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Journal articles on the topic 'Independent use of computer tests'
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1
Muljono, Muljono, Umriya Afini, Catur Supriyanto, and Raden Arief Nugroho. "The Development of Indonesian POS Tagging System for Computer-aided Independent Language Learning." International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) 12, no. 11 (2017): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v12i11.7383.
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Word processing tool is a basic need in learning a language. One of the word processors needed by a language learner is part of speech (POS) tagging. While many POS Tagging tools for Indonesian language have been developed, no systems have been addressed specifically for language learners. This paper presents a study on an Indonesian part of speech (POS) tagging system developed as one of word processing tools for language learners. We use resources from previous Indonesian POS tagging research, such as MorphInd for the morphological analysis and IPOSTagger for part of speech tagging. Objective and subjective tests are employed to evaluate this system. In the objective test the part of speech tagging results use a system model developed from IPOSTagger in combination with MorphInd as the morphological analyzer, and compared with the results of part of speech tagging produced from the original IPOSTagger system model. The results show that the part of speech tagging accuracy using this system model is higher than other models. For its subjective evaluation, Mean Opinion Score (MOS) is used to the 24 participating respondents. The MOS results obtained reach 3,61 for test-1, 3,87 for test-2, and 3,72 for test-3. From the results, we expect that this POS tagging system could be used to help language learners in their Indonesian language self-learning process.
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Wang, Xian, Paula Tarrío, Ana María Bernardos, Eduardo Metola, and José Ramón Casar. "User-independent accelerometer-based gesture recognition for mobile devices." ADCAIJ: Advances in Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence Journal 1, no. 3 (2013): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14201/adcaij20121311125.
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Many mobile devices embed nowadays inertial sensors. This enables new forms of human-computer interaction through the use of gestures (movements performed with the mobile device) as a way of communication. This paper presents an accelerometer-based gesture recognition system for mobile devices which is able to recognize a collection of 10 different hand gestures. The system was conceived to be light and to operate in a user-independent manner in real time. The recognition system was implemented in a smart phone and evaluated through a collection of user tests, which showed a recognition accuracy similar to other state-of-the art techniques and a lower computational complexity. The system was also used to build a human-robot interface that enables controlling a wheeled robot with the gestures made with the mobile phone
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Axak, Natalia, and Andrii Тatarnykov A. "The system of monitoring students’ behavior during e-tests." Bulletin of Kharkov National Automobile and Highway University, no. 96 (May 24, 2022): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.30977/bul.2219-5548.2022.96.0.7.
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Problem. In connection with the transfer of the educational process to a fundamentally new level, the role of independent work of students, which has become the main form of the knowledge, is growing significantly. Therefore, the computer testing is becoming increasingly important as a means of monitoring the students' learning materials. These speedsup the control process and ensures its objectivity. However, the testing process is vulnerable to possible students’ abuse – use of aids, outside help, etc. Goal. The goal is developing a client-server system for analyzing students' behavior during e-testing. Methodology. Solution of the set tasks involved application of the set-theoretical approach in order to build up the model of an observation process for students' behavior and their component organization as well as their interaction, image processing methods. Results. A model of the monitoring process of the students' behavior is proposed, which allows real-time monitoring of violations during e-testing based on face recognition. The principle of operation of the developed system also described comparative analysis with existing analogues. Originality. A monitoring system is proposed, which includes the following features: tracking the active URLs, obtaining the list of network connections, real-time tracking of any changes in parameters (width and height) of the active window, creation of screenshots of the working area of the computer screen and photographs using a web camera, automatic reading of the contents of the clipboard and keeping a log of pressed keys, taking screenshots of the working area of the computer screen and photographs using a web camera, recognizing the student's face and tracking their position regarding the webcam. If violations are detected, the received messages are recorded and sent to the server. Practical value. The use of the proposed monitoring system for students' behavior will allow to remotely identify a larger number of violations that were not previously detected.
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Mokhtarnia, Shabnam, and Mohammad Alavi. "Computer-assisted Writing: An Investigation of Metacognitive Awareness of Writing Strategies of Iranian EFL Learners." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 9, no. 3 (2015): 1894–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jssr.v9i3.3794.
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The purpose of this study was to compare the reported use of writing strategies of Iranian EFL learners in two different venues of technology-assisted and conventional writing classes. Overall, thirty two EFL students participated in this study, eighteen in a technology-assisted and fourteen in a conventional English class who responded to a 64-item Likert scale writing strategy inventory adapted from Wei and Chen (2004) and Griffiths and Jordan (2005). The results of the independent sample t-tests revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between the reported use of language-related writing strategies. The results of the paired-sample t-tests, in addition, demonstrated that just in the technology-assisted environment, there was a statistically significant difference for the constructs of language-related and organization strategies and writing experience. The results of this study could carry significant implications for technology-assisted writing instruction in EFL contexts.Â
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WU, EDMOND H. C., PHILIP L. H. YU, and W. K. LI. "VALUE AT RISK ESTIMATION USING INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS-GENERALIZED AUTOREGRESSIVE CONDITIONAL HETEROSCEDASTICITY (ICA-GARCH) MODELS." International Journal of Neural Systems 16, no. 05 (2006): 371–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129065706000779.
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We suggest using independent component analysis (ICA) to decompose multivariate time series into statistically independent time series. Then, we propose to use ICA-GARCH models which are computationally efficient to estimate the multivariate volatilities. The experimental results show that the ICA-GARCH models are more effective than existing methods, including DCC, PCA-GARCH, and EWMA. We also apply the proposed models to compute value at risk (VaR) for risk management applications. The backtesting and the out-of-sample tests validate the performance of ICA-GARCH models for value at risk estimation.
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HOLMAN, ERIC W. "APPROXIMATELY INDEPENDENT FEATURES OF LANGUAGES." International Journal of Modern Physics C 19, no. 02 (2008): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183108012029.
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To facilitate the testing of models for the evolution of languages, the present paper offers a set of linguistic features that are approximately independent of each other. To find these features, the adjusted Rand index (R′) is used to estimate the degree of pairwise relationship among 130 linguistic features in a large published database. Many of the R′ values prove to be near zero, as predicted for independent features, and a subset of 47 features is found with an average R′ of -0.0001. These 47 features are recommended for use in statistical tests that require independent units of analysis.
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Wild, Katherine, Nora Mattek, Nicole Sharma, Jennifer Marcoe, Rachel Wall, and Jeffrey Kaye. "USE OF TECHNOLOGY BY FOUR DIVERSE COHORTS OF OLDER ADULTS: FINDINGS FROM THE CART STUDY." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (2019): S328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1196.
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Abstract Early studies of technology adoption and computer use identified a “digital divide” between older adults and the general population. As that gap has narrowed, other demographic variables have been identified as continuing to foster disparities in access to and use of computers and related technologies. For example, gender, socioeconomic status, education, and ethnicity have been recognized as predictors of computer use among community living older adults. The ORCATECH Collaborative Aging (In Place) Research Using Technology (CART) initiative was designed to develop and validate an infrastructure for research utilizing technologies to facilitate healthy and independent aging. The CART program tests innovative technology applications in four diverse populations: residents in low income, section 202 housing in Portland; isolated, rural veterans in the Pacific Northwest; urban African American seniors in Chicago; and socially isolated, ethnically diverse low income seniors in Miami. As part of their participation in the CART project, older adults complete an annual survey of health and technology use. A total of 214 participants were enrolled and agreed to have their homes instrumented with the CART platform of monitoring technologies. Across all four cohorts 166 answered the technology survey thus far: 82 - 97% of participants own a cell phone; 64 - 78% perform some online banking activities. There were no differences among cohorts in computer use or cell phone ownership, or in other measures of technology use. Inclusion of ethnically and economically diverse populations in future technology research will be critical in the development of effective digital health interventions.
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Ferreira, Aristides I., Leandro S. Almeida, and Gerardo Prieto. "Construction of a Memory Battery for Computerized Administration, Using Item-Response Theory." Psychological Reports 111, no. 2 (2012): 585–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/03.04.pr0.111.5.585-609.
