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Academic literature on the topic 'Incentives in industry – Zimbabwe'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Incentives in industry – Zimbabwe"

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MUNYANYI, WATSON, and CAMPION CHIROMBA. "Tax incentives and investment expansion: evidence from Zimbabwe’s tourism industry." AD-minister, no. 27 (2015): 27–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17230/ad-minister.27.2.

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Muposhi, Victor K., Edson Gandiwa, Paul Bartels, and Stanley M. Makuza. "Trophy Hunting, Conservation, and Rural Development in Zimbabwe: Issues, Options, and Implications." International Journal of Biodiversity 2016 (December 28, 2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8763980.

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Trophy hunting has potential to support conservation financing and contribute towards rural development. We conducted a systematic review of the Zimbabwean trophy hunting perspective spanning from pre-1890 to 2015, by examining the following: (1) evolution of legal instruments, administration, and governance of trophy hunting, (2) significance of trophy hunting in conservation financing and rural development, and (3) key challenges, emerging issues in trophy hunting industry, and future interventions. Our review shows that (i) there has been a constant evolution in the policies related to trophy hunting and conservation in Zimbabwe as driven by local and international needs; (ii) trophy hunting providing incentives for wildlife conservation (e.g., law enforcement and habitat protection) and rural communities’ development. Emerging issues that may affect trophy hunting include illegal hunting, inadequate monitoring systems, and hunting bans. We conclude that trophy hunting is still relevant in wildlife conservation and rural communities’ development especially in developing economies where conservation financing is inadequate due to fiscal constraints. We recommend the promotion of net conservation benefits for positive conservation efforts and use of wildlife conservation credits for the opportunity costs associated with reducing trophy hunting off-take levels and promoting nonconsumptive wildlife use options.

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Nhapi, I., H. J. Gijzen, and M. A. Siebel. "A conceptual framework for the sustainable management of wastewater in Harare, Zimbabwe." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 7-8 (April 1, 2003): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0665.

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The aim of this study was to formulate an integrated wastewater management model for Harare, Zimbabwe, based on current thinking. This implies that wastewater is treated/disposed of as close to the source of generation as possible. Resource recovery and reuse in a local thriving urban agriculture are integrated into this model. Intervention strategies were considered for controlling water, nitrogen and phosphorus flows to the lake. In the formulation of strategies, Harare was divided into five major operational areas of high-, medium-, and low-density residential areas, and also commercial and industrial areas. Specific options were then considered to suit landuse, development constraints and socio-economic status for each area, within the overall criteria of limiting nutrient inflows into the downstream Lake Chivero. Flexible and differential solutions were developed in relation to built environment, population density, composition of users, ownership, future environmental demands, and technical, environmental, hygienic, social and organisational factors. Options considered include source control by the users (residents, industries, etc.), using various strategies like implementation of toilets with source separation, and natural methods of wastewater treatment. Other possible strategies are invoking better behaviour through fees and information, incentives for cleaner production, and user responsibility through education, legislative changes and stricter controls over industry.

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Tsaurai, Kunofiwa. "Critical success factors of unit trusts investments. A case study approach." Corporate Ownership and Control 12, no. 3 (2015): 401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv12i3c4p1.

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This study mainly focused on investigating the critical success factors of unit trusts using a case study approach. Countries that were part of the case study analysis include South Africa, Zimbabwe, Malaysia, United Kingdom and Singapore. Very few studies have so far focused on the critical success factors of unit trusts. Although some empirical studies have revealed the conditions under which unit trusts can be said to be viable, it appears the literature on the critical success factors on unit trusts is very scant. Lambrechts (1999), Woodlin (2003) and Nicoll (2005) are some of the few empirical researchers who explained unit trusts viability or success. However, the absence of focus on critical success factors of unit trusts among previous empirical studies prompted this study. This study revealed the following as critical success factors of unit trusts. These include unit trusts public education, better disclosure standards, government support, effective unit trusts products distribution channels, deregulation of unit trusts industry, stringent and prudent unit trusts regulation, deregulation of service charges and management fees, absence of trustee monopoly, relaxed exchange control regulations, unit trusts differentiation strategy, fund management specialization, financial sector liberalization, improved unit trusts regulation and favourable tax incentives. The study recommends that authorities should ensure these critical success factors are in place and well implemented to ensure the viability of unit trusts in their countries

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Coles, Jeffrey L., Zhichuan (Frank) Li, and Albert Y. Wang. "Industry Tournament Incentives." Review of Financial Studies 31, no. 4 (July 27, 2017): 1418–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhx064.

