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Chidananda, Dr R. G. "A Brief Analysis about Anubhavamantapa & Parliament of India." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 31, 2021): 3146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37073.
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The Parliament of India is the supreme legislative authority in the country and it is bicameral. It is divided into two houses – the Rajya Sabha, which is the Council of States, and the Lok Sabha, which is the House of the People. The Lok Sabha can be dissolved. In Rajya Sabha, 238 members are elected by the State and 12 members are nominated by the President for their contribution in the fields of art, literature, science and social services. The citizens of India directly elect the 543 members exercising the universal adult franchise. All the Indian citizens, who are aged 18 years and above, irrespective of their gender, caste, religion or race, are eligible to vote to elect their representatives to the Parliament. BASAVESHVARA established ANUBHAVA MANTAPA, a seat for intellectual discourses and provided equal opportunity to learn to all persons. It was a laboratory of Basaveshvara own preaching’s. He was the protagonist of equality and therefore the Anubhava Mantapa was open to all without distinctions of old and young, rich and poor, men and women, high and low, king and servants. It is a well-known fact that for centuries before Basaveshvara’s movement and also even during his period, there had been unimaginable wastage of talent because of the caste system. Basaveshvara pleaded for suitable opportunities to be provided for all the citizens for the fullest development of their personality. Learning had been the monopoly of a few privileged people only and a large section of the society was deprived of such a facility and it led to exploitation of the under-privileged by a few privileged ones. Basaveshvara revolted against such a system and proclaimed that knowledge is not the monopoly of a few people.
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Nikitin, Dmitry S. "To the History of the Formation of the Indian Parliamentary Committee in the British House of Commons." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 462 (2021): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/462/18.
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The aim of this article is to study the history of the formation of the Indian Parliamentary Committee (IPC) in the British House of Commons in 1893. To achieve this aim, the following objectives are envisaged: determination of reasons for establishing the IPC; analysis of the activities of the Indian National Congress and British liberals; analysis of the election campaign of Dadabhai Naoroji, which enabled him to get a seat in the House of Commons in 1892. The sources of the study are the pamphlets of the Indian National Congress members, which explain the need for Indian representatives to participate in the British Parliament; records of parliamentary hearings on the Indian issue; materials of the press describing the course of the election campaign of 1892 and the tasks of the Indian Committee in Parliament. In the course of the study, the author came to the following conclusions. The moderate branch in the Indian liberation movement considered the British Rule in India to be a progressive phenomenon in the Indian life. The defects of the British administration were due to the fact that the English people and Parliament did not understand the problems that the Indian population faced under the British Rule. The Parliamentary Committee dealing exclusively with the Indian issue could contribute to solving this problem. The main conductor of this idea in India was the National Congress, which, since its inception, began work on the formation of the IPC. In the late 1880s, an Indian political agency, which intensified attempts to organize an Indian committee in Parliament, was established in London. The interests of the Indians in the House of Commons at that time were defended by the Liberal MP Charles Bradlaugh. On the basis of the proposals of the National Congress, he prepared a bill on Indian councils, which came into force in 1892. Nevertheless, the creation of the Indian Parliamentary Committee became possible only in 1893, when Dadabhai Naoroji and William Wadderburn (founders of the British Committee of the Indian National Congress) were elected to the House of Commons as Liberal MPs. In general, the creation of the IPC was a progressive step in the development of the Indian liberation movement because the IPC gave the moderate nationalists and their British liberal supporters new tools of fighting for the rights of Indian subjects of the British Empire. The appearance of supporters of Indian reforms in Parliament was the evidence of the success of the IPC’s course of expanding political agitation in England, although it did not guarantee significant achievements in solving of the Indian question.
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Das, Shreya. "House of the people: parliament and the making of Indian democracy House of the people: parliament and the making of Indian democracy , by Ronojoy Sen, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2022, xvi + 311 pp., ₹1,101 (Hardcover), ISBN: 978-1-009-18025-2." Contemporary South Asia 32, no. 1 (January 2, 2024): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09584935.2024.2307747.
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Reynolds, Nathalène. "On the Muslim Minority in India." Journal of Development Policy, Research & Practice (JoDPRP) 1, no. 1 (December 31, 2017): 34–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.59926/jodprp.vol01/03.
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Western media usually describe India as ‘the largest democracy in the world’, paying little attention to the various dark corners surrounding this rosy picture , especially if one takes into consideration the difficulties its neighbours have had in their roads to democracy. It is true that the country has historically benefitted from generally good press in the West due to concerns about the increasing assertiveness of another demographic giant – the People’s Republic of China. As the centre of global gravity moves inexorably towards Asia, Western Europe and North America, with their ageing populations, seek to keep on board allies with whom they believe they share a similar system of values. Above all, western powers have their gaze fixed on the Indian market, assuming that its annual economic growth of 7% can offer rich dividends.Prime Minister Narendra Modi has acquired almost rock star status in recent years: November 2015 saw him address crowds packed inside London’s Wembley Stadium, while in June 2016, American Congressmen and women applauded him as he made an extended comparison of the virtues of American and Indian democracy. Incidentally, he boasted that the ‘biggest democracy in the world’ guarantees equal rights to all its citizens, whatever their religious beliefs. Indeed, he declared himself in favour of stronger Indo-American linkages, especially, he added, when it came to the fight against terrorism (Kelly 2016). Some observers may recall a remark made by Modi as the Chief Minister of Gujarat in the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks during The Big Fight, a Star News Channel debate programme, on 14 September 2001. He stated that, ‘All Muslims are not terrorists, but all terrorists are Muslims’ (Engineer 2015). During political debates, especially televised ones, politicians often make use of such rhetorical devices to nurture or boost their popularity. Even limiting oneself to India itself, such a declaration was factually incorrect. According to figures for the year 2014 cited by Aakar Patel in a revealingly titled article, Most extremists in India are not Muslim – they are Hindu, published on 8 June 2015, the country had: Some 976 deaths from terrorism (or extremism, whatever name one wants to use for it) in India. Of these, the most (465) came in the North East. The second most (314) came from left-wing extremism, by a group of people called Maoists. Deaths in Jammu & Kashmir, assuming one wants to attribute the whole lot to terrorism, stood at 193. Outside of these conflict theatres, Islamist extremism claimed four lives (Patel 2015). India is home to a very significant Muslim population that is scarcely reassured by the absolute majority enjoyed by the Bharatiya Janata Party (India People’s Party, Hindu nationalist in outlook) in the Lok Sabha (House of the People, the lower house of India’sbicameral parliament). Before looking at the fragile position of the Muslim community and the campaigns it believes are conducted at its expense, the author would first like to see how India has projected its power across the New World Order that emerged after the collapse of the Soviet Union. India rightly seeks recognition as a great power, but is inclined to forget that in a sense, it remains a colossus with feet of clay – top end scientific research juxtaposed with aching poverty. It is made up of a mix of different religious communities, harmony between which has been key to the successful construction of the nation. More extreme sections of the Sangh Parivar (a group of Hindu nationalist organisations) who play up – without always sticking close to the facts – the threat of rapid population growth of the Muslim community. This seems to neglect one of the attributes that has the potential to increase India’s global influence: its 180 million Muslim inhabitants that have the potential to project India’s power in the Islamic world. This work, therefore, seeks to first of all look at India’s position internationally, and how this has enabled the most extreme Hindu nationalist components to adopt policies and political positions of concern with regard to minorities in general and Muslims in particular. Narendra Modi was formally cleared of all the various accusations made against him pertaining to his role in Gujarat in 2002. However, some schools of thought continue to cast doubt as to his innocence. Given the difficult relations between India and Pakistan in recent times, the author will abstain from any recommendations as to what the Indian government should or should not do. However, the author would encourage India’s civil society to undertake a greater role in reinforcing inter-communal harmony so necessary to the construction of a country that remains uniquely diverse in a world characterised by a worrying level of polarisation.
