To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: INARA.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'INARA'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'INARA.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Francischelli, Neto Miguel. "A arteriografia intra-operatoria pre-derivação em doentes com obstrução arterial infra-inguinal e isquemia grave." [s.n.], 1996. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/312033.
Full textAbstract:
Orientaodr: George Carchedi Luccas<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-21T06:51:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
FrancischelliNeto_Miguel_M.pdf: 3066138 bytes, checksum: 45938f89f974050e41eb6ee293fd6f8f (MD5)
Previous issue date: 1996<br>Resumo: o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a arteriografia intra-operatória pré-derivação como método para complementar a arteriografia convencional no diagnóstico, planejamento e previsão de resultados, em pacientes portadores de isquemia grave. Foram estudados 72 doentes submetidos à revascularização infra inguinal. Os doentes foram avaliados quanto à qualidade da AC, considerando a demonstração do arco plantar, a resolutividade e a realização de AIPré. O valor da AIPré para a realização do procedimento cirúrgico foi estabelecido considerando a proporção de pacientes que, para serem operados, realizaram este exame, a comparação até 90 dias da evolução dos pacientes que realizaram ou não AIPré t! a mudança de conduta ocorrida. A AIPré foi utilizada em 19 casos (26,4%) e demonstrou melhor o leito distal, sendo mais utilizada na revascularização de artérias distais do que na da artéria poplítea. Em seguimento de 90 dias, nove dos 19 pacientes operados com este exame tiveram o membro salvo. Conclui-se que a AIPré é procedimento útil na demonstração angiográfica em doentes com isquemia grave<br>Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the intraoperative I prereconstruction angiography as a method to complement preoperative angiography in diagnosis, planning and results prediction, in patients with severe ischemia. Seventy two patients who were submitted to lower extremity bypass were studied. The patients were evaluated by the quality of preoperative angiography considering the pedal arch visualization, the capacity of making the diagnosis, and the necessity of intraoperative prereconstruction angiography. The value of prereconstruction intraoperative angiography to surgical procedure was assessed considering the proportion of patients who needed this angiography to be operated; a follow up of up to 90 days comparing the patients who need with those who do not need the intraoperative angiography; and benefits to surgical plans. The intraoperative prereconstruction angiograpby was used in 19 patients (26,4%) and has better demonstrated the runoff, it being more utilized in bypass to distal vessels than to the popliteal artery. During, 90' days of follow up, nine of 19 patients operated with the use of intraoperative prereconstruction angiography had the limb salvaged. We conc1uded that the intraoperative prereconstruction angiography is useful to angiographic demonstration in patients with severe ischemia<br>Mestrado<br>Mestre em Cirurgia
2
Barel, Eduardo Valença. "Determinação intra-operatoria da vazão distal e sua correlação com o sucesso de exertos infra-inguinais." [s.n.], 1997. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313230.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: George Carchedi Luccas<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-22T17:34:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Barel_EduardoValenca_D.pdf: 12493483 bytes, checksum: e541e3274963b0a1f92d60c8eddd6137 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 1997<br>Doutorado
3
Svennebring, Andreas. "Fast Microwave-Enhanced Intra-, Pseudo-intra- and Intermolecular Heck Reactions." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7368.
Full text
4
Kern, Andrew Martin. "Intra-operative biomechanical analysis for improvement of intra-articular fracture reduction." Diss., University of Iowa, 2017. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6971.
Full textAbstract:
Intra-articular fractures (IAFs) often lead to poor outcomes, despite surgeons’ best efforts at reconstructing the fractured articular surface. The objective of articular fracture reduction is to improve joint congruity thereby lower articular contact pressure and minimize the risk of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Surgical fracture reductions performed using less invasive approaches (i.e., percutaneously) rely heavily upon C-arm fluoroscopy to judge articular surface congruity. Based on varied outcomes, it appears that the use of 2D imaging alone for this purpose may prove inadequate. Despite this, there has been little investigation into novel metrics for assessment of reduction quality.
This work first explores seven methods for assessment of reduction quality (3 2D, 3 3D, and one biomechanical). The results indicate that metrics which take 3D measurement or joint biomechanics into account when characterizing reduction quality are more strongly correlated with PTOA development.
A computer assisted surgery system, which provides up-to-date 3D fracture geometry and contact stress distributions intra-operatively, was developed. Its utility was explored in a series of ten cadaveric tibial plafond fracture reductions, where contact stresses and contact areas were compared in surgeries with vs. without biomechanical guidance.
The use of biomechanical guidance caused an increase in surgical time and fluoroscopy usage (39% and 17%, respectively). However, it facilitated decreases in the mean and maximum contact stress by 0.7 and 1.5 MPa, respectively. Contact areas engaged at known deleterious levels (contact stress > 4.5 MPa) were also 44% lower in cases which used guidance.
The findings of this work suggest that enhanced visualization of a fracture intra-operatively may facilitate improved long-term outcomes. Further development and study of this system is warranted.
5
FAURE, ALEXIS. "Hamartomes, dysplasies et tumeurs intra-craniennes et intra-rachidiennes de la neurofibromatose." Nantes, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NANT084M.
Full text
6
Boza, Vera Maria Araújo Garcia e. "Avaliação crítica do uso do DIU por mulheres atendidas no ambulatório de anticoncepção do serviço de reprodução humana, do departamento de tocoginecologia, da maternidade do hospital de clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/48671.
Full textAbstract:
Orientadora : Claudete Reggiani Mello<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tocoginecologia. Defesa: Curitiba, 23/08/2002<br>Sem resumo e abstract
7
Rowsell, Anthony Richard. "Intra-uterine foetal surgery." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5a97d2ca-ea8a-441a-890a-1a529b6897c3.
Full text
8
Chaildin, Mark. "WIRELESS INFRA-RED SENSOR." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604110.
Full textAbstract:
ITC/USA 2006 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Second Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 23-26, 2006 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California<br>For several decades, the military has used the Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System (MILES) with a series of iR sensors along a belt fastened to a vehicle for training and simulation. Now, an alternative to this legacy system, a solar rechargeable battery powered wireless IR sensor is replacing wired sensors. The use of short-range RF communications network, allows the MILES sensors strategic placement about a combat vehicle without the umbilical cabling normally required for power and signal coupling from the players processing unit. The RF network operates in the 340 to 380 MHz band, has channeling capability of over 1600 channels, and coexists with the vehicles on board high-powered radios without interference. The wireless sensor implements a custom designed IR sensing amplifier, designed for maximum sensitivity and minimal power dissipation, along with advanced semiconductor IC’s for signal processing and power conversion. Solar recharging enables the sensor to operate for extended time, on a single battery that should last for years without replacement. A proprietary software protocol, developed for communication integrity, is a critical part of the overall system and supports other sensor types and control elements with low data rates for a wireless Vehicle Area Network. The system, successfully installed on several military training platforms, proves to be a viable product for military training and simulation systems for the 21st century.
9
Mohemkar-Kheirandish, Reza. "Intra-Household Decision Making." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29215.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation consists of three essays. In the first one (Chapter three), "Gains and Losses from Household Formation," I introduce a general equilibrium model, wherein a household may consist of more than one member, each with their own preferences and endowments. In these models at first, individuals form households. Then, collective decisions (or bargaining) within the household specifies the consumption plans of household members. Finally, competition across households determines a feasible allocation of resources. I consider a model with two types of individuals and pure group externalities. I investigate the competitive equilibrium allocation and stability of the equilibrium in that setting. Specifically, I show that under a certain set of assumptions a competitive equilibrium with free exit is also a competitive equilibrium with free household formation. Similar results are obtained for a special case of consumption externality. Illustrative examples, where prices may change as household structures change, are used to show how general equilibrium model with variable household structure works and some interesting results are discussed at the end of the first essay.
In the second essay (Chapter four), “Effects of the Price System on Household Labor Supply,” I introduce leisure and labor into the two-type economy framework that was constructed in the first essay. The main objective of this essay is to investigate the effects of exogenous prices on the labor supply decisions, and completely analyze the partial equilibrium model outcomes in a two-type economy setting. I assume a wage gap and explore the effect of that gap on labor supply. The main content of the second essay is the analysis of the effect of change in wages, price of the private good, power of each individual in the household, relative importance of private consumption compared to leisure, and the level of altruism on individual's decisions about how much private good or leisure he/she wants to consume. The effect of a relative price change on labor supply, private consumption and utility level is also investigated. Moreover, one of the variations of Spence's signaling model is borrowed to explain why higher education of women in Iran does not necessarily translate into higher female labor force participation. Finally, fixed point theorem is used to calculate the power (or alternatively labor supply) of individuals in the household endogenously for the two-type economy with labor at the end of this essay.
In the third essay (Chapter five), “Dynamics of Poverty in Iran: What Are the Determinants of the Probability of Being Poor?,” I explore the characteristics of the households who fall below the poverty line and stay there as well as those who climb up later. I decompose poverty in Iran into chronic and transient poverty, and investigate the relation of each component of poverty with certain characteristics of households. I also study mobility and the main characteristics of growth in expenditure of households. One of the main issues in economic policy making nowadays is the evaluation of effectiveness of anti-poverty programs. In order to achieve this goal one should be able to track down a household for a period of time. In this essay, I am going to investigate the dynamics of poverty in Iran during 1992-95. I am especially interested in finding the characteristics of the households that fall below the poverty line and stay there in addition to those that climb up later. Obviously, if policy-makers want to have efficient policies to reduce poverty, they should target the former group. I decompose poverty in Iran into chronic and transient poverty, and investigate the relation of each component of poverty with certain characteristics of households. I also study mobility in this period with an emphasis on mobility in and out of poverty and review the main characteristics of the growth in expenditure of households.<br>Ph. D.
10
LONJON, MICHEL. "Les cavernomes intra-craniens." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE6823.
