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Journal articles on the topic 'Incarceration'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Andersen, Lars H. "How Children’s Educational Outcomes and Criminality Vary by Duration and Frequency of Paternal Incarceration." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 665, no. 1 (2016): 149–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716216632782.

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Existing studies of the consequences of paternal incarceration for children treat paternal incarceration as a dichotomous event (a child either experiences paternal incarceration or does not), although effects could accumulate with both the frequency and duration of paternal incarcerations. In this article I use register data on Danish children from birth cohort 1991, some of whom experienced paternal incarceration before age 15, to show how educational outcomes and criminality up to age 20 vary by frequency and total duration of paternal incarceration. The high quality of Danish register data

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2

Walsh, Sophie D., Bruce P. Dohrenwend, Itzhak Levav, Mark Weiser, and Gilad Gal. "Early adulthood psychiatric diagnoses and the subsequent risk of life-time incarceration: a cohort study." Psychological Medicine 50, no. 11 (2019): 1906–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291719002009.

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AbstractBackgroundThe association between incarceration and psychiatric disorders has been noted. Yet, existing studies are cross-sectional or examine the risk of recidivism, which has limited the predictive validity of psychiatric disorders as a risk factor for incarceration. To overcome this limitation, this study used a prospective cohort to examine whether psychiatric diagnoses in early adulthood predicted incarceration throughout a 30-year follow-up. It tested the association between psychiatric diagnoses with future incarcerations, their number and durations, controlling for education an

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3

Emmert, Amanda D. "Doing Time and the Unemployment Line: The Impact of Incarceration on Ex-Inmates’ Employment Outcomes." Crime & Delinquency 65, no. 5 (2018): 705–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128718779363.

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This study measures the influence multiple incarcerations and age at first incarceration have on the lengths of time ex-inmates are not employed and the amount of time ex-inmates spend looking for employment. Fixed-effects analyses of longitudinal data from the Rochester Youth Development Study (RYDS) finds a relationship between incarceration at younger ages and longer non-employment experiences, but no association between incarcerations between 23 and 32 years old and non-employment lengths. Meanwhile, these individuals who experience incarceration younger spend equivalent time looking for e

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4

Brown, Elizabeth K. "Toward Refining the Criminology of Mass Incarceration: Group-Based Trajectories of U.S. States, 1977–2010." Criminal Justice Review 45, no. 1 (2016): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734016815627859.

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The development of mass incarceration in the United States has occurred unevenly across American states. Prior time series, fixed effect, and case study research have failed to fully illuminate the determinants of incarceration rate change in states with varying patterns of growth. As a supplement to previously utilized approaches, the present research uses group-based trajectory modeling to consider patterns of incarceration rate growth across 48 U.S. states in relation to crime, political, structural, and institutional variables. In order to account for periodicity, group-based trajectory mo

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5

Schnittker, Jason, Michael Massoglia, and Christopher Uggen. "INCARCERATION AND THE HEALTH OF THE AFRICAN AMERICAN COMMUNITY." Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race 8, no. 1 (2011): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742058x11000026.

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AbstractThis article reviews evidence linking incarceration and health, with a particular focus on African Americans, who are disproportionately affected by the incarceration system. Although inmates generally suffer from worse health than comparable, non-institutionalized adults, this comparison is not uniformly the case, and some of the strongest negative effects of incarceration emerge after release, suggesting that the struggles of reintegration into society are as important as the conditions of incarceration. We review evidence for the basic relationship between incarceration and health f

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6

Zheng, Yongxin, Haotian Lin, Wen Liu, Dandan Wang, and Suying Huang. "Vitreous Incarceration in Patients Undergoing Second 20-Gauge Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Recurrent Retinal Detachment." ISRN Ophthalmology 2011 (October 9, 2011): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/456191.

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Purpose. To observe and classify vitreous incarcerations in patients undergoing second 20-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for recurrent retinal detachment. Methods. Retrospective noncomparative consecutive case series. Eighty-two consecutive patients with recurrent retinal detachment were included. The previous sclerotomy sites were examined by our sclera depression method and the vitreous incarceration were classified into Grade 0–IV by their severity under surgical microscope before second surgery. The relationship of vitreous incarceration and different ports was statistically investigate

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7

Zhao, Jingxuan, Xuesong Han, Leticia M. Nogueira, et al. "Associations of individual and partner incarceration history and receipt of cancer screening in the US." JCO Oncology Practice 20, no. 10_suppl (2024): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/op.2024.20.10_suppl.50.

