Academic literature on the topic 'Incremental vertical pushover analysis'
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Journal articles on the topic "Incremental vertical pushover analysis"
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Bergami, Alessandro Vittorio, Liu Xu, and Camillo Nuti. "Proposal of a Modal Pushover Based Incremental Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 847 (July 2016): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.847.333.
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Existing reinforced concrete frame buildings designed for vertical load only could suffer severe damage during earthquakes. In recent years, many research activities have been paid to develop reliable and practical analysis procedure to identify the safety level of existing structures. The research discussed in this paper deals with proposal of an efficient incremental procedure to estimate seismic capacity of irregular structures performing few pushover analysis (one for every relevant modal shape) and applying a series of Modal Pushover Analysis (MPA). This approach, similar to the Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA), replaces the Nonlinear Response History Analyses (NL_RHA) by simple pushover analyses. In this work, this idea, named IMPA (Incremental Modal Pushover Analysis), is proposed for a 3D complex building and this application is described and discussed.
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Bergami, Alessandro Vittorio, Gabriele Fiorentino, Davide Lavorato, Bruno Briseghella, and Camillo Nuti. "Application of the Incremental Modal Pushover Analysis to Bridges Subjected to Near-Fault Ground Motions." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19 (2020): 6738. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10196738.
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Near-fault events can cause severe damage to civil structures, including bridges. Many studies have demonstrated that the seismic assessment is not straightforward. Usually, dealing with near-fault ground motion, the structural analysis is performed using Nonlinear Response-History Analysis (NRHA) but in the last years, many authors have tested existing pushover-based procedures originally developed and validated using far-field events. Between those procedures, the Incremental Modal Pushover Analysis (IMPAβ) is a pushover-based procedure specifically developed for bridges that, in this work, was applied to a case study considering near-fault pulse-like ground motion records. The records were analyzed and selected from the European Strong Motion Database. In the paper the results obtained with IMPAβ together with other standard pushover procedures, are compared with NRHA and incremental dynamic analyses; the vertical component of the motion has been also considered. Results obtained with the bridge case study demonstrate that the vertical seismic action has a minor influence on the structural response and that IMPAβ is confirmed as a very effective pushover-based method that can be applied also for near-fault events.
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Esfandiari, J., and Y. Khezeli. "Seismic behavior evaluation of zipper braced steel frames based on push-over and incremental dynamic analyses." World Journal of Engineering 16, no. 3 (2019): 401–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-11-2018-0389.
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Purpose An analytical investigation is performed on zipper-braced frames. Zipper-braced frames are an innovative bracing system for steel structures. Conventional inverted-V-braced frames exhibit a design problem arising from the unbalanced vertical force generated by the lower story braces when one of them buckles. This adverse effect can be mitigated by adding zipper columns or vertical members connecting the intersection points of the braces above the first floor. Design/methodology/approach This paper critically evaluates over strength, ductility and response modification factors of these structures. To achieve the purpose of this research, several buildings of different stories are considered. Static pushover analysis, linear dynamic analysis and nonlinear incremental dynamic analysis are performed by OpenSees software concerning ten records of past earthquakes. Findings Also, ductility factor, over strength factor and response modification factor, has been calculated for zipper-braced frames system. The values of 3.5 and 5 are suggested for response modification factor in ultimate limit state and allowable stress methods, respectively. Originality/value The fragility curves were plotted for the first time for such kind of braces. It should be mentioned that these curves play significant roles in evaluating seismic damage of buildings.
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Ferraioli, Massimiliano, Alberto Maria Avossa, and Alberto Mandara. "Assessment of Progressive Collapse Capacity of Earthquake-Resistant Steel Moment Frames Using Pushdown Analysis." Open Construction and Building Technology Journal 8, no. 1 (2014): 324–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874836801408010324.
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The study investigates the progressive collapse resisting capacity of earthquake-resistant steel moment-resisting frames subjected to column failure. The aim is to investigate whether these structures are able to resist progressive collapse after column removal, that may represent a situation where an extreme event may cause a critical column to suddenly lose its load bearing capacity. Since the response to this abnormal loading condition is most likely to be dynamic and nonlinear, both nonlinear static and nonlinear dynamic analyses are carried out. The vertical pushover analysis (also called pushdown) is applied with two different procedures. The first one is the traditional procedure generally accepted in current guidelines that increases the load incrementally to a specified level after column has been removed. The second procedure tries to reproduce the timing of progressive collapse and, for this reason, gravity loads are applied to the undamaged structure before column removal. The load-displacement relationships obtained from pushdown analyses are compared with the results of incremental nonlinear dynamic analyses. The effect of various design variables, such as number of stories, number of bays, level of seismic design load, is investigated. The results are eventually used to evaluate the dynamic amplification factor to be applied in pushdown analysis for a more accurate estimation of the collapse resistance.