Full text
11
Wilson, John Edward, University of Western Sydney, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, and School of Agriculture and Rural Development. "A comparison of alternate mucosal routes of prophylactic immunisation using a mouse model of Helicobacter infection." THESIS_FEMA_ARD_Wilson_J.xml, 2001. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/511.
Full textAbstract:
Throughout history a diversity of animal species have been used and studied extensively in the development of vaccines for the benefit of humans and animals alike. As mice are a relatively easy species to maintain, handle and manipulate, and have the advantage of being cost effective, they are commonly employed as animal models in the investigation of immunisation strategies against mucosal associated pathogens. Vaccine research against the human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori is extensively conducted in a mouse model and typically uses intra-gastric administration for the testing of potential vaccine candidates. An inherent complication with this route, however, is that the vaccine constituents may be inadequately delivered to sites of specific immunity and consequently may not be the optimal method for vaccine delivery. In the present study a mouse model of H. pylori infection was used to determine the efficacy of alternate mucosal routes of immunisation from examination of protective immunity, immune responses and the practical aspects of vaccine administration. Commencing with the optimisation of intra-intestinal immunisation, the direct injection of a H. pylori vaccine to initiator sites of the mucosal immune system established baseline data of dose rates for the comparative analysis of intra-gastric, intra-nasal and intra-rectal immunisation. Following the development of simple administration techniques whilst maintaining the welfare of the animals, intra-nasal immunisation was shown to elicit the highest level of prophylaxis against H. pylori challenge. Effective prophylaxis was also shown to be dependent upon a specific ratio of the vaccine constituents. When using whole cell lysate of H. pylori and the mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin, the ratio of antigen:adjuvant for optimal protective immunity was 10:1. The outcomes of this study have proved conclusively the necessity for optimisation of all aspects of immunisation in an animal model of infection.<br>Master of Science (Hons)
12
Régent, Damien [Verfasser], and Bernhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Breit. "Rhodium-catalyzed intra- and intermolecular alkene hydroacylation = Rhodium-katalisierte Intra- und Intermolecular Alken Hydroacylation." Freiburg : Universität, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1115813811/34.
Full text
13
Galy, Alain. "La nalbuphine, pour l'analgésie post opératoire chez l'enfant, administration intra veineuse et intra rectale." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11117.
Full text
14
Øberg, Sverre Wiik. "Intra Pure : Vaskerennen for alle." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for produktdesign, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-12982.
Full textAbstract:
Samarbeidspartner Masteroppgaven er gjennomført i samarbeid med Intra AS, en norsk produksjonsbedrift lokalisert i Malvik utenfor Trondheim. Intra er eid av industrikonsernetTeka Industrial SA og produserer kjøkkenvasker,minikjøkken, bad og sanitærprodukter i rustfritt stål. Intra har sterkt fokus på design og er etter eget utsagn en internasjonal trendsetter innenfor sine produktområder. TemaIntra ønsket at jeg med denne oppgaven skulle utforske hvilke muligheter som lå innenfor vaskerennesegmentet.Bedriften ville ikke legge noen restriksjoner på designoppgaven, men håpet resultatet kunne utnyttes kommersielt etter hvert. Prosjektets mål Hovvedmål: Å utvikle en ny type vaskerenne for å kunne skape et markedsmessig fortrinn i forhold til konkurrentene. Delmål:Å rendyrke fordelene som en vaskerenne har i forhold til enkelt vasker.At løsingen er realistisk nok til å kunne nyttegjøres av Intra. At brukerenes behov blir satt i fokus. Delmål: Å rendyrke fordelene som en vaskerenne har i forhold til enkeltvasker. At løsingen er realistisk nok til å kunne nyttegjøresav Intra. At brukerenes behov blir satt i fokus. Målgruppe og kontekst I utgangspunktet kunne jeg selv avgjøre hvem som skulle være brukeren eller målgruppen for produktet. Vaskerennene Intra produserer i dag eri hovedsak for barnehager og skoler. Jeg ønsket derfor å se utover mot et større marked, uten å utelukke Intras kundegruppe i dag. Etter å ha studert vaskerenner i bruk, blant annet i barnehager, tok jeg valget om å lage en vaskerenne for offentlige toaletter som på utesteder og i caféer.Ved å montere vasken lavere var den samtidig også aktuell i en barnehage-/garderobeløsning. Gjennomføring og tidsbruk Tidslinjen viser fremdriften til prosjektet som kan deles inn i fire hovedfaser som går delvis parallelt: Bakgrunn og analyse Informasjonsinnhenting om brukere, deres behov og situasjon fra litteratur, barnehagebesøk, intervju og observasjoner. Jeg satt meg også inn i Intrasprodukter, konkurrenter og markeder. En del av strategien for utviklingen ble lagt i denne fasen og dannet økt forståelse for problemstillingen. Idéutvikling Idégenereringsfasen startet allerede da jeg fikk fremlagt forslag til masteroppgave fra Intra, ved hjelp av teknikker som tankekart, moodboard, krav, stikkord, skisser og prinsippløsninger. Allerede her utforsket jeg løsinger i rommet ved hjelp av raskemock-ups av papp. Konseptualisering Som resultat av de to første fasene ble det tatt noen strategiske valg. Videre arbeid med konsepter resulterte i tre konseptforslag til en endelig løsing. En stor del av utviklingen bestod av praktisk testing med fullskalamodeller i papp. Disse ble benyttet i brukertester og som grunnlag for 3D modeller. Ved å jobbe i fullskala fikk jeg en rask forståelse av hvordan brukeren ville oppfatte produktet. Formen ble først testet og utforsket ved hjelp av datamodeller. Design og detaljering Da det endelige konseptet ble valgt, kunne detaljeringsarbeidet starte. Produktet ble dimensjonert basert på ergonomi, standarder og formmessigefaktorer. Til slutt ble en mer presis utseendemodell bygget for å gi et bedre inntrykk av hvordan produktet ville fremstå.
15
Hurst, Laurence Daniel. "Intra-genomic conflict and evolution." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293434.
Full text
16
劉美鳳 and Mei-fung Catherine Lau. "[Intra]tecture: Kai Tak station." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3198583X.
Full text
17
Hyee, Raphaela. "Essays on intra-household distribution." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/3135.
Full textAbstract:
In the first chapter of this thesis, I develop a model that combines intrahousehold bargaining with competition on the marriage market - once married, spouses bargain over the allocation of total household income. They have the option of divorce and subsequent remarriage; the value of this outside option is determined endogenously on the marriage market. I use this model to analyse the educational choice. When more women than men obtain a university degree, men without degrees benefit; university educated men, however, are not able to translate this change on the marriage market into a significantly larger share of household income. Hence, men's incentive to invest in education decreases if women's educational attainment increases. Even without assuming any heterogeneity in tastes between men and women, equilibria arise in which men and women decide to become educated at different rates. The second chapter shows empirically, that a woman's propensity to separate from her partner depends positively on male wage inequality on her local marriage market - the more heterogeneous potential future mates are in terms of earnings power, the more likely a woman is to end her relationship. This effect is strongest for couples, where one has a college education but the other one does not. The effect is robust to the inclusion of a variety of controls on the individual level, as well as state and time fixed effects and state specific time trends. The third chapter (co-authored with Julio Robledo) develops a two period family decision making model in which spouse bargain over the allocation of individual time and consumption. If inter-temporally binding contracts are not feasible, household time allocation might be inefficient. We compare two threat point specifications, and show that the threat point specification can influence spouses time allocation, not only the distribution of private consumption.
18
Mathis, Robert Austin. "Intra-tumor heterogeneity and evolution." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113432.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Biology, 2017.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>Although the treatment of cancer is a major focus of biomedical research, many cancers are extremely hard to treat. Tumors likely resist treatment because each tumor is heterogeneous, and can evolve. Although tumor evolution has long been appreciated, it remains incompletely understood. In this thesis, I will explore two questions related to cancer heterogeneity and evolution: how evolution can affect plastic phenotypes, and the role of purifying selection in cancer evolution. Different cell states or phenotypes have been observed within tumors, and they are associated with treatment resistance and metastasis. The observation that these phenotypes are plastic leads to a conundrum: how can selection act on such an unstable phenotype? We determined that plasticity, in the form of cell state bias, varies widely across clones in a tumor. These different biases are heritable, with each cell faithfully passing its differentiation bias to its daughters. Simulations revealed that this makes plasticity an evolvable phenotype--- in a changing environment, an optimal state bias will be selected. The second question explored in this thesis is the role of purifying selection in cancer evolution. It is widely thought that tumor evolution is dominated by positive selection. We posited that, as in the evolution of species, purifying selection would prevent the fixation of deleterious mutations in tumors. Through computational analysis of tumor genomes, we determined that purifying selection acts to remove deleterious mutations. Genes under purifying selection must be important to tumors in vivo, as only mutations in these genes would be problematic. Consistent with this prediction, most genes under purifying selection in tumors were essential in cancer cell lines. To find genes essential to tumors but not generally cell-essential, we developed a method to find genes under increased purifying selection in one tumor type over others. This revealed a number of pathways under selection in melanomas, but not other tumor types, such as DNA damage pathways. By seeking genes important to tumors, but not generally essential, our analysis revealed potential therapeutic targets. Purifying selection offers an unprecedented view into which genes are essential to tumors in vivo, a finding predominantly inaccessible through experimentation.<br>by Robert Austin Mathis.<br>Ph. D.
19
Young, John Stephen. "Infra-red imaging with COAST." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624493.
Full text
20
Litvin, Igor A. "Intra–cavity laser beam shaping." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4018.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (PhD (Physics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: There are many applications where a Gaussian laser beam is not ideal, for
example, in areas such as medicine, data storage, science, manufacturing and so
on, and yet in the vast majority of laser systems this is the fundamental output
mode. Clearly this is a limitation, and is often overcome by adapting the
application in mind to the available beam. A more desirable approach would be
to create a laser beam as the output that is tailored for the application in mind –
so called intra-cavity laser beam shaping. The main goal of intra-cavity beam
shaping is the designing of laser cavities so that one can produce beams directly
as the output of the cavity with the required phase and intensity distribution.
