Journal articles: 'Incremental vertical pushover analysis'

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Bergami, Alessandro Vittorio, Liu Xu, and Camillo Nuti. "Proposal of a Modal Pushover Based Incremental Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 847 (July 2016): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.847.333.

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Existing reinforced concrete frame buildings designed for vertical load only could suffer severe damage during earthquakes. In recent years, many research activities have been paid to develop reliable and practical analysis procedure to identify the safety level of existing structures. The research discussed in this paper deals with proposal of an efficient incremental procedure to estimate seismic capacity of irregular structures performing few pushover analysis (one for every relevant modal shape) and applying a series of Modal Pushover Analysis (MPA). This approach, similar to the Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA), replaces the Nonlinear Response History Analyses (NL_RHA) by simple pushover analyses. In this work, this idea, named IMPA (Incremental Modal Pushover Analysis), is proposed for a 3D complex building and this application is described and discussed.

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Bergami, Alessandro Vittorio, Gabriele Fiorentino, Davide Lavorato, Bruno Briseghella, and Camillo Nuti. "Application of the Incremental Modal Pushover Analysis to Bridges Subjected to Near-Fault Ground Motions." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19 (September 26, 2020): 6738. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10196738.

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Near-fault events can cause severe damage to civil structures, including bridges. Many studies have demonstrated that the seismic assessment is not straightforward. Usually, dealing with near-fault ground motion, the structural analysis is performed using Nonlinear Response-History Analysis (NRHA) but in the last years, many authors have tested existing pushover-based procedures originally developed and validated using far-field events. Between those procedures, the Incremental Modal Pushover Analysis (IMPAβ) is a pushover-based procedure specifically developed for bridges that, in this work, was applied to a case study considering near-fault pulse-like ground motion records. The records were analyzed and selected from the European Strong Motion Database. In the paper the results obtained with IMPAβ together with other standard pushover procedures, are compared with NRHA and incremental dynamic analyses; the vertical component of the motion has been also considered. Results obtained with the bridge case study demonstrate that the vertical seismic action has a minor influence on the structural response and that IMPAβ is confirmed as a very effective pushover-based method that can be applied also for near-fault events.

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Esfandiari, J., and Y. Khezeli. "Seismic behavior evaluation of zipper braced steel frames based on push-over and incremental dynamic analyses." World Journal of Engineering 16, no. 3 (June 10, 2019): 401–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-11-2018-0389.

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Purpose An analytical investigation is performed on zipper-braced frames. Zipper-braced frames are an innovative bracing system for steel structures. Conventional inverted-V-braced frames exhibit a design problem arising from the unbalanced vertical force generated by the lower story braces when one of them buckles. This adverse effect can be mitigated by adding zipper columns or vertical members connecting the intersection points of the braces above the first floor. Design/methodology/approach This paper critically evaluates over strength, ductility and response modification factors of these structures. To achieve the purpose of this research, several buildings of different stories are considered. Static pushover analysis, linear dynamic analysis and nonlinear incremental dynamic analysis are performed by OpenSees software concerning ten records of past earthquakes. Findings Also, ductility factor, over strength factor and response modification factor, has been calculated for zipper-braced frames system. The values of 3.5 and 5 are suggested for response modification factor in ultimate limit state and allowable stress methods, respectively. Originality/value The fragility curves were plotted for the first time for such kind of braces. It should be mentioned that these curves play significant roles in evaluating seismic damage of buildings.

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Ferraioli, Massimiliano, Alberto Maria Avossa, and Alberto Mandara. "Assessment of Progressive Collapse Capacity of Earthquake-Resistant Steel Moment Frames Using Pushdown Analysis." Open Construction and Building Technology Journal 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2014): 324–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874836801408010324.

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The study investigates the progressive collapse resisting capacity of earthquake-resistant steel moment-resisting frames subjected to column failure. The aim is to investigate whether these structures are able to resist progressive collapse after column removal, that may represent a situation where an extreme event may cause a critical column to suddenly lose its load bearing capacity. Since the response to this abnormal loading condition is most likely to be dynamic and nonlinear, both nonlinear static and nonlinear dynamic analyses are carried out. The vertical pushover analysis (also called pushdown) is applied with two different procedures. The first one is the traditional procedure generally accepted in current guidelines that increases the load incrementally to a specified level after column has been removed. The second procedure tries to reproduce the timing of progressive collapse and, for this reason, gravity loads are applied to the undamaged structure before column removal. The load-displacement relationships obtained from pushdown analyses are compared with the results of incremental nonlinear dynamic analyses. The effect of various design variables, such as number of stories, number of bays, level of seismic design load, is investigated. The results are eventually used to evaluate the dynamic amplification factor to be applied in pushdown analysis for a more accurate estimation of the collapse resistance.

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Yang, Wenwei, Chao Bao, Xiaotong Ma, and Shangrong Zhang. "Study on Structural Robustness of Isolated Structure Based on Seismic Response." Applied Sciences 8, no. 9 (September 18, 2018): 1686. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8091686.

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The qualitative analysis for structural robustness study subjected to severe earthquakes is unable to meet engineering requirements, and a quantitative analysis method for structural robustness is needed to be proposed. The existing analysis methods, such as Incremental Dynamic Analysis Method and Pushover method, only study the response of the structure directly from the macroscopic view, rather than focusing on the response of a single component on the structure. Especially for the construction of isolated structure, the impact of accidental bearing failure on the isolated structure and the impact of progressive collapse cannot be considered. In this paper, based on the Alternative Load Path Method, the quantitative analysis method for structural robustness analysis under earthquake is proposed. The structural robustness of some different vertical irregular isolated structures under different earthquakes is studied.

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He, Zhiming, and Qingjun Chen. "Vertical Seismic Effect on the Seismic Fragility of Large-Space Underground Structures." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (April 7, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9650294.

