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Journal articles on the topic 'Incentives in industry – Zimbabwe'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

MUNYANYI, WATSON, and CAMPION CHIROMBA. "Tax incentives and investment expansion: evidence from Zimbabwe’s tourism industry." AD-minister, no. 27 (2015): 27–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17230/ad-minister.27.2.

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2

Muposhi, Victor K., Edson Gandiwa, Paul Bartels, and Stanley M. Makuza. "Trophy Hunting, Conservation, and Rural Development in Zimbabwe: Issues, Options, and Implications." International Journal of Biodiversity 2016 (December 28, 2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8763980.

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Trophy hunting has potential to support conservation financing and contribute towards rural development. We conducted a systematic review of the Zimbabwean trophy hunting perspective spanning from pre-1890 to 2015, by examining the following: (1) evolution of legal instruments, administration, and governance of trophy hunting, (2) significance of trophy hunting in conservation financing and rural development, and (3) key challenges, emerging issues in trophy hunting industry, and future interventions. Our review shows that (i) there has been a constant evolution in the policies related to trophy hunting and conservation in Zimbabwe as driven by local and international needs; (ii) trophy hunting providing incentives for wildlife conservation (e.g., law enforcement and habitat protection) and rural communities’ development. Emerging issues that may affect trophy hunting include illegal hunting, inadequate monitoring systems, and hunting bans. We conclude that trophy hunting is still relevant in wildlife conservation and rural communities’ development especially in developing economies where conservation financing is inadequate due to fiscal constraints. We recommend the promotion of net conservation benefits for positive conservation efforts and use of wildlife conservation credits for the opportunity costs associated with reducing trophy hunting off-take levels and promoting nonconsumptive wildlife use options.

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3

Nhapi, I., H. J. Gijzen, and M. A. Siebel. "A conceptual framework for the sustainable management of wastewater in Harare, Zimbabwe." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 7-8 (April 1, 2003): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0665.

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The aim of this study was to formulate an integrated wastewater management model for Harare, Zimbabwe, based on current thinking. This implies that wastewater is treated/disposed of as close to the source of generation as possible. Resource recovery and reuse in a local thriving urban agriculture are integrated into this model. Intervention strategies were considered for controlling water, nitrogen and phosphorus flows to the lake. In the formulation of strategies, Harare was divided into five major operational areas of high-, medium-, and low-density residential areas, and also commercial and industrial areas. Specific options were then considered to suit landuse, development constraints and socio-economic status for each area, within the overall criteria of limiting nutrient inflows into the downstream Lake Chivero. Flexible and differential solutions were developed in relation to built environment, population density, composition of users, ownership, future environmental demands, and technical, environmental, hygienic, social and organisational factors. Options considered include source control by the users (residents, industries, etc.), using various strategies like implementation of toilets with source separation, and natural methods of wastewater treatment. Other possible strategies are invoking better behaviour through fees and information, incentives for cleaner production, and user responsibility through education, legislative changes and stricter controls over industry.

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4

Tsaurai, Kunofiwa. "Critical success factors of unit trusts investments. A case study approach." Corporate Ownership and Control 12, no. 3 (2015): 401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv12i3c4p1.

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This study mainly focused on investigating the critical success factors of unit trusts using a case study approach. Countries that were part of the case study analysis include South Africa, Zimbabwe, Malaysia, United Kingdom and Singapore. Very few studies have so far focused on the critical success factors of unit trusts. Although some empirical studies have revealed the conditions under which unit trusts can be said to be viable, it appears the literature on the critical success factors on unit trusts is very scant. Lambrechts (1999), Woodlin (2003) and Nicoll (2005) are some of the few empirical researchers who explained unit trusts viability or success. However, the absence of focus on critical success factors of unit trusts among previous empirical studies prompted this study. This study revealed the following as critical success factors of unit trusts. These include unit trusts public education, better disclosure standards, government support, effective unit trusts products distribution channels, deregulation of unit trusts industry, stringent and prudent unit trusts regulation, deregulation of service charges and management fees, absence of trustee monopoly, relaxed exchange control regulations, unit trusts differentiation strategy, fund management specialization, financial sector liberalization, improved unit trusts regulation and favourable tax incentives. The study recommends that authorities should ensure these critical success factors are in place and well implemented to ensure the viability of unit trusts in their countries