Shaping the beam inside the cavity is more desirable than reshaping outside the
cavity due to the introduction of additional external losses and adjustment
problems. More elements are required outside the cavity which leads to
additional costs and larger physical systems.
In this thesis we present new methods for phase and amplitude intra–
cavity beam shaping. To illustrate the methods we give both an analytical and
numerical analysis of different resonator systems which are able to produce
customised phase and intensity distributions.
In the introduction of this thesis, a detailed overview of the key concepts
of optical resonators is presented.
In Chapter 2 we consider the well–known integral iteration algorithm for
intra–cavity field simulation, namely the Fox–Li algorithm and a new method
(matrix method), which is based on the Fox–Li algorithm and can decrease the
computation time of both the Fox–Li algorithm and any integral iteration
algorithms. The method can be used for any class of integral iteration
algorithms which has the same calculation integrals, with changing integrants.
The given method appreciably decreases the computation time of these
algorithms and approaches that of a single iteration.
In Chapter 3 a new approach to modeling the spatial intensity profile from
Porro prism resonators is proposed based on rotating loss screens to mimic the
apex losses of the prisms. A numerical model based on this approach is presented which correctly predicts the output transverse field distribution found
experimentally from such resonators.
In Chapter 4 we present a combination of both amplitude and phase
shaping inside a cavity, namely the deployment of a suitable amplitude filter at
the Fourier plane of a conventional resonator configuration with only spherical
curvature optical elements, for the generation of Bessel–Gauss beams as the
output.
In Chapter 5 we present the analytical and numerical analyses of two new
resonator systems for generating flat–top–like beams. Both approaches lead to
closed form expressions for the required cavity optics, but differ substantially in
the design technique, with the first based on reverse propagation of a flattened
Gaussian beam, and the second a metamorphosis of a Gaussian into a flat–top
beam. We show that both have good convergence properties, and result in the
desired stable mode.
In Chapter 6 we outline a resonator design that allows for the selection of
a Gaussian mode by diffractive optical elements. This is made possible by the
metamorphosis of a Gaussian beam into a flat–top beam during propagation
from one end of the resonator to the other. By placing the gain medium at the
flat–top beam end, it is possible to extract high energy in a low–loss cavity.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar is verskeie toepassings waar ʼn Gaussiese laser bundel nie ideaal is
nie, in gebiede soos mediese veld, stoor van data, vervaardiging en so meer, en
tog word die meeste laser sisteme in die fundamentele mode bedryf. Dit is
duidelik ’n beperking, en word meestal oorkom deur aanpassing van die
toepassing tot die beskikbare bundel. ’n Beter benadering sou wees om ʼn laser
bundel te maak wat afgestem is op die toepassing - sogenaamde intra-resonator
bundel vorming. Die hoofdoel van intra-resonator bundel vorming is om
resonators te ontwerp wat direk as uitset kan lewer wat die gewenste fase en
intensiteits-distribusie vertoon. Vorming van die bundel in die resonator is
voordeliger omdat die vorming buite die resonator tot addisionele verliese asook
verstellings probleme bydra. Meer elemente word benodig buite die resonator
wat bydra tot hoër koste en groter sisteme.
In hierdie tesis word nuwe fase en amplitude intra-resonator
bundelvormings metodes voorgestel. Om hierdie metode te demonstreer word
analitiese en numeriese analises vir verskillende resonator sisteme wat
aangepaste fase en intensiteit distribusies produseer, bespreek.
In die inleiding van die tesis word ʼn detailleer oorsig oor die sleutel
konsepte van optiese resonators voorgelê.
In hoofstuk 2 word die bekende integraal iterasie algoritme vir intraresonator
veld simulasie, naamlik die Fox-Li algoritme, en ʼn nuwe metode
(matriks metode), wat gebaseer is op die Fox-Li algoritme, en die
berekeningstyd van beide die Fox-Li algoritme en enige ander integraal iterasie
algoritme verminder. Die metode kan gebruik word om enige klas van integraal
iterasie algoritmes wat dieselfde berekenings integrale het, met veranderde
integrante (waar die integrand die veld van die lig golf is in die geval van die
Fox-Li algoritme, IFTA, en die skerm metode. Die voorgestelde metode
verminder die berekeningstyd aansienlik, en is benaderd die van ʼn enkel iterasie
berekening.
In hoofstuk 3 word ʼn nuwe benadering om die modellering van die
ruimtelike intensiteitsprofiel van Porro prisma resonators, gebaseer op roterende
verliese skerms om die apeks-verliese van die prismas te benader, voorgestel. ʼn Numeriese model gebaseer op hierdie benadering wat die uitset van die
transversale veld distribusie in eksperimentele resonators korrek voorspel, word
voorgestel.
In hoofstuk 4 word ʼn tegniek vir die generering van Bessel-Gauss bundels
deur die gebruik van ʼn kombinasie van amplitude en fase vorming in die
resonator en ʼn geskikte amplitude filter in die Fourier vlak van ʼn konvensionele
resonator konfigurasie met optiese elemente wat slegs sferiese krommings het,
voorgestel.
In hoofstuk 5 word die analitiese en numeriese analises van twee nuwe
resonator sisteme vir die generering van sogenaamde “flat–top” bundels
voorgestel. Beide benaderings lei na ʼn geslote vorm uitdrukking vir die
resonator optika wat benodig word, maar verskil noemenswaardig in die
ontwerptegniek. Die eerste is baseer op die terug voortplanting van plat
Gaussiese bundel, en die tweede op metamorfose van Gaussiese “flat-top”
bundel. Ons toon aan dat beide tegnieke goeie konvergensie het, en in die
gevraagde stabiele modus lewer.
In hoofstuk 6 skets ons die resonator ontwerp wat die selektering van ʼn
Gaussiese modus deur diffraktiewe optiese element moontlik maak. Dit word
moontlik deur die metamorfose van ’n Gaussiese bundel na ʼn “flat-top”
gedurende die voortplanting van die een kant van die resonator na die ander.
Deur die wins medium aan die “flat–top” kant van die bundel te plaas word dit
moontlik om hoë energie te onttrek in ʼn lae verlies resonator.
21
Poveda, Vanessa de Brito. "Hipotermia no período intra-operatório." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-07072008-112252/.
Full textAbstract:
A hipotermia ocorre em mais de 70% dos pacientes no período perioperatório tornando-se um evento adverso freqüente. O estudo teve como objetivo geral analisar a temperatura corporal do paciente submetido à cirurgia eletiva no período intra-operatório e como específicos: identificar as relações entre a temperatura corporal e as variáveis sócio-demográficas (idade e sexo) e clínicas (índice de massa corporal, transfusão sanguínea e doenças crônicas); identificar as relações entre temperatura corporal e as variáveis do procedimento anestésicocirúrgico (duração da anestesia, tipo de anestesia e duração da cirurgia); identificar a relação entre temperatura corporal e a temperatura da sala de operação; analisar a variância da medida da temperatura corporal média dos pacientes explicada pelas variáveis preditoras e identificar as medidas adotadas na sala de cirurgia para a prevenção de hipotermia. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa com abordagem metodológica quantitativa, delineamento não experimental, tipo de estudo correlacional, prospectivo em um hospital filantrópico situado no interior do Estado de São Paulo. Na amostra estudada foram incluídos 70 sujeitos com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos; submetidos à cirurgia eletiva, com duração da anestesia de, no mínimo, uma hora. Para a coleta de dados elaborou-se um instrumento que foi submetido à validação aparente e de conteúdo. Na coleta de dados, a pesquisadora realizou a mensuração da temperatura e umidade da sala de operação e da temperatura corporal do paciente em diferentes momentos. Por meio do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson verificou-se correlação estatisticamente significante e negativa entre a variável temperatura média corporal dos pacientes e a duração da anestesia e a duração da cirurgia. De forma positiva, o índice de massa corporal e a temperatura média da sala de operação apresentaram correlações estatisticamente significantes com a temperatura corporal média dos pacientes. Segundo o teste t Student a variável transfusão sanguínea apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante entre as temperaturas corporais médias do grupo submetido à transfusão e do grupo não submetido à transfusão. Em relação ao tipo de anestesia, a ANOVA mostrou diferença estatisticamente significante entre as temperaturas corporais médias e os grupos (geral, regional e combinada), sendo que o grupo submetido à anestesia combinada apresentou temperaturas médias corporais mais baixas. Na regressão linear multivariada, as variáveis tipo de anestesia, duração da anestesia, o índice de massa corporal e a temperatura da sala de operação estavam diretamente relacionadas à temperatura corporal média dos sujeitos investigados. As medidas adotadas na sala de cirurgia para a prevenção de hipotermia foram o uso de lençol de algodão e o enfaixamento dos membros inferiores que consistem em métodos passivos de aquecimento cutâneo; a utilização do sistema de ar forçado aquecido (método ativo de aquecimento cutâneo) ocorreu uma única vez. Conclui-se que apesar das limitações deste estudo, pode-se inferir que a realidade aqui demonstrada, deva ser igual ou similar a de muitos hospitais brasileiros. Compete ao enfermeiro perioperatório a adoção de postura crítica diante da realidade vivenciada, bem como a busca e a implementação de evidências que assegurem a melhoria do cuidado prestado ao paciente cirúrgico.<br>Hypthermia affects more than 70% of patients in the intraoperative period, turning into a frequent adverse event. The general aim of this study was to analyze the body temperature of patients submitted to elective surgery in the intraoperative period. Specific goals were: to identify the relations between body temperature and sociodemographic (age and gender) and clinical (body mass index, blood transfusion and chronic diseases); to identify the relations between body temperature and variables related to the anesthetic-surgical procedure (duration of anesthesia, type of anesthesia and duration of surgery); to identify the relation between body temperature and the temperature of the operating room; to analyze the variance in patients\' mean body temperature measures, explained by predictive variables, and to identify the measures adopted in the surgery room to prevent hypothermia. Therefore, a quantitative prospective correlation study with a nonexperimental design was carried out at a philanthropic hospital located in the interior of São Paulo State, Brazil. The study sample included 70 subjects aged 18 years or older; submitted to elective surgery, who received anesthesia during at least one hour. For data collection, an instrument was elaborated and submitted to face and content validation. During the collection, the researcher measured the temperature and humidity of the operating room and the patient\'s body temperature at different times. Pearson\'s correlation coefficient was used to identify a statistically significant and negative correlation between three variables: patients\' mean body temperature, the duration of anesthesia and the duration of the surgery. In the positive sense, the body mass index and mean operating room temperature displayed statistically significant correlations with the patients\' mean body temperature. According to Student\'s t-test, the blood transfusion variable presented a statistically significant difference between the mean body temperatures of the group submitted to transfusion and the group that was not submitted to transfusion. As to the type of anesthesia, ANOVA showed a statistically significant difference between mean body temperatures and anesthesia groups (general, regional and combined), with the group submitted to combined anesthesia presenting lower mean body temperatures. In the multivariate linear regression, the variables type of anesthesia, duration of anesthesia, body mass index and operating room temperature were directly related with the research subjects\' mean body temperature. The measures adopted in the surgery room to prevent hypothermia were the use of cotton sheets and the wrapping of lower members, which are passive cutaneous warming methods; the forced-air warming system (active cutaneous warming method) was used once. It is concluded that, despite the study limitations, it can be inferred that the reality pictured here should be equal or similar to that of many Brazilian hospitals. Perioperative nurses should adopt a critical attitude towards this reality, and also look for and implement evidence that guarantees the improvement of care delivery to surgical patients.