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Mawani, Renisa, and Iza Hussin. "The Travels of Law: Indian Ocean Itineraries." Law and History Review 32, no. 4 (September 9, 2014): 733–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248014000467.
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I believe that no country ever stood so much in need of a code of laws as India; and I believe also that there never was a country in which the want might so easily be supplied. I said that there were many points of analogy between the state of that country after the fall of the Mogul power, and the state of Europe after the fall of the Roman empire. In one respect the analogy is very striking.As there were in Europe then, so there are in India now, several systems of law widely differing from each other, but coexisting and coequal. The indigenous population has its own laws. Each of the successive races of conquerors has brought with it its own peculiar jurisprudence: the Mussulman his Koran and the innumerable commentators on the Koran; the Englishman his Statute Book and his Term Reports. As there were established in Italy, at one and the same time, the Roman Law, the Lombard law, the Ripuarian law, the Bavarian law, and the Salic law, so we have now in our Eastern empire Hindoo law, Mahometan law, Parsee law, English law, perpetually mingling with each other and disturbing each other, varying with the person, varying with the place.–Thomas Babington MacaulayOn July 10 1833, in his lengthy and famous speech on the “Government of India” delivered to the House of Commons, Thomas Babington Macaulay offered a brief but fascinating spatial-temporal assessment of the exigencies confronting British legal reform in India. As his above-cited remarks suggest, Macaulay was well acquainted with the subcontinent's rich landscape of multiple legalities and was particularly attuned to the challenges this legal plurality posed to British rule. At the same time, his observations serve as an astute testament to law's travels. Macaulay's speech addressed a range of politically charged issues, including allegations of scandal and corruption surrounding the East India Company's administration. By the end, however, he turned from justifying and defending Company pursuits to persuading an attentive Parliament about the necessity and merits of legal codification. Given Macaulay's unwavering belief in the superiority of Britain (and Europe)—most clearly articulated in his developmentalist analogy between “Europe then” and “India now”—the most plausible itinerary of law's movements was a unidirectional one: law originated in metropolitan London and moved outward to India and elsewhere. However, in advancing his case for codification, Macaulay inadvertently exposed many other laws and their respective circuits of travel. India was difficult to govern precisely because it was a terrain of legal mobility; the residues of other people, places, and times produced a polyglot existence of “Hindoo law, Mahometan law, Parsee law, English law, perpetually mingling with each other and disturbing each other.” What India needed most, Macaulay urged, was a systematized, standardized, and codified rule of law that was to be introduced and imposed by the British: “A code is almost the only blessing, perhaps it is the only blessing, which absolute governments are better fitted to confer on a nation than popular governments.”
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Larson, Anna. "House of the people? Afghanistan’s parliament in 2015." Conflict, Security & Development 16, no. 6 (November 2016): 595–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14678802.2016.1248408.
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Baldry, Tony. "Parliament and the Church." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 17, no. 02 (April 10, 2015): 202–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x15000071.
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The House of Commons starts each day with Prayers given by the Speaker's Chaplain, beginning with Psalm 67:God be Merciful unto us and Bless us; and cause his face to shine upon us. That thy way may be known up on earth, thy saving health among all nations. Let the people praise thee, O God; let all the people praise thee.
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Chawla, Chahat. "Legislation Update: India." Asian International Arbitration Journal 14, Issue 2 (December 1, 2018): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/aiaj2018012.
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On 10 August 2018, the Lok Sabha (Lower House of the India’s bicameral Parliament) passed the Arbitration and Conciliation (Amendment Bill), 2018 (‘2018 Amendment Bill’), to further amend the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (‘1996 Act’). In a short span of three years, the Indian Parliament has sought to overhaul India’s principal arbitration legislation for the second time, after the initial reforms introduced by the Arbitration and Conciliation (Amendment) Act, 2015 (‘2015 Amendment Act’). The 2018 Amendment Bill has been described as ‘a momentous and important legislation’ by the Indian Minister of Law and Justice, which is aimed at making India a ‘hub of domestic and international arbitration’. Other than the introduction of the 2018 Amendment Bill, the Indian Government, this year, also introduced the New Delhi International Arbitration Center Bill, 2018 (‘NDIAC Bill 2018’) in the Lok Sabha. The primary objective of the NDIAC Bill is to establish a ‘flagship arbitral institution’ to enable the growth of institutional arbitration in India. This Note undertakes a review of the key features of the 2018 Amendment Bill and the NDIAC Bill 2018 and how the proposed legislative measures impact the existing arbitral regime in India.
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Bowen, Huw V. "The ‘Little Parliament’: The General Court of the East India Company, 1750–1784." Historical Journal 34, no. 4 (December 1991): 857–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00017325.
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The historical verdict on the General Court of the East India Company has often been an unfavourable one. The Court, the ultimate sovereign body within the company, has invariably been described in terms similar to those which used to be applied to the eighteenth-century house of commons: it has been seen as a corrupt, disorderly, and disreputable political institution. Macaulay set the general tone in 1840 when he painted a typically vivid picture of proceedings at the General Court in the mid-eighteenth century. ‘The meetings’, he wrote, ‘were large, stormy, even riotous, the debates indecently virulent. All the turbulence of a Westminster election, all the trickery and corruption of a Grampound election, disgraced the proceedings of this assembly on questions of the most solemn importance’. This unflattering and somewhat impressionistic sketch has occasionally received uncritical acceptance from modern-day historians, and indeed it may be endorsed by contemporary observations of particular events at the Court. In 1767, for example, a first-time visitor to the Court room at India House in Leadenhall Street was appalled by what he saw, and he came away with the impression that this was ‘the most riotous assembly I ever saw’. And yet, on numerous other occasions commentators were full of praise for the good order and high standards of oratory at the Court. This has prompted two of the leading modern authorities on the history of the company in Britain to comment favourably on the quality of debate at India House during the eighteenth and early-nineteenth century.
