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Journal articles on the topic 'Inbreeding load'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 November 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Nagy, István, and Thi Anh Nguyen. "Characterizing and Eliminating the Inbreeding Load." Veterinary Sciences 11, no. 1 (2023): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11010008.

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The authors evaluated the relevant literature related to purging, which is the interaction between selection and inbreeding in which the population may eliminate its inbreeding load at least partially. According to the relevant literature, the inbreeding load and the process of purging were evaluated via pedigree methods based on ancestral inbreeding, the inbreeding–purging model, and expressed opportunity of purging, along with genomic methods. Most ancestral inbreeding-related studies were performed in zoos, where only a small proportion of the studied populations show signs of purging. The

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2

CHARLESWORTH, BRIAN. "The effect of synergistic epistasis on the inbreeding load." Genetical Research 71, no. 1 (1998): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672398003140.

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The magnitude of inbreeding depression in Drosophila melanogaster appears too large to be accounted for by mutational load with multiplicative fitness interactions among loci, if current estimates of mutation and selection parameters are valid. One possible explanation for this discrepancy is synergistic epistasis among the fitness effects of deleterious mutations. A simple model of the effect of synergistic epistasis on the inbreeding load is developed. This model is used to show that deleterious mutations could account for the Drosophila data on the effects of inbreeding on components of fit

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BATAILLON, THOMAS, and MARK KIRKPATRICK. "Inbreeding depression due to mildly deleterious mutations in finite populations: size does matter." Genetical Research 75, no. 1 (2000): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672399004048.

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We studied the effects of population size on the inbreeding depression and genetic load caused by deleterious mutations at a single locus. Analysis shows how the inbreeding depression decreases as population size becomes smaller and/or the rate of inbreeding increases. This pattern contrasts with that for the load, which increases as population size becomes smaller but decreases as inbreeding rate goes up. The depression and load both approach asymptotic limits when the population size becomes very large or very small. Numerical results show that the transition between the small and the large

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4

Wang, Dongfeng, Hosein Salehian-Dehkordi, Langda Suo, and Fenghua Lv. "Impacts of Population Size and Domestication Process on Genetic Diversity and Genetic Load in Genus Ovis." Genes 14, no. 10 (2023): 1977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14101977.

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In theoretical biology, a prevailing hypothesis posits a profound interconnection between effective population size (Ne), genetic diversity, inbreeding, and genetic load. The domestication and improvement processes are believed to be pivotal in diminishing genetic diversity while elevating levels of inbreeding and increasing genetic load. In this study, we performed a whole genome analysis to quantity genetic diversity, inbreeding, and genetic load across seven wild Ovis species and five domesticated sheep breeds. Our research demonstrates that the genetic load and diversity of species in the

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5

Latter, B. D., J. C. Mulley, D. Reid, and L. Pascoe. "Reduced genetic load revealed by slow inbreeding in Drosophila melanogaster." Genetics 139, no. 1 (1995): 287–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/139.1.287.

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Abstract The rate of decline in reproductive fitness in populations of Drosophila melanogaster inbred at an initial rate of approximately 1% per generation has been investigated under both competitive and noncompetitive conditions. Breeding population size was variable in the inbred lines with an estimated harmonic mean of 66.7 +/- 2.2. Of the 60 lines maintained without reserves, 75% survived a period of 210 generations of slow inbreeding and were then rapidly inbred by full-sib mating to near-homozygosity. The initial rate of inbreeding was estimated to be 0.96 +/- 0.16% per generation, corr

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6

Guillaume, Frédéric, and Nicolas Perrin. "Joint Evolution of Dispersal and Inbreeding Load." Genetics 173, no. 1 (2006): 497–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.105.046847.

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7

Nietlisbach, Pirmin, Stefanie Muff, Jane M. Reid, Michael C. Whitlock, and Lukas F. Keller. "Nonequivalent lethal equivalents: Models and inbreeding metrics for unbiased estimation of inbreeding load." Evolutionary Applications 12, no. 2 (2018): 266–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.12713.