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5

Coles, Jeffrey L., Zhichuan (Frank) Li, and Albert Y. Wang. "Industry Tournament Incentives." Review of Financial Studies 31, no. 4 (July 27, 2017): 1418–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhx064.

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6

Rusike, Joseph, and Philip A. Donovan. "The maize seed industry in Zimbabwe." Development Southern Africa 12, no. 2 (April 1995): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03768359508439804.

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7

Falato, Antonio, and Dalida Kadyrzhanova. "Optimal CEO Incentives and Industry Dynamics." Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2012, no. 78 (October 2012): 1–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17016/feds.2012.78.

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8

Aksenova, O. V., and A. S. Guzenkova. "ECONOMIC INCENTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT INDUSTRY." Economy in the industry, no. 2 (April 21, 2015): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2013-2-97-100.

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9

Brown, Keith C., Amy Dittmar, and Henri Servaes. "Corporate Governance, Incentives, and Industry Consolidations." Review of Financial Studies 18, no. 1 (April 2, 2004): 241–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rfs/hhh009.

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10

Koptseva, Polina, and Anna Komarova. "TAX INCENTIVES IN OIL INDUSTRY TAXATION." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 2, no. 5 (2019): 240–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2019-2-5-240-248.

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Proceeds in the form of a mineral extraction tax are one of the main items of income for the federal budget of Russia. Due to the use of preferential ratios in calculating the tax rate of the mineral extraction tax on oil, it can be said that there are tax amounts that were not received by the budget due to the use of tax incentives. As part of this study, the actual and real tax burden of the oil-producing regions of Russia was calculated and analyzed. The applied method of clustering of oil-producing regions allowed us to identify clusters depending on the volume of oil production and the real average tax burden on mineral extraction tax in the form of oil. The results showed that the mineral extraction tax in the form of oil is not characterized by a direct relationship between the tax base and the tax rate.

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11

Tang, Wenzhe, Maoshan Qiang, Colin F. Duffield, David M. Young, and Youmei Lu. "Incentives in the Chinese Construction Industry." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 134, no. 7 (July 2008): 457–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9364(2008)134:7(457).

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12

Lee, Seok-Weon. "FDICIA and Risk Shifting 1n the Banking Industry." International Studies Review 7, no. 1 (October 8, 2006): 87–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2667078x-00701005.

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This is an empirical study that examines how the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act (FDICIA) of 1991 in the U.S. banking industry affects the moral hazard risk-taking incentives of banks. We find that FDICIA appears to be effective in significantly reducing the systematic risk-taking incentives of the banks. Considering that the banks' asset portfolios are necessarily largely systematic risk-related, the significant decrease in their systematic risk-taking incentives provides some evidence of the effectiveness of FDICIA. However, with respect to the nonsystematic risk-taking behavior, the results generally indicate statistically insignificant decreases in the risk-taking incentives after FDICIA. To well-diversified investors who can diversify nonsystematic risk away, nonsystematic risk may not be a risk any more. However, to maintain a sound banking environment and to reduce the risk to individual banks, this result implies that regulatory agents should monitor the banks’ nonsystematic risk-taking behavior more closely, as long as it is positively related to the banks’ failures. We further test the change in the risk-taking incentives by partitioning the full sample into two groups: Banks with higher moral hazard incentives as those with larger asset size and lower capital ratio and banks with lower moral hazard incentives as those with smaller asset size and higher capital ratio. The main result for this test is that, with FDICIA, the decrease in the risk-taking incentives of the banks with higher moral hazard incentives (larger asset-size and lower capital-ratio banks) is less than that of the banks with lower moral hazard incentives (smaller asset-size and higher capital-ratio banks), with respect to both systematic and nonsystematic risk-taking measures. Furthermore, the change in the nonsystematic risk-taking incentives of the banks with higher moral hazard incentives is rather mixed, while their systematic incentives are decreased. These findings imply that the regulatory agents should allocate more time and effort toward monitoring the banks with higher moral hazard incentives with particular emphasis on their nonsystematic risk-taking behavior.

