Relevant bibliographies by topics / Inc Nuclear Metals

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Academic literature on the topic 'Inc Nuclear Metals'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Inc Nuclear Metals"

1

Schetky, L. McD. "Miscellaneous Applications of Intermetallic Compounds." MRS Bulletin 21, no. 5 (May 1996): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s088376940003551x.

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So ubiquitous are intermetallic compounds (IMCs) in all areas of materials application that examples of their use in industrial, medical, consumer, and military products are almost limitless. We will in this brief discussion attempt to identify some of the more important of these applications, which we categorize as miscellaneous. These include shape-memory alloys (SMAs), gold alloys used in jewelry, dental amalgams, tribology applications, diffusion barriers in electronic devices, elevated-heat storage systems, nuclear applications, metal-matrix composites, and high damping alloys. In some cases, the IMC is present as a precipitate or dispersed particle that provides strengthening or other property modification while in other examples, the IMC is employed in bulk form.
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Latif, Noor Syafiqah Habdul, Sheikh Ahmad Izaddin Sheikh Mohd Ghazali, Erna Normaya Abdullah, Azizul Hakim Lahuri, Mohammad Fadzlee Ngatiman, and Nur Nadia Dzulkifli. "Synthesis, Structural, Density Functional Theory, and X-Ray Diffraction Study of Zn(II) N-Isopropylbenzyldithiocarbamate: Anti-Corrosion Screening in Acid Media." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 18, no. 4 (November 12, 2018): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.34703.

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Corrosion of metal is a serious issue across many industries and is considered costly. Acids used during the cleaning process in industries may contribute to metal erosion. Dithiocarbamate is a ligand that can act as a corrosion inhibitor due to the presence of sulfur and nitrogen as electronegative atoms. Zn(II) N-isopropylbenzyldithiocarbamate (Zn[N-isopbenzdtc]2) complex was synthesized through direct synthetic method of < 4 °C and characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared-Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR), Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), X-ray crystallography study, molar conductivity, melting point, and gravimetric analysis. Corrosion inhibition of mild steel was studied for different corrosive media (1 M HCl and 1 M H2SO4). The synthesized inhibitor was studied at different concentrations of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mM at 40 °C. As a conclusion, as the inhibitor concentration decreased, the efficiency of the corrosion inhibitor also decreased at a constant temperature. In this study, it showed that the corrosion activity of mild steel in 1 M H2SO4 was higher compared to 1 M HCl due to the higher concentration of H+, which makes H2SO4 more corrosive than HCl.
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Alkhalaf, Maha I., and Wafa S. Alansari. "Ameliorative Effects of Indole-3-Carbinol and/or Sulforaphane Against Gold Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity in Rats." Science of Advanced Materials 13, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 222–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2021.3891.

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Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are the most commonly used metal nanoparticles due to their promising characteristics. However, application of GNs in medical and biological fields has resulted in toxicity to several organs. Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) and sulforaphane (SF) are the two well-known natural compounds, largely present in cruciferous vegetables. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic efficacy of I3C and SF alone or in combination against GN-induced renal and cardiac toxicities. Fifty male Albino rats were randomly segregated into five groups with each group containing 10 rats; G1, control; G2, intraperitoneally administered with a suspension of GNPs (10 nm in size; 20 µg/kg body weight (b.w.) for 7 days; G3, GN-injected rats, supplemented with SF (5 mg/kg b.w) daily for 7 days; G4, GN-injected rats, supplemented orally with I3C (150 mg/kg b.w.) for 7 days and G5, GN-injected rats supplemented orally with SF and I3C daily for 7 days. GN treatment significantly disturbed kidney functional markers, as evidenced by significantly increased levels of urea, creatinine and creatine kinase. Additionally, GNs significantly increased renal and cardiac levels of malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and interleukin-6, and depleted, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2. In contrast, treatment with I3C and SF alone or in combination significantly restored all the parameters to their near normal levels. GN induced histological abnormalities were also significantly attenuated. Taken together, the data indicate that the SF and I3C are more effective when given separately than when given together in lowering GN-induced toxicity by their ability to alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Wise, Robert K., Sherry M. Waldhausen, Van T. Nguyen, David A. Palanzo, and Larry D. Baer. "Unique static discharge events on two CentriMag® (2nd Gen) ECMO patients causing console failure." Perfusion 33, no. 8 (June 29, 2018): 707–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267659118779671.

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The use of ECMO for cardiovascular support continues to increase in the United States and around the world. It is not a benign endeavor as serious complications may occur. We present our experience of two second generation CentriMag® (Abbott formerly Thoratec Inc.) console failures that occurred while transporting the patients to other areas of the hospital. In each incident, the patients were immediately placed on back-up units and the transport continued. No patient complications could be attributed to the failures. An investigation by Abbott engineers traced the failure to a static build-up and discharge caused by a non-manufacturer-approved metal rod that was utilized to mount the external monitor. The static discharge caused a disruption of electrical continuity between the control system and the motor, stopping the motor as well as the monitoring system. Removal of the mounting rod prevented replication of the situation in the lab. We have removed the rod from our clinical units and have not experienced any other pump failures.
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Lamb, C. A., J. Doyle, G. Hulme, K. Cooke, A. Au-Yeung, J. Ojeda-Garcia, A. Fuller, et al. "P002 Methodological development of single-cell phenotyping and spatial analysis of intestinal leukocyte, stromal and epithelial cell populations in inflammatory bowel disease formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue by Hyperion imaging mass cytometry." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 15, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): S123—S125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab076.131.

