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Kim, J., M. Kelly, and K. Beumer. "Engaging Pathologists in a Peer-to-Peer Learning Collaborative on HER2-Low Breast Cancer." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 158, Supplement_1 (2022): S42—S43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqac126.082.
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Abstract Introduction/Objective Recent advances in research have shown clinical effectiveness when targeting the lower range of HER2 expression (ie, HER2-low) in patients with metastatic breast cancer. American Society for Clinical Pathology worked in collaboration with Q Synthesis to develop a peer-to-peer learning collaborative to proactively prepare pathologists for HER2-low. This CME project was supported by an educational grant from AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP and Daiichi Sankyo Inc. Methods/Case Report 38 pathologists participated in the ASCP HER2 Breast Trailblazers. For foundational knowledge, learners completed online modules covering scientific updates on HER2-low. Through small-group, case- based discussions, learners reviewed operational challenges and opportunities to prepare for HER2-low. They applied this knowledge to lead projects at their own institutions focusing on the anticipated changes around HER2-low. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) The learners identified the following challenges and opportunities: Defining HER2-low: Several learners had heard misconceptions around the definition of HER2-low. Recent studies have defined HER2-low as IHC 1+ or IHC 2+ with ISH-negative. Interobserver concordance with IHC 0 vs 1+: Several learners discussed the challenges around interpreting IHC 0 vs 1+. They felt that some pathologists may need guided feedback to improve their diagnostic skills. Use of IHC vs. ISH: Several learners only performed ISH for HER2 testing on all breast cancer samples. If HER2-low emerges as a third category, they would need to return to IHC. Implications for non-metastatic breast cancer: Recent HER2-low studies have focused on patients with metastatic breast cancer. If HER2-low emerges as a third category, it is unclear whether this designation will also be used in patients who have early-stage breast cancer. Leadership As pathologists prepare for HER2-low, they have opportunities to lead projects to assess and improve IHC interobserver concordance, coach others on IHC interpretation, increase operational efficiency, strength communication skills, and build up the team by proactively anticipating challenges around HER2-low. Conclusion HER2-low breast cancer may be emerging as a new category. Through a peer-to-peer learning collaborative, pathologists identified ways to proactively prepare and demonstrate leadership so that cancer centers and laboratories may be ready to embrace a new paradigm of HER2 classification in breast cancer.
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Borjigen, Chaolemen. "Mass collaborative knowledge management." Program 49, no. 3 (2015): 325–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prog-02-2015-0023.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to reveal the underlying principles of knowledge processing in a new era of mass collaboration and provide an integrated guideline for organizational knowledge management (KM) based on identifying the gaps between the existing KM theories and emerging knowledge initiatives such as Web 2.0, Pro-Am, Crowdsourcing, as well as Open Innovation. Design/methodology/approach – This research mainly employs three types of research methodologies: Literature study was conducted to connect this study with conventional theories in KM and propose the main principles of Mass Collaborative Knowledge Management (MCKM). Object-oriented modeling was used for designing its interaction model. The case study method was employed to discuss the two typical practices carried out by Goldcorp Inc. as well as the Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency. Findings – This paper proposes the novel KM paradigm called MCKM and also provides its main principles and the interaction model. First, it identifies the gaps between emerging practices and existing KM theories. Second, it embraces the long tails into the scope of organizational KM and extends the scope of prevailing KM studies. Third, it falls back on Pro-Ams to save the costs of and to reduce the risk to organizational KM as well. Fourth, it highlights the advantages of opening organizational internal knowledge and transforms the core beliefs in conventional KM. Finally, it classifies organizational knowledge into two types, domain knowledge and non-domain knowledge, and provides some managing policies, respectively. Practical implications – Introducing MCKM into organizational KM will not only enhance the organizational knowledge creation and sharing, but also help an organization build its open knowledge ecosystem. Originality/value – This is a paper to introduce a new direction of KM studies, which guides an organization to build an open knowledge ecosystem by implementing mass collaborations and taking advantages of the complementary advantages of men and machines in knowledge processing.
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Kim, Joseph, Kellie Beumer, and Melissa Kelly. "Abstract P6-04-19: Engaging pathologists in a social peer-to-peer learning collaborative to discuss the emergence of HER2-low breast cancer." Cancer Research 83, no. 5_Supplement (2023): P6–04–19—P6–04–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p6-04-19.
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Abstract Introduction: Recent advances in research have shown clinical effectiveness when targeting the lower range of HER2 expression (ie, HER2-low) in patients with metastatic breast cancer. American Society for Clinical Pathology worked in collaboration with Q Synthesis to develop a peer-to-peer learning collaborative to proactively prepare pathologists for HER2-low and to discuss the clinical implications around this emerging classification. This CME project was supported by an educational grant from AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP and Daiichi Sankyo Inc. Methods: ASCP launched a peer-to-peer (P2P) learning collaborative (HER2 Breast Trailblazers) where small groups of pathologists met to discuss some of the practical implications associated with HER2-low. 38 pathologists from a mix of academic and community settings participated in this CME program. For foundational knowledge, learners completed online modules covering scientific updates on HER2-low. Through small-group, case-based discussions, learners reviewed operational challenges and opportunities to prepare for HER2-low. They applied this knowledge to lead projects at their own institutions focusing on the anticipated changes around HER2-low. ASCP also launched a series of peer-led Twitter Chats that were designed to reach a broad audience and foster open dialogue about the emerging science of HER2-low breast cancer. This approach engaged Twitter users who were eager to share and disseminate the education to their colleagues. Twitter Chats provided peer-to-peer feedback regarding ways to navigate obstacles, barriers, and other challenges affecting HER2 testing in breast cancer. Results: The learners identified the following challenges and opportunities: Defining HER2-low: Several learners had heard misconceptions around the definition of HER2-low. Recent studies have defined HER2-low as IHC 1+ or IHC 2+ with ISH-negative. Interobserver concordance with IHC 0 vs 1+: Several learners discussed the challenges around interpreting IHC 0 vs 1+. They felt that some pathologists may need guided feedback to improve their diagnostic skills. Use of IHC vs. ISH: Several learners only performed ISH for HER2 testing on all breast cancer samples. If HER2-low emerges as a third category, they would need to return to IHC. Implications for non-metastatic breast cancer: Recent HER2-low studies have focused on patients with metastatic breast cancer. If HER2-low emerges as a third category, it is unclear whether this designation will also be used in patients who have early-stage breast cancer. Leadership: As pathologists prepare for HER2-low, they have opportunities to lead projects to assess and improve IHC interobserver concordance, coach others on IHC interpretation, increase operational efficiency, strength communication skills, and build up the team by proactively anticipating challenges around HER2-low. Conclusions: HER2-low breast cancer appears to be emerging as a new classification and pathologists need to be prepared to ensure accurate testing and interpretation. Through a peer-to-peer learning collaborative, pathologists identified ways to proactively prepare and demonstrate leadership so that cancer centers and laboratories may be ready to embrace a new paradigm of HER2 classification in breast cancer. A series of public Twitter Chats broadened this discussion and increased awareness among pathologists. Citation Format: Joseph Kim, Kellie Beumer, Melissa Kelly. Engaging pathologists in a social peer-to-peer learning collaborative to discuss the emergence of HER2-low breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-04-19.
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Hebbar, Prakash K. "Cacao Diseases: A Global Perspective from an Industry Point of View." Phytopathology® 97, no. 12 (2007): 1658–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-97-12-1658.
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Diseases of cacao, Theobroma cacao, account for losses of more than 30% of the potential crop. These losses have caused a steady decline in production and a reduction in bean quality in almost all the cacao-producing areas in the world, especially in small-holder farms in Latin America and West Africa. The most significant diseases are witches' broom, caused by Moniliophthora perniciosa, which occurs mainly in South America; frosty pod rot, caused by M. roreri, which occurs mainly in Central and northern South America; and black pod disease, caused by several species of Phytophthora, which are distributed throughout the tropics. In view of the threat that these diseases pose to the sustainability of the cacao crop, Mars Inc. and their industry partners have funded collaborative research involving cacao research institutes and governmental and nongovernmental agencies. The objective of this global initiative is to develop short- to medium-term, low-cost, environmentally friendly disease-management strategies until disease tolerant varieties are widely available. These include good farming practices, biological control and the rational or minimal use of chemicals that could be used for integrated pest management (IPM). Farmer field schools are used to get these technologies to growers. This paper describes some of the key collaborative partners and projects that are underway in South America and West Africa.
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Sohal, Davendra, Julien Doudement, Ben George, et al. "Accelerating advanced precision medicine through a harmonized data exchange platform and research consortium (PMEC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 15_suppl (2019): 6557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.15_suppl.6557.