22
Braga, Milton Liebentritt de Almeida. "Infra-estrutura e projeto urbano." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16131/tde-19112010-102333/.
Full textAbstract:
A hipótese que conduz o trabalho atribui às infra-estruturas uma progressiva importância na estruturação e qualificação espacial das cidades cada vez mais cambiantes, ao constituírem as estruturas físicas e as funções urbanas e metropolitanas de maior permanência. Na primeira parte da tese, são avaliadas as infra-estruturas de menor porte, compostas pela parte capilar das redes urbanas, como avenidas de pequena importância viária, ruas, praças e demais logradouros menores, que configuram o espaço do convívio público enquanto estrutura espacial e arcabouço simbólico da escala local. A segunda parte é dedicada às infraestruturas de maior porte, constituídas pela rede dos principais fluxos metropolitanos, as quais, ao mesmo tempo em que promovem articulações funcionais de grande distância, são, em geral, conflitantes com o espaço urbano local por onde passam e fatores da sua desestruturação. O trabalho defende que as grandes infra-estruturas, quando se tornam objeto de preocupações urbanísticas e incorporam critérios além daqueles funcionais e específicos dos respectivos sistemas, podem adquirir condição similar às das pequenas infra-estruturas, estabelecendo intensa relação com sua vizinhança. Nesta condição, desempenham papel relevante na qualificação espacial dos arredores e contribuem para a construção de espaços de convívio adequados, física e simbolicamente, em ambas as escalas: a urbana e a metropolitana.<br>This thesis is based on a hypothesis that attributes to infrastructure a progressive importance in the structuring and qualification of increasingly interactive urban spaces, in that it is infrastructure that constitutes the physical structure and urban and metropolitan functions of greatest permanency. The first part of the thesis evaluates small-scale infrastructure constituted by the capillary sections of urban networks, such as minor thoroughfares, streets, squares and other smaller elements that provide the environment for public interaction through their physical structure and their symbolic importance at the local level. The second part deals with elements of larger-scale infrastructure that provide the main flows of metropolitan life, which, while fulfilling articulating functions over greater distances, are generally in conflict with the local urban spaces through which they pass and for which they represent destructuring force. The thesis argues that elements of larger-scale infrastructure, when they become the subject of urban concern and incorporate criteria beyond the purely functional or of specific concern to their respective systems, may acquire conditions similar to those of smaller-scale infrastructure, establishing an intense relationship with their surroundings. In this sense, they may perform a significant role in the definition of the urban spaces around them and contribute to the construction of living spaces of a physical and symbolic appropriateness at both the urban and metropolitan level.
23
Ferreira, Diogenes Seraphim. "Imunidade inata na asma fatal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5144/tde-22092010-115846/.
Full textAbstract:
INTRODUÇÃO: A inflamação das vias aéreas na asma envolve respostas imunes inatas. Os receptores do tipo Toll (Toll-like receptors, TLRs) e a citocina linfopoetina do estroma tímico (thymic stromal lymphopoietin, TSLP) estão envolvidos na inflamação brônquica da asma, mas a expressão destas proteínas em vias aéreas grandes e pequenas de asmáticos ainda não foi investigada. Os objetivos deste estudo foram analisar a expressão protéica de TLR2, TLR3, TLR4 e TSLP em vias aéreas grandes e pequenas de asmáticos, comparar sua expressão entre asmáticos tabagistas e não tabagistas e investigar se a expressão dos TLRs está associada à infecção por Chlamydophila pneumoniae e Mycoplasma pneumoniae. MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas por método imuno-histoquímico e análise de imagens as expressões de TLR2, TLR3, TLR4 e TSLP em vias aéreas grandes e pequenas de 24 indivíduos falecidos por asma (13 não tabagistas e 11 tabagistas) e 9 controles não asmáticos. A análise das proteínas foi realizada em quatro regiões das vias aéreas: camadas epitelial, interna, muscular e externa. A presença de C. pneumoniae e M. pneumoniae no tecido pulmonar foi investigada por meio de reação em cadeia da polimerase em tempo real. RESULTADOS: Os indivíduos asmáticos apresentaram maior expressão de TLR2 nas camadas epitelial e externa de vias aéreas grandes e pequenas, e maior TLR2 na camada muscular de vias aéreas pequenas. Asmáticos tabagistas tiveram menor expressão de TLR2 nas camadas interna e externa de vias aéreas pequenas do que asmáticos não tabagistas. Indivíduos asmáticos tiveram maior expressão de TSLP na camada epitelial e externa de vias aéreas grandes, aumento de TLR3 na camada externa de vias aéreas grandes e aumento de TLR4 na camada externa de vias aéreas pequenas. O DNA de C. pneumoniae e M. pneumoniae não foi detectado em nenhum indivíduo asmático ou controle. CONCLUSÕES: Os receptores da imunidade inata TLR2, 3 e 4 e a citocina TSLP estão aumentados nas vias aéreas de pacientes falecidos por asma, e a expressão dos TLRs não está associada à presença de Chlamydophila pneumoniae e Mycoplasma pneumoniae nos pulmões. O tabagismo em asmáticos parece reduzir a expressão de TLR2 em vias aéreas pequenas. Estes resultados sugerem que os TLRs 2, 3 e 4 e a TSLP podem contribuir com a inflamação brônquica presente em exacerbações graves de asma e que as bactérias C. pneumoniae e M. pneumoniae não estão envolvidas em óbitos por asma<br>INTRODUCTION: Airway inflammation in asthma involves innate immune responses. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) are involved in bronchial inflammation in asthma, but the expression of these proteins in large and small airways of asthmatics has not been investigated. The aims of this study were to analyze the protein expression of TLR2, TLR3, TLR4 and TSLP in large and small airways of asthmatics, to compare their expression in smoking and nonsmoking asthmatics and to investigate if TLR expression in associated with infection by Chlamydophila pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. METHODS: Using immunohistochemistry and image analysis, we investigated the expression of TLR2, TLR3, TLR4 and TSLP in large and small airways of 24 fatal asthma patients (13 nonsmokers and 11 smokers) and 9 nonasthmatic controls. The protein expression was analyzed in four regions of the airways: epithelial, internal, airway smooth muscle and outer layers. C. pneumoniae and M. pneumoniae presence in lung tissue was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Fatal asthma patients had increased expression of TLR2 in the epithelial and outer layers of large and small airways, and also higher TLR2 in the muscle layer of small airways. Smoking asthmatics had lower TLR2 in the inner and outer layers of small airways than nonsmoking asthmatics. TSLP was increased in the epithelial and outer layers of large airways. Asthmatics also had greater TLR3 in the outer layer of large airways and greater TLR4 in the outer layer of small airways. C. pneumoniae and M. pneumoniae DNA was not detected in asthmatics or controls. CONCLUSIONS: Innate immunity receptors TLR2, 3 and 4 and innate cytokine TSLP are increased in the airways of fatal asthma patients, and TLRs expression is not associated with the presence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydophila pneumoniae in the lungs. Smoking may reduce TLR2 expression in the small airways of asthmatics. These results suggest that TLR2, 3, 4 and TSLP may contribute to the bronchial inflammation seen in severe exacerbations of asthma and that M. pneumoniae and C. pneumoniae are not involved in fatal asthma exacerbations
24
Azevedo, Denise Nunes Rotondi. "Interação configurável entre/intra sistemas." Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, 2001. http://urlib.net/sid.inpe.br/jeferson/2004/06.07.14.04.