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Abstract Background Conventional cellular phenotyping of intestinal cell populations by multi-parameter fluorescence cytometry is reliant on collection of fresh tissue for immediate enzymatic or mechanical disaggregation, or cryopreservation of samples. These factors limit widescale use of tissue for research, increase cost, and time for sample collection or preparation. Due to tissue disaggregation suspension cytometry does not provide data regarding spatial localisation of cells in tissue. Formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue is widely collected at endoscopy and surgery for clinical histopathological assessment, and can be stored and transported at room temperature. Methods We aimed to develop a method for analysing FFPE intestinal tissue using Imaging Mass Cytometry (IMC) in combination with an analysis pipeline for cellular phenotyping and spatial characterisation that preserved multi-parameter, high dimensional phenotyping capabilities normally only afforded by suspension methodologies. FFPE blocks were accessed following written informed consent in accordance with research and ethics committee approval. Carrier-free antibodies specific to cell subsets of interest were selected based on conventional suspension fluorescence cytometry and immunohistochemistry data. Results Antibodies were conjugated to metal isotopes. Antigen retrieval and antibody dilution was optimised on 4µm tissue sections using Tris-EDTA pH 9 initially by immunofluorescence then in multiple assays by Hyperion (Fluidigm) IMC (Figure 1A). An analysis pipeline was developed based on the “Bodenmiller approach” using a combination of R, Python and MATLAB packages: CellProfiler and ilastik to segment single cells, and ImaCyte to explore the resident phenotypes and cellular neighbourhoods in diseased and healthy tissues. A staining panel with 25 antibodies was optimised to identify stromal, epithelial and leukocyte populations. Training algorithms allowed computational segmentation of nuclear, cytoplasmic and non-cellular regions (Figure 1B), cell mask, segmentation and spatial analysis (Figure 1C), and t-SNE (Figure 1D). Representative three parameter images created in MCD viewer (Fluidigm) are shown in Figure 1E to demonstrate cell populations and spatial localisation. Conclusion Quantifiable, multiparameter cellular phenotyping with spatial visualisation can be undertaken with FFPE intestinal tissue using IMC. Due to the existence of archival healthcare samples, the ease of tissue acquisition, processing and storage of FFPE specimens this provides a valuable resource for investigation, including mechanisms of disease pathogenesis, molecular biomarker discovery, and longitudinal pharmacodynamic analysis in clinical trials.
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Coelho-Silva, Fernanda, Luciano Augusto Cano Martins, Daniela Azeredo Braga, Eliana Zandonade, Francisco Haiter-Neto, and Sergio Lins de-Azevedo-Vaz. "Influence of windowing and metal artefact reduction algorithms on the volumetric dimensions of five different high-density materials: a cone-beam CT study." Dentomaxillofacial Radiology 49, no. 8 (December 1, 2020): 20200039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/dmfr.20200039.

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Objective: To assess the influence of windowing and metal artefact reduction (MAR) algorithms on the volumetric dimensions of high-density materials using two CBCT systems. Methods: Four cylinders of amalgam, cobalt-chromium, gutta-percha, titanium and zirconium, were manufactured and their physical volumes (PV) were measured. A polymethyl methacrylate phantom containing the cylinders was submitted to CBCT acquisitions with Picasso Trio and OP300 units with their MAR enabled and disabled. The tomographic volume (TV) of all the cylinders was obtained by semi-automatic segmentation using two windowing adjustments: W1—large window width and upper window level; W2—narrow window width and low window level. Volumetric distortion was expressed as the difference between TV and PV. Statistics comprised intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures with Tukey post hoc test (α = 5%). Results: The ICC values ​​indicated excellent reproducibility of TV. Gutta-percha and titanium resulted in the smallest volumetric distortion. Using W1 provided less volumetric distortion for almost all experimental conditions (p < 0.05). Activating MAR algorithm of Picasso Trio underestimated gutta-percha and titanium TV (p < 0.05) and was inefficient in significantly reducing the volumetric distortion of the other materials (p > 0.05). Disabling MAR algorithm of OP300 resulted in smaller volumetric distortion for almost all experimental conditions (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The TV of gutta-percha and titanium were closer to the PV. In general, the MAR algorithms of both systems were inefficient in significantly reducing the volumetric distortion of high-density materials. We encourage the use of large window width and upper window level to evaluate high-density materials.
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Richards, Paul G., Douglas A. Anderson, and David W. Simpson. "A survey of blasting activity in the United States." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 82, no. 3 (June 1, 1992): 1416–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0820031416.