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6557 Background: Clinico-genomic data sharing is consistently identified by the global oncology community as a critical requirement to accelerate the discovery and development of new targeted therapies. However, lack of effective collaborative models, fragmented and lengthy legal contracting processes, paucity of funding, and inadequate technological platforms have historically been obstacles for effective data sharing. Methods: In 2015, 10 US academic medical centers (AMC) and Foundation Medicine Inc. (FMI) formed PMEC. Feasibility assessments included creation of a master agreement across sites and willingness to use a central IRB. Oversight and research steering committees were created within the consortium. Through a centralized, secure web-based platform, FoundationInsight, we combined and shared de-identified, harmonized comprehensive FoundationOne genomic profiling data. Research proposals mining this data warehouse are invited quarterly from participant AMCs and peer-reviewed; approved studies are executed at all sites. Results: All 10 AMCs collaborated to execute a master registry participation agreement, followed by a master IRB protocol (New England IRB # 120180008), subsequently approved by individual site IRBs. Since its launch, the PMEC database has grown, on average, 60% per year, to now house over 14,000 cases. The shared dataset covers all tumor types (most commonly lung [17.2%], gastrointestinal [13.8%] and breast [9.2%]), encompasses genomic alterations in >300 genes, and reports relevant supplementary data such as tumor mutation burden and microsatellite instability status. To date, 15 studies have been proposed and evaluated using this platform, with 2 projects currently approved and in progress. Conclusions: We demonstrated the feasibility of creating a collaborative academic consortium that facilitates data sharing and potential discovery efforts in oncology. Technology solutions can accelerate the ability of AMCs, in partnership with central labs, to share and harmonize data to advance precision medicine. This approach lays the groundwork for conducting prospective, biomarker-enriched clinical trials among participating AMCs.
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Truesdale, T. J., B. Hierlihy, and P. Jouan. "A CASE STUDY IN DOCUMENTATION PRODUCTION AS LEARNING TOOLS BENEFITTING MULTIPLE STAKEHOLDERS." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-2/W2 (August 17, 2017): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-w2-279-2017.
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The Fondation Strutt Foundation has taken on the conservation planning of the Strutt House as part of a P3 collaborative effort with the National Capital Commission (NCC). This paper will address three of the primary documents/data sets (documentary methodologies) being used on/for the Strutt House project. The Strutt House is a Recognized Federal Heritage Building and a significant example of Canadian modernist architecture. Stakeholder is a term often used in Architectural Projects reflecting an economic interest in success of the project. In conservation projects the stakeholder generally reflects social, cultural and/or economic interests in a given project. The Strutt House project has benefitted from stakeholders that have all been interested in the above, as well as the education of our future conservationists. The Strutt house was purchased from the architect’s daughter in 2010, and as part of the acquisition, a <i>Heritage Structure Report</i> was commissioned and produced by PTAH Consultants Inc., Architects. The report forms the first of the primary referenced documents of this paper, including: a comprehensive photographic record of existing conditions; and, a <i>building simulation model</i> of the house ‘as designed/built’. This HSR and the accompanying data/documents have been adopted as the basis of an evolving document in the development of the <i>Conservation Plan</i> including: additional heritage surveys and technologies; traditional drawings, photographic and video records; and, a series of workshops on the structural stabilization efforts, thermography scans, and smoke/blow-door (air pressure) testing. In 2016, Pierre Jouan, a Master’s thesis student from KU Leuvan, working with the Carleton University CIMS lab under the direction of Professor Mario Santana, and the FSF completed a <i>3-D scanning and photogrammetry</i> workshop on the Strutt House and created a building information model (BIM model) from the collected data. The three primary documentation processes being addressed in this paper are really a series of directed research or focussed investigations resulting in a collection of data sets resolved -or combined- into a document. They will assist in the development of the long-term Programming and Conservation Management Plan of the Strutt House.
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Caruso, Rebecca, Theodore Myatt, and Barbara E. Bierer. "Innovation in biosafety oversight: The Harvard Catalyst Common Reciprocal IBC Reliance Authorization Agreement." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 4, no. 2 (2020): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2019.405.
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AbstractIncreasingly, basic, translational, and clinical research has become more collaborative, resulting in multi-institutional studies that involve common approaches to a central question. For multi-institutional projects that involve recombinant or synthetic nucleic acids, Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC) review is generally required at each separate site. Duplicative review may result in both administrative costs and delays, without evidence of increased safety or protections, and investigator frustration. To address these inefficiencies, IBC leaders drafted a collaborative IBC Reliance Authorization Agreement. The Agreement allows one or more institutions to cede IBC review to a reviewing IBC that accepts the responsibility. The ability to cede IBC review, and the ability to rely on one decision on behalf of all collaborating institutions for a given protocol, removes delays in approval of multi-center protocols, and collaborating principal investigators are able to focus on research rather than administrative tasks. In the process, we found promotion of this collaborative model led to stronger connections among institutions and among IBC members. The requirement for IBC member representation from the local community, however, limits its broader dissemination; we make several recommendations to mitigate this challenge.
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Gedye, David, Greg McLaughlin, Amy Pearl, and John Tang. "Conferencing and collaboration project Sun Microsystems Laboratories, inc." ACM SIGOIS Bulletin 13, no. 1 (1992): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/130643.130664.
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Zaver, F., G. Paetow, M. Gottlieb, T. M. Chan, M. Lin, and M. Gisondi. "P165: A Non-hierarchical mentorship model for professional development." CJEM 20, S1 (2018): S116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2018.363.
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Introduction: Mentorship is an essential component of professional development and benefits include increased career satisfaction, scholarship, and efficiency of academic promotion. The Mastermind group, a collaborative, network-based model for mentorship has gained popularity in the business world. It comprises of a group of colleagues that provide mentorship and career advice for each other through regularly scheduled meetings. The group benefits from the combined intelligence and accumulated experience of the participants, who may be at different career stages. Methods: Academic Life in Emergency Medicine (ALiEM; www.aliem.com), a digital health professions education organization, conducted two Mastermind groups for 14 team members in 2017. The groups included all levels of academic rank from full professor to instructors, and represented 14 different medical schools in North America. Each Mastermind group completed a self-assessment summarizing their professional strengths and weaknesses, two homework assignments, and two 90-minute videoconference meetings, using a structured, moderator-facilitated format. Meetings were conducted on Google Hangouts on Air© (Google Inc.). In the initial group meeting, participants discussed their self-assessments, current projects, and career challenges. The second meeting allowed discussion of suggested professional development resources for each participant, actionable next steps, and an accountability timeline for each participant. The free, cloud-based platforms and voluntary basis for the Mastermind groups resulted in a zero-cost innovation. Results: In a post-intervention survey, the 14 participants rated the experience as 9.4/10 (response rate 100%) using a Likert scale. In a quasi-experimental analysis participants cited the need for career advice or assistance with a project as their reason for participating. Participants received specific resource recommendations during the sessions, including books, training courses, or conferences. Contacts outside the group for additional mentorship were made possible given the breadth of networks among the participants. All participants had at least one identifiable next step with accountability to the group. Overall, the participants described a synergy of energy, commitment to one anothers longitudinal success, and benefit from the diverse range of talent and expertise in the group. Many of the members discussed plans to replicate this mentorship model at their own institutions. Conclusion: Our experiences suggest that the Mastermind conceptual framework is an easily replicated, feasible, zero-cost, and effective model for professional development. Though the model was originally proposed as a method for in-person discussions, we report a more modern, online experience for professional development in our diverse, globally-distributed team.
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Welsh, Barry, and Isabel Hawkins. "Project LINK: A Live and Interactive Network of Knowledge." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 162 (1998): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s025292110011485x.
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Project LINK (A Live and Interactive Network of Knowledge), is a collaboration of Eureka Scientific, Inc., the San Francisco exploratorium Science Museum, and NASA/Ames Research Center. Project LINK has demonstrated video-conferencing capabilities from the Kuiper Airborne Observatory (KAO) to the San Francisco Exploratorium in the context of science education outreach to K-12 teachers and students. The project was intended to pilot-test strategies for facilitating the live interface between scientists and K-12 teachers aboard the KAO with their peers and students through the resources and technical expertise available at science museums and private industry. The interface was based on Internet/macintosh video conferencing capabilities which allowed teachers and students at the Exploratorium to collaborate in a live and interactive manner with teachers and scientists aboard the KAO. The teachers teams chosen for the on-board experiments represented rural and urban school districts in California. The teachers interfaced with colleagues as part of the NASA-Funded Project FOSTER (Flight Opportunities for Science Teacher Enrichment).
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Lai, Huahui, Cheng Zhou, and Xueyuan Deng. "EXCHANGE REQUIREMENT-BASED DELIVERY METHOD OF STRUCTURAL DESIGN INFORMATION FOR COLLABORATIVE DESIGN USING INDUSTRY FOUNDATION CLASSES." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 25, no. 6 (2019): 559–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2019.9870.
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In Architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) collaboration, exchange requirements (ERs) vary in different projects with different platforms. In order to ensure the completeness and accuracy of data sharing and exchange for structural engineering in collaborative design, an ER-based delivery method was proposed to improve the delivery of structural design information. First, a process map of structural design was developed based on Information Delivery Manual (IDM). Within this process map, an ER Matrix of structural design was proposed to define information required by other disciplines at different stages. This matrix was composed of a set of required structural objects and their attributes, which were mapped to related Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) data. The mapping between the ER Matrix and IFC-based structural model data was implemented by an exchange model generation algorithm. Furthermore, a delivery tool was developed to define the ER Matrix in two ways, including user interface and XML-based language. A practical project was used to illustrate the utility of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method using IFC is beneficial for structural information delivery.
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Pratt, Kathleen P. "Higher Incidence of Neutralizing Anti-FVIII Antibodies (Inhibitors) in Black and Hispanic American Hemophilia A Patients Enrolled in the My Life, Our Future Programme." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (2019): 901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-127412.