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Rusike, Joseph, and Philip A. Donovan. "The maize seed industry in Zimbabwe." Development Southern Africa 12, no. 2 (April 1995): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03768359508439804.

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Falato, Antonio, and Dalida Kadyrzhanova. "Optimal CEO Incentives and Industry Dynamics." Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2012, no. 78 (October 2012): 1–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/feds.2012.78.

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Aksenova, O. V., and A. S. Guzenkova. "ECONOMIC INCENTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT INDUSTRY." Economy in the industry, no. 2 (April 21, 2015): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2013-2-97-100.

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Brown, Keith C., Amy Dittmar, and Henri Servaes. "Corporate Governance, Incentives, and Industry Consolidations." Review of Financial Studies 18, no. 1 (April 2, 2004): 241–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhh009.

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Koptseva, Polina, and Anna Komarova. "TAX INCENTIVES IN OIL INDUSTRY TAXATION." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 2, no. 5 (2019): 240–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2019-2-5-240-248.

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Proceeds in the form of a mineral extraction tax are one of the main items of income for the federal budget of Russia. Due to the use of preferential ratios in calculating the tax rate of the mineral extraction tax on oil, it can be said that there are tax amounts that were not received by the budget due to the use of tax incentives. As part of this study, the actual and real tax burden of the oil-producing regions of Russia was calculated and analyzed. The applied method of clustering of oil-producing regions allowed us to identify clusters depending on the volume of oil production and the real average tax burden on mineral extraction tax in the form of oil. The results showed that the mineral extraction tax in the form of oil is not characterized by a direct relationship between the tax base and the tax rate.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Incentives in industry – Zimbabwe"

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Cleaver, Frances. "Community management of rural water supplies in Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321023.

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Moyo, Admire. "The effects of hyperinflation on the Zimbabwean construction industry." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1197.

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Less than two decades ago, Zimbabwe was a symbol for the rest of the world of what Africa could become (Dell, 2005). DiSilvio (2007) contends that independent Zimbabwe was an economic success on route to attaining status of the most “developed country” in Africa. Contrary to expectations, by 2003 the Zimbabwean economy was shrinking faster than any other economy in the world at 18 percent per year (Richardson, 2005). Reports indicate that the Zimbabwean economy is in crisis and has since been set back by more than 50 years (Matikinye, 2005). This phenomenon necessitated the need for an investigation to ascertain its cause in Zimbabwe. As a result, the research identifies and presents hyperinflation as the root cause of the crisis in Zimbabwe and illustrates the validity of this assertion with a focus on the Zimbabwean construction industry. As part of the research inquiry, a review of related literature was conducted. The literature review illustrated the generic effects of hyperinflation as well as the effects of this phenomenon in action in Zimbabwe. The literature study was followed by a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was completed by 23 contractors and 7 clients from a census of contractors and clients in Zimbabwe. The questionnaire consisted of a number of variables, which the respondents were asked to rate vis-à-vis the effects of hyperinflation in the construction industry. In summary, the questionnaire sought to determine the causes of hyperinflation in Zimbabwe, its specific effects on the construction industry and how respondents thought the phenomenon could be mitigated so as to revive the Zimbabwean construction industry. The techniques of re-scaling, in conjunction with descriptive and inferential statistics, ranking and quadrant analysis were applied to the data. Results from these analyses revealed a high degree of agreement among respondents vis-à-vis the effects of hyperinflation on the Zimbabwean construction industry. The interpretation of the results further revealed that hyperinflation has undoubtedly led to the collapse of the Zimbabwean construction industry. In conclusion, the research, applying the interpretations of v the survey findings, prescribes a number of ways in which the Zimbabwean construction sector may be resurrected. Among the recommended prescriptions, there are a number of debatable issues that arise that the researcher proposes should be subject to future study.

