicates significant morphological changes of the studied plants. Thus, as a percentage, the increase in leaf and stem under root power in almost all plants exceeded control. The increase in leaf area, only Crassula portulacea Lam. and Murraya paniculata L. responded to this indicator. The investigated plants had the best appearance and habit compared to controls. For the main indicators, liquid compound fertilizer with micronutrients balanced composition is highly effective and ecologically fertilizing means that you can recommend to deliver a wide use in the practice of growing indoor ornamental plants.
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Sheoran, Parvender, O. P. Sheoran, and Virender Sardana. "Modeling Sunflower Productivity and Profitability in Relation to Adequate and Limited Sulphur Availability under Semiarid Irrigated Conditions." International Journal of Agronomy 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/738263.
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Inadequate and/or imbalanced fertilization has been identified as one of the critical bottlenecks holding oilseeds production and productivity. Sustainable production requires efficient use of inputs maintaining optimum yield and high quality product. The present study aims at defining the quantitative relationship between the fertilizer S applied and the sunflower yield obtained using a polynomial function. The analysis was done to allocate the S fertilizer for maximization of net profit over fertilizer cost depending on the availability of the fertilizer. The results indicated that the cost effective economically optimum dose of sulphur for sunflower cultivation was found to be 36.70 kg S/ha under its full availability. The expected sunflower yield at this dose was worked out to be 2.619 t/ha. However, it is advisable to uniformly distribute the fertilizer to all over the cultivable area under its limited availability for exploiting the desired yield potential and maximum net monetary returns.
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Maquén-Perleche, José, Sandra Aldana-Carbonel, Lila Suárez Muguerza, Marilín Nicoll Sánchez Purihuamán, Junior Caro-Castro, and Carmen Carreño-Farfán. "Biofertilizer based on fish waste increases the yield of Vigna unguiculata L. Walp, Zea mays L., and the rhizospheric microbiota." Scientia Agropecuaria 14, no. 4 (2023): 529–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.044.
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Crops of Vigna unguiculata L. “cowpea” and Zea mays L. “corn” require chemical fertilizers for proper growth and development; however, its inadequate application contaminates the environment, creating the need to search new alternatives that reduce its impact. Due to this, the objective of this research was to determine the effect of a biofertilizer from fish wastes on the yield of cowpea and corn, and its effect on their rhizospheric microbiota. The physicochemical and biological characteristics of the biofertilizer were determined, and then was applied on the field under a completely randomized block design with six treatments: absolute control, chemical control, biofertilizer at 1%, 1.25%, 1.5% and 1.25% plus chemical fertilizer. The application of biofertilizer at 1, 1.25 and 1.5% increased the height, root length and yield of cowpea; however, the increase percentages were lower than those obtained with chemical fertilizer and the biofertilizer at 1.25% plus chemical fertilizer. In the case of corn, all treatments with biofertilizer increased the growth and yield of aerial biomass compared to the control, and the percentages of increase exceeded the chemical fertilizer in terms of the number of leaves, length and root biomass. In addition, the biofertilizer increased the microbial fertility of the soil expressed as the number of colony-forming units of nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms per gram of soil in both crops. In conclusion, a positive effect of the biofertilizer from fish wastes was evidenced, which increased the yield of cowpea and corn, as well as an increase in soil microbial fertility.
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J. Ahmadu and S.U. Ewansiha. "SOCIO-ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF ARABLE CROP FARMERS’ ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN EDO STATE, NIGERIA." International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research 09, no. 05 (2023): 793–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.51193/ijaer.2023.9504.
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This study examined the socio-economic determinants of arable crop farmers’ adaptation to climate change in Edo State, Nigeria. Primary data for the study were collected using structured questionnaire administered to 192 respondents randomly sampled from the study area. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics, multiple regression and information from Likerttype scale. Results of the study showed that the climate change adaptation practices highly employed by the farmers include mixed cropping, inter-cropping, adjusting the timing of land preparations in accordance with weather variations, adjusting the planting dates, crop rotation, application of inorganic fertilizer, processing of farm produce to reduce post-harvest losses, changing the quantity of fertilizer used and changing the quantity of herbicides/pesticides used. Extension contact and farm size of the farmers were found to be the significant (P<0.01) determinants of the farmers’ adaptation to climate change. Serious constraints faced by the farmers in adapting to climate change include inadequate finance, inadequate information on climate change, lack of support from government and other institutions, and inadequate infrastructural facilities. The farmers would employ more practices to adapt to climate change if they are empowered through education, training and provision of timely and accessible credit.
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Mahatale, P. V., B. C. Nandeshwar, M. D. Yenpreddiwar, G. D. Chandankar, and M. M. Raut. "Influence of Organic, Inorganic, and Foliar Grade Fertilizers on the Growth and Yield of Groundnut." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 12 (2023): 852–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i123747.
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Optimizing mineral nutrition is crucial to boosting groundnut output since groundnut have a high nutritional requirement and the recently released high yielding varieties further absorb nutrients from the soil. On the other hand, farmers that grow groundnut sometimes employ only one or two nutrient-rich fertilizers, which results in severe mineral deficits. One of the primary reasons for low groundnut productivity is inadequate and imbalanced nutrient usage. At the Oilseeds Research Unit, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra, India, a field experiment was carried out in the summer to assess the effects of organic, inorganic, and foliar grade fertilizers on the growth and yield of groundnut. The integration of organic, inorganic, and foliar grade fertilizers considerably improves growth and yield qualities, according to experimental data. The findings showed that the application of FYM @ 7.5 t ha-1+100% RDF 25:75:25 NPK kg ha-1 considerably improved plant growth parameters, such as plant height and yield attributes yield. Starter dose (11:36:24 NPK + trace element) + booster dose (8:16:39 NPK + trace elements) applied topically. It was determined that integration of organic (7.5 t ha-1), inorganic fertilizer (100% RDF), and water soluble grade fertilizer recorded, highest dry pods yield and getting maximum economic return from summer groundnut. This treatment was closely followed by treatment FYM @ 7.5 t ha-1+100 % RDNPK, which recorded significant pod yield (27.18 qt ha-1), net monetary return (79464 Rs. ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (2.77).