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My Life, Our Future (MLOF) Research Repository projects are made possible by the enthusiastic participation of the hemophilia community, which to date has collectively donated &gt;9,000 blood samples, and provided associated relevant clinical data, to a central repository maintained by the American Thrombosis and Hemostasis Network (ATHN). Genotyping to determine the hemophilia-causing mutations was carried out by Bloodworks NW and the University of Washington. Donors also agreed to have their coded whole genome sequence (WGS) data made available to researchers approved by an ATHN-sponsored peer review of applications from scientists to access these data for specific projects. This remarkable collaborative effort between the patient and research communities will now allow us to address outstanding clinically relevant questions through adequately powered statistical analyses. Earlier studies of up to ~400 subjects have indicated that Black American and Hispanic American hemophilia A (HA) patients are likelier than White patients (and possibly other racial/ethnic/geographic cohorts) to develop neutralizing anti-factor VIII (FVIII) antibodies, or "inhibitors". Demographic, clinical and genotyping data for 4677 HA subjects (ATHN dataset version date 3/31/19) were analyzed to compare reported inhibitor incidences in the following cohorts: (1) Black vs. White and (2) White Hispanic vs. White non-Hispanic. The Black cohort included 4% Black Hispanic. Race and ethnicity were self-reported and inhibitor histories, titers, outcomes of immune tolerance induction, etc. were also extracted from the questionnaires. To reduce potential confounding due to different hemophilia severity and different HA-causing mutations, subgroup analyses were carried out for (mild + moderate HA) vs severe HA cohorts and for cohorts consisting of specific mutation types. Specific racial/ethnic groups, and mutation types within these groups, were also compared. Finally, the inhibitor incidences of all races/ethnicities with severe HA due to a large deletion mutation vs. severe HA due to an inversion mutation were compared. This report is a first-pass analysis, using Fisher's Exact and Chi-square tests, to analyze trends in the data. Among severe HA subjects, Blacks were likelier to develop an inhibitor than Whites (OR=1.7, CI=1.2-2.2, p&lt;0.0001). White Hispanic subjects were also at higher risk than White non-Hispanics (OR=1.6, CI=1.3-2.1, p&lt;0.0002). Race-associated inhibitor risks for subgroups with severe HA due to an inversion mutation were similar. Interestingly, there were no significant differences between inhibitor incidences in White Hispanic (large F8 deletion) vs. White Hispanic (F8 inversion), White-non-Hispanic (large F8 deletion) vs. White-non-Hispanic (F8 inversion), or Black (large F8 deletion) vs. Black (F8 inversion). Previous retrospective analyses have indicated large deletions are associated with increased inhibitor risk, and some have hypothesized a protective effect (immunologically) of intron-22 inversion mutations. This question was further examined by analyzing the entire cohort (all races + ethnicities). As in the smaller cohorts, there was no significant difference in inhibitor incidences for 143 subjects with a large F8 deletion mutation compared to 972 subjects with an inversion mutation. Overall, this study confirms an increased inhibitor risk for American Black and Hispanic HA patients compared to White patients. The results also argue against inversion mutations conferring lower inhibitor risk compared to other cross-reactive material-negative (i.e. precluding intact FVIII protein expression) mutations. The My Life, Our Future Research Repository is a collection of samples and data developed through a collaboration of the American Thrombosis Hemostasis Network (ATHN), Bloodworks NW and the National Hemophilia Foundation, with support from Bioverativ and under leadership of the PI, Barbara Konkle, MD. Phenotypic data were provided through the ATHNdataset, under stewardship of the ATHN. The partners acknowledge the dedicated efforts of the HTCs and their patients for contributing to this Research Repository. The content of this abstract is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not represent official views of the U.S. Department of Defense or of the My Life, Our Future program or its partners. Disclosures Pratt: Grifols, Inc: Research Funding; Bloodworks NW: Patents & Royalties: inventor on patents related to FVIII immunogenicity.
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Colfer, Lyra J., and Carliss Y. Baldwin. "The mirroring hypothesis: theory, evidence, and exceptions." Industrial and Corporate Change 25, no. 5 (2016): 709–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtw027.
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Abstract The mirroring hypothesis predicts that organizational ties within a project, firm, or group of firms (e.g., communication, collocation, employment) will correspond to the technical dependencies in the work being performed. This article presents a unified picture of mirroring in terms of theory, evidence, and exceptions. First, we formally define mirroring and argue that it is an approach to technical problem-solving that conserves scarce cognitive resources. We then review 142 empirical studies, divided by organizational form into (i) industry studies, (ii) firm studies, and (iii) studies of open collaborative projects. The industry and firm studies indicate that mirroring is a prevalent pattern but not universal. However, in technologically dynamic industries, partial mirroring, where knowledge boundaries are drawn more broadly than operational boundaries, is likely to be a superior strategy. Firms can also strategically ‘break the mirror’ by implementing modular partitions within their boundaries, or by building relational contracts across their boundaries. Finally, studies of open collaborative projects, most of which focused on software, were not supportive of the hypothesis. We argue that digital technologies make possible new modes of coordination that enable groups to deviate from classical mirroring as seen in firms.
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Espinosa-Reza, Alfredo, and Marxa Lenina Torres-Espindola. "Optimal Extraction and Conditioning of Historical Information to Support the Operational Decisions in a Smart Grid Context." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS 22 (October 2, 2023): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23205.2023.22.17.
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This article presents a proposal for the architectural components that enable the organized and collaborative request, transport, and effective utilization of large volumes of historical information without compromising the performance of the information systems and the supporting technological platform. The architecture and some variants, successfully implemented in semantic interoperability projects within the Smart Grid context, are discussed, with a focus on the use and adoption of the Common Information Model (CIM) as defined in the IEC 61968 and IEC 61970 standards.
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Lai, Huahui, and Xueyuan Deng. "INTEROPERABILITY ANALYSIS OF IFC-BASED DATA EXCHANGE BETWEEN HETEROGENEOUS BIM SOFTWARE." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 24, no. 7 (2018): 537–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2018.6132.
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Traditionally, the one-to-one interaction between heterogeneous software has become the most commonly used method for multi-disciplinary collaboration in building projects, resulting in numerous data interfaces, different data formats, and inefficient collaboration. As the prevalence of Building Information Modeling (BIM) increases in building projects, it is expected that the exchange of Industry Foundation Classes (IFC)-based data can smoothly take place between heterogeneous BIM software. However, interoperability issues frequently occur during bidirectional data exchanges using IFC. Hence, a data interoperability experiment, including architectural, structural and MEP models from a practical project, was conducted to analyze these issues in the process of data import and re-export between heterogeneous software. According to the results, the fundamental causes of interoperability issues can be concluded as follows: (a) software tools cannot well interpret several objects belonging to other disciplines due to the difference in domain knowledge; (b) software tools have diverse methods to represent the same geometry, properties and relations, leading to inconsistent model data. Furthermore, this paper presents a suggested method for improving the existing bidirectional data sharing and exchange: BIM software tools export models using IFC format, and these IFC models are imported into a common IFC-based BIM platform for data interoperability.
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Komalasari, Adesti. "Developing 21st Century Education and Digital Literacy Skills through Intercultural City Stories Project." PIONEER: Journal of Language and Literature 13, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.36841/pioneer.v13i1.737.
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As a higher education institution that highlights the 21st education, Sampoerna University has encouraged the lecturers to do projects that give students opportunities to develop skills needed in Industry 4.0 so they can participate in global competition. Besides having the skills, the students must also have Intercultural Communicative Competence (ICC) to be able to participate in the competition and by knowing the importance of the skills and the competence, students of Sampoerna University participated in a collaborative project with students from Malmo University in Sweden. The project encouraged learners to develop their critical, creative and digital skills by collaboratively studying the city as text. The focus was on critical multiliteracy and the promotion of intercultural communicative competence through first-hand experiences of virtual exchange in cross-cultural groups. The objectives of this research are to find out how Intercultural City Stories project applies the elements of Intercultural Communicative Competence, to analyze how Intercultural Communicative Competence gives impacts for Cross Cultural Understanding, to observe how the digital outcome of multimodal narratives improves the understanding of Intercultural Communicative Competence and digital literacy and to identify the reasons why Intercultural Communicative Competence plays important roles in 21st century education and in literacy.
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Yamamoto, Akira, and Kaoru Yokoya. "Linear Colliders." Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology 07 (January 2014): 115–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793626814300060.
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An overview of linear collider programs is given. The history and technical challenges are described and the pioneering electron–positron linear collider, the SLC, is first introduced. For future energy frontier linear collider projects, the International Linear Collider (ILC) and the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) are introduced and their technical features are discussed. The ILC is based on superconducting RF technology and the CLIC is based on two-beam acceleration technology. The ILC collaboration completed the Technical Design Report in 2013, and has come to the stage of "Design to Reality." The CLIC collaboration published the Conceptual Design Report in 2012, and the key technology demonstration is in progress. The prospects for further advanced acceleration technology are briefly discussed for possible long-term future linear colliders.
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Nkimbeng, Manka, Wynfred Russell, and Joseph Gaugler. "The African Immigrant Dementia Education Project: A Community-University Partnership." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (2021): 483–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.1869.