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The measured vertical peak ground acceleration was larger than the horizontal peak ground acceleration. It is essential to consider the vertical seismic effect in seismic fragility evaluation of large-space underground structures. In this research, an approach is presented to construct fragility curves of large-space underground structures considering the vertical seismic effect. In seismic capacity, the soil-underground structure pushover analysis method which considers the vertical seismic loading is used to obtain the capacity curve of central columns. The thresholds of performance levels are quantified through a load-drift backbone curve model. In seismic demand, it is evaluated through incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) method under the excitation of horizontal and vertical acceleration, and the soil-structure-interaction and ground motion characteristics are also considered. The IDA results are compared in terms of peak ground acceleration and peak ground velocity. To construct the fragility curves, the evolutions of performance index versus the increasing earthquake intensity are performed, considering related uncertainties. The result indicates that if we ignore the vertical seismic effect to the fragility assessment of large-space underground structures, the exceedance probabilities of damage of large-space underground structures will be underestimated, which will result in an unfavorable assessment result.

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Sobhan, M. S., F. R. Rofooei, and Nader K. A. Attari. "Buckling behavior of the anchored steel tanks under horizontal and vertical ground motions using static pushover and incremental dynamic analyses." Thin-Walled Structures 112 (March 2017): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2016.12.022.

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Kang, Junsuk. "Structural Behaviors of Reinforced Concrete Piers Rehabilitated with FRP Wraps." International Journal of Polymer Science 2017 (2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2989238.

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The use of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) wraps to retrofit and strengthen existing structures such as reinforced concrete piers is becoming popular due to the higher tensile strength, durability, and flexibility gained and the method’s ease of handling and low installation and maintenance costs. As yet, however, few guidelines have been developed for determining the optimum thicknesses of the FRP wraps applied to external surfaces of concrete or masonry structures. In this study, nonlinear pushover finite element analyses were utilized to analyze the complex structural behaviors of FRP-wrapped reinforced rectangular piers. Design parameters such as pier section sizes, pier heights, pier cap lengths, compressive strengths of concrete, and the thicknesses of the FRP wraps used were thoroughly tested under incremental lateral and vertical loads. The results provide useful guidelines for analyzing and designing appropriate FRP wraps for existing concrete piers.

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Peng, Qihui, Wenming Cheng, Hongyu Jia, and Peng Guo. "Fragility Analysis of Gantry Crane Subjected to Near-Field Ground Motions." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (June 19, 2020): 4219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124219.

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A gantry crane located in a near-field earthquake-prone area is selected in this paper as an example, and the nonlinear finite element (FE) model is used considering the material nonlinearity including plastic hinges and the second order (P − Δ ) effect with a comprehensive consideration of the components including sill beams, support beams, legs, and trolley girders. The local displacement ratio (LDR) and deflection ratio (DR) are proposed as demand measures (DMs) of the gantry crane, which are utilized to construct a probabilistic seismic demand model (PSDM). Then, the capacity limit states for the gantry crane are defined in this study by performing pushover analysis (POA), known as serviceability, damage control, and collapse prevention, respectively. Moreover, the operating capacity of the crane during an earthquake is further investigated and quantified by operating seismic peak ground acceleration, which is defined as the maximum acceleration when the failure probability is 50%. Finally, the fragility curves and the failure probability of the gantry crane are derived by the above definitions, all of which are pioneering in the seismic design of gantry cranes subjected to near-field ground motions. Some major conclusions are drawn that the horizontal component of an earthquake has a more notable effect on the structural damage of the gantry crane compared to the vertical component, and incremental dynamic analysis can take seismic uncertainty into account and quantify the deformation of gantry crane in more detail.

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Azimi, Hossein, Khaled Galal, and Oskar A. Pekau. "Incremental modified pushover analysis." Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings 18, no. 8 (December 2009): 839–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tal.465.

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Bergami, Alessandro Vittorio, Camillo Nuti, Davide Lavorato, Gabriele Fiorentino, and Bruno Briseghella. "IMPAβ: Incremental Modal Pushover Analysis for Bridges." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (June 22, 2020): 4287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124287.

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In the present study, the incremental modal pushover analysis (IMPA), a pushover-based approach already proposed and applied to buildings by the same authors, was revised and proposed for bridges (IMPAβ). Pushover analysis considers the effects of higher modes on the structural response. Bridges are structurally very different from multi-story buildings, where multimodal pushover (MPA) has been developed and is currently used. In bridges, consideration for higher modes is often necessary: The responses of some structural elements of the bridge (e.g., piers) influence the overall bridge response. Therefore, the failure of these elements can determine the failure of the whole structure, even if they give a small contribution total base shear. Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) requires input accelerograms for high intensities, which are rare in the databases, while scaling of generated accelerograms with a simple increment of the scaling acceleration is not appropriate. This fact renders IDA, which is by its nature time-consuming, not straightforward. On the contrary, the change of input spectrum required by IMPA is simple. IMPAβ also utilizes a simple complementary method coupled to MPA, to obtain bounds at very high seismic intensities. Finally, the two incremental methods based on static nonlinear and dynamic nonlinear analyses are compared.

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Zheng, Zhi, Changhai Zhai, Xu Bao, and Xiaolan Pan. "Seismic capacity estimation of a reinforced concrete containment building considering bidirectional cyclic effect." Advances in Structural Engineering 22, no. 5 (October 25, 2018): 1106–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433218806034.

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This study serves to estimate the seismic capacity of the reinforced concrete containment building considering its bidirectional cyclic effect and variations of energy. The implementation of the capacity estimation has been performed by extending two well-known methods: nonlinear static pushover and incremental dynamic analysis. The displacement and dissipated energy demands are obtained from the static pushover analysis considering bidirectional cyclic effect. In total, 18 bidirectional earthquake intensity parameters are developed to perform the incremental dynamic analysis for the reinforced concrete containment building. Results show that the bidirectional static pushover analysis tends to decrease the capacity of the reinforced concrete containment building in comparison with unidirectional static pushover analysis. The 5% damped first-mode geometric mean spectral acceleration strongly correlates with the maximum top displacement of the containment building. The comparison of the incremental dynamic analysis and static pushover curves is employed to determine the seismic capacity of the reinforced concrete containment building. It is concluded that bidirectional static pushover and incremental dynamic analysis studies can be used in performance evaluation and capacity estimation of reinforced concrete containment buildings under bidirectional earthquake excitations.

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Ahmadi, Hamid Reza, Navideh Mahdavi, and Mahmoud Bayat. "Applying Adaptive Pushover Analysis to Estimate Incremental Dynamic Analysis Curve." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 14, no. 04 (February 27, 2020): 2050016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431120500165.