Full textAbstract:
A realidade atual, globalizada e altamente competitiva, influencia os diversos segmentos de mercado, incluindo o dos sistemas computacionais e, então, o do desenvolvimento de software. Neste segmento, como nos demais, esta realidade termina por colocar desafios, como a busca continuada por produtividade e qualidade. Por outro lado, um contexto globalizado traz, a1ém deste incremento na competitividade, os desafios da distribuição. As empresas têm seus negócios espalhados, encontram-se fisicamente distribuídas e possuem, normalmente, uma infra-estrutura computacional também distribuída. Além disso, pode-se dizer que, atualmente, as informações fazem parte do patrimônio de qualquer organização e mais valiosas se tornam a medida que conseguem estar disponíveis quando e onde se fazem necessárias. Visando este contexto - globalizado, competitivo e distribuído - este trabalho baseou-se na Arquitetura de Sistema de Software Configurável SOFTBOARD, proposta por Cunha (Cunha, 1997), por considerá-la uma importante ferramenta para o desenvolvimento produtivo e competitivo de software, buscando trazê-la para um mundo interativo e distribuído, através da definição de um Modelo de Interação Configurável Entre/Intra Sistemas.<br>Nowadays with a globalized and competitive society, our reality influences several segments of the market and in it the computational systems are include and why not the software development. Not only in this last segment as for all of them, this competitive reality ends by imposing challenges and a continuing search for productivity and quality. Otherwise, a globalized context brings not only the increase of the competition but also the challenges of distribution. Companies have spread their business. They are physically distributed and they generally own a computational groundwork as well distributed. Besides, we can say that today the information is a part of each organization legacy and they become more valuable in proportion to their being available when and where they are needed. With a view in such context - globalized, competitive and distributive - this work has based on the Configurable Software System Architecture SOFTBOARD, proposed by Cunha (Cunha, 1997), for considering it an important tool for a productive and competitive software development, in an attempt to bring it to the interactive distributive world through the definition of a Configurable Interlintra Systems Interaction Model.
25
Carnevale, Maria Tereza. "Infra-estrutura para informações espaciais." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2008. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8867.
Full textAbstract:
Atualmente o Brasil conta com um volume imenso de dados sobre o território nacional. Entretanto, grande parte dos dados existentes encontra-se dispersa, fragmentada, sem compatibilização cartográfica e, em alguns casos, duplicada em vários locais. O grande desafio é compartilhar dados geograficamente dispersos e comunicar conceitos importantes entre departamentos dentro da organização ou entre organizações diferentes usando, para isso, tecnologias de informação.
Assim, esse trabalho tem como objetivo geral contribuir para o desenvolvimento de uma infra-estrutura para informação geográfica, que possa ser amplamente disseminada via Internet através de Web Services e que atenda os requisitos de interoperabilidade, de modo
que diversos usuários possam usufruir dos dados disponíveis, integrando-os quando necessários. Este trabalho incidirá inicialmente nas necessidades de informação geográfica para o Zoneamento Ecológico e Econômico do Brasil. Entretanto, como se trata de um sistema de
infra-estrutura de dados espaciais poderá, então, agregar dados para qualquer trabalho que envolva a informação espacial.<br>Currently Brazil has available an immense volume of data on its domestic territory.
However, great part of the existing data is dispersed, fragmented, without cartographic
compatibility, and, in some cases, duplicated in several places.
The great challenge is to share these geographically dispersed data and to provide
communication of important concepts between departments of the same organization or even
between different organizations. For reaching this, the use of information technologies
becomes necessary.
The present work has for objective to contribute to develop a infrastructure for
geographic information, that can be widely disseminated by the Internet through Web
Services and that meets the requirements for interoperability so that several users may have
the data available, integrating them when necessary.
This work will focus initially on the need for geographic information to the Ecological
and Economical Zoning of Brazil. However, as it is a system of infrastructure for spatial data
can then add data to any work involving the spatial information.
26
Maspers, Felix, and Vilius Zukauskas. "Fotosyntes - ett intra-aktivt soundscape." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för teknik och estetik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-20033.
Full textAbstract:
Utifrån ett posthumanistiskt synsätt, och tillsammans med Karen Barads teori kring agentiell realism och performativitet, vill vi i det här kandidatarbetet bjuda in vår omvärlds fysiska fenomen som medskapare i vår designprocess. Med hjälp av dessa fenomen vill vi utmana och ifrågasätta den antropocentriska designerrollen genom att belysa materialitetens performativa förmåga till kunskapsproduktion och meningsskapande i designprocessen. Vi undersöker hur designprocessen och dess involverade val och handlingar uppstår genom mötet av både mänskliga och icke-mänskliga aktörer; vi beviljas ett inifrånperspektiv som placerar oss mitt i vår världs trassel av intra-aktioner och blir därmed en del i dess tillblivelse. Genom att tillämpa detta förhållningssätt i experiment som utforskar relationen mellan den analoga världen och den digitala, undersöker vi hur dessa möten kan bidra till utformandet av en gestaltande ljudinstallation.<br>With a posthumanist approach and based on the theory of agential realism and performativity by Karen Barad, we want, in this Bachelor Thesis, to invite the physical phenomena of our surrounding world as co-creators of our design process. With help from these phenomena we would like to challenge and question the anthropocentric designer role by illustrating the performative ability of materiality for producing knowledge and creating meaning in the design process. We explore how the design process and its involved choices and actions emerge through the concurrence of both human and non-human actors; we are granted a from-within perspective that places us in the midst of the entanglement of our world’s intra-actions and therefore become a part of its genesis. By applying this approach to experiments which delve into the relationship between the analog world and the digital, we explore how these concurrences can contribute to the designing of a sound installation.
27
Deorio, Stephen M. "Intra muros "within the walls"." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1304002437.
Full text
28
Sans, Nicolas. "Cathétérisme et navigation intra-osseuse." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30153.
Full text
29
Abi, Haidar Hiba. "Les compensations financières intra-groupe." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010301.
Full textAbstract:
La compensation financière intra-groupe permet à des sociétés d'un même groupe entretenant des relations d'affaires internes d'éteindre leurs dettes et créances mutuelles en ne payant ou en ne recevant qu'un solde net représentant la différence entre ce que chacune d'elles doit à la masse des autres et ce que cette masse lui doit. Cette opération qui semble reposer sur le mécanisme compensatoire détaché de la condition de «réciprocité», ne peut, selon l'enseignement unanime de la doctrine, exister : la compensation est uniquement bilatérale. Or, en dégageant la nature supplétive de la volonté des conditions légales de la compensation légale, l'affirmation contraire devient possible. Une convention de compensation intra-groupe peut être qualifiée de convention de compensation multilatérale. Seule cette qualification semble apte à assurer l'efficacité de cette opération. Si la légalité de la convention ne pose aucune difficulté majeure, son opposabilité aux tiers, saisissant, individuels ou collectifs, peut être redoutée. Cependant, en affectant les créances intra-groupe à un mode de règlement unique, celles-ci se trouvent liées entre elles par un lien de connexité. Ce lien empêchera que les tiers saisissant viennent perturber tant le déroulement que le dénouement de la compensation et, cela, en retirant une ou plusieurs créances intra-groupe de l'opération. Ainsi, si le régime des obligations ne traite généralement que des rapports bilatéraux, la richesse des principes généraux de droit permet un renouvellement continu des configirations civilistes les plus classiques.
30
PETREQUIN, PASCAL. "La lithiase biliaire intra-hepatique." Amiens, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AMIEM108.
Full text
31
Eleftheriadou, Ioulia. "Intra-Adventure : Choreographing Arctic Landscapes." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkitekthögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-133145.
Full text
32
Erovic, Ademovski Seida. "Treatment of intra-oral halitosis." Doctoral thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Avdelningen för Oral hälsa och folkhälsovetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-16611.
Full textAbstract:
Intra-oral halitosis (bad breath) is reported to affect 15-83 % of the adult population. Having intra-oral halitosis is a social and psycho-logical handicap, and may cause people in the person’s social circle to increase the physical distance or to turn their faces in another direction to avoid the unpleasant smell from the exhaled air. Such behaviours may affect the individual’s self-confidence resulting in insecurity in social and intimate relations. The oral health-related quality of life status has also been reported to be lower in individuals with halitosis. Approximately 90% of what is considered as bad breath is the result of the degradation of organic substrates (proteins) by an- aerobic bacteria of the oral cavity. Intra-oral halitosis can be assessed using both subjective and objective methods to evaluate the subject’s exhaled air. The most common one and the one often referred to as the ”gold standard”, is the organoleptic scoring system (OLS). OLS is a subjective method evaluating the strength of halitosis in exhaled air using a scale from 0-5. One objective method to assess the presence of volatile sulphur compounds in exhaled air is to use a sulphide monitor measuring the total sum of the volatile sulphur compounds (T-VSC) in exhaled air. The three gases (hydrogensulphide (H2S), methyl mercaptan (MM) and dimethyl sulphide (DMS)) in exhaled air related to intra-oral halitosis can be assessed separately using a simplified gas chromatograph. Different treatment models such as periodontal treatment, tongue scraping and rinsing with Zn ion containing products have been used to reduce intra-oralhalitosis. The present thesis has evaluated the efficacy of different treatment models in the treatment of intra-oral halitosis.
33
Dubrion, Benjamin Baudry Bernard. "Allocation et incitation intra-firme." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2002. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2002/dubrion_b.
Full text
34
Lau, Mei-fung Catherine. "[Intra]tecture : Kai Tak station /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25947655.