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50 Background: Incarceration history is linked to limited access to care, including cancer screenings. Adverse consequences may also extend to their partners due to financial burdens and social stigma. This study examined associations of individual and partner incarceration history and receipt of cancer screenings in the United States. Methods: We identified individuals aged ≥ 50 years currently living with a partner who responded to the 2014-2020 Health and Retirement Study. Incarceration history was defined from responses to the question ‘Have you ever been an inmate in a jail, prison, juven

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8

Siennick, Sonja E. "Parental Incarceration and Intergenerational Transfers to Young Adults." Journal of Family Issues 37, no. 10 (2014): 1433–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x14550366.

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This study extended work on the consequences of incarceration for families by linking parents’ incarcerations to their material support of children entering adulthood. It examined two categories of support, parental transfers of cash and shared housing, that are known deficits among young children of incarcerated parents and that play important roles in young adult attainment and well-being. Propensity score analyses of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health ( N [Wave3] = 14,023; N [Wave4] = 14,361) revealed that previously incarcerated mothers were less likely to give

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9

Saadatmand, Yassaman, Michael Toma, and Jeremy Choquette. "The War On Drugs And Crime Rates." Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER) 10, no. 5 (2012): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jber.v10i5.6980.

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This paper analyzes the effects of the War on Drugs on crime rates. Many in the field of law enforcement believe that incarcerating drug offenders reduces crime. However, time-series analysis of four types of crime rates in the United States does not support this view. Using seven explanatory variables, including federal spending on the Drug Enforcement Agency, incarceration rates for drug offenders, and abortion rates, the results suggest the incarceration of drug offenders causes a crowding-out effect in prisons, releasing non-drug offenders and thereby potentially increasing, rather than re

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10

DeHart, Dana, Cheri Shapiro, and Stephanie Clone. "“The Pill Line Is Longer Than the Chow Line”: The Impact of Incarceration on Prisoners and Their Families." Prison Journal 98, no. 2 (2018): 188–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032885517753159.

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Incarceration removes individuals from their families and their communities, increasing the potential for disrupted relationships, community fragmentation, and burden on service systems. Based on focus groups with 38 male and 39 female inmates and interviews with 21 family members, this study identifies specific impacts of incarceration on prisoners and their families. Findings include prisoners’ and families’ perceptions of incarceration’s impact on their communication, health, mental health, finances, and involvement with community supports such as friends, church groups, and human services.

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11

Arenberg, Samuel, Seth Neller, and Sam Stripling. "The Impact of Youth Medicaid Eligibility on Adult Incarceration." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 16, no. 1 (2024): 121–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20200785.

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This paper identifies an important spillover associated with public health insurance: reduced incarceration. In 1990, Congress passed legislation that increased Medicaid eligibility for individuals born after September 30, 1983. We show that Black children born just after the cutoff are 5 percent less likely to be incarcerated by age 28, driven primarily by a decrease in incarcerations connected to financially motivated offenses. Children of other races, who experienced almost no gain in Medicaid coverage as a result of the policy, demonstrate no such decline. We find that reduced incarceratio

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12

Pathela, Preeti. "Incarceration." Sexually Transmitted Diseases 41, no. 3 (2014): 166–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/olq.0000000000000107.

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13

Shimoda, Brandon. "Incarceration." Capitalism Nature Socialism 27, no. 2 (2016): 100–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10455752.2016.1170323.

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14

Hawes, Daniel P. "Social Capital, Racial Context, and Incarcerations in the American States." State Politics & Policy Quarterly 17, no. 4 (2017): 393–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532440017720776.