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Abstract Statistical information on chemical explosions is needed in seismology, to evaluate the practical difficulties in identifying this very common type of seismic source from other seismic sources such as small earthquakes and small nuclear explosions. We have obtained data on blasting activity from three different sources: (1) overview information from the U.S. Bureau of Mines (USBM) on the total amount of chemical explosives used in the United States during 1987, with breakdowns into different explosive types, and usage by different states; (2) overview information from the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) on the numbers of mines, of different types, in the United States; and (3) detailed information from a private company (Vibra-Tech Engineers, Inc.) on total shot size and size of charge per delay for 20,813 blasts carried out in 1987 at 532 locations. Our procedure has been to extrapolate the detailed information contained in the 1987 Vibra-Tech data for a limited number of states and thus to obtain estimates for the whole country on numbers of shots and their size distribution. The extrapolation is constrained by the data from USBM (numbers of shots, sizes) and the MSHA (locations). Blasting activity does not fluctuate greatly from year to year and 1987 was representative of current practice. We find that about 2.2 million metric tons of chemical explosive are used annually in the continental U.S., principally in mining for coal and metal ores. On a typical work day, there are roughly 30 explosions greater than 50 tons, including about one greater than 200 tons. There was one industrial explosion in 1987 at about 1400 tons. For shots between 1 ton and 100 tons, the cumulative distribution has a b-value near unity; that is, if N is the number of shots (per year) greater than or equal to W tons, N ∝ 10 − b log ⁡ W = W − b with b roughly equal to 1. This result is similar to the size distribution of earthquakes greater than magnitude mb, N ∝ 10 − b m b . Almost all chemical explosions above 1 ton are ripple-fired. The typical shot uses 20 to 50 separate delays.
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Oetjen, Karolyn A., Diane E. Bender, Marianna B. Ruzinova, Stephen T. Oh, and Daniel C. Link. "Interrogating the Spatial Architecture of Human Bone Marrow Via Imaging Mass Cytometry." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 3728. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-127460.

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Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) proliferation, self-renewal, differentiation, and trafficking are dependent, in part, upon signals generated by stromal cells in the bone marrow. Stromal cells are organized into niches that support specific subsets of hematopoietic progenitors. Intimate interactions between HSCs and neighboring stromal cells coordinate hematopoietic responses during periods of physiologic stress, while also maintaining the lifelong integrity of the hematopoietic stem cell pool. Hematopoietic niches are comprised of a heterogeneous population of stromal and hematopoietic cells. The identity and function of the known stromal cell subsets have primarily been gleaned through genetic manipulation of mouse models. In humans, the spatial organization of these stromal cells in bone marrow and the signals they generate to regulate hematopoiesis are poorly understood. Current methods to characterize bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in humans include: 1) immunostaining of bone sections; 2) analysis of flow sorted stromal cells; and 3) analysis of ex vivoexpanded mesenchymal stem/progenitors. Major limitations to all of these approaches exist that relate to the heterogeneity of bone marrow stromal cells, the lack of markers that reliably distinguish different stromal cell populations, and inherent technical limitations of the assays, such as the number of markers that can be analyzed at one time. Here we report our efforts to use imaging mass cytometry imaging (IMC) to interrogate the complex cellular architecture of human bone marrow. IMC allows for the simultaneous detection of up to 40 markers through the use of antibodies conjugated to elemental metal tags acquired by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. We first used standard immunostaining techniques to develop a panel of antibodies compatible with archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) human bone marrow specimens using a heat-induced epitope retrieval method. Hematopoietic lineages have been successfully identified using CD11b, CD68, CD15, CD14, CD16, CD11c, CD20, CD3, CD4, CD8a, CD38, CD45RA, CD45RO, CD235a, CD71, CD34, CD31; stromal cells and structures with CXCL12, alpha-smooth muscle actin, collagen I, vimentin; and nuclear staining using Ki67, Histone H3, and DNA intercalator. We used panels consisting of up to 18 of these antibodies each to test IMC on FFPE human bone marrow specimens. Imaging was performed using the Hyperion Imaging System (Fluidigm), which consists of a UV laser scanning module to capture regions of more than 10,000 cells with 1-micron resolution coupled with a Helios Mass Cytometer. Image analysis was performed by creation of a cell segmentation mask using CellProfiler software and high dimensional analysis in histoCAT. Representative images and corresponding dimensional reduction with t-SNE are shown in Figure 1A-H, demonstrating successful discrimination of distinct hematopoietic lineages. Gating on subpopulations within the t-SNE clusters can be projected on to the original image to illustrate spatial distribution and marker co-expression, as an example CD3+ and CD8+ cells are shown in Figure 1I. These data indicate that IMC allows for highly multiplexed analysis of bone marrow cell populations. Developing imaging techniques for analysis of tissue-banked FFPE bone marrow samples would have broad applications for translational research on hematologic diseases. In particular, this technology has tremendous potential to advance understanding of the spatial architecture of human bone marrow and to investigate alterations in the bone marrow environment in malignant hematopoiesis. Disclosures Oh: Incyte: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Blueprint Medicines: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Consultancy.
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Metais, Jean-Yves, Phillip A. Doerfler, Thiyagaraj Mayuranathan, Daniel E. Bauer, Stephanie Fowler, Matthew Hsieh, Varun Katta, et al. "CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing of γ-Globin Promoters in Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells to Induce Erythrocyte Fetal Hemoglobin for Treatment of β-Hemoglobinopathies." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 2066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-131318.

