Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Indéfini'
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Touzani, Abdelfetah. "Quelques résultats sur la Ap-laplacien avec poids indéfini." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212945.
Full textPankratova, Iryna. "L'homogénéisation d'équations de convection-diffusion singulières et de problèmes spectraux à poids indéfini." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00593511.
Full textAbdallah, Farah. "Stabilisation et approximation de certains systèmes distribués par amortissement dissipatif et de signe indéfini." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00862708.
Full textChen, Hanzhu. "Défini/indéfini : syntaxe et pragmatique en chinois mandarin et en français (étude de corpus)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUL070.
Full textOur thesis focuses on studying the syntax of constructions that contribute to the identification of referents in languages with and without articles, such as Chinese and French. It falls within the framework of Saussurean structuralism, functional typology, and cognitive linguistics. Unlike languages with articles like French, Mandarin Chinese does not possess morphologically marked articles (though it has other determiners). However, it should be noted that definiteness is present in all languages worldwide, including articleless languages like Chinese, but in different ways. To better explain the relationship between syntactic function and definiteness of SN in Chinese, we first clarified several pairs of semantic concepts. Then, by gathering massive corpora, such as interviews, dialogues, and speeches, etc., we thoroughly examined BA sentences and sentences with indefinite subjects. We found that in Chinese, the structure of the noun phrase is not the sole factor that determines the distinction between definite and indefinite reference. The syntax of the entire sentence, as well as the broader context, plays an important role in an articleless language like Chinese. The objective of this research is twofold: it involves reflecting on the relationship between sentence syntax and the expression of definiteness in Chinese and adopting a more applied approach to help Chinese students better grasp the use of articles in French
Lescano, Alfredo. "Vers une grammaire argumentative de la phrase : le cas de l'article défini et indéfini en français et en espagnol." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0054.
Full textThe general aim of the present thesis is to develop the first stage of an argumentative grammar of the sentence supported by the description of the French articles LE and UN, and Spanish EL and UN. By the term "argumentative grammar" we designate the knowledge that allows to predict the meaning of a sentence in the argumentative layer of sense. We suppose that two semiotic layers coexist in the sense. Of utterances: one relevant to the study of reference and truth conditions, and another one formed only by discourses (that we will assume of an argumentative nature) and relationships between discourses. Our work attempts to describe this argumentative layer in an explicit way by integrating the Semantic Blocks Theory and the Theory of Polyphony. Our analysis of the article leads to the following main conclusions: firstly, that the argumentative grammar of the sentence must simultaneously take into account the theoretical objects of these two theories and secondly, that this grammar is independent of referential phenomena
Pieri-Pellizza, Marie-Antoinette. "De la grammaire à la rhétorique : les groupes nominaux à déterminant indéfini, l'exemple de Racine." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10076.
Full textSango, Mamadou. "Valeurs propres et vecteurs propres de problèmes elliptiques non-autoadjoints avec un poids indéfini pour des systèmes d'équations aux dérivées partielles." Valenciennes, 1998. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/73e24869-db40-4b04-99c0-2d4c9520e3a0.
Full textBertini, Yves. "La notion d'indéfini en lambda calcul." Phd thesis, Chambéry, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00415825.
Full textParent, Héloïse. "Le défini, l’indéfini et le générique en anglais contemporain." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040237.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the use of definite and indefinite determiners in generic noun phrases in contemporary English, using a corpus based on encyclopedic and scientific texts mainly. The categorization which genericity is based on results from various cognitive processes and levels of abstraction which are signified in the use of definite and indefinite determiners. The first part successively describes the referential framework of our study, the morphosyntactical forms of generic noun phrases, the values of definite and indefinite articles, as well as the pattern of constraints on definite and indefinite articles established by the lexico-grammatical features of nouns and the predicative context. The second part examines determiner possibilities and impossibilities with regard to the predicative context when a generic noun phrase is combined with a kind-predicate. More specifically, we correlate species classification, singular/plural number marking and definite/indefinite determination as we examine the plural structure of generic referents. The third part studies the use of the definite article as an abstraction operator. As we consider cases in which the use of definite noun phrases is favored, we show that its reference involves an externalizing and synthetic dimension. The fourth part deals with the way generic definite and indefinite noun phrases combine in generic texts with regard to the discourse structure. The use of the definite article presupposes an anaphoric dimension in generic reference also and indicates that the referent is salient in a cognitive perspective
Sabra, Yousra. "On Definiteness and Beyond : a Contrastive Analysis of Nominal Determination in English and Arabic." Phd thesis, Toulon, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00997561.