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Maredza, Andrew. "Profit incentives and technical efficiency in the provision of health care in Zimbabwe: an application of data envelopment analysis and econometric methods." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/294.

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This study examines issues surrounding efficiency in the Zimbabwean health sector with specific emphasis on for-profit hospitals in order to find out whether they are significantly more efficient than non-profit hospitals. The study attempts to explore the significance of profit incentives on efficiency. This study uses the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology to examine hospital efficiency scores for the 100 hospitals in the sample classified as for-profit, mission and public. Outputs of the study include inpatient days and outpatient visits. The number of beds, doctors and nurses were used to capture hospital inputs. The findings indicated that there was a marked deviation of efficiency scores from the best practice frontier with for-profit hospitals having the highest mean PTE of 71.1 percent. The mean PTE scores for mission and public hospitals were 64.8 percent and 62.6 percent respectively. About 85 percent, 83 percent and 91 percent of the for-profit, mission and public hospitals were found to be operating below their average PTE. More than half of the hospitals are being run inefficiently. Of more importance to this study is the fact that the hypothesis of for-profit hospital superiority was accepted implying that for profit hospitals are significantly more efficient than the non-profit category. The study indicated that the amount of inputs being used could be decreased substantially without decreasing the quantity of outputs achieved. In each of the hospitals included in the study, the total input reductions needed to make inefficient hospitals efficient are more than 50 percent. These input savings could go a long way in achieving other health concerns without mobilizing additional resources in the sector

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Zhang, Yanren. "Essays on incentives in family firms." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2012. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=192157.

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This thesis consists of one literature review and three self-contained essays that discuss management transfers, work incentives and age structures in family firms. In the literature review, I summarize and structure recent studies on management transfer in family firms. The first essay focuses on the incentive effects of age structure in a single firm, and argues that compressed age structures are negatively related to firm performance, which provides a mechanism that causes the underperformance of dynastic management. In the second essay, I extend the single-firm analysis to a multi-firm scenario and find children prefer to work for their own family if the age gap between levels is large. Otherwise, they leave and work for other families. As a result, increased life expectancy leads to the separation between ownership and management, and family-managed firms have more compressed age structures than their professionally managed counterparts. In the third and final essay, I study the issue of self-enforcement in promotion tournaments and find organizations using rank-order contracts may still act opportunistically even when there exists no agency problem between owners and managers. Furthermore, both the wage-seniority profile and governance structure determine the credibility of rank-order contracts, which provides an alternative rationale for returns to seniority and underperformance of dynastic management.

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Gibney, Laura (Laura Margaret). "Limitations of a state-initiated and controlled system of worker participation in industry : the Zimbabwean example." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65488.

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Domingues, Gabriela Bertol. "Essays on incentives and risk-taking in the fund industry." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2012. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/437/.

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The first paper of this thesis uses a unique data set to assess the determinants of inflows and outflows in the fund industry. The higher frequency of the data allows to examine whether recent past performance affects the flow-performance relation. I find that the latter is concave for the worst-performing funds and convex for the best-performing funds. This is in stark contrast to previous studies in the literature that document a strict convex relationship. The disaggregation by inflows and outflows further indicates that the concavity is mainly due to outflows, which react much quicker to bad performance than previously assumed, whereas the convexity is driven by inflows. Finally, I also compare how the type of client affects the flow- performance relationship. I show that investors deemed less sophisticated care more about short-term performance than other investors, and more about raw returns than risk-adjusted returns. The second paper investigates how funds shift risk as a function of past performance. In contrast to the literature, I manage to disentangle the implicit incentive generated by the flow-performance relationship from the direct incentive generated by the portfolio manager remuneration contract. Identification is only possible because I focus on funds that pay bonus every six months instead of every year. I show not only that contracts have an asymmetric effect on risk, but also that the tournament within the fund family is the main driver of risk shifting. This is consistent with families actively engaging in the tournament by transferring not only performance, as suggested by the literature, but also risk from their worst- to their best-performing funds. The last paper is joint with Pedro A. Saffi and uses a data set of Brazilian hedge funds holdings to examine the impact of long and short positions on performance. In particular, we test if changes in long/short positions and their risk can forecast future performance. While we find that funds with large increases in the risk of long-only positions risk relative to the previous 24 months underperform by about 3% per year on average, those that increase the risk of short-only positions overperform their peers by about 1% a year on average, net of fees. Neither monthly changes of long nor short positions can forecast next month’s abnormal returns.