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Induction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF, α2γ2) via genome editing-mediated disruption of DNA regulatory elements that repress expression of γ-globin genes (HBG1 and HBG2) is a promising therapeutic strategy for b-hemoglobinopathies including sickle cell disease (SCD) and β-thalassemia. Optimal technical approaches and safety profiles are yet to be fully defined. We used CRISPR/Cas9 to target a DNA repressor element near the distal CCAAT box of the HBG1/HBG2 promoters. This region contains a "TGACC" motif recognized by BCL11A, a transcriptional repressor protein that regulates γ-to-β globin switch after birth. Rare germline variants at or near this motif are associated with hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin, a benign genetic condition that alleviates the clinical manifestations of co-inherited b-hemoglobinopathies. Previously, we showed that transduction of human CD34+ cells with lentiviral vector encoding Cas9 and guideRNA (gRNA) targeting the HBG1/HBG2 promoter caused induction of HbF in red blood cell (RBC) progeny generated in vitro (Traxler et. al, Nature Medicine v22,2016). Here we present a clinically tractable approach for disrupting the HBG1/HBG2 BCL11A binding site in human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Electroporation of Cas9:gRNA ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex into healthy or SCD donor CD34+ cells resulted in up to 80% on-target insertion-deletion (indel) mutations and 35% HbF in erythroid progeny generated in vitro. Sixteen to 17 weeks after transplantation of gene edited CD34+ cells into immunodeficient NBSGW mice, up to 75% of donor CD34+ cells in recipient bone marrow contained on-target indels, demonstrating efficient modification of repopulating human HSCs. No differences in CD34+ cell regeneration or differentiation into erythroid, T, B, or myeloid cell lineages were observed between edited and control cells. Moreover, up to 78% of gene edited erythroid cells stained with anti-HbF antibody ("F-cells") compared to 15% in control erythroid cells, suggesting a "pan-cellular" pattern of HbF expression after editing. Strikingly, human donor-derived erythroid cells in recipient bone marrow expressed up to 40% HbF compared to 3% HbF in controls. Although the editing frequencies of HBG1 and HBG2 promoters varied between different donor CD34+ cells, an engineered variant of Cas9 containing 3 nuclear localization sequences (Wu et. al,Nature Medicine v25, 2019) edited repopulating HSCs more efficiently and consistently than conventional Cas9 with two nuclear localization signals. Simultaneous on-target RNP-induced DSBs at both HBG1 and HBG2 can result in the deletion of the intervening 4.9-kb region, leaving a single hybrid gene with HBG2 promoter sequences fused to the downstream HBG1 gene. We detected this deletion in approximately 30% of edited cells, with no associated decline in HbF expression determined by clonal analysis of erythroid colonies. No off-target mutations were detected by targeted sequencing of the 26 top candidate sites identified by CIRCLE-seq, an in vitro genome-scale method for detecting Cas9 activity. Analysis of gene edited human donor cells purified from mouse bone marrow showed no chromosomal rearrangements by G-banding (n=20) or fluorescence in situ hybridization with a probe located distal to the HBG1/HBG2 loci (n=225). Taken together, our studies provide novel and essential preclinical evidence supporting the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of a CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing approach to induce HbF for treating hemoglobinopathies. Figure. Gene editing of the HBG1/HBG2 promoters in HSCs and HbF induction of erythroid progeny in vivo. Plerixafor-mobilized CD34+ cells from an individual with SCD were edited with RNP and transplanted into NBSGW mice, which were analyzed 16-17 weeks later. A. On-target indel frequency before (Pre) and after bone marrow transplantation (BM). The black bars represent a 13-nucleotide deletion associated with human hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin. B. Human erythroblasts and reticulocytes derived from RNP-edited and non-edited Control CD34+ donor cells. Scale bar = 10 mm. C. HbF immunostaining control and RNP edited erythroid cells in recipient bone marrow assessed by flow cytometry. D. %HbF protein in hemolysates of control (C) and RNP edited erythroid cells assessed by ion-exchange HPLC. n= 3 biological replicates. **** P < 0.0001. Figure Disclosures Metais: MBIO: Other: St. Jude Children's Research Hospital has an existing exclusive license and ongoing partnership with Mustang Bio for the further clinical development and commercialization of this XSCID gene therapy. Sharma:Doris Duke Foundation: Research Funding; Vertex Pharmaceuticals: Other: Study PI. Weiss:Beam Therapeutics: Consultancy; Rubius INC: Consultancy; GlaxoSmithKline: Consultancy; Cellarity INC: Consultancy; Esperian: Consultancy.
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Schöneborn, M., W. Hoffbauer, J. Schmedt auf der Günne, and R. Glaum. "Beiträge zur Kristallchemie und zum thermischen Verhalten von wasserfreien Phosphaten, XXXVII [1]. Synthese, Kristallstruktur und kernresonanzspektroskopische Untersuchung von In2Ti6(PO4)6[Si2O(PO4)6] – Eine Hybride aus den NASICON und M4[Si2O(PO4)6] Strukturtypen / Contributions on Crystal Chemistry and Thermal Behaviour of Anhydrous Phospates, XXXVII [1]. Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation of In2Ti6(PO4)6- [Si2O(PO4)6] – A Hybride Built from Layers with NASICON and M4[Si2O(PO4)6] Structures." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 61, no. 6 (June 1, 2006): 741–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2006-0614.