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Abstract The African Immigrant Dementia Education project is a community-university partnership with the goal of developing a culturally tailored dementia education program with African immigrants in Minnesota. In collaboration with our community partner (African Career, Education & Resource, Inc.), a project advisory board that features professionals and family members from the African immigrant community was assembled and its first meeting was held in February 2021. Preliminary discussions about content, mode of delivery and cultural considerations of an eventual dementia education intervention have begun. This presentation will offer details on the process of working with an advisory board and community partner to identify and culturally tailor an evidenced-based dementia education curriculum for a unique cultural group. Also, we will present challenges encountered during this process and offer suggestions and strategies to promote successful researcher-community partnerships.
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Chen, Junhua, Rui Huang, Yushuang Jiang, et al. "ScrumOntoSPL: Collaborative Method of Agile Product Line Engineering for Software Resource Reuse." Electronics 12, no. 11 (2023): 2421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12112421.
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Agile Product Line Engineering (APLE), a relatively new approach combining the two successful methods of Agile Software Development (ASD) and Software Product Lines (SPLs), makes product lines more responsive to ever-changing customer needs or market changes. However, SPLs often fail to keep up with market demand due to high coordination costs, slow development processes, and long release cycles in the case of frequent changes in business requirements; in agile software projects, the lack of a unified specification for describing requirements leads to high coordination costs and inconvenient requirement management. Some studies in the literature have proposed optimized approaches to integrate ASD and SPLs, but they still have not covered all aspects of APLE’s characteristics, and software resource reuse is rarely considered in these approaches during product line development. In view of this, we propose a collaborative framework of agile product line engineering for software resource reuse, namely ScrumOntoSPL. The ScrumOntoSPL approach efficiently merges ASD and SPL based on the agile method Scrum, SPL architecture, and ontology technology. In ScrumOntoSPL, uniform requirement specification is constructed by utilizing ontology, and the Matching Requirement with Component (MRC) process is designed to match product new requirements and software resources stored in a resource pool. In addition, we evaluated the proposed framework and approach with CMMI. In the end, a case study of a software development tool called IMC-Tool based on ScrumOntoSPL for a universal Instrument Microcontroller Chip (IMC) is discussed. The IMC-Tool case illustrates that the ScrumOntoSPL has the advantages of dynamically managing demand changes, enhancing software resource reuse, reducing coordination costs, and reducing time to market.
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Chisti, Ali, Nour Sharara, Manaswi Gupta, et al. "A Global Cancer Project Map Integrating Global Cancer Statistics to Guide International Efforts." Journal of Global Oncology 2, no. 3_suppl (2016): 9s—10s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.2016.004523.
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Abstract 39 Background: In response to the growing burden of cancer, Global Oncology, Inc., and the National Cancer Institute Center for Global Health launched a free, online, interactive map, the Global Cancer Project Map (GCPM) [ http://gcpm.globalonc.org ], to allow policy makers, researchers, and civil society around the world to search this central repository of international cancer control and research projects. The GCPM serves to catalyze collaboration in cancer research and clinical care, as well as inform research and care gaps. Methods: In addition to search options by project attributes, the GCPM provides map overlays of epidemiological measures using IARC’s GLOBOCAN cancer-specific estimates of incidence, prevalence, and mortality, cancer disability--adjusted life years, and UN Human Development Index country values. Currently, the map displays projects with international collaborators collated from the NCI, NCI-Designated Cancer Centers, UICC and ASCO. Results: The GCPM search options offer countless angles of looking at projects worldwide. Of the 1,479 currently-mapped projects, 44.8% have investigators or collaborators in less-developed countries (LDCs) (as defined by the UN). Of the 1218 with a project type classification, 104 relate to capacity building and/or training, with 69 of these projects (66.3%) occurring in LDCs. Utilizing the cancer type search options, the GCPM currently displays 54 cervical cancer projects with LDC collaborators, where the cervical cancer mortality age--standardized risk is more than 2.5 times higher for LDCs than more-developed countries. Conclusions: The GCPM is a real-time needs assessment tool to allow the cancer community to visualize international efforts in cancer control and link need to action. To better address the growing burden of cancer, the partnership is actively seeking collaboration and additional project submissions. Utilized with cancer statistic overlays, the GCPM can help develop regional priorities in cancer research and control. Funding: This project has been funded in whole or in part with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, under Contract No. HHSN261200800001E. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. AUTHORS’ DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: Ali Chisti No relationship to disclose Nour Sharara No relationship to disclose Manaswi Gupta No relationship to disclose Jane Craycroft No relationship to disclose Ilyana Rosenberg Employment: Connance, Inc., Hayes Management Consulting Camille Morgan No relationship to disclose Kalina Duncan No relationship to disclose Rachel Abudu No relationship to disclose Billy Andre No relationship to disclose Shannon Silkenson No relationship to disclose Jennifer Silva No relationship to disclose Ami Bhatt No relationship to disclose Ted Trimble No relationship to disclose Franklin Huang Stock or Other Ownership: GlaxoSmithKline, Abbvie
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Sun, Chang Li, Chang Liu, and Dan Shi. "Construction and Application of Integration under IFC Standard Based on BIM Database." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 1894–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.1894.
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Recently the BIM concept that all professionals carry out collaborative work among domains and departments in the industry has attracted more and more attention by research scholars and engineers around the world. The core of the BIM technology is the information sharing and exchanging among the life cycle. In view of this key problem, this article introduces the situation of the BIM research and development in domestic and overseas, and indicates that there are several common problems existing in the BIM development, such as, the information of multiple projects cannot be stored in a centralized database; the information is lost or incorrect when importing and exporting IFC model files with popular BIM software; the application software based on BIM technology is quite few, etc. The paper points out that the realization of BIM technology shall be based on the BIM database which is based on IFC standard. After that, this paper discusses how to build the BIM database based on IFC standard, the application interface of BIM database, the function of budgetary estimates and the transplantation of structural model conversion to BIM database. Then, a few examples are given to demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of the BIM database and corresponding applications developed in this research. As a result, it is concluded that the IFC based on BIM database is the foundation of developing building collaborative platform and digital city.
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Hajji, R., A. Kharroubi, Y. Ben Brahim, Z. Bahhane, and A. El Ghazouani. "INTEGRATION OF BIM AND MOBILE AUGMENTED REALITY IN THE AECO DOMAIN." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-4/W3-2021 (January 10, 2022): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-4-w3-2021-131-2022.
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Abstract. BIM (Building Information Modeling) is increasingly present in a wide range of applications (architecture, engineering, construction, land use planning, utility management, etc.). BIM allows better management of projects through precise planning, communication and collaboration between several stakeholders as well as facilitating the monitoring of project operations. The emergence of Augmented Reality (AR) technology allows the superposition of (2D, 3D) information directly on the physical world, so generating immersive, interactive and enriching experiences for the user. To take advantages of BIM and AR potential in the interaction and the intuitive management in AECO (Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Operation) projects, we propose a BIM-based AR workflow through an application called "EasyBIM". This latter allows access and interaction with a BIM model through functionalities for measurement, data consultation, collaboration, visualization and integration of information from sensors. The application is developed for mobile platforms (tablet, smartphone), and has as input an IFC file (Industry Foundation Classes). Promising test results show that the developed solution can be easily integrated into a BIM context for several use cases: marketing, collaboration, site monitoring, facility management, etc.
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David, P. A., and F. Rullani. "Dynamics of innovation in an "open source" collaboration environment: lurking, laboring, and launching FLOSS projects on SourceForge." Industrial and Corporate Change 17, no. 4 (2008): 647–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtn026.
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Zeng, Xiaoming, Elizabeth J. Forrestal, Leigh W. Cellucci, Michael H. Kennedy, and Doug Smith. "Using Electronic Health Records and Data Warehouse Collaboratively in Community Health Centers." Journal of Cases on Information Technology 15, no. 4 (2013): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcit.2013100104.
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The organization Community Partners HealthNet (CPH), Inc. is a so-called Health-Center-Controlled Networks (HCCNs) that provide health information technologies, in particular Electronic Health Records and Data Warehouse, to participating community health centers (CHC) and rural health clinics (RHC). All 16 member organizations (CHCs and RHCs) in CPH are non-profit health care organizations providing primary health care to individuals in medically underserved areas. To provide quality and accessible health care to those medically needed, CPH and member organization rely heavily on funding from federal and state governments as well as charitable foundations. The investment in system-wide Health Information Technologies has been financially limited given the nature of the organizations. CPH and member organizations, through visionary leadership and cost-effective execution, have been able to adopt and implement advanced information technologies like EHR and data warehouse since early 1990s. There has been software updates and EHR upgrades, but the original design of the system still serve the information needs of the organization. This case study describes CPH in the health care environment, discusses the collaboration of six original individual CHCs to create CPH, the EHR and Data Warehouse projects at CPH, and then explains CPH’s on-going operations and new challenges in the context of meaningful use and big data movement.
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Lakemond, Nicolette, Lars Bengtsson, Keld Laursen, and Fredrik Tell. "Match and manage: the use of knowledge matching and project management to integrate knowledge in collaborative inbound open innovation." Industrial and Corporate Change 25, no. 2 (2016): 333–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtw004.
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Gordon, Sean N., Philip J. Murphy, John A. Gallo, et al. "People, Projects, Organizations, and Products: Designing a Knowledge Graph to Support Multi-Stakeholder Environmental Planning and Design." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 12 (2021): 823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10120823.
