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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Incendiary weapons (International law)'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2025

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1

Peck, Caroline. "After Syria: Potential and Prospects of Chemical Weapons." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1858.

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This paper examines the possible future of chemical weapons through an exploration of the origins and history of legal proscriptions on their use and the practical utility of their procurement and use. Past public misunderstanding of the extent of the chemical weapons threat, exacerbated by propaganda, as well as fears of retaliatory use motivated efforts to ban the use of chemical weapons. These prohibitions have had and continue to have weaknesses and loopholes that prevent their intentions from being fully realized. While chemical agents have a wide variety of applications and have several

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2

Lefevre, Peggy. "'Can International Law Achieve the Effective Disarmament of Chemical Weapons?'." University of Canterbury. School of Law, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/850.

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Chemical weapons are a threat to international security. According to an international convention, the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), all chemical weapons fall under a stringent and irreversible disarmament regime that seeks the abolition of the use and existence of chemical weapons altogether. The CWC is considered to be the first verifiable disarmament treaty; furthermore, it targets an entire category of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD). Unfortunately there is a gap between the legal requirements of the CWC disarmament regime and its implementation. This gap between the theoretical

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3

Parrish, Olina. "Autonomous Lethality: Regime type, international law, and lethal autonomy in weapons." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/25466.

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Competition for military power and national security has long relied on technological prowess. Autonomous weapons systems are often seen as the next ‘logical’ step in modern weapons development. The use of lethal automated systems – with some autonomous decision-making – is already a reality. These autonomous weapons face opposition from civil society. There is widespread concern that they will bring about inhumane and unethical forms of combat conducted by robots with no accountability. The Law of Armed Conflict provides a framework for ethical conduct in conflict. However, these laws w

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4

Itene, Moses Akpofure. "Problems of nuclear weapons disarmament in international law : legal challenges and political considerations." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2018. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/34780/.

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This thesis explores the legal rationale and political considerations for nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation of nuclear weapons. Nuclear weapons are the most dangerous weapons on earth. Only one can destroy a city, with the potentiality of killing millions and affecting the lives of a whole generation through its lasting calamitous consequences and jeopardising the natural environment. Nuclear weapons are normally classified alongside with chemical and biological weapons as Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) and their danger surrounds their very existence. Disarmament has been axiomatica

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5

Laing, Jessica. "The use of nuclear weapons under the doctrine of self-defence." Master's thesis, Faculty of Law, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/11427/31606.

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The lawful use of nuclear weapons in self-defence sits in a precarious and fraught position amongst lawyers, states and scholars, primarily due to their indiscriminate destructive nature. The use of nuclear weapons is the biggest threat to peace and security yet they exist under obscurity in International Law. The purpose of this paper is to examine at what point, and under what circumstances, a State is lawfully permitted to use nuclear weapons in self-defence. The right to self-defence is a basic normative right codified in the United Nations Charter (UN Charter). The inherent right to self-

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6

Jefferson, Catherine. "The Taboo of Chemical and Biological Weapons : Nature, Norms and International Law." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.506941.

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7

Busuttil, James J. "Naval weapons systems and the contemporary law of war /." Oxford : Clarendon press, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37552708d.

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8

Watzlawick, Annatina. "An analysis of the choice and use of weapons by Russia and Georgia in the 2008 South Ossetia conflict." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20804.

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In this minor dissertation, the use and choice of weapons employed during the armed conflict between Georgia and Russia in 2008 over South Ossetia will be analysed. Due to the fact that cluster munitions were used by both parties, and that they are a controversial weapon with regard the principles regulating the use and choice of weapons, section I of this dissertation will focus on them and their regulation in international law. Section II will focus on the facts concerning the 2008 conflict over and South Ossetia. Section III will look at the international humanitarian laws applicable and re

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9

Jabbari, Gharabagh Mansour. "Use of weapons against civil aircraft : case study of IR655 in the light of international law." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69534.

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Iran Air Flight 655 was terminated by two missile attack on July 3, 1988. The aim of this study is to analyze the aeronautical incident of July 3, 1988 (IR655) from the point of view of general international law and air law. Specific attention is given to the consideration of the case by the Council of ICAO, the legal coordination of civil/military flight operation and the legal status of NOTAM.<br>The study also comments on the concept of self-defense in international law and responsibility of state.<br>The conclusion outlines the scope of the decision of the Council and compares it with the

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10

Powell, Maria Elena. "The evolution of international restraints on chemical weapons and land mines : the interplay between international humanitarian law and arms control." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15359.