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Yang, Wenwei, Chao Bao, Xiaotong Ma, and Shangrong Zhang. "Study on Structural Robustness of Isolated Structure Based on Seismic Response." Applied Sciences 8, no. 9 (2018): 1686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8091686.
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The qualitative analysis for structural robustness study subjected to severe earthquakes is unable to meet engineering requirements, and a quantitative analysis method for structural robustness is needed to be proposed. The existing analysis methods, such as Incremental Dynamic Analysis Method and Pushover method, only study the response of the structure directly from the macroscopic view, rather than focusing on the response of a single component on the structure. Especially for the construction of isolated structure, the impact of accidental bearing failure on the isolated structure and the impact of progressive collapse cannot be considered. In this paper, based on the Alternative Load Path Method, the quantitative analysis method for structural robustness analysis under earthquake is proposed. The structural robustness of some different vertical irregular isolated structures under different earthquakes is studied.
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He, Zhiming, and Qingjun Chen. "Vertical Seismic Effect on the Seismic Fragility of Large-Space Underground Structures." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (April 7, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9650294.
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The measured vertical peak ground acceleration was larger than the horizontal peak ground acceleration. It is essential to consider the vertical seismic effect in seismic fragility evaluation of large-space underground structures. In this research, an approach is presented to construct fragility curves of large-space underground structures considering the vertical seismic effect. In seismic capacity, the soil-underground structure pushover analysis method which considers the vertical seismic loading is used to obtain the capacity curve of central columns. The thresholds of performance levels are quantified through a load-drift backbone curve model. In seismic demand, it is evaluated through incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) method under the excitation of horizontal and vertical acceleration, and the soil-structure-interaction and ground motion characteristics are also considered. The IDA results are compared in terms of peak ground acceleration and peak ground velocity. To construct the fragility curves, the evolutions of performance index versus the increasing earthquake intensity are performed, considering related uncertainties. The result indicates that if we ignore the vertical seismic effect to the fragility assessment of large-space underground structures, the exceedance probabilities of damage of large-space underground structures will be underestimated, which will result in an unfavorable assessment result.
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Sobhan, M. S., F. R. Rofooei, and Nader K. A. Attari. "Buckling behavior of the anchored steel tanks under horizontal and vertical ground motions using static pushover and incremental dynamic analyses." Thin-Walled Structures 112 (March 2017): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2016.12.022.
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Kang, Junsuk. "Structural Behaviors of Reinforced Concrete Piers Rehabilitated with FRP Wraps." International Journal of Polymer Science 2017 (2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2989238.
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The use of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) wraps to retrofit and strengthen existing structures such as reinforced concrete piers is becoming popular due to the higher tensile strength, durability, and flexibility gained and the method’s ease of handling and low installation and maintenance costs. As yet, however, few guidelines have been developed for determining the optimum thicknesses of the FRP wraps applied to external surfaces of concrete or masonry structures. In this study, nonlinear pushover finite element analyses were utilized to analyze the complex structural behaviors of FRP-wrapped reinforced rectangular piers. Design parameters such as pier section sizes, pier heights, pier cap lengths, compressive strengths of concrete, and the thicknesses of the FRP wraps used were thoroughly tested under incremental lateral and vertical loads. The results provide useful guidelines for analyzing and designing appropriate FRP wraps for existing concrete piers.
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Peng, Qihui, Wenming Cheng, Hongyu Jia, and Peng Guo. "Fragility Analysis of Gantry Crane Subjected to Near-Field Ground Motions." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (2020): 4219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124219.
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A gantry crane located in a near-field earthquake-prone area is selected in this paper as an example, and the nonlinear finite element (FE) model is used considering the material nonlinearity including plastic hinges and the second order (P − Δ ) effect with a comprehensive consideration of the components including sill beams, support beams, legs, and trolley girders. The local displacement ratio (LDR) and deflection ratio (DR) are proposed as demand measures (DMs) of the gantry crane, which are utilized to construct a probabilistic seismic demand model (PSDM). Then, the capacity limit states for the gantry crane are defined in this study by performing pushover analysis (POA), known as serviceability, damage control, and collapse prevention, respectively. Moreover, the operating capacity of the crane during an earthquake is further investigated and quantified by operating seismic peak ground acceleration, which is defined as the maximum acceleration when the failure probability is 50%. Finally, the fragility curves and the failure probability of the gantry crane are derived by the above definitions, all of which are pioneering in the seismic design of gantry cranes subjected to near-field ground motions. Some major conclusions are drawn that the horizontal component of an earthquake has a more notable effect on the structural damage of the gantry crane compared to the vertical component, and incremental dynamic analysis can take seismic uncertainty into account and quantify the deformation of gantry crane in more detail.