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Bindraban, Prem S., Christian O. Dimkpa, and Renu Pandey. "Exploring phosphorus fertilizers and fertilization strategies for improved human and environmental health." Biology and Fertility of Soils 56, no. 3 (2020): 299–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00374-019-01430-2.
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AbstractMineral phosphorus (P) fertilizers support high crop yields and contribute to feeding the teeming global population. However, complex edaphic processes cause P to be immobilized in soil, hampering its timely and sufficient availability for uptake by plants. The resultant low use efficiency of current water-soluble P fertilizers creates significant environmental and human health problems. Current practices to increase P use efficiency have been inadequate to curtail these problems. We advocate for the understanding of plant physiological processes, such as physiological P requirement, storage of excess P as phytate, and plant uptake mechanisms, to identify novel ways of designing and delivering P fertilizers to plants for improved uptake. We note the importance and implications of the contrasting role of micronutrients such as zinc and iron in stimulating P availability under low soil P content, while inhibiting P uptake under high P fertilization; this could provide an avenue for managing P for plant use under different P fertilization regimes. We argue that the improvement of the nutritional value of crops, especially cereals, through reduced phytic acid and increased zinc and iron contents should be among the most important drivers toward the development of innovative fertilizer products and fertilization technologies. In this paper, we present various pathways in support of this argument. Retuning P fertilizer products and application strategies will contribute to fighting hunger and micronutrient deficiencies in humans. Moreover, direct soil P losses will be reduced as a result of improved P absorption by plants.
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Bashir, Mohammed Bawuro, Augustine Anthony Ndaghu, Nakwe Stephen Haruna Gbana, Mark Tikwe Kyaru, and Rubang Tari Samuel. "Factors Influencing Adoption of Groundnut Production Technologies Among Women Farmers in Gassol Local Government Area, Taraba State." Journal of Agricultural Extension 25, no. 1 (2021): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v25i1.9s.
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The various groundnut production technologies considered were pesticides, processing and packaging, tillage, storage, improved seeds, seed treatment, weeding, transportation, spacing and planting date, fertilizer application and harvesting. Constraints include inadequate fund (2.7), followed by high cost of farm inputs (2.6) and inadequate storage facilities (2.6) were found to alter the adoption of groundnut production technologies among women farmers. Government should help link women farmers with improved groundnut production technologies (improved seeds, farm tools and machine, pesticides, and storage facilities) in order to attain a peak groundnut production in the state at large.
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Urge, Eshetu. "Agronomic Management Practices for Rice Production and Productivity in Ethiopia: A Review." Journal of Plant Sciences 13, no. 2 (2025): 66–72. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20251302.15.
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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) has emerged as a strategic and priority commodity for food security in Ethiopia. Nonetheless, Ethiopia&apos;s average rice production is only about 2.8 t ha-1, which is less than the global average of 4 t ha-1, statistics indicate that has been flat for a long time. The main reasons for Ethiopia&apos;s low rice yield and productivity are poor agronomic management practices (improper land preparation, untimely planting, inadequate fertilizer applied, inappropriate seed rate, weeds and insect pest). Enhancing agronomic management practices would increase rice yield and productivity. Yet, poor land preparation, suboptimum seed rate and date of planting techniques are reported to be the most important rice production constraint. Another key factor in rice production is the availability of plant nutrients, especially nitrogen, at different phases of plant growth. The most effective fertilizers management that is right fertilizers rate, right source, right place and right time of fertilizer applications are enhanced rice productivity. NPS and urea (supplying nitrogen and phosphorus) were the major fertilizers used by farmers in Ethiopia. In order to get the highest possible yields of rice, effective agronomic management techniques are required to increase productivity. Improving rice production and productivity as well as facilitating its processing and marketing access is therefore one of a key part of the economic growth strategies in the Ethiopia government’s food self-sufficiency initiatives. Therefore, this review advances our understanding of recommended agronomic practices for rice production in Ethiopia&apos;s and will encourage more use of recommended agronomic practices.
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Islam, Mahammad Shariful, Susilawati Kasim, Adibah Mohd Amin, et al. "Foliar application of enriched banana pseudostem sap influences the nutrient uptake, yield, and quality of sweet corn grown in an acidic soil." PLOS ONE 18, no. 8 (2023): e0285954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285954.
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Foliar fertilization is a reliable technique for correcting a nutrient deficiency in plants caused by inadequate nutrient supply to the roots in acid soil. Soluble nutrients in banana pseudostem sap might be effective to supplement chemical fertilizers. However, the limited nutrients in sole banana pseudostem sap as foliar fertilization may not meet-up the nutritional demand of the crop. Field trials were, therefore, conducted with the combination of soil-applied fertilizers with foliar spray of banana pseudostem sap to increase nutrient uptake, yield, and quality of sweet corn planted in acidic soil. Three treatments viz., 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (RD) as control (T1), 75% of RD applied in soil with foliar application of non-enriched banana pseudostem sap (T2), and 50% RD applied in soil with foliar spray of enriched banana pseudostem sap (T3) were replicated four times. The combination of soil-applied fertilizer with foliar spray of enriched banana pseudostem sap (T3) showed a significant increase in leaf area index (11.3%), photosynthesis (12%), fresh cob yield (39%), and biomass of corn (29%) over control. Besides, the 50% RD of soil fertilization with foliar spray of enriched pseudostem sap increased nutrient uptake in addition to an increase in sugar content, phenolic content, soluble protein, and amino acids of corn. Considering the economic analysis, the highest net income, BCR (3.74) and MBCR (1.25) values confirmed the economic viability of T3 treatment over the T1. The results suggest that foliar spray of enriched banana pseudostem sap can be used as a supplementary source of nutrients to enhance nutrient uptake by corn while increasing yield and minimizing chemical fertilizer use in acid soil.