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Weapons are acquired to protect the national security interests of the state: they may be used to settle disputes between one state and another, or they are accumulated as a defensive precaution to dissuade any future or offensive military action. Quite often, weapons are used in great quantities in various internal conflicts to the detriment of the individual, both civilian and combatant. Over time, the international community has developed certain humanitarian principles, norms, treaties and control mechanisms to reduce tensions between states, and to lessen the consequences of unrestrained

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11

Schaefer, Agnes Gereben Lambright W. Henry. "The role of transnational non-governmental organizations in the disposition of chemical and nuclear weapons in the United States: a comparative analysis." Related Electronic Resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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12

Wood, John Randolph. "Mitigating proliferation : an assessment of nonproliferation institutions, international law, and preemptive counterproliferation intervention /." Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2004.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 2004.<br>Submitted to the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 271-290). Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;

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13

Gouin, Margaret E. "Nuclear law: The applicability of Canadian and related international public law principles to litigating the issue of nuclear weapons in Canadian courts." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5597.

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The purpose of this thesis is to examine questions of substantive law raised by the prospect of bringing the issue of nuclear weapons before a Canadian court. First, the history of litigation of nuclear issues since 1945 will be reviewed. Next, the relevant principles of international law will be examined for their application, either direct or indirect, to nuclear weapons issues. Other areas of international public law, such as environmental law, human rights law and international criminal law, will also be examined to see how they may be applied to nuclear weapons. In addition, consideration

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Mhone, Peggy S. "Africa's contribution to the humanitarian approach of nuclear weapons disarmament : Pelindaba Treaty." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5269.

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Magister Administrationis - MAdmin<br>This thesis attempts to assess the role Africa has played to further the humanitarian approach to nuclear weapons disarmament. Particular focus is on the Pelindaba Treaty and whether it has been able to strengthen the call for disarmament based on the humanitarian approach. The findings of this research are that the Pelindaba treaty did contribute indirectly to the strengthening of the humanitarian initiative of nuclear weapons disarmament because the Treaty serves as an important contribution towards the achievement of a world without nuclear weapons, whi

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Naidoo, Ramola. "The legal relationship between the United States of America and the United Kingdom with regard to nuclear weapons." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319476.

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16

Mirzaei, Yengejeh Saeid. "Law-Making by the Security Council in Areas of Counter-Terrorism and Non-Proliferation of Weapons of Mass-Destruction." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35536.

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The purpose of this thesis is to determine whether the Security Council has opened a new avenue for law-making at the international level by adopting resolutions under Chapter VII of the UN Charter which create new norms of international law or modify international norms already in force (the normative resolutions). The normative resolutions analyzed in this study pertain to the areas of counterterrorism and the non-proliferation of weapons of mass-destruction. The new approach of the Security Council has been examined in light of the Third World Approaches in International law (TWAIL), as wel

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Terry, Patrick. "US-Iran relations in international law since 1979 hostages, oil platforms, nuclear weapons and the use of force." Rangendingen (Hechingen) Libertas, 2008. http://d-nb.info/993662307/04.

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18

Shefloe, Scott. "The proliferation security initiative and United Nations Security Resolution 1540: international law and the world's recent efforts to combat proliferation of weapons of mass destruction." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21991.

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Efforts to combat the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) have existed ever since the first WMD were created. In recent years, the proliferation of WMD has been recognized as a threat to international peace and security. The recognition of this threat led to recent efforts by the international community to create two new mechanisms for combating the proliferation of WMD. The new mechanisms are the Proliferation Security Initiative and United Nations Security Council Resolution 1540. These new mechanisms were instituted to fill gaps in the existing nonproliferation regime, th

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Simantirakis, Christina. "The Cuban shoot-down of two US-registered civil aircraft on 24 February 1996 : study of a new case of use of weapons against civil aircraft." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33367.