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This article examines the differential effects of social capital on policy equity in state outcomes. Specifically, it explores the relationship between social capital and incarceration rates in the American states paying particular attention to racial disparities in incarceration rates. Building on work by Hero, I present a theoretical explanation and empirical support for how social capital operates differently under different racial contexts. I argue that social capital enhances social empathy in homogeneous contexts and social controls in diverse contexts. Using state-level longitudinal dat

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15

Ricciardelli, Lauren A., Erin A. King, and Meghan Broadley. "COVID-19, Mental Illness, and Incarceration in the United States: A Systematic Review, 2019–2021." Social Sciences 11, no. 11 (2022): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci11110521.

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In 2019, the viral pandemic known as COVID-19 touched and indelibly impacted the global community, including the United States. The impact of COVID-19 was particularly onerous for the US’s incarcerated. Not only is the United States the leading incarcerator in the world, but the the carceral system represents the nation’s largest de facto mental health treatment setting. The carceral system is overrepresented by people of color, people with disabilities, and people of lower socioeconomic status—with great overlap between these populations. In combination with tough-on-crime policies, the US pr

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16

Cindrea-Nagy, Iuliana. "“They Must be Brought to the Right Path”: Monastic Incarceration of Old Calendarist Believers in Interwar Romania^*." Review of Ecumenical Studies Sibiu 15, no. 2 (2023): 277–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ress-2023-0019.

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Abstract This study concerns the issue of monastic incarceration of members of the Old Calendarist Orthodox Church in interwar Romania. The practice of incarcerating individuals in Orthodox monasteries was common across Orthodox Eastern Europe, especially in Imperial Russia. Even though this constitutes a neglected aspect of Romanian history, monastic incarceration seems to have been a practice that affected the Old Calendarist communities during the interwar period. When the Old Calendarists were seen as a threat to the Romanian state and the Orthodox Church, the Holy Synod decided, in Octobe

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17

Spezio, Michael. "Automating incarceration." Science 373, no. 6552 (2021): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abj3268.

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18

CRUTCHFIELD, ROBERT D. "MASS INCARCERATION." Criminology Public Policy 3, no. 2 (2004): 265–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9133.2004.tb00041.x.

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19

Mackenzie, Doris Layton, Larry A. Gould, Lisa M. Riechers, and James W. Shaw. "Shock Incarceration." Journal of Offender Counseling Services Rehabilitation 14, no. 2 (1990): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j264v14n02_03.

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20

Kelly, Patricia J. "Mass Incarceration." Public Health Nursing 32, no. 1 (2015): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/phn.12185.

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21

Stemen, Don. "Reconsidering Incarceration:." Federal Sentencing Reporter 19, no. 4 (2007): 221–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fsr.2007.19.4.221.

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22

McCormack, Bridget. "Economic Incarceration." Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice 25, no. 2 (2007): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/wyaj.v25i2.4613.

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The adjudication of minor crimes has long proven onerous fordefendants. Recently, however, many American jurisdictions havesupplemented the “process” burdens associated with minor crimes.They have done so by requiring misdemeanor defendants to pay muchof the signifi cant economic costs associated with the adjudicationprocess, in addition to signifi cant fi nes. These include, for example, thecosts associated with electronic tethers, “reimbursement” fees to policeand prosecutors, and participation in court-ordered programs, amongothers. Assessed in so many different forms, such costs are not fu

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23

Salomão, Waly. "Incarceration Chart." Review: Literature and Arts of the Americas 39, no. 2 (2006): 256–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08905760601015207.

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24

Herbert, John. "Psychic incarceration." Clinical Psychology Forum 1, no. 318 (2019): 47–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpscpf.2019.1.318.47.

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25

JOSEPH, Biju, and Shilpa ML. "Beyond Incarceration;." Asian Journal of Human Services 28 (2025): 351–77. https://doi.org/10.14391/ajhs.28.351.

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26

BALL, RICHARD A., and J. ROBERT LILLY. "Home Incarceration: An International Alternative to Institutional Incarceration." International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice 9, no. 1-2 (1985): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01924036.1985.9688823.

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27

Dana, Daneshmand, Nokhodian Zary, Adibi Peyman, and Ataei Behrooz. "Risk Prison and Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Inmates with History of Drug Injection in Isfahan, Iran." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/735761.