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Tesfay, Teklay, Mebrahtu Gebremariam, Kiros Gebretsadik, Miruts Hagazi, and Selamawit Girmay. "Tomato Yield and Economic Performance Under Vermicompost and Mineral Fertilizer Applications." Open Agriculture Journal 12, no. 1 (2018): 262–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874331501812010262.
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Background:Optimum vermicompost and mineral fertilizer application is crucial for tomato production. However, farmers still use inadequate nutrient inputs and inefficient combinations. As a result, unbalanced soil nutrient compositions ultimately lead to a reduction in tomato fruit yield.Methods:An experiment was conducted to evaluate tomato yield and economic performance under vermicompost and mineral fertilizer applications using drip irrigation during 2016/2017. Shanti-PM variety of tomato was used as a test crop and eight vermicompost and mineral fertilizer combinations were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Agronomic data were analyzed using analysis of variance procedure. Besides, an economic analysis was carried out using partial budget analysis, to indicate economically superior treatments over the control treatment by estimating the varying costs and benefits based on the current local market prices for 2017.Results and Conclusion:Tomato fruit yield was markedly influenced by vermicompost and mineral fertilizer combinations. The better marketable, unmarketable and total fruit yield were recorded when 8 ton ha-1vermicompost combined with 50% recommended a dose of mineral fertilizer was applied. Even though this treatment appeared to be superior in yield, the results of partial budget analysis suggested that tomato cultivated using 4 ton ha-1vermicompost with 50% recommended mineral fertilizer was economically feasible to be acceptable by farmers. Therefore, application of 4 ton ha-1vermicompost with 50% recommended mineral fertilizer appeared to be agronomically superior and economically affordable for farmers to adopt.
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Tahir, A. D., H. M. Alkali, and R. A. Saleh. "Analysis of Costs and Returns of Sesame Production in Hong Local Government Area, Adamawa State, Nigeria." JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 7, no. 2 (2021): 186–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.56160/jaeess202172016.
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The study was conducted to analyze cost and return of sesame production in Hong L.G.A of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Multi stage sampling technique was used to select fifty-seven sesame farmers in the study area. Data were collected using structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using gross margin analysis and descriptive statistics. The results revealed labour cost accounted for 68.1% of the total cost of production. Cost of fertilizer accounted for 20.3%, cost of chemical accounted for 7.8% while cost of seed accounted for 3.8%. On the average, it cost N 47,451.35/ha to cultivate sesame in the study area. An average of N 65,053/ha accrues to farmers as gross income and N 17, 601.65 is left as gross margin. The result of constraints faced by sesame farmers were lack of credit facility 94.7% which was ranked 1st, inadequate fertilizer 93.0% which was ranked 2nd, lack of good road 82.5% which was ranked 3rd, poor extension services 77.2% which was ranked 4th, problem of pest 71.9% which was ranked 5th, problem of disease 70.2 which was ranked 6th, and high cost of production inputs 56.1% which was ranked 7th. The study concludes that sesame production in the study area is profitable and the major constraints faced by sesame farmers is lack of credit facility and inadequate fertilizer. Therefore, it was recommended that government should support sesame farmers by providing subsidized production inputs and farm credit and also government should strengthen and increase extension services among farmers.
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Bawa, Alhassan, Isaac Kwahene Addai, and Konlan B. Bisuki. "Response of Fonio (Digitaria exilis) Accessions to Fertilizer Application." Asia Pacific Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy 10, no. 2 (2022): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36782/apjsafe.v10i2.146.
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Fonio is one of the lost crops of Africa, and part of the reasons it has been neglected is inadequate information on Fonio growth and yield potential across its growing areas, hence the need to assess the response of available germplasm to fertilizer application. The objectives of the study were to determine the growth and yield response of Fonio accessions to fertilizer application, and to evaluate the interactive effect of fertilizer and Fonio accession on growth and yield. The study was conducted in Northern Ghana, during the 2019 cropping season. The research used a 4 x 5 (four fertilizer levels and five accessions) factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The finding showed that growth and yield parameters were significantly (P< 0.05) affected by fertilizer application. The result also revealed that accession OUSAI recorded the highest grain yield of 1015.10 kg/ha and NFAS4 recorded the least grain yield of 713.23 kg/ha. Also, the most lodged accession was OUAS1 which recorded 65% lodging of its total plant population and the least lodged accessions (NFAS4 and EYAS5) recorded about 10% lodging each. There was significant (P ˂ 0.05) variations among accessions for most of the attributes measured. The interactive effect of fertilizer and accession was significant ((P˂0.05) for most of the traits studied.
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Owolabi, Ilo Hammed, and Ayinde Yusuf Olarewanju. "Factorial Analysis on Varying Effect of Poulty Manure NPK Fertilizer on the Growth and the Yield of Maize Crop (Case Study of Eden Flows Global Resources Ltd Ilaro, Ogun State, Nigeria.)." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science X, no. I (2025): 244–58. https://doi.org/10.51584/ijrias.2025.1001020.