Full text
35
Silva, Eduardo Luann Wojcikiewicz Duarte. "Um estudo em (infra)vermelho." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2016. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/167923.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física, Florianópolis, 2016.<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-20T04:35:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
339963.pdf: 2031962 bytes, checksum: baf433b6535d81bc9a8de2813d7f9d43 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2016<br>Neste trabalho apresentamos uma caracterização detalhada das componentes da nova anã V2051 Ophiuchi no infravermelho através da análise de series temporais de fotometria rápida nas bandas J, H e KS obtidas com o telescópio SOAR de 4:1 m em 20 de junho de 2013 nas quais o objeto estava em quiescência. A este conjunto de dados, modelamos a modulação elipsoidal causada pela secundária gravitacionalmente distorcida para inferir seus fluxos. Com a modulação modelada, subtraímos sua contribuição da curva de luz do sistema obtendo curvas de luz correspondendo apenas ao disco de acréscimo. A estas curvas, aplicamos técnicas de mapeamento por eclipses para inferir sua distribuição espacial de brilho. A partir dos fluxos modelados da secundária calculamos suas magnitudes e cores (J - H), (H - KS) e (J - KS), que são consistentes com ade uma estrela de tipo espectral M(8:01:5) com temperatura equivalente de corpo negro de TBB = (2700270)K, o que coloca a binária a uma distância de dBB = (10717)pc. Através de uma relação empírica de Barnes & Evans para o brilho superficial, e fazendo um match espectral a um catálogo de estrelas anãs frias, encontramos distâncias de paralaxe fotométrica de dB&E = (10216)pc e dSM = (1126)pc, respectivamente. O tipo espectral e temperatura encontrados condizem com o esperado pela teoria de evolução de variáveis cataclísmicas e com medidas espectroscópicas. Utilizamos um código de mapeamento por eclipses em 3D para obter a distribuição de brilho no disco de acréscimo em cada banda. Usando a técnica de entropy landscape encontramos o raio do disco e ângulo de abertura de melhor ajuste para cada banda, Rd,J = 0:40RL1, Rd,H =0:41RL1 e Rd,KS = 0:8RL1, condizentes com o aumento da largura do eclipse visto nas curvas de luz e com o raio calculado a partir da meia largura do eclipse. Para todas as bandas o ângulo de abertura e desprezível. Os mapas de eclipse possuem evidências convincentes a favor da presença de bracos espirais. Analisamos as componentes assimétricas dos mapas de eclipse identificando estas estruturas e as distribuições azimutais de brilho para caracterizá-las. Distribuições radiais de temperatura de brilho e intensidade foram calculadas, bem como espectros espacialmente resolvidos do disco de acréscimo.<br><br>Abstract: In this work we present a detailed characterization of the dwarf nova V2051 Ophiuchi on the infrared via the analysis of time-series of high speed photometry on the J, H and KS bands, obtained with the 4:1 mSOAR telescope in June 20th, 2013, while the object was in a quiescentstate. We modelled the ellipsoidal variations in the light curve caused by the gravitationally distorted secondary star to infer its fluxes. We then subtracted the contribution of the secondary star from the light curves obtaining accretion disc-only light curves. To these light curves we applied Eclipse Mapping techniques to infer their spatial brightness distribution. From the modelled fluxes to the secondary we calculated its apparent magnitudes and (J - H), (H - KS) and (J - KS) colours, which are consistent with an M(8:01:5) star with a black body equivalent temperature of TBB = (2700270)K; this puts the binary at a distance of dBB = (10717)pc. Using an empirical Barnes & Evans relation to the surface brightness, and finding the best-t match one a catalogue of cool dwarfs, we find photometric parallax distances of dB&E = (10216)pc and dSM = (112 6)pc respectively. The estimated spectral type and temperature are in good agreement with expectations from the current models of cataclysmic variables evolution and with spectroscopic measurements. We used a 3D eclipse mapping code to obtain the brightness distribution at each band. Using the entropy landscape technique we find the disk radius and opening angle at each band, Rd,J = 0:40RL1, RdH = 0:41RL1 and Rd,KS = 0:8RL1, in agreement with the observed increase of the width of the eclipse with wavelength and with theradius calculated from the width of the eclipse. For all bands, the opening angle is negligible. The eclipse maps provide convincing evidence in favor of the presence of spiral arms. We analyzed the assymetrical components of the eclipse maps, identifying those structures, and the azimuthal brightness distributions to characterize them. Radial brightness temperature and intensity distributions are calculated, as well as spatially resolved spectra of the accretion disc.
36
Afonso, Alexandre Guazzelli. "Infra-estrutura e crescimento econômico." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/1836.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:54:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2000-12-18T00:00:00Z<br>Trata da análise do papel da infraestrutura no crescimento econômico. Criou-se um índice capaz de mensurar o desenvolvimento da infraestrutura, bem como permitir comparações do grau de desenvolvimento da infraestrutura entre países e ao longo do tempo. Ao final são apresentados modelos de crescimento econômico com infraestrutura e realizada a análise empírica. Essa análise possibilitou concluir sobre a forma e o grau do efeito que a infraestrutura na renda agregada.
37
Amouroux-Pezas, Chantal. "Les chromosomes B du mil : leur gestion dans une forme spontanée, Pennisetum violaceum, et leur transfert dans des lignées cultivées." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112185.
Full textAbstract:
Les chromosomes surnuméraires de type B observés au sein de certaines populations nigériennes de Pennisetum violaceum (Burm. ) Stapf et Hubb. (Une des formes spontanées du mil) sont morphologiquement stables et leur longueur est d’environ la moitié de celle du plus petit des chromosomes A du complément ; ils sont subtélocentriques, le petit bras étant réduit à un bloc d’hétérochromatine. Ils présentent une instabilité mitotique extrême qui aboutit à un important mosaïcisme intra et intertissulaire ; leur nombre varie de 0 à 13 d’une cellule à l’autre ; au niveau des méristèmes racinaux, leur nombre évolue également avec l’âge de la plante et les variations observées varient en fonction du nombre de chromosomes B présents dans le zygote. Les chromosomes B s’apparient très facilement entre eux, ce qui permet le réalisation d’associations multivalentes diverses (bivalents à heptavalents), il n’y a pas d’effet de groupe quand le nombre de chromosomes B augmente dans la cellule. 8,28 % des chromosomes B présents subissent une ségrégation précoce au cours de l’anaphase I ; la réalisation de ce phénomène dépend de leur positionnement par rapport à la plaque équatoriale ; lorsqu’un chromosome B, univalent ou intégré dans une association multivalente, se place en position amphitélique sur celle-ci, il subit une ségrégation précoce. Les chromosomes B sont transmissibles par le pollen et par l’ovule ; dans la descendance du croisement étudié (deuxième croisement de retour sur la lignée cultivée J lo4), ils peuvent se perdre par la voie pollinique. La présence des chromosomes B induit une variabilité phénotypique intrapopulation mais celle-ci ne peut être mise en évidence que si l’on considère l’aspect global de la plante décrite par les 28 caractères étudiés, si on ne fait aucune distinction entre eux. Il y a également une corrélation entre le nombre de chromosomes B et quelques caractères individuels : les individus porteurs de chromosomes B ont des feuilles en moyenne plus larges, plus nombreuses et un nombre de talles basales plus important au début de leur développement, mais par contre une feuille-drapeau moins longue et moins large. Par ailleurs, en fin de cycle, la floraison des talles basales excédentaires est plus ou moins inhibée. L’hypothèse suivante peut donc être proposée : les plantes possédant des chromosomes B présentent une croissance plus active au début de leur développement ce qui les rendrait plus compétitives que celles qui n’en n’ont pas ; mais par la suite, lors de la floraison, elles accuseraient un léger fléchissement compensatoire. Cette variation du comportement en fonction de l’âge de la plante pourrait être à l’origine des divergences constatées dans la bibliographie sur les chromosomes B<br>The B-chromosomes of some Nigerian populations of a pearl-millet spontaneous form: Pennisetum violaceum (BURM. ) Stapf and Hubb have been studied cytogenetically in relationship with the agronomic characteristics. They look morphologically stable and are very rich in heterochromatin; they show a very important mitotical instability (from 0 to 13 B-chromosomes per cell) which gives rise to an intra- and inter-tissulaire mosaicism, which depends on the number of B-chromosomes in the zygote and on the age of the plant; the chromosome pairing is very easy; they can make an early segregation in anaphase I (8,28 % independently of the number of B-chromosomes in the cell); they are transmitted by the pollen and the ovule and are lost by the pollinic transmission in the studied family. The presence of B-chromosomes (the number and the type of mosaicism) creates a phenotypical variability of general aspect of the plant, which can lead the hypothesis of an adaptive role of the B-chromosome, variable with the age of the plant. This variability could be at the basis of contradictory results and interpretations in the literature about the B-chromosomes
38