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Subroto, Wandi. "RECONSTRUCTION REGULATION OF AUTHORITY OF LEGISLATIVE MEMBER IN PREVENTING CRIMINAL CRIMINAL ACCOUNT BASED ON JUSTICE VALUES." Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum 4, no. 3 (December 15, 2017): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/jph.v4i3.2330.
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The House of Representatives is a central legislative body that represents the people in parliament. The authority of each legislative member and as an institution has been regulated by legislation. The authority of the House of Representatives as an institution is huge, and the great power tends to be misused, such as committing a criminal act of corruption. Corruption is a crime that is very detrimental to the state's finances and hinders the government to prosper its people, then a justice-based arrangement is needed to prevent corruption within The House of Repre-sentatives as a legislative body.
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Akram, Sidra, and Dr Mian Muhammad Azhar. "Legislations in Parliament of Canada and Pakistan: A Comparative Study of House of Commons and National Assembly." Journal of Law & Social Studies 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.52279/jlss.02.02.5865.
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Parliament is an exclusive and unique representative institution and performs key functions such as law-making, representation of constituents, amending laws, highlighting and aspirations their issues and through resolutions prescribe solutions to such key challenges faced by the polity. Parliament established on the behalf of people to represent their voice and provide them opportunities for more participatory and open governance. This research focused upon the performance of both lower Houses of Canada and Pakistan in 21st Century. The performance of the parliamentarian will also examine in this study. This comparative study will extend the boundaries of comparative politics and system analysis theory. This research discussed the role of parliament and basically the legislation process in parliament. Legislation in parliaments of new democracies and comparative study is useful research topic in Political Science and will provide a guideline to parliamentarians to work better.
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Singh, Suman. "The Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Bill, 2016: A Critical Analysis." Space and Culture, India 4, no. 2 (November 16, 2016): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v4i2.210.
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On 11 August 2016, amending the Maternity Benefit Act, 1961, the new bill, The Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Bill, 2016 was introduced and passed in the Rajya Sabha (or Council of States), the upper house of the Parliament of India. Central aim of this article is to critically review the amendments to the bill regarding geographies of maternity leave and its associated facilities.
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Hidayaturrahman, Mohammad, Edy Purwanto, Astriana Sinaga, Ahmad Ubaid, Widya Wardhani, and Anak Sugiantiningsih. "Public expectations towards the roles of the Indonesian house of representatives." Jurnal Studi Komunikasi (Indonesian Journal of Communications Studies) 8, no. 1 (March 29, 2024): 183–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.25139/jsk.v8i1.7432.
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Abstract The People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia (DPR RI) plays an important role in a democratic country, functioning as a means of control for the government in office. With its authority to make laws, set budgets, and supervise government administration, the People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia has a strong position. This research was conducted to understand and analyse the public's perception of the DPR RI in its role. This research uses quantitative descriptive methods. Data was collected using questionnaires from respondents in 26 provinces, consisting of 71 cities and regencies in Indonesia from 2019 to 2022. This study discovered that most Indonesian people see a role for the People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia and that they hope that the DPR will continue to work to create legislation and oversee the government. The existence of the People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia is still of interest to the citizens of the Republic of Indonesia. So far, the ministry has only used mass media as a means of communication and political information. In the future, the parliament needs to use social media, as well as institutional websites, including video conferences and live streaming as a means of political communication in the era of digital democracy. To establish the groundwork, communication will not only be one-way but also two-way between parliament and the public, as well as between the public and parliament.
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YOUNG, MICHAEL B. "CHARLES I, CLEMENT COKE, AND SEDITION." Historical Journal 59, no. 3 (December 28, 2015): 669–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x15000308.
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ABSTRACTClement Coke was a minor figure of the early Stuart period, especially in comparison to his brilliant and prominent father, Sir Edward Coke. People seem to have taken note of ‘Fighting Clem’ only when he engaged in a duel or punched another member of parliament. In the parliament of 1626, however, he briefly gained notoriety when he faced an unusually formidable adversary, Charles I, who accused him of making a seditious speech. A close analysis of this episode reveals much about the broad concept of sedition and the unstable atmosphere in the House of Commons. Coke's case also had repercussions later in this parliament and perhaps even in the next parliament where his father championed the Petition of Right. Yet the most interesting aspect of Coke's case is what it reveals about the mindset of the king. In contrast to the stereotypical view of Charles as prickly and paranoid, he appears here to have been both perceptive and prescient. Thus, this article, like work by the late Mark Kishlansky, concludes that we should take Charles I's view of the political landscape more seriously.
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Lindquist, Eric N. "The King, the People and the House of Commons: The Problem of Early Jacobean Purveyance." Historical Journal 31, no. 3 (September 1988): 549–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x00023487.
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For a brief time at the beginning of James I's reign purveyance appeared as the greatest grievance of the commonwealth, troubling the first two sessions of his first parliament. So much has long been known, but only recently has it been revealed how far the commons thought of going. The bills read in the house in 1604 and 1606, almost certainly identical or nearly so, did not look merely to remedy the abuses of purveyors, but to abolish purveyance itself – the king's right to be served provisions and carriage at prices below those current in the markets – which the house discovered was explicitly prohibited by numerous medieval statutes. The commons' refusal in the two sessions to buy the king out of his prerogative with a ‘composition’ was not then irresponsible, as one historian has suggested. The house could not readily agree to purchase what it had learned the king had no right to sell. The radical challenge to the king's prerogative embodied in the commons' bill, Dr Croft has recently argued, doomed the composition proposed by James's ministers. Instead, the house pursued its claims with ‘remarkable tenacity’, especially in 1606, when it passed the bill twice.
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Firdaus, Sunny Ummul. "Relevansi Parliamentary Threshold terhadap Pelaksanaan Pemilu yang Demokratis." Jurnal Konstitusi 8, no. 2 (May 20, 2016): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31078/jk825.
