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Journal articles on the topic "Inanda (KwaZulu-Natal)"
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Pryor, M. J., D. Nozaic, S. D. Freese, and R. Rajagopaul. "The use of granular activated carbon for the treatment of impounded surface water." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 10-11 (1999): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0655.
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Increased levels of nutrients and pollutants are expected in the Inanda Dam (KwaZulu Natal, South Africa) as a result of wastewater effluent discharge, informal settlements and agricultural runoff in the catchment. Contaminants of atrazine and 2-methyl isoborneol were dosed into the feed water of a granular activated carbon (GAC) pilot plant to assess the performance of different process options for the treatment of Inanda Dam water. It was found that the use of ozonation and GAC did not result in increased levels of biological activity as expected. The use of ozone in conjunction with GAC is however recommended as significant benefit was obtained in the reduction of UV absorbance, chlorine demand and concentrations of other microcontaminants.
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Blessing Ngcobo, Nkosinathi, Pranitha Maharaj, and Divane Nzima. "Men’s motivation for contraceptive use in Inanda township, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Culture, Health & Sexuality 21, no. 8 (2018): 957–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2018.1521992.
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Hemson, David. "“For sure you are going to die!”: Political participation and the comrade movement in Inanda, Kwazulu‐Natal." Social Dynamics 22, no. 2 (1996): 74–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02533959608458612.
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Narainsamy, Jayalakshmi, Jennifer Chipps, and Bilkish Cassim. "Depressive symptoms in community-dwelling persons aged ≥60 years in Inanda, Ntuzuma and KwaMashu in eThekwini, KwaZulu-Natal." South African Journal of Psychiatry 21, no. 1 (2015): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v21i1.576.
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<p><strong>Background. </strong>Physical and psychological ailments increase with age; while the physical ailments are well documented, mental health issues have received less attention. </p><p><strong>Objective.</strong> To determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated risk factors in individuals aged <strong>≥</strong>60 years living in a low-resource peri-urban area in South Africa. </p><p><strong>Methods. </strong>Secondary analysis was performed on data obtained from a primary study conducted to determine the influence of socioeconomic and environmental factors on the health status and quality of life in older persons living in the Inanda, Ntuzuma and KwaMashu (INK) area. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression Scale (CES-D 10) was used to screen for depressive symptoms in the week preceding the interview, and respondents were categorised as having no (score &lt;10), mild (10 - 14), or severe (&gt;14) depressive symptoms. Risk factor associations were tested using Pearson’s χ<sup>2</sup> tests and logistic regression. </p><p><strong>Results. </strong>There were 1 008 respondents (mean (standard deviation) age 68.9 (7.4) years), of whom 503 (49.1%) did not meet criteria for depressive symptoms. Of the 505 (50.1%) respondents who met the CES-D 10 criteria for depressive symptoms, 422 (41.9%) had mild and 83 (8.2%) had severe depressive symptoms. In the univariate analysis, significant associations were found with age (<em>p=</em>0.011), household size (<em>p=</em>0.007), income (<em>p=</em>0.033), disability (<em>p=</em>0.001), nutritional status (<em>p</em>≤0.001), the inability to count on family (<em>p=</em>0.008) and lack of mastery (<em>p</em>≤0.001). In direct binary logistic regression, there were significant associations with lack of mastery (<em>p≤</em>0.001), inability to count on family (<em>p=</em>0.027), malnutrition (<em>p</em>≤0.001) and household size (<em>p=</em>0.024).</p><p><strong>Conclusion. </strong>This study highlights the high prevalence of depressive symptoms in the elderly in the INK area, and the need to promote successful ageing of the elderly population in this area.</p>
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Nzama, P. F., and C. Napier. "Nutritional adequacy of menus offered to children of 2 - 5 years in registered childcare facilities in Inanda, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa." South African Journal of Child Health 11, no. 2 (2017): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/sajch.2017.v11i2.1192.
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Ntshanga, Sbongile P., Paulos S. Ngcobo, and Musawenkosi L. H. Mabaso. "Establishment of a Community Advisory Board (CAB) for tuberculosis control and research in the Inanda, Ntuzuma and KwaMashu (INK) area of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Health Policy 95, no. 2-3 (2010): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2009.12.004.
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Hlongwa, Zethembiso C., and Saajida Mahomed. "Factors influencing patients’ choice of clinic at Inanda, KwaZulu-Natal." African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine 13, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v13i1.2968.