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To estimate seismic demand and capacity of structures, it has been suggested by researchers that Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) is one of the most accurate methods. Although this method shows the most accurate response of the structure, some problems, such as difficulty in modeling, time-consuming analysis and selection of the earthquake records, encourage researchers to find some ways to estimate the dynamic response of structures by using static nonlinear analysis. The simplicity of pushover analysis in evaluating structural nonlinear response serves well as an alternative to the time-history analysis method. In this paper, based on the concepts of the displacement-based adaptive pushover (DAP), a new approach is proposed to estimate the IDA curves. The performance of the proposed method has been investigated using 3- and 9-story moment-resisting frames. In addition, the results were compared with exact IDA curves and IDA curves developed by the modal pushover analysis (MPA) based method. For evaluation, IDA curves with 16%, 50% and 84% fractile were estimated. Using the results, [Formula: see text] capacities corresponding to Collapse Prevention (CP) limit state were calculated and assessed. Finite element modeling of the structures has been carried out by using ZEUS-NL software. Based on the achieved results, the proposed approach can estimate the capacity of the structure accurately. The significant advantage of the applied approach is the low computational cost and desirable accuracy. The proposed approach can be used to develop the approximate IDA curves.

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Han, Sang Whan, and Anil K. Chopra. "Approximate incremental dynamic analysis using the modal pushover analysis procedure." Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics 35, no. 15 (2006): 1853–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eqe.605.

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Bergami, Alessandro Vittorio, Camillo Nuti, and Xu Liu. "Proposal and application of the Incremental Modal Pushover Analysis (IMPA)." IABSE Symposium Report 105, no. 11 (September 23, 2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137815818359104.

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Teng, Jun, Hu Bing Tu, Huan Lin Mao, and Ying Liang Qiu. "Investigation on Applicability of Pushover Analysis on High-Rise Diagonal Grid Structural System." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 3918–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.3918.

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As an important seismic analysis method, Pushover is widely used in high-rise buildings, while there is still lack of investigation on applicability of Pushover analysis on diagonal grid structural system. Two structures with height 144 and 288 meters are respectively built, and then Pushover analysis and Incremental dynamic analysis are conducted. Results calculated by two different methods are compared, including top displacement vs. base shear curve, inter-story drift vs. inter-story shear curve, distribution of inter-story drift angle along the building height and plastic developing sequence of structural weak positions. Meanwhile, influence of three lateral load patterns (uniform pattern，inverted triangle pattern and SRSS pattern) on the results is investigated. Analysis results demonstrate that Pushover analysis can in some extent reflect seismic performance of structures and SRSS load pattern can better capture global and local information of structures compared with other two patterns.

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Vamvatsikos, Dimitrios, and C. Allin Cornell. "Applied Incremental Dynamic Analysis." Earthquake Spectra 20, no. 2 (May 2004): 523–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1737737.

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We are presenting a practical and detailed example of how to perform incremental dynamic analysis (IDA), interpret the results and apply them to performance-based earthquake engineering. IDA is an emerging analysis method that offers thorough seismic demand and capacity prediction capability by using a series of nonlinear dynamic analyses under a multiply scaled suite of ground motion records. Realization of its opportunities requires several steps and the use of innovative techniques at each one of them. Using a nine-story steel moment-resisting frame with fracturing connections as a test bed, the reader is guided through each step of IDA: (1) choosing suitable ground motion intensity measures and representative damage measures, (2) using appropriate algorithms to select the record scaling, (3) employing proper interpolation and (4) summarization techniques for multiple records to estimate the probability distribution of the structural demand given the seismic intensity, and (5) defining limit-states, such as the dynamic global system instability, to calculate the corresponding capacities. Finally, (6) the results can be used to gain intuition for the structural behavior, highlighting the connection between the static pushover (SPO) and the dynamic response, or (7) they can be integrated with conventional probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) to estimate mean annual frequencies of limit-state exceedance. Building upon this detailed example based on the nine-story structure, a complete commentary is provided, discussing the choices that are available to the user, and showing their implications for each step of the IDA.

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., D. N. Shinde. "PUSHOVER ANALYSIS-TO STUDY SEISMIC PERFORMANCES OF VERTICAL IRREGULAR STRUCTURE." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 05, no. 06 (June 25, 2016): 345–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0506062.

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Su, Qi Wang, Yang Xia, and Shi Chun Zhao. "An Equivalent Frame Model for Seismic Analysis of Existing Masonry Building." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 2478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.2478.

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Collapse safety is the most important objective of performance-based seismic design. Buildings should have enough safety margin to avoid collapse during severe or mega earthquake. However, current Chinese seismic design code does not have explicit design specification or quantitative evaluation for collapse-resistant capacity. Take a two-story masonry building as an example, an equivalent frame model for pushover and incremental dynamic analysis are established, and the comparison are also studied. In addition, the fragility curves can also be obtained. The analysis results show that the results of plastic hinge mainly appear in ground floor wall between windows and doors. Moreover, the analysis result has good uniformity with seismic damage. Judging from the failure mechanism, pushover and incremental dynamic analysis have very good similarity. In addition , they show elastic deformation is very small and brittleness is very apparent of the masonry building.Seismic vulnerability analysis shows that the significant damage and the near collapse curves are very close to each other .This mean that , once the significant damage limit state is reached ,only small PGA increments are need for reaching the near collapse limit state.

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Wang, Chang Feng, and Yi Jun Bao. "Pushover Analysis of Pile-Supported Bridge Piers." Advanced Materials Research 681 (April 2013): 234–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.681.234.

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According to Japan Railway seismic design code, truss finite element model is established considering the pile components and foundation nonlinear finite element model in this paper, an analysis on the ultimate horizontal bearing capacity of bridge pile foundation of passenger dedicated line is made and the results of m-method calculation are compared. The analysis results show that: when horizontal force at the top of pier is larger, with the pile side soil horizontal and vertical force continuously into the plastic, the calculation results differ greatly with two seismic specification; the pier top level force-displacement skeleton curve considered pile-soil interaction is available in trilinear description, the analysis results can provide a theoretical basis for the seismic analysis of the pile foundation under rare earthquake.