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On 24 February 1996, two US-registered civil aircraft operated by members of the anti-Castro organisation Brothers to the Rescue were shot down by Cuban fighters. This action was denounced by the United States and the majority of the international community on the grounds that international air law, as reflected in Article 3bis of the Chicago Convention, prohibits the use of force against civil aircraft. However, at the time of the incident, the 1984 Protocol introducing Article 3bis in the Chicago Convention was not in force nor had it been ratified by Cuba or the United States. This thesis w

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Kiugu, Aphaxard M. "The proliferation and illicit trafficking of small arms and light weapons in the Great Lakes and Horn of Africa." Fort Leavenworth, KS : US Army Command and General Staff College, 2007. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA471369.

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Clegg, E., Owen J. Greene, S. Meek, and G. O'Callaghan. "Regional initiatives and the UN 2001 Conference: Building Mutual Support and Complementarity." Thesis, British American Security Information Council (BASIC), International Alert and Saferworld, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4236.

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yes<br>As the agenda for the United Nations (UN) 2001 Conference on The Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons in All Its Aspects takes shape, governments should begin to identify a set of standards, mechanisms and specific agreements that will help consolidate, reinforce and co-ordinate regional and national measures to address the problem of the proliferation and misuse of small arms. An important element of this approach will be to build upon the wealth of regional and national experiences and perspectives that illustrate the different contexts in which efforts to combat the pro

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Bryden, Alan C. "Examining the effectiveness of international landmine regimes. The interplay between design and implementation." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4905.

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Two international treaty frameworks ¿ Amended Protocol II (APII) to the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons and the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention (APMBC) ¿ have been developed to prohibit or restrict the use of landmines. However, reflecting a gap in current academic research, there is a lack of knowledge of their effectiveness in supporting the humanitarian goals that underpin both treaties. In order to address gaps in the existing literature, this thesis applies an analytical framework grounded in regime theory to develop new insights into the design, implementation and effective

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Bryden, Alan Craig. "Examining the effectiveness of international landmine regimes : the interplay between design and implementation." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4905.

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Two international treaty frameworks - Amended Protocol II (APII) to the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons and the Anti-Personnel Mine Ban Convention (APMBC) - have been developed to prohibit or restrict the use of landmines. However, reflecting a gap in current academic research, there is a lack of knowledge of their effectiveness in supporting the humanitarian goals that underpin both treaties. In order to address gaps in the existing literature, this thesis applies an analytical framework grounded in regime theory to develop new insights into the design, implementation and effective

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24

Saldner, Simon. "Stopping Destructive Arms Proliferation: How the Arms Trade Treaty can improve peace and security by introducing the first international regulations on transfers of conventional arms." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22366.

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This thesis explores how the newly adopted Arms Trade Treaty (ATT), the first internationaltreaty to regulate the trade in conventional arms, can address the issue of the illegal andirresponsible proliferation of small arms and lights weapons (SALW) and improve peace andsecurity. By far the most commonly used weapons in modern conflicts, SALW and theireffects mainly on intrastate conflicts, I argue, are the most important issues for the ATT toaddress. Being one of the prime sources of fuel for, and even cause of, the new trend ofincreasingly deadly and destructive intrastate conflicts today, c

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Anyikame, Hans Awuru. "The role and effect of small arms in the recruitment of child soldiers in Africa: can the international law be strengthened?" Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5815_1365584973.

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<p>It is an unfortunate and cruel reality that both government and armed groups used child soldiers during armed conflict. Child soldiers have become an integral part of government forces as well as insurgent groups in Africa and elsewhere. Most of them are being exploited as combatants, while others perform functions, such as porters, spies who are able to enter small spaces, cooks, messengers, lookouts, and even suicide bombers. Some of the most disturbing aspects of child soldiering are that some of them are being forced to kill or are themselves killed, sexually abused and are exposed to d

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Rönnlund, Fredrik. "En gemensam fiende? : -En jämförande studie om olika staters syn på terrorism." Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-4511.

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<p>Even though terrorism has been on the political agenda for several years there is no general accepted definition of the phenomena of terrorism. Several scientist do also apply that terrorism have changed after the 9/11-attacks. The purpose with this thesis was to analyze and compare the image of terrorism represented by the United States, United Kingdom, Sweden and Norway, in an attempt to draw conclusions about similarities and differentials. The material that was used was these four nations individual counter terrorism strategy. This was made by using idea analysis and self constructed di

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Sirvent, Bruno. "Le trafic d'armes à feu dans l'Union européenne." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0653/document.