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Background: In South Africa, patients are meant to attend the clinic close to their place of residence. However, patients often choose which clinic to attend, which results in overcrowding.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the structural and process factors influencing patients’ choice to attend a community health centre (CHC) in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Setting: The study was conducted at the Inanda C Community Health Centre (CHC).Methods: Systematic random sampling was used to select study participants. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data and assess the factors influencing patients’ choice to attend this CHC.Results: There were 400 patients who participated. The commonest structural indicator that patients agreed on as the reason they attend Inanda C CHC was because it has enough medication (126, 73.3%). There was a significant difference in the proportion of patients who agreed that seeing a doctor instead of nurse was a reason for attending this clinic with 118 (68.6%) patients from within the catchment area and 170 (74.6%) from outside the catchment area. The commonest process indicators that patients from within and outside the catchment area agreed on as reasons for attending Inanda C CHC were ‘the doctor or nurse explains my sickness and treatment to me’ and ‘I get good quality of care’.Conclusion: The structural and process indicators that influence patients’ choice of clinic may need to be improved at other clinics in this area in order to decrease the overcrowding at this clinic.
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Nkambule, Sizwe S., Happy Z. Buthelezi, and Suveshnee Munien. "Opportunities and constraints for community-based conservation: The case of the KwaZulu-Natal Sandstone Sourveld grassland, South Africa." Bothalia 46, no. 2 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v46i2.2120.
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Background: South Africa is characterised by high levels of biodiversity and species endemism alongside critical levels of socio-economic vulnerability, demonstrating potential for conservation practices that provide both environmental and social benefits. It is argued that communitybased conservation (CBC) practices can be strategically positioned to achieve environmental conservation objectives as well as promote local-level socio-economic development. The KwaZulu-Natal Sandstone Sourveld (KZNSS) vegetation type is classified as endemic (to KZN, South Africa), and is at present listed as endangered. Additionally, one of the KZNSS grassland patches occurs adjacent to the low-income peri-urban community of iNanda. The study examined local community uses and perceptions of the vegetation type. Objectives: To examine the uses, perceptions and attitudes displayed by the iNanda community towards the KZNSS grassland patch. Furthermore, it is hoped that the results of this study can be utilised to inform the potential use of CBC strategies within socio-economic contexts such as iNanda. Method: A mixed methodological approach was adopted, focusing on iNanda as the case study. One hundred households were purposively interviewed. Descriptive and chi-square statistical tests were carried out to examine main data trends. Results: Respondents displayed alarming levels of unemployment (61%) and 34% relied on state grants as a source of household income. Households used the grassland for subsistence (51%), grazing (14%), recreational (13%) and cultural purposes (12%). Respondents displayed limited awareness of conservation and the ecological importance of the grassland. However, respondents recognised the need to conserve the grassland based on their perception of changes to the adjacent patch. Conclusion: Potential grassland conservation plans should consider the current use displayed by respondents. Participatory approaches to conservation such as CBC initiatives could provide much-needed socio-economic and conservation benefits.
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Drury, Charmaine C., Syd Ramdhani, Sershen Naidoo, Clinton Carbutt, Renira Boodhraj, and Philani Mbatha. "A lot gone but still hanging on: Floristics of remnant patches of endangered KwaZulu-Natal Sandstone Sourveld." Bothalia 46, no. 2 (2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v46i2.2110.
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Background: KwaZulu-Natal Sandstone Sourveld (KZNSS) is an endangered subtropical grassland type, of which a large proportion occurs within the eThekwini Municipal Area (EMA).Objectives: Examining the flora of KZNSS will allow a more fundamental understanding of the potential variability across remnant patches of this vegetation type, increasing the ability to accurately delimit KZNSS from adjacent similar vegetation types.Method: Floristic data were collected using quadrats and transects for three recognised KZNSS sites (Giba Gorge Environmental Precinct (GGEP), Inanda Mountain (IM) and Springside Nature Reserve (SSNR)), all within the EMA. Alpha diversity (Shannon’s exponential and Simpson’s inverse indices) and beta diversity measures were calculated and compared across all sites. An unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) analysis using the Jaccard index and a non-parametric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination were used to assess similarity amongst quadrats across the three sites.Results: One hundred and thirty-one plant species were found to occur in GGEP, 95 in IM and 121 in SSNR. However, of the total 193 species found to occur collectively (i.e. quadrat and transect data combined) across the three sites, only 50 species were common to all these sites. The results of the alpha and beta diversity analyses revealed significant floristic variability both within and across the KZNSS sites sampled, with Shannon’s exponential index being highest in SSNR, followed by GGEP and lowest in IM. The lack of controlled access and unregulated burning regimes appear to have clearly affected the flora at the IM site in terms of species richness and increased evenness, as well as the relatively greater presence of introduced alien species and lower abundances of taxa of conservation concern. The pristine GGEP site had the highest number of species in total, with species being less evenly spread across the site, as well as the highest number of taxa conservation and low abundances of alien species. The main separations in the ordination results can be attributed to quadrat sampling performed pre- and post-burn.Conclusion: The floristic distinction of IM from GGEP and SSNR is attributed here to the intermediate disturbance effect of fire in grasslands which can lead to species loss if burning is too frequent. The implications of these findings are discussed in the context of the delimitation, classification and management of KZNSS
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Inanda (KwaZulu-Natal)"
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Maharaj, Nuthan. "Governance and service delivery a case-study of sanitation in Inanda, Durban." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/10059.