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Azimi, Hossein, Khaled Galal, and Oskar A. Pekau. "Incremental modified pushover analysis." Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings 18, no. 8 (2009): 839–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tal.465.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Incremental vertical pushover analysis"
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Bayraktar, Atilla. "Detailed Evaluation Of An Existing Reinforced Concrete Building Damaged Under Its Own Weight." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613230/index.pdf.
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DETAILED EVALUATION OF AN EXISTING REINFORCED CONCRETE BUILDING DAMAGED UNDER ITS OWN WEIGHT
Bayraktar, Atilla
M.Sc., Department of Civil Engineering
Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Ahmet Yakut
May 2011, 130 pages
A significant part of the Turkey&rsquo<br>s building inventory consists of reinforced concrete frame structures. In addition to that a big part of the existing building inventory in Turkey shows insufficiency in seismic performance damage or failure of structures under their own loads has also been observed.
The failure of Zü<br>mrü<br>t Apartment building that occurred in 2004 in Konya and resulted in the death of 92 people brings the necessity of researches on robustness and reserve capacities of the buildings under gravity loading to front.
In the context of this thesis, the event in Konya that has resulted in the crushing of four columns in Dostlar Building Complex is studied. After the occurrence of the event, the building was visited, plans of existing condition were prepared and pre-assessment was performed. Original plans of the building, strength test results of the concrete samples and reinforcement detection results were obtained. The reasons behind the crushing of the columns have been investigated through a series of analyses based on a number of possible hypotheses. After modeling the building in SAP2000 program, demand-capacity ratios are calculated. Nonlinear behavior of the structure is determined by incremental static pushover analysis and the seismic performance of the building is evaluated by nonlinear procedure described in 2007 Turkish Earthquake Code. To determine the nonlinear behavior under gravity loading and collapse mechanism, incremental vertical pushover analysis is performed.
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Chan, Gordon. "Nonlinear Analysis of Multistory Structures Using "NONLIN"." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31430.
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During the months I have been at Virginia Tech, I have experienced the most exciting time of my life. There are many persons who helped me to pursue my Masterâ s degree. I would like to take this opportunity to express my appreciations to them. I would like to thank my advisor and committee chairman, Dr Finley A. Charney. He has supported me for the entire duration of this project with all of his efforts. Without his assistance, it would have been very difficult for me to learn so many concepts in the field of nonlinear dynamic analysis and practical earthquake engineering. I would also like to acknowledge my other committee members, Dr. Raymond Plaut and Dr. W. Samuel Easterling, for taking the time to review the thesis and providing valuable insights and feedback on this thesis. I would like to thank my father, Chan Kwok Fung, who encouraged me to pursue my Master Degree, and my mother, Yu Yuk Ping, who brought me to life. I would like to thank my sister, Doris Chan, and my girlfriend, Ka Man Chan, for supporting and encouraging me during the past two years at Virginia Tech. Finally, I would like to give thanks to the rest of my family, friends, professors, and fellow graduate students for their help and encouragement during my stay at Virginia Tech.<br>Master of Science
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Campos, Mario Hebling. "Sistema de análise de movimento para avaliação da postura vertical durante a corrida no teste de esforço máximo incremental." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/274744.