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When the soil fertility is inadequate, it leads to low productivity, which results to one of the factors hindering crop production in Nigeria. It has been attributed to planting of crop consistently without adequate artificial soil nutrient of farm inputs. However, the combination of chemical fertilizer and organic manure is regarded as one of solution to the problem. The treatment consists of NPK fertilizer with fresh weight of maize, NPK with dry weight of maize and NPK with seed yield maize. The factorial ANOVAL model is adopted for the analysis. The result indicates that Fcal(10.57) > Ftab(0.83) for the poultry manure and Fcal(1.54) > Ftab(0.83) for NPK Fertilizer, means that both contributes to the fresh plant weight of the maize, while Fcal(16.06) > Ftab(0.83) for poultry manure and Fcal(3.05) > Ftab(0.83) for NPK fertilizer respectively have a significance difference by contributing positively to plant seed yield of maize. Also, Fcal(0.308) < Ftab(0.83) for poultry manure and Fcal(0.135) < Ftab(0.83) for NPK fertilizer implies that there is no significance difference to dry plant weight. It shows that poultry manure and NPK fertilizer equally contributed significantly to the fresh plant weight of the maize and plant seed yield of the maize but does not contribute positively to the dry plant weight.
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Yawson, David Oscar, Michael Osei Adu, Benjamin Ason, Frederick Ato Armah, Emmanuel Boateng, and Reggie Quansah. "Ghanaians Might Be at Risk of Inadequate Dietary Intake of Potassium." Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3150498.
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Adequate dietary intake of potassium (K) helps fight noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), mainly hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. This paper (i) estimated the K intake of Ghanaian population using food supply and food composition data and (ii) compared this estimate with the WHO recommended requirement for K in order to assess if there is a risk of inadequate K intake. Food supply data (1961–2011) was obtained from the FAO Food Balance Sheet (FBS) to derive trends in food and K supply. The average food supply in the FBS for 2010 and 2011 was used in assessing the risk of inadequate dietary intake of K. The K contents of the food items were obtained from food composition databases. The mean K supply per capita per day was approximately 856 mg. The assessment suggests a potentially large risk of inadequate dietary K supply at both individual and population levels. The results suggest the need for assessing options for managing K deficiency, including assessment of K supplying power of soils and K fertilizer management in food crop production systems, as well as empirical estimates of K content of food items (including those underreported in the FBS) and mixed diets in Ghana.
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Muhamad Hafiz Muhamad Hassan, Mohamad Fakhrul Zaman Omar, Hartinee Abbas, Wan Mahfuzah Wan Ibrahim, Noor Faimah Ghazali, and Muhammad Hanam Hamid. "Development of Water Soluble NPK Fertilizer for Watermelon Cultivation Under Rain Shelter Structure." Journal Of Agrobiotechnology 15, S1 (2024): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37231/jab.2024.15.s1.376.
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Commercial watermelon cultivation at open field depends on granular fertilizer for higher yield and quality. However, application of granular fertilizer is laborious, inefficient, inadequate nutrient uptake and can cause toxicity. Therefore, smart fertigation system as incorporated by IoT (Internet of things) appears to be the best option to improve such issues. To complete the smart fertigation system, application of water-soluble NPK fertilizer is the key tool. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to evaluate and select the optimum water soluble NPK rates used on growth, yield and fruit quality of watermelon under rain shelter structure. Watermelon seedlings were subjected to four water-soluble NPK fertilizer rates at 75%, 100% (Control - 108 kg N, 247.32 kg P and 153.6 kg K ), 125% and 150% based on common practices of NPK granular fertilizer used in watermelon at open field planting system for 65 days. Fertilizer rates induced at 150% significantly increased leaf number, leaf SPAD, total leaf area and leaf dry weight as compared to control at 14.17%, 16.22%, 21.55% and 15.06% respectively. Whereas, application of fertilizer at 125% significantly increased the leaf number, total leaf area and leaf dry weight with the respective increments of 11.5%, 17.19% and 13.08%. Based on regression trendline, application of 125% optimized the performances of the plants such as leaf number, total leaf area and fruit weight. To conclude, increasing 25% NPK standard fertilizer rate (125%) could be promising for watermelon cultivation throughout fertigation under open field planting system. Further trials in open field planting system needs to be undertaken to ensure the selected rates identified from this study could improve the whole performances of watermelon
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Sudirja, Rija, Muhammad Kholil Masruri, Pujawati Suryatmana, Santi Rosniawaty, Nadia Nuraniya Kamaluddin, and Apong Sandrawati. "Pengaruh Pupuk N Bio-organomineral terhadap pH, Nitrat, C-organik, Kandungan Pb Tanah dan Serapan Pb Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.) pada Sawah Tercemar Limbah Tekstil." soilrens 21, no. 2 (2024): 85–92. https://doi.org/10.24198/soilrens.v21i2.53453.