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Soleimani, Sahman, Armin Aziminejad, and A. S. Moghadam. "Approximate two-component incremental dynamic analysis using a bidirectional energy-based pushover procedure." Engineering Structures 157 (February 2018): 86–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.11.056.

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Guo, Wei, Yao Hu, Hanyun Liu, and Dan Bu. "Seismic Performance Evaluation of Typical Piers of China’s High-Speed Railway Bridge Line Using Pushover Analysis." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (July 1, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9514769.

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Currently, it is a challenge to effectively assess the seismic performance of the high-speed railway bridge line. To figure it out, this paper discussed the applicability of the Pushover analysis in the seismic fragility of the high-speed railway bridge. As the piers are the core components to resist the earthquakes, a typical high-speed railway bridge line consisting of 22 piers was established by the finite element software OpenSees. The influences of the different pier height and sites on the fragility analysis of the pies were investigated. From the component level, the seismic performance of the high-speed railway bridge line was evaluated by the Pushover analysis. The results show that the seismic responses of the piers by the Pushover analysis are agreeable with those by the incremental dynamical analysis when the peak ground acceleration is less than 0.4g. The high piers have better seismic performance than the lower piers. The high-speed railway bridge line exhibits good seismic performance under the 7-degree design earthquake (0.15g) and the 8-degree low-level earthquake (0.10g) but may be severely damaged under the 9-degree low-level earthquake (0.40g).

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Cosic, Mladen, and Stanko Brcic. "The development of controlled damage mechanisms-based design method for nonlinear static pushover analysis." Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering 12, no. 1 (2014): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuace1401025c.

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This paper presents the original method of controlled building damage mechanisms based on Nonlinear Static Pushover Analysis (NSPA-DMBD). The optimal building damage mechanism is determined based on the solution of the Capacity Design Method (CDM), and the response of the building is considered in incremental situations. The development of damage mechanism of a system in such incremental situations is being controlled on the strain level, examining the relationship of current and limit strains in concrete and reinforcement steel. Since the procedure of the system damage mechanism analysis according to the NSPA-DMBD method is being iteratively implemented and designing checked after the strain reaches the limit, for this analysis a term Iterative-Interactive Design (IID) has been introduced. By selecting, monitoring and controlling the optimal damage mechanism of the system and by developed NSPA-DMBD method, damage mechanism of the building is being controlled and the level of resistance to an early collapse is being increased.

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Fatimah, Samreen, and Jenna Wong. "Sensitivity of the Fragility Curve on Type of Analysis Methods, Applied Ground Motions and Their Selection Techniques." International Journal of Steel Structures 21, no. 4 (June 26, 2021): 1292–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13296-021-00503-z.

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AbstractFragility curves are the primary way of assessing seismic risk for a building with numerous studies focused on deriving these fragility curves and how to account for the inherent uncertainty in the seismic assessment. This study focuses on a three-story steel moment frame structure and performs a fragility assessment of the building using a new approach called SPO2FRAG (Static Pushover to Fragility) that is based on pushover analysis. This new approach is further compared and contrasted against traditional nonlinear dynamic analysis approaches like Incremental Dynamic Analysis and Multiple Stripe Analysis. The sensitivity of the resulting fragility curves is studied against multiple parameters including uncertainties in ground motion, the type of analysis method used and the choice of curve fitting technique. All these factors influence the fragility curve behavior and this study assesses the impact of changing these parameters.

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Shao, Jian Hua, and Bai Jie Tang. "Seismic Performance Evaluation of Steel Frame-Steel Plate Shear Wall Using Pushover and IDA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 578-579 (July 2014): 354–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.578-579.354.

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Based on the time-history analysis principle of bidirectional equivalent tension rod of steel shear wall in this paper, the theory of Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) is used to investigate the real seismic behavior of steel frame-steel plate shear wall (SPSW) system under a large number of natural earthquake waves and artificial simulated earthquake waves with the gradually increased scale of seismic intensity in order to achieve the base shear-roof displacement (V-Δ) curve under each earthquake wave action. Based on the principle of unidirectional equivalent tension rod, the pushover analysis is also used to obtain the curve of base shear and roof displacement under two different loading modes of uniform distribution and inverted triangular distribution. Through the above two different methods of seismic behavior evaluation, the achieved conclusions are as follows: The most V-Δ envelope curves obtained by IDA analysis are between V-Δ envelope curves obtained by pushover analysis under these two loading modes of inverted triangular and uniform distribution. With the increase of structural storey, the effect of high order mode on seismic behavior is more and more obvious and the deviation of calculation results derived from pushover is bigger and bigger. As a result, pushover analysis is only applied to evaluate seismic performance of structure at the middle or low storey. For the pushover, the structural bearing capacity and initial stiffness is underestimated, but the structural deformation capacity is overestimated under inverted triangular loading mode, Whereas, it is the opposite situation under the uniform distribution.

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Bhatta, Surendra, Latip Kumar Sharma, Bharat Niure, and Sudhir Niraula. "Seismic Response of Vertical Irregular Structures in Setback and Stepped Buildings." Journal of Engineering Technology and Planning 2, no. 1 (August 19, 2021): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/joetp.v2i1.39204.

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Vertical irregular buildings are frequently constructed across the globe for functional as well as aesthetic purpose. However post-earthquake reconnaissance survey reports revealed high seismic vulnerability of the building with vertical irregularities. Consequently it is very important to explore the reason behind the high seismic vulnerability and the poor performance of irregular structures during the earthquake. A humble effort is under taken considering several case studies comprising different configuration of vertical irregular structures, so as to comprehend the seismic behavior of vertical irregular structure using response spectrum and pushover analysis has been attempted in finite element software ETABS 16.2.1 version. The results of the analysis indicate the irregular structures have ample chance of higher stress concentration as well as higher displacement demand at the vicinity of irregularity. Member strength enhancement at the vicinity of vertical irregularity may improve the overall seismic performance of the building. Also, this research checks the adequacy of fundamental mode properties for the quantification of vertical irregularity. Furthermore, pushover analysis has been done to observe the hinge formation pattern and also the plastic hinge rotation for observing the performance level of building.