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8

Fox, C. W., K. L. Scheibly, B. P. Smith, and W. G. Wallin. "Inbreeding depression in two seed-feeding beetles, Callosobruchus maculatus and Stator limbatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)." Bulletin of Entomological Research 97, no. 1 (2007): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485307004737.

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AbstractInbreeding depression is well documented in insects but the degree to which inbreeding depression varies among populations within species, and among traits within populations, is poorly studied in insects other than Drosophila. Inbreeding depression was examined in two long-term laboratory colonies of the seed beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius), which are used frequently as models for experiments in ecology, evolution and behaviour. Inbreeding depression in these laboratory colonies are compared with one recently field-collected population of a different seed beetle, Stator l

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9

Willis, John H. "Inbreeding Load, Average Dominance and the Mutation Rate for Mildly Deleterious Alleles in Mimulus guttatus." Genetics 153, no. 4 (1999): 1885–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/153.4.1885.

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Abstract The goal of this study is to provide information on the genetics of inbreeding depression in a primarily outcrossing population of Mimulus guttatus. Previous studies of this population indicate that there is tremendous inbreeding depression for nearly every fitness component and that almost all of this inbreeding depression is due to mildly deleterious alleles rather than recessive lethals or steriles. In this article I assayed the homozygous and heterozygous fitnesses of 184 highly inbred lines extracted from a natural population. Natural selection during the five generations of self

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10

Glémin, Sylvain, Thomas Bataillon, Joëlle Ronfort, Agnès Mignot, and Isabelle Olivieri. "Inbreeding Depression in Small Populations of Self-Incompatible Plants." Genetics 159, no. 3 (2001): 1217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/159.3.1217.

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Abstract Self-incompatibility (SI) is a widespread mechanism that prevents inbreeding in flowering plants. In many species, SI is controlled by a single locus (the S locus) where numerous alleles are maintained by negative frequency-dependent selection. Inbreeding depression, the decline in fitness of selfed individuals compared to outcrossed ones, is an essential factor in the evolution of SI systems. Conversely, breeding systems influence levels of inbreeding depression. Little is known about the joint effect of SI and drift on inbreeding depression. Here we studied, using a two-locus model,

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11

ZHOU, SHU-RONG, and JOHN R. PANNELL. "Inbreeding depression and genetic load at partially linked loci in a metapopulation." Genetics Research 92, no. 2 (2010): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672310000133.

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SummaryInbreeding depression has important implications for a wide range of biological phenomena, such as inbreeding avoidance, the evolution and maintenance of sexual systems and extinction rates of small populations. Previous investigations have asked how inbreeding depression evolves in single and subdivided populations through the fixation of deleterious mutations as a result of drift, as well as through the expression of deleterious mutations segregating in a population. These studies have focused on the effects of mutation and selection at single loci, or at unlinked loci. Here, we used

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12

THEODOROU, KONSTANTINOS, and DENIS COUVET. "Inbreeding depression and heterosis in a subdivided population: influence of the mating system." Genetical Research 80, no. 2 (2002): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672302005785.

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We investigate the joint effects of gene flow and selfing on the level of inbreeding depression, heterosis and genetic load in a subdivided population at equilibrium. Low gene flow reduces inbreeding depression and substantially increases heterosis. However, in highly self-fertilizing populations, inbreeding depression is independent of the amount of gene flow. When migration occurs via pollen, consanguinity of the reproductive system could have a negative influence on subpopulation persistence, in contrast to the case of isolated populations. However, with only seed migration, genetic load an

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13

Brekke, Patricia, Peter M. Bennett, Jinliang Wang, Nathalie Pettorelli, and John G. Ewen. "Sensitive males: inbreeding depression in an endangered bird." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 277, no. 1700 (2010): 3677–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.1144.