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General Election as a means to realize the ideal of democracy does not merely aim to determine who will get the position in the parliament but it also should represent the sovereignty of the people. In the 2009 General Election, however, parliamentary threshold was prevailed and implemented. This regulation is included on Article 202 The General Election Act number 10/2008 which stated that political party of General Election participant must fulfil at least an amount of 2.5% of total valid national vote to be included in the representation determination of the House of Representative.A number of Indonesian peoples objected the rule. This is because parliamentary threshold deemed to be potentially demolished the political right of the people. Besides, the implementation of parliamentary threshold in bottom level considered to have some potential horizontal conflict because, for example, if someone voted as a selected candidate but they do not fulfil the parliamentary threshold, this particular candidate cannot obtain a seat in the parliament. This can be seen in the petition of judicial review to the Constitution Court regarding this parliamentary threshold regulation.It can be concluded that the relevance of parliamentary threshold to democratic General Election execution can not be separated from the mechanism and reasons in determining the the amount of threshold numbers in said rule. Requirement for determining the threshold is not merely based on a reason to strengthen presidential system chosen by the Indonesian people. In this case, the people’s voice should not be represented merely by the parliamentary number having position in the House of Representative. If this happens, then there will be some concerns of the emergence of political interest to strengthen the position of a particular political party in the parliament.
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Kro, Mangal Sing. "A BRIEF POLITICO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF INDIA SINCE 2014." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 9, no. 8 (August 31, 2021): 226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v9.i8.2021.4179.
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The public representatives have often spoken on the change as well as about New India. What is New India? The answer to this question will depend on the result or the outcome of their actions. The ruling government has been changing and modifying some existing laws and regulations through the parliament imbibing their ideologies. The government which was influenced by neo-liberalists has already privatized some public running enterprises. Many people criticize this ruling government and have called it the less liberal and less democratic style of governance. The questions of freedom associated with religion, expression etc. are often raised by the people during this government.
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Kumar, Manoj, and Ronita Sharma. "Legislating Right, Contemplating Duty: Parliamentary Debate on RTE Second Amendment Bill." Journal of Human Values 27, no. 3 (September 2021): 204–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09716858211025329.
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The study is an attempt to understand the prevailing discourse in India on education as a right by closely reading the parliamentary debates on The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (Second Amendment) Bill, 2017. Prior to the passing of the above-mentioned amendment bill The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 had debarred schools from detaining or expelling a child till the completion of her elementary education. This provision was amended by the Indian Parliament by passing the bill. When the bill was moved in the Indian parliament it generated debate on the various aspects of education and schooling. The study critically analyses the texts of two proceedings of the parliamentary debate: one from the lower house (Lok Sabha) and the other from the upper house (Rajya Sabha). The study concludes that the deliberation on the bill turned the right-based approach on elementary education almost upside down. The 86th amendment in the Indian constitution and subsequent enactment of the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 had recognized children in the age group of 6–14 years as ‘right holders’ while the Indian state had been identified as the ‘duty bearer’. The discourse emerged in the Indian Parliament during the debate on the Amendment Bill, 2017 constituted Indian children of school-going age, their parents and teachers as groups accountable to the state for achieving the goals for universal elementary education, while the Indian state was constituted as an entity with the right to demand compliances from children, parents and teachers.
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Kolsky, Elizabeth. "Codification and the Rule of Colonial Difference: Criminal Procedure in British India." Law and History Review 23, no. 3 (2005): 631–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248000000596.
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On July 10, 1833, an aspiring young English lawyer named Thomas Babington Macaulay stood before the Parliament and presented an impassioned argument about the future role of British governance in India. Whereas in Europe, as Macaulay saw it, “The people are everywhere perfectly competent to hold some share, not in every country an equal share, but some share of political power,” in India, Macaulay asserted, “you cannot have representative institutions.” Thus the role of the British colonizers was “to give good government to a people to whom we cannot give a free government.” At the core of Macaulay's good but not free government stood what he saw as one of England's greatest gifts to the people of India: a rule of law.
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Nayeem, Nadira, and Javeed Ahmad Bhat. "Representation of Women in Indian Politics." Journal of Psychology and Political Science, no. 21 (January 11, 2022): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/jpps.21.19.25.
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Women political participation has been the highly contested issue since a long time. Women in the Indian Political System time and again have been underrepresented, although having a strong and enigmatic role in historical India. Very less has changed since independence concerning the representation of women in Indian political system. Indian political system has always been an affair of men and always favored men over women. The purpose of this study is to highlight the role women play in Indian political arena. Further it will talk about the women underrepresentation in Indian Parliament and what percentage they constitute in the lower house.
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Huzzey, Richard, and Henry Miller. "Petitions, Parliament and Political Culture: Petitioning the House of Commons, 1780–1918*." Past & Present 248, no. 1 (April 13, 2020): 123–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pastj/gtz061.
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Abstract This article analyses nearly one million petitions received by the House of Commons to reveal a culture of petitioning that recast the political culture of modern Britain and Ireland. It argues, first, that petitions provided a much more regular and continuous form of interaction between people and Parliament than elections. Second, petitioning–meaning the practices associated with the drafting, signing and presentation of petitions–enabled a vibrant, performative public politics. Third, petitions and petitioning were relatively open, inclusive forms of political participation since all British subjects enjoyed the formal right to petition. We examine the role of formidable campaigns of mass mobilisation, but also humble appeals of marginalised individuals. Our data has significant implications for our understanding of the nationalisation, organisation, and popularisation of politics in this period. We argue that attention to petitions helps us to decentre parliamentary elections as the principal connection between local and national politics. Indeed, petitioners responded to the shifting boundaries between the central and devolved state in deciding to which authorities they would direct petitions. Petitioning campaigns pioneered the mass, organised, national movements that would gradually emerge as the hallmark of stronger political parties. This did not undermine petitioning. However, the consequent growth of disciplined parties strengthened executive power, at the expense of parliamentary government, redirected petitions from the Commons. Furthermore, the continuing expansion of petitioning alongside extensions of the franchise suggests that petitions did not function as an ersatz ballot. Rather, petitions and debates between parliamentarians and petitioners over the meaning of growing lists of signatories suggest that petitioning catalysed a range of other forms of participation and hence forged an ever more popular politics.
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Ostojski, Jennifer. "The House of European History: Pöttering’s Elite-Level Impact in shaping European Identity." Politologija 112, no. 4 (December 28, 2023): 75–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/polit.2023.112.3.
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The House of European History in Brussels, Belgium, is a pan-European identity-making institution, created by the European Union. It has sparked an array of scholarship that speaks to the power of the museum, its ability to create a master narrative for the European people, and the varying omissions and choices made in telling Europe’s history. While European Parliament President Hans-Gert Pöttering receives credit for originating the museum, little scholarship speaks to his ideas regarding European Union integration, community, and its identity – even though, elite leader ideas are recognized in nationalism studies as instrumental in the making of an identity. This article fills this gap and shows how Pöttering’s ideas influenced the broad and generalized narrative the House of European History espouses today.
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Diwakar, Rekha. "The workings of the single member plurality electoral system in India and the need for reform." Asian Journal of Comparative Politics 4, no. 2 (April 19, 2018): 141–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2057891118769166.