Full textZhu, Lei. "Le syntagme nominal en mandarin et en français : le problème de la quantification." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040157.
Full textIn Mandarin Chinese, as in French, nominal determiners (demonstrative and numeral) precede in general the noun. French requires the presence of the article, a grammatical category that is not found in Mandarin Chinese. Rather, in Mandarin Chinese, quantification is carried out through the presence of noun classifiers. As for nominal morphology, in Mandarin Chinese, an isolating language, nouns are preferably formed through the composition of different semantic features. By contrast, in French, considered as mainly flexional, only the nominal root holds the semantic unit. In French, determiner and noun agree in gender and number, whereas in Mandarin Chinese, that does not distinguish gender, number is expressed by noun classifiers. Understanding these differences is essential to the acquisition of these two languages. In order to facilitate the understanding of the functions of these grammatical phenomena, this research proposes accurate analyses and explanations that allow second language learners to overcome more effectively the difficulties of nominal determination
Wilke, Pierre. "Compilation formellement vérifiée de code C de bas-niveau." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S088/document.
Full textThis thesis presents an extension of the CompCert compiler that aims at providing formal guarantees about the compilation of more programs than CompCert does. The CompCert compiler compiles C code into assembly code for various architectures and provides formal guarantees about the behaviour of the compiled assembly program. It states that whenever the C program has a defined semantics, the generated assembly program behaves similarly. However, the theorem does not provide any guarantee when the source program has undefined semantics, or, in C parlance, when it exhibits undefined behaviour, even though those behaviours actually happen in real-world code. This thesis exhibits a number of C idioms, that occur in real-life code and whose behaviour is undefined according to the C standard. Because they happen in real programs, our goal is to enhance the CompCert verified compiler so that it also provides formal guarantees for those programs. To that end, we propose a memory model for CompCert that makes pointer arithmetic and uninitialised data manipulation defined, introducing a notion of symbolic values that capture the meaning of otherwise undefined idioms. We adapt the whole memory model of CompCert with this new formalism and adapt the semantics of all the intermediate languages. We prove that our enhanced semantics subsumes that of CompCert. Moreover, we show that these symbolic semantics capture the behaviour of the previously undefined C idioms. The proof of semantic preservation from CompCert needs to be reworked to cope with our model. We therefore generalize important proof techniques such as memory injections, which enable us to port the whole proof of CompCert to our new memory model, therefore providing formal guarantees for more programs
Sabra, Yousra. "On Definiteness and Beyond : a Contrastive Analysis of Nominal Determination in English and Arabic." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUL3001.
Full textThis thesis offers a contrastive analysis of the notion of definiteness as conveyed by the system of the article in English and Standard Arabic. Definiteness and other notions associated with it are investigated semantically and syntactically in an attempt to discover how these two languages approach such notions and when the two languages converge and diverge in this respect. To this end, corpus analysis is chosen as a means to inspect these ideas. The corpus, The Brook Kerith, by the Irish writer, George Moore, is chosen for geo-historical and literary reasons: the story takes place in the Holy Land at the dawn of this Christian era. A contrastive analysis of the first chapter along with its translation is analyzed from a pragmatic and semantic perspective. The analysis is followed by statistical and computational analyses. It is found that the article “the” and the Arabic article “al’ are used for seemingly the same purpose in the proportion of 76%. The occurrence of the article “a/an” is 96% consistent with indefiniteness in Arabic. However, the use of the “zero article” shows discrepancy as whether to use the article “al” or no article in Arabic. In the last analysis, the cognitive operations underlying usage in both languages are similar. The differences are on the level of the semiotic transformation of these deep operations
Russo, Domenico. "A propos des indéfinis en italien contemporain." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA070185.