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Vasantha, Malla. "Study on Performance of Vertical Setback RC Frames using Non-Linear (Pushover) Analysis." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 7, no. 11 (November 30, 2019): 708–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2019.11116.

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Chen, Shui Fu, and Ying Gong. "Pushover Analysis of Light-Weight Steel Portal Frame Structures under Strong Wind Loading." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 386–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.386.

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An elastic-plastic pushover analysis has been performed to a typical two-bay light-weight steel portal frame for investigation of the nonlinear load-deformation behaviors of the structure under strong wind loading. The finite-element model is first established for the portal frame. Then the monotonically increased lateral load and uniformly distributed vertical load representing wind loading are applied to the frame while the structure deforms from full elastic range to elastic-plastic stage. The loading process continues until the top displacement reaches its target value or enough number of plastic hinges occurs so that the structure changes to an unstable mechanism. The analysis results indicate that different lateral loading modes (top point loading or uniformly distributed loading) lead to almost the same deformation and failure behavior of the frame, and the final load-carrying capacity of the frame considerably decreases with increase of the vertical loading.

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Barbagallo, F., M. Bosco, A. Ghersi, E. M. Marino, and P. P. Rossi. "Seismic Assessment of Steel MRFs by Cyclic Pushover Analysis." Open Construction and Building Technology Journal 13, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 12–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/18748368019130012.

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Background:Structural members subjected to strong earthquakes undergo stiffness and strength degradation. To predict accurately the seismic behaviour of structures, nonlinear static methods of analysis have been developed in scientific literature. Generally, nonlinear static methods perform the pushover analysis by applying a monotonic lateral load. However, every earthquake input is characterized by several repeated loads with reverse in signs and the strength and deformation capacities of structures are generally related to the cumulative damage. This aspect is neglected by the conventional monotonic approaches, which tend to overestimate the strength and stiffness of structural members.Objective:This paper aims to investigate the possibility that the Cyclic Pushover Analysis (CPA) may be used as a tool to assess the seismic behaviour of structures. During the CPA, the structure is subjected to a distribution of horizontal forces that is reversed in sign when predefined peak displacements of the reference node are attained. This process repeats in cycles previously determined in a loading protocol.Methods:To investigate the effectiveness of the CPA in predicting the structural response, a steel moment resisting frame is designed as a case study building. A numerical model of this frame is developed in OpenSees. To examine the influence of the loading protocols on the seismic response, the CPA is run following the ATC-24 and the SAC protocols. Additionally, the seismic demand of the case study frame is determined by a Monotonic Pushover Analysis (MPA) and by Incremental nonlinear Dynamic Analysis (IDA).Results and Conclusions:The following results are obtained:• Despite the differences between the SAC and the ATC-24 loading protocols, the CPA applied according to those two protocols led to almost the same structural response of the case study frame.• The CPA showed the capability of catching the stiffness and strength degradation, which is otherwise neglected by the MPA. In fact, given a base shear or peak ground acceleration, the CPA leads to the estimation of larger displacement demands compared to the MPA.• During long (or medium) duration earthquakes, the CPA was necessary to estimate accurately the response of the structure. In fact, at a PGA equal to 1 g, the CPA estimated the top displacement demand with an error lower than 10%, while the MPA underestimated it by 18%.• The importance of considering the cyclic deterioration is shown at local level by the damage indexes of the frame. In the case of long earthquakes, given a top displacement of 600 mm (corresponding to a PGA equal to 1 g), the CPA estimated the damage indexes with an error equal to 12%.

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Rezavandi, Arash, and Chung C. Fu. "Response of irregular lightly reinforced concrete frame structures in low seismic zones." Advances in Structural Engineering 20, no. 4 (June 29, 2016): 519–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433216655921.

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This article evaluates the performance of lightly reinforced concrete frames in low seismic zones. The frames under evaluation contain vertical and/or plane irregularities and are designed for gravity loads only. Nonlinear time history analysis using scaled ground motions and pushover procedure as a supplemental method is performed in this study. With the adoption of plastic hinge method, damage levels are addressed according to FEMA 356 definitions. The pivot model is considered for hysteresis behavior. The damage stage and number of formed hinges are classified for the beams and columns. A comparison between models demonstrates while the first story height may suffer minor to moderate damage levels even under low seismic intensity, the severity of damage to the asymmetric plan models can be noticeable. The pushover method results are close to that of time history analysis only for the vertical irregular frames without plane irregularity.

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., Rudradatta K. Mehta. "STUDY OF BUILDING WITH VERTICAL POST TENSIONED COLUMNS UNDER EARTHQUAKE LOAD BY PUSHOVER ANALYSIS." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 05, no. 07 (July 25, 2016): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2016.0507002.

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Allahyari, H., A. Keramati, and A. A. Taheri Behbahani. "Performance evaluation of special and intermediate moment-resisting reinforced concrete frames using pushover and incremental dynamic analysis." Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings 22, no. 7 (June 22, 2011): 584–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tal.709.

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Yang, Wen Xia, Qiang Gu, and Zhen Sen Song. "Response Modification Factor for Y-Eccentric-Braced Steel Frame Structures." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 2285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.2285.

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In current seismic design procedure, structural base shear is calculated according to the linear elastic response spectra divided by response modification factorR. The response modification factor is important to the reliability and economy of building seismic design. In this paper, the response modification factors of Twelve Y-eccentric braced steel frames with various stories and spans lengths were evaluated by capacity spectrum method based on the global capacity envelops obtained from an improved pushover analysis and incremental dynamic analysis. According to the results, an appropriate formula of the response modification factor for the Y-eccentric braced steel frames was suggested.

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Silva, Pedro F., and Majid T. Manzari. "Nonlinear Pushover Analysis of Bridge Columns Supported on Full-Moment Connection CISS Piles on Clays." Earthquake Spectra 24, no. 3 (August 2008): 751–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2945627.

