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Isaksson, Hanna. "Incels : Ett framtida hot för kvinnor?" Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för psykologi och socialt arbete, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-41070.
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Karlen, Rebecca. "Incels : En kartläggning av diskursen på forumet incels.is." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-375254.
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Incel, en förkortning för involontary celibate, är en term som beskriver en person som anser sig vara oattraktiv och sexlös på grund av samhällets rådande normer. Denna grupp har dock gått från att vara en mötesplats för ensamma människor till en gemenskap fylld av kvinnohat, aggression, uppgivenhet och en önskan att hämmas. I den här uppsatsen görs en djupdykning i ett av incelsens största forum, incels.is, för att genom en diskursanalys kunna kartlägga vilka förklaringsmodeller som används på forumet och på vilket sätt incelsen skiljer sig från andra delar av manosfären. Det som framkommer är att det finns en spänning mellan förklaringar som bygger på en tro på sociala strukturer och mer evoulutionspsykologiska eller genetiska förklaringsmodeller, att incelsen lägger stor vikt vid utseendets betydelse för att hitta en sexuell partner samt att feminism ses som ett stort hot mot samhället.Undersökningen visar även att det finns en stark närvaro av maskulinitetsideal och att ömtålig maskulinitet kan ha spelat en roll i att rörelsen idag har en så hård och aggressiv ton.
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Wretman, Josefine. "Inte alla män - men : En diskursanalys om incels som fenomen." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-44224.
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Studiens syfte är att granska och utforska incels som fenomen genom att analysera dominerande diskurser och centrala komponenter på hemsidan incels.is. Studiens frågeställningar har uppkommit genom de främst dominerande och centrala diskurserna som upprätthålls på incels.is, vilka är: samhället, kön och feminism samt våld. Studiens teoretiska ramverk har utgått från en socialkonstruktivistisk diskursanalys med inspiration från den Foucauldianska diskursanalysen. Michél Foucaults begrepp makt, språk och kunskap har vidare använts för att undersöka maktaspekten och maktlösheten som uttrycks på incels.is. Begreppen har även använts i syfte att undersöka språkets betydelse och vad som är tillåtet att säga och inte samt vem som har tillåtelse att säga något. Vidare har Yvonne Hirdmans och Raewyn Connells teorier kring genussystemet och hegemonisk maskulinitet använts i syfte att undersöka maskulinitetsdiskursen, konstruktionen av kön samt våldsfrågan. Studien har genom en kvalitativ metod och netnografisk ansats använt diskursanalys för att analysera inlägg på hemsidan incels.is i syfte att belysa vilka dominerande diskurser som kan urskiljas. Empirin till studie är publicerade i citatform och har alla publicerats under mars månad 2021. Uppsatsens resultat har visat på att användarna på incels.is upplever att resten av världen är emot dem samt att de inte får plats i den socialistiska och feministiska världsbild som de beskriver. Användarna uttrycker vidare att det är feminismen och kvinnor som är skyldiga det upplevda förtryck som användarna upplever. Användarna uttrycker såväl stark misogyni, våld, hot om våld gentemot kvinnor genomgående i resultatet. Vidare visar även resultatet att det finns vissa mindre dominerande diskurser kring självhat, hat gentemot HBTQI-personer, rasism samt avvikande diskursen kring hur misogyni inte alltid är svaret vilka också belyses i resultatet.<br>The purpose of the study is to examine and explore incels as a phenomenon by analyzing dominant discourses and key components on the website incels.is. The study's questions are developed through the mainly dominant and central discourses that are maintained on incels.is which are: society, gender and feminism and violence. The theoretical framework of the study has been based on a social constructivist discourse analysis with inspiration from the Foucauldian discourse analysis. Michél Foucault's theories about power, language and knowledge have been used further to examine the power aspect and powerlessness expressed on incels.is. The theories have also been used for the purpose of examining the meaning of language and what is allowed to say and not and who is allowed to say something. Furthermore, Yvonne Hirdman's and Raewyn Connell's theories about the gender system and hegemonic masculinity have been used in order to explore the discourse of masculinity, the construction of gender and the issue of violence. Through a qualitative method and netnographic approach, the study has used discourse analysis to analyse posts on the website incels.is in order to shed light on which dominant discourses can be distinguished. The empirical data for the study is presented citation form and were all published during the month of March 2021. The results of the essay have shown that the users on incels.is feel that the rest of the world is against them and that they do not fit into the socialist and feminist worldview they describe. The users further express that it is feminism and women who are guilty of the perceived oppression that the users experience. Users express strong misogyny, violence, threats of violence against women throughout the result. Furthermore, the results also show that there are some less dominant discourses about self-hatred, hatred towards LGBTQI people, racism as well as the divergent discourse about how misogyny is not always the answer, which is also highlighted in the results.
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Lindström, Stina. ""Femoids are evil" : En netnografisk studie om incels språkliga praktik." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43554.
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The purpose of the study is to investigate discourses on gender and exclusion constructed in texts written on an internet forum by the group incels, and then to see if and if so how these could contribute to exclusion. The study's questions are centered on how constructions of gender are made visible and maintained, and how exclusion is made visible in the text. The empiric consists of collected threads from an incels forum which is then analyzed on the basis of a theoretical framework based on Butler's theory of gender, as well as in Fairclough's critical discourse analysis. The study is thus based on a text-oriented qualitative approach. The result has highlighted the linguistic practice found on the forum and thereby identified which dominant discourses that sets the framework for what may and may not be said. The texts have shown that these discourses are seldom challenged, whereupon the production of text consistently maintains constructions of, for example, gender. An analysis of the empirics has revealed that the texts consistently express patriarchal structures that position men as superior to women. It has also emerged that men and women are constructed on the basis of the heterosexual matrix and the texts have demonstrated a linguistic practice that constructs and demonizes women. The analysis has also shown a paradox in that the texts express an aspiration for a hierarchy based on the heterosexual matrix, while the users on the forum at the same time position themselves as victims of the ideals of masculinity. The result has thus identified a common protest against the ideal of hegemonic masculinity, while discursive practice produces texts that seek to pursue and achieve such an ideal - which thus becomes a paradox in itself. Overall, the results have identified discourses that dominate the forum and found that these are characterized by a linguistic practice based on misogyny, heteronormativity and incels as victims of modern feminism.<br>Syftet med studien är att undersöka diskurser kring kön och utanförskap i texter skrivna på ett internetforum av gruppen incels för att sedan se om och i så fall hur dessa skulle kunna vara bidragande till ett upplevt utanförskap. Studiens frågeställningar centreras kring hur konstruktioner av kön synliggörs och upprätthålls, samt hur utanförskap synliggörs i texten. Empirin består av insamlade trådar från ett incelsforum som sedan analyseras utifrån ett teoretiskt ramverk med utgångspunkt i Butlers teori om kön, samt i Faircloughs kritiska diskursanalys. Studien utgår således från en textorienterad kvalitativ ansats. Resultatet har belyst den språkliga praktik som återfinns på forumet och därigenom identifierat vilka dominerande diskurser som sätter ramarna för vad som får sägas och inte. Texterna har påvisat att dessa diskurser sällan utmanas, varpå produktionen av text genomgående upprätthåller och vidmakthåller konstruktioner av exempelvis kön. Vid analys av empirin har det framkommit att texterna genomgående ger uttryck för en patriarkal struktur som positionerar män överordnade kvinnor. Det har även framkommit att män och kvinnor konstrueras utifrån den heterosexuella matrisen och texterna har påvisat en språklig praktik som konstruerar och demoniserar kvinnor. Analysen har även påvisat en paradox i att texterna ger uttryck för en strävan efter en hierarki utifrån den heterosexuella matrisen, samtidigt som användarna på forumet positionerar sig som offer för de maskulinitetsideal som premieras. Empirin har således identifierat en gemensam protest mot idealet kring hegemonisk maskulinitet, samtidigt som den diskursiva praktiken producerar texter som försöker eftersträva och uppnå ett sådant ideal – vilket således blir en paradox i sig. Sammantaget har resultatet identifierat diskurser som dominerar på forumet och konstaterat att dessa präglas av en språklig praktik som bygger på kvinnohat, heteronormativitet och incels som offer för den moderna feminismen.
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Music, Irma. "Från ofrivilligt celibat till hat : Studenters attityder gentemot manliga och kvinnliga incels." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-55237.