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In accordance with Item Response Theory, a computer memory battery with six tests was constructed for use in the Portuguese adult population. A factor analysis was conducted to assess the internal structure of the tests ( N = 547 undergraduate students). According to the literature, several confirmatory factor models were evaluated. Results showed better fit of a model with two independent latent variables corresponding to verbal and non-verbal factors, reproducing the initial battery organization. Internal consistency reliability for the six tests were α = .72 to .89. IRT analyses (Rasch and partial credit models) yielded good Infit and Outfit measures and high precision for parameter estimation. The potential utility of these memory tasks for psychological research and practice will be discussed.
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Adam, Nawal Abdalla. "An Empirical Investigation of the Impact of Technological Factors on Computer – Based Information Systems (CBIS) Usage by Managers in Banking Sector in Sudan." Journal of Social Science Studies 3, no. 1 (2015): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jsss.v3i1.7819.
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<p>Computers are becoming more available in Sudanese banks with more sophisticated software and advanced information systems. But factors that might affect acceptance and utilization of these systems by managers need to be examined. This paper seeks to assess the influence of technological factors on computer-based information systems usage by managers in Sudanese banks with reference to the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). A questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 120 randomly selected middle level managers from different banks in Khartoum State and Gezira State in Sudan. Linear and multiple regression analysis and χ 2 (chi – square) tests were conducted to determine the relationship between the dependent research variable (computer- based information system usage) and the independent research variables (perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, manager involvement in system design and implementation, and availability of technical support). Findings of this study suggest that the perceived ease of using the system (PEOU) and the perceived usefulness of the system (PU) have significant influence on the computer- based information system usage by banks’ managers. The empirical evidence also proved that the perceived ease of use and the perceived usefulness were fully mediating the influence of the technological factors (manager involvement in system design and implementation and technical support). The academic and practical implications of the study were discussed and suggestions for future research was presented.</p>
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Mthethwa, Patrick. "Teaching Vocabulary Using Multimedia: The Case of U.S. International Students." Global Journal of Foreign Language Teaching 8, no. 2 (2018): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjflt.v8i2.3190.
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The study examined the use of Multimedia in teaching of vocabulary. For the past decades, the use of technology in the language classrooms has been an important aspect of language instruction. Most research in language teaching has focused on the efficacy of teaching using computers. Sixty participants (40 females and 20 males), studying in the United States, participated in this study. Stratified sampling using nationality as a stratification variable was used to select participants. In this study, there were two independent variables, with each variable having two levels. The first independent variable was “use of pictures,” with two levels: still versus animation, and the second independent variable was “knowledge type”, with two levels: receptive versus productive. The dependent variables were participants’ scores derived from vocabulary tests obtained from pre-test and post-test. Data were analyzed using dependent t–tests and Pearson r correlation efficient. The results revealed that there was a positive correlation between the use of still and animated pictures in teaching vocabulary, while the dependent t-tests revealed that there was a significant difference between retention of still receptive knowledge and still productive knowledge, also between animated receptive knowledge and animated productive knowledge. The results have implications for teaching vocabulary using Multimedia.
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Shang, Hui-Fang. "Incorporating Computer-Mediated Communications in EFL Reading." Technical Communication 70, no. 2 (2023): 72–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.55177/tc454765.
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Purpose: The incorporation of computer-mediated communication (CMC) has been widely used in recent English as a foreign language (EFL) teaching and learning due to the rapid advancement of technology. Despite the prevalence of online CMC communications, previous research has yielded mixed results, and empirical evidence on how online communications affect student reading comprehension is limited. This study compares the effects of online asynchronous and synchronous communications on EFL reading comprehension in a Taiwanese collaborative learning context. Method: Ten reading comprehension tests and an online questionnaire survey were administered to 100 university students enrolled in two senior reading classes in Southern Taiwan. Independent-sample t-tests, descriptive statistics, and Pearson product-moment correlation analyses were computed to investigate the differences and relationships between perceived asynchronous and synchronous communication use on EFL reading comprehension performance. Results: The findings revealed that participants used the synchronous communication mode more frequently than the asynchronous mode. The reading score obtained through the synchronous group was slightly higher than that obtained through the asynchronous group; no statistically significant difference was found. As students practiced more in asynchronous and synchronous communication modes, their reading comprehension ability improved significantly. Conclusion: Although learners generally accept both online communication modes, the open-ended question results reveal several disadvantages and advantages of online communication environments. The study's limitations, as well as the implications for instructional pedagogy and future research, are presented and discussed.
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Aletan, M., E. Falade, N. Erondu, and R. Ogunsola. "UNDERGRADUATES’ VIEWS AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS THE USE OF COMPUTER-BASED TESTS FOR EXAMINATION AT THE UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS, NIGERIA." International Journal of Advanced Research in Social Sciences, Environmental Studies & Technology 7, no. 1 (2022): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.48028/iiprds/ijarssest.v7.i1.05.
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This study examined the perception and attitude of undergraduate students towards the use of the computer-based test (CBT) for examination at the University of Lagos. The researcher formulated and tested four research hypotheses to direct the study's findings. The Descriptive Survey Research Method was used to sample two hundred (200) undergraduate students at the University of Lagos. The sample comprised 88 male and 112 female 300 level students randomly selected from four different faculties (Education, Science, Social Sciences and Arts). Data was collected using a structured questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.76 when tested on the pilot study. Simple percentage and frequency counts were used to analyse the demographic data. The independent t-test statistical tool tested the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance hypotheses. Findings from the study showed that 1) there is no significant gender difference in the views and attitudes of undergraduates towards the use of CBT for examination in the University of Lagos, 2) there is a perceived significant impact of CBT on the performance of undergraduate students in the University of Lagos, 3) there are significant problems associated with the use of CBT for examination in the University of Lagos. According to the above findings, the study recommends that the university's examination board should consistently adopt the CBT techniques in examination and increase the degree of transparency in the presentation of exam results, as it extends the examination duration for calculation-based courses. Additionally, the test developer should formulate more CBTs than the traditional paper and pencil tests.
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Gammerman, A., and A. R. Thatcher. "Bayesian Diagnostic Probabilities without Assuming Independence of Symptoms." Methods of Information in Medicine 30, no. 01 (1991): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634813.
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The paper describes an application of Bayes’ Theorem to the problem of estimating from past data the probabilities that patients have certain diseases, given their symptoms. The data consist of hospital records of patients who suffered acute abdominal pain. For each patient the records showed a large number of symptoms and the final diagnosis, to one of nine diseases or diagnostic groups. Most current methods of computer diagnosis use the “Simple Bayes” model in which the symptoms are assumed to be independent, but the present paper does not make this assumption. Those symptoms (or lack of symptoms) which are most relevant to the diagnosis of each disease are identified by a sequence of chi-squared tests. The computer diagnoses obtained as a result of the implementation of this approach are compared with those given by the “Simple Bayes” method, by the method of classification trees (CART), and also with the preliminary and final diagnoses made by physicians.
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Cole, Michele T., Louis B. Swartz, and Daniel J. Shelley. "Students’ Use of Technology in Learning Course Material." International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education 10, no. 1 (2014): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijicte.2014010104.
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This paper presents the results of a four-year study examining business students’ perceptions of academic integrity and the role of technology in e-learning. This study is an extension of previous research on academic integrity in the online environment (Cole, Shelley & Swartz, 2013; Cole & Swartz, 2013; Shelley, Cole & Swartz, 2010). Of the 553 students who participated in the study, more than a third did not believe that academic integrity applied equally online and in the classroom. Independent-samples t-tests showed statistically significant differences based on gender, but not by age group or level of study. There were 200 responses to what made the two learning environments different. Students pointed to the “real world” where accessing all available resources to solve a problem was the norm, suggesting that instructors should recognize that and adapt their expectations of what is and is not acceptable behavior in the courses they teach.
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Veitia, Andrzej, and Steven J. van Enk. "Testing the context-independence of quantum gates." quantum Information and Computation 20, no. 15&16 (2020): 1304–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/qic20.15-16-3.