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Kaggwa, Martin. "Modelling South Africa's incentives under the Motor Industry Development Programme." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04072009-203959/.

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Wu, Xiaohua Sherry. "Innovation incentives and competition in the hard disk drive industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69479.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Economics, 2011.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 52-53).
Firms in the hard disk drive industry are continually engaging in R & D and improving the quality of their products. We explore various determinants of the product innovation incentives for firms concerned with both their static and expected future profitability. We estimate the observed innovation outcomes as a function of market condition variables which have significant impact on innovation decisions. In addition, we estimate logit utilities that describe the marginal willingness to pay for quality improvements. One aspect of utility is that the willingness to pay for faster access time to data may be initially low but increases over time. The firms' decisions to introduce faster access time are partly motivated by dynamic considerations.
by Xiaohua Sherry Wu.
S.M.

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Matemba, Edward. "Adverse welfare effects of regulations on small tobacco exporters: the case of Zimbabwe." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&amp.

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Regulations to reduce the consumption of tobacco products have dual effects on economies. Economies that are net consumers of tobacco products experience welfare enhancing effects as a result of these regulations. However, these regulations can have adverse welfare effects among net producing economies. Many studies have explored these welfare effects on net consuming economies, whereas the impacts among net producing economies have been neglected. This research paper examined the adverse welfare effects of smoking regulations on small tobacco exporting economies with, a comparative advantage in tobacco production.

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Simbi, Joseph. "Levels of selected gaseous pollutants in ambient air in the vicinity of a chemical industry, Kwekwe, Zimbabwe." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2015.

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Thesis (MTech (Environmental Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015.
The integrity of natural air has been compromised due to the deposition of chemical, biological and particulate substances from natural and anthropogenic sources. Adverse health consequences arising from the exposure of plants, animals and human to elevated atmospheric concentrations have been reported severally. The ambient baseline levels of many air contaminants in urban and industrial layouts of many Africa cities, especially Zimbabwe have not been fully characterized. Information on levels of these contaminants and their real time variability is therefore scarce and scanty. In this study, the ambient air concentration levels of selected gaseous pollutants in the vicinity of a fertilizer production facility in Zimbabwe were investigated. Nine sampling stations were systematically and randomly identified for the measurement of selected air pollutants (SO2, NO2, and NH3) the fertilizer production factory to capture air quality data on all wind directions. The electrochemical Drager Sensors which rely on electrochemical measuring transducer for measuring concentration of gases under atmospheric conditions was used for the measurement of NH3, SO2, and NO2. The ambient air monitored was allowed to diffuse through a membrane into the sensor liquid electrolytes, containing a sensing electrode, a counter electrode, a reference electrode, and an electronic potentiostat-circuit which ensures constant electrical voltage between the sensing electrode and the reference electrode. The flow of electrons, generated by the reaction is proportional to the concentration of the measured gas. The observed concentrations of NH3, SO2, and NO2 measured within and around the study site were very variable. Levels of NH3 ranged between 0.36 - 7.36 ppm; corresponding values for SO2 and NO2 were 0.02 - 84.61 ppm and 0.61 - 34.78 ppm respectively. These concentrations were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than measured (NH3; 0.01 - 0.05 ppm: SO2; 0.03 - 0.18 ppm: NO2; 0.17 - 1.30 ppm) at the control sampling station about 5 km from the industry. Isokinetic and dissipation of the measured gases, governed by the processes of molecular diffusion and convection, confirmed a common pattern of distance dissipation. Thus, the cloud concentrations of NH3, SO2, and NO2 within the facility were higher than observed distances away from the fertilizer factory.
Zimbabwe Presidential Scholarship

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Books on the topic "Incentives in industry – Zimbabwe"

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Incentives for industry. New Delhi: Economic & Scientific Research Foundation, 1985.