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In2Ti6(PO4)6[Si2O(PO4)6] has been obtained by heating (1100 °C) stoichiometric amounts of In2O3, SiP2O7, TiP2O7, and TiO2 in air. Colourless crystals of the phosphate-silicophosphate suitable for a single crystal structure investigation have been grown by chemical vapour transport (1000°C → 900°C, mixture of 70 mg PtCl2 and 3.5 mg TiP as transport agent). In2Ti6(PO4)6[Si2O(PO4)6] adopts its own structure type (R3̅ (No. 148), Z = 3, a = 8.4380(10) Å , c = 44.295(1) Å , 1809 independent reflections, 109 variables, R1 = 0.044, wR2 = 0.112). The crystal structure represents a hybride built up from alternating layers (⟂ to the c-axis) of the NASICON structure-type and those showing the structure of silicophosphates M4[Si2O(PO4)6]. Isolated heteropolyanions [Si2O(PO4)6]12− and double-octahedra [InIIITiIVO9] occur as coordination polyhedra besides isolated octahedra [TiIVO6] and tetrahedral phosphate groups. The results of 29Si and 31P-MAS-NMR studies are in agreement with one crystallographically independent site for silicon and two sites for phosphorus. The phosphorus resonances can be related to the two sites by 2-dimensional cross-polarisation experiments, by the anisotropies of their chemical shifts, and by the observed line widths. All criteria lead to the same assignment. Substitution of In3+ by several trivalent transition metal ions leads to phosphate-silicophosphates M2Ti6(PO4)6[Si2O(PO4)6] (M = Ti3+, V3+, Cr3+, Fe3+)
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Inc Nuclear Metals"

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Foletti, Claudia <1972&gt. "Heavy liquid metals applications: from the nuclear to the industrial field." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/413/.

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Menghini, Filippo <1989&gt. "Advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics models for liquid metal flows." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7505/.

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In this thesis it is shown the development, implementation and numerical solution of several computational fluid dynamics models for the study of liquid metal flows. The work is organized in two main parts in which different modeling techniques are analyzed. These two parts are introduced by a brief chapter on the finite element methods and on the computational platform developed during the Ph.D. studies which have been the basis for the implementation and numerical solution of all the developed mathematical models. In the first part, turbulence modeling based on Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes equations is considered for the study of turbulent heat transfer in liquid metal flows. A new four parameter turbulence model is introduced and validated in two different k-e and k-w formulations. Several results in four geometries interesting for the fast nuclear reactor field are reported in order to assess and prove the feasibility of this model for the study of turbulent heat transfer in liquid metal flows. In the second part the adjoint optimal control theory is introduced. Some numerical cases are presented by solving the optimality system with state and adjoint variables. The first application is a temperature boundary optimal control in which an improved way of setting boundary conditions in weak form has been developed. The second application is a distributed optimal control problem for the RANS system. Numerical simulations in two and three dimensions have been carried on for this type of applications and are reported in the final chapter.
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Utili, Marco <1979&gt. "Sviluppo delle tecnologie del circuito a metallo liquido del modulo di blanket HCLL del reattore a fusione ITER e DEMO." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2827/.