Full textThe analysis of the indefinites in contemporary italian shows that it is necessary to construct the grammatical category of italian's determination. In its first part, the thesis resumes 166 indefinite forms including examples. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to the form uno (pronominal), alcuno and qualunque describing them in terms of "marqueurs d'opérations prédicatives et énonciatives" (Culioli)
Fălăuș, Anamaria. "Items de polarité et indéfinis dépendants en roumain." Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT3020.
Full textThis study investigates the distributional and interpretive properties of three classes of semantically dependent items in Romanian: negative concord items, existential free-choice items and the existential dependent determiner vreun, which shares properties of both. I identify a licensing semantic constraint which ties the occurrence of this existential polarity item to the type of alternatives entertained by the epistemic agent. Extending the area of empirical investigation, we consider similar facts (in French and Spanish) which provide support for the existence of a class of epistemic polarity items. I endorse the unified theory of polarity put forward in Chierchia (2006), and argue that polarity sensitivity stems from the domain widening property common to all polarity items. On this account, distributional constraints result from the inferences speakers draw on the basis of the alternatives polarity items introduce, which, crucially, have to lead to an enriched meaning. The interaction with other elements of the landscape of polarity items is shown to play an important part in understanding the licensing constraints of polarity sensitive items and the parameters of crosslinguistic variation
Delen, Nurcan. "Etude des indéfinis en français et en turc contemporain." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05H049.
Full textMustafaeva, Labruère Asiyat. "Pronoms indéfinis, épicènes, genre et reprise anaphorique en anglais contemporain." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040140.
Full textThis dissertation investigates the peculiarities of pronominal reference to indefinite pronouns and epicene nouns that refer to indefinite human beings. It brings to light morphosyntactic, semantic and pragmatic factors which influence the choice of the anaphoric pronoun. This choice is not always objective, and does not necessarily match the rules of syntactic agreement. It tends to depend on the speaker’s decisions about the relevance of the sex and/or the number of individuals that are the topic of discussion. Thus, the third person plural pronoun they proves to be the best candidate when the referent’s sex and/or number is unknown by both the speaker and the hearer, as well as in generic contexts or when the speaker wishes to remain vague about the identity of the person he or she is referring to. The third person singular pronouns he / she do not fit in these contexts, since they render the referent more definite than it actually is in the discourse by adding such properties as sex and number. The choices that we make when referring or coreferring reveal our attitudes towards either referents or addressees. The study of both written and oral corpora (BNC, COCA, SOAP, CHILDES, literary, press and talk show corpora) reveals how English speakers are able to manipulate the conventional pronominal system so as to render explicit or highlight certain attributes and to underspecify others
Bernard, Paul. "Corps indéfinis : la représentation des corps dans l'art d'après Auschwitz." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0188.
Full textThis doctoral dissertation, untitled Undefmed Bodies : The Representation of Bodies in Art after Auschwitz, aims to demonstrate that this event deeply ruptured the forms of representation of the human body in the plastic arts ; especially in painting. Such a rupture engages the so-called traditional modes of representation (for which we argue that they belong to an aesthetics of discernment), as well as those inherited from the artistic modernity, by making this bodies undefined, i. E. Undiscernible. In a perspective both historical and theoretical, this dissertation proposes a deep examination of several artworks, from before and after Auschwitz, trying to question for the latter the multiple forms of the temporality determined by the term "after", following then a dialectic close to the notion of translation : transmission as well as treason of the event. Therefore, the main purpose of the dissertation is to reconsider an artworks' corpus (already existing since it derives from contemporary art) and to define analysis devices able to define the conceptual and hermeneutic outlines of such a corpus. Both examination and analysis aim at rethinking the modes of representation of the human body as well as a kind of habitus which has been developed around them in the aftermath of Auschwitz
Seong-Deok, Heo. "Etude de certains indéfinis dans les énoncés à valeur modale." Besançon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BESA1021.