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Newfarmer, Richard S. Trade in Zimbabwe: Changing incentives to enhance competitiveness. Washington, D.C: World Bank Group, 2015.

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Matin, Khan Abdul. Financial incentives to industry. Islamabad: Sustainable Development Policy Institute, 2001.

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Jourdan, Paul. Minerals industry of Zimbabwe. Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe: Institute of Mining Research, University of Zimbabwe, 1990.

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Callan, Tim. Improving work incentives. Dublin: Economic and Social Research Institute, 1996.

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Wayne, Evans Wm. Economic development incentives for industry. [Georgia, U.S.A.]: W.W.Evans, 1996.

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Kräkel, Matthias. Emotions and incentives. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2004.

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Peck, Charles A. Executive incentives. New York, NY: Conference Board, 1996.

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Tattersfield, J. R. The seed industry in Zimbabwe. Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe: Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zimbabwe, 1993.

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Morris, Michael L. Comparative advantage and policy incentives for wheat production in Zimbabwe. México, D.F., México: Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Incentives in industry – Zimbabwe"

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Boella, Michael J., and Steven Goss-Turner. "Incentives." In Human Resource Management in the Hospitality Industry, 269–78. Tenth edition. | Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2019. | New edition: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429441400-16.

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Baldwin, Robert E. "Rent-Seeking and Trade Policy: An Industry Approach." In Economic Incentives, 429–53. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18204-6_16.

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Ndhlovu, Tidings. "Trade and Industry in Zimbabwe." In The Move to the Market?, 233–43. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24046-3_14.

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Hemels, Sigrid. "Tax Incentives for the Audio Visual Industry." In Tax Incentives for the Creative Industries, 137–74. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-832-8_8.

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Whiteside, Alan. "The Impact of AIDS on Industry in Zimbabwe." In Facing up to AIDS, 217–40. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24930-5_10.

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Whiteside, Alan. "The Impact of AIDS on Industry in Zimbabwe." In Facing up to AIDS, 217–40. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22597-2_10.

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Van Sloten, Rene. "An Industry Organization Perspective on Incentives and Safeguards." In The Implementation of Legally Binding Measures to Strengthen the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention, 257–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2098-8_24.

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Balassa, Bela. "Economic Incentives and Agricultural Exports in Developing Countries." In The Balance between Industry and Agriculture in Economic Development, 181–96. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-10277-8_8.

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Thomas, Kenneth P. "Industry Case Studies: Steel, Biofuel Production, Semiconductors, Automobiles, Call Centers." In Investment Incentives and the Global Competition for Capital, 49–66. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230302396_4.

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Levaggi, Rosella, and Paolo Pertile. "Drug Prices and Incentives to Innovation by the Pharmaceutical Industry." In Pharmaceutical Prices in the 21st Century, 389–401. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12169-7_21.

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Conference papers on the topic "Incentives in industry – Zimbabwe"

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Medved, Ivana, and Dejan Jovanović. "Industry 4.0 Incentives for Environmental Management Accounting." In 25th International Scientific Conference Strategic Management and Decision Support Systems in Strategic Management. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Economics in Subotica, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46541/978-86-7233-386-2_36.

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Vining, J. G., and A. Muetze. "Economic Factors and Incentives for Ocean Wave Energy Conversion." In 2007 IEEE Industry Applications Annual Meeting. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ias.2007.119.

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Vining, J. G., and A. Muetze. "Economic Factors and Incentives for Ocean Wave Energy Conversion." In 2007 IEEE Industry Applications Annual Meeting. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/07ias.2007.119.

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Ambrosius, Mirjam, Veronika Grimm, Christian Solch, and Gregor Zottl. "Investment incentives for flexible energy consumption in the industry." In 2016 13th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem.2016.7521234.

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Evrengil, Efza, Osman Elbek, Fusun Yıldız, Murat Ceyhan, Tanzer Gezer, Murat Güner, and Elif Dagli. "Investment and export incentives granted to tobacco industry in Turkey." In ERS International Congress 2017 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.pa2659.