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Orientador: Rene Brenzikofer<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T01:10:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Campos_MarioHebling_D.pdf: 6224071 bytes, checksum: c66d59aff4b31c64858f5f1d04d932ed (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2010<br>Resumo: Introdução: Apesar de ser reconhecida a importância da postura vertebral durante a corrida, pouco se sabe sobre este assunto. Não encontramos um método automático de baixo custo para avaliação detalhada da curvatura vertebral durante a locomoção. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver um sistema automático de análise de movimento para a avaliação da postura vertebral durante a corrida no teste de esforço máximo incremental. Materiais e Métodos: Foi desenvolvido um sistema de rastreamento automático de marcadores retro-refletivos colocados na coluna vertebral, com três câmeras de luz visível de baixo custo. Iluminadores foram construídos com Led de alto brilho para serem acoplados às câmeras. Em Matlab, foi desenvolvido um software para processamento de imagem digital e análise. Foi implementado um algoritmo de rastreamento automático que utiliza pontos de controle para previsão da trajetória dos pontos da coluna vertebral. O DLT foi implementado para a reconstrução 3D. Quinze atletas amadores foram avaliados (10,4 ± 68,6 kg, 1,73 ± 0,09 m, 41,8 ± 12,2 anos). Quatro destes voluntários realizaram um pré-teste, três semanas antes. Foi quantificada a curvatura geométrica 2D da coluna projetada nos planos sagital e frontal de um sistema local instantâneo de coordenadas no tronco, com origem na Junção Tóraco-Lombar Geométrica (GJTL), um ponto de inflexão da coluna exibido no plano sagital, na região de T12. A postura vertebral foi descrita pela Curva Neutra, a postura média apresentada no ciclo da passada. Foi avaliada a variabilidade intra e inter-individual da Curva Neutra no teste de esforço. A reprodutibilidade entre dias desta variável foi estimada e comparada com variáveis angulares. Resultados e Discussão: O rastreamento dos marcadores com os pontos de controle permitiu o rastreamento automático de todo o teste de esforço máximo, mesmo com o ruído presente nas imagens das câmeras de luz visível, oclusão, impacto e a proximidade de 2,3 ± 0,3cm entre os marcadores posicionados ao longo da coluna vertebral. A acurácia do sistema foi avaliada em 0,55mm e 0,81°. A Curva Neutra é estável e apresentou características individuais no teste de esforço. Por outro lado, no plano sagital, houve um aumento progressivo e linear (p <0,05) do pico de curvatura da Curva de Neutra, especialmente na região lombar que apresentou a maior variação. No plano frontal, na fase final do teste de esforço, houve um aumento significativo (p <0,05) do pico de curvatura na parte superior da coluna torácica, sugerindo que a eminência de fadiga provoca um aumento dos desvios laterais nessa região. Os picos de curvatura da Curva Neutra apresentaram maior reprodutibilidade entre dias do que as variáveis angulares e, ao contrário destas, não dependem da identificação exata do processo espinhoso de T12 com palpação. Conclusão: O sistema proposto mostrou-se eficiente e acurado. A Curva Neutra é uma boa descritora da postura vertebral durante a corrida.<br>Abstract: Introduction: Although it recognized the importance of spinal posture during running, little is known about this subject. We did not find a low cost and automatic method for detailed evaluation of spinal curvature during gait. The purpose of this study was to develop an automatic motion analysis system for evaluation of the spinal posture during running in the incremental maximum effort test. Materials and Methods: We developed a system for automatic tracking of retro-reflective markers placed on the spine, with three low cost cameras of visible light. Were built illuminators with high brightness Led to be attached to the cameras. In Matlab, was developed a software for digital image processing and analysis. Was implemented an algorithm for automatic tracking that uses control points for prediction of the trajectory of the points in the spine. The DLT was implemented for 3D reconstruction. Fifteen amateur athletes were avaluated (10.4 ± 68.6 kg, 1.73 ± 0.09 m, 41.8 ± 12.2 years). Four of these volunteers performed a pretest, three weeks before. Was quantified the 2D geometric curvature of the spine projected in the sagittal and frontal planes of an instantaneous local coordinate system at the trunk with origin at the Geometric Junction Thoraco-Lumbar (GJTL), a inflection point of the column displayed in the sagittal plane, close to T12. The Neutral Curve, the average posture presented in the gait cycle, was adopted as a descriptor of the spinal posture. It was measured the intra and intersubject variability of the Neutral Curve in the effort test. The inter-day repeatability of this variable was estimated and compared with angular variables. Results and Discussion: Tracking markers with control points enabled the automatic tracking throughout the maximum effort test, even with the image noise of the visible light cameras, occlusion, impact and the proximity of 2,3 ± 0,3cm between the markers positioned along the spine. The accuracy of the system was 0,55mm and 0,81°. The Neutral Curve is stable and presented individual caracteristcs in the effort test. On the other hand, in the sagittal plane, there was a progressive and linear increase (p <0.05) of the curvature peak of the Neutral Curve, especially in the lumbar region that showed the greatest variation. In the frontal plane, in the final stages of the effort test, there was a significant increase (p <0,05) of the curvature peak in the upper thoracic spine, suggesting that the eminence of fatigue causes an increase in lateral deviations in that region. The curvature peaks of the Neutral Curve showed higher inter-day reproducibility than angular variables and, unlike these, do not depend on the exact identification of the spinous process of T12 with palpation. Conclusion: The proposed system proved to be efficient and accurate. The Neutral Curve is a good descriptor of the spinal posture during running.<br>Doutorado<br>Biodinamica do Movimento Humano<br>Doutor em Educação Física
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Spears, Paul Wesley. "Parameters Influencing Seismic Structural Collapse with Emphasis on Vertical Accelerations and the Possible Related Risks for New and Existing Structures in the Central and Eastern United States." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42793.