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India uses the single member plurality system (SMPS) to elect members of the lower house of its national (federal) parliament and the state assemblies. The electoral system has remained stable despite its inherent disproportionality, India’s highly heterogeneous population and, more recently, a fragmented party system. Using a comprehensive data set covering all national and some state assembly elections during the period 1952–2017, this article evaluates how SMPS has performed in India in comparison to its expected benefits, and whether there is a case for reform of the electoral system. The article finds that SMPS neither provides effective representation nor is likely to lead to stable single party governments in India – a situation that could be termed ‘the worst of both worlds’. It also highlights that a combination of rational-choice behaviour on the part of key actors as well as historical and institutional reasons has ensured the continuation of SMPS in India. The article concludes that it is time for India to seriously consider reforming its electoral system.
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Lufi, Simon, and Marsel Nilaj. "The Kosovo War In The British Parliament Talks In 1999." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 17 (June 29, 2016): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n17p24.
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The Kosovo War in the 1990s was one among a series of wars in the former Yugoslav federation. It was the final war that ended the dissolution which had started with Slovenia from1990 to 1991, Croatia and Bosnia - Herzegovina from 1992 to 1995 and the Kosovo War from 1998 to 1999. However, the Kosovo war happened during a different situation and period. It was at a time and in a position to cause the domino effect in the Balkans and an outbreak of wars in a large part of the Balkans. This fight could include Albania and Macedonia as nations with an ethnic Albanian population. It could also have a religious or cultural impact that threatened to involve other states such as Bosnia and Turkey on the one hand and Greece on the other. The interest of major countries in Europe, as well as the world, was focused on this war. A country among them was the UK. As one of the founding states of the European Union, United Nations, and NATO, the UK was quite involved in this war. The UK and the US were two countries that became the political and military leadership in this struggle since its beginning, while reaching a peak in 1999. This situation involved talks in the British Parliament in the UK, especially the House of Lords where the decision-making aspect of parliamentary politics is achieved. The war was also a major concern for the parliament. On the one hand, it was important to resolve the situation in Kosovo without worsening it with other massacres. On the other hand, this situation required caution in dealing with the Serbian people. The destiny of Kosovo refugees was important to them. However, the future of the Serbian people in Kosovo had to be guaranteed. The most important thing was to obtain full autonomy for Kosovo, but also to achieve a bilateral cooperation from both countries. The House of Lords and the interest of some lords in this war made the British policy, as a whole, a lot more responsible for accomplishing what it had started since diplomacy regarding weapons and the military intervention used to manage the situation of refugees in Kosovo had a huge impact in Europe. The British parliamentary sessions were very crucial in leading to an international level this whole historical phase for Kosovo.
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Greer, Alan. "Sir James Craig and the constrution of Parliament Buildings at Stormont." Irish Historical Studies 31, no. 123 (May 1999): 373–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400014218.
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Architecture has its political uses: public buildings being the ornament of a country; it establishes a nation, draws people and commerce, makes the people love their native country, which passion is the original of all great actions in a Commonwealth.Sir Christopher WrenWhen the prince of Wales formally opened the new Northern Ireland Parliament Buildings at Stormont on 16 November 1932, it brought to an end over ten years of controversy, delay, confusion, and wrangling over both finance and design. Although approval to build a new parliament house and administrative offices was given in the autumn of 1922, and preliminary work began on the site in 1923, the above-ground foundation stone was not laid until 1928, and the departmental offices were not occupied until April 1931. There is an extensive literature which stresses the political significance of the architecture of civic and public buildings such as parliament houses, law-courts, government offices and even theatres. Other writers have noted the linkages between architecture, empire, nationalism and state formation. Thomas Metcalf commented that distinctive architectural forms ‘sought to manifest the ideals of imperialism’ and were designed to enhance ‘the hold of Empire over ruler and ruled alike’. For architects such as Herbert Baker, classical design, with its monumentality and ideals of law, order and government, was the only architectural form appropriate for the representation of empire. This was an architecture which gave a ‘visible shape to the new imperialism of the turn of the twentieth century’.
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Guo, James Jiayu. "House Rent Prediction Method Based on Decision Tree: Take India as an Example." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 21 (December 12, 2023): 666–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hbem.v21i.14722.
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In this essay, this paper use decision trees to predict house rent and compare it to other linear regressions to find out why decision trees are a good fit for house rent and use house rent data 2023. This paper used the data set from Kaggle which has many factors and is up-to-date for my project, employing some visualization methods on Python to show these factors and their graphs so we can understand some important circumstances about house rent in India. This paper employed three different methods of training models to train them to predict their rent. In the last section, this paper use R2_score, RMSE, MAE and MSE to compare their conclusions. Thus, this paper show why decision trees are the best model for predicting house rent. After all process, this paper proposes that data rent price prediction is very important, because many people don’t have a good obedience on other things like other people’s advice or other black heart house property agents.
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Simatupang, Vemansyah, and Bariyima Sylvester Kokpan. "Assessing Constitutional Frameworks for Closed Proportional Representation in House of Representatives Elections." Jurnal Mengkaji Indonesia 2, no. 2 (November 17, 2023): 341–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.59066/jmi.v2i2.475.
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Abstract: The electoral system in Indonesia has implemented two politically different systems, one of which is the proportional system. This proportional system is also divided into proportional with an open list and proportional with a closed list. The basic idea of a proportional system is that the composition of seats obtained by a political party in an electoral area will be in balance with the proportion of votes received by the political party concerned in the election. Even in this system, only a few votes are wasted. According to the provisions of Article 168 paragraph (2) of Law No. 7/2017, the electoral system for DPR members is open proportional with a majority vote. This system has a good level of representation because the people are free to determine their representatives who will sit in Parliament directly and can continue to supervise those they choose. Purpose: This research aims to analyze the application of a closed proportional system in the DPR election from the perspective of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia; arrangements regarding the principles of elections in the constitution are regulated in Article 22E of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Design/Methodology/Approach: The type of research used in this research is normative legal research, using statute and conceptual approaches. Findings: The results of this research indicate that the application of a closed proportional system is not following the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia because it will close space for the people to make their own choices directly because in a closed proportional system the determination of who are the candidates for members of the DPR who will sit in parliament is absolute political party wishes. Originality/Value: Debates about the constitutionality of open proportional and closed proportional systems always fill public spaces, especially before the election. Due to this issue, a fundamental question arises about whether the closed proportional system in the election of DPR members follows the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. This issue is the reason for research regarding the general election system for DPR members following the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.
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de Campos, Luis M., Juan M. Fernández-Luna, and Juan F. Huete. "Profile-based recommendation: A case study in a parliamentary context." Journal of Information Science 43, no. 5 (August 1, 2016): 665–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165551516659402.