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The sanitation crisis is a growing pandemic in most developing countries, globally, including
in South Africa. It is exacerbated by increasing urbanization, poverty, lack of political will,
poor institutional response and limited financial resources to address the increasing demands.
The sanitation situation in Inanda in Durban is no different. This study examines a ‘trialogue’
of governance, sanitation and service delivery in Inanda. It investigates the approach to
sanitation delivery, capturing the impact of policy implementation through the real
experiences of communities in Inanda.
The theorisation for this study is built on debates relating to governance as an analytical lens.
It also draws on Foucault’s theory of governmentality to understand how government
functions in an environment internal and external to itself to manage and distribute public
resources as a service to the governed. Government employs the ‘art of governing’ through
regulation and the rule of law to achieve its service delivery goals. In the delivery of
sanitation in South Africa the government adopts a multi-stakeholder governance approach,
requiring inter-spheral and inter-department synergy, together with cooperation from the local
communities and other sectors.
The predominant qualitative account of sanitation governance is achieved through utilising a
case-study design as a methodological approach. The case-study design allowed the
researcher to delve deeper into smaller cases employing multi-method data gathering
techniques. Triangulation increased the reliability and credibility of the findings presented.
The empirical investigation of this research concentrates on the experiences of local
communities in Inanda, exploring the impact of policy choices for sanitation delivery. In
addition, it captures the application of governance principles by practitioners to meet
sanitation demands in the varying geo-spatial formations, different housing typologies and
absence of bulk infrastructure in the peri-urban and rural settings in the study area. The study
paid special attention to imperatives such as local governance and participation; access to
basic services as a Constitutional right; access to sanitation to advance a better quality of life
through adequate facilities, improved hygiene education and access to water to complement
sanitation goals.
The study revealed that sanitation delivery in Inanda was fraught with developmental
challenges. The eThekwini Municipality’s Water and Sanitation Unit, responsible for the
provision of sanitation to the communities of Inanda is challenged with increasing
populations, unplanned settlements, weak institutional response to operations and
maintenance, limited financial resources, inadequate integrated and spatial planning, and
moving targets due to increasing demands for sanitation services in Inanda. Poor sludge
management threatens environmental integrity and community health. The Municipality’s
interim response to the sanitation needs of informal/unplanned settlements had little impact on
user satisfaction as the high cost of infrastructure limits the quantity and quality of facilities
provided. Communities find it difficult to utilise governments’ choice of sanitation facilities
provided to them due to poor quality infrastructure, inadequate of maintenance and care of
facilities, lack of effective sludge evacuation strategies for ventilated improved pit toilets, and
inability to use and maintain the eco-san innovations instituted by the eThekwini Water and
Sanitation Unit. Inadequate sanitation facilities exposed communities to the hazards of crime,
disease, indignity, perpetuation of poverty and discrimination as well as a perception that,
approximately 18 years into the democratic era, government has failed the people, as majority
of the households in Inanda still do not have their own toilet facility.<br>Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2012.
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Hlatshwayo, Vusumuzi S. "An investigation into the implementation of the developmental appraisal system in a former KZNDEC high school in the Inanda district of the Kwazulu-Natal Department of Education and Culture." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/1911.