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Lead pollution in rice fields in Rancaekek is attributed to the inadequate processing of waste from the textile industry. This phenomenon engenders a decline in soil fertility, thereby posing a threat to both food quality and agricultural sustainability. Employing N Bio-Organomineral fertilizer stands as one of the measures aimed at ameliorating the quality of rice fields afflicted by heavy metal contamination, particularly lead (Pb). This study seeks to elucidate the impact of N Bio-Organomineral fertilizer on various soil parameters, namely pH, NO3 - , soil organic carbon (C-organic), soil Pb solubility, and plant Pb uptake. The research was conducted in Linggar Village, Rancaekek, spanning from December 2019 to April 2020. Utilizing a Randomized Block Design as the experimental setup consisted of eight treatments with four replications, including: a control (0), urea at 250 kg/ha, and varying doses of the fertilizer at 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1250, and 1500 kg/ha. N Bio-Organomineral fertilizer represents a modified form of nitrogen fertilizer comprising urea, zeolite, activated charcoal, and compost enriched with Bacillus subtilis, formulated in a ratio of 60:20:10:10, respectively. The findings indicate that the application of N Bio-Organomineral fertilizer leads to an augmentation in soil NO3 - and C-organic content, while concurrently mitigating the uptake of Pb by plants. Among the treatments, the application of 500 kg/ha of N Bio-Organomineral fertilizer emerges as the most efficacious in enhancing soil NO3 - and C-organic content, as well as diminishing Pb accumulation in plants
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Peryea, Frank J. "1023 MANAGING BORON NUTRITION IN DECIDUOUS TREE FRUIT ORCHARDS." HortScience 29, no. 5 (1994): 575a—575. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.575a.
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Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient that is often in inadequate supply in many deciduous tree fruit orchards and must therefore be added as fertilizer. It can also occur at phytotoxic levels because of over-fertilization, use of high-B irrigation water, or naturally in arid soils that are natively high in B. Tree B status is usually characterized by leaf analysis although other diagnostic criteria are being evaluated. Several tests are used to characterize soil B status. Symptoms of B deficiency include blossom blast, poor fruit set and development, shortened internodes, terminal bud death, and shoot dieback. To ameliorate deficiency, B fertilizer may be broadcast or sprayed over the soil surface or sprayed on tree canopies. In some regions, maintenance applications of B fertilizer are made to prevent development of B deficiency. Sodium borates or orthoboric acid are usually used. Fertilizer rates and timing vary with location and farming practices. Symptoms of B excess include reduced or no yield, impaired fruit quality, leaf marginal chlorosis and necrosis, defoliation, and shoot dieback. Boron toxicity is alleviated by leaching B-enriched soil to move B below the root zone.
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Frazão, Joaquim José, Vinicius de Melo Benites, Vitor Mateus Pierobon, João Victor Schiavon Ribeiro, and José Lavres. "A Poultry Litter-Derived Organomineral Phosphate Fertilizer Has Higher Agronomic Effectiveness Than Conventional Phosphate Fertilizer Applied to Field-Grown Maize and Soybean." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (2021): 11635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132111635.
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Inadequate disposal of poultry litter (PL) may promote eutrophication of water bodies due to its high nutrient content, including phosphorus (P). Thus, recycling P from PL to produce organomineral fertilizer (OMF), reduces the dependence on finite mineral P reserves, and also reduces P losses from soil. In this context, a field experiment was carried out to assess the agronomic effectiveness of a granular PL-derived OMF applied to maize and soybean in a highly weathered tropical soil. OMF was compared to single superphosphate (SSP) at five P rates between 0 and 70 kg ha−1. The shoot dry weight (SDW) and grain yields of soybean and maize were affected by P rates; however, no difference between OMF and SSP was found. A similar trend was observed for soil P and P uptake. The leaf P content and soil pH were not affected by either P sources or P rates. Although there was no difference between OMF and SSP on the crop yields, OMF had the highest relative agronomic effectiveness based on the SDW. These results show that the production of granular OMF from PL is a viable alternative to conventional P fertilizers and reduces the dependence of mineral P reserves.
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Gelgelo Geyeto Geserto and Zenebe Mekonnen Adare. "Blended NPSB fertilizer rates effect on growth, yield and yield components of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) varieties at konso, Southern Ethiopia." International Journal of Scientific Research Updates 3, no. 2 (2022): 050–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.53430/ijsru.2022.3.2.0036.
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Sesame is an important cash and food oil crop cultivated in low lands of Ethiopia. However, sesame productivity was constrained due to declining soil fertility, inadequate extension and demonstration of improved high yielding varieties. Thus, response of sesame varieties to rates of blended NPSB fertilizer was studied at Konso, Southern Ethiopia, during 2019/2020 cropping season to determine sesame varieties and blended NPSB fertilizer rate on growth, yield, and yield components. The experiment consisted of three sesame varieties and five blended NPSB fertilizer rates laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Results of analysis showed that days to crop phenology, growth, seed yield and oil content variables were significantly (p˂0.05) affected due to sesame varieties and blended NPSB fertilizer rates. Variety Setit-2 showed maximum plant height (153.83cm), number of nods plant-1 (31), number of branches plant-1 (8), number of capsules plant-1 (129), number of seeds capsule-1 (67) and 1000 seed weight (3.52g). Maximum number of days to 50% flowering (54), days to physiological maturity (93), plant height (146.17cm) and oil content (58.51%) were recorded at 200 kg ha-1 blended NPSB fertilizer. High nods plant-1 (32), number of branches plant-1 (8), number of capsules plant-1 (141), number of seeds capsule-1 (68) and thousand seed weight (3.87g) were recorded at 100 kg ha-1 blended NPSB fertilizer. The highest above ground dry biomass (4298.96 kg ha-1), harvest index (25.6%), seed yield (1099.33 kg ha-1) and oil yield (616.16 kg ha-1) recorded from variety Setit-2 when combined with 100kg ha-1blended NPSB fertilizer. Thus, blended fertilizer at rate of 100kg NPSB ha-1 and Setit-2 were suggested for sesame production the study area.
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Sangija, F., M. Kazosi, M. Martin, and A. Matemu. "Trends and constraints in the utilization of African nightshade (Solanum nigrum complex) in Tanzania: A case study of Kilimanjaro and Morogoro regions." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 22, no. 111 (2022): 20623–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.111.22065.