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The actual gate performed on, say, a qubit in a quantum computer may depend, not just on the actual laser pulses and voltages we programmed to implement the gate, but on its context as well. For example, it may depend on what gate has just been applied to the same qubit, or on how much a long series of previous laser pulses has been heating up the qubit's environment. This paper analyzes several tests to detect such context-dependent errors (which include various types of non-Markovian errors). A key feature of these tests is that they are robust against both state preparation and measurement (SPAM) errors and gate-dependent errors. Since context-dependent errors are expected to be small in practice, it becomes important to carefully analyze the effects of statistical fluctuations and so we investigate the power and precision of our tests as functions of the number of repetitions and the length of the sequences of gates. From our tests an important quantity emerges: the logarithm of the determinant (log-det) of a probability (relative frequency) matrix $\mP.$ For this reason, we derive the probability distribution of the log-det estimates which we then use to examine the performance of our tests for various single- and two-qubit sets of measurements and initial states. Finally, we emphasize the connection between the log-det and the degree of reversibility (the unitarity) of a context-independent operation.
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Mjenda, Marcellina, Védaste Mutarutinya, and Dickson Owiti. "Assessing the Effectiveness of Computer-Aided Instructional Techniques in Enhancing Students’ 3D Geometry Spatial Visualization Skills Among Secondary School Students in Tanzania." International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research 22, no. 6 (2023): 613–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.22.6.31.
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Proficiency in spatial visualization plays a significant role in learning 3D geometry. Spatial visualization ability can be enhanced through the use of relevant teaching and learning techniques. The study aimed to investigate the impact of computer-aided instructional techniques on improving students' spatial visualization skills in learning 3D geometry, addressing the issue of low spatial visualization ability among students. The study followed a mixed research approach with a quasi-experimental design. Twenty mathematics teachers were purposively selected, and 267 Level-4 students from six ordinary-level secondary schools were purposively chosen for the study. Data were gathered using interviews, and pre- and post-tests of control and treatment groups through the use of computer simulation and animation of 3D figures in the treatment group, while the control group was taught using traditional methods. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to compute descriptive and inferential statistics from quantitative data, while thematic analysis was applied to analyze qualitative data. The results from mathematics teachers’ interviews indicate that teachers put less emphasis on enhancing students’ spatial visualization abilities. Students from the treatment group outperformed the control groups on spatial visualization ability in terms of test scores. Additionally, an independent sample t-test revealed a statistically significant difference between the control and treatment groups in terms of spatial visualization ability. The computer-aided instructional approach is relevant in enhancing students’ spatial visualization abilities. To improve students' spatial visualization skills, the researchers propose in-service training for teachers to incorporate computer simulations and animations into the teaching and learning of 3D geometry.
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Karroumi, Yassine. "Impact of the Use of Gamified Online Tools for Developing Logical Analysis Competences: A Study with Castor in the Educational Context." International Journal of Information and Education Technology 15, no. 3 (2025): 461–68. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2025.15.3.2257.
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This study examines the impact of gamification on the development of logical analysis in computer science among secondary school students. Gamification, which involved the integration of game mechanisms into non-gaming contexts, is studied for its motivating effects and its influence on student learning. Moreover, the study addresses the underutilization of gamification to enhance problem-solving skills and logical thinking. The experimental study employs two variables: gamification as the independent variable and the development of logical analysis skills as the dependent variable. Furthermore, the methodology, grounded in a quantitative approach, involved a sample of 28 secondary school students. Tests were designed to assess students’ difficulties in logical reasoning, and a certified test based on Howard Gardner’s model evaluated different types of intelligence. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in student performance, particularly among those who face difficulties in analyzing problems or logical situations in computer science. Consequently, gamification emerges as an effective approach to boost engagement and enhance the logical-mathematical skills of secondary school learners. Additionally, the research identifies a correlation between logical-mathematical intelligence and students’ performance in computer-related problem analysis, emphasizing the importance of logical thinking in problem-solving.
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Boitan, Alexandru, Ireneusz Kubiak, Simona Halunga, Artur Przybysz, and Andrzej Stańczak. "Method of Colors and Secure Fonts Used for Source Shaping of Valuable Emissions from Projector in Electromagnetic Eavesdropping Process." Symmetry 12, no. 11 (2020): 1908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12111908.
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The protection of information processed electronically involves a large number of IT devices from computer sets or laptops to monitors, printers, servers, etc. In many cases, classified information processing might be associated with the use of projectors, which are an indispensable element of meetings for a limited group of people. Such devices are connected to computers through interfaces of various analogue and digital standards and can become an additional source of unwanted emissions, and the distinctive features of these emissions allow the information displayed to be unwantedly reproduced. This paper offers evidence of the existing threat related to electromagnetic infiltration of several projectors, by showing images reconstructed from registered revealing emissions. The paper presents an analysis of several solutions that can be used to reduce the level of infiltration susceptibility of projectors or to highlight this property in the device assessment process. The possibilities of using special computer fonts and the so-called method of colors—background color and text color—is analyzed. The tests were carried out on randomly selected projectors in two independent laboratories, and, based on these results, a number of interesting conclusions have been highlighted at the end.
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Matuszek, Dominika. "Modelling selected parameters of granular elements in the mixing process." International Agrophysics 29, no. 1 (2015): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/intag-2015-0002.
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Abstract This paper presents the effects of mixing non-homogeneous bicomponent granular structures by the flow method with the use of an inverted cone insert as a supporting element. The analysis of homogeneity of mixtures after 10 consecutive flows was carried out based on computer image analysis. Based on these tests, the use of a nonlinear regression for the modelling of two selected parameters of the process was proposed. Spatial dependence was described by the relation between the variance of the tracer distribution (dependent variable) and density ratio of the mixed components, and the diameter of the cone insert used (independent variables). The mathematical description was made with the use of a ‘nonlinear regression’ module. The results obtained in these tests proved that the use of supporting insert improves the degree of mixability of granular materials. The twodimensional model in the form of a quadratic function may be a formula for describing the influence of selected parameters on the homogeneity of a granulate mixture before the beginning of the mixing process.
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Nisa, Alifia Zumrotul, Evy Maya Stefany, and Medika Risnasari. "Utilization Exe-Learning in Development E-Teaching Module for Independent Curriculum in Learning Informatics Network Material Computer." Edunesia : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan 6, no. 1 (2025): 74–89. https://doi.org/10.51276/edu.v6i1.846.
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Technology has been applied in various areas of life, including education. Technological advances provide students with more materials and lessons to help them learn more efficiently. One application that can be used to create e-learning modules that optimize digital media. In the Exe learning program, teachers can develop modules to add text, images, and videos and create multiple-choice questions. The development of learning media using the ADDIE model includes analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation, and it involves class X students of Computer Networks at SMKN 1 Sepulu as research subjects. Data was collected through observation, interviews and tests. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive and qualitative methods. Two expert validators, material experts and media experts, carried out the validation. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire. Validation results from material experts meet the requirements of 93%, which means they are very valid. The media expert results meet the requirements at 96%, which means they are valid. At the implementation stage, a trial was carried out. The results of field trials on 10th-grade Computer Network students showed that as many as 30 students obtained an average score of 92.6% with excellent qualifications, which means this media is easy for students to learn. The test results of EXE-based learning media show that the media is very suitable for use as a computer network learning medium and helps students in teaching and learning.
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Johnson, Genevieve M. "On-Campus and Fully-Online University Students: Comparing Demographics, Digital Technology Use and Learning Characteristics." Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice 12, no. 1 (2015): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.53761/1.12.1.4.
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First-year university students (n = 185) completed an online questionnaire that allowed comparison of those who reported studying on-campus with those who reported studying fully-online. Independent sample t-tests compared the means of students in the two study modes on demographics, frequency of use of digital technology and metacognitive learning characteristics. Compared to students who studied on-campus, students who studied fully-online were older, more likely to be native English speakers and had lower expectations of academic achievement. Compared to students who studied fully-online, students who studied on-campus were more likely to use a computer to chat or tweet, had higher levels of extrinsic achievement motivation and expressed greater need for peer and teacher support for learning. Some differences between on-campus and fully-online students appear to be eroding; other differences persist. Implications for instructional practice are presented.