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Objectives. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a health problem among injection drug users (IDUs) in prison. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association of factors of incarceration with HBV infection in prisoners with history of drug injection in Isfahan, Iran.Methods. In a cross-sectional study, all IDUs inmates were enrolled. Sociodemographic characteristics and associated risk factors were obtained. Blood samples were collected and serological markers for HBV were analyzed. For data analysis, odds ratio and logistic regression were used.Results. Of the IDUs inmates, 970 subjects participat

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28

Campbell, Douglas A. "Mass Incarceration: Pauline Problems and Pauline Solutions." Interpretation: A Journal of Bible and Theology 72, no. 3 (2018): 282–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020964318766297.

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The growing realization that the United States today is characterized by mass incarceration has begun to influence the interpretation of the Bible. This essay will focus on the influence of Paul’s letters on the court and penal system in the United States, especially the pervasive emphasis on justification (Rom 1–4) by which our penal system operates. This is followed by discussion of a more constructive model for restorative justice, based on the compassionate God in Romans 5. The essay suggests how Paul’s own incarcerations inform relational models on which ministry among prisoners should be

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29

Holaday, Louisa, Kimberly Stone, Brita Roy, Brie Williams, Albert Siu, and Emily Wang. "SELF-REPORTED WELL-BEING AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH A PERSONAL OR FAMILY HISTORY OF INCARCERATION." Innovation in Aging 8, Supplement_1 (2024): 999. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae098.3217.

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Abstract The United States has one of the highest incarceration rates in the world. Prior work has demonstrated adverse health effects associated with personal or family history of incarceration, but none has focused on older adults. We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the nationally representative Family History of Incarceration survey. Among the 1,114 adults aged 55 or older, we tested the association between personal incarceration and/or family member incarceration and overall; financial; social; physical; and mental wellbeing controlling for age; gender; race/ethnicity; in

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30

Charlson, Fiona, Bruce Gynther, Karin Obrecht, et al. "Incarceration among adults living with psychosis in Indigenous populations in Cape York and the Torres Strait." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 55, no. 7 (2021): 678–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867420985247.

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Objective: The relationship between psychosis and contact with the criminal justice system for Indigenous people living in rural and remote areas is not well understood. In this study, the authors examine patterns of incarceration among Indigenous people living with psychosis in Cape York and the Torres Strait over two decades. Methods: Data were collated from a clinical database of complete psychiatric records from 1992 to 2015, extracted for all Indigenous patients with a psychotic disorder from the Remote Area Mental Health Service, and linked to the Queensland Corrections Service database.

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31

Messner, Steven F., Jianhong Liu, and Yunhan Zhao. "Predicting Re-Incarceration Status of Prisoners in Contemporary China: Applying Western Criminological Theories." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, no. 4 (2016): 1018–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x16669142.

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Studies have revealed that self-control theory, social learning theory, and strain theory are useful in explaining criminal activity in China. Previous research with Chinese data, however, has focused almost exclusively on samples of adolescents and the minor types of offending that are typically captured in such samples. The present study builds upon prior work by considering the extent to which these three major etiological theories of crime can help differentiate between profiles of Chinese prisoners categorized with respect to re-incarceration status. Specifically, we derive hypotheses tha

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32

Debowska, Agata, Daniel Boduszek, and Dominic Willmott. "Psychosocial Correlates of Attitudes Toward Male Sexual Violence in a Sample of Financial Crime, Property Crime, General Violent, and Homicide Offenders." Sexual Abuse 30, no. 6 (2017): 705–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1079063217691966.

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Although those currently serving prison sentences for sexual violence can be identified and receive treatment, the number of prisoners with a history of sexual violence against female partners is unknown. Methods to identify prisoners with a proclivity for such violence and accurately assess the risk they pose before and after incarceration are therefore required. Here, we aimed to assess the level of sexually violent attitudes within dating relationships and to examine their associations with experiences of child abuse and neglect (CAN), psychopathic personality traits, prisonization, number

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33

Dmitrieva, Julia, Kathryn C. Monahan, Elizabeth Cauffman, and Laurence Steinberg. "Arrested development: The effects of incarceration on the development of psychosocial maturity." Development and Psychopathology 24, no. 3 (2012): 1073–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579412000545.