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Liang, Xu, Xiaofeng Zhang, and Yiyi Wang. "Executive Incentives and Innovation Performance—Based on the Information Technology Industry." In Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Economic Management and Cultural Industry (ICEMCI 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.191217.037.

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Kaggwa, Martin, Jasper L. Steyn, and Anastassios Pouris. "Modelling effects of incentives for industry competitiveness using a system dynamics approach." In Technology. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/picmet.2008.4599634.

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Hamidi, Masyhuri, and Fajri Adrianto. "Capital Expenditure and Natural Risk Incentives Analysis for the Hotel Industry In Padang." In Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Multidisciplinary and Its Applications Part 1, WMA-01 2018, 19-20 January 2018, Aceh, Indonesia. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.20-1-2018.2284281.

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Jullien, C., M. H. Khalfallah, V. Pignon, S. Robin, and C. Staropoli. "An experimental study of investment incentives mechanisms in the electricity industry (Revised April 2009)." In 2009 6th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eem.2009.5207222.

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Quan, Lin, and Jun Zhou. "Leveraging TMT heterogeneity to promote firm performance in transition economy: the moderating effects of TMT incentives." In International Conference on Modern Engineering Soultions for the Industry. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/mesi140591.

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Reports on the topic "Incentives in industry – Zimbabwe"

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Hubbard, Thomas. Affiliation, Integration, and Information: Ownership Incentives and Industry Structure. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8300.

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McManus, Brian, Aviv Nevo, Zachary Nolan, and Jonathan Williams. Steering Incentives of Platforms: Evidence from the Telecommunications Industry. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27083.

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Hilt, Eric. Incentives in Corporations: Evidence from the American Whaling Industry. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10403.

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Paul T. Leuchte, DR. John Stubbles, and Professor Fruehan. Assessment of the Incentives, Disincentives, and Alternatives for Steel Industry CO2 Reduction. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/796239.

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Hilt, Eric. The Negative Trade-off Between Risk and Incentives: Evidence from the American Whaling Industry. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w11960.

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Perani, Giulio, Stefano Costa, and Stefano de Santis. The Italian Industry/Enterprise 4.0 Plan: Ex-ante identification of potential beneficiaries and ex-post assessment of the use of incentives. Fteval - Platform for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, May 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2019.334.

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Michael Ebert. Creating New Incentives for Risk Identification and Insurance Process for the Electric Utility Industry (initial award through Award Modification 2); Energy & Risk Transfer Assessment (Award Modifications 3 - 6). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/949198.

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Hopkins, Anna, Sarah Foxen, Kathryn Oliver, and Gavin Costigan. Science Advice in the UK. Foundation for Science and Technology, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53289/gutw3567.

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This report examines the science advisory system in the UK, how it has changed and how it may develop further in the future. It looks at structure and functions within the UK Government (including the Government Chief Scientific Advisor, the Government Office for Science, government departments, scientific advisory committees - including SAGE - and the Science and Engineering Profession). It also describes science advice in the UK Parliament. The report looks at the role of public research funders, particularly UK Research and Innovation and its research councils, and it discusses how universities are responding to incentives to improve the supply of evidence and expertise. There are brief sections discussing the role of other actors (such as national academies, charities and industry) and discussion of some cross-cutting themes.

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Winkler-Portmann, Simon. Umsetzung einer wirksamen Compliance in globalen Lieferketten am Beispiel der Anforderungen aus der europäischen Chemikalien-Regulierung an die Automobilindustrie. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627796.