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Miranda, David, Carmen Li, and Ticianne Darin. "UES-Br." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 5, CHI PLAY (2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3474705.
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The User Engagement Scale (UES) is a self-reported attitude scale broadly used in user research to measure their engagement with interactive systems, such as digital games and applications. The present work presents a translation of UES to the Portuguese language and its cultural adaptation to the Brazilian context. We followed five steps for the cross-cultural adaptation process: Translation, Synthesis, Back translation, Expert committee review, and Pretesting. Seeking to assure that the translated version is equivalent to the original in terms of metrics and semantics, we run tests on two data sets collected from 432 users' past experiences. As expected, T-tests for independent samples demonstrated that UES-Br provides significantly higher engagement experiences than scores for non-engaging experiences. An exploratory factor analysis indicated that most items were strongly correlated to the main factor (Engagement), showing a single underlying factor for all items. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis suggests that the original four-factor model provided an adequate fit to the data collected with UES-Br. The translation also demonstrated evidence of validity and reliability. This paper contributes to the global player- and human-computer interaction knowledge by enabling the Portuguese-speaking community to use a validated tool already established for native English speakers.
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Li, Guofang, Fubiao Zhen, and Ziwen Mei. "Digital Devices Use and Chinese-Canadian First Graders’ Early English Literacy Development: A Mixed-Methods Study." Education Sciences 15, no. 1 (2025): 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci15010048.
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This mixed-methods study investigates the impact of digital devices use at home on early English literacy development among 121 Chinese-Canadian first graders, as well as their parents’ perspectives on the families’ purposes and practices of digital devices use for English literacy, highlighting bilingual children’s experiences with multiple digital devices. To understand the relationships between the children’s digital practices and early English literacy development, we collected quantitative data on children’s English literacy skills—including reading comprehension, decoding, and receptive vocabulary—alongside frequency data on digital devices use including those on computer use and television viewing. Parents of 66 children participated in interviews, providing context-specific insights into devices use purposes and language learning practices. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and independent samples t-tests to examine group differences. Hierarchical linear regression explored associations between digital devices use and early English literacy outcomes, while thematic analysis identified patterns from parental interviews. Results indicate a positive association between controlled television exposure and receptive vocabulary. However, no significant relationship was observed between television or computer use and decoding or reading comprehension. Findings emphasize the multifaceted but limited role of digital devices, with parents struggling to balance educational benefits and long-term concerns.
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Luengo, Elena Almaraz, and Luis Javier García Villalba. "Recommendations on Statistical Randomness Test Batteries for Cryptographic Purposes." ACM Computing Surveys 54, no. 4 (2021): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3447773.
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Security in different applications is closely related to the goodness of the sequences generated for such purposes. Not only in Cryptography but also in other areas, it is necessary to obtain long sequences of random numbers or that, at least, behave as such. To decide whether the generator used produces sequences that are random, unpredictable and independent, statistical checks are needed. Different batteries of hypothesis tests have been proposed for this purpose. In this work, a survey of the main test batteries is presented, indicating their pros and cons, giving some guidelines for their use and presenting some practical examples.
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Wenur, Maria Agustina Gabriela, Tinneke M. Tumbel, and Olivia F. C. Walangitan. "The Influence of Instagram Social Media and Brand on the Decision to Use ELIOR Studio Services." Productivity 5, no. 4 (2024): 979–89. https://doi.org/10.35797/ejp.v5i4.57219.
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In this study, an attempt was made to find the influence between independent variables and dependent variables through hypothesis testing. This study has a total population of 7,000 clients with a sample of 100 clients. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an influence of Instagram social media and Brand on the Decision to use services at ELIOR Studio. In statistical testing in this study, it was carried out using the Ttest test, Ftest test, through the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) computer program, the following results were obtained: based on the Ttest and Ftest tests, the results stated that the Instagram social media and Brand variables positively and significantly influenced the Decision of clients as respondents in determining the use of services at ELIOR Studio, both simultaneously and partially. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that Instagram Social Media and Brand play a significant role in influencing the Decision to use services at ELIOR Studio.
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Ribeiro, Constantino Gonçalves, Luciano Santos Constantin Raptopoulos, and Max Suell Dutra. "An embedded computer cluster for controlling an autonomous unmanned air vehicle crane." Application and Theory of Computer Technology 2, no. 2 (2017): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22496/atct20170208141.
Full textAbstract:
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) usage are becoming part of many dally tasks. They are substituting bigger and more expensive crafts, but these substitutions do not mean a reduction of complexity and cost of operate these UAVs. In many applications is more expensive use UAVs than the original equipment. It´s because of cost of better trained operators, expensive remote control environment to control de the vehicles and sophisticated UAVs. This work proposes a robotic flying crane that uses a light than air vehicle and performs its tasks as much independent of remote operators as possible, and minimizing connection to a mission control facility. This independence of operation is a result of embedding the path mission control into the UAV. The embedded path control makes the UAV less dependable of connections with its control center and consequently less dependable of human interaction. The kinematics and dynamics of a light than air vehicle (blimp) able to perform the task of logging transportations, was develop and a prototype of an embedded parallel-distributed compute was constructed. Finally, new procedures to resolve navigations and collision evasions issues are proposed to prove the concept. A simulator was used to reproduce new evasion procedures and a new parallel / distributed program for optimal path discover was developed and used in the embedded cluster prototype. The tests simulations of evasion procedures were satisfactory, and better performance of speed up tests in embedded cluster prototype showed the potential of the whole proposed framework.
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Sullivan, L. M., and R. B. D'Agostino. "Robustness of the t Test Applied to Data Distorted from Normality by Floor Effects." Journal of Dental Research 71, no. 12 (1992): 1938–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345920710121601.
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In calculus, plaque, and gingivitis trials, measures are taken on subjects both prior to the use of an active treatment and after its use. When the trial is short-term, or when a cleaning of the mouth takes place after the baseline measurement, distributions of such measures (e.g., the Volpe-Manhold score or the Loe and Silness scale) are approximately normally distributed above zero but also can have a proportion of subjects who attain scores of zero. When the effects of an active treatment are compared with those of a control, the two-independent-sample t test can be applied to outcome scores or to differences between the baseline and outcome scores. Robustness of these t tests, in the presence of distributions "distorted" from normality as described, was investigated by computer simulation. In general, both t tests produced actual significance levels which were close to nominal significance levels, even in the presence of small samples and distributions in which as many as 50% of the subjects attained scores of zero.
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Samura, Maximilianus Dasril, and Indah Febi Claudia. "The Relationship Between Lato-Lato Games And Decreased Gadget Use In Elementry School Age Children In Jati Kesuma village, Namorambe District Deli Serdang District, North Sumatera Province." JURNAL KEPERAWATAN DAN FISIOTERAPI (JKF) 6, no. 1 (2023): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35451/jkf.v6i1.1828.
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The development of an increasingly advanced era at this time resulted in more and more changes that occur in people's lives. In the current era of globalization, there are many types of developments ranging from developments in science, technology to political, economic and cultural developments. Technology that is very popular in this era of globalization is gadget. Gadgets were once only used by the upper middle class, but their use is now used by various groups, ranging from early childhood to adults.
 The research method used in this study is an analytical survey with a cross sectional approach. namely research that emphasizes the time of measurement or observation of data on the dependent variable and the independent variable is calculated at the same time or once. Factors that influence the level of lato-lato play with the use of gadgets include: parental age, parental education, child age and child gender. The results of statistical tests using the Chi Square test obtained a p value of
 0.002. So that the p value ? 0.05. Based on statistical tests, it can be seen that there is a significant relationship between lato-lato games and decreased gadget use in elementary school-age children in Jati Kesuma Village, Namorambe District, so that the results of statistical tests can be interpreted as Ho is rejected.
 And from the results of the above research, it can be suggested to parents to be aware of their children in the use of gadgets and more suggest to children to play games that can stimulate motor development and social development of children in the future.