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Lo scopo della presente tesi di dottorato è di illustrare il lavoro svolto nella progettazione del circuito a metallo liquido del Test Blanket System (TBS) Helium Cooled Lithium Lead (HCLL), uno dei sistemi fondamentali del reattore sperimentale ITER che dovrà dimostrare la fattibilità di produrre industrialmente energia elettrica da processi di fusione nucleare. Il blanket HCLL costituisce una delle sei configurazioni che verranno testate in ITER, sulla base degli esperimenti condotti nei 10 dieci anni di vita del reattore verrà selezionata la configurazione che determinerà la costituzione del primo reattore dimostrativo per la produzione di un surplus di energia elettrica venti volte superiore all’energia consumata, DEMO. Il circuito ausiliario del blanket HCLL è finalizzato, in DEMO all’estrazione del trizio generato mediante il TES; ed in ITER alla dimostrazione della fattibilità di estrarre il trizio generato e di poter gestire il ciclo del trizio. Lo sviluppo dei componenti, svolto in questa tesi, è accentrato su tale dispositivo, il TES. In tale ambito si inseriscono le attività che sono descritte nei capitoli della seguente tesi di dottorato: selezione e progettazione preliminare del sistema di estrazione del trizio dalla lega eutettica Pb15.7Li del circuito a metallo liquido del TBM HCLL; la progettazione, realizzazione e qualifica dei sensori a permeazione per la misura della concentrazione di trizio nella lega eutettica Pb15.7Li; la qualificazione sperimentale all’interno dell’impianto TRIEX (TRItium EXtarction) della tecnologia selezionata per l’estrazione del trizio dalla lega; la progettazione della diagnostica di misura e controllo del circuito ausiliario del TBM HCLL.
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Concetti, Alessia <1982&gt. "Integrated approaches for designing and optimizing thermal plasma processing for metal cutting and material treatment." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/3883/.

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Menzies, Luke. "Modelling helium embrittlement in iron based metals under DEMO conditions." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/modelling-helium-embrittlement-in-iron-based-metals-under-demo-conditions(476ff1e5-24c7-4de5-920a-524042094253).html.

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Steel components within fusion reactors will be subject to high transmutation rates due to high energy neutrons. In iron based alloys such as steels, high amounts of helium accumulate through transmutation. This leads to helium embrittlement through helium accumulating on the grain boundaries of metal. Worst case scenario predictions were made for DEMO, estimating that for a grain size of 5 micro-meters, embrittlement could happen within 2 years of the blanket region of DEMO. This thesis elaborates on previous worst case scenario calculations by including inter-granular tapping mechanisms, within rate theory simulations. A rate theory code was developed for the purpose of this work, tailored towards a fusion environment. Calculations were performed using rate theory that predicted the timescales in which helium embrittlement occurred within a conceptual DEMO design in the first wall region and the blanket region. The calculations used several parameter sets, where preliminary simulations were performed using the parameter sets, that were compared with cluster density data determined using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy (PAS). The simulations showed that the helium embrittlement time was heavily influenced by the chosen dislocation density, parameter set and grain size. The simulations conducted to represent the blanket region, showed an increase as high as 94% from the 2 years that has previously been predicted under certain scenarios. However results also showed that assuming a certain parameter set with a low dislocation density, showed no significant increase in embrittlement time. This was not a concern since it was concluded that advanced steel concepts would be expected to have a small average grain size, that would dramatically increase the embrittlement time. The work in this thesis also focused on defect interaction with dislocations. A model was constructed that made use of elasticity theory and VASP calculations that produced the interaction energy map for various defects with an edge dislocation. The interaction energy map for helium interstitials with an edge dislocation was compared with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations produced for this work. The model and simulations showed good agreement. Temperature effects were then included in the model that allowed the concentration around a dislocation to be temperature dependent. These temperature dependent interaction energy maps were then implemented into the advection-diffusion equation, that were solved numerically to explore the capture efficiencies and bias towards certain defects within iron. These values were then used within the rate theory simulations to produce temperature effects on the dislocation sink strengths for vacancies, SIA and helium interstitials.
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Naz, Naila. "Comparison of expression pattern and localization of iron transport proteins in rat liver, brain and spleen during acute phase response:invivo and invitro studies." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-AE45-8.

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Books on the topic "Inc Nuclear Metals"

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Environmental assessment proposed license renewal of Nuclear Metals, Inc. Concord, Massachusetts. Washington, D.C: Division of Industrial and Medical Nuclear Safety, Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1997.

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Trocello, Jean-Marc, and France Woimant. Disorders of Copper and Iron Metabolism. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199972135.003.0044.

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Both copper and iron are essential metals that have a critical function in a series of biochemical pathways. This chapter describes the disorders associated with genetic abnormalities in copper and iron metabolic pathways and their manifestations in adult patients. Mutations in the genes of the copper transporting P-type ATPases, ATP7A and ATP7B are associated with Wilson disease, Menkes disease, occipital horn syndrome and ATP7A-related distal motor neuropathy. Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) is a group of disorders characterized by excess iron deposition in globus pallidus, substantia nigra pars reticulata, striata and cerebellar dentate nuclei. Several genes associated with NBIA have been identified.
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Pollock, Rob. Total hip replacement: modes of failure. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.007010.