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Föreliggande studie undersökte studenters attityder gentemot incels.Incels lider av brist på sexuell interaktion vilket skapar en frustration.De skapar separatistiska internetgrupper där likasinnade personeruttrycker hatet mot män och kvinnor. En webbenkät med syfte att mätaattityder utvecklades som datainsamlingsinstrument. Studien testadeför empati, personal distress och negativ attityd.Ett bekvämlighetsurvalanvändes där urvalet bestod av 147 respondenter i åldrarna 18-52 (M =1.67, SD = 0.50). Totalt deltog 51 män (34.7%) och 96 kvinnor (65.3%).2 x 2 variansanalyser för oberoende mätningar visade attrespondenterna hade mindre empati, mer negativ attityd och upplevdemer personal distress mot en manlig än kvinnlig incel. Om attityderkring stereotyper eller tidigare negativ attityd har haft en påverkandiskuteras. Attityder gentemot incels bör därför vidare undersökas ochtas i beaktning inom det psykologiska fältet.
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Nelson, Mikaela, and Julia Andersson. "TO EVERY WOMAN WHO IS READING THIS: FEEL FEAR : En netnografisk studie av forumet incels.is." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Kriminologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-36648.
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Incels designate a group of men who live in a state of involuntary celibacy due to their,according to them, appearance wise disadvantage in comparison to the ideal man. In recentyears a number of deadly violent attacks have been carried out by incels for the incel cause,whereupon the incel phenomenon has received increasing attention. The aim of this study isto analyze the worldview of incels, and how an online-climate that's characterized byglorification of violence and hatred against women in the worst case can motivate individualincels to commit violent attacks. Netnography is the method of choice in this study and hasbeen used to collect material from the biggest incel forum at the moment; incels.is. Aqualitative content analysis was applied on the material to code it. The results identified astrong community that’s been formed around the incels alternative perception of the world,which encourages violence, misogyny and anti-feminist views and opinions.<br>Incel, en sammanskrivning av engelskans involuntary och celibate, är en benämning på demän som lever i ofrivilligt celibat till följd av vad de anser ett utseendemässigt underlägejämfört med idealmannen. Under de senaste åren har incels begått ett antal dödligavåldsattacker varpå fenomenet blivit allt mer uppmärksammat. Syftet med studien är attundersöka den världsbild incels besitter, samt hur det våldsglorifierande ochkvinnoföraktande klimat på internetforum i värsta fall kan leda till att enskilda incels begårvåldsattentat. Studien har en netnografisk ansats som riktats mot det inhämtade materialet iform av trådstarter och inlägg från forumet incels.is, vilket identifierats som den störstaincelforumet. En kvalitativ innehållsanalys har i sin tur applicerats på materialet för attsortera detta. Resultatet kom att visa att det råder en alternativ uppfattning av omvärldeninom incelkulturen, kring vilken en stark gemenskap bildats, som i sin tur uppmanar tillvåldsdåd, kvinnohat och antifeministiska åsikter.
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Fornander, Lisa, and Maria Osswald. ""Världens nitlott att födas som kille tycker jag" : En netnografisk studie om fenomenet incels." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96518.
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The word Incel, which stands for “involuntary celibacy”, is characterized and mostly used by young, white heterosexual men. The phenomenon of incels has increased in size and become big over the past years and has now spread in Sweden. Incels has received the society's attention because of different acts of terror committed by men who define themselves as incels. The aim for this study has been, with Raewyn Connell's theory of masculinity, to illustrate dominating discourses regarding gender and sexuality connected with the phenomenon of incels, and illustrate constructed conceptions of being subjected. More specifically we wanted to investigate which conceptions and norms of gender and sexuality that were expressed in connection with the phenomenon of incels. We also wanted to understand how conceptions of being subjected are being constructed linked to the phenomenon of incels. To answer this, we did a netnographic study of the Swedish forum Flashback and studied threads that contained discussions about incels. Our collected empirics were analyzed by the use of discourse analysis. The main results showed that a lot of the forum posts were written on the basis of misogyny as well as racism. A clear conception of dichotomy between men and women also appeared, concerning biological, social and cognitive aspects. Further our results showed how incels, by using different explanations, construct a conception of being subjected by women, other men and society. Our study shows that further research is needed on the phenomenon of incels and about digital communities.
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Dahlbeck, Agnes, and Andreas Synnergren. "”Hon valde han istället för mig” -En diskursanalys av svenska incels gemenskap i utanförskapet." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-92439.
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The term incel refers mostly to white heterosexual men who live in involuntary celibate.Sweden is estimated to have one of the most frequent number of incels per capita in the world which has led the Swedish government to raise the anti-terror preparedness, as incels are considered a security risk. The aim of this study is to, with help of gender and exclusion theories, develop a deeper understanding of what this type of exclusion may result in and how new types of groups are created out of societal exclusion. To answer this, a discourse analysis of two threads on the Swedish forum Flashback was made and the chosen threads were designed so incels themselves could discuss their opinions and experiences. Previous research shows that societal exclusion results in health problems, hatred and distancing from women, which motivates the need for this study. The results showed that incels maintain bad boys as the hegemonic masculinity through legitimizing it themselves and that incels can be seen as a separate type of masculinity. Incel, as masculinity, is based and dependent on men experiencing exclusion from society and the sexual market. In order to be included in the community and be allowed to call oneself an incel, the individual must be recognized by an already legitimate incel. If the individual does not meet the criteria for being an incel, he is quickly rejected and discredited by the incel community.<br>Begreppet incel syftar till största del på vita heterosexuella män som lever i ofrivilligt celibat. Sverige uppskattas vara ett utav det inceltätaste länderna i världen, och den svenska staten har höjt den nationella anti terrorberedskapen då incels anses vara en säkerhetsrisk. Studiens syfte är att med hjälp av genus- och exkluderingsteorier skapa en djupare förståelse för vad denna typ av utanförskap kan leda till och hur nya grupper skapas ur samhällelig exkludering. För att besvara detta utfördes en diskursanalys över två trådar i det svenska forumet Flashback där de utvalda trådarna var formade efter att incels själva kunde diskutera sina upplevelser och åsikter. Tidigare forskning har påvisat hur detta utanförskap leder till hälsoproblem, hat och distansering från kvinnor vilket motiverar till varför studien har genomförts. Resultatet visade att incels upprätthåller den hegemoniska maskuliniteten genom att själva legitimera den samt att incels kan ses som en egen typ av maskulinitet. Incel som maskulinitet bygger på och är beroende av att männen upplever en exkludering från samhället och den sexuella marknaden. För att få vara med i gemenskapen och få kalla sig som incel måste individen bli erkänd av en redan legitimerad incel, om individen inte når upp till kriterierna för att vara incel blir den snabbt avvisad och misskrediterad av incels som gemenskap.
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Kjaer, Elvira, and Hanna Fröberg. "“Welcome to my unlikely existence” : En kvantitativ dataanalys av incel-forumet incels.net." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Centrum för socialt arbete - CESAR, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-412620.
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Syftet med studien har varit att studera onlineforumet incels.net för att undersöka huruvida medlemmarna vid forumet har liknande bakgrund och/eller gemensamma erfarenheter. Detta undersöktes med hjälp av på förhand utvalda variabler baserade på risk- och skyddsfaktorer tagna från riktlinjer inom socialtjänsten. Tidigare forskning har kunnat kartlägga en specifik rådande diskurs bland incels och uttryck av psykisk ohälsa hos gruppen men inte kunnat visa på gemensamma erfarenheter på kvantitativ nivå. Studien använder sig av en kvantitativ dataanalys som metod. Den vetenskapsteoretiska utgångspunkten för studien är kritisk realism, social exkludering och stämplingsteori. I diskussion av resultaten har social exkludering och stämplingsteori använts. Studien utfördes genom granskning av totalt 12 700 inlägg på online-forumet incels.net. I studien ingick granskning av 111 medlemmar på onlineforumet incels.net. Dessa medlemmars inlägg granskades för att sedan föras in i ett statistiskt sammanställt ark för att se vilka variabler som uppfylldes av vardera medlem. Det insamlade materialet undersöktes sedan genom olika typer av statistiska analyser såsom korstabulering med Chi2-test och korstabeller för att kunna urskilja samband. Vid utförandet av de statistiska jämförelserna användes programmet Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Resultatet av studien visade på en förhöjd andel psykisk problematik hos medlemmarna på forumet vilket sedan diskuterades och jämfördes med övrig befolkning. Resultatet visade även på ett samband mellan dåliga familjeförhållanden och psykisk problematik hos medlemmarna på incels.net.