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Khumairoh, Alvi, Fanya Jessica Prasanti, Raihani Mufti Zamaya, and Hardiana Widyastuti. "PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR (SD) YAYASAN ZAYNA NURFIRDAUS (YAZANI) MELALUI PROGRAM PENGAJARAN MATEMATIKA, BAHASA INGGRIS, DAN KOMPUTER DASAR." Jurnal Pengabdian Nasional (JPN) Indonesia 6, no. 2 (2025): 426–33. https://doi.org/10.63447/jpni.v6i2.1414.
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Improving the quality of education in Indonesia is an essential step toward achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4: Quality Education. This study aims to describe the implementation of a community service-based teaching program conducted in collaboration with the Zayna Nurfirdaus Indonesia Foundation (Yazani). The program focused on enhancing students’ competencies in Mathematics, English, and Basic Computer Skills. The teaching approach was interactive and participatory, incorporating visual media, educational games, small group discussions, and formative assessments through pre-tests and post-tests. Teaching strategies were adapted to meet students’ needs, including the use of coaching cards to guide independent learning, project-based activities (such as designing name cards or simple digital posters), and hands-on simulations for computer-based lessons. Activities were designed to encourage active learning, collaboration, and increased student confidence in completing academic tasks. The program was carried out over three months (September–November 2024), involving students supported by the foundation. Evaluation results indicated significant academic improvements: average Mathematics scores increased by 60%, English scores rose from 48 to 92, and Basic Computer Skills improved by 71.7%. Additionally, observations and interviews revealed greater student motivation and engagement throughout the learning process. These findings suggest that university student involvement through adaptive, student-centered teaching methods can contribute positively to improving educational outcomes. This program demonstrates a collaborative model that supports inclusive and sustainable education at the elementary level.
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Wood, Rachel, Emma Dixon, Salma Elsayed-Ali, Ekta Shokeen, Amanda Lazar, and Jonathan Lazar. "Investigating Best Practices for Remote Summative Usability Testing with People with Mild to Moderate Dementia." ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 14, no. 3 (2021): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3460942.
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People with dementia may miss out on the benefits of using technology, because they often find it difficult to use. Usability testing is one method to identify barriers and areas for improvement in technology. Unfortunately, usability testing is often not conducted with people with dementia, independent of their caregivers. Difficulty recruiting local participants with dementia who regularly use technology further compounds the problem. Remote methods have been proposed as one approach to recruiting hard-to-reach populations. Currently, it is unclear how to effectively conduct remote summative usability testing with people with dementia. We recruited 15 participants. Five took part in the pilot study and 10 participated in the main study. We identify best practices and make suggestions for remote summative usability tests with people who have mild to moderate dementia, independent of caregivers. We discuss our findings in three sections: (1) logistics for planning remote summative usability testing, (2) approaches for conducting remote summative usability testing, including modifications of research methods, and (3) considerations when evaluating findings from remote summative usability sessions. We also present modified usability testing methods we developed to meet the unique needs of users with mild to moderate dementia, and summarize lessons learned and new directions for research on this topic.
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Akgun, Fatma. "Parents’ Attitudes and Opinions towards Their Children's Use of Technology." International Journal of Research in Education and Science 9, no. 3 (2023): 597–622. http://dx.doi.org/10.46328/ijres.3157.
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The aim of the study is to determine the level of parents’ attitudes towards their children's use of information and communication technologies and to obtain parental views on the use of technology. To this end, the study was carried out with parents whose children were studying at primary and secondary school levels. Data were collected from 417 guardians for the quantitative dimension of the study, which was designed with a mixed methodological approach in which qualitative and quantitative models were used together, and interviews were conducted with 10 parents in the same sample group for the qualitative dimension. For the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple comparison tests and descriptive analysis technique was used. The results of the analysis of the data showed that the attitudes of the parents towards their children's use of technology were at a "good" level. In the study, no significant difference was found between the attitudes of parents towards their children's use of technology and the gender variables, while there was a significant difference between the variables of age, educational level, occupation, computer usage skills and computer usage time. The study also addressed which technological device their children use for which purpose, the technology-assisted applications used by their children for educational purposes, and the support given by parents to their children in terms of knowledge, skills, time management and safe use when using technology, and the positive and negative aspects of technology use, and various suggestions were made to parents for the correct and effective use of technology by parents.
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Vo, Thi Kim Anh. "E-exams in Vietnam’s Higher Education: Students’ Computer Efficacy and Attitudes." AsiaCALL Online Journal 14, no. 2 (2023): 62–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54855/acoj.231425.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has brought enormous changes to the educational systems worldwide. Due to the serious COVID-19 situation in Vietnam, most universities moved from offline exams to e-exams. The study was conducted in Vietnam to investigate EFL students’ computer efficacy and attitudes toward e-exams. The research employed the mixed method with an in-depth interview and a questionnaire. The number of participants was 1,099 students. The quantitative data were processed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, and MANOVA were calculated for the quantitative data analysis. Furthermore, themes and codes were utilized for the qualitative data. The study showed that students generally had good computer efficacy in performing e-exams and positive attitudes toward e-exams. Yet, students found it stressful to take e-exams due to problems such as cheating, plagiarism, and testing conditions that may arise during the online tests. Specific recommendations like appropriate supporting platforms for e-exams, the consideration of cost, timeliness, the quality of platforms, the combination between the use of e-exams and formative assessment, and what support the university needs to provide for students and lecturers are suggested.
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Kim, Sangjin, and Paul Schliekelman. "Prioritizing hypothesis tests for high throughput data." Bioinformatics 32, no. 6 (2015): 850–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btv608.
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Abstract Motivation: The advent of high throughput data has led to a massive increase in the number of hypothesis tests conducted in many types of biological studies and a concomitant increase in stringency of significance thresholds. Filtering methods, which use independent information to eliminate less promising tests and thus reduce multiple testing, have been widely and successfully applied. However, key questions remain about how to best apply them: When is filtering beneficial and when is it detrimental? How good does the independent information need to be in order for filtering to be effective? How should one choose the filter cutoff that separates tests that pass the filter from those that don’t? Result: We quantify the effect of the quality of the filter information, the filter cutoff and other factors on the effectiveness of the filter and show a number of results: If the filter has a high probability (e.g. 70%) of ranking true positive features highly (e.g. top 10%), then filtering can lead to dramatic increase (e.g. 10-fold) in discovery probability when there is high redundancy in information between hypothesis tests. Filtering is less effective when there is low redundancy between hypothesis tests and its benefit decreases rapidly as the quality of the filter information decreases. Furthermore, the outcome is highly dependent on the choice of filter cutoff. Choosing the cutoff without reference to the data will often lead to a large loss in discovery probability. However, naïve optimization of the cutoff using the data will lead to inflated type I error. We introduce a data-based method for choosing the cutoff that maintains control of the family-wise error rate via a correction factor to the significance threshold. Application of this approach offers as much as a several-fold advantage in discovery probability relative to no filtering, while maintaining type I error control. We also introduce a closely related method of P-value weighting that further improves performance. Availability and implementation: R code for calculating the correction factor is available at http://www.stat.uga.edu/people/faculty/paul-schliekelman. Contact: pdschlie@stat.uga.edu Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Estrada, Gabriel, Maurice Dawson, and Jose Antonio Cárdenas-Haro. "Investigating Issues in Computing Education: Usability Factors for the Use of an Operating System Among African American and Hispanic American High School Students." International Journal of Information and Communication Technologies in Education 8, no. 1 (2019): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijicte-2019-0001.
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Abstract African Americans and Hispanic Americans historically have been underrepresented in U.S. jobs in the fields of STEM in large part because of the usability of technology. In this research, the goal was to discover the usability factors relative to operating systems that may limit African Americans and Hispanic Americans from pursuit of computer science higher education. For the purpose of this study, “usability” refers to the “appropriateness of purpose.” Categorized by three factors, appropriateness of purpose can be defined as (i) the effectiveness of the users’ ability to complete tasks while using technology and the quality or output of those tasks, (ii) the efficiency and the level of resources used in performing tasks, and (iii) the satisfaction or users’ reaction to the use of technology (Brooke, 2014). This research examined quantitative analysis based on students’ routine computer task knowledge using a survey questionnaire and the SUS. The population included high school students responding to questions on common tasks and usability. A web survey was conducted to assess the measurement and understanding pattern demonstrated by the participants. The quantitative analysis of the computer usability included ANOVA, independent t-tests and orthogonal contrasts. The analysis of the SUS measured usability and learnability. The results of the data analysis showed that the combined African American and Hispanic group has a mean computer usability score that is significantly lower when compared with the other ethnicities and the SUS findings included the highest gap among this most underrepresented group in the STEM field.