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African nightshade (ANS, Solanum nigrum complex) is among the most widely distributed and consumed indigenous vegetables in Tanzania. Several challenges hamper the utilization of ANS. This study sought to assess trends and constraints to ANS utilization in Kilimanjaro and Morogoro regions, Tanzania. Quantitative and qualitative methods were employed to collect information on ANS production, processing, and postharvest handling. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data, whereas focus group discussion (FGDs) was used to collect qualitative data. A total of 627 farmers participated to fill questionnaire, and about eight FGDs with 6 - 10 participants conducted in Kilimanjaro and Morogoro. The results showed that 72.1% of farmers grow different ANS species, with Solanum scabrum vastly cultivated. Also, 79.4% of ANS farmers use irrigation, handheld hoe (97.6%), pesticides (70.7%), and fertilizer (64.8%) to produce ANS. African nightshade is mainly used as food (96.1%), animal feed (41.3%), and medicine (38%). On average, only 5% of ANS sales contributed to family income. Findings show that the main constraints to ANS utilization were pests and diseases (92.9%), lack of knowledge (58%), fertilizer shortages (51%), shortages of pesticides (50%), inadequate means of transport (50.4%), lack of extension services (48%), improper postharvest handling (41.4%) and inadequate storage facilities (34%). Postharvest losses accounted for 78.4% loss of ANS. Mitigation measures were; harvesting in small quantities (54.5%) and instant selling (61.9%) of fresh ANS. Drying (5.3%) and fermentation (1.1%) were the minimal value addition methods for ANS preservation. Moreover, boiling (63.0%) and frying (45.4%) were the typical methods of cooking ANS. More emphasis should be placed on good agricultural practices, providing knowledge to farmers, and supporting access to agricultural inputs such as pesticides, fertilizers, and quality seeds. Furthermore, knowledge of the processing and preservation of ANS is necessary for farmers to improve utilization, reduce losses, and ensure ANS availability. Also, research should focus on breeding local cultivar, which is resistant to pests and diseases. Key words: African nightshades, Solanum nigrum complex, cultivation, postharvest handling, utilization, processing, preservation
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Sarkodee-Addo, Elsie, Chihiro Tokiwa, Patrick Bonney, et al. "Biofertilizer Activity of Azospirillum sp. B510 on the Rice Productivity in Ghana." Microorganisms 9, no. 9 (2021): 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9092000.
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Rice production in Ghana has become unsustainable due to the extremely nutrient-poor soils. It is caused by inadequate soil fertility management, including the inefficient application of fertilizers. A practical solution could be the biofertilizers, Azospirillum sp. B510. We performed field trials in Ghana and Japan to compare the effects of B510 colonization on selected Ghanaian rice varieties grown. The B510 inoculation significantly enhanced the rice cultivars’ growth and yield. The phenotypic characteristics observed in rice varieties Exbaika, Ex-Boako, AgraRice, and Amankwatia were mainly short length and high tillering capacity. These features are attributed to the host plant (cv. Nipponbare), from which the strain B510 was isolated. Furthermore, Azospirillum species has been identified as the dominant colonizing bacterium of rice rhizosphere across a diverse range of agroecologies in all major rice-growing regions in Ghana. Our results suggest that the utilization of B510 as a bio-fertilizer presents a promising way to improve rice growth, enhance soil fertility, and sustain rice productivity in Ghana.
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Chiy, P. C., and C. J. C. Phillips. "The effects of sodium fertilizer application to perennial ryegrass pasture and direct sodium supplementation on dairy cow production and grazing preference." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1991 (March 1991): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600020031.
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At least 25% of herbage grown in Britain contains Inadequate sodium (Na) for lactating cows (Baxter, 1968). The chances of defelcincy have been increased in recent years as more potassium (K) fertilizer has been applied which reduces herbage Na content. Voluntary DM intake of conserved feeds supplemented with Nacl is increased up to 5.5g Na/kgDM but thereafter declines (Shnelder et al., 1986). There is evidence that ruminants will select a high Na diet even when Na requirements are met (Michell and Moss, 1988). Milk yield responses to increased dietary sodium above ARC (1980) recommended allowances have been observed in some experiments (Mallonee, 1984; Schneider et al., 1988) but not in others (O'Connor et al, 1988). This experiment aimed to examine the effects of Nacl application to perennial ryegrass pasture on herbage and dairy cattle productivity, on the preference for Nacl fertilized pasture and to distinguish these effects from those of direct supplementation in concentrates.
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Dr. Satyaveer Yadav and Neeraj. "The Influence of Technological Advancements on Agricultural Yield: Analyzing Modern Farming Methods in Mahendergarh, Haryana’." Universal Research Reports 12, no. 2 (2025): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.36676/urr.v12.i2.1478.
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Through an examination of contemporary farming practices in the Mahendergarh district of Haryana, the impact that technical improvements have had on agricultural production. Especially during the Green Revolution in the 1960s, Haryana has seen a considerable increase in agricultural production as a result of the implementation of various technologies. These technologies include high-yielding variety (HYV) seeds, motorized farm tools, irrigation infrastructure, herbicides, and fertilizers. As part of its efforts to reduce fuel use and boost revenue, the state government has also installed solar irrigation pumps in order to encourage the use of solar energy in agricultural production.In the Mahendergarh district, despite the use of modern procedures, suboptimal yields have been achieved as a result of issues such as delayed sowing, improper seed rates, imbalanced fertilizer delivery, unregulated weed development, and inadequate plant protection measures. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect that these technological interventions have had on the crops that are produced in the region.