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13

Jourdan, Paul. "The non-ferrous metal industry in Zimbabwe." Minerals & Energy - Raw Materials Report 4, no. 2 (June 1986): 12–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14041048609409754.

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14

Murairwa, Stanley. "A Sustainable Zimbabwe University - Industry Collaboration Framework." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science 05, no. 06 (2021): 160–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2021.5607.

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15

Madzivanyika, Ezera. "Customs duty incentives and their effects on customs revenue mobilization: the case of Zimbabwe (2009-2014)." Public and Municipal Finance 5, no. 1 (July 19, 2016): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/pmf.05(1).2016.01.

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This paper analyzes the effects of customs duty incentives on customs revenue mobilization for the period 2009 to 2014. It employs both cross-sectional and panel data regression analysis using firm-level data obtained for a sample of 35 firms in Zimbabwe’s mining sector. The data were collected from Zimbabwe Revenue Authority’s Asycuda World System. The results from the two separate models confirm that customs duty incentives (rebates and preferential tariff rates) had negative effects on customs revenues for the period 2009 to 2014. The study, therefore, recommends an urgent need to streamline customs duty incentives granted to importers of goods meant for use in the mining sector

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16

Dube, Cinderella, and Victor Gumbo. "Technology Acceptance Model for Zimbabwe: The Case of the Retail Industry in Zimbabwe." Applied Economics and Finance 4, no. 3 (March 22, 2017): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v4i3.2208.

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The retail industry in Zimbabwe has embraced the use of a variety of technologies in order to survive in this ever changing technological era. However, little research has been done on the adoption and use of these technologies and no model has been developed to date. The aim of this paper was to develop a model best suited to the Zimbabwean retail industry in order to enhance the successful adoption and use of online transaction platforms. The online transaction platforms used to develop the model were Internet banking, Automated Teller Machines, Mobile banking and Point of Sale. A three-sample dataset comprising of 268 bank and supermarket customers, 56 bank managers and 31 supermarket managers was used. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between the given factors influencing adoption and use of online transaction platforms and the constructs perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. The resultant TAMZIM model borrowed ideas from the Technology Acceptance Models proposed by Fred Davis in the mid-80s.

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17

Kinney, Anthony J., Enno Krebbers, and Steven J. Vollmer. "Publications from Industry. Personal and Corporate Incentives." Plant Physiology 134, no. 1 (January 2004): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.103.032474.

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18

Aggarwal, Rajesh K., and Carola Schenone. "Incentives and Competition in the Airline Industry." Review of Corporate Finance Studies 8, no. 2 (June 22, 2019): 380–428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rcfs/cfz002.

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Abstract We examine how performance changes at airlines in response to a change in executive incentives. Airlines with executive bonuses contingent on on-time arrival do improve on-time performance. We find evidence of strategic gaming of the incentive as some carriers increase scheduled flight times, making it easier for flights to arrive on time. This effect is more pronounced for competitive routes. Carriers also do not decrease the frequency of flights or the number of passengers to make it easier to be on time, but they do slightly decrease fares. Competitors on the same routes also improve their on-time performance, even when their executive bonuses are not contingent on on-time performance, consistent with competition in strategic complements. (JEL G30, G34, G32) Received February 5, 2018; editorial decision April 3, 2019 by Editor Andrew Ellul.

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19

Dickson, David. "New tax incentives for UK pharma industry." Nature Medicine 7, no. 4 (April 2001): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/86420.