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Attempts to conserve threatened species by establishing new populations via reintroduction are controversial. Theory predicts that genetic bottlenecks result in increased mating between relatives and inbreeding depression. However, few studies of wild sourced reintroductions have carefully examined these genetic consequences. Our study assesses inbreeding and inbreeding depression in a free-living reintroduced population of an endangered New Zealand bird, the hihi ( Notiomystis cincta ). Using molecular sexing and marker-based inbreeding coefficients estimated from 19 autosomal microsatellite

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14

Pérez-Pereira, Noelia, Armando Caballero, and Aurora García-Dorado. "Reviewing the consequences of genetic purging on the success of rescue programs." Conservation Genetics 23, no. 1 (2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-021-01405-7.

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AbstractGenetic rescue is increasingly considered a promising and underused conservation strategy to reduce inbreeding depression and restore genetic diversity in endangered populations, but the empirical evidence supporting its application is limited to a few generations. Here we discuss on the light of theory the role of inbreeding depression arising from partially recessive deleterious mutations and of genetic purging as main determinants of the medium to long-term success of rescue programs. This role depends on two main predictions: (1) The inbreeding load hidden in populations with a lon

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15

Kövér, György, Ino Curik, Lubos Vostry, János Farkas, Dávid Mezőszentgyörgyi, and István Nagy. "Analysis of Inbreeding Effects on Survival at Birth of Pannon White Rabbits Using the Inbreeding-Purging Model." Diversity 15, no. 1 (2023): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15010071.

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Mating between related animals is an inevitable consequence of a closed population structure especially when it coincides with a small population size. As a result, inbreeding depression may be encountered especially when considering fitness traits. However, under certain circumstances, the joint effects of inbreeding and selection may at least partly purge the detrimental genes from the population. In the course of this study, our objective was to determine the status of purging and to quantify the magnitude of the eliminated genetic load for the survival at birth of Pannon White rabbit kits

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16

Samayoa, Luis Fernando, Bode A. Olukolu, Chin Jian Yang, et al. "Domestication reshaped the genetic basis of inbreeding depression in a maize landrace compared to its wild relative, teosinte." PLOS Genetics 17, no. 12 (2021): e1009797. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009797.

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Inbreeding depression is the reduction in fitness and vigor resulting from mating of close relatives observed in many plant and animal species. The extent to which the genetic load of mutations contributing to inbreeding depression is due to large-effect mutations versus variants with very small individual effects is unknown and may be affected by population history. We compared the effects of outcrossing and self-fertilization on 18 traits in a landrace population of maize, which underwent a population bottleneck during domestication, and a neighboring population of its wild relative teosinte

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17

Mullin, Tim J., Torgny Persson, Sara Abrahamsson, and Bengt Andersson Gull. "Effects of inbreeding depression on seed production in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris)." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 49, no. 7 (2019): 854–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2019-0049.

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Like other outcrossing species, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is thought to carry a “genetic load” of deleterious recessive alleles. When these alleles occur as homozygotes in inbred progeny, their expression can give rise to “inbreeding depression”. Although this phenomenon has been studied in several conifer species through selfing, few studies have quantified inbreeding depression in crosses with lower levels of relatedness between parents. We report here on the generation of a set of F3 study materials in Scots pine in which 142 families arose from a mating design among 49 F2 parents, r

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18

GLÉMIN, SYLVAIN. "Lethals in subdivided populations." Genetical Research 86, no. 1 (2005): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672305007676.

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The fate of lethal alleles in populations is of interest in evolutionary and conservation biology for several reasons. For instance, lethals may contribute substantially to inbreeding depression. The frequency of lethal alleles depends on population size, but it is not clear how it is affected by population structure. By analysing the case of the infinite island model by numerical approaches and analytical approximations it is shown that, like population size, population structure affects the fate of lethal alleles if dominance levels are low. Inbreeding depression caused by such alleles is al

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19

Whitlock, Michael C. "Selection, Load and Inbreeding Depression in a Large Metapopulation." Genetics 160, no. 3 (2002): 1191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/160.3.1191.