Raymundo, João Fernando Ramos. "Análise da pressão intra-abdominal em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia abdominal oncológica internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva." Botucatu, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138239.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Maria Inês de Moura Campos Pardini<br>Resumo: A pressão intra-abdominal (PIA) pode ser definida como, a pressão exercida pelos componentes intra-abdominais em relação à parede abdominal. Sua mensuração pode ser de forma direta ou indireta, através da pressão retal, gástrica ou vesical. A elevação da PIA é considerada uma complicação da cirurgia abdominal, sendo escassas as informações sobre esta variável em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia abdominal oncológica (CAO). Entre os fatores relacionados à elevação da PIA, podemos destacar a cirurgia abdominal, o estado nutricional dos pacientes e o balanço hídrico acumulado. O aumento da PIA pode acarretar à Hipertensão Intra-abdominal (HIA) - PIA maior ou igual a 12 mmHg, e até mesmo a Síndrome do Compartimento Abdominal (SCA) - PIA maior que 20 mmHg sustentada, quando associada a nova disfunção orgânica. Estas condições estão associadas à alta mortalidade. Objetivo: Analisar o valor da PIA em pacientes admitidos na UTI de um Hospital Oncológico submetidos à cirurgias abdominal, bem como verificar o desfecho clínico dos pacientes acometidos por HIA e SCA. Material e Método: Trata-se de um estudo observacional de coorte, com coleta retrospectiva, realizado na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) do Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Brasil. Os dados foram obtidos em um período de três meses, através de análises de prontuários. O objeto de estudo foi o valor da pressão intra-abdominal (PIA) em pós-operatório de cirurgias abdominais oncológicas (CAO), para detectar a ocorrência de hipe... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: The intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) can be defined as the pressure exerted by the intra- abdominal components in relation to the abdominal wall. Its measurement can be directly or indirectly, by rectal pressure, stomach or bladder. The elevation of the PIA is considered a complication of abdominal surgery, with little information on this variable in patients undergoing oncological abdominal surgery (OAS). Among the factors related to the increase in IAP, we can highlight abdominal surgery, the nutritional status of patients and the cumulative fluid balance. IAP increase may lead to intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) - IAP greater than or equal to 12 mmHg, and even the Abdominal Compartment Syndrome (ACS) - IAP greater than 20 mmHg sustained when associated with new organ dysfunction. These conditions are associated with high mortality. Objective: To analyze the change in the value of IAP in patients admitted to the ICU of a Oncological Hospital undergoing abdominal surgery, as well as verify the clinical outcome of patients affected by IAH and ACS. Materials and Methods: This was an observational cohort study with retrospective collection, held in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Barretos Cancer Hospital, Brazil. Data were collected over a period of three months by chart analysis. The object of study was the amount of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) in postoperative oncological abdominal surgery (OAS), to detect the occurrence of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH). Admitted... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)<br>Mestre
39
Jacyntho, Claudia Marcia de Azevedo. "Prevalencia de lesão intra-epitelial escamosa anal em mulheres com lesão intra-epitelilal escamosa genital." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313465.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Paulo Cesar Giraldo<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T02:47:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Jacyntho_ClaudiaMarciadeAzevedo_D.pdf: 1490520 bytes, checksum: b7e0bab3cdc415c99c264ee227a0a4e9 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2005<br>Resumo: A lesão escamosa intra-epitelial anal (ASIL) vem aumentando significativamente sua incidência nos últimos anos em pacientes masculinos com infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência adquirida humana (HIV), e mais recentemente em mulheres também HIV-positivas. Não se sabe, entretanto, se ASIL está em processo concomitante de crescimento em mulheres portadoras de lesões escamosas intra-epiteliais genitais (GSIL), independentemente da positividade para o HIV ou outros estados imunossupressivos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar a prevalência de ASIL em mulheres com GSIL, utilizando anuscopia e histopatologia. Trata-se de estudo de corte transversal, observacional, que comparou 211 mulheres com GSIL, cujo diagnóstico foi firmado por citopatologia, colposcopia e histopatologia, com outras 80 mulheres com exames citocolposcópicos normais, que foram assistidas no Ambulatório de Colposcopia do Hospital dos Servidores do Estado do Rio do Janeiro - Ministério da Saúde, no Ambulatório de Infecções Genitais do Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher do Departamento de Tocoginecologia da Unicamp e no Ambulatório de Colposcopia do Hospital Nossa Senhora da Saúde - Universidade Souza Marques - Rio de Janeiro. _Após anamnese dirigida foram realizados exames clínico geral, ginecológico e colposcópico. Foram também colhidas células esfoliadas do ânus para estudo citopatológico e realizadas anuscopias de alta resolução usando-se soluções contrastantes de ácido acético a 2% e de lugoL Biópsias com estudo histopatológico foram realizadas quando existiram lesões. Para a análise estatística foram empregados testes qui-quadrado ou exato de Fisher, a fim de estabelecer possíveis diferenças entre os grupos estudados. Empregaram-se análises bi e multivariada com regressão logística passo a passo para identificar fatores associados. O estudo teve a duração de 14 meses. Observou-se 19,5% de ASIL no grupo de mulheres com GSIL, ao passo que no grupo-comparativo, a prevalência de ASIL foi 2,5%. As ASIL de alto grau foram somente observadas no grupo-estudo, com 4,3% de prevalência. A persistência das GSIL mostrou-se um fator de associação com a presença de ASIL, RP=14,8 [IC(95%) 3,2; 68,2]. A multicentricidade de GSIL também se mostrou um fator relacionado à presença de ASIL, RP= 13,1[IC(95%) 2.7; 63.3]. Concluiu-se que o grupo de mulheres com GSIL persistente e/ou multicêntrica apresentou significativa associação com AS I L<br>Absrtact: Anal squamous intra-epitheliallesion (ASIL) has been significantly increased in the last decades, mainly among HIV-positive population. It is important to define other risk groups for ASIL, like genital squamous intra-epithelial lesion GSIL positive women. The goal of this study was to verify ASIL prevalence in women with GSIL, by anoscopy and histopathology. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 291 women were evaluated. They answered a questionary and were submitted to a clinical exam, including anoscopy and biopsies if anal lesions were seen. It was a comparative study among 211 GSIL-positive women, confirmed by cytology, colposcopy and histopatology and 80 GSIL-negative women, confirmed by two consecutives normal Pap smears and normal colposcopy. This study was performed at Servidores do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Hospital Department of Colposcopy; Women's Health Center of the State University of Campinas- UNICAMP-Department of Genital Infectious Diseases and Nossa Senhora da Saúde Hospital - Souza Marques University/Rio de Janeiro Department of Colposcopy. The ASIL prevalence in the two groups was compared Lusing prevalence ratio, calculated with 95% confidence interval, p-value and stepwise logistic regression analysis. Comparing ASIL prevalence in the two groups, 19.5% ASIL in the GSIL-positive group and 2.5% in the other were found. Ali of high grade ASIL were only observed in the GSIL-positive group (4.3%). The persistence of GSIL was associated with ASIL, PR=14,8 [IC (95%) 3,2; 68,2]. The multicentric GSIL was also related to ASIL, PR=13.1 [IC (95%) (2.7; 63.3)]. In conclusion, persistent and multicentric GSI L showed significative association with ASIL<br>Doutorado<br>Tocoginecologia<br>Doutor em Tocoginecologia
40
Espejo, Arce Ximena. "Avaliação da massa ossea em usuarias do sistema intra-uterino liberador de levonorgestrel (SIU-LNG)." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313054.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Luis Guillermo Bahamondes<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-05T18:04:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
EspejoArce_Ximena_D.pdf: 226435 bytes, checksum: 997ba92ae0218258f3a0f04fc7bf24e8 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2005<br>Resumo: Apesar dos contraceptivos hormonais serem largamente utilizados, a literatura ainda é controversa em relação aos efeitos dos mesmos sobre a densidade mineral óssea (DMO). O sistema intra-uterino liberador de levonorgestrel (SIU-LNG, Mirena®) é utilizado em mais de 100 países, entretanto não existem estudos sobre sua ação na massa óssea das usuárias. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a DMO de usuárias do SIU-LNG com a de usuárias de um método contraceptivo não hormonal, dispositivo intra-uterino (DIU TCu380A), além de avaliar os valores de estradiol (E2) nas usuárias de SIU-LNG. Materiais e Métodos: estudo de corte transversal, com 53 usuárias de SIU-LNG e 53 usuárias de DIU pareadas pela idade (±1 ano) e índice de massa corporal (IMC, kg/m2) (±1). A DMO foi realizada no antebraço não dominante na ulna e na porção ultradistal do rádio, mediante a técnica de absorciometria dupla (DXA). Nas usuárias de SIU-LNG foi realizada dosagem de estradiol sérico pela técnica de RIA Resultados: a média de idade foi de 34 anos e a de IMC foi pouco maior que 25 kg/m2 em ambos os grupos. A média de E2 nas usuárias de SIU-LNG foi de 98,2 ± 12,7pg/ml. Não houve diferença significativa na DMO entre usuárias de SIU-LNG e usuárias de métodos contraceptivos não hormonais. A DMO média nas usuárias de SIU-LNG foi de 0,471 ± 0,058 (ulna) e 0,467 ± 0,050 (porção ultradistal do rádio) e de 0,409 ± 0,009 (ulna) e 0,411 ± 0,009 (porção ultradistal do rádio) nas usuárias de DIU (média ± DP). Conclusões: Mulheres usuárias de SIU-LNG por sete anos, com idade entre 25 e 51 anos, apresentaram DMO similar à do grupo-controle<br>Abstract: BACKGROUND: There are concerns about the effect of hormonal contraceptives on bone mineral density (BMD) but there is currently no information available on the effect of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS, Mirenaâ) on BMD. The objective of this study was to compare the BMD of Mirenaâ users with that of controls using the TCu380A intrauterine device (IUD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study paired 53 women, aged 25 to 51, who had been using the LNG-IUS for 7 years, with 53 IUD users, according to age (± 1 year) and body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) (± 1). BMD was evaluated at the midshaft of the ulna and the distal radius of the nondominant forearm using double X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: Mean age of women was 34 years. BMI was slightly over 25 in both groups. Estradiol was 98.2 ± 12.7 pg/ml (mean ± SD). Mean BMD was 0.471 ± 0.058 and 0.467 ± 0.050 and 0.409 ± 0.009 and 0.411 ± 0.009 at the midshaft of the ulna and distal radius in Mirena and IUD users, respectively (mean ± SD), without significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: Women aged 25 to 51, using the LNG-IUS for seven years, had a mean BMD similar to that of the control group of TCu380A IUD users<br>Doutorado<br>Ciencias Biomedicas<br>Doutor em Tocoginecologia
41
Bem, José Paulo de. "São Paulo cidade / memória e projeto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16131/tde-08012008-114233/.
Full textAbstract:
Este trabalho resulta da procura de relações entre arquitetura e cidade a partir da experiência de realizar projetos na cidade de São Paulo. Nesta organização desta experiência monta-se um panorama da evolução das linhas mais gerais da estruturação urbana em construção na intenção de criar sentidos para probabilidades de evolução destas linhas mais gerais onde essas intervenções pontuais como estudos, se apresentam como partes.<br>This work is the result of the search of relationships between architecture and the city from the experience of accomplish urban design projects in São Paulo city. To organize this experience a panorama of the evolution of the most general guidelines of the urban structure construction is made in order to create meanings for its future evolution probabilities, where the punctual interventions, as studies, are presented as parts.
42
Antunes, Telma Nicole Nogueira. "Estudo comparativo do desempenho óptico de diversas lentes intra-oculares (LIO) multifocais." Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/1218.