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Hoffmann, Evelina, and Elin Åberg. "“BEKRÄFTELSE FRÅN KVINNOR ÄR INGET SKÄMT” : EN STUDIE OM INCELS FÖRESTÄLLNINGAR OM MASKULINITET OCH INTIMA RELATIONER." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för socialt arbete (SA), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43000.
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Tidigare forskning har främst belyst incels i relation till våld och radikalisering. Förhållandevis lite akademisk uppmärksamhet har tillägnats det som kan förstås som kärnan av incelgemenskapen; avsaknaden av intima relationer. Följande studie ämnar fylla detta tomrum genom att undersöka incels föreställningar om maskulinitet och intima relationer, samt hur de kan förstås i relation till teoretiska perspektiv på maskulinitet och sexualitet. Studien utgår från en kvalitativ metod med en socialkonstruktivistisk forskningsansats. Materialinsamlingen har skett i form av ett tidsbaserat urval där skrivna inlägg från de tre internationellt största diskussionsforumen för incels inhämtades, vid tre olika tillfällen. Alla foruminlägg som publicerades inom en specifik timme inkluderades i urvalet. Empirin bearbetades med en induktiv konventionell innehållsanalys. De teoretiska perspektiven utgår från hegemonisk maskulinitet, och en utveckling av Bourdieus begrepp om fysiskt kapital. Erotiskt kapital användes som kompletterande teoretiskt begrepp. De övergripande resultaten visar att många av personerna på incelforumen förhåller sig till två föreställda strukturer inom vilka intima relationer antas uppstå. Den ena strukturen utgår från en föreställd maskulinitetshierarki där endast män med hegemonisk status antas kunna inleda intima relationer med kvinnor. Den andra strukturen består av en föreställd sexuell marknad där medlemmarna menar att kvinnor strävar efter att inleda relationer med attraktiva och framgångsrika män. Personerna på incelforumen försöker utveckla och etablera strategier för att uppnå en överordnad position i maskulinitetshierarkin och på den sexuella marknaden. Syftet med att avancera inom hierarkierna utgår från en föreställning om att endast en överordnad position kan möjliggöra intima relationer.<br>Previous research has placed incels in relation to violence and radicalization. Relatively little academic attention has been paid to what can be seen as the essence of the community; the lack of intimate relationships. The following study aims to close this gap by exploring how incels view masculinity and intimate relationships, and how this view relates to theoretical perspectives on sexuality and masculinity. This study is based on a qualitative method with a social constructivist approach. Data was collected in the form of a time-based sample where written posts from the three largest international forums for incels were collected on three different occasions. At each occasion all forum posts that were created or updated within a chosen specific hour were included in the sample. The material was processed using an inductive conventional content analysis. The theoretical perspective is based on hegemonic masculinity, and a development of Bourdieu's concept of physical capital. Erotic capital was used as a complementary theoretical concept. The overall results show that people on the incel forums relate to two imagined structures within which intimate relationships are assumed to arise. One structure is based on an imagined masculinity hierarchy where only men with hegemonic status are assumed to be able to initiate intimate relationships with women. The second structure consists of an imagined sexual market where forum members believe that women strive to initiate relationships with attractive and successful men. The people on the incel forums try to develop and establish strategies to achieve a superior position in the masculinity hierarchy and on the sexual market. The purpose of advancing within the hierarchies is based on the notion that only a superior position can enable intimate relationships.
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Ömar, Amanda. "Den ofrivilliga ensamheten i den ensamma frivilligheten… : En etnografisk studie om incels-fenomenet i det svenska samhället." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kulturantropologi och etnologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-432690.
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Ensamhet blir allt mer normalt i det svenska samhället, paradoxalt nog är det inte normativt att vara ensam. Det blir tydligt när det kommer till unga mäns intersubjektiva förståelse för ensamhet och hur det uttrycks på Flashbacks incels-forum. Denna uppsats syftar till att genom antropologiska metoder och men en socialkonstruktivistisk analys med förankring i kritisk mansforskning och queerteori utforska incels uttryckta upplevelse av ensamhet i det svenska samhället. Det finns samhällsstrukturer om relationskapande och maskulinitet som skapar, påverkar och reproducerar ensamhet, vilket denna studie avser att förstå. Incel-fenomenet ifrågasätts därmed i denna studie som en social konstruktion, det vill säga, istället för att utgå från att det är ett hälsoproblem eller säkerhetsproblem, så ifrågasätter studien huruvida dessa benämningar, och de diskurser som dem bygger på, återspeglar fenomenets sociala förutsättningar. Fokuset är således inte att värdera eller förringa incels. Uppsatsen bygger främst på intervjuer med självidentifierade incels och netnografiska observationerna från Flashbacks forum, vilket ligger till grund för analysen. Det huvudsakliga resultatet pekar på att det inte finns någon entydig definition av incel men att det existerar en tydlig bild av incels-typen som har olika associationer beroende på kontexten i vilken det studeras. Den uttryckta upplevelsen av ensamhet bland svenska incels varierar men gemensamt är att samtliga behöver förhålla sig till maskulinitetsnormer och heteronormativa strukturer för samlevnad i Sverige. De som inte uppfyller samhällets förväntningar utsätts för sanktioner i form av marginalisering, patologisering och exkludering. Vilket i sin tur skapar förutsättningar för unga män att relatera till incels genom genmanskapen av det lidande ensamheten frambringar hos dem.
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Auf, der Strasse Rosa, and Ebba Philipson. "My loneliness is killing me (and everyone else) : En kvalitativ studie om hur incels diskuterar våld online." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Fakulteten för hälsovetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-22212.
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Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur incels talar om våld, vilken betydelse våld har för incel-kulturen och incels identitetsskapande. Incels är ett relativt nytt fenomen, som ägnats mer uppmärksamhet i samband med ett antal våldsamma incel-attacker under 2010-talet. Attackerna har riktat sig mot civilsamhället, och har enligt Totalförsvarets forskningsinstitut (FOI) ofta föregåtts av att gärningsmannen spenderat tid på incel-forum (2020, s. 1). Denna iakttagelse om korrelationen mellan incelforum och incel-attacker föranledde utförandet av den här studien. Studiens material utgörs av 511 inlägg från våldsrelaterade diskussionstrådar på hemsidorna incels.net och incels.is, vilka undersöktes med en kvalitativ analys av meningsinnehåll. Resultatet visade att inlägg av våldsbejakande karaktär var mycket vanligt förekommande. Resultatet visade även att teman som kvinnohat, offerskap och icke-våldsbejakande ofta återkom. Det teoretiska ramverket för studien har varit en triangulering av Agnews teori om General strain, Connells maskulinitetsteori och Goffmans teori om stigma. Utifrån dessa teorier kan våldsbejakande diskurs förstås som en hantering av strain, ett iscensättande av maskulinitet och en reaktion på stigma. Resultatet i den här studien bekräftar till stor del tidigare forskning på incels, men det går att konstatera att ytterligare forskning krävs för att förstå varför incels är våldsbejakande, och vilken betydelse internetforum har för incel-kulturen och incel-attacker.<br>The aim of this study was to examine in what way incels discuss violence, as well as how significant violence is for the incel-culture and their identity. Incels are a relatively new phenomenon, which has been more closely examined following recent attacks perpetrated by incels. The attacks have been aimed at civilians, and according to the Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI), these attacks have often been preceded by the perpetrator spending time on incel forums (2020). This observation regarding the correlation between incel forums and incel attacks inspired the approach of this study, which aims to shed light on how incels talk about violence, and what role violence plays within the online incel community. The empirical material for this study consisted of 511 posts made on violence related threads from the websites incels.net and incels.is. The study applied qualitative analysis of data to examine the research questions, and the result showed that pro-violence was a common theme within the material. The result also showed that misogyny, feelings of injustice and anti-violence were recurring themes. Agnew’s General strain theory, Connell’s theory of masculinity and Goffman’s theory of stigma was used as a theoretical framework to analyse the material. Using these theories, the study explains the identified themes as coping strategies for strain, attempted staging of masculinity and a reaction to stigma. The results in this study confirm previous research made on the subject, but more research is needed to fully understand the ways incels talk about violence and the significance of violence within the incel community.
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Bjarnadóttir, Hekla, and Sophie Hanson. "“We are denied to be human because society sees us as trash” : Den kollektiva identiteten på Incels.co." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-416999.