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This thesis presents the results of basically two separate studies. The first study involved identifying structural and earthquake parameters that influenced seismic structural collapse. The parameter study involved nonlinear dynamic analyses using single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) bilinear models. Four parameters were associated with the SDOF models â the lateral stiffness, the post-yield stiffness ratio, the yield strength, and the stability ratio (P-Delta effects). Then, three parameters were associated with the ground motions â the records themselves, the lateral ground motion scales, and the vertical ground motion scales.<p>
From the parameter study, it was found that the post-yield stiffness ratio augmented by P-Delta effects (rp) in conjunction with the ductility demand was the best predictor of collapse. These two quantities include all four structural parameters and the seismic displacement demands. It was also discovered in the parameter study that vertical accelerations did not significantly influence lateral displacements unless a given combination of model and earthquake parameters was altered such that the model was on the verge of collapsing.<p>
The second study involved Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) using bilinear SDOF models representative of low rise buildings in both the Western United States (WUS) and the Central and Eastern United States (CEUS). Models were created that represented three, five, seven, and nine story buildings. Five sites from both the WUS and CEUS were used. Four different damage measures were used to assess the performance of the buildings. The IDA study was primarily interested in the response of the structures between the earthquake intensities that have a 10 percent probability of occurring in 50 years (10/50) and 2 percent probability of occurring in 50 years (2/50).<p>
The results showed that all structures could be in danger of severe damage and possible collapse, depending on which damage measure and which earthquake was used. It is important to note, though, that the aforementioned is based on a damage-based collapse rule. The damage-based rule results were highly variable.<p>
Using an intensity-based collapse rule, proved to be more consistent. Due to the nature of the bilinear models, only those structures with negative rp values ever collapsed using an intensity-based collapse rule. Most of the WUS models had positive rp values and many of the CEUS models had negative rp values. While many of the CEUS structures had negative rp values, which made them prone to collapse, most of the CEUS structures analyzed did not collapse at the 2/50 intensity. The reason was that the periods of the CEUS models were much longer than the approximate periods that were required to determine the strengths. Consequently, the strength capacity of most of the CEUS models was much greater than the seismic strength demands. While many of the CEUS models did have sudden collapses due to the large negative rp values, the collapses happened at intensities that were generally much higher than the 2/50 event.<p>
In the IDA, it was also shown that vertical accelerations can significantly affect the ductility demands of a model with a negative rp post-yield stiffness ratio as the earthquake intensity approaches the collapse intensity. Since IDA is concerned with establishing collapse limit states, it seems that the most accurate collapse assessments would include vertical accelerations.<br>Master of Science
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Jovaševic, Slobodanka. "Parametric study on seismic behaviour of dual-concentrically braced steel frames." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/38642.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Construção Metálica e Mista apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra.<br>The earthquake resistance design plays an essential role in the design of steel structures. Cyclic
behaviour of beam-to-column in crucial in seismic behaviour of moment resisting steel frames.
At the moment, the European design code in practice does not provide analytical tools to
predict rotational capacity and cyclic performance of selected connection typology, but the
code requires design supported by experimental testing or existing data on experimental tests
performed on similar connections, what is unfeasible from designer’s point of view. A
European project has recently been started with the aim to develop design tool with typical
beam-to-column connections used in European practice. In that way, designers will be able to
directly use pre-qualified connection without performing experimental tests or literature
reviews. One part of this European project is to estimate the seismic demand of the joints in
typical D-CBF frames. In order to achieve these objectives seismic performance and dynamic
response were estimated on basic of non-linear static analysis and non-linear time history
analysis. Numerical models were create in order to perform non-linear static and dynamic
analysis using OPENSEES software. Both analysis were performed in accordance with current
European design code. The results of non-linear static analysis are presented in form of
pushover curve and schematic illustration of formed plastic hinges. Dynamic response was
estimated in term of i) maximum floor acceleration, ii) maximum interstorey drift ratio, iii)
residual interstorey drift ratio and iv) maximum beam rotation ratio (at the exterior, one-side
beam-column joints) at three performance levels: design (D), near collapse (NC) and twice
near collapse (2xNC). As main conclusion, the analyses have showed that lateral resistance of
D-CBFs is suddenly decrease when brace in compression buckles. This decrease is immediately
followed by an increase of lateral stiffness. In seismic demand between selected parameters
an important rule have hazard level and height of a structure.