Full textXiang, Wei. "Les quantificateurs indéfinis dans les syntagmes nominaux en chinois mandarin." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP7016.
Full textThe thesis presents a study of thirteen indefinite quantifiers in Mandarin Chinese noun phrases. Chapter 2 provides an overview of some saillant characteristics of Chinese noun phrases. In Chapter 3, the distributional properties of thirteen indefinite quantifiers, such as (i) their selectional restrictions with different semantic categories of nouns, (ii) their (in)compatibility with classifiers and (iii) their (im)possibility of coocurring with a subject NP without the existential verb yǒu ‘have’. In Chapter 4, the quantifier function of yīdiǎnr ‘a little/un peu’ is opposed to that of the minimizer yīdiǎnr ‘the least/le moindre’. Three tests are used to establish the dichotomy : (i) negation, (ii) focus constructions and (iii) conditionals. It is shown that, only in scale-reversing contexts, can the indefinite quantifier yīdiǎnr ‘a little/un peu’ function as a minimizer ‘the least/le moindre’, i.e. as a typical scalar operator
Djellit, Ali. "Valeurs propres de problèmes elliptiques indéfinis sur des ouverts non bornés." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30072.
Full textSarre, Nguissaly. "La quantification indéfinie en moyen français : étude syntaxique, sémantique et lexicologique." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040105.
Full textAfter having established classifications based on the meaning of the indefinite quantifiers, we made a syntactic, semantic and lexicographical study of these grammatical words having the essential function of indefinite determination. We determined the paradigmatic oppositions into which these terms fall, exclusive of the determination of the noun and we studied these morphemes not only when they function as a determiner of the noun but also when their function is pronominal, nominal and sometimes adverbial. We have thus examined all the uses of these terms of indefinite quantification in order to ascertain what all these uses have in common and arrive at a notion of potential signifier. This study of indefinite quantification concerns the period of middle French. It is therefore synchronic, given the corpus chosen, but it in no way neglects the diachronic perspective as it attempts to demonstrate the originality of such use from the 14th to the 15th centuries in relation to old French and especially in relation to modern French the syntagmatic position of these indefinite quantifiers within the nominal word group, the position occupied in relation to the other constituent elements of this nominal group and the fact that a certain number of these elements are mutually exclusive or, on the contrary, comptable, are the main points of comparison between two distinct stages of development of the French language
N'Douli, Guy. "Étude comparative du kituba et des langues d’influence." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/241808/6/Contrat.pdf.
Full textDoctorat en Langues, lettres et traductologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Demil, Karim. "Formes modulaires de Maass et formes quadratiques indéfinies." Bordeaux 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BOR10601.
Full textFuente, Altaba Ana Gabriela de la. "Les aspects sémantiques de l'incorporation nominale en nahuatl." Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030154.
Full textThe aim of this paper is to contribute to the debate on the semantics of noun incorporation addressing the following questions: (i) What is semantic incorporation? (ii) What kind of indefinite noun phrases semantically incorporate to main verbs and why? and ( (iii) What are discourse referents, how many types are there and do they trigger a particular semantic composition? This research on Classical Nahuatl and Modern Nahuatl from Cuentepec, Morelos, Mexico, provides support for a semantic interpretation of indefinites in the lines of Chung and Ladusaw (2001). On their account, narrow-scope-only indefinites compose via a nonsaturating operation, namely Restrict. I will argue that both discourse opaque and discourse transparent narrow-scope-only indefinites compose with the main predicate via Restrict. Several hypothesis have been proposed during the last 10 years, in particular van Geenhoven (1998), Dayal (1999), Bende Farkas et Kamp (2001), Chung et Ladusaw (2001), Dobrovie-Sorin et Laca (2003), et Farkas et de Swarts (2003). This thesis provides support for an interpretation of indefinites in the line of Chung and Ladusaw (2001), where both nouns in (1) and (2) are composed with the main verb via the restriction of a variable
Batkam, Cyril Joël. "Théorèmes de points critiques pour des fonctionnelles symétriques fortement indéfinies et applications." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5439.