Full textAbstract:
A cirurgia da catarata tem vindo a evoluir ao longo dos anos, tendo sido realizado o primeiro implante de uma lente intra-ocular em 1949. Desde então, várias técnicas foram utilizadas e descontinuadas devido a insucessos. Actualmente é utilizada a técnica de facoemulsificação. Tal como a técnica cirúrgica a lente implantada também tem vindo a evoluir, tanto a nível do material como a nível de design. Com as evoluções, tanto a nível de técnica cirúrgica como a nível de forma e material das lentes o número de sucessos é cada vez maior. Existem vários tipos de LIO: LIO monofocais, multifocais refractivas e multifocais difractivas.
Antes da cirurgia é importante fazer uma análise da história clínica de cada paciente, ver as indicações e contra-indicações, fazer as medidas biométricas, calcular a potência da LIO a implantar, entre outras. Existem várias fórmulas para o cálculo da potência da LIO. Os parâmetros fundamentais para este cálculo devem ser tomados em conta, são eles, o comprimento axial do olho, a potência corneal, o astigmatismo, a posição da lente e a profundidade da câmara anterior. Se algum destes for mal medido, ou não for devidamente realizado, o resultado final será afectado.
Depois da cirurgia devem ter-se alguns cuidados pós-operatórios, seguir o tratamento pós-cirúrgico e fazer as visitas necessárias, para ir confirmando os resultados, e por fim fazer a refracção final.
Para o estudo das LIO asférica e multifocal difractiva, no programa Oslo, foi primeiramente feito um estudo de vários modelos esquemáticos do olho humano, com o intuito de encontrar o que melhor se aproxima do olho humano. Para tal foram utilizados para a base do estudo os descritores ópticos, MTF, racio de Strhel e diagrama de pontos. Foi utilizado o modelo de Liou-Brennan para avaliar o desempenho das lentes intra-oculares asférica e multifocal difractiva. Os detalhes do projecto e optimização são dados, e o desempenho óptico é avaliado através da MTF, do diagrama de pontos e da acuidade visual. Considerando uma pupila de 3mm de diâmetro, quando a aberração esférica está totalmente corrigida pela LIO asférica, a melhor AV chega a 1.5. Na LIO multifocal difractiva a luz é desviada para dois focos, sendo a melhor qualidade da imagem atingida para longe, com a ordem de difracção -1 e para perto com a ordem de difracção +1. Através do mesmo método verifica-se que para longe a acuidade visual tanto para a lente intra-ocular asférica como para a multifocal difractiva é de 1.3, podemos então concluir que para longe as duas lentes são igualmente eficazes.
43
Laha, Sidhartha Sankar. "A Study of India`s intra-industry trade." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/554.
Full text
44
Bøsterud, M. "Inter-professional intra-clinic knowledge sharing and management as means to increased intra-clinic patient referrals." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2017. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3009306/.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis explores knowledge sharing and patient referrals in a Norwegian multi-professional health services clinic. The clinic includes the professions of chiropractic, acupuncture, physiotherapy, osteopathy and massage therapy, and contains low levels of intra-clinic inter-professional patient referrals among the therapists. The aim of the research project was to investigate whether increased inter-actor professional knowledge sharing among the clinic therapists would lead to augmented levels of intra-clinic inter-professional patient referral rates. The research aims were mainly explored within the academic realm of knowledge management and social identity theory. The research project engaged all the involved therapists in the clinic, and comprised several practical interventions in the organisation, including one-to-one interviews and group sessions. The project represents an initial part of an ongoing organisational process, where the iterative aspects of action learning is practised by way of continued interventions and management initiatives. The research evidenced that the organisation contained several barriers to knowledge sharing, and that these were connected to perceptions of group identity and belonging, partially delineated along conventional professional demarcations. The research further revealed several useful means to enhance knowledge sharing among the therapists in the form of knowledge artefacts, which contributed to enhanced sense of group belonging among the partakers, furthering their knowledge sharing impulse. It was further demonstrated that the enhanced knowledge sharing that resulted from the organisational interventions and new sense of group belonging led to augmented levels of intra-clinic inter-professional patient referrals. The research will inform future practice by way of instigating future knowledge sharing initiatives in the health clinic. Key words: Appreciative inquiry; knowledge management; social identity theory; knowledge artefacts.
45
Ligget, Mariah T. "Effects of weightlifting, with and without an abdominal belt, on intra-abdominal and intra-thoracic pressures /." The Ohio State University, 1989. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487598748019318.
Full text
46
Guo, Xiaoling. "CMOS intra-chip wireless clock distribution." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0011427.
Full text
47
Pfeiler, Susanne. "Intra- und extrazelluläre Vesikelbildung nach Zellschädigung." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-125520.
Full text
48
Emilsson, Inga-Lill. "Sand, småbarn och intra-aktiv lek." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för utbildningsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-13143.
Full textAbstract:
I förskolans utemiljö är det vanligt att det finns en sandlåda på gården. Den är centralt placerad och barnen är där och leker. Enligt den nya Skollagen och förskolans reviderade läroplan ska verksamhetens innehåll vila på vetenskaplig grund och beprövad erfarenhet. Detta gäller även den verksamhet som pågår i sandlådan. Men vad är det som sker när sanden, barnen och lekredskapen möts i sandlådan? Detta är en kvalitativ studie som utifrån ett intra-aktivt perspektiv syftar till att synliggöra hur sanden i sandlådan, lekredskap och de yngsta barnen (1-3 år) skapar möjligheter och villkor för lek och meningsskapande. Utifrån fotografier, anteckningar och videofilm har nya begrepp skapats för att kunna beskriva och förklara det som sker i sandlådan. Resultaten visar på en ständig rörelse där sand, barn och lekredskap förflyttas, förändras och förvandlas. Barn, sand och lekredskap leker tillsammans i ömsesidiga och sammanvävda intra-aktioner. Studiens resultat bidrar till att visa på dessa komplexa processer och hur små barn, med hela sin kropp och alla sinnen, medvetet tillsammans med sanden och lekredskapen skapar ny mening och nya möjligheter.<br>In the preschool outdoor environment, it is common that there is a sandbox. It is centrally located and the children are there and play. According to the new Education act and Curriculum for the Preschool Lpfö 98 (Revised 2010) the content should be based on scientific evidence and proven experience. This also applies to the activities being performed in the sandbox. But what is happening in the sand, when the children and play equipment come together in the sandbox? This is a qualitative study based on an intra-active perspective, whose purpose is to visualize how the sand in the sandbox, the playground equipment and the youngest children (1-3 years) create opportunities and conditions for play and meaning. Based on photographs, notes and video, new concepts are created to describe and explain what happens in the sandbox. The results show a continuous movement in which sand, children, and playground equipment is moved, changed and transformed. Children, sand and playground equipment play together in mutual and intertwined intra-actions. The findings in the study help to demonstrate how these complex processes and young children, with the whole body and the senses, consciously together with the sand and play equipment create new meaning and new possibilities.
49
Tourigny, Mark Claude. "Gentrification : an intra-urban predictive model." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27704.
Full textAbstract:
Since 1970, many inner-city neighbourhoods that were the domain of low-income groups occupying cheap, dilapidated housing have attracted higher socio-economic groups. As a consequence, capital invested has increased the condition and price of inner-city housing. This phenomenon is commonly called "gentrification."
This thesis reviews the gentrification literature, analyzes gentrification within an economic framework, and uses regression analysis to test the following hypothesis: There is a lag between the first statge of gentrification, the start of demographic transition, and the second stage, rising real housing prices. An increase in real housing prices can, therefore, be predicted by observing which central neighbourhoods are beginning to undergo demographic change.
The intra-urban gentrification model designed for this thesis regresses the change in real housing prices during the 1970s against the change in demographics during the 1960s. The sample is 95 inner-city census tracts from Vancouver, Ottawa-Hull, and Toronto.
The conclusion from statistical analysis is that rising housing prices in gentrifying neighbourhoods can indeed be predicted by observing which inner-city neighbourhoods are starting to undergo demographic change.<br>Business, Sauder School of<br>Graduate
50
Dixon, Richard Igor John Dmitri Asoka Thomas. "Infra-red observations of globular clusters." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27915.
Full textAbstract:
Near-infra-red imaging observations of the two highly reddened globular clusters M4 and M71 are presented. These data represent the deepest K observations yet published for any cluster. The photometric accuracy and repeatability of the infra-red camera IRCAM is investigated. Observations made at wavelengths of 1.25 μm (J) and 2.2 μm (K) show clearly that the camera-array combination is capable of a photometric accuracy of better than 1% on bright stars, with no evidence of residual non-linearity of > 2% over 6 magnitudes. The reduction procedure is discussed in detail. The profile fitting package DAOPHOT produces accurate and repeatable results from these small frames with large pixels. Zero-point calibrations are examined, and the data are combined with optical data. M71: Fitting new (V-K)-V and (V-K)-K isochrones finds for the four free parameters: E(B-V)=0.26 ± 0.03; (m-M)<SUB>o</SUB>=12.85 ± 0.15; age=13 ± 1 Gyr and [Fe/H]=-0.78 ± 0.3, which agree very well with the adopted values from the literature. Combining these with the unified literature results gives the best yet estimates of the cluster parameters: E(B-V)=0.266 ± 0.015; (m-M)<SUB>o</SUB>=12.87 ± 0.07; age=14.5 ± 2 Gyr and [Fe/H]=-0.7 ± 0.4. No significant binary fraction is detected on the main sequence. M4: An extensive re-assessment of the literature concludes that a value of R to 4.0 ± 0.2 is appropriate and that the 'best' literature parameters are: E(B-V)=0.37 ± 0.01; (m-M)<SUB>o</SUB>=11.22 ± 0.11 ; age=16 ± 2 Gyr and [Fe/H]=-1.1 ± 0.25. The Alcaino and Liller (1984) V magnitudes are found to contain a zero-point error. Allowing for this, isochrone fitting finds an age of 16 ± 3 Gyr and [Fe/H]=-1.0 ± 0.4.