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Incels, en sammanskrivning av orden involuntary och celibate, beskriver män som anser sig själva vara oattraktiva och lever ett liv utan sexuella relationer. De senaste åren har flera män som identifierar sig med rörelsen begått våldsdåd för att driva sin egen agenda. Incel-männen kan med hjälp av internet komma samman utan geografiska och sociala gränser och finna en gemenskap hos varandra. I denna uppsats står gemenskapen mellan männen i fokus och syftet är att finna faktorerna bakom Incel-medlemmarnas kollektiva identitet. De teorier som används är Meluccis, och Jasper och Pollettas teorier om kollektiv identitet. Studiens ansats är netnografisk och materialet består av diskussionstrådar från forumet Incels.co, det största Incel-forumet. Materialet kompletteras med text från Incels wikisida för att ge en bättre förståelse för det gemensamma språket. En induktiv kvalitativ innehållsanalys med öppen kodning används som forskningsstrategi. Resultatet visar att Incel-medlemmarnas kollektiva identitet bygger på genom ett gemensamt språk och symboler, liknande världsuppfattningar och erfarenheter. Det framkom även en fientlig inställning mot icke-Incels och en gemensam eftersträvan mot ett förändrat och förbättrat samhälle.
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Lindman, Molly, and Skala Ella Östman. "Bitterfittor och incels : En kvalitativ studie om hur konflikten mellan feminister och antifeminister uttrycks i diskussionsforum på Flashback." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-106210.
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Title: “Bitter bitches and incels” - A qualitative study about how the conflict between feminists and antifeminists is expressed in discussion forums at Flashback Authors: Ella Östman Skala and Molly Lindman The purpose of this study is to examine the conflict between feminists and antifeminists and how it is expressed on the internet through interaction at the discussion forum Flashback. We also aim to shed particular light to the antifeminist approach to the feminist movement in order to contribute to a greater understanding of the nature of the conflict as well as to gain an idea of the reasoning behind the resistance. Our data is collected through a qualitative method in the form of netnography where we observe six discussion forums online. The theoretical perspectives that are used in order to interpret the empirical data are: Wettergren & Jamison´s (2013) understanding of social movements, Gemzöe´s definitions of feminist orientations (2002), Mollwing´s definitions of antifeminist orientations (2021) as well as Brown´s (1988) theory about intergroup conflict and Allport´s (1979) contact hypothesis. Theoretical concepts that came to be crucial in our understanding of the conflict and its aspects were stereotyping, incompatible goals, collective identity and structural tensions. The results of the study shows that the expression of the conflict can be understood through the following three fundamental aspects: the occurrence of different perceptions about the significance of feminism, attribution of negative characteristics as well as stereotypes to each other and lastly, disagreements about whether today's society can be considered equal or not. Feminists tend to argue that the society we live in today still requires development for us to be able to entitle ourselves as equal, and the feminist movement is seen to be striving to achieve this equality between the sexes. As a result of this, feminists are assigned negative attributes by antifeminists, such as being annoying, incomprehensible and unnecessary. Antifeminists however claim that feminism cannot be equated with gender equality as the movement has undergone a radicalization that results in feminism being interpreted as a man hating movement that only favors women and therefore oppresses men. The society we live in today is by antifeminists perceived to be equal since a long way back, which makes the continued feminist battle unjustified. As a consequence of this antifeminists are, by feminists assigned with characteristics such as being misogynistic, conservative, diminishing and deniers of a major societal problem. The process of attributing negative characteristics to one another indicates that there is a will to distance themselves from each other that goes beyond the natural distancing that occurs as a part of the dynamics between two groups.
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Eriksson, Gustav. "Incels - kvinnohat i den digitala åldern : En tematisk analys av åsikterna om jämställdhet, maskulinitet, och sexuella relationer på incels.co." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-48695.
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Under de senaste åren har flera uppmärksammade våldsdåd kunnat knytas till en grupp arga, mestadels vita män. Dessa män identifierar sig själva som incels, ofrivilligt celibata. Denna grupp har också gjort sig ökänd genom att besitta extrema, sexistiska åsikter som de fritt delar med sig med varandra. Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka vilka åsikter dessa personer har om jämställdhet, maskulinitet, och sexuella relationer genom att samla in 100 trådar på ett av de forum där dessa män samlas och diskuterar för att sedan med en kvalitativ ansats tillämpa tematisk analys för att besvara frågan. Genom att återkoppla till studiens teoretiska referensram om sexuellt medborgarskap och hegemonisk maskulinitet så visar resultatet av studien att incels har en väldigt hierarkisk syn på relationen mellan kvinnor och män, samt mellan olika sorters män. En människas placering i denna hierarki grundar sig i sexuell framgång, vilket paradoxalt nog innebär att incelmännen anser sig själva befinna sig längst ner i denna hierarki.
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Stolt, Isabell. ""Det är så den mörka sidan av manligheten fungerar, tyvärr" : En kritisk diskursanalys av incels syn på den egna maskuliniteten inom svensk mediekontext." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och lärande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-40023.
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Denna C-uppsats skrevs under höstterminen 2019 på Södertörns högskola. Uppsatsens syfte var att undersöka hur synen på den egna maskuliniteten uttrycks av män som kallar sig incels i en anonym svensk intervjukontext. Min studie belyser en extrem och homogen grupp och hur deras syn på maskulinitet uttrycks språkligt utanför deras digitala gruppsammanhang där en egen särpräglad diskurs utesluter allmänheten. Det empiriska materialet har varit sex mäns svar i två artiklar (Expressen och Dagens ETC) där vardera artikel presenterar intervjuer med olika tre män. De intervjuas om sin bakgrund, sin ensamhet och den digitala mansaktivismen med likasinnade i internetforum. Alla förutom en av männen berättar under alias. Mina frågeställningar var: Hur uttrycker sig incels om sin syn på den egna maskuliniteten i en svensk intervjukontext i media? Är denna syn på maskulinitet representativ för Connells teori om fyra maskuliniteter? Genom en kritisk diskursanalys med textuellt fokus på nominalfraser framkommer personbeteckningar och diskursiva perspektiv som skulle kunna beskriva incels egna maskulinitet.
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Wiklund, Maria. "The misogyny within the manosphere. A discourse analysis in a Swedish context." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24615.
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Existing research about the manosphere and the subculture of Incels is primarily focused on the discourse on the American online discussion forums. After several high-profile attacks performed by Incels, resulting in severe casualties, the phenomenon of Incels has reached the mainstream media as well as public interest in the forums where members of the manosphere communicate. The discourse displays a highly misogynistic worldview, where the belief in a hegemonic patriarchy is oozing with toxic masculinity. The shared misogyny has also led to discursive interactions between Incels and the alt-right movement. Men are considered to be entitled to women, and a rejection is an excuse for violence. This study aims to investigate if the of misogynistic discourse expressed in the American manosphere as well as in the alt-right has gained hold in a Swedish context. Mainstream media, as well as alternative media, have been investigated and analysed with discourse theory. In discourse theory, language plays an active role in constructing the social world and discourse creates a world that looks real or true for the writer. The Swedish online discussion forum Flashback is where most of the communication seems to take place for groups within the manosphere as well as the alt-right and where most of the misogynistic context can be identified. Themes and concepts from the American misogynistic manosphere can be recognised and has gained a strong hold in the alternative media as well as mainstream media in Sweden. The strong hold of the misogyny in a Swedish context may display a risk for future violent actions.
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Bachaud, Louis. "The appropriation and circulation of evolutionary science in the contemporary US and English-Speaking Manosphere." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILH063.
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La manosphère est un ensemble de groupes d'hommes masculinistes. Ils sont unis par leur enthousiasme pour l'évolution darwinienne, particulièrement au sujet des différences femmes/hommes. Dans cette recherche, l'appropriation masculiniste aux États-Unis et dans le monde anglophone des sciences évolutionnaires est étudiée sous trois angles. Premièrement, une quantification par sondage de la culture scientifique de ces hommes révèle des niveaux de connaissance et d'éducation scientifique dans le supérieur assez élevés. Deuxièmement, par l'analyse qualitative de discours, les appropriations idéologiques des sciences évolutionnaires dans la manosphère sont étudiées. Cette analyse révèle que les théories biologiques du comportement sont disproportionnément appliquées aux femmes, d'une manière simpliste, ce qui crée une vision totalement homogène du comportement féminin. De plus, ces militants en ligne créent leurs propres hypothèses évolutionnaires pour expliquer le monde à travers un prisme darwinien. Cependant, ces appropriations varient selon les communautés, en fonction de leurs objectifs et de leurs récits politiques. Au-delà de toutes ces variations, on retrouve dans chaque communauté la présence de biais misogynes et d'interprétations exagérées ou erronées des résultats de recherche provenant des sciences évolutionnaires. Enfin, pour mieux comprendre les mécaniques du phénomène, ce travail explore l'acquisition et la circulation des savoirs scientifiques dans la manosphère<br>The manosphere is a collection of antifeminist men's groups. They are united by their enthusiasm for Darwinian evolution, especially around issues of sex differences. This research examines U.S. and English-speaking manosphere appropriations of evolutionary science from three angles. Firstly, it assesses the scientific literacy of manospherians with a survey, revealing relatively high levels of college science education and scientific literacy. Secondly, through qualitative discourse analysis, it thoroughly reviews the appropriations of evolutionary science found in the manosphere. Overall, manospherians tend to disproportionately apply biological theories to women, making for a uniform and strongly deterministic view of female behavior. Moreover, they also create their own evolutionary hypotheses to make sense of the world through a Darwinian lens. Yet, appropriations of evolutionary science vary between manosphere communities, depending on their political aims and narratives. Running through all these appropriations however is a presence of misogynistic biases, as well as exaggeration and simplification of academic research results. To understand this phenomenon better, this work finally explores scientific knowledge circulation and acquisition in the manosphere
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Engholm, Hugo. "The lack of looks : A study on the Incel ideology of Incelism during the 2010s–2020s and its relation to historical and contemporary ideologies particularly within far-right milieus." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-444624.