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♦ Total hip replacements (THRs) may fail in various ways. They may become infected, they may be subject to aseptic loosening, they may dislocate, or a periprosthetic fracture may occur. The patient with a failed THR must be thoroughly assessed before treatment is contemplated♦ Infection may be acute or chronic. Assessment involves clinical assessment, plain radiographs, blood tests (C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate), hip aspiration, and, sometimes, nuclear medicine. The acutely infected hip may be treated with one-stage revision. This involves thorough lavage, debridement, and exchange of all modular components as well as long-term antibiotic therapy. The gold standard of treatment for a chronically infected THR is a two-stage revision. Success rates of 80–90% can be expected♦ Aseptic loosening typically occurs at the cement bone interface in hips where a metal-on-polyethylene bearing couple has been used. Bone resorption takes place as a result of an inflammatory response to small wear particles. After infection has been excluded the treatment of choice is a single-stage revision♦ Dislocation may be the result of patient factors, implant factors, or poor surgical technique. It is imperative for the clinician to minimize the risk by selecting patients carefully, using the correct combination of implants and performing surgery accurately♦ The management of periprosthetic fractures depends on how well the implants are fixed and quality of bone stock. Treatment ranges from simple fixation of the fracture through to revision augmented with strut allograft.
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Vigdor, Steven E. Signatures of the Artist. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814825.001.0001.

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This book provides a nonmathematical survey of the past half-century of research in particle physics, nuclear physics, and cosmology bearing on the physical conditions that allow our universe to support the development of structure and the origins of life. These conditions rely on a surprising number of tiny imperfections—deviations from perfect symmetry (i.e., symmetry violations), homogeneity, or predictability—that seem mysteriously fine-tuned. The emphasis here is on the intricate tapestry of elegant experiments that have revealed and quantified these imperfections, as well as on theoretical efforts to understand how the imperfections arose in the infant universe. Among the topics covered are: the dominance of matter over antimatter (i.e., matter–antimatter asymmetry); the existence and intermixing of three generations of quarks and leptons; the stability of hydrogen and synthesis of other elements essential for life; the longevity and energy budget of the universe; the remaining mysteries surrounding dark matter, dark energy, and the postulated inflationary expansion of space in the infant universe; the fundamental role of randomness in quantum mechanics, in generating the first biomolecules and in biological evolution; the apparent perching of the vacuum state in our universe on the edge between stability and meta-stability; and philosophical questions, including the possibility of a multiverse, surrounding the interpretation of a universe that exhibits such fine-tuning. On all of these issues, the book clarifies what we know and how we know it, as distinct from what we speculate and how we might test it.
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Book chapters on the topic "Inc Nuclear Metals"

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Wang, Y. R., and A. W. Overhauser. "Phason Narrowing of the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in Potassium." In Anomalous Effects in Simple Metals, 509–16. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527631469.ch60.

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Wang, Y. R., and A. W. Overhauser. "Phason Anisotropy and the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in Potassium." In Anomalous Effects in Simple Metals, 532–36. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527631469.ch63.

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Winchester, John W. "Soluble Metals in the Atmosphere and Their Biological Implications." In Nuclear Analytical Methods in the Life Sciences, 195–212. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0473-2_22.

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Chaudhri, M. A. "An Accelerator Based Nuclear Analytical Method for the Analysis of Environmental Samples." In Radionuclides and Heavy Metals in Environment, 361–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0993-5_48.

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Hafner, Andreas, L. S. Hegedus, and K. H. Doetz. "53Cr Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Pentacarbonylchromium Carbene Complexes." In Advances in Metal Carbene Chemistry, 247–49. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2317-1_28.

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Chauvin, C., E. Sacher, A. Yelon, R. Groleau, and S. Gujrathi. "Nuclear Scattering Profiles of Polyimide-Metal Interfaces." In Surface and Colloid Science in Computer Technology, 267–85. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1905-4_16.

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Calvayrac, F., A. Domps, E. Suraud, P. G. Reinhard, and C. A. Ullrich. "On Microscopic Insights into Metal Cluster Fragmentation." In Nuclear Matter in Different Phases and Transitions, 511–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4556-5_40.

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Caniglia, G., I. Calliari, L. Celin, and A. M. Tollardo. "Metal Determination by EDXRF in Lichens." In Nuclear Analytical Methods in the Life Sciences 1994, 213–21. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-6025-5_25.

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Schomäcker, K., W. G. Franke, A. Gottscheck, C. Hartwig, A. Richter, and G. J. Beyer. "Physico-chemical Properties and Biokinetics of Tumor-Affine Metal (M)-Ligand-Complexes." In Nuclear Medicine in Clinical Oncology, 397–401. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70947-0_58.

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Raiola, F., B. Burchard, Zs Fülöp, Gy Gyürky, S. Zeng, J. Cruz, A. Di Leva, et al. "Enhanced d(d,p)t fusion reaction in metals." In The 2nd International Conference on Nuclear Physics in Astrophysics, 79–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-32843-2_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Inc Nuclear Metals"

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Kim, K. C., J. T. Kim, J. I. Suk, H. K. Kwon, U. H. Sung, and B. I. Yang. "Case Study on LBB Application for Field Fabrication Weld Metal of Nuclear Primary Piping Systems." In ASME 2003 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2003-2011.