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As the need for more broad-scale solutions to environmental problems is increasingly recognized, traditional hierarchical, government-led models of coordination are being supplemented by or transformed into more collaborative inter-organizational networks (i.e., collaboratives, coalitions, partnerships). As diffuse networks, such regional environmental planning and design (REPD) efforts often face challenges in sharing and using spatial and other types of information. Recent advances in semantic knowledge management technologies, such as knowledge graphs, have the potential to address these challenges. In this paper, we first describe the information needs of three multi-stakeholder REPD initiatives in the western USA using a list of 80 need-to-know questions and concerns. The top needs expressed were for help in tracking the participants, institutions, and information products relevant to the REDP’s focus. To address these needs, we developed a prototype knowledge graph based on RDF and GeoSPARQL standards. This semantic approach provided a more flexible data structure than traditional relational databases and also functionality to query information across different providers; however, the lack of semantic data expertise, the complexity of existing software solutions, and limited online hosting options are significant barriers to adoption. These same barriers are more acute for geospatial data, which also faces the added challenge of maintaining and synchronizing both semantic and traditional geospatial datastores.
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Mayernik, Matthew S. "Credibility via Coupling." Engaging Science, Technology, and Society 7, no. 2 (2021): 10–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17351/ests2021.769.
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This study investigates Model Intercomparison Projects (MIPs) as one example of a coordinated approach to establishing scientific credibility. MIPs originated within climate science as a method to evaluate and compare disparate climate models, but MIPs or MIP-like projects are now spreading to many scientific fields. Within climate science, MIPs have advanced knowledge of: a) the climate phenomena being modeled, and b) the building of climate models themselves. MIPs thus build scientific confidence in the climate modeling enterprise writ large, reducing questions of the credibility or reproducibility of any single model. This paper will discuss how MIPs organize people, models, and data through institution and infrastructure coupling (IIC). IIC involves establishing mechanisms and technologies for collecting, distributing, and comparing data and models (infrastructural work), alongside corresponding governance structures, rules of participation, and collaboration mechanisms that enable partners around the world to work together effectively (institutional work). Coupling these efforts involves developing formal and informal ways to standardize data and metadata, create common vocabularies, provide uniform tools and methods for evaluating resulting data, and build community around shared research topics.
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Buchstaller, Isabelle, John R. Rickford, Elizabeth Closs Traugott, Thomas Wasow, and Arnold Zwicky. "The sociolinguistics of a short-lived innovation: Tracing the development of quotative all across spoken and internet newsgroup data." Language Variation and Change 22, no. 2 (2010): 191–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954394510000098.
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AbstractThis paper examines a short-lived innovation, quotative all, in real and apparent time. We used a two-pronged method to trace the trajectory of all over the past two decades: (i) Quantitative analyses of the quotative system of young Californians from different decades; this reveals a startling crossover pattern: in 1990/1994, all predominates, but by 2005, it has given way to like. (ii) Searches of Internet newsgroups; these confirm that after rising briskly in the 1990s, all is declining. Tracing the changing usage of quotative options provides year-to-year evidence that all has recently given way to like. Our paper has two aims: We provide insights from ongoing language change regarding short-term innovations in the history of English. We also discuss our collaboration with Google Inc. and argue for the value of newsgroups to research projects investigating linguistic variation and change in real time, especially where recorded conversational tokens are relatively sparse.
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Ait-Lamallam, Sara, Reda Yaagoubi, Imane Sebari, and Omar Doukari. "Extending the IFC Standard to Enable Road Operation and Maintenance Management through OpenBIM." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 8 (2021): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10080496.
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Open Building Information Modelling (OpenBIM) is a collaborative project management process. Its application to road infrastructures is currently limited. OpenBIM standards for infrastructure are still under development. One of these standards is the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), which is a data architecture for modelling infrastructure projects. The current and upcoming releases of IFCRoad focus on structuring data for the design and construction phases of an infrastructure’s lifecycle. Semantics of the O&M process phase are not fully integrated within these standards. This paper proposes an extension of the IFC schema to enrich this standard with semantics inherent in the O&M phase of road infrastructures. This extension, based on IFCInfra4OM ontology, allows the OpenBIM process to be fully applied to road infrastructures. Its implementation on a case study relative to the A7 Agadir–Marrakech Highway in Morocco enables, on the one hand, analysis and compliance with O&M management requirements on the basis of a single container: the IFC-BIM-based model. On the other hand, it allows comparison of the OpenBIM process with that of ClosedBIM for the integration of O&M data into BIM for a road infrastructure.
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Okonta, Ebere Donatus, Vladimir Vukovic, and Ezri Hayat. "Prospective Directions in the Computer Systems Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) for Shaping Data Exchange in the Sustainability and Resilience of Cities." Electronics 13, no. 12 (2024): 2297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13122297.
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Sustainability and resilience in addressing construction’s environmental, social, and economic challenges rely on interoperability. A model-centred approach using standardised information structures like industry foundation classes (IFC) is essential for data sharing in architecture, engineering, construction, and facility management. Achieving complete interoperability across domains requires further research. This review paper focuses on IFC schema, highlighting upcoming developments like IFC 5 and “IFC x”, with a core emphasis on modularisation to enhance domain interoperability, improved links between building information modelling (BIM) and geographic information systems (GIS), along with IoT integration into BIM, cloud-based collaboration, and support for other advanced technologies such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), artificial intelligence (AI), and digital twins. Through a critical examination of the IFC and an outlook towards its future enhancements, the research has the potential to offer valuable insights into shaping the trajectory of future advancements within the AEC and facility management sectors. The study’s discoveries could aid in establishing standardised data exchange protocols in these industries, promoting uniformity across projects, facilitating smoother communication, and mitigating errors and inefficiencies. Anticipating enhancements in the IFC could catalyse innovation, fostering the adoption of emerging technologies and methodologies. Consequently, this could drive the creation of more sophisticated tools and procedures, ultimately enhancing project outcomes and operational effectiveness.
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I Made Surya Kumara, I Kadek Agus Wahyu Raharja, and Harry Chan. "INTEGRATING BIM WITH 3D WEB DESIGN FOR ENHANCED 3D BUILDING VISUALIZATION AND SAFETY PLANNING IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS." Journal of Infrastructure Planning and Engineering (JIPE) 3, no. 1 (2024): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jipe.3.1.2024.18-23.
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The construction industry is renowned for its hazardous nature, with a significant number of accidents occurring annually. These accidents result in serious consequences, including costs for disability benefits, decreased worker productivity, and idle equipment, hindering development. To address these challenges, safety must be a priority during the construction planning stage. Occupational Health and Safety (OSH) programs play a crucial role in ensuring worker safety and health. Building Information Modeling (BIM) has emerged as a technology that can significantly improve safety in construction projects. BIM provides detailed information and visualizations that help identify potential hazards and develop effective mitigation strategies. However, its implementation in Indonesia is still limited to level 1 BIM, primarily involving 2D and 3D CAD drafting. To enhance 3D building visualization and safety planning, this paper proposes integrating BIM with three.js and ReactJS. Three.js is a JavaScript library that enables the creation of 3D visualizations in web browsers, while ReactJS is used to build user interfaces in web applications. By combining these technologies, interactive web applications can be developed to display 3D buildings in real-time. This allows users to easily view building designs, identify potential hazards, and make informed decisions regarding safety measures. Furthermore, the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) file format is utilized for data exchange in the BIM environment. IFC contains building geometry information, material properties, and other relevant data, enabling collaboration among project teams using different software. This integration enhances collaboration and facilitates more informed decision-making in construction projects. The results demonstrate efficient 3D rendering of BIM models with an average response time of 0.8 seconds, as well as real-time visualization of worker positions within buildings based on sensor data.
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Byrd, Kathy, John Hou, Patrick Clay, et al. "1769. Viral Suppression Among Participants of the Patient-Centered HIV Care Model Project—A Collaboration Between Community-Based Pharmacists and HIV Clinical Providers." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 5, suppl_1 (2018): S65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofy209.154.
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Abstract Background The patient-centered HIV care model was developed to integrate community pharmacists with HIV clinical providers to deliver patient-centered HIV care. The project required 10 clinics to share, with their partnered community-based pharmacists, patients’ medical histories, laboratory results, and medications. Pharmacists reviewed the clinic data and worked directly with participants and/or their partnered clinics to make recommendations and discuss potential intervention strategies for identified therapy-related problems. Methods We calculated the proportion of persons virally suppressed (&lt;200 copies/mL at the last test in each of two 12-month measurement periods), pre- and post-model implementation. Included in the analysis were persons with ≥1 HIV viral load in each measurement period. McNemar’s test was used to compare the proportion virally suppressed, pre- and postimplementation. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with viral suppression, postimplementation. Participant demographics and the proportion of days covered (PDC; a measure used to calculate adherence to medication therapy) were used as explanatory variables in the model. The PDC was modified to account for the time to the last viral load in the measurement period, and was stratified into 4 categories: ≥90%, &lt;90–80%, &lt;80–50%, and &lt;50%. Results With 765 persons enrolled, the plurality of those included in the analysis (n = 648) were non-Hispanic black (n = 286), male (n = 470), and had a median age of 49 years (IQR=38–56). Viral suppression improved 16.3% from 73.9% to 85.9%, pre- to postimplementation (P &lt; 0.001). Persons who had higher modified PDC (OR 1.9 per category level; 95% CI 1.4–2.6), were currently employed (OR 4.1; 1.6–12.8), or age &gt;50 years (OR 4.7; 2.1–11.8), had greater odds of being suppressed. Non-Hispanic black persons were less likely to be suppressed (OR 0.2; 0.1–0.6); however, viral suppression among this group improved from 62.5% to 77.6%, pre- to postimplementation (P &lt; 0.001). Conclusion Collaborations between community pharmacists and HIV clinic providers that seek to identify and address HIV therapy-related problems can lead to improved viral suppression among persons living with HIV. Disclosures P. Clay, Jaguar Health, Inc.: Consultant and Speaker’s Bureau, Consulting fee and Speaker honorarium. Merck & Co., Inc.: Investigator, Research grant. A. Delpino, Walgreens: Employee and Shareholder, Salary.