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The Incel milieu is known for its high level of misogyny, self-hate, and hate towards society. In recent years, it has received more and more scholarly attention and one topic which is often mentioned but rarely deeply discussed is if there is such a thing as an Incel ideology. This thesis argues that such an ideology exists, the ideology of Incelism, and this thesis strives to answer the question of how Incelism is constructed, and what relationships it has to other ideologies, particularly far-right ones. To answer this question the thesis has through a qualitative content analysis employed Michael Freeden’s morphology of ideologies which states that an ideology is constructed similar to a semantic field. Freeden’s approach, together with the theoretical frameworks of Eva Illouz’s research on how love and relationships have changed since the dawn of modernity, and the field of collective victimhood, has been used to analyze discussion threads pulled from the website www.Incels.co, the at the time largest Incel-exclusive online community. The results show that the ideology of Incelism contains five core concepts labeled “Hierarchy”, “Misogyny”, “The natural”, “Alienation”, and “Direct action”, eleven adjacent concepts could also be found as well as one peripheral. What was also found was that Incelism constitutes a thin ideology, meaning that it lacks certain aspects which needs to be borrowed from other ideologies, or that it needs to be hosted within a larger ideological construct. Through comparing Incelism to other ideologies it was found that it views macro-Liberalism, -Socialism and -Conservatism as ideological foes. It is instead within the milieus of the far-right Incelism finds ideological allies, potential host ideologies, and from where it has borrowed the concepts itself lacks. The results of this thesis show that Incelism is an ideology that is vast enough to support its own ideological field of core, adjacent and peripheral concepts, but that it still lacks certain concepts. An issue which is resolved by finding support from ideologies found within far-right milieus.
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Williams, Jocelyn. "Canadian incest autobiography /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 2003. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,177714.
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Bins, Katiuscha Lara Genro. "Adultos com defici?ncia intelectual inclu?dos na educa??o de jovens e adultos : apontamentos necess?rios sobre adultez, inclus?o e aprendizagem." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2013. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/3770.
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Previous issue date: 2013-02-27<br>Every human being is a collection of their biological and social context and so unique. I think that human diversity is still a little respected in educational environment especially when the characteristic of the difference is of the deficiency. The school is not yet prepared to work with the differences. Keeps on seeking and demanding homogenizations such as the students as learning. The EJA, even as a teaching modality of education that has basic inclusive assumptions, still can not work with and from the differences. In this educational universe are included adults with intellectual disabilities. The Adults with intellectual disabilities are attending adult education, but, in most cases, are not able to handle the contents and requirements that the traditional teaching still requires and demands. Many times these students stay in school for years, the same level of education, without improving. This way, their presence in the EJA is a challenge for teachers who need to respond to their demands and ensure a quality education. I believe that it is necessary to (re) congnize their knowledge and their potentialities, get to know how their learning work and hence its development within the school environment. While noticing some changes have already occurred, such as the right of access to regular educational system, it is necessary to go further and also ensure them the right to educational opportunities and concrete practical learning. I take this research a learning perspective throughout life, education as a right for all human beings, being these the principles that move me and that impel me to reflect and discuss about intellectually disabled adults included in EJA. Having thus main focus the person with intellectual disabilities included in EJA, I structured aspects to be studied and analyzed: his adulthood, because they are still seen and treated as "eternal children" and we must recognize them as adults; inclusion because ponder that they were included, more for law demandings than by beliefs and attitudes really inclusive; and learning, in order to (re) congnize who is the adult learner with intellectual disabilities, their organic deficits, cognitive and social, and especially what are their potentialities , respecting and using them in the teaching-learning strategies, because only then can be possible to think about strategies and opportunities for learning and comprehensive training. I conclude with the adequacy and inadequacy of education for youth and adults for people with intellectual disabilities, weaving a web of considerations about positive and negative aspects. By approaching them I intend to raise discussions and point out elements that I evaluate, need to be rethought, others who need to leave the theoretical universe and become practical realities, possible to be done. The research was conducted in a municipal school of Youth and Adult Education in Porto Alegre. I searched through the data obtained by observation, document analysis and semi-structured interviews, to describe the youth and adults reality of the education of with intellectual disabilities included in the EJA. The assumptions that guided this research are qualitative.<br>Cada ser humano ? um conjunto de seu biol?gico com seu contexto social e assim ?nico. Penso que a diversidade humana ainda ? pouco respeitada nos meios educacionais, principalmente a diversidade em que a caracter?stica da diferen?a ? a defici?ncia. A escola ainda n?o est? preparada para trabalhar com as diferen?as. Segue buscando e exigindo homogeneiza??es tanto de alunos como de aprendizagens. A EJA, mesmo sendo uma modalidade de ensino da educa??o b?sica, que possui pressupostos inclusivos, ainda n?o consegue trabalhar com e a partir das diferen?as. Neste universo educacional est?o inclu?dos os adultos com defici?ncia intelectual, mas, na maioria dos casos, n?o est?o conseguindo dar conta dos conte?dos e das exig?ncias que o ensino tradicional ainda imp?e e exige. In?meras vezes esses alunos ficam durante anos dentro da escola, no mesmo patamar de ensino, sem avan?ar. Dessa forma, sua presen?a na EJA constitui um desafio para os professores que precisam responder ?s suas demandas e assegurar um ensino de qualidade. Acredito que se faz necess?rio (re)conhecer seus saberes e suas potencialidades, conhecer como acontecem suas aprendizagens e, consequentemente, seu desenvolvimento dentro do universo escolar. Ainda que perceba algumas mudan?as j? ocorridas, ? necess?rio ir al?m e lhes garantir-lhes o direito de oportunidades educacionais e aprendizagens concretas. Assumo nesta investiga??o uma perspectiva de aprendizagem durante toda a vida, de educa??o como direito de todos os seres humanos, sendo estes os princ?pios que me movem e que me impelem a refletir e discutir sobre os seres adultos deficientes intelectuais inclu?dos na EJA. Tendo ent?o como foco principal a pessoa com defici?ncia intelectual inclu?da na EJA, estruturei as seguintes vertentes para serem aprofundadas e analisadas: sua adultez, pois ainda s?o vistos e tratados como eternas crian?as e ? preciso reconhec?-los como adultos; inclus?o, pois pondero que foram inclu?dos mais por exig?ncias das leis do que por convic??es e posturas realmente inclusivas; e, aprendizagem, no sentido de (re)conhecer quem ? o aluno adulto com defici?ncia intelectual, seus d?ficits org?nicos, cognitivos e sociais, e principalmente quais suas potencialidades, respeitando-as e utilizando-as nas estrat?gias de ensino-aprendizagem, pois somente assim ser? poss?vel pensar estrat?gias e possibilidades de aprendizagens e forma??o integral. Finalizo com a adequa??o e inadequa??o da Educa??o de jovens e adultos para as pessoas com defici?ncia intelectual, tecendo uma teia de pondera??es a respeito de aspectos positivos e negativos. Ao abord?-los tenho a inten??o de suscitar discuss?es e apontar elementos que, avalio, precisam ser repensados, outros que precisam sair do universo te?rico e tornarem-se realidades pr?ticas, poss?veis de serem realizadas. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em uma escola municipal de Educa??o de Jovens e Adultos de Porto Alegre. Busquei, atrav?s dos dados obtidos por observa??o, an?lise de documentos e entrevistas semiestruturadas, descrever qual a realidade da educa??o de jovens e adultos com defici?ncia intelectual inclu?dos na EJA. Os pressupostos que nortearam esta pesquisa s?o de cunho qualitativo.