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This publication based on a master thesis explores the challenges of the automotive industry regarding the European chemical regulations REACH and CLP, as well as potential improvements of the current compliance activities and the related incentives and barriers. It answers the research question: "To what extent should the compliance activities of actors in the automotive supply chain be extended in order to meet the requirements of European chemicals regulation; and where would it help to strengthen incentives in enforcement and the legal framework?“. The study’s structure is based on the transdisciplinary delta analysis of the Society for Institutional Analysis at the Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences. It compares the target state of the legal requirements and the requirements for corresponding compliance with the actual state of the actual compliance measures of the automotive players and attempts to identify their weak points (the delta). The main sources for the analysis are the legal texts and relevant court decisions as well as guideline-based expert interviews with automotive players based on Gläser & Laudel. As objects of the analysis, there are in addition answers to random enquiries according to Article 33 (2) REACH as well as the recommendations and guidelines of the industry associations. The analysis identifies the transmission of material information in the supply chain as a key problem. The global database system used for this purpose, the IMDS, shows gaps in the framework conditions. This results in compliance risk due to the dynamically developing regulation. In addition, the study identifies an incompliance of the investigated automobile manufacturers with regard to Art. 33 REACH. In answering the research question, the study recommends solutions to the automotive players that extend the current compliance activities. In addition, it offers tables and process flow diagrams, which structure the duties and required compliance measures and may serve as basic audit criteria. The analysis is carried out from an external perspective and looks at the entire industry. It therefore cannot cover all the individual peculiarities of each automotive player. As a result, the identified gaps serve only as indications for possible further compliance risks.

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Führ, Martin, Julian Schenten, and Silke Kleihauer. Integrating "Green Chemistry" into the Regulatory Framework of European Chemicals Policy. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, July 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627727.

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20 years ago a concept of “Green Chemistry” was formulated by Paul Anastas and John Warner, aiming at an ambitious agenda to “green” chemical products and processes. Today the concept, laid down in a set of 12 principles, has found support in various arenas. This diffusion was supported by enhancements of the legislative framework; not only in the European Union. Nevertheless industry actors – whilst generally supporting the idea – still see “cost and perception remain barriers to green chemistry uptake”. Thus, the questions arise how additional incentives as well as measures to address the barriers and impediments can be provided. An analysis addressing these questions has to take into account the institutional context for the relevant actors involved in the issue. And it has to reflect the problem perception of the different stakeholders. The supply chain into which the chemicals are distributed are of pivotal importance since they create the demand pull for chemicals designed in accordance with the “Green Chemistry Principles”. Consequently, the scope of this study includes all stages in a chemical’s life-cycle, including the process of designing and producing the final products to which chemical substances contribute. For each stage the most relevant legislative acts, together establishing the regulatory framework of the “chemicals policy” in the EU are analysed. In a nutshell the main elements of the study can be summarized as follows: Green Chemistry (GC) is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products. Besides, reaction efficiency, including energy efficiency, and the use of renewable resources are other motives of Green Chemistry. Putting the GC concept in a broader market context, however, it can only prevail if in the perception of the relevant actors it is linked to tangible business cases. Therefore, the study analyses the product context in which chemistry is to be applied, as well as the substance’s entire life-cycle – in other words, the six stages in product innovation processes): 1. Substance design, 2. Production process, 3. Interaction in the supply chain, 4. Product design, 5. Use phase and 6. After use phase of the product (towards a “circular economy”). The report presents an overview to what extent the existing framework, i.e. legislation and the wider institutional context along the six stages, is setting incentives for actors to adequately address problematic substances and their potential impacts, including the learning processes intended to invoke creativity of various actors to solve challenges posed by these substances. In this respect, measured against the GC and Learning Process assessment criteria, the study identified shortcomings (“delta”) at each stage of product innovation. Some criteria are covered by the regulatory framework and to a relevant extent implemented by the actors. With respect to those criteria, there is thus no priority need for further action. Other criteria are only to a certain degree covered by the regulatory framework, due to various and often interlinked reasons. For those criteria, entry points for options to strengthen or further nuance coverage of the respective principle already exist. Most relevant are the deltas with regard to those instruments that influence the design phase; both for the chemical substance as such and for the end-product containing the substance. Due to the multi-tier supply chains, provisions fostering information, communication and cooperation of the various actors are crucial to underpin the learning processes towards the GCP. The policy options aim to tackle these shortcomings in the context of the respective stage in order to support those actors who are willing to change their attitude and their business decisions towards GC. The findings are in general coherence with the strategies to foster GC identified by the Green Chemistry & Commerce Council.

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