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OLUWABUNI, Ogunladea Adewuy, and Elizabeth R. Ibitayo. "ARIMAX Model for Mango Price Prediction System Using Image Processing." Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Emerging Technologies 01, no. 01 (2024): 19–24. https://doi.org/10.47001/jaiet/2024.101003.
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The Nigeria agriculture sector, which contributes 10% of GDP, relies on fruit cultivation. Farmers, particularly mango farmers, face unpredictable crop demands, affecting their economy and causing excess food waste. This is due to inadequate education, outdated traditional beliefs, and a lack of understanding of customer consumption trends. Establishing a proper mango price prediction system is crucial to address these issues. Farmers face financial losses due to plant issues, including illnesses and insect infestations, limiting growth and affecting yield. Manual identification is challenging, and limited availability of agricultural experts leads to delays, insufficient problem recognition, and insufficient understanding of fertilizers and pesticides. Mango fruit in Nigeria has high market value, but farmers lack knowledge on harvest quality. This study aims to identify factors affecting these areas and develop a mobile app with price predictor, pest and disease identification, fertilizer suggestion, and mango quality predictor. The system aims to guide users towards effective resource sharing and high-quality decision-making.
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Ortaş, İbrahim. "Possible Implications of the Anthropocene on Climate Change and Soil Health." International Journal of Agricultural and Applied Sciences 5, no. 2 (2024): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.52804/ijaas2024.521.
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Anthropogenic and climatic factors influence soil's physical, chemical, and biological properties, setting the stage for agriculture's sustainability. Soil is a primary carbon sink crucial for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, making soil health essential for mitigating climate change. Healthy soil enhances climate resilience by maintaining or increasing carbon content and lowering emissions. The overuse of fertilisers pollutes the environment and inadequate application damages soil fertility and microbial activity. The conversion of forests and pastures to agricultural land has resulted in significant carbon losses from the soil. Additionally, soil sealing, air pollution, and industrial contamination all contribute to climate change. Harmful practices such as heavy tillage, land neglect, monoculture cultivation, and excessive chemical use, driven by the pressure to meet growing food demand, have led to soil compaction, degradation, pollution, and nutrient imbalances. Current mismanaged crop and soil techniques deteriorate soil quality; however, by increasing carbon storage in mineral soils and removing emissions from organic soils, sustainable management can contribute to climate neutrality. Climate change can be exacerbated by the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere from unsustainable farming practices and poorly managed soils. The purpose of this study is to investigate the detrimental impacts of anthropogenic (Anthropocene) effects on the environment and soil health from a comprehensive perspective and to formulate potential recommendations. The European Union’s Green Deal, Bioeconomy, and Farm to Fork initiatives aim to sustainably transform agriculture in response to climate challenges. These strategies aim to reduce chemical pesticide use by 50%, fertilizer use by 20%, and nutrient losses by 50% by 2030 to preserve soil fertility. These management practices include efficient fertilizer use to maintain soil health and mitigate climate change effects. Restoring degraded soils and implementing conservation measures can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase carbon storage capacity. Sustainable soil and crop management, including crop rotation, minimizing post-harvest ploughing, preserving vegetation cover, boosting organic matter, and using fertilizers sensibly, is urgently needed to minimize greenhouse gas emissions and store atmospheric carbon dioxide in soil.
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Mu, Tianqi, Xiulu Yue, Zhennan Zang, et al. "Coupling Effect of Water and Soluble Organic Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Panax notoginseng under Micro-Sprinkler Irrigation in Southwest China." Agronomy 13, no. 7 (2023): 1742. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071742.
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The cultivation of Panax notoginseng has been plagued by a multitude of challenges, including recurrent diseases, suboptimal value, inadequate quality, and environmental degradation resulting from improper water and fertilizer management. To address these issues and improve the yield of P. notoginseng and its saponin content, this study endeavors to identify the optimal irrigation and fertilization levels in shaded environments in Yunnan Province in Southwest China. In this field experiment, three-year-old plants were tested to evaluate the effects of water, soluble organic fertilizers, and their combinations on plant growth, physiological parameters, yield, and saponin content. The experiment included 12 treatments with three types of irrigation (10 (W1), 15 (W2), and 20 (W3) mm), totaling 440, 660, and 880 mm, and four levels of the total amount of fertilization (F1 (60, total N 12.6, total P 5.5, and total K 10.5 kg ha−1), F2 (90, total N 18.9, total P 8.3, and total K 15.7 kg ha−1), F3 (120, total N 25.2, total P 11.0, and total K 20.9 kg ha−1), F4 (150, total N 31.5, total P 13.8, and total K 26.1 kg ha−1)). The randomized complete block design was used, with 36 plots in total and 3 replications. The study utilized the TOPSIS method to determine the most effective water and fertilizer management strategy for the growth and production of P. notoginseng. The assessment of yield, water and fertilizer productivity, and saponin content across all treatments revealed that the W3F3 treatment resulted in significant increases in the plant’s height, stem diameter, and net photosynthetic rate. Meanwhile, the W2F3 treatment exhibited the best root morphological traits. The W3F4 treatment effectively increased dry matter and transpiration. The combination of water and fertilization had a coupling effect that not only increased yield to 1400 kg ha−1 but also improved water–fertilizer productivity. The application of the W2F3 treatment resulted in a significant increase in the accumulation of active components, leading to a total P. notoginseng saponin (PNS) content of 24.94%. Moreover, the comprehensive index obtained through the TOPSIS model indicated that the W2F3 treatment outperformed other treatments. Therefore, this treatment can be considered a promising water and fertilizer model for P. notoginseng cultivation, which can enhance its yield, quality, and productivity while promoting sustainable green development.