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Melander, Karolina, and Rukiye Ekici. "Incest från ett behandlarperspektiv." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-155679.
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Studien har undersökt vad behandlare upplever är specifikt i behandlingsprocessen, i alliansskapandet samt hur behandlarna påverkats affektivt av mötet med barn och ungdomar i åldrarna 4 till 18 år som blivit utsatta för incest. Fem legitimerade psykologer med erfarenheter från barn och ungdomspsykiatrisk verksamhet intervjuades. Tematisk analys användes vid bearbetning av data. Behandlarna poängterade i resultatet brister i struktur och skyddsaspekt i behandlingsprocessen samt behov av gränser i alliansskapandet. De affekter som oftast framträdde hos behandlarna var negativa affekter som ledsnad och förakt. Resultatet visade även på att behandlarna efterfrågade riktlinjer och vårdprogram specifikt inriktade mot barn och ungdomar som utsatts för incest. Forskning är nödvändig med fokus på evidensbaserade behandlingsmetoder som kan skapa riktlinjer för behandlare inom området. Vidare behövs det forskning med fokus på hur behandlarna påverkas av affekter som uppkommer i terapi med barn och ungdomar som blivit utsatta.<br>This study has investigated what therapists experience is specific in the treatment process, in the alliance creation and how therapists were affected by affects in meeting with children and adolescents aged 4 to 18 years who were exposed for incest. Five licensed psychologists with experience from child and adolescent psychiatry were interviewed. Thematic analysis was used in data processing. The result showed that therapists underlined a lack of structure and protection in treatment process as well as need for limits in the alliance creation with children exposed for incest. Effects that often emerged from the therapists were negative effects that led to sadness and contempt. The results also showed that the therapists requested guidelines and care programs specifically aimed for children and adolescent who are exposed for incest. Research is needed to produce evidence-based treatment methods that can create guidelines for therapists in the field.More research is needed focusing on how therapists are affected by affects that occur in treatment with child and adolescent who are exposed for incest.
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Marten, Linda M. (Linda Mae). "Gender Specific Reactions to Incest." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331429/.
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The problem of incest is beginning to receive a recognition and research attention long overdue. Becoming more evident is the prevalence and far reaching effects of incest. Currently, little distinction is made between the treatment approach for males and females, yet research indicates differences between the two sexes. This study explores possible differences between male and female incest victims in (1) their moral ethic, (2) their self-definition, (3) the basis from which they felt compelled to comply with the incestuous abuse, (4) the reasons they believed the sexual abuse was right or wrong, (5) the reasons for telling someone or keeping the incest a secret, (6) how they decided whether or not they made the right choice, (7) the manner in which they have changed since the abuse began, (8) the content and degree of their own guilt and/or lowered esteem, and (9) the ideas they have of changes which could have prevented the abuse.
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Blurtsyan, Anna. "Incest in Ovid and Seneca." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.518052.
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This thesis examines the presentation of incest in selected texts in the Metamorphoses of Ovid and in the tragedies Phaedra and Oedipus Rex of Seneca. Previous scholarship has discussed incest in Roman literature from various perspectives, especially those of social history and literary criticism. This work offers for the first time a detailed study of the incest episodes in Ovid and Seneca, taken as a distinct group, and discusses questions relating to the main general themes, and, especially, the psychological and ethical dimensions of incest. It examines these topics through a close reading of key passages from the texts, taken in the context of the overall character of these literary works as well the broader context of Roman thinking about incest. The thesis identifies shared features in the treatment of incest in Ovid and Seneca as well as defining salient differences between them in these respects. It also considers whether there is anything distinctive in the presentation of incest in these authors when compared to the presentation of intense and problematic passions in these authors. The discussion brings out certain general features of incest in Ovid and Seneca and places these features in the broader context of ancient thinking about incest in Roman culture. The discussion highlights the fact that incest is seen by Ovid and Seneca as a type of erotic passion; this is partly linked with the importance given by these authors to the psychological and ethical dimensions of incest. Both Ovid and Seneca focus especially on exploring and trying to explain the nature of the psychological motivation to commit incest. This study also highlights salient differences between Ovid and Seneca in their interpretation of incest and explains these by reference to possible literary or philosophical influences and the distinctive poetic and intellectual projects of Ovid and Seneca. The most important point of difference between Seneca and Ovid in their treatment of incest consists in their approach to the moral status of incest. Seneca's presentation is strongly moralistic (though combined with a profound interest in the psychological roots of incest), while Ovid's approach is usually sympathetic to the incestuous lovers and is sometimes subversive of conventional ethics, especially through its treatment of the manipulation of names
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Olsen, Thomas Grant. "Novel incest: Negotiating narrative paradox." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289116.
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Novel Incest: Negotiating Narrative Paradox, investigates how representations of incest disrupt not only family relationships but narrative conventions as well. The conventions governing a narrative's structural movement from beginning to end are upset in ways that often mimic the destruction of family lineage that incest causes. Each narrative instance of incest marks reconsideration not only of Western kinship systems and, more recently, the discourse of bourgeois family structures, but also of specific aspects of the rhetoric of fiction. This history of family and narrative disruption is sketched in my analysis of such seemingly disparate texts as Daniel Defoe's Moll Flanders; Ford Madox Ford's The Good Soldier; John Barth's novels and non-fiction, including The End of the Road, The Floating Opera, The Sot-Weed Factor, Giles Goat-Boy, Lost in the Funhouse, The Friday Book, Further Fridays, LETTERS, Sabbatical, The Tidewater Tales, The Last Voyage of Somebody the Sailor, and Once Upon a Time ; David Lynch's films, including The Alphabet, The Grandmother, Eraserhead, The Elephant Man, Dune, Blue Velvet, and Wild at Heart, and the pornographic film series Taboo I--XVIII . My analysis focuses on author- and reader-centered interpretations and includes both formal and thematic analysis. Psychoanalytic and deconstructive reading strategies are employed to investigate the intersections formed between narrative, rhetoric, and desire. The common thread connecting these texts is their unraveling of conventions in order to restructure the possibilities for narrative fiction.
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Selahle, Phildah Lebogang. "Attitudes of incest abuse perpetrators in the Northern Province towards incest abuse and their victims." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2103.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. A. (Clinical Psychology)) --University of the North, 2001<br>This study is an investigation into the sexual attitudes of incest abuse perpetrators in the
Northern Province and attitudes towards their victims (South Africa).
Forty-two convicted male incest abuse perpetrators and forty-two professional males nonperpetrators (as control group) participated in the study. The Hanson Sex Attitude Questionnaire was administered to both incest abuse perpetrators and professional males ' nonperpetrator (as control group) to compar':' their attitudes. The questionnaire includes: Sexual Entitle ment scale, Sexy-Children scale, Frustration scale, Affair scale, Sex/ Affection-Confusion scale. and Sexual-Harm scale. A quantitative research approach was followed in the study.
The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze the responses. Compared to the control group, the incest abuse perpetrators showed deviant negative attitudes in all the scales : (a) endorsing attitudes supportive to sexua l en title ment, (b) perceiving children to be sexually attractive, (c) being sexually frustrated in their life, (d) confusing sex with affection, (e) minimizing the harm caused by sexual abuse of childre n, and (t) accepting extra-marital affairs.
Thus the attitudes of incest abuse perpetrators are significantly unfavorable to the victims. The researcher recommends psychological intervention for the perpetrators to help them adjust to their societal expectations. More job opportunities should be created in the province.
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De, Kock Yvonne. "A Jungian formulation of incest as revealed in a clinical case study of an incest perpetrator." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17353.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the present study is to provide a psychological understanding of the issues pertinent to the perpetration of father-daughter incest. An analysis of incest in the context of Jungian theory provides the theoretical basis. To elucidate the unconscious meaning of incest, the relationship between the incest impulse, symbolic incest and actual incest is examined. It is argued that actual incest constitutes a gross distortion of the individuation process and, due to its regressive component, a defence against total psychic extinction. It is, at the same time, a plea for rebirth. What emerges from the theoretical analysis is that the essential motivation for sexual union with an adolescent daughter unconsciously represents an attempt at integrating the anima in her positive, nurturant and 'desirable' aspect. A clinical case study is then presented in which these themes are elucidated and discussed. It is concluded that the understanding of actual incest should be located in a symbolic/developmental framework and that the unconscious meaning of incest has implications for psychological, moral and legal definitions.