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This paper summarizes results from a static pushover analysis on the inelastic response of bridge columns supported on pile groups and consisting of full moment connection cast-in-place steel shell piles. The analytical models considered the nonlinear actions that develop in the column, the supporting piles and the soil. Parametric studies were then carried out under different sets of column height to diameter or aspect ratios and soil–structure interaction, and included variations in: (a) nonlinear soil–structure horizontal interaction and (b) nonlinear soil–structure vertical interaction. Parametric studies confirmed that variations in the horizontal and vertical soil stiffness can affect the pile cap lateral deflection and rotation, respectively. As importantly, results from this analysis indicate that for columns with aspect ratios lower than six, the contribution of soil–structure interaction is significant; however, for columns with higher aspect ratios and for stiffer soils, the effects of soil–structure interaction are almost negligible regarding the lateral response of the system. Detailed results from this study are presented and discussed in this paper.

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Repapis, Constantinos C. "Seismic Performance Evaluation of Existing RC Buildings Without Seismic Details. Comparison of Nonlinear Static Methods and IDA." Open Construction and Building Technology Journal 10, no. 1 (April 29, 2016): 158–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874836801610010158.

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The inelastic response of existing reinforced concrete (RC) buildings without seismic details is investigated, presenting the results from more than 1000 nonlinear analyses. The seismic performance is investigated for two buildings, a typical building form of the 60s and a typical form of the 80s. Both structures are designed according to the old Greek codes. These building forms are typical for that period for many Southern European countries. Buildings of the 60s do not have seismic details, while buildings of the 80s have elementary seismic details. The influence of masonry infill walls is also investigated for the building of the 60s. Static pushover and incremental dynamic analyses (IDA) for a set of 15 strong motion records are carried out for the three buildings, two bare and one infilled. The IDA predictions are compared with the results of pushover analysis and the seismic demand according to Capacity Spectrum Method (CSM) and N2 Method. The results from IDA show large dispersion on the response, available ductility capacity, behaviour factor and failure displacement, depending on the strong motion record. CSM and N2 predictions are enveloped by the nonlinear dynamic predictions, but have significant differences from the mean values. The better behaviour of the building of the 80s compared to buildings of the 60s is validated with both pushover and nonlinear dynamic analyses. Finally, both types of analysis show that fully infilled frames exhibit an improved behaviour compared to bare frames.

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Mellati, Afshin. "Predicting Dynamic Capacity Curve of Elevated Water Tanks: A Pushover Procedure." Civil Engineering Journal 4, no. 11 (November 29, 2018): 2513. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-03091177.

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Despite the importance of water tanks for water supplies and supporting the community resilience through the firefighting usages in catastrophic conditions, post-earthquake situations especially, a few studies have been done on seismic behavior of water tanks so far. The scope of this paper is to propose a new pushover procedure to evaluate seismic responses of elevated water tanks (EWT) supported on the concrete shaft in the form of dynamic capacity curves (i.e. base shear versus top displacement). In this regard, a series of shaft supported EWTs are simulated considering soil-structure and fluid-structure interactions. The shaft is modelled with frame elements and plastic hinges are assigned along the shaft to consider the material nonlinearity. The effect of soil-structure interaction and fluid-structure interaction are considered through the well-known Cone model and modified Housner model, respectively. At first, parametric studies have been conducted to investigate the effects of various essential parameters such as soil type, water level and tank capacity on seismic responses of EWTs using incremental dynamic analysis (i.e. nonlinear-time-history-analyses with varying intensities). Thereafter, pushover analyses as nonlinear static analyses are performed by variation of lateral load patterns. Finally, utilizing these results and comparing them with mean IDA curve, as an exact solution; a pushover procedure based on the most reliable lateral load patterns is proposed to predict the mean IDA curve of the EWTs supported on the concrete shaft. The obtained results demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed pushover procedure with errors limited to 30 % only in the changing stage from linear to nonlinear sections of the IDA curve.

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Istiono, Heri, and Jaka Propika. "Analisa Non-Linier Pada Mekanisme Keruntuhan Jembatan Rangka Baja Tipe Pratt." Borneo Engineering : Jurnal Teknik Sipil 1, no. 2 (December 25, 2017): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35334/be.v1i2.604.

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Steel truss bridge collapse often occurs, both in Indonesia and in other countries. As a result of the collapse of the bridge is in addition to the casualties also losses from the financial aspects. This collapse caused due to various factors, one of them because of a decrease in the strength of the bridge structure. To minimize required maintenance of the bridge's collapse and to facilitate the maintenance of one of them must be known failure mechanisms existing bridges. In the analysis of this collapse, will be modeled steel truss bridge pratt’s type with long spans is 60 meters. Analysis of the collapse of the steel truss bridge's, utilizing a pushover analysis to analyze the behavior of the bridge structure. Pushover analysis done with give vertical static load pattern at the structure, next gradually increase by a factor until one vertical displacement target of the reference point is reached. The study shows that at model singe span failure occurred on the chord on mid span. The performance level of structure shows all models of bridges in the state are IO, this case based on the target displacement FEMA 356 and the actual ductility occurs in all models of bridges is compliant with SNI 2833-2008.

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Wang, Qiu Wei, Qing Xuan Shi, and Liu Jiu Tang. "Seismic Performance Evaluation for Steel Reinforced Concrete Frame Structures." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 2421–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.2421.

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The randomness and uncertainty of seismic demand and structural capacity are considered in demand-capacity factor method (DCFM) which could give confidence level of different performance objectives. Evaluation steps of investigating seismic performance of steel reinforced concrete structures with DCFM are put forward, and factors in calculation formula are modified based on stress characteristics of SRC structures. A regular steel reinforced concrete frame structure is analyzed and the reliability level satisfying four seismic fortification targets are calculated. The evaluation results of static and dynamic nonlinear analysis are compared which indicates that the SRC frame has better seismic performance and incremental dynamic analysis could reflect more dynamic characteristics of structures than pushover method.

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Chen, Yue. "Nonlinear Seismic Analysis and Structural Performance Evaluation of a Complex High-Rise Building." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 2285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.2285.

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The height of a complex supertall building is 250m. The central RC tube and peripheral SRC frame with two outrigger trusses are employed to resist vertical and lateral loads. It is classified as B grade complex tall building due to the structural characteristic. Due to the over-restriction and complexity of the super tall-building, Pushover Analysis is carried out in order to find it’s behaviors under rare intensity earthquakes. The analytical results demonstrate that the SRC supertall building with high level transfer story possesses good energy-consuming capacity, ductility and ideal yield failure mechanism under rare seismic excitation. Seismic performance of the SRC supertall building is evaluated through Capacity Spectrum Method and good results are obtained.