Full textAbbott, Alastair Avery. "Les observables à valeurs indéfinies, l'aléatoire, et l'imprévisibilité aux fondations de la mécanique quantique." Thesis, Paris, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENSU0038/document.
Full textThe outcomes of quantum measurements are generally considered to be random, but despite the fact that this randomness is an important element in quantum information theory, its nature is not well understood. In this thesis, we study several issues relating to the origin and certification of quantum randomness and unpredictability. One of the key results in forming our understanding of quantum mechanics as an intrinsically indeterministic theory is the Kochen-Specker theorem, which shows the impossibility to consistently assign simultaneous noncontextual definite values to all quantum mechanical observables prior to measurement. However, the theorem, under the assumption that any definite values must be noncontextual, only strictly shows that some observables must be value indefinite. We strengthen this result, proving a stronger variant of the Kochen-Specker theorem showing that, under the same assumption, if a system is prepared in an arbitrary state j i, then every observable A is value indefinite unless j i is an eigenstate of A. The indeterministic nature of quantum measurements does little to explain how the quality of quantum randomness differs from classical randomness. We show that, subject to certain physical assumptions, a sequence of bits generated by the measurement of value indefinite observables is guaranteed, in the infinite limit, to be strongly incomputable. We further discuss how this can be used to build a quantum random number generator certified by value indefiniteness. Next, we study the notion of unpredictability, which is central to the concept of (quantum) randomness. In doing so, we propose a formal model of prediction that can be used to asses the predictability of arbitrary physical experiments. We investigate how the quantum features of value indefiniteness and complementarity can be used to certify different levels of unpredictability, and show that the outcome of a single measurement of a value indefinite quantum observable is formally unpredictable. Finally, we study the relation between this notion of unpredictability and the computability-theoretic certification of quantum randomness
Silva, Odete Pereira da. "Analyse sociolinguistique de l'indétermination du sujet dans le portugais parlé au Brésil, à partir des données du NURC/SP." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070010.
Full textAdam, Paul. "Ouverture et cohérence : la fonction de l'indéfinition en français." Besançon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BESA1032.
Full textThe use of the neutral form has declined to some extent in French, even though in French the number of linguistic words which are to some degree " neuter ", and even " indefinite " is important. Furthermore, we consider that the neuter concept is an important part of the syntactic coherence of our language. This coherence is backed up by yhe dimension of openness to the extent some phrases qualified as being neutral stand semantically for an absence, a vacuum which cannot be aesily qualified but still exists. Our approach is based on three items : the impersonnal intrduced by the use of Il; the neutral demonstrativ pronoun Ça; the " middle " with se. Above all, our objective will be to analyse and index the syntactic and semantic values of these linguistic items by processing their mechanisms in order to bring out their inner grammatical building process and check if one has to deal with a specific form of " support "
Colinet, Margot. "Nouvelles perspectives sur les NPI et FCI du français : Etude de deux paradigmes : les items en qu- que ce soit et n'importe qu-." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC048.
Full textMy thesis proposes to shed some new light on the distribution of indefinite determiners and indefinite pronouns in qu- que ce soit and n'importe qu-. On the basic of this empirical work, I propose to analyze them as NPI (negative polarity items) and FCI (Free Choice Item) respectively. I then propose that these items have a common semantic composition: they are composed of an indefinite and a constraint that determines the assignment of a value ta this indefinite. This constraint is analyzed in Lerma of entropy. Above an, I intend te show that these items differ, however, on the basis of the informational status of the entropy component, I show, finally, that this general hypothesie can be applied to other languages such as English
Balat, Nicolas. "Essai sur le droit commun." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020012/document.