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Abstract The subdivision of a species into local populations causes its response to selection to change, even if selection is uniform across space. Population structure increases the frequency of homozygotes and therefore makes selection on homozygous effects more effective. However, population subdivision can increase the probability of competition among relatives, which may reduce the efficacy of selection. As a result, the response to selection can be either increased or decreased in a subdivided population relative to an undivided one, depending on the dominance coefficient FST and whether

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20

Agrawal, Aneil. "Understanding genetic variance, load, and inbreeding depression with selfing." Peer Community in Evolutionary Biology, no. 2 (November 18, 2017): 100041. http://dx.doi.org/10.24072/pci.evolbiol.100041.

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21

Casellas, J. "On individual-specific prediction of hidden inbreeding depression load." Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 135, no. 1 (2017): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jbg.12308.

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22

Charlesworth, Brian. "Mutational load, inbreeding depression and heterosis in subdivided populations." Molecular Ecology 27, no. 24 (2018): 4991–5003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mec.14933.

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23

Kimbeng, C. A., and E. T. Bingham. "Population improvement in lucerne (Medicago sativa L.): components of inbreeding depression are different in original and improved populations." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 38, no. 8 (1998): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea98112.

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Summary. Inbreeding depression, the lowered fitness of inbred individuals compared with their non-inbred counterparts, is an important concept in lucerne improvement; but is poorly understood. Two-allele autotetraploid populations are suitable for studying inbreeding depression, especially when the population improvement strategy involves inbreeding, because they are derived from chromosome-doubling of hybrid diploid plants. They have a maximum of 2 alleles and a single allelic interaction per locus. Inbreeding depression was compared in original 2-allele autotetraploid populations and populat

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Willoughby, Janna R., Peter M. Waser, Anna Brüniche-Olsen, and Mark R. Christie. "Inbreeding load and inbreeding depression estimated from lifetime reproductive success in a small, dispersal-limited population." Heredity 123, no. 2 (2019): 192–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41437-019-0197-z.

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25

Ritland, Kermit. "Inferring the genetic basis of inbreeding depression in plants." Genome 39, no. 1 (1996): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g96-001.

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Recent progress in the genetic analysis of inbreeding depression in plants is reviewed. While the debate over the importance of genes of dominance versus overdominance effect continues, the scope of inferences has widened and now includes such facets as the interactions between genes, the relative abundance of major versus minor genes, life cycle stage expression, and mutation rates. The types of inferences are classified into the genomic, where many genes are characterized as an average, and the genic, where individual genes are characterized. Genomic inferences can be based upon natural leve

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Ferdy, Jean-Baptiste, Sandrine Loriot, Michel Sandmeier, Madeleine Lefranc, and Christian Raquin. "Inbreeding depression in a rare deceptive orchid." Canadian Journal of Botany 79, no. 10 (2001): 1181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b01-096.

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We quantified inbreeding depression for seed maturation and germination in a deceptively pollinated orchid (Dactylorhiza praetermissa (Druce) Soó). Deceptive species do not provide any reward to their pollinators, which thus visit few flowers per plant. Therefore, deceptive species are predicted to experience high outcrossing. In agreement with the prediction that species with high outcrossing rate should possess a heavy genetic load, we demonstrated inbreeding depression in one of the populations we studied. More surprisingly, we found some evidence of inbreeding depression at a small geograp

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SCHEIDEL, W. "BROTHER-SISTER MARRIAGE IN ROMAN EGYPT." Journal of Biosocial Science 29, no. 3 (1997): 361–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932097003611.