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20

Karuna, Christo. "Industry product market competition and managerial incentives." Journal of Accounting and Economics 43, no. 2-3 (July 2007): 275–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacceco.2007.02.004.

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21

KAGGWA, MARTIN, JASPER L. STEYN, and ANASTASSIOS POURIS. "MODELING EFFECTS OF INCENTIVES FOR INDUSTRY COMPETITIVENESS USING A SYSTEM DYNAMICS APPROACH." International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management 09, no. 02 (June 2012): 1250011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219877012500113.

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Investment in state of the art machinery and tooling and in R&D is widely seen as a prerequisite for achieving industry competitiveness in the long term. Investment-based incentives that countries provide for these inputs are perceived as a way of supporting industry competitiveness. Despite this being a global phenomenon, there is no formal process to guide the offer of these incentives. The process of designing such incentives is often based on internalized judgment rather than on formal models making it difficult to assess such interventions objectively and to improve on them. Specific to South Africa, the offer of incentives to the automotive industry to support its competitiveness has had mixed results. In particular, investment in R&D has remained minimal. The paper presents a system dynamics model as a proposed instrument in formalizing the offer of incentives, applied to the South African government's offer of incentives to the automotive manufacturing sector. The model was developed from qualitative and quantitative information on how the incentives had been structured. Simulations of the model reveal that the incentives model, as a stand-alone intervention, had a significant and positive effect on industry investment, but had no specific policy lever to direct investment into R&D and subsequent innovative activities. By this measure, the incentives model has not been a strong policy framework for supporting long-term industry competitiveness.

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22

Veasey, T. J. "A review of the minerals industry in Zimbabwe." Minerals Engineering 10, no. 12 (December 1997): 1355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0892-6875(97)00126-x.

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23

Viriri, Piason, and Maxwell Phiri. "Determinants of Customer Satisfaction in Zimbabwe Telecommunication Industry." Journal of Communication 8, no. 1 (January 2, 2017): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0976691x.2017.1317495.

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24

Odinokova, Tatyana. "Incentives for Promoting Innovation in Engineering." MATEC Web of Conferences 297 (2019): 08005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929708005.

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Engineering is a major industry in Latvian economy. It ranks third (to wood processing and food industry) in the amount of turnover. Due to the inflow of foreign investment, well-educated labor as well as export potential, engineering and metalworking have a promising outlook. However, this industry lacks competitiveness due to cutting investment and development expenses in this sector, as well as low added value. That said, the government should step up its policies to promote innovation activity of machinery manufacturers.

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25

Mulyadi, Martin Surya, Maya Safira Dewi, Yunita Anwar, and Hanggoro Pamungkas. "Indonesian And Australian Tax Policy Implementation In Food And Agriculture Industry." International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies (2147-4486) 3, no. 1 (January 21, 2014): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijfbs.v3i2.170.

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Tax policy is one of the most important policy in consideration of investment development in certain industry. Research by Newlon (1987), Swenson (1994) and Hines (1996) concluded that tax rate is one of the most important thing considered by investors in a foreign direct investment. One of tax policy could be used to attract foreign direct investment is income tax incentives. The attractiveness of income tax incentives to a foreign direct investment is as much as the attractiveness to a domestic investment (Anwar and Mulyadi, 2012). In this paper, we have conducted a study of income tax incentives in food and agriculture industry; where we conduct a thorough study of income tax incentives and corporate performance in Indonesian and Australian food and agriculture industry. Our research show that there is a significant influence of income tax incentives to corporate performance. Based on our study, we conclude that the significant influence of income tax incentives to Indonesian corporate performance somewhat in a higher degree than the Australian peers. We have also concluded that Indonesian government provide a relatively more interesting income tax incentives compare to Australian government. However, an average method of net income –a method applied in Australia– could be considered by Indonesian government to avoid a market price fluctuation in this industry.