Full textThis work offers a comprehensive study on the “droit commun” (approximately translated into “general rules of law” or “ordinary law”), a fundamental concept at the core of the theory and daily practice of French law. Contrary to traditional approaches involving the impression of a changing and variable concept (civil law, general theory, Roman law, European law, principles?), “droit commun” is a technical concept referring, for a given institution, to the legal rules whose scope of application is indefinite. This study also reveals the two distinct applications of “droit commun”; “droit commun territorial” (“territorial general rules of law”) and “droit commun matériel” (“material general rules of law”). The first application, “droit commun territorial”, although lesser known, is technically and historically primal. Droit commun territorial is specifically mentioned for in article 1393 of the French civil code (regarding the matrimonial property regimes), and in a fundamental principle identified by the French Constitutional Council in 2011. The second application, “droit commun matériel”, is better known but needs an overview. In particular, the section of the French civil code which contains articles 2333 and following (on the “droit commun” of pledging of corporeal movables), refers to it. These two applications of “droit commun” are the expressions of a summa divisio. Although both applications have similarities, they remain fundamentally different. The respective applications of “droit commun” do not refer to the same rules of law: rules where territorial scope of application is unlimited versus rules where material and personal scope of application is unlimited
Tollis, Francis. "Un-(s) prénucléaire & la référenciation en espagnol : du signifiant à l'énonciation, du un au multiple." Paris 4, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA040139.
Full textIn the present work, we propose to study the modem spanish predeterminer UN-, both pluralized AND non pluralized. .
Kokonendji, Célestin. "Contributions théoriques et pratiques aux familles exponentielles." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007794.
Full textBardin, Sébastien. "Vers un Model Checking avec accélération plate des systèmes hétérogènes." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00131834.
Full textRivière, Xavier. "Les objets mathématiques dans la théorie platonicienne de la connaissance et de l'action." Thesis, Dijon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DIJOL019/document.
Full textThe knowledge implies a predisposition to the knowledge, that is the possibility of the relation between a (knowing) subject and a (knowable) object. On the other hand, there is an established fact, which is the knowledge which has de facto place : the common, ordinary, always incomplete knowledge, to which the man is continuously to have access or to be having access. The real knowledge – full and whole – is situated outside of this ordinary cognitive domain ; exteriority which implies a present indisposition to have access there. The mathematical knowledge is of the first order – and it is true eminently, in other words, at the same time, as better possible knowledge and as knowledge revealing, best, through its own incompletion, the incompletion of any accessible knowledge (whose it is constitutive or auxiliary). Of the second order, is the eidetic knowledge (knowledge of the Forms – eidê, ideai – otherwise called Ideas), which is the knowledge of the really real (ontôs on) (whose the object, in its grasp, can only sign the real reality of the knowledge itself). From her part, the mathematical knowledge leads, in its incompletion, the knowledge of its principle and element, that is the real unit (that is unique, inseparable and undifferentiated, and thus paradoxically unknowable, in what, it leads, itself, the order of the real knowledge, that is the eidetic order), unit supposed to find, in the geometrical order, its expression, as measure and element common to all the measurable (the extent) and, at the same time, to all the countable ; expression which does not miss to be problematic (aporetic), the size remaining, theoretically, indefinite, and any size being divisible in the infinity, in smaller sizes. So, is attested the fact that the present (ordinary) cognitive disposition is inevitably to be disposition to the real knowledge, in the fact that this one should be in particular knowledge of the principle, the principle which we think of finding indicated, at Plato, under the expression “principle of the line”, dynamic and active, specifically not mathematical principle, always previous to any determination (size) – and, at the same time, to any enumeration – whatsoever
Moypemna, sembona Cyrille clovis. "Caractérisations des modèles multivariés de stables-Tweedie multiples." Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA2071/document.