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In the context of e-government and more specifically that of parliament, this paper tackles the problem of finding Members of Parliament (MPs) according to their profiles which have been built from their speeches in plenary or committee sessions. The paper presents a common solution for two problems: firstly, a member of the public who is concerned about a certain issue might want to know who the best MP is for dealing with their problem (recommending task); and secondly, each new piece of textual information that reaches the house must be correctly allocated to the appropriate MP according to its content (filtering task). This paper explores both these ways of searching for relevant people conceptually by encapsulating them into a single problem: that of searching for the relevant MP’s profile given an information need. Our research work proposes various profile construction methods (by selecting and weighting appropriate terms) and compares these using different retrieval models to evaluate their quality and suitability for different types of information needs in order to simulate real and common situations.
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Baruah, Aparajita. "The Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act, 2013: A Review." Space and Culture, India 1, no. 3 (March 1, 2014): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v1i3.41.
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Manual scavenging is a caste-based and hereditary occupation for Dalits (untouchables), which is predominantly linked with forced labour or slavery. In this article, an attempt has been made to trace out the brief history of the practice of manual scavenging in India. The author has also dwelt upon the constitutional commitment as well as measures taken up by the successive governments to improve the conditions of this class of people. The hallmark of the article lies in the detailed analysis along with some suitable suggestions on the Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scav-engers and their Rehabilitation Act, 2013 recently enacted by the Parliament of India.
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Jairaj, Sangeetha, Ramesh Palabindela, and Sridhar D. "A community based cross sectional study on morbidities and social problems among geriatric population." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 8 (July 26, 2019): 3554. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20193487.
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Background: In India, in the last one and half decades longevity of the people has increased due to decline in mortality rate, better medical and health care facilities and improvements in overall quality of life of people. Presently India has the second largest geriatric population in the globe. In 2001, geriatric population was 77 million in India and it is estimated that in India total number of elderly will rise to 150 million by 2025 and by the year 2050 the number would rise to about 324 million.4 Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in an urban slum located in Secunderabad. Almost 225 subjects more than 60 years were included in study after giving oral consent. People with severe morbidity and unable to give consent were excluded from study.Results: Majority (70%) of the resident experienced verbal abuse followed by physical abuse (13%) at least one time. About 11% felt they were being neglected by their family members. Daughter-in-law was the major person involved in the elder abuse accounting for 45.9%, followed by son 24.3%. Abuse from relatives accounted for 21.6%. Spouse and daughter were involved in elder abuse in about 5.4% and 2.7% cases respectively.Conclusions: As recently said by Financial Minister in Parliament of India, old age population growing drastically in India, especially in south India. Increasing geriatric population leading to increase in need of health care and psychological assistance.
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Kerai, Rautu, Dr Snigdharani Panda, and Dr Binita Nanda. "Cognizance of Tribal People Through MGNREGA with Reference to West Singhbhum District of Jharkhand." International Journal of Research and Review 9, no. 10 (October 17, 2022): 290–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20221034.
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The Government of India has launched a new scheme for wage employment which is named as National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA). The law was passed on August 25, 2005, and it came to effect on 2nd of February 2006. It is not merely a scheme but as an Act passed by the parliament for the eradication of poverty in rural areas through generating employment opportunities. Mahatma Gandhi Nation Rural Employment Guarantee (MGNREGA) Act is the flagship programme in which every fiscal year, unskilled manual workers are provided 100 days of guaranteed wage employment. This programme was implemented by the Government of India with the prime objective of providing livelihood security in rural areas and creating of durable assets. The present study aims at focussing in West Singhbhum district of Jharkhand. The study focused on the awareness of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) and the work activities provided to the beneficiaries. The data has been analysed and it has been found that, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the fundamental principles of the scheme. Keywords: Employment, Tribal, Programme, Government of India, MGNREGA
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Mason, Nicholas. "“THE SOVEREIGN PEOPLE ARE IN A BEASTLY STATE”: THE BEER ACT OF 1830 AND VICTORIAN DISCOURSE ON WORKING-CLASS DRUNKENNESS." Victorian Literature and Culture 29, no. 1 (March 2001): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150301291074.
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ION JULY 23, 1830, Parliament passed “An Act to permit the general Sale of Beer and Cyder by Retail in England.” Commonly known as the Beer Act of 1830, this law called for a major overhaul of the way beer was taxed and distributed in England and Wales. In place of a sixteenth-century statute that had given local magistrates complete control over the licensing of brewers and publicans, the Beer Act stipulated that a new type of drinking establishment, the beer shop, or beer house, could now be opened by any rate-paying householder in England or Wales (Scotland and Ireland had their own drink laws). For the modest annual licensing fee of two guineas, rate-payers in England could now purchase a license to brew and vend from their own residence.1
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Netam, Nisha, Shubhashis Sanyal, and Shubhankar Bhowmick. "A PMV-PPD model based study of thermal comfort in Low-Income Group house in Chhattisgarh." MATEC Web of Conferences 172 (2018): 06006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817206006.
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People tend to maintain symmetry between comfort and economy while choosing essential commodities needed in their life. Families buy a house which may offer comfort condition, but at minimum in term expenses of energy throughout a life. Thus, it is most important to erect a house to provide comfortable condition and moderate the lifetime expenditure by saving energy consumption. Sensation of thermal comfort varies from people to people, even in an identical environment. To minimize the consumption of energy of building, cost of consumed energy and to provide a comfortable house, thermal comfort analysis in indoor environments have attracted many researchers. Fanger’s Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) - Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied (PPD) model is widely accepted theory for assessment of building indoor thermal conditions. In the present work, thermal comfort of an LIG house in Chhattisgarh region of India has been analyzed based on PMV-PPD method for months representing three different seasons in a year i.e. May, September and December representing summer, post monsoon and winter respectively. Cooling, heating and actual energy load of LIG house has been calculated and reported for the above mentioned months. From analysis it is concluded that inhabitants are comfortable only during the winter.
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Agrawal, Nipun, Priyanka Kumar, Atul K. Singh, and Shyam B. Gupta. "Hypertension prevalence and associated risk factors in elderly people of Northern India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 8 (July 24, 2020): 3002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20203068.
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Background: Of the estimated 57 million global deaths in 2008, 36 million (63%) were due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In terms of attributable deaths, the leading behavioural and physiological risk factors globally are raised blood pressure (to which 13% of global deaths are attributed), followed by tobacco use (9%), raised blood glucose (6%), physical inactivity (6%) and being overweight or obese (5%). With this background the current study was planned to compare the prevalence and modifiable risk factors of hypertension amongst the rural and urban geriatric population.Methods: The present cross-sectional study included 535 persons aged 60 years or more, belonging to the families residing in the field practice areas of Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly. House to house visits were made for face-to-face interview.Results: The mean age of elderly was 66.76±5.92 years. The proportion of elderly who were apparently healthy was 10.1%. The most frequent morbidity found was hypertension (40%) followed in order by obesity (30.67%), arthritis (26.86%), diabetes (25.72%), gastroesophageal reflux disease (19.43%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (14.1%) and irritable bowel syndrome (3.62%). Hypertension was found to be positively associated with increasing age, not being with the spouse (separated, not married or widowed), being businessman, daily consumption of oil and salt, duration of use of tobacco, better socio-economic status, sedentary occupational physical activity and not getting support from the family.Conclusions: Prevalence of hypertension is higher in urban area. Hypertension is associated with age, marital separation, fat and salt consumption, tobacco and sedentary occupation.