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Wersényi, György. "Evaluation of Bone Conduction and Active-Noise-Cancellation Headsets Based on Listening Tests in a Virtual Environment." Infocommunications journal 15, no. 3 (2023): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36244/icj.2023.3.6.
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Alternative design headsets incorporating activenoise-cancellation or bone conduction were evaluated in listening tests in a virtual reality environment. Virtual sound sources in the horizontal plane had to be identified using stereo panning in the frontal hemisphere. In addition, transfer characteristics and damping effects were measured with a dummy-head. Results indicate that up to five source locations can be used in real applications with high accuracy in virtual scenarios, independent of the spectral content of the excitation signals. Furthermore, the use of noise cancellation in presence of 80 dB background noise does not improve performance. Commercially available bone conduction headsets can provide the same detection accuracy even if the subjective sound quality is lower.
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Izadpanah, Siros, and Mansooreh Alavi. "Student-engaged Viewpoint on Technology in Learning English in Zanjan Public High Schools." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 6, no. 4 (2016): 854. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0604.25.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate Iranian high school EFL students’ viewpoint of technology in general and CALL (computer-assisted language learning) in particular on their learning process of English. In order to collect data, a quantitative research design was applied. The quantitative data was collected through a validated questionnaire, CALL attitude instrument (CALLAI). The questionnaire was distributed in two different high schools (one male and one female high school) in Zanjan. Participants were 340 high school students who filled in CALLAI questionnaire. The data of the questionnaire was analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 20. Descriptive statistics including frequencies and percentages were used to analyze questionnaire items. In addition, Independent Samples Tests were applied to measure difference of attitudes by gender. Findings revealed that high school students hold positive attitude toward computer technology use in their learning process. Additionally, it was found that gender does not influence attitude of students.
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Montani, Margherita, Daniele Vitaliti, Renzo Capitani, and Claudio Annicchiarico. "Performance Review of Three Car Integrated ABS Types: Development of a Tire Independent Wheel Speed Control." Energies 13, no. 23 (2020): 6183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236183.
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This study concerns the development and testing of three types of Anti-lock Brake Systems (ABS): a standard on-off wheel’s acceleration control; a wheel’s longitudinal slip controller based on a discrete Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control; and a novel type of ABS that involves controlling the wheel’s speed through a discrete PID. This work was developed inside a wider project that will lead to the implementation of stability control systems in a prototype car. For this reason, the typologies of ABS must not require extra sensors compared to those in standard vehicles: Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) and 4-wheel speed sensors. Furthermore, they must be easily integrated with other controls and electronic components in terms of sampling time and values. The standard ABS seems more appropriate than the others two because it uses only parameters defined by sensors and it has a simple architecture that does not have the problem of computational time. However, in recent years, cars have been equipped with Electro-Hydraulic-Braking (EHB) units that improve the performance of the system controls. In fact, it is possible to use a control that allows actuators to follow a continuous target and smooth out pressure actions. Even if the longitudinal Slip Controller has a simple architecture and uses a PID control, it is limited to using quantities estimated instead of measured: the tires’ friction coefficient, the tires’ longitudinal stiffness, and the car’s speed. Therefore, the use of a Wheel Speed Controller is the right compromise to link the advantages of both controllers by following the braking pressure continuously and not needing to know the condition and properties of the tires. The results of tests carried out in a Hardware-In-the-Loop (HiL) system are showed and involved a complex vehicle model implemented in real-time.
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SKORIN, YURIY, та IRYNА ZOLOTАRYOVА. "INTRODUCTION OF THE DISTАNCE LEАRNING INFORMАTION SYSTEMS INTO THE TEАCHING OF COMPUTER SUBJECTS". Computer systems and information technologies, № 1 (14 квітня 2022): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/csit-2022-1-1.
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The аnаlysis of existing forms аnd аpproаches to improve the quаlity of the educаtionаl process through the use of distаnt leаrning informаtion systems, the mаin objectives of the direction of computerizаtion of the educаtionаl process, the most аppropriаte аreаs for the introduction of informаtion technology in the leаrning process, which concerns informаtion support clаsses when using extrаmurаl form, аnd during independent study аnd trаining students for tests аnd exаminаtions, аs well аs for informаtion support, hаs been conducted. The аim of this pаper is to thoroughly justify the choice of methods аs well аs softwаre tools for creаting distаnce leаrning informаtion systems, аnd provide specific suggestions on their use in the leаrning process. Distаnce leаrning systems аre widely used in speciаlist trаining, especiаlly in times of intensive development of informаtion technology. Therefore, there hаs been considerаble progress in the development of distаnce leаrning courses. Quite а number of trаining mаteriаls аnd mаnuаls hаve been developed. А thorough аnаlysis of existing systems аnd distаnce leаrning needs resulted in а set of requirements for the system to be developed, including аll the disciplines studied by students for а Bаchelor's degree, on the bаsis of which the system's functionаlity wаs developed. The аnаlysis of existing softwаre аnd justificаtion of Help & Mаnuаl softwаre product expediency аs а softwаre environment for distаnce leаrning informаtion systems, the vаriаnt of distаnce leаrning system creаtion wаs considered, аnd the suggestions on its use in the educаtionаl process were given. The use of the distаnce leаrning systems under considerаtion in the leаrning process is designed to effectively reinforce trаditionаl аpproаches to the teаching of аcаdemic disciplines, to broаden аnd complement the cаpаbilities of both teаchers аnd leаrners
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Ragulin, Vitaliy, Oleksandr Yaryzhko, and Olga Nazarko. "COMPUTER MODELING AS A METHOD AND MEANS OF IMPROVING CONSTRUCTION MACHINES." APPLIED GEOMETRY AND ENGINEERING GRAPHICS, no. 102 (June 27, 2022): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/0131-579x.2022.102.181-187.
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The task of improving the educational process, improving the quality of education in the field of engineering and the effective use of technical methods and tools in the design and modernization of construction equipment using computer software is the most pressing modern task.
 The emphasis in education, which is transferred to the independent work of the student without changing the approaches and methods of teaching disciplines, and even more so specialized subjects, has a negative impact on the quality of the future specialist. Especially in such a difficult time, when you have to completely switch to distance learning, it is extremely necessary to change the approach to learning, especially in senior courses.
 The creation of complex complexes and machines is accompanied by a significant number of intermediate tasks. The use of the whole complex of construction equipment is mainly used in various technological operations and with the use of various replaceable work equipment.
 Modern pace of road construction dictates high requirements for modern technology, one of the important parameters of which is the utilization rate of the machine over time. When performing technological operations, the load from the ground is transmitted through the main working body to all elements of the suspension mechanism of the working equipment.
 The use of software allows you to preview any activity during the simulation allows you to check for security, reduce costs, and sometimes find new ways to implement, without conducting expensive tests. To do this, it is necessary to pre-model the node, unit, module, which will interact in a complex system.
 The use of modeling will assess the appearance of the finished product and its structural elements. At the moment, the development of objects of any kind cannot but be accompanied by the creation of a 3D model. This process will allow you to analyze the accuracy of all components that will interact when installed on a designed or existing machine.
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Baiden, Ebenezer Ato, and Samuel Agbene. "Effectiveness of Computer-Assisted Instruction and Conventional Instructional Approaches on High School Student Performance in Cellular Respiration." Journal of Mathematics Instruction, Social Research and Opinion 1, no. 3 (2022): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.58421/misro.v1i3.41.