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One of the results of an increasing concern, in many countries, with the quality of schooling and its improvement, has been that considerable attention has been given, in the literature and in practice, to the management of individual and organisational performance. The matter of organisational performance is being addressed through various means of evaluating schools, and in South Africa, this is finding expression in the current Whole School Evaluation (WSE) project. On the other hand, concerns with individual performance typically are being addressed through various forms of systematic appraisal of teachers. In South Africa, the recently introduced variant of systematic appraisal is referred to as the "Developmental Appraisal System" (DAS). The DAS is claimed to focus entirely on developmental outcomes. According to Chetty et al (1993), prior to 1994, a variety of processes for evaluating teacher performance were evident, but most of these were substantially "bureaucratic and inspectorial" in nature, and were widely rejected by teachers. Consequently, the current approach to appraisal has been developed largely in reaction what were seen to be the limitations and shortcomings of earlier versions. Chetty et al (op.cit.) and Thurlow with Ramnarain (2001) have summarised and discussed the processes which led to the development of the DAS, which culminated in an agreement which was reached in the Education Labour Relations Council in 1998 (Resolution 4 of 1998). Subsequently the new DAS was gazetted and throughout 1999 and 2000 the process of its implementation was embarked upon in all schools. It was intended that a nation review of the implementation of DAS was due to have taken place by the end of 2002. However, for whatever reason, this has not happened and there is no substantial evidence about how successful, or otherwise, the implementation has been. Thurlow with Ramnarain (op. cit) have speculated, without empirical evidence, on the limitations of the implementation process, and the Association of Professional Educators of KwaZulu-Natal (APEK) undertook a limited review of the DAS among some of its members during 2001 . The literature on the assessment of individual performance indicates that, minimally, any evaluation of systematic appraisal system requires that attention should be given to its underlying purposes (or conceptualisation), the process of its implementation, and its ultimate impact. As far as underlying purposes are concerned, it is evident that several different "models" for appraisal exist in different parts of the world (and in the literature). Some of these models are "pure" models, while some are "mixed" by design. Some, while officially conceived as "pure", in fact may be shown to have unintended outcomes. In the present study, the DAS will be examined and compared with other models with a view to offering a considered critique of the "officially" declared underlying purposes of the system. The above provides the context for this study, which will focus on one school's experiences of implementing the DAS. No matter how sound are the intentions of the DAS, it can only be successful if it is effectively implemented at the school level, and so the reported experiences of those involved at this level are significant.<br>Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2002.
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Dass, Melanie. "Small and micro enterprises as a means to fostering local economic development in African townships : the case of Inanda." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2309.
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Nkani, Frances Nomvuyo. "Factors that explain gender based-violence [sic] amongst secondary school learners in the Inanda area." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/3082.
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The prevalence of gender-based violence in South African schools has been
identified by the research and the Department of Education has
acknowledged its existence. However, little has been done to alleviate the
problem. Female learners are continually victimized by male learners at
school.
The purpose of this study was to examine the factors that explain gender-based
violence amongst learners from three secondary schools in the Inanda
area. Inanda is a predominantly informal settlement area on the outskirts of
Durban, in South Africa.
This study has largely focussed on female learners as victims of gender-based
violence perpetrated by male learners. Both quantitative and qualitative
methods had been adopted through which data was collected. School records
were reviewed and one perpetrator and the victim were chosen from each
school. The two participants were then, interviewed in order to get both
perspectives.
The data collected revealed that there are other kinds of gender-based
violence besides those that were identified from the records review. The
findings from the interviews outlined the factors that explain gender-based
violence in schools. In conclusion, some recommendations were made in the
light of the findings.<br>Thesis (M.Ed.) - University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2006.
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Jooravan, Amith. "Viability of an electronic cash management system for fuel retailers in Inanda and Phoenix." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/10876.
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Many prospective fuel retailers are turning away from the industry due to the high cash volumes and the risks associated with cash management. Due to the regulation of the retail fuel price the profit margins are small. Therefore cash flow management is extremely important as fuel prices are adjusted monthly and cash needs to be readily available to make payments to the fuel suppliers.
The cycle of cash from the point of sale system until the money reflects in the bank account can take several days. This affects the cash flow and is critical at the end of month fuel orders especially when there is a fuel price increase.
Cash notes in circulation have continued to grow even despite the advent of electronic fund transfers. With service stations now being opened in areas were the inhabitants were regarded as “un-bankable” cash is still the primary means of trade.
Security of cash and the security of those handling cash is a deterrent to the opening of businesses that deal with large volumes of cash notes. Anytime a human being touches cash there is a built-in level of inefficiency and the potential for loss.
The aim of the study will be conducted into the viability of an electronic drop safe system within the retail fuel outlets in the Phoenix and Inanda areas.
A sample of 35 fuel retail sites was drawn from the area with a population of 39 across all fuel brands. Data collection was done via a researcher administered questionnaire that was developed by the researcher. Face to face interviews were used as questions are based on cash security were asked.