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Park, Punahm, and Tai-Won Kim. "Korean EFL Learners’Perceptions and Experiences of the Intercultural Project Learning Via Online and Social Networking Platforms." Korea Association of Yeolin Education 31, no. 5 (2023): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.18230/tjye.2023.31.5.1.
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This paper investigates tele-collaborative project learning in which Korean EFL learners perceived and experienced Intercultural Communicative Competence (ICC) based on Byram’s intercultural competence(1997) in foreign language learning. This study is follow-up research of “Development and Implementation of a Platform-based intercultural English Teaching and Learning Model.” Participants were paired to do the intercultural project utilizing Zoom and social media platforms during the pandemic period. We adopted Byram’s assessment guidelines to analyze the process and perceptions of the students’ learning experiences by ethnographic method. The data was collected from the learners’ self-reflection reports, zoom-meeting observation, learners’ video presentation, and interviews. By comparing the two cultures, the paired Korean-American participants delved into their chosen topics of Korean and American culture and society. This study addresses the following three points: The tele-collaborative culture project facilitated participants in gaining insights into specific aspects of American or Korean culture; the project helped raise the participants' intercultural awareness; and the participants had the critical cultural awareness on their own culture in the global societies. They also realized that they need to build up their practical English ability to appropriately explain their own culture. This study implies that foreign language teaching needs to be redesigned to draw the learner’s direct learning to improve learners’ intercultural competence with the use of advanced technology in the global society.
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Cho, Soonjeong, and Seonuck Paek. "Educational Outcomes of a University Course on KOICA International Development Cooperation Awareness Program: The Case of Sangmyung University, Cheonan." Korea Association of International Development and Cooperation 15, no. 4 (2023): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32580/idcr.2023.15.4.103.
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Purpose: This case study on Sangmyung University, Cheonan aimed to analyze the educational outcomes of the International Development Cooperation (IDC) class combined theory-/practice-based tasks that KOICA has supported since 2012.
 Originality: While KOICA has disclosed the overall performance by collaborative groups of all participating universities, there are very few studies that examine the outcomes of education on an individual university level; this research analyzes the effectiveness of theoretical lectures/practical training at Sangmyung University by serving as a model to design the courses that fit other universities.
 Methodology: This study applied a mixed method using quantitative analysis of survey responses and qualitative analysis of free-written responses in the questionnaire from 139 students collected by KOICA in 2018-2022.
 Result: Understanding of IDC increased significantly after the course compared to before the class, and their attitudes toward the expansion of foreign aids showed more positive; the higher the students' self-assessment of their IDC class, the higher the effects of the intended education approach. In the free-written comments, while most students wished to work for IDC-related bodies overseas, some students described their extended awareness of sustainability and human rights knowledge, skills, attitudes, and practices in global citizenship. However, the convergence projects based on appropriate technology/design would need to be modified in terms of the IDC course design.
 Conclusion and Implication: This study confirms that IDC theory lectures based on global citizenship theory and practices applicable to developing countries can raise students' global competence and inspire their willingness to work overseas. It will contribute to analyzing the effectiveness of IDC lectures within Korean universities and to their self-review on the IDC program.
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Molnár-Gábor, Fruzsina. "The Ethical Mandate of unesco." Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 18, no. 1 (2014): 332–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757413-00180012.
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Complying with the statutory mission of promoting collaboration in science the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (unesco) perceives an ethical mandate which commenced in the 1970s and has been object of ongoing establishment regarding its integration into the human rights framework and its institutionalization ever since. The main achievements within this mandate are so far unesco’s standard-setting activities, among which the most important are three universal declarations, and its field work based on different ethical projects which aim at expanding capacities, coordination and the international cooperation within bioethics. As for the ethical achievements in 2014, these are basically rooted in the Medium-term Strategy 2014–2021 and manifested in the working program of International Bioethics Committee (ibc) for 2014–2015. They were discussed in and already partly realized through the Joint Session of the ibc and the Intergovernmental Bioethics Committee and the meetings of the 21st Session of the ibc. Together with unesco’s field work in 2014, the progress is important regarding the role of ethics within the human rights framework; the cooperation between unesco’s bioethical committees; the involvement of organizations in the work of unesco; and its future standard-setting activities.
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Malarvizhi, Anusha Srirenganathan, Qian Liu, Dexuan Sha, Hai Lan, and Chaowei Yang. "An Open-Source Workflow for Spatiotemporal Studies with COVID-19 as an Example." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 1 (2021): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11010013.
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Many previous studies have shown that open-source technologies help democratize information and foster collaborations to enable addressing global physical and societal challenges. The outbreak of the novel coronavirus has imposed unprecedented challenges to human society. It affects every aspect of livelihood, including health, environment, transportation, and economy. Open-source technologies provide a new ray of hope to collaboratively tackle the pandemic. The role of open source is not limited to sharing a source code. Rather open-source projects can be adopted as a software development approach to encourage collaboration among researchers. Open collaboration creates a positive impact in society and helps combat the pandemic effectively. Open-source technology integrated with geospatial information allows decision-makers to make strategic and informed decisions. It also assists them in determining the type of intervention needed based on geospatial information. The novelty of this paper is to standardize the open-source workflow for spatiotemporal research. The highlights of the open-source workflow include sharing data, analytical tools, spatiotemporal applications, and results and formalizing open-source software development. The workflow includes (i) developing open-source spatiotemporal applications, (ii) opening and sharing the spatiotemporal resources, and (iii) replicating the research in a plug and play fashion. Open data, open analytical tools and source code, and publicly accessible results form the foundation for this workflow. This paper also presents a case study with the open-source spatiotemporal application development for air quality analysis in California, USA. In addition to the application development, we shared the spatiotemporal data, source code, and research findings through the GitHub repository.
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Dawood, Huda, Jonathan Siddle, and Nashwan Dawood. "Integrating IFC and NLP for automating change request validations." Journal of Information Technology in Construction 24 (December 4, 2019): 540–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36680/j.itcon.2019.030.
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The management and the identification of design changes constitute an essential part of the of a design flow within the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry, requiring the formalisation of a multi-disciplinary collaborative information modelling environment. Construction projects generate substantial amount of change information, which needs to be updated continuously throughout the process, from initial feasibility study to the decommissioning of facilities. Complications arise from the information storage in multiple incompatible file formats that can lead to the loss or omission of details. In addition to any unexpected changes, the mismanagement of information is another factor leading to delays and costly errors. In order to mitigate such issues, this paper proposes to integrate the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) data model and Natural Language Processing (NLP) to validate and visually identify the result of change requests. The system is developed using C# by 1) integrating angular framework with ASP.NET (Active Server Pages) to create a dynamic single web page and 2). Using X-BIM toolkit that supports IFC format to read, create and visualise the BuildingSmart Data Models (aka IFC Models). This approach enables a web-based platform capable of generating reports and visual previews, highlighting the differences between IFC files throughout the design processes. A web-based system prototype allows users to compare subsequent versions of IFC design models in terms of additions, modifications and deletions. The prototype uses NLP to intelligently identify the changes that have been made as it compares newer and older versions of the same model, making this information available to designers and 3D modellers. Prospective work will focus on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) to automate the implementation of changes within the construction models.
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Gencarelli, Christian Natale, Debora Voltolina, Mohammed Hammouti, Marco Zazzeri, and Simone Sterlacchini. "Geospatial Information Technologies for Mobile Collaborative Geological Mapping: The Italian CARG Project Case Study." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 3 (2022): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11030192.
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A collaborative open-source IT infrastructure is designed and implemented to optimize the process of geological field data collection, integration, validation, and sharing. Firstly, field data collection is carried out by multiple users using free and open-source GIS-based tools for mobile devices according to a predefined database structure; then, data integration is automatically performed in a central server, where the collected geological information is stored and validated; finally, data are shared over the Internet, providing users with up-to-date information. The IT infrastructure is currently being employed to accomplish surveys for the realization of the “Brescia” geological map within the New Geological Map of Italy, scale 1:50,000 (CARG Project). Users are only required to run the field data collection application on their mobile devices, add different geometric features to predefined thematic layers and fill in the dialogue forms with the required information to store the new structured and georeferenced data in the central database. The major advantage of the proposed IT infrastructure consists of guaranteeing the operational continuity between field surveys and the finalization of geological or geothematic maps leveraging field data collection tools that are operational both online and offline to ensure the overall system resilience.