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According to official census returns from Roman Egypt (first to third centuries CE) preserved on papyrus, 23·5% of all documented marriages in the Arsinoites district in the Fayum (n=102) were between brothers and sisters. In the second century CE, the rates were 37% in the city of Arsinoe and 18·9% in the surrounding villages. Documented pedigrees suggest a minimum mean level of inbreeding equivalent to a coefficient of inbreeding of 0·0975 in second century CE Arsinoe. Undocumented sources of inbreeding and an estimate based on the frequency of close-kin unions (corrected downwards to 30% fo

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Hughes, Kimberly A. "The inbreeding decline and average dominance of genes affecting male life-history characters in Drosophila melanogaster." Genetical Research 65, no. 1 (1995): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300032997.

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SummaryThis paper describes the results of assays of male life-history characters in a large outbred laboratory population of D. melanogaster. Lines of flies homozygous for the entire third chromosome and lines of flies carrying two different third chromosomes were assayed for agespecific male mating ability (MMA), age-specific survivorship, male fertility, and body mass. The results of these assays were used to calculate the inbreeding decline associated with each of these traits, the average dominance of deleterious alleles that affect the traits, the genotypic and environmental components o

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Launey, Sophie, and Dennis Hedgecock. "High Genetic Load in the Pacific Oyster Crassostrea gigas." Genetics 159, no. 1 (2001): 255–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/159.1.255.

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Abstract The causes of inbreeding depression and the converse phenomenon of heterosis or hybrid vigor remain poorly understood despite their scientific and agricultural importance. In bivalve molluscs, related phenomena, marker-associated heterosis and distortion of marker segregation ratios, have been widely reported over the past 25 years. A large load of deleterious recessive mutations could explain both phenomena, according to the dominance hypothesis of heterosis. Using inbred lines derived from a natural population of Pacific oysters and classical crossbreeding experiments, we compare th

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Wang, Jinliang, and William G. Hill. "Effect of Selection Against Deleterious Mutations on the Decline in Heterozygosity at Neutral Loci in Closely Inbreeding Populations." Genetics 153, no. 3 (1999): 1475–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/153.3.1475.

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Abstract Transition matrices for selfing and full-sib mating were derived to investigate the effect of selection against deleterious mutations on the process of inbreeding at a linked neutral locus. Selection was allowed to act within lines only (selection type I) or equally within and between lines (type II). For selfing lines under selection type I, inbreeding is always retarded, the retardation being determined by the recombination fraction between the neutral and selected loci and the inbreeding depression from the selected locus, irrespective of the selection coefficient (s) and dominance

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WANG, JINLIANG, WILLIAM G. HILL, DEBORAH CHARLESWORTH, and BRIAN CHARLESWORTH. "Dynamics of inbreeding depression due to deleterious mutations in small populations: mutation parameters and inbreeding rate." Genetical Research 74, no. 2 (1999): 165–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672399003900.

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A multilocus stochastic model is developed to simulate the dynamics of mutational load in small populations of various sizes. Old mutations sampled from a large ancestral population at mutation–selection balance and new mutations arising each generation are considered jointly, using biologically plausible lethal and deleterious mutation parameters. The results show that inbreeding depression and the number of lethal equivalents due to partially recessive mutations can be partly purged from the population by inbreeding, and that this purging mainly involves lethals or detrimentals of large effe

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RONFORT, J. "The mutation load under tetrasomic inheritance and its consequences for the evolution of the selfing rate in autotetraploid species." Genetical Research 74, no. 1 (1999): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672399003845.

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Single-locus equilibrium frequencies of a partially recessive deleterious mutation under the mutation–selection balance model are derived for partially selfing autotetraploid populations. Assuming multiplicative fitness interactions among loci, approximate solutions for the mean fitness and inbreeding depression values are also derived for the multiple locus case and compared with expectations for the diploid model. As in diploids, purging of deleterious mutations through consanguineous matings occurs in autotetraploid populations, i.e. the equilibrium mutation load is a decreasing function of

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33

Carr, David E., and Michele R. Dudash. "Recent approaches into the genetic basis of inbreeding depression in plants." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 358, no. 1434 (2003): 1071–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2003.1295.