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Trzepieciński, Tomasz, Andrzej Kubit, Andrzej Dzierwa, Bogdan Krasowski, and Wojciech Jurczak. "Surface Finish Analysis in Single Point Incremental Sheet Forming of Rib-Stiffened 2024-T3 and 7075-T6 Alclad Aluminium Alloy Panels." Materials 14, no. 7 (March 27, 2021): 1640. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14071640.

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The article presents the results of the analysis of the interactions between the single point incremental forming (SPIF) process parameters and the main roughness parameters of stiffened ribs fabricated in Alclad aluminium alloy panels. EN AW-7075-T6 and EN AW-2024-T3 Alclad aluminium alloy sheets were used as the research material. Panels with longitudinal ribs were produced with different values of incremental vertical step size and tool rotational speed. Alclad is formed of high-purity aluminium surface layers metallurgically bonded to aluminium alloy core material. The quality of the surface roughness and unbroken Alclad are key problems in SPIF of Alclad sheets destined for aerospace applications. The interactions between the SPIF process parameters and the main roughness parameters of the stiffened ribs were determined. The influence of forming parameters on average roughness Sa and the 10-point peak–valley surface roughness Sz was determined using artificial neural networks. The greater the value of the incremental vertical step size, the more prominent the ridges found in the inner surface of stiffened ribs, especially in the case of both Alclad aluminium alloy sheets. The predictive models of ANNs for the Sa and the Sz were characterised by performance measures with R2 values lying between 0.657 and 0.979. A different character of change in surface roughness was found for sheets covered with and not covered with a soft layer of technically pure aluminium. In the case of Alclad sheets, increasing the value of the incremental vertical step size increases the value of the surface roughness parameters Sa and Sz. In the case of the sheets not covered by Alclad, reduction of the tool rotational speed increases the Sz parameter and decreases the Sa parameter. An obvious increase in the Sz parameter was observed with an increase in the incremental vertical step size.

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Ferraioli, Massimiliano. "Behaviour Factor of Ductile Code-Designed Reinforced Concrete Frames." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (February 28, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6666687.

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The current generation of seismic design codes is based on a linear elastic force-based approach that includes the nonlinear response of the structure implicitly through a response modification factor (named reduction factor R in American codes or behaviour factor q in European codes). However, the use of a prescribed behaviour factor that is constant for a given structural system may fail in providing structures with the same risk level. In this paper, the behaviour factor of reinforced concrete frame structures is estimated by means of nonlinear static (pushover) and nonlinear incremental dynamic analyses. For this purpose, regular reinforced concrete frames of three, five, seven, and nine storeys designed for high ductility class according to the European and Italian seismic codes are investigated, and realistic input ground motions are selected based on the design spectra. Verified analysis tools and refined structural models are used for nonlinear analysis. Overstrength, redundancy, and ductility response modification factors are estimated, and the effects of some parameters influencing the behaviour factor, including the number of bays and the number of storeys, are evaluated. The results are finally compared with those obtained from a previous paper for steel moment-resisting frames with the same geometry. According to the analysis results, the behaviour factors in the case of pushover analysis are significantly higher than those obtained in the case of nonlinear response history analysis. Thus, according to the pushover analysis, the behaviour factor provided by European and Italian standards seems highly conservative. On the contrary, the more refined nonlinear dynamic analysis shows that the code-prescribed value may be slightly nonconservative for middle-high-rise frame structures due to unfavourable premature collapse mechanisms based on column plastic hinging at the first storey. Thus, some modifications are desirable in local ductility criteria and/or structural detailing of high ductility columns to implicitly ensure that the recommended value of the behaviour factor is conservative.

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Yuan, Kang, Ying Min Li, and Song Bai Zhang. "Study on the Seismic Performance of Shear Wall Structure with Unidirectional Wall Frames Based on Pushover Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 1976–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.1976.

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In the paper, the equation of stiff characteristic coefficient of shear wall structure with unidirectional wall frames was derived, the deformation characteristics of structure with different wall frames ratio and height were analyzed. Through pushover analysis, the seismic performance of structures were evaluated by interlayer displacement angle and plastic hinge development process. Under earthquake action, increase of wall frames ratio will make plastic deformation increase and maximum interlayer displacement floor move down.The bottom of structure is the weak region, the short wall limbs of wall frames are the weak structural vertical members. The research results show that the wall frames bring adverse effects on the structural seismic performance, so the different design meathods should be carried out according to the overturning moment proportion of wall frames.

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Milani, Gabriele, Salvatore Russo, Marco Pizzolato, and Antonio Tralli. "Seismic Behavior of the San Pietro di Coppito Church Bell Tower in L'Aquila, Italy." Open Civil Engineering Journal 6, no. 1 (November 16, 2012): 131–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501206010131.

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In the present paper, a non-linear numerical study on the 13th century masonry bell tower of the church of San Pietro di Coppito is described. The aim is to have an insight into the causes at the base of the partial collapse suffered by the structure during the L’Aquila earthquake in 2009. To this aim, two different numerical analyses have been performed namely non-linear static (pushover) and limit analysis. In both cases, the same full 3D detailed FE model of the structure is adopted, changing the seismic load direction and assuming different distributions of the equivalent static horizontal load. When dealing with the FEM incremental analysis, a commercial code is utilized assuming for masonry a smeared crack isotropic model. For limit analysis, a non-commercial full 3D code developed by the authors is utilized. It provides limit good estimates of limit loads and failure mechanisms, to compare with standard FEM results. From numerical re-sults, the role played by the actual geometry and by the masonry mechanical characteristics of the tower is envisaged, as well as a detailed comparison of failure mechanisms provided by the incremental FEM and limit analysis is provided. In all cases, the numerical analysis has given a valuable picture of damage mechanisms which can be compared with actual damage patterns so providing useful hints for the introduction of structural monitoring.

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Widyaningrum, Arnie, Yanuar Haryanto, and Nor Intang Setyo Hermanto. "A structural performance evaluation of vertical housing model due to the increased seismic loads in Semarang, Indonesia using a pushover analysis." MATEC Web of Conferences 195 (2018): 02018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819502018.