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Coombs, Hayden J. "Pressure Loss Coefficients for Large Mitered Elbows with Diameters Ranging from 36-inches to 144-inches." DigitalCommons@USU, 2019. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7426.
Full textAbstract:
When designing a pipeline system, it is important to understand the pressure losses that will occur within the system. One common source of pressure loss is from elbow pipe fittings. There is extensive research available for pressure loss coefficients of elbow pipe fittings, but the research is derived from elbows with relatively smaller pipe diameters. The purpose of this research is to investigate pressure losses associated with larger diameter mitered elbows (36-inches to 144-inches). The dimensions for all mitered elbows considered in this research follow ANSI/AWWA C208-17 recommendations (AWWA 2017).
Due to the large size of the mitered elbows of interest, physical testing was not feasible for this research. Therefore, this research used numerical methods to determine the pressure loss coefficients of large mitered elbows, reducing mitered elbows, and expanding mitered elbows.
The results suggest a strong correlation that the pressure loss for large mitered elbows, presented in this research, are solely dependent on the pipe Reynolds number. The reducing and expanding mitered elbows showed the pressure loss coefficient is dependent on Reynolds number and the percent of reduction/expansion of the elbow. Tabulated data, graphical data, and recommended equations are presented to determine pressure loss for large mitered elbows, reducing mitered elbows, and expanding elbows.
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Kim, Shlomit. "Incest and suicide attempt in adolescence." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27289.
Full textAbstract:
Research regarding incest victims who attempted suicide in adolescence has received little attention although incest is considered as one of the most destructive forms of sexual abuse; and the rate of suicide attempts in adolescence has been on the rise.
This study employs an exploratory approach, investigating four female adolescents, aged 15-19, who experienced both, incestuous relationships in the past and suicide attempt in adolescence. Using an open-ended questionnaire, the subjects were interviewed and the recorded responses were transcribed and analyzed, using Glaser and Strauss' 'constant comparative method of analysis'.
The conceptual findings indicate that the incest victims have gone through a process comprising three stages: i) becoming a victim, ii) escalation of problems, and iii) the healing process. The transition from one stage to another entailed change in the victims' lives. These stages included a number of categories and properties with their types, dimensions and conditions. The data suggest that incest is associated with suicide attempt in adolescence thus, incest victims should be considered a high risk group regarding suicidal behaviour in addition to the other sequels of incest. The conceptual categories and the themes that emerged from the analysis have implications for social-work practice, policy and further research.<br>Arts, Faculty of<br>Social Work, School of<br>Graduate
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Kubo, Aiko. "Some thirty inches from my nose." Thesis, Konstfack, Textil, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-3700.
Full textAbstract:
This essay is written in order to better understand the relationship between the air around body (bubbles) and the external environment. Bubbles are explored as a mixture of feelings, emotions, imagination and thoughts, which we carry with us and which are formed by our perception of our environments. I will suggest that the formation of our bubbles is different at every moment, depending on how we feel about our external situation. Bubbles are used in the protection of ourselves, as the invisible wall that forms our territory. Within this essay I attempt to put forward the notion that we live in our own interpretations of our environments. Through a close analysis of my previous work, as well as through an analysis of two workshops that I was involved in, and through a close look at the work of the artist Cocky Eek, I aim to lay the ground for the way I will work with bubbles in my master project.
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Diplacidi, Jenny. "Gothic incest: transgression and counter-hegemony." Thesis, University of Kent, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.591918.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis I will analyze representations of incest in the Gothic from 1764-1847 and argue that the genre's critical genealogy, beginning with its contemporary reception, has viewed the Gothic as divided into a male tradition or its female counter, and subsequently informed understandings of incest as having distinct meanings produced by their presence in works designated as male or female. Although feminist criticism from the 1970s onwards has demonstrated that women writers articulated subversive views in the Gothic, such analyses have relied on psychological and sociological theories of incest that frequently reproduce gendered di visions and fai l comprehensively to address the incest thematic. It is instead essential to do away with the genre's gendered bifurcation and employ a broad methodological framework that applies the insights in recent work by anthropologists, feminist, social, and queer theorists, geneticists, and legal and social historians to specific incestuous configurations. In so doing, I argue that the genre's complex depictions and disruptions of eighteenth-century ideologies of gender and sexuality are revealed through incestuous desires, threats, violence and transgressions. This thesis is comprised of five chapters that explore the social, sexual and legal anxieties underlying representations of incest in different family relationships in the Gothic and contextualizes these accounts within analytic lenses suited to the particular kinship bond. It examines the ability of father-daughter incest to offer female sexual agel]cy and to breakdown the exchange of women, and investigates the potential for equality in _sibling relationships that troubled contemporary ideas of desire and laws as ,inherent~y-natural or-unnatural. It explores the sexual threats of uncles towards nieces that literalize the female body's status as property, and how cousin marriage negotiated the changing status of family and the conflict between individual desires and obligation to the family as state. It analyzes how mother-son incest exposes the inadequacy of availab le gender and sexual ideologies to account for female desire, agency and aggression. Through these analyses I argue that Gothic writers use the incest convention in order to reveal the arbitrary legal, economic and social limitations on behaviour that are enforced by heteronormative culture and offer alternative models of family, sexuality and desire that counter the hegemony.
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McGuire, Kathryn B. (Kathryn Bezard). "The Incest Taboo in Wuthering Heights." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500863/.
Full textAbstract:
Contemporary analysis of Wuthering Heights necessitates a re-appraisal in light of advancements in the study of incest in non-literary fields such as history, anthropology, and especially psychology. A modern reading suggests that an unconscious incest taboo impeded Heathcliff and Cathy's expectation of normal sexual union and led them to seek union after death. John Milton's Paradise Lost provides a paradigm by which to examine the consequences of incest from two perspectives: that of incest as a metaphor for evil, as represented in Heathcliff; that of incest as symbolic of pre-Lapsarian innocence, as represented in Cathy. The tragic consequences of Heathcliff and Cathy's incestuous fixation are resolved by the socially-condoned marriage of Hareton and Catherine, which illuminates Bronte's belief in the Miltonic theme that good inevitably triumphs over evil.
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Hamilton, Andrew James. "Scale and the Incas." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11294.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation studies the concept of scale in the worldview of the Inca civilization, and was precipitated by the countless "miniature" objects made throughout the Pre-Columbian Andean world. Often relegated to the background of scholarship, scaled objects are not well understood and have exerted little influence on the academic understandings of the Incas.<br>History of Art and Architecture
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Axelsson, Robin, and Lindgren Sandra Persson. "The Languages of the Involuntary Celibate : A Study of Online Incel Communities." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-43004.
Full text
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Sangal, Nira. "The effects of incest on matrimonial consent." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6857.
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Bell, Vikki H. "Foucault and feminism : the case of incest." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20015.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigates the work of Michel Foucault (1926-1984), and particularly his <i>The History of Sexuality: An Introduction (THS,</i> 1981), within a feminist framework. It considers the usefulness of Foucault on both a general level and on the specific issue of incest. Incest has long been a topic of interest in the social sciences, but more recently its theorisation has been the preserve of feminism. In contrast with earlier sociological interest in the incest prohibition, feminism has relocated incest within the context of sexual violence. Exploring the relationship between the feminist analyses of incest and Foucault's arguments on power, sexuality and discourse, elaborates the subtleties of the feminist position. However, Foucault's work is also challenging to a feminist position, and as a result of the confrontation with his writings, a certain amount of rewriting of the feminist analysis is advocated. Although the passages in <i>THS</i> that refer to incest are few, incest is placed at a pivotal position in Foucault's schema. This thesis discusses the place Foucault accords incest, and uses his argument as a framework for thinking about the ways in which incest is spoken about and in a reconceptualisation of the place of 'the incest prohibition' in feminist analyses. The second half of the thesis moves to the field of law in an analysis of the parliamentary debates which have formulated the crime of incest in both English and Scots criminal law.
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Quiec, Christyn Lim. "A research paper on incest an overview /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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Heger, Paul. "The development of incense cult in Israel." Berlin : W. de Gruyter, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37659342b.
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Lockert, Laurie. "Friendship between women : the influence of incest." PDXScholar, 1987. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3738.