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Le trafic d’armes à feu au sein de l’Union européenne est une menace préoccupante contre l’espace de liberté, de sécurité et de justice poussant l’Union et ses États membres à réagir afin de renforcer leur cadre juridique. Néanmoins, il est difficile d’apporter aux problématiques posées par le trafic d’armes à feu une solution légale du fait de ses caractéristiques et sa transversalité. Les stocks d’armes à feu se trouvant aux frontières de l’Union européenne sont détournés afin d’être introduit dans l’espace sans frontières par de multiples acteurs aux intérêts et motivations diverses. Ces tr

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El, Jadie Amna. "L'énergie nucléaire et le droit international public." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR1006/document.

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Tous les États sans discrimination ont un droit inaliénable de développer les utilisations de l'énergie nucléaire à des fins civiles, à condition de ne pas détourner ces utilisations pacifiques vers des armes nucléaires. Cependant, il est accordé à cinq pays le droit de posséder ces armes, à savoir les États-Unis, la France, la Russie, la Chine et le Royaume-Uni. Autour de cette position, un vif débat à la fois juridique et éthique a été soulevé. En effet, pour ses opposants, le nucléaire représente un risque durable et non maîtrisable par la science. Les accidents nucléaires majeurs, les déch

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Volz, Markus. "Extraterritoriale Terrorismusbekämpfung /." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/527837652.pdf.

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30

Bouzanda, Diassonama Kiesse. "Dimension militaire de la présence chinoise en Afrique noire : contribution à l’étude de l’outil militaire dans la politique étrangère des Etats." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30015.

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La première décennie du XXIème siècle a été particulièrement marquée par le renforcement de la présence de la République populaire de Chine (RPC) en Afrique. En effet, Pékin est devenu un important partenaire du continent dans différents domaines de coopération (économique, commercial, militaire, culturel…). C’est ainsi que l’objet de cette recherche porte essentiellement sur la dimension militaire de la présence chinoise. Celle-ci reste encore peu étudiée contrairement à celle des Etats-Unis, de la France et de l’URSS autrefois. L’étude qui convoque la pensée stratégique chinoise et les théor

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Rapp-Hooper, Mira. "Absolute Alliances: Extended Deterrence in International Politics." Thesis, 2015. https://doi.org/10.7916/D85Q4TWX.

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What is a nuclear umbrella alliance and how does it differ from other defensive alliances in international politics? Scholars and practitioners frequently refer to this type of pact, but no study has defined it or identified how a nuclear security guarantee, as an umbrella alliance is better-termed, is unique. This dissertation presents and tests a theory of nuclear security guarantee formation and management. In Chapter 1, I establish two factors that make nuclear security guarantees novel: their ambiguous treaty content and unilateral provision of military aid. I present my Theory of

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MACDOUGALL, ALAN SCOT. "THE STRATEGIC DEFENSE INITIATIVE: IMPLICATIONS FOR U.S. DETERRENCE POLICY (ARMS CONTROL, NUCLEAR WEAPONS, UNITED STATES)." 1987. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI8710479.

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This dissertation concerns the issues surrounding the debate over the strategic defense initiative and its implications for U.S. deterrence policy. While ballistic missile defenses (formerly called ABMs) were believed foreclosed from the nuclear balance as a result of the ABM Treaty, the SDI program has brought ballistic missile defenses back into the strategic equation. It is possible to suggest that missile defenses, as envisioned by President Reagan, may make a significant contribution to U.S. national security. Given this proposition, the dissertation follows the analysis as outlined below

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Guillaume, Marine. "Fighting Justly in the XXth century: why do weapons disappear from the battlefield?" Thesis, 2016. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8VH61FG.

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This dissertation addresses the rarely examined issue of disqualification of weapons from the battlefields. Most literature in International Relations and War studies take for granted the fact that weapons disappear from the battlefield due to their lack of tactical/strategical utility or because of their relative cost/efficiency vis-à-vis available alternative. This study challenges the rational character of these answers, arguing that they do not fully capture what explains variations in states weapons utilization. It suggests that, contrary to what these common views assume, laws of war pla

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Heald, Geoffrey Ronald. "South Africa's voluntary relinquishment of its nuclear arsenal and accession to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons in terms of international law." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/10674.