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26

Ahmad, Imtiaz. "The Value of Export Incentives." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 20, no. 2 (July 1, 2015): 99–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2015.v20.i2.a5.

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This study develops a methodology for the comparative analysis of industry-specific export incentives. The impact of different export incentives extended to the textiles sector in India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh is analyzed using industry-level data for the years 2001–11. Our findings show that Bangladesh operates a highly export-oriented regime – of the three countries, the value of its export incentives is highest. The study suggests that, in order to maintain its competitiveness in textile exports, Pakistan needs to enhance its export incentives, particularly for value-added textiles.

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27

Mulyadi, Martin Surya, Maya Safira Dewi, Yunita Anwar, and Hanggoro Pamungkas. "Indonesian And Australian Tax Policy Implementation In Food And Agriculture Industry." International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies (2147-4486) 3, no. 1 (January 19, 2016): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijfbs.v3i1.170.

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<p>Tax policy is one of the most important policy in consideration of investment development in certain industry. Research by Newlon (1987), Swenson (1994) and Hines (1996) concluded that tax rate is one of the most important thing considered by investors in a foreign direct investment. One of tax policy could be used to attract foreign direct investment is income tax incentives. The attractiveness of income tax incentives to a foreign direct investment is as much as the attractiveness to a domestic investment (Anwar and Mulyadi, 2012). In this paper, we have conducted a study of income tax incentives in food and agriculture industry; where we conduct a thorough study of income tax incentives and corporate performance in Indonesian and Australian food and agriculture industry. Our research show that there is a significant influence of income tax incentives to corporate performance. Based on our study, we conclude that the significant influence of income tax incentives to Indonesian corporate performance somewhat in a higher degree than the Australian peers. We have also concluded that Indonesian government provide a relatively more interesting income tax incentives compare to Australian government. However, an average method of net income –a method applied in Australia– could be considered by Indonesian government to avoid a market price fluctuation in this industry.</p>

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28

Beltramini, Richard F., and Patricia S. Chapman. "Do Customers Believe in Automobile Industry Rebate Incentives?" Journal of Advertising Research 43, no. 1 (March 2003): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2501/jar-43-1-16-24.

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29

Wassail, Gregory H., and Doryl A. Hellman. "FINANCIAL INCENTIVES TO INDUSTRY AND URBAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT." Review of Policy Research 4, no. 4 (May 1985): 626–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-1338.1985.tb00310.x.

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30

Kesavayuth, Dusanee, Sang-Ho Lee, and Vasileios Zikos. "Merger and Innovation Incentives in a Differentiated Industry." International Journal of the Economics of Business 25, no. 2 (December 6, 2017): 207–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13571516.2017.1389818.

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31

Burchacz, Marcin, and Jakub Piotrowicz. "Green port incentives in the European cruise industry." Biuletyn Instytutu Morskiego 33, no. 1 (December 12, 2018): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7851.

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This article collects, combines and assess most crucial information regarding practised port dues and incentives in ports which enhance ports’ competitiveness and attract calls of “green” cruise lines. It focuses on the economic and environmental importance of solutions currently used in Europe including Baltic Sea Region with recommendations for the future, presentation of the most crucial and innovative green systems and providing best practices from the other areas.

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32

Segerstrom, Paul S., and James M. Zolnierek. "The R&D Incentives of Industry Leaders." International Economic Review 40, no. 3 (August 1999): 745–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2354.00038.

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33

Register, Charles A., Ansel M. Sharp, and Lonnie K. Stevans. "Profit incentives and the hospital industry: New evidence." Atlantic Economic Journal 16, no. 1 (March 1988): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02304059.

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34

Dawid, Herbert, and Marc Reimann. "Evaluating Market Attractiveness: Individual Incentives Versus Industry Profitability." Computational Economics 24, no. 4 (June 2005): 321–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10614-005-6158-z.