Full textIn the framework of natural exponential families, this thesis proposes differents characterizations of multivariate multiple stables-Tweedie under "steepness" property. These models appeared in 2014 in the literature were first introduced and described in a restricted form of the normal stables-Tweedie models before extensions to multiple cases. They are composed by a fixed univariate stable-Tweedie variable having a positive domain, and the remaining random variables given the fixed one are reals independent stables-Tweedie variables, possibly different, with the same dispersion parameter equal to the fixed component. The corresponding normal stables-Tweedie models have a fixed univariate stable-Tweedie and all the others are reals Gaussian variables. Through special cases such that normal, Poisson, gamma, inverse Gaussian, multiple stables-Tweedie models are very common in applied probability and statistical studies. We first characterized the normal stable-Tweedie through their variances function or covariance matrices expressed in terms of their means vector. According to the power variance parameter values, the nature of polynomials associated with these models is deduced with the properties of the quasi orthogonal, Levy-Sheffer systems, and polynomial recurrence relations. Then, these results allowed us to characterize by function variance the largest class of multiple stables-Tweedie. Which led to a new classification, which makes more understandable the family. Finally, a extension characterization of normal stable-Tweedie by generalized variance function or determinant of variance function have been established via their infinite divisibility property and through the corresponding Monge-Ampere equations. Expressed as product of the components of the mean vector with multiple powers parameters reals, the characterization of all multivariate multiple stable- Tweedie models by generalized variance function remains an open problem
Dhoukar, Asma. "Le processus d’évolution de la série [aucun] de l’Ancien Français au Français Moderne : aucun, aucune chose, aucune part et aucune fois : grammaticalisation et/ou lexicalisation." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100161.
Full textThe category of the indefinite pronouns is one of the categories that poses a problem in the history of the French language, a heterogeneous category including pell-mell a number of sub-categories. The strangeness of this category has led us to choose to work on the series [aucun] : aucun, aucune chose, aucune part and aucune fois, a series containing, in addition to aucun, some items formed from the indefinite pronoun aucun, and hence joining the question of indefinite pronouns. The choice to work on the series [aucun] is justified, on the one hand, by the judgment of the word aucun which is generally classified as an indefinite pronoun that does not deserve this appellation according to Arrivé et al. (1986). This choice is reinforced, on the other hand, by the fact that this series is rarely or never being studied despite the important role played by aucun, aucune chose, aucune part and aucune fois respectively in the evolution of quelqu’un, quelque chose, quelque part and quelque fois.Our objective is to determine, from the study of morphosyntactic and semantic characteristics of the series [aucun], if we can speak about grammaticalization or lexicalization. Would it be exaggerated to talk about grammaticalization in which it requires a change of grammatical category, and would it be cautious to opt to lexicalization which treats, according to Prévost (2006), just the target form that should be lexical without taking into consideration the original form, lexical or grammatical ? To achieve this study, we have constructed a corpus, starting from the Old French to the Modern French, from the Base du Français Médiéval, the Dictionnaire du Moyen Français and Frantext
Saltaji, Sabrina. "Étude de l’apport de flores microbiennes issues du lait cru, purifiées par le procédé Bionatif®, appliquées à une production fromagère." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Rochelle, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LAROS033.
Full textStarter cultures confer enhanced properties to improve organoleptic, sensory and nutritional attributes upon the cheese matrix. The subject of this PhD project was the patented Bionatif® process. That process purifies raw milk from hygiene and spoilage microflora. Then, it restores a functional Undefined Mixed Starter Culture (UMSC) to the cheesemaker. That unique UMSC is composed of an intra-specific bacterial diversity specific to the terroir where the raw milk is collected.This work fixed two goals: i) to characterize the diversity of the UMSC and study their metabolic potential, ii) to study the expression of the UMSC in soft cheese technology. The UMSC intra-specific diversity study highlighted some bacterial variants of the L. lactis species. UMSC's L. lactis isolates showed superior and diversified metabolic properties through the expression of their sugar metabolism (D-xylose, D-tagatose, etc.). A comparative genome study confirmed this result and could link these metabolic properties to an environmental origin. L. lactis isolates also possess rich CRISPR-Cas clusters. These clusters could confer them a high resistance against bacteriophages. Besides, an antimicrobial potential has been phenotypically observed and then confirmed through genomic studies. In soft cheese technology, the comparison between defined starter cultures designed under laboratory conditions and UMSC from the Bionatif® process demonstrated that the more complex and diversified the bacterial consortium of the UMSC, the better the sensory and rheological properties of the cheese
Truan, Naomi. "“Who Are You Talking About?”. The Pragmatics of Third-Person Referring Expressions : a Contrastive Corpus-Based Study of British, German, and French Parliamentary Debates." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL014.