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KISINYO, P. O., C. O. OTHIENO, S. O. GUDU, et al. "IMMEDIATE AND RESIDUAL EFFECTS OF LIME AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER ON SOIL ACIDITY AND MAIZE PRODUCTION IN WESTERN KENYA." Experimental Agriculture 50, no. 1 (2013): 128–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479713000318.
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SUMMARYSoil acidity and phosphorus (P) deficiency are some of the major causes of low maize yields in Kenya. This study determined the immediate and residual effects of lime and P fertilizer on soil pH, exchangeable aluminium (Al), available P, maize grain yield, agronomic P use and P fertilizer recovery efficiencies on a western Kenya acid soil. The treatments were: P fertilizer (0, 26 and 52 kg P ha−1as triple super phosphate) and lime (0, 2, 4 and 6 tons lime ha−1) applied once at the beginning of the study. A burnt liming material with 92.5% calcium carbonate equivalent was used. Soil samples were analysed prior to and after treatment application. The site had low soil pH–H2O (4.9), available P (2.3 mg kg−1), total N (0.17%), high Al (2.0 cmol kg−1exchangeable Al and 29% Al saturation). Lime reduced soil pH and exchangeable Al, leading to increased soil available P. Lime at 2, 4 and 6 tons ha−1maintained soil pH ≥ 5.5 for 2, 3 and 4 years, respectively. The study observed that the recommended P fertilizer rate (26 kg P ha−1) for maize production in Kenya was inadequate to raise soil available P to the critical level (≥10 mg P kg−1soil bicarbonate extractable P) required for healthy maize growth. To maintain soil available P at the critical level where 52 kg P ha−1and combined 52 kg P ha−1+ 4 tons lime ha−1were applied, it would be necessary to reapply the same P fertilizer rate after every one and two cropping seasons, respectively. The 4-year mean grain yield increments were 0.17, 0.34, 0.50, 0.58 and 1.17 tons ha−1due to 2, 4, 6 tons lime ha−1, 26 kg P and 52 kg P ha−1, respectively. Both agronomic P use and P fertilizer recovery efficiencies increased with increasing rates of lime and decreased with increasing rates of P fertilizer. Therefore, combined applications of both lime and P fertilizer are important for enhancing maize production on P-deficient acid soils in western Kenya.
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Chianu, Jonas Nwankwo, and Hiroshi Tsujii. "Integrated Nutrient Management in the Farming Systems of the Savannas of Northern Nigeria: What Future?" Outlook on Agriculture 34, no. 3 (2005): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000005774378856.
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Integrated nutrient management (INM) is being promoted in Sub-Saharan Africa. The authors examined INM practices among farmers in the savannas of northern Nigeria in the hope of making suggestions to improve the impact of INM practices on soil fertility. The results indicate that, although the various components of INM are available in the farming systems, only a partial integration is occurring with limited impact on soil fertility. The major constraints include: the harsh savanna environment, lack of supportive institutions and labour, high fertilizer prices and inadequate availability of organic manure. Strip cropping of improved sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and dual-purpose cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) and integrated fertility management using neem foliage and half the recommended fertilizer rate have great potential. The study recommends more research, extension and policies to enhance the adoption and impact of INM practices.
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Druva, Patha. "AI Based Farmer’s Assistance Chatbot." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 5 (2023): 6832–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.53180.
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Abstract: India has established itself as a prominent player in the global agriculture sector and has predominantly relied on an agriculture-based economy. However, a significant number of farmers and individuals involved in agriculture face various challenges due to limited knowledge of agricultural production. These challenges include inadequate farming techniques, insufficient crop materials, improper crop planning, and imbalanced fertilizer usage. This project presents a prototype of a chatbot framework designed to assist individuals, including farmers, in managing their crops and predicting their needs. The chatbot predicts fertilizer requirements, nutrient levels in crops, and provides valuable knowledge to users regarding basic agricultural needs. The structure employs Natural Language Processing and draws information from pre-determined data to deliver responses to user queries. To ensure accuracy, the chatbot analyzes previous interactions and sources data from "The Indian Council of Agricultural Research."
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Bitew, Banchamlak, Eyayu Molla, Tilahun Tadesse, and Dejen Bekis. "Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Soil Properties of Lowland Rice on Vertisols of Fogera District, Northwestern Ethiopia." American Journal of Applied Chemistry 12, no. 3 (2024): 64–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20241203.12.
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Declining land productivity due to low soil fertility status as a result of continuous cultivation, inadequate use of organic and inorganic fertilizers is a major cause for decline crop productivity. Hence, a field experiment was conducted at Fogera National Rice Research and Training Center (FNRRTC) during the 2021 cropping season to determine the effects of integrated use of farmyard manure (FYM) and nitrogen fertilizer on soil properties and yield of lowland rice on the vertisols of Fogera district. The treatments were factorial combination of three levels of FYM (0, 5, and 7.5 t ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) and four levels of Nitrogen (0, 46, 92, and 184 kg ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;). The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Representative soil samples were collected at a depth of 0-20 cm before treatment application and after crop harvest, and analyzed following the standard laboratory procedures. All collected soil data were analyzed by using SAS software (version 9.4). After crop harvest the results showed that soil pH, OC, TN, CEC, Exc. K, Ca, Mg and Av.P were significantly (p&lt;0.01) affected by the main effects of FYM. The combined applications of FYM and N fertilizer also significantly (p&lt;0.01) affected CEC, OC and Exc.Mg. The highest soil CEC, OC and Exc.Mg were recorded from the combine effects of 7.5 t/kg with 92 kg/ha. From the results of this experiment, it could be concluded that combined application of FYM and inorganic N fertilizers improved the chemical and physical properties, which may lead to enhanced and sustainable production of rice in the study area.