Book chapters on the topic "Incremental vertical pushover analysis"
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Vargas, Yeudy F., Luis G. Pujades, Alex H. Barbat, and Jorge E. Hurtado. "Incremental Dynamic Analysis and Pushover Analysis of Buildings. A Probabilistic Comparison." In Computational Methods in Stochastic Dynamics. Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5134-7_17.
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Bergami, A. V., D. Lavorato, G. Fiorentino, and C. Nuti. "Incremental Modal Pushover Analysis (IMPA) for bridges." In Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Life-Cycle Sustainability and Innovations. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429279119-397.
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Wahab, M., A. Kamal, and V. Kurian. "Incremental wave analysis method: An alternative to load factor method in SACS pushover analysis." In Civil, Offshore and Environmental Engineering. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b21942-13.
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Wahab, M. M. A., A. R. M. M. Kamal, and V. J. Kurian. "Incremental wave analysis method: An alternative to load factor method in SACS pushover analysis." In Engineering Challenges for Sustainable Future. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.9774/gleaf.9781315375052_12.
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Marks II, Robert J. "Applications." In Handbook of Fourier Analysis & Its Applications. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195335927.003.0018.
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Fourier discovered the Fourier series as a solution to a boundary value problem [33, 303, 512, 620] related to the heat wave equation. Fourier’s work on heat is still in print [455]. In this section, we derive the wave equation for the vibrating string and show how the Fourier series is used in its solution. The solution, in turn, gives rise to the physics of harmonics used as the foundation of music harmony. We contrast the natural harmony of the overtones to that available from the tempered scale of western music. The tempered scale is able to accurately approximate the beauty of natural harmony using a uniformly calibrated frequency scale. The wave equation is manifest in analysis of physical phenomena that display wave like properties. This includes electromagnetic waves, heat waves, and acoustic waves. We consider the case of the simple vibrating string. A string under horizontal tension T is subjected to a small vertical displacement, y = y(x, t), that is a function of time, t, and location, x. As illustrated in Figure 13.1, attention is focused on an incremental piece of the string from x to x +Dx. Under the small displacement assumption, there is no movement of the string horizontally (i.e., in the x direction), and the horizontal forces must sum to zero. T = T1 cos(θ1) = T2 cos(θ2). Let the linear mass density (i.e., mass per unit length) of the string be ρ. The mass of the incremental piece of string is then ρ. The total vertical force acting on the string is T2 cos(θ2) − T1 cos(θ1).
Conference papers on the topic "Incremental vertical pushover analysis"
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Mondal, Sujan, A. Krishna Rao, and K. Srinivas. "Seismic performance assessment of vertical irregular buildings using pushover analysis." In SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES (NIBS 2020). AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0058008.
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Asgarian, B., and A. Raziei. "Comparison of Incremental Dynamic and Pushover Analysis of Jacket Type Offshore Platforms." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29469.
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Jacket Type Offshore Platforms show nonlinear behaviors under strong ground motions result from nonlinear behaviors of soil, pile and jacket members. Nonlinear behavior study isn’t carried out accurately unless an accurate and suitable analytical method is selected. The main focus of this paper is the soil-pile-structure interaction analysis of the jacket type offshore platforms subjected to strong ground motion. A nonlinear dynamic analysis shows a true response if a logical model and an accurate theory are selected. In addition to nonlinear dynamic analysis, nonlinear static analysis is also carried out in this paper and results of the static nonlinear and dynamic nonlinear analyses have been compared. It was concluded that nonlinear static analysis can be used under some conditions instead of nonlinear dynamic analysis.
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Zhou, X. L., H. L. Lu, Z. Tang, and Y. Ye. "Research on modified incremental pushover analysis considering dynamic characteristics of damaged structures." In 2016 5th International Conference on Civil, Architectural and Hydraulic Engineering (ICCAHE 2016). Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iccahe-16.2016.88.
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Wieschollek, Matthias, Kalliopi Diamanti, Marius Pinkawa, Benno Hoffmeister, and Markus Feldmann. "Guidelines for Seismic Design and Analysis of Pressure Vessels." In ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-97435.