The respondents’ results revealed that they perceive real benefits to be offered by the electronic cash management system with respect to reconciliation and cash flow efficiencies.<br>Thesis (MBA)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2011.
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Sithole, Thandeka Charity Nonkululeko. "An evaluation of the expanded public works programme in poverty alleviation in Inanda, Ntuzuma and KwaMashu." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/9945.
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The Inanda, Ntuzuma, KwaMashu (INK) area has been the main concern of the eThekwini Municipality. This area has been marked for its poverty and crime rate which is very high and has a bigger population. In terms of the eThekwini Municipality’s Intergrated Development Plan (IDP) and the Local Economic Development (LED) this area needs to fight poverty through providing sustainable programmes that will lead to economic growth and development thus changing the lives of many. There are policies and strategies that the government has embarked on to fight poverty and
unemployment in the country but still this pandemic is growing. This study looked at how government has intervened in this community through the Expanded Public Works Programme (EPWP). This programme is intended for those people who have no employment or any source of income and its aim is to reach the poorest of the poor anywhere in the country. A sample was chosen through the purposeful method from a population frame of all people in the INK area who had worked in the EPWP. The researcher also used community leaders in the area who had been directly involved in the programme. The researcher obtained data from primary sources, which are individuals that were involved in the study. The researcher used both self-administered
questionnaires and structured interviews for this study. The interviews were conducted with the community and community leaders. The questionnaires comprised of open-ended and closed-ended questions. The reason for using open-ended questions was to allow respondents a chance to give their opinions and make useful comments. The results are indicative of government strides to reduce poverty. The impact of the programme seems positive. This is mainly because of the knowledge and skills that the beneficiaries gained during the programme. The issue of job creation is still a major challenge in terms of addressing poverty in the INK area.<br>Thesis (MPA)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 2010.
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Maharaj, Yajna. "Solar energy in peri-urban areas of Inanda, South Africa : examining attitudes and challenges." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/11203.
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Access to modern energy is central to addressing important global development challenges including poverty, inequality, climate change, food security, health and education. The understanding of the concept of energy poverty is critical when making any attempts to alleviate it. Lack of access to sustainable energy is also a major factor preventing social and economic development, both of which are linked to sustainable poverty reduction. However, worldwide access to energy has shown very slow progress because of the costs associated with electric grid extensions and decentralized systems by which power is offered. This study investigates the viability of implementing solar energy in poor communities in Inanda, which is located in Durban, South Africa. Inanda is known to be an area with high unemployment and high poverty levels. Most important to this study are high energy poverty levels in the area. It was found that these communities prioritised energy for cooking, lighting and heating. The results of this study also indicate that in most households, multiple sources of unsustainable energy sources were being used. These included electricity, fuelwood, gas, paraffin and candles. Illegal electrical connections are a growing problem in this community, and other traditional sources were found to have numerous effects on human and environmental health. Upon investigation of the potential for renewable energy implementation in these communities, it found that there was a high willingness to use it, specifically solar energy; however, more education is needed regarding solar energy and related benefits. It was also indicated that the provision of sustainable energy will allow more time for income-generating activities in the community. The biggest challenge with regard to provision of solar energy was cost. These communities cannot afford to pay high start-up and maintenance costs for the technology. It is for this reason that efforts should be made to subsidize these costs and integrate this plan into policy-making. This will not only provide poor communities with sustainable energy, but also help advance the renewable energy industry in South Africa.<br>M.A. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 2013.
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Ngetar, Njoya Silas. "Post-dam sediment dynamics below the Inanda Dam at the Mgeni estuary, KwaZulu Natal (South Africa)." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5047.
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The Inanda Dam, situated some 32 to 35km upstream of the Mgeni River estuary on the Indian Ocean
5 km north of Durban, was constructed between 1984 and 1989. This impoundment deprived the
downstream section of a great volume of water and sediment supply, initiating significant downstream
changes. This situation is compounded by sand winning which directly extracts about 210,000 tonnes
of sediment from the Lower Mgeni further depriving the estuary of sediment. A 1997 study predicted
that assuming a continuous competent discharge and low contribution of sediments from the
tributaries, the channel would gradually scour. Other predictions included a reduction in the total
sediments reaching the estuary, continued flushing of existing channel sediments downstream towards
the estuary, site-specific channel bed erosion at times of peak water release, gradual build up of
sediments near the estuary mouth, gradual fining of bed-load channel and estuarine sediments, and
ongoing re-establishment of the central island.