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Darmono, Budi. "REFORMASI HUKUM TATA NEGARA INDONESIA: PERUBAHAN KEKUASAAN EKSEKUTIF, LEGISLATIF DAN YUDIKATIF BERDASARKAN AMANDEMEN UNDANG-UNDANG DASAR 1945." Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan 37, no. 4 (December 21, 2007): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol37.no4.155.
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AbstrakThis article does scrutiny on the latest progress at post amendment ofConstitution of Republic Indonesia. Commonly, implication of theamendment does reflecting significant change through executive, legislativeand judicative powers. Here elaborated many significant changes such as themore constricted power of People Consultative Assembly (MPR), Presidentand wider power of House of People Representative (DPR). MPR has nomore power to constitute the president, because the president currentlyelected by direct elections and have no responsibility to MPR but still havepower to impeach the president by Mahkamah Konstitusi recommendations.The another new is on the forming of Dewan Perwakilan Daerah, thenreflected tricameral of Indonesian Parliament structure (MPR, DPR, DPD)In judicative power has settled the Court of Constitution (MahkamahKonstitusi) that hold judicial review power against constitution violence bylaw regulation. More issues on judicative power also can be seen on manyspecial tribunal settled such as human rights, corruption, after has beeninitiated in 1999 by commercial court.
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Loft, Philip. "Involving the Public: Parliament, Petitioning, and the Language of Interest, 1688–1720." Journal of British Studies 55, no. 1 (January 2016): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2015.176.
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AbstractThis article examines the nature of petitioning to the Westminster Parliament from the beginnings of the “rage of party” to the establishment of the whig oligarchy. It uses the largely unused archive of the House of Lords, which survived the parliamentary fire in 1834, to provide systematic evidence of public subscription to petitions produced in response to legislation. A total of 330 “large responsive petitions,” signed by fifty-six thousand people, were presented to the Lords between 1688 and 1720. This enabled a wide range of social and geographical groups to lobby Parliament. Parliamentarians actively sought to direct the public into voicing opinion through petitioning on matters of policy. The intervention of the language of “interest” from the mid-seventeenth century helped to legitimize and control public involvement in politics in the eyes of elites, and offered an alternative to political mobilization based on party allegiances and conceptions of society organized by ranks or sorts. The participation of the public through a regulated process of petitioning ensured that the whig oligarchy was porous and open to negotiation, despite the passage of the Septennial Act and declining party and electoral strife after 1716.
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Lahiri, Nayanjot. "Archaeology and identity in colonial India." Antiquity 74, no. 285 (September 2000): 687–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00060075.
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‘How is it that your countrymen steal our gods?’ asked a Brahmin of the Baptist missionary, John Chamberlain who noted the details of this conversation in his diary on 20 November 1817 (Davis 1997: 164):‘Sir, a gentleman whose name I do not remember, came to me to let him take the image of Lukshinee away, which stood on the point where the river and rivulet meet; and he said he would give me a sum of money if I could consent to it. I told him that I could not take any money for it; that she was worshipped by all the people around, and that several times a year the people assembled from the country at a distance to see the goddess, and to bathe: at which time much was offered to her’. The gentleman persisted. He returned four or five times, offered ample remuneration and even took the brahmin by boat to see the assemblage of gods in his Calcutta house, but still the brahmin refused to sell. Finally, the gentleman ‘got his people together, and took away the goddess by night. There the tree stands, Sir, but the goddess is gone!’
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Kelana Damanik, Haris, Kusbianto Kusbianto, and Ariman Sitompul. "Right Of Immunity Of Members Of The House Of Representatives (Case Study Of Immunity Rights Of Langkat Regency DPRD Members)." International Asia Of Law and Money Laundering (IAML) 2, no. 2 (June 28, 2023): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.59712/iaml.v2i2.63.
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Paradiqma democracy demands that every form of legislation and various decisions get the approval of the people's representatives and as much as possible attention to the interests of the people. Although the authority to form a law is in the hands of the DPR together with the president and does not involve the sovereign holder, namely the people in the process of its formation, but currently the role of the people in influencing a policy to produce a law and to assess the implementation of a law cannot be underestimated. The research aims to provide immunity rights for members of Parliament/DPRD as public officials in terms of carrying out their duties and authorities. The research method used in this research is normative juridical law research by using the approach of legislation and doctrine applied to a legal problem and is prescriptive that is expected to be applied in society. The results of the study concluded that members of the DPR / DPRD in performing their duties and authorities need to be protected properly and honorably in accordance with the level of Honor as elected representatives of the people and each member of the DPR must also reflect the personal and behavior of the honorable and leading in law enforcement.
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Al Hanada, Ghadeer Zeyad. "‘The People Were Toppled by the Fire from All Sides’: An Analysis of the Metaphorical Use of Fire in Jordanian Political Speeches." English Linguistics Research 12, no. 1 (April 27, 2023): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/elr.v12n1p31.
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This paper examines the metaphorical use of fire in political speeches in the Jordanian House of Representatives. The analysis is based on political speeches made on different occasions in Parliament between 2015 and 2022. This study uses a corpus-based approach to analyse fire metaphors. The findings indicate that fire is used in political speeches to perform a number of metaphorical purposes, both positive and negative. The positive use of fire includes using it as a metaphor relating to hope and optimism for a better future as well as using it to praise courageous deeds and efforts of others. The negative use of fire includes using it to indicate danger, the speed at which unwanted things spread, pain and suffering and the urgency to take action to stop danger.
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Bartłomiej, Kulas. "Geopolitical aspect of reforming the polish senate." BULLETIN of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. CHEMISTRY. GEOGRAPHY. ECOLOGY Series 141, no. 4 (2022): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-6771-2022-141-4-66-77-85.
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The Senate is the upper house of the Polish parliament, which has relatively small powers in comparison with the lower house - the Sejm. In the world, only a few countries are electing the second chamber in direct elections, which is the case in Poland with the use of the majoritarian voting system. In the public debate, there is a discussion about changing the manner in which the Senate is elected and the scope of its competencies. The Senate has a long tradition in Poland. In the current formula, with the use of 100 single-member constituencies, it has been operating since 2011. Among the possible directions of changes, it is possible to indicate a switch in the electoral law from a majoritarian system to a proportional system or complete abolition of elections to the Senate. Instead, the composition of the chamber could be appointed by local government bodies, in particular the provincial government, or by appointment by the president or the Sejm. The chamber could include "senators for life" - people of merit for the country and former presidents and possibly prime ministers.