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35

Kranzer, Katharina, Victoria Simms, Tsitsi Bandason, Ethel Dauya, Grace McHugh, Shungu Munyati, Prosper Chonzi, et al. "Economic incentives for HIV testing by adolescents in Zimbabwe: a randomised controlled trial." Lancet HIV 5, no. 2 (February 2018): e79-e86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2352-3018(17)30176-5.

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36

Bizzotto, Jacopo, and Adrien Vigier. "Fees, Reputation, and Information Production in the Credit Rating Industry." American Economic Journal: Microeconomics 13, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.20180170.

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We compare a credit rating agency’s incentives to acquire costly information when it is only paid for giving favorable ratings to the corresponding incentives when the agency is paid up-front, i.e., irrespective of the ratings assigned. We show that, in the presence of moral hazard, contingent fees provide stronger dynamic incentives to acquire information than up-front fees and may induce higher social welfare. When the fee structure is chosen by the agency, contingent fees arise as an equilibrium outcome, in line with the way the market for credit rating actually works. (JEL D21, D82, D83, G24)

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37

Pilossof, Rory. "‘Dollarisation’ in Zimbabwe and the Death of an Industry." Review of African Political Economy 36, no. 120 (June 2009): 294–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03056240903083441.

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38

Chigora, Farai, and Promise Zvavahera. "Strategic Management and Branding Panacea for Surviving in Volatile Environments: Case of Zimbabwe Tourism Industry." Business and Management Horizons 3, no. 2 (November 9, 2015): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/bmh.v3i2.8543.

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The Zimbabwe tourism destination has been rebranded three times between the years 1980 and 2011. It started with the brand name “Discover Zimbabwe” after independence in 1980, to “Africa Paradise” in 1996, then “Zimbabwe a World of Wonders” in 2011. The change was done as an effort to strategically position the country’s tourism destination through an attractive brand. The first two brands failed to change the perceptions of tourists towards Zimbabwe. This study sought to explore strategic factors that might have affected the tourism destination. The research applied both quantitative and qualitative approaches to extract data. The results showed that the majority of tourism players in Zimbabwe used the branding concept separately from strategic management. The study discovered that the failure of the tourism industry is attributed to the failure by the authorities to strategically consult key stakeholders in the formulation of the brand. The study therefore, recommended a brand-strategic model suitable for tourism destinations emphasising on combining branding and strategic management.

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39

Jayaraman, Sudarshan, and Todd Milbourn. "CEO Equity Incentives and Financial Misreporting: The Role of Auditor Expertise." Accounting Review 90, no. 1 (July 1, 2014): 321–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-50854.

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ABSTRACT Prior studies find inconsistent evidence regarding the effect of CEO equity incentives on financial misreporting. We argue that this inconsistency stems from not considering detection mechanisms that mitigate the effect of equity incentives on misreporting by limiting the ability of managers to carry out such manipulative activities. Using auditor industry expertise as one such detection mechanism, we document that CEO equity incentives are positively associated with misreporting only in subsamples where auditor expertise is low, but not where expertise is high. The implication of these results is that auditor expertise lowers the cost of granting equity-based incentives and that firms audited by an industry expert grant their CEOs greater equity incentives. We find strong evidence in favor of this implication. Controlling for previously identified determinants of CEO equity incentives, we find that firms audited by an industry expert grant their CEOs 14 percent more equity incentives than firms audited by a non-expert. To address endogeneity concerns, we use the collapse of Arthur Andersen as a quasi-natural experiment and find analogous evidence. Overall, our study documents the critical role of detection mechanisms in the link between CEO contracting and financial misreporting.

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40

Farias, Hilder André Bezerra, Sérgio Luiz de Medeiros Rivero, and Márcia Jucá Teixeira Diniz. "Negative incentives and sustainability in the amazonian logging industry." Nova Economia 27, no. 3 (December 2017): 363–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6351/2735.