Full textAbstract:
This study focused on the mother/daughter relationship in father/daughter incest and how that relationship influences women's friendships with other women. Many researchers have concluded that females who were sexually abused by male authority figures, i.e., father, step-father, grandfather, older brother, minister, babysitter, will have impaired relationships with men. Clinicians surmise that the enormous betrayal of trust involved in the incest leads the child to generalize from her experience with one male to all males. Victims express feelings of distrust, fear of intimacy, and fear of personal expression in all male/female relationships. Studies suggest that in families where father/daughter incest has occurred the relationships between mother and daughter are also impaired. Most often cited is the distant relationship between the mother and daughter. Also discussed is the intense anger the daughter feels toward the mother for not protecting her from the perpetrator's abuse. Betrayal, in the form of the mother's inability to provide protection, often evokes more anger from the daughter than does the father's betrayal.
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Anticona, Cebrián Juan Pablo. "La Filosofía en los incas." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/6023.
Full textAbstract:
Revisa y hurga en los conceptos clásicos de la filosofía y en la cosmovisión occidental, revisa la similitud existente con otras sociedades contemporáneas a los antiguos quechuas, y finalmente llega a la cosmovisión andina (llamada incaica) de los siglos XV y XVI. Reconstruye su forma de vida, su día a día, para poder concluir, si efectivamente los antiguos quechuas, llamados incas, alcanzaron una filosofía, tal vez no como la europea occidental, pero sí una cosmovisión, un pensamiento digno de ser llamado filosófico, o si en realidad, fue un pueblo que no llegó a ese logro, por no ser de su prioridad o no serle necesario por otras consideraciones.<br>Tesis
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Pease, García Yrigoyen Franklin. "Los últimos incas del Cuzco." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/114102.
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Anticona, Cebrián Juan Pablo, and Cebrián Juan Pablo Anticona. "La Filosofía en los incas." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2017. http://cybertesis.unmsm.edu.pe/handle/cybertesis/6023.
Full textAbstract:
Revisa y hurga en los conceptos clásicos de la filosofía y en la cosmovisión occidental, revisa la similitud existente con otras sociedades contemporáneas a los antiguos quechuas, y finalmente llega a la cosmovisión andina (llamada incaica) de los siglos XV y XVI. Reconstruye su forma de vida, su día a día, para poder concluir, si efectivamente los antiguos quechuas, llamados incas, alcanzaron una filosofía, tal vez no como la europea occidental, pero sí una cosmovisión, un pensamiento digno de ser llamado filosófico, o si en realidad, fue un pueblo que no llegó a ese logro, por no ser de su prioridad o no serle necesario por otras consideraciones.<br>Tesis
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JAIME, SONIA. "Complications immediates et secondaires des plaies penetrantes du segment anterieur (limbe inclus, corps etrangers intra-oculaires inclus, sequelles eloignees exclues)." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO1M213.
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Phillips, Cecilie Anne Bannatyne. "Coping skills of incest and sexual abuse victims." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25505.
Full textAbstract:
Childhood incest and sexual abuse was explored in depth to determine
the coping skills used by victims, based upon their descriptive recall of these events. Eighteen adult women, who were group therapy members and leaders, were interviewed about their experiences as sexually abused children and adolescents. The critical incident technique was used to identify what hindered or facilitated the victims coping in the eighty-one abuse experiences collected. Each incident was categorized according to the identifiable stress, and the type of coping method used. Three categories of identifiable stress emerged from the data which were labelled offenders, significant others, and victims. Of these, the largest number of incidents related to stress created by offenders. In this sample, victims utilized direct action, inhibition of action, and intrapsychic coping methods, but not information seeking. Of these, direct action was most frequently employed. Independent judges found these categories reliable. Results are examined according to theoretical frameworks in coping theory and current perspectives on sexual abuse.<br>Education, Faculty of<br>Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of<br>Graduate
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Sylvestre, Michel J. G. "Heating and ventilation study of Inco's Creighton Mine." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0033/MQ64249.pdf.
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Grannis, Pamela Dillard. "Mental health professionals' attribution of blame in incest /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1985. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/8605249.
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Sylvestre, Michel J. G. "Heating and ventilation study of Inco's Creighton Mine." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30273.
Full textAbstract:
As near surface deposits are depleted, it becomes increasingly apparent that we will have to mine deeper in order to meet future world demand for metals.<br>Along with deeper mining comes its associated challenges: increased stresses and seismicity, increased heat load and increased inefficiencies due to hoisting constraints and travel time. All of these challenges, and more, contribute to safety concerns, higher initial capital costs and higher operating costs, which combined, can make deep reserves uneconomic.<br>In order to meet these challenges, we must closely examine present deep mining infrastructures and operating practices with a view to learn and enhance upon "Best Practices".<br>This thesis will examine the challenges of providing ventilation within deep, hot mines. Specifically, we will examine Inco Limited's Creighton Mine. A current expansion at Creighton will see mining progress to the 7660 level within the next few years. A key issue, which arises, is the question as to whether Creighton will need a refrigeration system or can it continue to rely on its natural heat exchange capacity.
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Jones, Ffion Wynne. "Relative strangers : father-daughter incest in contemporary literature." Thesis, Bangor University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432794.
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Liu, Miriam Mei Lin. "Issues in father-daughter incest intervention in Taiwan." Thesis, University of Hull, 2006. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:7054.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis centres on the perceptions of social work professionals involved in incest intervention in Taiwan. It is based on 39 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with respondents from three categories: social workers, social work supervisors and counsellors/therapists, from different regions of Taiwan, working in Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault Prevention Centres. The gender distribution of the interviewees, 35 women and 4 men, reflects the numerical dominance of women in social work. This study shows that the majority of the respondents were assigned child protection work without consultation, reflecting the hierarchical decision-making process in Taiwanese social work, overriding staff autonomy, personal preferences and training background. Child protection work creates high pressure and necessitates joint decision making involving all related disciplines. Almost every worker interviewed felt a high level of stress and a need for support in dealing with incest/child sexual cases, perhaps due to insufficient knowledge and inadequate training. The shorter the time frame they face, the more mistakes they may make. I utilized two theoretical viewpoints, including family systems theory associated with pathological behaviours and feminist theory, to elucidate how interactions between gender and power contribute to gender inequality in intervention outcomes. My findings suggest that the current child protection procedure in Taiwan raises significant concerns. These include time-constraints in intervention and psychotherapy, the sequencing of the procedure, and lack of gender-awareness. It seems the hierarchical organisational structure directly and indirectly encourages social workers to be overreliant on their supervisors in decision-making. The relationship between the supervisor and supervisee is often inadequate, leading to many supervisees feeling undermined and discouraged from growing personally in confidence. My study found that no one particular intervention fits all cases and the therapeutic approach chosen will depend on the circumstances of the case, based on the therapist's training background, individual personality variations and experience. However, practitioners identified 'sensitivity: 'accompaniment' and 'empowerment' as effective and important. Radical changes in attitude, an incorporation of a feminist approach, a gender understanding work culture and a clear resolve to make positive changes in the fields of education, practice and reforms in legal and hierarchical structures may resolve some of the difficulties the present system of social work practice in incest faces.
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MacIsaac, Fiona. "Functional analysis of INCENP, a chromosomal passenger protein." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12510.
Full textAbstract:
The chromosomal passenger proteins display a distinctive pattern of localisation through mitosis. In human cells this group currently comprises six proteins; Survivin, Aurora-B, Aurora-C, INCENP, TD-60 and Borealin. To try and understand the functions of INCENP, various truncations have been expressed. The N-terminus of INCENP has previously been shown to be essential for targeting to the centromere when expressed ectopically. I have carried out a yeast two-hybrid screen in order to identify proteins that interact with this region of INCENP. This screen identified a number of potential INCENP interactors. I have further analysed one of these proteins, FLJ14346. I have shown that it has a dynamic localisation during mitosis, associating with the spindle poles and spindle microtubules, the midbody during cytokinesis and then with the centrosomes during interphase. This protein binds INCENP, Borealin and TD-60. The interaction with TD-60 is of particular interest since no direct interaction has yet been shown between TD-60 and the other passenger proteins. In a separate study, performed as a collaboration between several labs, we characterised the role of INCENP in male meiosis in <i>Drosophila melanogaster. </i>This study revealed that INCENP was required for the maintenance of sister chromatid cohesion in meiosis. INCENP and Aurora-B partially colocalised with MEI-S332, a protein that is known to be required for the maintenance of sister chromatid cohesion in meiosis. My data presented in this thesis shows that INCENP binds MEI-S332 <i>in vitro</i>. We show that MEI-S332 is phosphorylated by Aurora-B <i>in vitro </i>and that mutation of the Aurora-B phosphorylation site leads to unstable association of MEI-S332 with the centromere.