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Xu, Zhao, Ting Huang, Bingjing Li, Heng Li, and Qiming Li. "Developing an IFC-Based Database for Construction Quality Evaluation." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (August 28, 2018): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3946051.
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Quality evaluation and control are increasingly important concerns in construction projects. Construction quality evaluation, as a systematic method, must be discussed in light of quality information extraction and storage, while a traditional construction quality control program cannot meet these requirements. In moving beyond quality indicators to evaluate quality performance that is comparable across construction entities, two fundamental factors must be considered: quality information standardization and multiquality data integration. The purpose of this study is to extend the interoperability of a construction quality database in the evaluation process by employing the industry foundation classes (IFC) data model. Taking a cast-in-place steel-concrete structure as an example, this study explores the implementation of building information modeling (BIM) in quality management and proposes integrated solutions to improve current quality management processes with the assistance of an IFC-based working environment. To better utilize the performance of the BIM model and database on construction quality control, various BIM-based evaluation frameworks are proposed. Also, this paper discusses how these IFC and neutral network models operate together to facilitate construction quality management. Project participants can better understand quality progress and collaborate more effectively, thanks to a visualized data format. The objective of evaluating the proposed model is to understand the effectiveness of an IFC-based database when implemented in practice. A questionnaire was developed considering the opinions of construction firms and design institutes regarding identified factors. In designing an IFC-based quality database, the method proposed in this study reduces the complexity of the database substantially and improves quality evaluation efficiency.
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Cordero-Guridi, José-de-Jesús, Luis Cuautle-Gutiérrez, Ricardo-Iván Alvarez-Tamayo, and Santiago-Omar Caballero-Morales. "Design and Development of a I4.0 Engineering Education Laboratory with Virtual and Digital Technologies Based on ISO/IEC TR 23842-1 Standard Guidelines." Applied Sciences 12, no. 12 (2022): 5993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12125993.
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Knowledge transfer associated with education in the automotive manufacturing and production fields is challenging due to the requirements of physical prototyping of mechanical components and laboratory-assisted testing. In this regard, aspects of Industry 4.0 such as virtual environments and enhanced human–computer interaction have been studied as important resources to improve teaching practices and achieve the equivalent Education 4.0 paradigm. Within the context of modern manufacturing techniques in the Industry 4.0 era and advanced tools for analysis and mechanical design, the present work describes the development of a virtual/augmented reality (VR/AR) laboratory to support learning, training, and collaborative ventures related to additive manufacturing for the automotive industry. The development was performed in accordance with the guidelines of the ISO/IEC TR 23842-1 standard, to ensure that the academic programs and the conditions of use of the laboratory were optimal. Experiences with students through the development of industry-related automotive projects support confidence in the suitability of the laboratory and the expectation of positive outcomes for future developments.
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Destro, Robert A. "Introduction: The Interdisciplinary Program in Law and Religion." Journal of Law and Religion 5, no. 1 (1987): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0748081400003477.
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In late 1983, the Columbus School of Law of The Catholic University of America was awarded a three-year program development grant by the Henry Luce Foundation, Inc. for the purpose of developing an interdisciplinary program in law and religion. Since its inception, the purpose of the program has been to encourage the study of law and religion through creative use of the resources of The Catholic University of America to bring together scholars and legal practitioners having an interest in law and religion to collaborate on research, scholarship and education programs.To that end, the Columbus School of Law seeks to serve as a catalyst in developing proposals for funded research and as a clearinghouse for information and ideas on which interdisciplinary research projects can be based. The goal of the program is to draw together the resources and expertise of several disciplines and to focus them on issues of practical or theoretical importance in the development of law or legal policy relating to religion, religious institutions, public morality and ethics.Including the symposium which appears in the pages which follow, the project has sponsored presentations dealing with religion and politics (October, 1984), trends in separation of church and state (February, 1985), as well as co-sponsoring the publication of Peace in a Nuclear Age: The Bishops' Pastoral Letter in Perspective (C. Reid ed. 1986).
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Babelon, Ian, Jiří Pánek, Enzo Falco, Reinout Kleinhans, and James Charlton. "Between Consultation and Collaboration: Self-Reported Objectives for 25 Web-Based Geoparticipation Projects in Urban Planning." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 11 (2021): 783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10110783.
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Web-based participatory mapping technologies are being increasingly harnessed by local governments to crowdsource local knowledge and engage the public in urban planning policies as a means of increasing the transparency and legitimacy of planning processes and decisions. We refer to these technologies as “geoparticipation”. Current innovations are outpacing research into the use of geoparticipation in participatory planning practices. To address this knowledge gap, this paper investigates the objectives of web-based geoparticipation and uses empirical evidence from online survey responses related to 25 urban planning projects in nine countries across three continents (Europe, North America, and Australia). The survey adopts the objectives of the Spectrum for Public Participation that range from information empowerment, with each category specifying promises about how public input is expected to influence decision-making (IAP2, 2018). Our findings show that geoparticipation can leverage a ‘middle-ground’ of citizen participation by facilitating involvement alongside consultation and/or collaboration. This paper constitutes a pilot study as a step toward more robust and replicable empirical studies for cross-country comparisons. Empowerment (or citizen control) is not yet a normative goal or outcome for web-based geoparticipation. Our evidence also suggests that information is pursued alongside other objectives for citizen participation, and therefore functions not as a “low-hanging fruit” as portrayed in the literature, but rather as a core component of higher intensities of participation.
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Mentink, M., K. Sasaki, B. Cure, et al. "Superconducting detector magnets for high energy physics." Journal of Instrumentation 18, no. 06 (2023): T06013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/18/06/t06013.
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Abstract Various superconducting detector solenoids for particle physics have been developed in the world. The key technology is the aluminum-stabilized superconductor for almost all the detector magnets in particle physics experiments. The coil fabrication technology is also important and it has advanced along with the conductor technology, such as the inner coil winding technique, indirect cooling, transparent vacuum vessel, quench protection scheme using pure aluminum strips and so on. The detector solenoids design study is in progress for future big projects in Japan and Europe, that is, ILC (International Linear Collider), FCC (Future Circular Collider) and CLIC (Compact LInear Collider), based on the technologies established over many years. The combination of good mechanical properties and keeping a high RRR is a key point for the development of Al-stabilized conductor. The present concern for the detector solenoid development is to have been nearly losing the key technologies and experiences. Nowadays, there are no industrial companies having the capacity to manufacture such aluminum stabilized superconductor. Complementary efforts are seriously required to re-realize and validate the performance required in the future projects in collaboration with worldwide institutes and industries. Some mid-scale physics experiments required detector solenoids wound with not aluminum stabilized conductor but conventional copper stabilized conductor. The specific requirement is to control the magnetic field distribution precisely, and the efforts to realize the requirement are on going with regard to the magnetic field design technology with high precision simulation, coil fabrication technology and so on.
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Mauseth, Gary S., and Frank G. Csulak. "Damage Assessment and Restoration Following the JULIE N Oil Spill: A Case Study." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2003, no. 1 (2003): 409–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2003-1-409.
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ABSTRACT On September 27, 1996, the T/V JULIE N inbound with a cargo of 8.8 million gallons of #2 fuel oil struck the Million Dollar Bridge, spanning Portland Harbor between Portland and South Portland, Maine. The incident resulted in a spill of approximately 180,000 gallons of oil, which spread throughout a large area of Portland Harbor. The marine and coastal resources of Portland Harbor and the Fore River, including water resources, shellfish, wetlands, sediments, and birds were exposed and/or injured by the oil. The spill also had an adverse impact on several different public use services. The natural resource trustee agencies (including the State of Maine, NOAA, and the Department of the Interior) and Amity Products Carriers, Inc. (Responsible Party, RP) conducted a cooperative natural resource damage assessment to assess and restore natural resources exposed and/or injured by the spill. The trustees and RP operated under an initial verbal agreement to cooperate until a written agreement was executed over a year after the incident. The cooperative process and lessons learned are described in the paper. Particularly positive components included cooperative data collection and active collaboration on study design and endpoints. The trustees expended $782,860 in assessment costs. The RP expended an additional $169,101 in cooperative laboratory and field investigations, as well as $364,720 in consultant costs. The total assessment costs were $1,316,681. The trustees and the RP were then able to successfully negotiate a $1 million dollar settlement for the purpose of planning, implementing, and overseeing selected restoration projects. These projects included reducing the discharge of PAH's into the Fore River, wetland and bird habitat restoration, and construction of a recreational trail along the Fore River. The RP sought compensation from the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund under the limitation of liability provisions of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. Compensation included expenses beyond statutory liability for response, NRDA assessment, and damages to natural resources among others.
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Martín-Lerones, Pedro, David Olmedo, Ana López-Vidal, Jaime Gómez-García-Bermejo, and Eduardo Zalama. "BIM Supported Surveying and Imaging Combination for Heritage Conservation." Remote Sensing 13, no. 8 (2021): 1584. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13081584.