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Abstract: This paper investigates the existence of lock-in of low technology and high environmental impact on Brazilian Amazon logging industry. The research employed evolutionary economics as a theoretical basis, especially the concept of technological trajectories. The duality of decisions involving logging - conventional logging (CL) versus reduced-impact logging (RIL) - was studied. An agent-based simulation model - in which decision-making under bounded rationality is based on a genetic algorithm - was implemented in Java programming language. Results demonstrate the existence of lock-in, producers aversion to risks, greater operational efficiency of sustainable logging, and benefits derived from a policy of environmental bonuses, both in economic and ecological terms.

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41

Whidbee, David A., and Mark Wohar. "Derivative activities and managerial incentives in the banking industry." Journal of Corporate Finance 5, no. 3 (September 1999): 251–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0929-1199(99)00005-x.

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42

Murthi, K. R. Sridhara, and Mukund Kadursrinivas Rao. "India's Space Industry Ecosystem: Challenges of Innovations and Incentives." New Space 3, no. 3 (September 2015): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/space.2015.0013.

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43

Wang, Chenggang, Yin Xia, and Steven Buccola. "Public Investment and Industry Incentives in Life‐Science Research." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 91, no. 2 (May 2009): 374–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8276.2008.01246.x.

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44

Hilt, Eric. "Incentives in Corporations: Evidence from the American Whaling Industry." Journal of Law and Economics 49, no. 1 (April 2006): 197–227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/504057.

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45

Hague, D. J. "Incentives and motivation in the construction industry: a critique." Construction Management and Economics 3, no. 2 (September 1985): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01446198500000012.

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Hubbard, Thomas N. "Affiliation, integration, and information: ownership incentives and industry structure." Journal of Industrial Economics 52, no. 2 (June 2004): 201–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1821.2004.00223.x.

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Bester, Helmut, and Emmanuel Petrakis. "The incentives for cost reduction in a differentiated industry." International Journal of Industrial Organization 11, no. 4 (January 1993): 519–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-7187(93)90023-6.

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Li, Shiyou, Emeka Nwaeze, and Jennifer Yin. "Earnings management in the electric utility industry: profit incentives." Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting 46, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 633–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11156-014-0481-1.

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49

Wentzel, Martha SI, and Maxi Steyn. "Investment promotion in the South African manufacturing industry: incentive comparisons with Malaysia and Singapore." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 17, no. 3 (May 29, 2014): 319–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v17i3.528.

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Abstract:

South Africa needs to increase its inward foreign direct investment in order to achieve economic growth. The purpose of this article is to explore which intervention could be launched in the short term to enhance the country's attractiveness for foreign investors. The findings of the literature review demonstrated that incentives, as a determinant of investment, are the short-term intervention with the most significant potential to attract additional foreign direct investment. A comparative study, which provided insight into the incentives that are currently offered to the manufacturing sectors of three countries (South Africa, Malaysia and Singapore), assisted in identifying two additional incentives that the South African government could introduce and three existing incentives that could be amended. The introduction or modification of these incentives could ensure that South Africa has a competitive advantage to attract investment from foreign investors and thereby increase South Africa's inward foreign direct investment in the manufacturing industry.

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But, Tetiana, Daria Mamotenko, Valentyna Zaytseva, Tetiana Pulina, and Tetiana Bukoros. "Business Innovation in The Hotel Industry." SHS Web of Conferences 100 (2021): 01017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202110001017.

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Today, business innovation is a hot topic. Therefore, it was proposed to use a competence-based approach to assess staff as a business innovation in the hotel industry. The paper investigates the theoretical and methodological principles of hotel staff evaluation using a competency-based approach. Scientific approaches are critically estimated, and aspects applied to material incentives management for hotel staff are analyzed. The scientific and theoretical basis of managing the staff’s material stimulation in the hotel business on the basis of the competency approach is investigated and practical tools of its implementation in the hotel business activities are estimated. Methodical approaches to evaluating staff competencies as a component of material incentives management have been developed. The structure of remuneration and the system of bonuses based on staff competencies evaluation have been formed, which will help increase the efficiency of personnel management in the hotel industry.

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