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In order to apply leak before break (LBB) design for nuclear primary piping systems, dynamic and static J-R tests of field fabrication weld metal were carried out to determine mechanical properties at 316°C. For the reactor coolant piping system made by SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) process of the SA508 Cl.1a, the variation of J-R fracture characteristics with the loading rate of 1mm/min and 1,000mm/min was examined to prevent the catastrophic break under seismic loading. In the J-R test results, the J-R curves at 1,000mm/min are about 60% higher than those at 1mm/min. It suggests that the welding joints of the reactor coolant piping may be susceptible to dynamic strain aging at 316°C. For the surge line piping made by GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding) process of the SA312 TP347, excellent static J-R properties are required because the nominal diameter of the pipe is relatively small size of 12 inch. In order to examine the effect of carbon content in the filler metal on the fracture toughness of its welded metal, weld metal specimens were made by using 3 kinds of filler metals whose carbon contents were 0.050, 0.030 and 0.025%, respectively. In the static J-R test results, weld metal made by one of three electrodes satisfied the LBB acceptance criteria. Much better J-R fracture characteristics with decreasing carbon content of filler metal can be shown.
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Cowan, John, Christopher Sneden, James E. Lawler, and Elizabeth A. Den Hartog. "r-process enhanched metal-poor stars." In International Symposium on Nuclear Astrophysics - Nuclei in the Cosmos - IX. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.028.0014.

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Heber, Ulrich, and S. O'Toole. "Abundances of heavy metals and lead isotopic ratios in subluminous B stars." In International Symposium on Nuclear Astrophysics - Nuclei in the Cosmos - IX. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.028.0114.

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Rudland, D., T. Zhang, G. Wilkowski, and A. Csontos. "Welding Residual Stress Solutions for Dissimilar Metal Surge Line Nozzles Welds." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61285.

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During the last year, defects had been located by ultrasonic testing in three of the pressurizer nozzle dissimilar metal (DM) welds at the Wolf Creek nuclear power plant. Understanding welding residual stress is important in the evaluation of why and how these defects occur, which in turn helps to determine the reliability of nuclear power plants. The analysis procedure in this paper included not only the pass-by-pass welding steps, but also other essential fabrication steps of pressurizer surge nozzles. Detailed welding simulation analyses have been conducted to predict the magnitude of these stresses in the weld material. Case studies were carried out to investigate the influences to main weld stress fields with different boundary conditions, material strength, weld sequencing, as well as simulation of the remaining piping system stiffness. A direct comparison of these analysis methodologies and results has been made in this paper. Weld residual stress results from nuclear industry (conducted by Dominion Engineering, Inc.) and the US NRC (conducted by Engineering Mechanics Corporation) are also compared.
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Aoki, Wako, Timothy Beers, Norbert Christlieb, Anna Frebel, John E. Norris, Satoshi Honda, Masahide Takada-Hidai, et al. "Chemical abundance patterns of extremely metal-poor stars." In International Symposium on Nuclear Astrophysics - Nuclei in the Cosmos - IX. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.028.0210.

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Terada, Takaya, Kiyoshi Oka, and Akihiko Nishimura. "A Portable Laser Processing System for Maintenance and Repair of Nuclear Facilities." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-30638.

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We developed a new laser processing system to repair various damages of metal parts in aging nuclear facilities. The system consisted of some components; a laser torch, a composite-type optical fiber (COF), a quasi-continuous wave (QCW) fiber laser, a coupling device. All components were installed in a mobile rack, so we can carry it to a place where we want to use. The COF that had the hybrid-delivery functions of heating laser beam and observing visible image was proved to be very useful for accuracy wire-feeding in limited tubular space. A welding expert succeeded to demonstrate manually a line laser cladding on the inner wall of 1-inch tube, observing the work surface through fiberscope images. And also we succeeded to make clad layers in 1-inch tube by automatic control of devices. The clad on the inner wall of 1-inch tube could not be made by arc welding tools. We proposed to apply the laser cladding system to maintenance of aging industrial plants and nuclear facilities.
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Hadjichristos, John, and Peter Gluck. "Heat energy from hydrogen-metal nuclear interactions." In PROCESSES IN ISOTOPES AND MOLECULES (PIM 2013). AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4833686.

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Lipoglavšek, M., U. Mikac, Paraskevi Demetriou, Rauno Julin, and Sotirios Harissopulos. "Electron Screening in Metals." In FRONTIERS IN NUCLEAR STRUCTURE, ASTROPHYSICS, AND REACTIONS: FINUSTAR 3. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3628420.

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Tanner, John, Sean Ryan, and John E. Norris. "A High Resolution Spectroscopic Study of Eight Metal-Poor Stars." In International Symposium on Nuclear Astrophysics - Nuclei in the Cosmos - IX. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.028.0209.

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Wolf, K. L., J. Shoemaker, D. E. Coe, and L. Whitesell. "Neutron emission from deuterium-loaded metals." In Anomalous nuclear effects in deuterium/solid systems. AIP, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.40704.

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Reports on the topic "Inc Nuclear Metals"

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Miller, R. L., C. E. Easterly, C. E. Lombardi, I. E. Treitler, R. T. Winbow, and G. P. Zimmerman. Environmental assessment proposed license renewal of Nuclear Metals, Inc. Concord, Massachusetts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/446334.

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