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The subject of this research is “South Africa’s Voluntary Relinquishment of its Nuclear Arsenal and Accession to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons in Terms of International Law”. The research found that international law considerations did indeed play an important role in guiding South Africa’s relinquishment of its nuclear arsenal, and in accession to the NPT. The dissertation was conducted by interviewing an expert sample of the key persons who were actually involved with, and led, South Africa’s relinquishment of its nuclear arsenal and accession to the Treaty o

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Stoklasová, Barbora. "Zakázané prostředky a způsoby vedení ozbrojených konfliktů." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-337239.

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The goal of this diploma thesis is to present an overview of the most used chemical and biological weapons, as well as to explain their development, the links between them and their existence through the viewpoint of then contemporary sources, written or otherwise, as well as the current state of law in term of its effectivity and actual practice. The primary focus of this thesis is international law. National law is touched upon only sporadically. The first section of the thesis deals with the definition of used nomenclature, specifically the terms weapons of mass destruction, chemical and bi

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Boušková, Klára. "Zakázané prostředky a způsoby vedení ozbrojených konfliktů." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-312585.

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Resumé Prohibited means and ways of conducting armed conflicts - conventional weapons The theme of this thesis is "Prohibited means and ways of conducting armed conflicts - conventional weapons". Given that it is a very broad topic, this thesis focuses on restrictions on the use of certain conventional weapons. Conventional weapons are all weapon systems which cannot be included among the weapons of massive destruction. The first part is focuses on the historical development of the law of war - it is one of the oldest international public law at all. The following section discusses its basic p

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Van, Houten Kirsten. "Addressing the Demand for Small Arms and Light Weapons in the Democratic Republic of the Congo." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/13137.

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The conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo has been characterized by armed violence carried out against civilian populations. Despite a formal end to hostilities with outside states, numerous cease fire agreements and an internationally sanctioned disarmament program, Congolese civilians continue to be targeted in attacks. Research suggests that addressing the demand for Small Arms and Light Weapons as part of the broader disarmament process may decrease the proliferation of weapons and reduce armed violence. The research undertaken as part of this thesis attempted broadly to identif

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Gueorguiev, Irina. "La non-prolifération et le désarmement des armes nucléaires en droit international et le mécanisme de retrait des traités internationaux." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24448.

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L’arme nucléaire, arme de destruction massive par excellence, est unique en son genre par son potentiel de destruction inédit et par le caractère indiscriminé de ses frappes. Véritable menace pour l’humanité, ce type d’arme se doit d’être encadré par un régime conventionnel international de non-prolifération et de désarmement des armes nucléaires fort et complet. Dans les faits, celui-ci comporte des lacunes. Ce mémoire s’intéresse au mécanisme de retrait de ce régime conventionnel international. Plus particulièrement, nous proposons une analyse de la procédure de dénonciation retrouvée dans

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Vasko, Timothy. "Human, not too human: a critical semiotic of drones and drone warfare." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4417.

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Taking as its starting point Nietzsche’s and Foucault’s theses on liberalism and war, and Dillon and Reid’s extensive engagement thereof, this thesis offers a critical conceptualization of drones and drone warfare. I argue that deployment of drones specifically over and against bodies and communities in conflict zones in and between Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iraq, Yemen, Somalia, and until recently, Libya, is the material practice of a legal and political doctrine and precedent that has been established and policed most prominently by the United States and its military and intelligence apparatuse

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Qasaymeh, Khaled Ahmed. "South Africa’s peaceful use of nuclear energy under the nuclear non-proliferation treaty and related treaties." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/13855.

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Text in English<br>Energy is the natural power stored in matter which can be potential and kinetic energy. This occurs in nature in various forms such as chemical energy, thermal energy, electromagnetic radiation, gravitational energy, electric energy, elastic energy, nuclear energy, and rest energy. The scientific research relating to nuclear energy has revealed that atoms are the foundation of matter. In 1905 Albert Einstein initiated the quantum revolution utilising the Newtonian mass-energy equivalence concept in order to put his famous equation: E =mc2, where energy is (E). This facilitat

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