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This study examined the effects of computer-aided instruction (CAI) and conventional teaching methods on high school biology performance. He was randomly selected from each of his two schools to take two science courses. An unequal, quasi-experimental, pre-test, and post-test design were used. Students in the experimental group used their CAI to learn cellular respiration (a biological concept), while the control group learned the same cellular respiration using a conventional approach. Independent and paired-samples t-tests were used to analyze pre-and post-test results for both experimental and control groups. Results showed that students taught using the traditional approach performed better on the post-test than those taught using the CAI. However, students in the experimental group performed better after being instructed to use the CAI. The results also showed that underperforming students performed better after being tutored at CAI. This indicates that CAI is more effective in teaching underperforming students.
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Christ, Alexander, Danielle Ponzio, Michael Pitta, Kaitlin Carroll, Jeffrey M. Muir, and Peter K. Sculco. "Minimal Increase in Total Hip Arthroplasty Surgical Procedural Time with the Use of a Novel Surgical Navigation Tool." Open Orthopaedics Journal 12, no. 1 (2018): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874325001812010389.
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Background: Computer-assisted navigation has proven effective at improving the accuracy of component placement during Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA); however, the material costs, line-of-site issues and potential for significant time increases have limited their widespread use. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of an imageless navigation device on surgical time, when compared with standard mechanical guides. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed prospectively collected data from 61 consecutive primary unilateral THA cases (posterior approach) performed by a single surgeon. Procedural time (incision to closure) for THA performed with (intervention) or without (control) a computer-assisted navigation system was compared. In the intervention group, the additional time associated with the use of the device was recorded. Mean times were compared using independent samples t-tests with statistical significance set a priori at p<0.05. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between procedural time in the intervention and control groups (102.3±28.3 mins vs. 99.1±14.7 mins, p=0.60). The installation and use of the navigation device accounted for an average of 2.9 mins (SD: 1.6) per procedure, of which device-related setup performed prior to skin incision accounted for 1.1 mins (SD: 1.1) and intra-operative tasks accounted for 1.6 mins (SD: 1.2). Conclusion: In this series of 61 consecutive THAs performed by a single surgeon, the set-up and hands-on utilization of a novel surgical navigation tool required an additional 2.9 minutes per case. We suggest that the intraoperative benefits of this novel computer-assisted navigation platform outweigh the minimal operative time spent using this technology.
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Ribeiro, Constantino Gonçalves, Luciano Constantin Raptopoulos, and Max Suel Dutra. "A ROBOTIC FLYING CRANE CONTROLLED BY AN EMBEDDED COMPUTER CLUSTER." REVISTA FOCO 15, no. 7 (2022): e619. http://dx.doi.org/10.54751/revistafoco.v15n7-012.
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The applications of UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) are growing up and becoming part of many daily tasks in many organizations. However, as matter of fact, the use of a UAV does not mean the decreasing of operational complexities and, consequently, the costs of perform its tasks. Sometimes this high cost is connected to the dependence of well-trained operators and huge remote control facilities to operate asophisticated UAV's. This paper proposes a robotic flying crane using UAV that can perform its tasks as much independent of human interaction as possible, and with a minimum connection to any mission control facilities. This independence will beachieved by embedding the path mission control into the UAV. As path control is embedded, the UAV will have less connections issues with its control center and will be less dependable of human interaction. To prove this concept all kinematics anddynamics of a light than air vehicle (blimp) is develop; a prototype of an embedded parallel-distributed compute was constructed; and new procedures to resolve navigations and collision evasions issues are proposed. The new evasion procedures were implemented into a simulator and a new parallel / distributed program for optimal path discover was developed to be used into the cluster prototype. Tests of the evasion procedures simulator were satisfactory and speed up of embedded proposed cluster showed better performance of proposed framework.
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Boribayeva,, M. A., K. B. Baigisova, A. K. Sugirbekova, and A. B. Zhukina. "COMPUTER TESTING AS ONE OF THE FORMS OF FINAL CONTROL OF STUDENTS' KNOWLEDGE ON THE DISCIPLINE OF PHYSICS IN CONDITIONS OF DISTANCE EDUCATION." BULLETIN 5, no. 387 (2020): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-1467.164.
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The methodology of use, organization and content of computer testing for a final control of knowledge on Physics course is given in the article. Since in the conditions of intensive computerization of modern higher education, computer testing is increasingly chosen as a means of diagnosing educational achievements. Therefore, at the present stage of the education development, with the transition to student-centered learning, arises a need for test control at all stages of education. An active approach involves an organic combination in tests of developing and controlling functions and the use of so-called educational control. Moreover, with the introduction of the Unified National Testing, it became necessary to prepare students for a new test control form and more broadly – to motivate a student to succeed, deliver him from fear of examinations, to create a comfortable environment. The article substantiates the importance of using computer testing in an educational process. In the educational process, tests are of great importance, as well as by the results of their execution it is possible to judge not only about the level of knowledge, but also about the degree of development of some personal qualities, about the success or failure of a certain stage of training for the whole group or individual students. Tests suggest that a user has a certain amount of information, so they are most often used as a control method for fixing or repeating material. In this regard, tests for students are given a special place. They should be focused not only on solving educational problems, but also on teaching the student how to work with test, accumulating his experience in completing test tasks, developing the ability to control himself, find and correct his own mistakes. A use of test control performs several functions, among them a diagnostic function, which stands out as an independent one. It consists in the fact that the teacher can not only monitor the level of knowledge and skills of students, but also find out the causes of the gaps found, then to eliminate them. The advantages of computer testing over other forms of control are also considered. Some examples from the contents of test items are given. Their compliance with regulatory and criteria-oriented requirements in the development of tests. Rules for the development of tasks in a test form; basic mathematical and statistical methods for processing test results, methods for developing components and elements of resource support for testing learning outcomes. The article also presents the criteria for evaluating tests. The purpose of the tests to assess the level of thinking development, ability to apply knowledge to solve practical problems, as well as the ability to analyze the causes and results of certain physical phenomena are indicated. The article presents some results and analysis of the results of a pedagogical experiment on implementation of this methodology, carried out at the Department of General Scientific Disciplines of the Academy of Civil Aviation. The dynamics of growth in student academic performance by semester is shown in the table and the diagram.
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Zakirman, Zakirman. "The Effect of Using the Project Based Learning (PjBL) Learning Model to Increase UPI YPTK Padang Students' Understanding of the Application of Basic Physics Courses." JURNAL PENDIDIKAN MIPA 13, no. 1 (2023): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37630/jpm.v13i1.827.
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The linkage and coherence of Basic Physics material with material applications in real life is a new problem in Basic Physics lectures at Putra Indonesia University YPTK Padang. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of using the PjBL model to increase students' understanding of the application of the Basic Physics course. This type of research was a quasi-experimental involving a research sample of Informatics Engineering students at the Faculty of Computer Science UPI YPTK Padang who took the Basic Physics course in the 2019/2020 academic year. The sampling technique used is random sampling. In this study the sample class was divided into two categories, namely the experimental class of 51 students and the control class of 51 students. The instrument used is a work assessment sheet in the form of a portfolio. The data analysis technique used was an independent sample t-test, with prerequisite tests first being carried out, namely normality and homogeneity tests. Based on the results of the data analysis performed, the sig-2 tailed value for the independent sample t-test was 0.00 < of the value α = 0.05 . The conclusion from this study is that there are differences in student understanding between classes whose lectures use the PjBL model and classes that carry out conventional learning.
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Sultan, Laith R., Theodore W. Cary, Maryam Al-Hasani, et al. "Can Sequential Images from the Same Object Be Used for Training Machine Learning Models? A Case Study for Detecting Liver Disease by Ultrasound Radiomics." AI 3, no. 3 (2022): 739–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ai3030043.