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Predictions for the evolution of mating systems and genetic load vary, depending on the genetic basis of inbreeding depression (dominance versus overdominance, epistasis and the relative frequencies of genes of large and small effect). A distinction between the dominance and overdominance hypotheses is that deleterious recessive mutations should be purged in inbreeding populations. Comparative studies of populations differing in their level of inbreeding and experimental approaches that allow selection among inbred lines support this prediction. More direct biometric approaches provide strong

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Sivakumaran, T. A., and S. Karthikeyan. "Effects of Inbreeding on Reproductive Losses in Kota Tribe." Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research 46, no. 02 (1997): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001566000000672.

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AbstractSanghvi's hypothesis on long term effects of inbreeding was tested in Kotas. Kota is a numerically small tribal population in the Nilgiri district, Tamil Nadu State, India. Consanguineous marriages are common in this tribe. A total of 95 couples were taken for this study and necessary data were collected on a set proforma. Of the 95 couples, 28 (29.5%) were consanguineously related. The inbreeding coefficient for autosomal genes is 0.022 and for sex-linked genes is 0.03. Inbreeding effects on reproductive losses were examined through an exponential regression model. Although the regres

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Charlesworth, D., M. T. Morgan, and B. Charlesworth. "The effect of linkage and population size on inbreeding depression due to mutational load." Genetical Research 59, no. 1 (1992): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300030160.

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SummaryUsing a stochastic model of a finite population in which there is mutation to partially recessive detrimental alleles at many loci, we study the effects of population size and linkage between the loci on the population mean fitness and inbreeding depression values. Although linkage between the selected loci decreases the amount of inbreeding depression, neither population size nor recombination rate have strong effects on these quantities, unless extremely small values are assumed. We also investigate how partial linkage between the loci that determine fitness affects the invasion of po

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Rao, P. Mohan, M. Ramesh, K. Geetha Kumari, and G. Sudhakar. "Consanguinity, inbreeding and genetic load in salis: A sub divided population of Andhra Pradesh, South India." Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences 4, no. 1 (2017): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apjhs.2017.4.1.29.

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37

Spigler, Rachel B., Konstantinos Theodorou, and Shu-Mei Chang. "Inbreeding depression and drift load in small populations at demographic disequilibrium." Evolution 71, no. 1 (2016): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/evo.13103.

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ZHOU, SHURONG, CUICUI ZHOU, and JOHN R. PANNELL. "Genetic load, inbreeding depression and heterosis in an age-structured metapopulation." Journal of Evolutionary Biology 23, no. 11 (2010): 2324–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.02091.x.

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Guillaume, Frédéric, and Nicolas Perrin. "Inbreeding Load, Bet Hedging, and the Evolution of Sex‐Biased Dispersal." American Naturalist 173, no. 4 (2009): 536–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/597218.

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Agrawal, Aneil F. "Ecological Determinants of Mutation Load and Inbreeding Depression in Subdivided Populations." American Naturalist 176, no. 2 (2010): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/653672.

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Pekkala, Nina, K. Emily Knott, Janne S. Kotiaho, and Mikael Puurtinen. "Inbreeding rate modifies the dynamics of genetic load in small populations." Ecology and Evolution 2, no. 8 (2012): 1791–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.293.

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42

Ronfort, J., and D. Couvet. "A stochastic model of selection on selfing rates in structured populations." Genetical Research 65, no. 3 (1995): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300033280.