The main aim of this study was thus to investigate downstream changes in the Mgeni river estuary
below the Inanda dam with regards to sediments, water discharge and channel morphology from 1997
to test these assertions.
Results show a decrease in competent discharge below the Inanda dam since 1997, resulting in a
corresponding decrease in sand and an increase in mud fractions, with the mud content being
associated predominantly with heavy minerals. This is reflected in the poorly sorted sediment. The
plotting of cross-sectional survey revealed site-specific erosion, as well as estuarine bank failure to be
an on-going process, and indicate points of bed scouring and accretion.
A number of reasons have been identified as geomorphological explanations for the changes since
1997. These include among others, a lower hydraulic gradient at the estuary, occasional minor flood
events, a weak bank material composition along some portions of the estuarine bank, the Tnanda dam ,
which impounds coarse sediments and large volume of water and increased tidal activity at the Mgeni
estuary.
It is concluded that although some of the probable responses predicted in 1997 have happened,
sufficient relaxation time may not yet have elapsed for others to become evident.<br>Thesis (M.Sc.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2002.
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Nkani, Frances Nomvuyo. "An ethnographic study of teenage pregnancy : femininities and motherhood among pregnant teenagers and teenage mothers at school in Inanda." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8493.
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This study has focused on pregnancy and parenting of 10 African young women between the ages of 16 and 19, from one of Inanda schools. Drawing from ethnography, the study explores these young women's choices of boyfriends, the circumstances that led to their pregnancy, the socio-cultural influence during pregnancy and at childbirth, kind of support they receive at home, school and boyfriends and experiences of pregnancy and motherhood. An examination of how they balance their varied roles as mothers and learners as well as the effects of pregnancy and parenting to their schooling.
Although the South African Schools Act (Department of Education 1996) regulates the support of pregnant teenagers and teenage mothers in schools, the data reveal that pregnant teenagers and teenage mothers still experience challenges in schools. These challenges range from being stigmatised, discriminated and humiliated by teachers and peers, lack of support from teachers, decline in academic performance as well as the inability to participate in school's extra-mural activities. However the study reveals that there is some degree of institutional support which accounted for the teenage mothers' overall performance and achievement; there are some teachers and learners who provide some kind of support to the pregnant teenagers and teenage mothers. The thesis further argues that motherhood is very demanding, challenging and very disruptive of the young mothers' schoolwork; but the young mothers indicate self-determination and resilience to find ways of successfully juggling motherhood and schooling. On the other hand, the young fathers understand their social role as that of being a provider for the child and the care giving is only for womenfolk. Some of the young men acknowledged the importance of the young mothers' completing their schooling and realized that they needed support other than financial provision. The young men, however, do not provide the childcare themselves; they shift the caring responsibility to their own mothers. The focus on the pregnant and teenage mothers draws attention to possible ways of providing more support in order they fare better in their education for better chances of employment and gender equity.<br>Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Edgewood, 2012.
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Ncube, Siyethemba Silungile. "Examining the role of community based tourism as a local economic development tool : the case of the Inanda Heritage Route." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/11324.
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This dissertation examines the role of Community Based Tourism as a Local Economic Development tool. It sought to establish the impact of Local Economic Development (LED) strategies employed by the Inanda Ntuzuma KwaMashu Area Based Management program (INK ABM) in alleviating poverty in Inanda Township through their living Heritage Site. It attempts to establish whether Community Based Tourism has had an impact on the economic empowerment of communities residing within the Inanda Heritage Route. Poverty Social and Impact Assessment was used in the assessment. The study revealed that LED strategies have had a significant impact in improving infrastructure and service delivery at Inanda Township, however Local Economic Development strategies have had marginal impact in improving the income, assets indicators, human capabilities, market share and employment creation for the local residents of Inanda. Moreover the study revealed that there is a strong positive correlation between education levels and the lack of success of entrepreneurs. A major finding is that LED strategies along the Inanda Heritage Route do not target all the segments of the poor in a meaningful way. As such the study suggests a new LED agenda in Inanda Township which is: holistic, targets all the segments of the poor, encourages skills development and consists of various investment packages which would ensure that poverty in its multidimensionality is addressed meaningfully.<br>Thesis (M.T.R.P.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2013.
Books on the topic "Inanda (KwaZulu-Natal)"
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Sithole, Sibusiso. The education crisis in Kwazulu-Natal: A case study of Amandlethu Public School. Education Policy Unit, University of Natal, 1996.
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