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AbstractImprovements in temperance, perspective, and responsibility are a part of typical development of psychosocial maturity during adolescence. The existing literature suggests that the developmental course of psychosocial maturity is influenced by normative variations in social context, but little is known about how atypical contexts, such as incarceration, influence its development. The study investigates how the development of psychosocial maturity is affected by incarceration, using data from a 7-year longitudinal study of 1,171 adolescent males. We compared the effects of confinement i

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34

Turney, Kristin, and Emma Conner. "Jail Incarceration: A Common and Consequential Form of Criminal Justice Contact." Annual Review of Criminology 2, no. 1 (2019): 265–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-criminol-011518-024601.

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Although jails are both common and consequential, affecting millions of individuals annually, they are a relatively understudied aspect of the criminal justice system. In this review, we first document the prevalence of jail incarceration, highlighting how jail incarceration has risen in tandem with the more commonly examined prison incarceration. Next, we describe the population of individuals in jail, paying particular attention to the heterogeneous and disadvantaged nature of this population. We document how jail incarceration is measured, demographically and in household surveys, and argue

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35

Norris, Samuel, Matthew Pecenco, and Jeffrey Weaver. "The Effects of Parental and Sibling Incarceration: Evidence from Ohio." American Economic Review 111, no. 9 (2021): 2926–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20190415.

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Every year, millions of Americans experience the incarceration of a family member. Using 30 years of administrative data from Ohio and exploiting differing incarceration propensities of randomly assigned judges, this paper provides the first quasi-experimental estimates of the effects of parental and sibling incarceration in the United States. Parental incarceration has beneficial effects on some important outcomes for children, reducing their likelihood of incarceration by 4.9 percentage points and improving their adult neighborhood quality. While estimates on academic performance and teen pa

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36

Mulenga, M., B. Bvulani, and L. Munkonge. "Risk of Incarceration of Inguinal Hernias among Paediatric Patients awaiting elective surgery at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia." Medical Journal of Zambia 45, no. 4 (2019): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.55320/mjz.45.4.207.

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Background: This study was conducted to determine our own institutional rate and risk of inguinal hernia incarceration among infants and children awaiting elective surgery. Inguinal hernias in infants and children are very common. One of their common complications before surgery is incarceration. Rate and risk of incarceration among our patients awaiting surgical care was not known. Method: A retrospective review of infants and children under the age of 17 years, who had undergone inguinal hernia repair or had incarcerated, from January 2015 to January 2017 was performed. Interviewer com

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37

Hardy, Jessica. "Parental Incarceration’s Effect on Family: Effects on Mothers, Fathers, Marriage, Children, and Socioeconomic Status." Canadian Journal of Family and Youth / Le Journal Canadien de Famille et de la Jeunesse 10, no. 1 (2018): 119–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/cjfy29345.

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The objective of this paper is to provide a qualitative analysis of the effects incarceration has on family members. Incarceration affects a very large number of families in the United States and Canada, especially since the mass incarceration between the 1970s and 2000s that occurred in the United States. Incarceration was found to have both negative effects on incarcerated mothers and fathers, and it was found to increase the risk of divorce. Children were also affected by parental incarceration by raising their risks of developing mental illness, engaging in delinquent behaviour, having neg

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38

Kozma, Chris, Michael Dickson, Jacqueline Pesa, and Carmela J. Benson. "Medicaid Eligibility and Time to Re-incarceration Among Previously Incarcerated Subjects With Schizophrenia." Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research 3, no. 1 (2016): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.36469/9845.

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Background: Many persons with severe mental illness qualify for Medicaid coverage. However, under federal law, states must either suspend or terminate eligibility once they are incarcerated. We hypothesize that prompt re-acquisition of Medicaid eligibility following release from incarceration lowers the risk of re-incarceration. Objectives: To assess the relationship between Medicaid eligibility and risk of re-incarceration among previously incarcerated schizophrenia diagnosed subjects. Methods: Study subjects were selected between January 1, 2006 and September 30, 2011 from a single state Med

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39

Young, Diane S., and Carrie Jefferson Smith. "Kept in the Dark: Exploring Children’s Preparation for Parental Incarceration and Reentry." Urban Social Work 2, no. 2 (2018): 191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2474-8684.2.2.191.