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As the basis for analysis and management of heritage assets, 3D laser scanning and photogrammetric 3D reconstruction have been probed as adequate techniques for point cloud data acquisition. The European Directive 2014/24/EU imposes BIM Level 2 for government centrally procured projects as a collaborative process of producing federated discipline-specific models. Although BIM software resources are intensified and increasingly growing, distinct specifications for heritage (H-BIM) are essential to driving particular processes and tools to efficiency shifting from point clouds to meaningful information ready to be exchanged using non-proprietary formats, such as Industry Foundation Classes (IFC). This paper details a procedure for processing enriched 3D point clouds into the REVIT software package due to its worldwide popularity and how closely it integrates with the BIM concept. The procedure will be additionally supported by a tailored plug-in to make high-quality 3D digital survey datasets usable together with 2D imaging, enhancing the capability to depict contextualized important graphical data to properly planning conservation actions. As a practical example, a 2D/3D enhanced combination is worked to accurately include into a BIM project, the length, orientation, and width of a big crack on the walls of the Castle of Torrelobatón (Spain) as a representative heritage building.
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Schott, Moritz, Asher Yair Grinberger, Sven Lautenbach, and Alexander Zipf. "The Impact of Community Happenings in OpenStreetMap—Establishing a Framework for Online Community Member Activity Analyses." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 3 (2021): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10030164.
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The collaborative nature of activities in Web 2.0 projects leads to the formation of online communities. To reinforce this community, these projects often rely on happenings centred around data creation and curation activities. We suggest an integrated framework to directly assess online community member performance in a quantitative manner and applied it to the case study of OpenStreetMap. A set of mappers who participated in both field and remote mapping-related happenings was identified. To measure the effects of happenings, we computed attributes characterising the mappers’ contribution behaviour before and after the happenings and tested for significant impacts in relation to a control group. Results showed that newcomers to OpenStreetMap adopted a contribution behaviour similar to the contribution behaviour typical for the respective happening they attended: When contributing after the happening, newcomers who attended a remote mapping event tended to concentrate on creating new data with lower quality but high quantity in places foreign to their home region; newcomers who attended a field mapping event updated and enhanced existing local data with high accuracy. The behaviour of advanced mappers stayed largely unaffected by happenings. Unfortunately, our results did not reveal a positive effect on the community integration of newcomers through happenings.
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Xun, Xiaolin, Jun Zhang, and Yongbo Yuan. "Multi-Information Fusion Based on BIM and Intuitionistic Fuzzy D-S Evidence Theory for Safety Risk Assessment of Undersea Tunnel Construction Projects." Buildings 12, no. 11 (2022): 1802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111802.
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Safety risk assessment is essential in ensuring the smooth construction of undersea tunnels. Obtaining reasonable safety risk assessment results requires multi-source information that enjoys static and dynamic attributes. However, acquiring and utilizing such uncertain information creates difficulties in the decision-making process. Therefore, this paper proposes a safety risk assessment approach based on building information modeling (BIM), intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) theory, and Dempster–Shafer (D-S) evidence theory. Firstly, an undersea tunnel construction collapse risk evaluation index system is established to clarify the information requirements of the pre-construction and construction stages. The semantic information of the BIM geometric model is then enriched through industry foundation classes (IFC) extension to match the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) process, with BIM technology used to assist in information acquisition and risk visualization. Finally, based on the intuitionistic fuzzy D-S evidence theory, multi-information fusion is performed to dynamically determine safety risk levels. Specifically, IFS theory is utilized for basic probability assignments (BPAs) determination before applying D-S evidence theory. The conflicting evidence is dealt with by reliability calculation based on the normalized Hamming distance between pairs of IFSs, while safety risk levels are accomplished with score functions of intuitionistic fuzzy values (IFVs). The proposed method is applied to collapse risk assessment in the karst developed area of a shield tunnel construction project in Dalian, China, and the feasibility and effectiveness are verified. The novelty of the proposed method lies in: (1) information collaboration between the BIM model and the dynamic safety risk assessment process being realized through IFC-based semantic enrichment and Dynamo programming to enhance the decision-making process and (2) the introduction of IFS theory to improve the applicability of D-S evidence theory in expressing fuzziness and hesitation during multi-information fusion. With the proposed method, dynamic safety risk assessment of undersea tunnel construction projects can be performed under uncertainty, fuzziness, and a conflicting environment, while the safety risk perception can be enhanced through visualization.
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Sailer, André, and Marko Petricˇ. "Automation and Testing for Simplified Software Deployment." EPJ Web of Conferences 214 (2019): 05019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921405019.
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Creating software releases is one of the more tedious occupations in the life of a software developer. For this purpose we have tried to automate as many of the repetitive tasks involved as possible from getting the commits to running the software. For this simplification we rely in large parts on free collaborative services available around GitHub: issue tracking, code review (GitHub), continuous integration (Travis-CI), static code analysis (coverity). The dependencies and compilers used in the continuous integration are obtained by mounting CVMFS into a docker container. This enables running any desired compiler version (e.g., gcc 6.2, llvm 3.9) or tool (e.g, clang-format, pylint). To create tags for the software package the powerful GitHub API is used. A script was developed that first collates the release notes from the description of each pull request, commits the release notes file, and finally makes a tag. This moves the burden of writing release notesfrom the package maintainer to the individual developer. The deployment of software releases to CVMFS is handled via GitLab-CI. When a tag is made the software is built and automatically deployed. In this paper we will describe the software infrastructure used for the iLCSoft and iLCDirac projects, which are used by CLICdp and the ILC detector collaborations, and give examples of automation which might be useful for others.
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Peiniger, Michael, Michael Pekeler, and Hanspeter Vogel. "Industrialization of Superconducting RF Accelerator Technology." Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology 05 (January 2012): 265–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793626812300101.
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Superconducting RF (SRF) accelerator technology has basically existed for 50 years. It took about 20 years to conduct basic R&D and prototyping at universities and international institutes before the first superconducting accelerators were built, with industry supplying complete accelerator cavities. In parallel, the design of large scale accelerators using SRF was done worldwide. In order to build those accelerators, industry has been involved for 30 years in building the required cavities and/or accelerator modules in time and budget. To enable industry to supply these high tech components, technology transfer was made from the laboratories in the following three regions: the Americas, Asia and Europe. As will be shown, the manufacture of the SRF cavities is normally accomplished in industry whereas the cavity testing and module assembly are not performed in industry in most cases, yet. The story of industrialization is so far a story of customized projects. Therefore a real SRF accelerator product is not yet available in this market. License agreements and technology transfer between leading SRF laboratories and industry is a powerful tool for enabling industry to manufacture SRF components or turnkey superconducting accelerator modules for other laboratories and users with few or no capabilities in SRF technology. Despite all this, the SRF accelerator market today is still a small market. The manufacture and preparation of the components require a range of specialized knowledge, as well as complex and expensive manufacturing installations like for high precision machining, electron beam welding, chemical surface preparation and class ISO4 clean room assembly. Today, the involved industry in the US and Europe comprises medium-sized companies. In Japan, some big enterprises are involved. So far, roughly 2500 SRF cavities have been built by or ordered from industry worldwide. Another substantial step might come from the International Linear Collider (ILC) project currently being designed by the international collaboration GDE ('global design effort'). If the ILC will be built, about 18,000 SRF cavities need to be manufactured worldwide within about five years. The industrialization of SRF accelerator technology is analyzed and reviewed in this article in view of the main accelerator projects of the last two to three decades.
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Bohlius, Julia, Corinne Brillant, Michael Clarke, et al. "Recombinant Human Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agents in Cancer Patients: Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis on Behalf of the EPO IPD Meta-Analysis Collaborative Group." Blood 112, no. 11 (2008): 4675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.4675.4675.
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Abstract Background: Erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs) consistently have been shown to decrease transfusions in anemic oncology patients. However, whether they increase mortality in cancer patients is under debate. Results from individual studies conflict, and results from literature based meta-analyses are inconclusive. We conducted a meta-analysis based on individual patient data (IPD) from all available randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Meta-analyses with individual patient data offer several advantages over study-level analysis, including the ability to gain statistical power and increase validity using time-to-event analyses, to adjust for prognostic variables that may have confounded the original treatment comparisons and to investigate subgroups in which treatment may be either more or less effective or harmful. Methods: An international collaboration conducted an individual patent data meta-analysis of ESA effects on mortality in cancer patients. With guidance from an independent steering committee of international experts in hematology, oncology, radiotherapy, epidemiology, medical statistics and a consumer representative, we developed a detailed protocol and statistical analysis plan. Independent RCT investigators and representatives from pharmaceutical companies who submitted data provided additional input through the project’s advisory board. IPD from RCTs of ESA plus red blood cell transfusion (RBCT) (as needed) versus placebo or no ESA plus RBCT (as needed), for prophylaxis or treatment of anemia in cancer patients with or without concurrent antineoplastic therapy, were included. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated per study and meta-analyzed with fixed-effects and random-effects models. Primary endpoints were overall survival (during active study phase and for the longest follow-up available) for patients receiving chemotherapy, and for all cancer patients regardless of anticancer treatment. Stratified multivariable Cox-regression analyses were conducted to assess the impact of baseline imbalances and to identify potential effect modifiers. Duplicate main statistical analyses were conducted independently at two academic statistical departments. Results: Data on 13933 patients enrolled in 53 studies were included in the analysis. Data were provided by the companies Amgen Inc., Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C., and F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.; and by five independent investigators. Results are currently undergoing internal verification and final evaluation and will be presented at the meeting. Conclusion: Final conclusions will be presented at the meeting. Future analyses using IPD will be conducted to estimate the risks (clots, tumor progression) and potential benefits (transfusion needs and quality of life/fatigue) from other outcomes.