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The substantial increase in design response spectrum is resulted from the Indonesian seismic regulation changes, which occur in Semarang as well, either for hard, medium or soft site class. The increased design response spectrum is linear to the increased seismic loads, which may influence the structural performance of buildings in Semarang. We have conducted a study on the influence of increased seismic loads on the performance of an irregular ten-story vertical housing model of medium site class in Semarang, Indonesia. The study is conducted using a pushover analysis. We find that the increased seismic loads in Semarang has resulted in the increased base shear force and structural drift of the analysed vertical housing model. The base shear force increases by 68.96% in X direction and 66.63% in Y direction, while the structural drift ratio increases by 81.25% in X direction and 82.64% in Y direction. However, the structural performance remains at Immediate Occupancy, which refers to a condition of post-earthquake damage where the building is still regarded as safe to live in.

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Liu, Jie Qun, and Jin Long Liu. "Slope Stability Analysis with Finite Element Method." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 819–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.819.

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A slope is studied with limiting equilibrium method and finite element method comparatively. It is found that the results of the two methods are almost the same. The distribution of principal stress, maximal plastic strain, plastic zone, lateral displacement, vertical settlement and incremental of displacement can be investigated by FEM effectively, which make it easy to expediently choose the method of slope reinforcement and the position of strengthening.

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Fomel, Sergey. "Time‐migration velocity analysis by velocity continuation." GEOPHYSICS 68, no. 5 (September 2003): 1662–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1620640.

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Time‐migration velocity analysis can be performed by velocity continuation, an incremental process that transforms migrated seismic sections according to changes in the migration velocity. Velocity continuation enhances residual normal moveout correction by properly taking into account both vertical and lateral movements of events on seismic images. Finite‐difference and spectral algorithms provide efficient practical implementations for velocity continuation. Synthetic and field data examples demonstrate the performance of the method and confirm theoretical expectations.

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Chen, Xing Chong, Chang Feng Wang, and Zun Wen Liu. "Nonlinear Seismic Response Analysis Model and Experimental Verification for Pile Foundation of Bridge Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1993–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1993.

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Through analysis and comparison of some nonlinear seismic response analysis models for structures of bridges with pile foundation, considering the effect of deformation performance of pile foundation whose nonlinear properties of foundation and the component are taken into account, this paper presents an improved model relatively. In order to verify the rationality of the improved model proposed in this paper, the calculation and analyses of the test model of a single pier with pile foundation through pushover are done, and the results are compared with the experiment results.The pile foundation does not damaged under seismic load; The improved model can reflect material nonlinearity of the actual soil contact between soil and pile, and the dispersed spring model can be better to simulate the postural nonlinear of pile-soil contact and separation; at the same time, we need to consider vertical friction spring in the pile side.

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Chen, Tsung Chia. "Analysis of Optimal Vertical in Angular U-Bending Process." Advanced Materials Research 337 (September 2011): 346–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.337.346.

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This study aims to analyze the effects of angular U-bending process on the springback of metal sheets. Based on Updated Lagrangian Formulation (ULF), the 3D incremental elastic-plastic Finite Element Method was inferred to simulate the U-bending process of metal sheets. The die/blank holder profile with angles of α=-4°, α=-2°, α=0°, α=2°, α=4° and die/punch profile with radiuses of Rp=Rd=6.0mm were analyzed to determine the influence of tool angles on the springback. With different tool angles to proceed the U-bending process of metal sheets, it is found that the larger or smaller die angles, the more springback magnitude. When perpendicular U-sheets are required, θ1 of the U-sheet presents 90 degree on the tool angle α=-1.2° and θ2 shows 90 degrees on the tool angle α=-0.4°. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of angle variables on the springback in the U-bending process and to obtain useful data from the industrial field.

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Sazzad, Md Mahmud, Md Samdani Azad, and Avishek Ghosh. "Effects of Vertical Irregularity in Steel Frame with Shear Linked Steel Bracings." Journal of Advanced Engineering and Computation 3, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/jaec.201934.265.

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This paper deals with the irregular profile of braced steel frame building along the vertical direction with shear link bracing systems. The underlying fact of the paper is the effect of the seismic force in braced frames with different types of irregularities including geometric irregularity, column discontinuity, and overhanging mass. For each successive model, the position of shear link bracings has been fixed to make the study effective. This study has investigated the vulnerable effect of irregular profiles in steel frame buildings. To attain the nonlinear property of each element of the frame, the pushover analysis method along with the equivalent static force method has been adopted for the present study. UBC97 code has been used here for linear static analysis while the parameters for nonlinear static analysis are authenticated from FEMA356. Investigations on different frames exhibit that regular profile with symmetry in mass is more efficient while using overhanging mass is detrimental as the formation of nonlinear hinge occurs at minimum load in the model with overhanging mass compared to other frames. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.

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Coccia, Simona, Fabio Di Carlo, and Stefania Imperatore. "Masonry Walls Retrofitted with Vertical FRP Rebars." Buildings 10, no. 4 (April 3, 2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10040072.

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The out-of-plane behaviour of the walls as a consequence of an earthquake is the main vulnerability of existing masonry structures. In the case of rigid in compression not tensile resistant material, incremental dynamic analyses may be employed to evaluate the effective strength of a rocking element. When the seismic capacity of the wall is inadequate, retrofit interventions are required to assure an acceptable safety level. Conventional seismic retrofitting techniques on masonry walls influence the seismic performance of the element, which typically is modified in an out-of-plane bending behaviour. In this paper, analytical investigations are presented to investigate the possibility of a seismic retrofitting intervention able to increase the seismic strength of the wall without modifying its seismic behaviour. The analysed retrofitting technique consists in the application of composite vertical bars either in the middle section of the wall or at its external surfaces. The seismic behaviour of the retrofitted masonry wall is analytically evaluated by means of a parametric incremental dynamic analysis, carried out with an ad hoc in-house software. The effectiveness of the intervention is analysed in terms of level of seismic improvement, defined as the ratio between the seismic capacity of the reinforced and unreinforced walls.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Incremental vertical pushover analysis'

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