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Background:Parental incarceration is a challenging and pivotal experience for families. Efforts to prepare children can hinder or promote children’s abilities to adapt.Objective:This study addresses the research question: How informed and prepared are children for parental incarceration, family reentry, and re-incarceration?Methods:Fourteen young adults shared their experiences related to childhood parental incarceration and family reentry through individual interviews.Findings:Regardlessof the parent’s stage of criminal justice involvement – arrest,incarceration, reentry, or re-incarceration,

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Harawa, Nina T., Katrina M. Schrode, Joseph Daniels, et al. "Factors predicting incarceration history and incidence among Black and Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) residing in a major urban center." PLOS ONE 17, no. 3 (2022): e0265034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265034.

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We analyzed data from a cohort of Black and Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) in order to identify correlates of prevalent and incident incarceration, including potential predictors related to their status as sexual and gender minorities (SGMs). Baseline and follow-up self-administered survey data were examined from Los Angeles County participants’ ages 18–45 years at enrollment who were either HIV negative or living with HIV, but recruited to over represent men who used drugs and men with unsuppressed HIV infection. Multivariable logistic regression models were developed to identify pred

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41

Muftić, Lisa R., and Molly Smith. "Sex, Parental Incarceration, and Violence Perpetration Among a Sample of Young Adults." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 33, no. 2 (2015): 316–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260515605123.

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Limited attention has been directed at adult children with a history of parental incarceration. The goal of the current study is to expand our understanding of the gendered effects of imprisonment on the adult offspring of incarcerated parents through the exploration of violence perpetration among a sample of young adults. Congruent with problem behavior theory, it is hypothesized that young adults who have been affected by parental incarceration will report greater aversive outcomes (i.e., more risk factors and violence perpetration) than their peers without a history of parental incarceratio

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42

Blue, Colleen, Mara Buchbinder, Mersedes E. Brown, Steve Bradley-Bull, and David L. Rosen. "Access to HIV care in jails: Perspectives from people living with HIV in North Carolina." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (2022): e0262882. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262882.

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Most incarcerations for people living with HIV (PLWH) occur in jails, yet studies of HIV care during jail incarceration are limited. As part of a larger study to explore the ethical considerations in extending public health HIV surveillance to jail settings, we conducted semi-structured interviews with twenty-three PLWH with more than 300 distinct jail incarcerations post HIV diagnosis in 21 unique North Carolina jails. Interviews included questions about HIV disclosure in jail, the type of HIV care received in jail, and overall experiences with HIV care in jail. We report on participants’ exp

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Robertson, Ryan A., Corbin J. Standley, John F. Gunn III, and Ijeoma Opara. "Structural indicators of suicide: an exploration of state-level risk factors among Black and White people in the United States, 2015–2019." Journal of Public Mental Health 21, no. 1 (2022): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpmh-09-2021-0111.

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Purpose Death by suicide among Black people in the USA have increased by 35.6% within the past decade. Among youth under the age of 24 years old, death by suicide among Black youth have risen substantially. Researchers have found that structural inequities (e.g. educational attainment) and state-specific variables (e.g. minimum wage, incarceration rates) may increase risk for suicide among Black people compared to White people in the USA. Given the limited understanding of how such factors systematically affect Black and White communities differently, this paper aims to examine these relations

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44

Lee, Hedwig, and Christopher Wildeman. "Assessing mass incarceration’s effects on families." Science 374, no. 6565 (2021): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abj7777.

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In this Review, we assess how mass incarceration, a monumental American policy experiment, has affected families over the past five decades. We reach four conclusions. First, family member incarceration is now common for American families. Second, individuals who will eventually have a family member incarcerated are worse off than those who never will, even before the incarceration takes place. Third, family member incarceration has negative effects on families above and beyond these preexisting disadvantages. And finally, policy interventions that address the precursors to family member incar

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Jackson, Dylan B., Alexander Testa, Daniel C. Semenza, and Michael G. Vaughn. "Parental Incarceration, Child Adversity, and Child Health: A Strategic Comparison Approach." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (2021): 3384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073384.