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An adequate design of pressure vessels, also for seismic actions, is crucial in particular if due to hazardous content the consequences of failure may become very severe. While very detailed and specific seismic design rules for structural buildings are provided by several codes, such rules are missing for pressure vessels. This paper describes the results of a study on seismic performance and applicability of existing European and American codes to pressure vessels with cylindrical and spherical shapes and provides a comparison of design outcomes according to these codes. The investigations were performed for different case studies of existing pressure vessels which were selected to be representative for the current practice. The studies comprised numerical investigations as well as simplified models for the estimation of the dynamic properties of the vessel structures. The applicability of behaviour factors was discussed based on proposals made by European and American codes, so that finally recommendations for the behaviour factor of pressure vessels with different shapes and types of supports have been developed based on pushover analyses and non-linear incremental dynamic analyses.
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Allahvirdizadeh, Reza, Daniel V. Oliveira, and Rui A. Silva. "In-Plane Seismic Performance of Plain and TRM-Strengthened Rammed Earth Components." In IABSE Symposium, Guimarães 2019: Towards a Resilient Built Environment Risk and Asset Management. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/guimaraes.2019.0924.
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<p>Raw earth is one of the most widely used building materials and is employed in different techniques, among which adobe and rammed earth are the most common. The respective structural systems, like in masonry buildings, acceptably withstand against gravity loads, though they are significantly vulnerable to earthquakes. Moreover, a great percentage of the World’s population is still inhabited in such environments, which are endangered by future earthquakes. The current article investigates the seismic in-plane performance of an I-shaped rammed earth component by means of advanced nonlinear finite element modelling. In this regard, conventional pushover analyses were conducted to evaluate load/displacement capacities and to assess probable failure modes. It was observed that the component fails mainly due to detachment of the wing walls from the web wall and due to occurrence of diagonal shear cracks at the web. Subsequently, the application of Textile Reinforced Mortar (TRM) strengthening solution to the component was studied and shown to be able to maintain the integrity of the component for larger lateral load levels. Finally, the reliability of the pushover analyses to predict the seismic response was evaluated by comparison with outcomes from incremental nonlinear dynamic analysis.</p>
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Ozguc, O., P. K. Das, and N. D. P. Barltrop. "Analysis on the Hull Girder Ultimate Strength of a Bulk Carrier Using Simplified Method Based on an Incremental–Iterative Approach." In 25th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2006-92338.
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The hull girder ultimate strength of a typical bulk carrier is analyzed using simplified method based on an incremental–iterative approach. First, vertical bending moment is examined by seven different methods. The moment versus curvature curves and the values of the ultimate longitudinal moments at collapse states are determined for both hogging and sagging cases. Secondly, the ultimate strength under coupled vertical and horizontal bending moment is accounted. An interaction curve is obtained corresponding to the results of series of calculation for the ship hull subject to bending conditions with different angles of curvature. It is found that the interaction curve is asymmetrical because the hull cross-section is not symmetrical with respect to horizontal axis and the structural response of the elements under compression is different from that under tension due to nonlinearity caused by buckling. The angles of the resultant bending moment vector and that of the curvature vector are different in investigated cases. The interaction design equations proposed by other researches are also addressed to discuss the results presented by this study.
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Farroni, Flavio, Michele Russo, Riccardo Russo, and Francesco Timpone. "Tyre-Road Interaction: Experimental Investigations About the Friction Coefficient Dependence on Contact Pressure, Road Roughness, Slide Velocity and Temperature." In ASME 2012 11th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2012-82160.
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In this paper the results of an experimental activity carried out with the aim to investigate on the frictional behaviour of visco-elastic materials in sliding contact with road asperities is presented. Experiments are carried out using a prototype of pin on disk machine whose pin is constituted by a specimen of rubber coming from a commercial tyre while the disk may be in glass, marble or abrasive paper. Tests are performed both in dry and wet conditions. Roughness of the disk materials is evaluated by a tester and by a laser scan device. Temperature in proximity of the contact patch is measured by pyrometer pointed on the disk surface in the pin trailing edge, while room temperature is measured by a thermocouple. Sliding velocity is imposed by an inverter controlled motor driving the disk and measured by an incremental encoder. Vertical load is imposed applying calibrated weights on the pin and friction coefficients are measured acquiring the longitudinal forces signal by means of a load cell. As regards to the road roughness, the experimental results show a marked dependence with road Ra index. Dry and wet tests performed on different micro-roughness profiles (i.e. glass and marble) highlighted that friction coefficient in dry conditions is greater on smoother surfaces, while an opposite tendency is shown in wet conditions. Although affected by uncertainties the results confirm the dependence of friction on temperature, vertical load and track conditions.
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Bhullar, Bhupinder Singh, D. Gangacharyulu, and Ram Gopal Tathgir. "An Experimental Investigation on Thermal Analysis of Loop Heat Pipe." In ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2007-32488.