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SummaryPrevious theoretical studies of the evolution of the selfing rate have shown that mixed mating systems are not evolutionary stable states. Such models have, however, not included the effects of population structure and thus biparental inbreeding together with the evolution of selfing rates and inbreeding depression. In order to examine selection on selfing rates in structured populations, a stochastic model simulating a finite population with partial selfing and restricted pollen and seed dispersal has been developed. Selection on the mating system was followed by introducing modifiers

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López-Cortegano, Eugenio, Eulalia Moreno, and Aurora García-Dorado. "Genetic purging in captive endangered ungulates with extremely low effective population sizes." Heredity 127, no. 5 (2021): 433–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41437-021-00473-2.

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AbstractInbreeding threatens the survival of small populations by producing inbreeding depression, but also exposes recessive deleterious effects in homozygosis allowing for genetic purging. Using inbreeding-purging theory, we analyze early survival in four pedigreed captive breeding programs of endangered ungulates where population growth was prioritized so that most adult females were allowed to contribute offspring according to their fitness. We find evidence that purging can substantially reduce inbreeding depression in Gazella cuvieri (with effective population size Ne = 14) and Nanger da

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Llaurens, Violaine, Lucy Gonthier, and Sylvain Billiard. "The Sheltered Genetic Load Linked to the S Locus in Plants: New Insights From Theoretical and Empirical Approaches in Sporophytic Self-Incompatibility." Genetics 183, no. 3 (2009): 1105–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.109.102707.

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Inbreeding depression and mating systems evolution are closely linked, because the purging of deleterious mutations and the fitness of individuals may depend on outcrossing vs. selfing rates. Further, the accumulation of deleterious mutations may vary among genomic regions, especially for genes closely linked to loci under balancing selection. Sporophytic self-incompatibility (SSI) is a common genetic mechanism in angiosperm that enables hermaphrodite plants to avoid selfing and promote outcrossing. The SSI phenotype is determined by the S locus and may depend on dominance relationships among

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Mamedova, R. A., E. K. Ginter, I. S. Moshkina, V. A. Galkina, and G. I. Elchinova. "Hereditary autosomal recessive pathology and its connection with inbreeding in Mari El Republic." Kazan medical journal 77, no. 4 (1996): 241–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj104501.

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The complex medical and population genetic stu dy is performed in 5 districts of Mari El Republic (Gornomarisky, Orshansky, Morkinsky, Sovetsky). The units of autosomal recessive pathology are found in 115 families with 137 patients. The high level of dependence of the load of autosomal recessive pathology on inbreeding is shown.

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Glémin, Sylvain, Joëlle Ronfort, and Thomas Bataillon. "Patterns of Inbreeding Depression and Architecture of the Load in Subdivided Populations." Genetics 165, no. 4 (2003): 2193–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/165.4.2193.

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AbstractInbreeding depression is a general phenomenon that is due mainly to recessive deleterious mutations, the so-called mutation load. It has been much studied theoretically. However, until very recently, population structure has not been taken into account, even though it can be an important factor in the evolution of populations. Population subdivision modifies the dynamics of deleterious mutations because the outcome of selection depends on processes both within populations (selection and drift) and between populations (migration). Here, we present a general model that permits us to gain

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Waller, Donald M. "Addressing Darwin's dilemma: Can pseudo‐overdominance explain persistent inbreeding depression and load?" Evolution 75, no. 4 (2021): 779–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/evo.14189.

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Kirkpatrick and Jarne. "The Effects of a Bottleneck on Inbreeding Depression and the Genetic Load." American Naturalist 155, no. 2 (2000): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3078940.

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van Oosterhout, Cock, Wilte G. Zulstra, Marianne K. van Heuven, and Paul M. Brakefield. "INBREEDING DEPRESSION AND GENETIC LOAD IN LABORATORY METAPOPULATIONS OF THE BUTTERFLYBICYCLUS ANYNANA." Evolution 54, no. 1 (2000): 218–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2000.tb00022.x.

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Kirkpatrick, Mark, and Philippe Jarne. "The Effects of a Bottleneck on Inbreeding Depression and the Genetic Load." American Naturalist 155, no. 2 (2000): 154–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/303312.

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