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Background: Research points to parental incarceration as an important social determinant of child health. Even so, studies examining the health impact of parental incarceration in the context of diverse childhood stressors and adversities are lacking. Methods: The present study uses a large, nationally representative sample to compare U.S. children who were exposed to parental incarceration to a strategic comparison group of U.S. children who were not exposed to parental incarceration, but were nonetheless exposed to alternative family stressors and adversities. Results: The initial findings g

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Dragičević Prtenjača, Marta, Reana Bezić, and Marina Zagorec. "Vizura hrvatskog maloljetničkog kaznenog prava pri odlučivanju o maloljetničkom zatvoru i njegovu pridržaju – postoje li kriteriji ili je sve diskrecijska odluka suda." Zbornik Pravnog fakulteta u Zagrebu 71, no. 3-4 (2021): 377–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3935/zpfz.71.34.03.

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Juvenile courts throughout Croatia impose sanctions on juvenile offenders (juveniles). Their decision-making often raises issues of their discretion in deciding on the application of juvenile sanctions, especially juvenile incarceration and its suspension (Reservation of the Right to Impose the Sentence of Juvenile Incarceration), which can be a significant issue in terms of the uniformity of the juvenile case law. Therefore, the research sought to examine whether there are certain formal criteria for distinguishing the application of juvenile incarceration from its suspension (Reservation of

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Baćak, Valerio, Lars H. Andersen, and Jason Schnittker. "The Effect of Timing of Incarceration on Mental Health: Evidence from a Natural Experiment." Social Forces 98, no. 1 (2018): 303–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sf/soy102.

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Abstract There is growing evidence that incarceration is associated with adverse health outcomes, but little is known about how circumstances surrounding incarceration relate to health. In the present study, we estimate the effect of timing of incarceration on mental health using panel data constructed from the Danish population registry. We exploit a 1994 criminal justice reform as a natural experiment that created exogenous variation in the age at which offenders were first incarcerated: because of policy change, incarceration occurred earlier than it would have otherwise. For the three out

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Creighton, Mathew J., and Kevin H. Wozniak. "Are Racial and Educational Inequities in Mass Incarceration Perceived to be a Social Problem? Results from an Experiment." Social Problems 66, no. 4 (2018): 485–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spy017.

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Abstract The disproportionate incarceration of certain groups, racial minorities, and the less educated constitutes a social problem from the perspective of both policy makers and researchers. One aspect that is poorly understood is whether the public is similarly concerned about inequities in mass incarceration. Using a list experiment embedded in a framing experiment, we test for differences in attitudes towards mass incarceration by exploring three frames: race, education, and the United States in global context. We test whether social desirability bias causes people to over-state their con

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Holaday, Louisa W., Benjamin Howell, Keitra Thompson, Laura Cramer, and Emily Ai-hua Wang. "Association of census tract-level incarceration rate and life expectancy in New York State." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 75, no. 10 (2021): 1019–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2020-216077.

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BackgroundJail incarceration rates are positively associated with mortality at the county level. However, incarceration rates vary within counties, limiting the generalisability of this finding to neighbourhoods, where incarceration may have the greatest effects.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional analysis of census tract-level state imprisonment rates in New York State (2010) and life expectancy data from the US Small-area Life Expectancy Estimates Project (2010–2015). We modelled fixed-effects for counties and controlled for tract-level poverty, racial makeup, education, and population den

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Mulenga, M., B. Bvulani, and L. Munkonge. "Risk of incarceration of inguinal hernias among paediatric patients awaiting elective surgery at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia." Medical Journal of Zambia 45, no. 4 (2019): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.55320/mjz.45.4.199.

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 Background: This study was conducted to determine our own institutional rate and risk of inguinal hernia incarceration among infants and children awaiting elective surgery. Inguinal hernias in infants and children are very common. One of their common complications before surgery is incarceration. Rate and risk ofincarceration among our patients awaiting surgical care was not known. Method: A retrospective review of infants and children under the age of 17 years, who had undergone inguinal hernia repair or had incarcerated, from January 2015 to January 2017 was performed. Interview

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