Full textBased on a corpus of British, French, and German parliamentary debates, this research presents an integrated account of how third person expressions denoting human referents can encode the targets of an utterance – as opposed to the addressee. Third person forms include every linguistic item triggering third person agreement, regarded as a heterogeneous category: third person pronouns (he, she, one, they in English, il(s), elle(s), on in French, er, sie, man in German), interrogative and indefinite pronouns (whoever, qui, quiconque, wer), quantifiers (all, every, many, some, anyone, tous, chacun, beaucoup, certains, alle, jeder, viele, manche, etc.), relative clauses introduced by those (those who, ceux qui, diejenigen, die), and noun phrases containing a noun denoting a human agent (people, citizen, peuple, personnes, citoyen , Volk, Leute, Menschen, Bürger, etc.). I combine a trilingual contrastive research design with a qualitative discourse-analytic and a quantitative corpus- based perspective to determine how reference to the targets of an utterance, conceived as a speech role distinct from the empirical persons, can be achieved by third person expressions. With most existing research focusing on the first and second persons, third person reference has been considerably neglected. Yet, the conceptualisation of targets via third person expressions is explicit, pervasive, functional, and occurs with equal frequency throughout the political spectrum. By focusing on the newly refined speech role of the target, attention is given to the continuity between second and third grammatical persons as a system referring to addressees and targets of an utterance
In dieser Arbeit präsentiere ich eine umfassende Analyse der Funktionsweisen von englischen, französischen und deutschen Ausdrücken der dritten Person zur Bezeichnung menschlicher Referenten, an die eine Äußerung gerichtet ist. Zu den Formen der dritten Person gehören alle sprachlichen Elemente, die in Bezug auf die grammatischen Kategorien Person und Numerus mit Verben in der dritten Person verwendet werden: Personalpronomen (er, sie, man im Deutschen, he, she, they, one im Englischen, il(s), elle(s), im Französischen), Interrogativ- oder Indefinitpronomen (wer, whoever, qui, quiconque), Quantifikatoren (alle, jeder, viele, manche, all, every, many, some, anyone, tous, chacun, beaucoup, certains), Relativsätze (diejenigen, die, ceux qui, those who), und Nominalsyntagmen, die ein Substantiv enthalten, das einen menschlichen Referenten bezeichnet (Volk, Leute, Menschen, Bürger, people, citizen, peuple, personnes, citoyen, etc.). Anhand eines Korpus britischer, französischer und deutscher Parlamentsdebatten kombiniere ich ein sprachkontrastives Forschungsdesign mit einer qualitativen Diskursanalyse und einer quantitativen korpusbasierten Perspektive, um zu bestimmen, wie der Bezug auf die gemeinten Referenten erfolgt. Bisher hat sich die Forschung auf Formen der ersten und zweiten Person konzentriert und die dritte Person vernachlässigt, obwohl explizite, funktionale Bezüge auf den intendierten Referenten einer Äußerung in der dritten Person allgegenwärtig sind und im gesamten politischen Spektrum vorkommen
Martin, Fabienne. "Prédicats statifs, causatifs et résultatifs en discours. Sémantique des adjectifs évaluatifs et des verbes psychologiques." Phd thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00450803.
Full textGraveline, Pascal. "Infini divin et causalité du premier principe chez Proclus." Thèse, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7511.
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