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Machine learning for medical imaging not only requires sufficient amounts of data for training and testing but also that the data be independent. It is common to see highly interdependent data whenever there are inherent correlations between observations. This is especially to be expected for sequential imaging data taken from time series. In this study, we evaluate the use of statistical measures to test the independence of sequential ultrasound image data taken from the same case. A total of 1180 B-mode liver ultrasound images with 5903 regions of interests were analyzed. The ultrasound images were taken from two liver disease groups, fibrosis and steatosis, as well as normal cases. Computer-extracted texture features were then used to train a machine learning (ML) model for computer-aided diagnosis. The experiment resulted in high two-category diagnosis using logistic regression, with AUC of 0.928 and high performance of multicategory classification, using random forest ML, with AUC of 0.917. To evaluate the image region independence for machine learning, Jenson–Shannon (JS) divergence was used. JS distributions showed that images of normal liver were independent from each other, while the images from the two disease pathologies were not independent. To guarantee the generalizability of machine learning models, and to prevent data leakage, multiple frames of image data acquired of the same object should be tested for independence before machine learning. Such tests can be applied to real-world medical image problems to determine if images from the same subject can be used for training.
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Lebedeva, N. A., and T. A. Chernetskaya. "Using digital tasks when teaching mathematics at school." Informatics in school 1, no. 8 (2021): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32517/2221-1993-2021-20-8-37-52.
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The article discusses various types of digital math tasks to be performed on computers or tablets. The experience of creating digital tasks in mathematics with complex answers from the point of view of automatic verifcation: algebraic expressions, geometric constructions, graphs of functions, etc. is discussed. As an example of the use of digital tasks, the use of digital materials for preparing schoolchildren for the Unifed State Exam in mathematics of a profle level is considered. The article also discusses various forms of using simulators and tests in the educational process: supporting the independent activities of students in the full-time educational process, supporting online learning with a teacher in the context of the coronavirus pandemic, independent online learning without a teacher based on specially prepared and structured training courses. In the latter case, in addition to simulators, it is proposed to use other digital educational resources to increase the visibility of the educational material and organize self-control of learning outcomes: videos, slides, dynamic models, training exercises for problems with a detailed answer to the options for the USE control and measuring materials.
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Panmei, Benjamin, and Budi Waluyo. "The Pedagogical Use of Gamification in English Vocabulary Training and Learning in Higher Education." Education Sciences 13, no. 1 (2022): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci13010024.
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One of the persistent challenges in vocabulary teaching is that EFL students must learn a certain number of words to operate in English, yet class time is limited. While the usage of gamification applications may alleviate some of these issues, research on the usefulness of gamification apps and their potential to assist student vocabulary learning outside of the classroom is currently limited. This study used a quasi-experimental method to investigate the effects of gamified vocabulary learning using an application called Quizizz. It compared the learning outcomes of experimental and control groups, as well as the usefulness of gamification in boosting learner autonomy in vocabulary learning. Multiple independent t-tests revealed non-significant differences between students’ overall vocabulary test results in both groups (t (2, 98) = 1.920, p = 0.06) with a modest effect size (Cohen’s d = 0.3). Significant differences were noticed in the results of vocabulary tests 2 (t (2, 98) = 3.229, p = 0.002) and 4 (t (2, 98) = 3.465, p = 0.001), where the students in the experimental groups achieved higher scores (M = 13.63 and M = 12.60), yet no significant differences were noted in the results of vocabulary tests 1 and 2. Significant changes occurred in students’ perceptions of the application of gamification as a means for facilitating training (t (1, 49) = 2.269, p = 0.03) with a modest effect size (Cohen’s d = 0.2). Nonetheless, their perceptions of the use of gamification for enhancing learner autonomy in vocabulary learning did not significantly change before and after the interventions (t (1, 49) = 1.652, p = 1.05) with a very small effect size (Cohen’s d = 0.2). For pedagogy and research, the findings enhance our understanding that gamification apps can be integrated into vocabulary learning to facilitate vocabulary study and foster the growth of learner autonomy, yet utilizing a non-specifically built app for vocabulary learning may not produce better results than those who do not receive gamification support, even if learning outcomes remain good. More research exploring the impacts of integrating a non-specifically built app into English language teaching and learning is needed.
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Oxford, Madison A., Caroline M. McLaughlin, Christopher J. McLaughlin, T. Shane Johnson, and John M. Roberts. "Replacing the Scalpel With a Computer Mouse." Annals of Plastic Surgery 92, no. 4S (2024): S271—S274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sap.0000000000003863.
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Background Following the integration of the electronic health record (EHR) into the healthcare system, concern has grown regarding EHR use on physician well-being. For surgical residents, time spent on the EHR increases the burden of a demanding, hourly restricted schedule and detracts from time spent honing surgical skills. To better characterize these burdens, we sought to describe EHR utilization patterns for plastic surgery residents. Methods Integrated plastic surgery resident EHR utilization from March 2019 to March 2020 was extracted via Cerner Analytics at a tertiary academic medical center. Time spent in the EHR on-duty (0600–1759) and off-duty (1800–0559) in the form of chart review, orders, documentation, and patient discovery was analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed in the form of independent t tests and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results Twelve plastic surgery residents spent a daily average of 94 ± 84 minutes on the EHR, one-third of which was spent off-duty. Juniors (postgraduate years 1–3) spent 123 ± 99 minutes versus seniors (postgraduate years 4–6) who spent 61 ± 49 minutes (P < 0.01). Seniors spent 19% of time on the EHR off-duty, compared with 37% for juniors (P < 0.01). Chart review comprised the majority (42%) of EHR usage, followed by patient discovery (22%), orders (14%), documentation (12%), other (6%), and messaging (1%). Seniors spent more time on patient discovery (25% vs 21%, P < 0.001), while juniors spent more time performing chart review (48% vs 36%, P = 0.19). Conclusion Integrated plastic surgery residents average 1.5 hours on the EHR daily. Junior residents spend 1 hour more per day on the EHR, including more time off-duty and more time performing chart review. These added hours may play a role in duty hour violations and detract from obtaining operative skill sets.
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Tsimperidis, Ioannis, Vasilios Katos, and Nathan Clarke. "Language-independent gender identification through keystroke analysis." Information & Computer Security 23, no. 3 (2015): 286–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ics-05-2014-0032.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of identifying the gender of an author by measuring the keystroke duration when typing a message. Design/methodology/approach – Three classifiers were constructed and tested. The authors empirically evaluated the effectiveness of the classifiers by using empirical data. The authors used primary data as well as a publicly available dataset containing keystrokes from a different language to validate the language independence assumption. Findings – The results of this paper indicate that it is possible to identify the gender of an author by analyzing keystroke durations with a probability of success in the region of 70 per cent. Research limitations/implications – The proposed approach was validated with a limited number of participants and languages, yet the statistical tests show the significance of the results. However, this approach will be further tested with other languages. Practical implications – Having the ability to identify the gender of an author of a certain piece of text has value in digital forensics, as the proposed method will be a source of circumstantial evidence for “putting fingers on keyboard” and for arbitrating cases where the true origin of a message needs to be identified. Social implications – If the proposed method is included as part of a text-composing system (such as e-mail, and instant messaging applications), it could increase trust toward the applications that use it and may also work as a deterrent for crimes involving forgery. Originality/value – The proposed approach combines and adapts techniques from the domains of biometric authentication and data classification.
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Gołąbek, Andrzej, Wiesław Szott, Piotr Łętkowski, and Jerzy Stopa. "Similitude Analysis of Experiment and Modelling of Immiscible Displacement Effects with Scaling and Dimensional Approach." Energies 13, no. 19 (2020): 5224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13195224.
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This paper presents the use of scaling and dimensional analysis to assess the viability of conventional modelling of immiscible displacement occurring when water is injected into the oil-saturated, porous rock—a conventional secondary oil-recovery method. A brief description of the laboratory tests of oil displacement with water performed on long core sets taken from wells operating on a Polish oil reservoir was presented. A dimensionless product generator based on dimensional analysis and Buckingham Π theorem was used to generate all possible combinatorial sets of dimensionless products for physical variables describing the phenomenon. The mathematical model of the phenomenon was transformed to its dimensionless form, using a selected set of the products. The results of the laboratory tests were analyzed as functions of the products. Statistically verified quantities describing both dependent and independent experiment variables were subject to a regression analysis to study dependencies of the experimental results upon selected dimensionless products. The degrees of the dependencies were determined and compared with the model coefficients. The conclusions are drawn for the purposes of model application to correctly describe the laboratory and, consequently, field scale processes of immiscible oil displacement by water.