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With the incremental heat dissipation requirements of the CPU and intricate electronic circuits requiring flexible piping for the extraction of large amount of heat, a loop heat pipe [LHP] is studied and empirically designed. An experimental study of a LHP has been conducted under the natural convection conditions taking into consideration the variable heat inputs and the quantities of working fluid. The LHP made of copper tubing with horizontal evaporator having a brass mesh wick have been studied and presented for various heat inputs 25 W, 50 W, 75 W, 100 W, 125 W and 150 W. The heat was transferred to the evaporator by constructing a parallel flow heat exchanger. The study was conducted at a vertical orientation using distilled water as the working fluid. Exhaustive attempt has been done in analyzing the effect of various quantities of working fluid (120 gm, 125 gm, 130 gm, 135 gm and 140 gm) on heat transfer parameters. The results includes an achievement of an averaged value of LHP efficiency of 94%, irrespective of the power input in the range of 25 W to 150 W, when working fluid is filled at 40% (130 gm) of evaporator volume. Another credited feature is the attainment of a constant value of LHP efficiency within the range of 75 W to 150 W irrespective of the change in the mass of working fluid.
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Agheshlui, Hossein. "Effect of Bracing Configurations on the Lateral Behavior of Jacket Type Offshore Platforms, Considering Pile-Soil-Structure Interaction." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-20010.
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The configuration of braces has a considerable influence in the lateral behavior of pile supported steel jacket type offshore platforms. In this paper nonlinear static push over analyses and hysteresis curves are used to investigate lateral behavior of a jacket type offshore platform considering different configurations for vertical bracings of the jacket. One sample platform, constructed in Persian Gulf, is precisely modeled using the finite element program Opensees. Since the lateral response of offshore platforms is completely dependent on their foundations’ behavior, an accurate model is used for modeling the foundation of this structure. Soil-pile-structure interaction is considered using Beam on Nonlinear Winkler Foundation model (BNWF). Lateral and vertical soil stiffness and end bearing were considered using p-y, t-z and q-z nonlinear models, respectively. Moreover, the buckling behavior of the braces is considered in the simulation of the platform to consider the behavior of the platform after buckling, and redistribution of the shear forces in the structure due to the bracings failures. The structure was modeled using nonlinear beam-column elements which have the ability to consider the spread of plasticity along the elements. The sections used for elements are fiber sections which are suitable for considering composite section of pile-grout-leg. Displacement controlled nonlinear static pushover analysis and cyclic loading analysis are conducted applying lateral load which its pattern is according to the predominant vibration modes. Three different configurations for lateral bracings are assumed and the behavior of the platform using these three bracing forms is investigated. The first configuration considered is the original bracing of the platform which is a combination of X and chevron braces; the second one is a case in that X braces were used in all of the bays of the jacket; and in the third form chevron braces are used for all of the bays. According to the push over and hysteresis curves, it is concluded that in the jacket modeled using X vertical braces, lateral load capacity, ductility, residual strength ratio and the absorbed energy in cyclic loadings are considerably more than the jackets which were modeled using a combination of chevron and X braces or just chevron braces. In comparison with the jacket modeled using only chevron braces, the jacket constructed using a combination of X and chevron bracings presents better lateral behavior and capacity.
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Zeinoddini, M., S. M. Sadrossadat, and G. A. R. Parke. "Nonlinear Seismic Analysis of Free Spanning Submarine Pipelines: Effects of Pipe-Water Interaction." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57781.
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The seismic response of free spanning submarine pipelines has received little attention in the literature. This paper deals with this subject and its main focus is on water-pipeline interaction during the event. The added mass approach provides a simple water-pipeline interaction model which is commonly used for the dynamic analysis of submarine pipelines. With free spans, however, earthquake components normal to the seabed also contribute to the dynamic pressures inputs to the pipeline. The line, therefore, becomes subject to loads which might be overlooked in a simplified added mass approach. To provide a more accurate estimation for the water-pipeline interaction, the pipe body, the sea bed, the free-spanning and the surrounding water have been incorporated in a numerical finite element model. The accuracy of the model has been verified by correlating the dynamic characteristics of the model with some analytical solutions. The models have then been analyzed under both harmonic excitations and extreme ground motion records. The site effects have been ignored. Both the horizontal and vertical excitations have been considered. A non-linear incremental direct integration dynamic analysis approach has been employed. Deviations up to 14% have been observed between the model predictions and those from the simple added mass method. The maximum deviation has been found to occur when the frequency contents of the excitation has been close to the first natural frequency of the free spanning pipe.