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Goyal, Yugank. "Of Modernity, House Prices and Suspending Singularity of Time." Journal of Human Values 26, no. 1 (January 2020): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971685819890183.
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Why do we buy houses as opposed to renting one? This question, in its simplistic formulation captures, inter alia, some of the most fundamental emotions of temporal values that we impose on ourselves. Yet, the question has attracted little scholarly scrutiny. The article, using this question as a case, attempts to excavate the silences of our imagination of time in the cacophony of modernity. Time has had varying versions of existence in the modern world. When time is singular, it has the same meaning attributed to by everyone in the same community. A pluralistic conception of time is the exact opposite. I use discount rates as a unique entry point to understand how people view their future (time), and thereby a conceptual aperture to see if time is losing its singularity or not. More importantly, how so. I collected data on house prices in India in five major metropolitan cities in India and compared those prices with rental values. The crude estimation is a useful proxy to observe discount rates, and consequently, varying conceptions of time. I show that time has become a homogenized entity for people falling in similar economic class while it has lost its singularity for those within the same social class (community). This gets folded into questions of ethical implications of modernity’s impact on one’s aspirations.
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Sahane, Manish B., and Ganesh D. Basarkar. "A Review of Herbal Regulations and Approval Process in India and Europe." International Journal of Drug Regulatory Affairs 11, no. 4 (December 16, 2023): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ijdra.v11i4.629.
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The main suppliers of herbal plants and medications are India and Europe. People prefer using plants and herbs as remedies over synthetic ones since they have fewer adverse effects. In India, AYUSH, CDSCO (Central Drugs Standard Control Organization), AND D&C Act 1940 & 1945(amendment) all control herbal medications. In India, AYUSH systems have been developed to house almost 8000 herbal medications. While in Europe, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the Herbal Medicinal Products Committee (HMPC) are in charge of overseeing herbal medications. The regulation of herbal goods in India and Europe is the subject of this essay.
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Shinde, Mr Pravin. "Container House using GFRG Panels." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 15, 2021): 1023–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.34912.
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In India the demand for housing is ever increasing and hence there is an increase in demand for building materials. Providing affordable housing is a challenge for developing country like India. India have an shortage of millions houses. Now days, more than 17 million retired shipping containers are stacked on the port worldwide. Container building still facing the various challenges. To avoid this challenges GFRG panels use as a Walls and Roofs of container house. So, Container house using GFRG panels provide an adequate solutions to the various problems. Building materials which are energy efficient strong and durable at an affordable cost are in great demand GFRG panels are of much relevance in India where there is tremendous need for cost effective mass scale and rapid housing. They are not only eco-friendly, but also resistant to termites, heat, rot, corrosion, water and fire. Concrete infill with vertical reinforcement rods enhances its vertical and lateral load capabilities. Comparative studies of GFRG and conventional buildings have been carried out in the present investigation. Rapid wall panel provides speedier construction and leads to environmental protection. Subsequently, it is a perfect option building material to replace bricks or concrete blocks. GFRG wall is a green product which can erect a building fast in prefabricated method. This paper highlights the positive aspects of GFRG panels with respect to Time, cost of construction Strength, affordability, energy efficiency over the conventional construction materials and its suitability in the Indian Housing Scenario. This research aims in providing adequate shelter for all individuals that is one among the recent challenges long faced by the developing countries. Economical plan and development of structures, utilizing green material is an option in contrast to exhaustion of totals and increment in cost of concrete. Glass fiber reinforced gypsum panel (GFRG) is a green material, which is a rapid wall construction method and a cost effective construction process. With the end goal to enhance the productivity, and decrease of waste, the lean the development has been presented as another administration rule for better execution. In India, the usage of lean administration in the development industry is a noteworthy errand. Because of the absence of consideration and uneducated towards the lean administration guideline the proprietor, contractual worker, engineers and so on are as yet creating a stage to actualize this standard in their task. This venture primarily centers on to recognize the potential outcomes of execution of lean administration in the development industry. This paper shows the probabilities of compelling usage of lean administration guideline in the development industry, which can definitely diminish the use of time, increment the nature of work, and benefit rate by wiping out the wastage of materials. It finally, points in giving lodging to all classes of people, in this way enhancing the economy of India. Going through this study, it will explore & analyze some projects and case studies from many points of views, Geometrically, Architecturally, structurally, financially, and of course environmentally. The deployment of containers as building modules has grown in popularity over the past years due to their inherent strength, modular construction, and relatively low cost. Finally, conclusions are going to be drawn on the important worth of lean construction against the traditional practice with consideration for the future benefits within collaborative technological models.
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Aasim Khan, Jyoti Sinha, and Vinod Kumar. "Awareness survey on COVID-19 pandemic in India." International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive 3, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2022.3.2.0146.
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A pandemic caused by novel corona virus begins in end of year 2019 in Wuhan, China and within few months it emerged and affected the whole world. To providing information about health care, sanitation to the rural people of India, we conducted an Awareness, Cleanliness and Practice (ACP) survey among the rural people of Delhi-NCR, India in April 2022. An analytic cross-sectional survey with questionnaires administered online to the rural population including Farmers, Janitors, Health Care Workers (HCW), House wives, Students in Delhi-NCR, India. All Participants were voluntarily participated and the percentage of ACP scores was categorized as good and poor. However, Independent predictors like Awareness of severe acute respiratory disorder were ascertained using a binary logistic regression model. The questionnaire was online administered among rural people of Delhi-NCR, India. There were 400 study participants with mean age 32.37±8.15 yrs, interquartile range 28–32 yrs and males 63.4% with graduate education. Most participants were farmers (30%), Janitors (20 %), Health Care Workers, and 20% of House wives and students. All results were expressed in mean ± standard deviation for Awareness, Cleanliness and Practice (ACP) and their scored were 55.18± 12.38, 63.15% ± 5.16 and 45.02% ± 14.2 respectively. Apart from this 376 participants (56.25%) had good awareness (GA) about the hygiene, 32.5% had good knowledge about the cleanliness (KC), and 70% participants following good practices (GP). Despite of this around 58 % did not agree that vaccines can protect them from COVID-19 which as originated from animals and 46 % thought it was a manmade virus and China is behind it. Although, in case of factor fear most of participants (86%) gives 9 out of 10 and 75% agreed that taking basic precautions like wash hand with soap, wear mask, social distancing and vaccines can protect them from this pandemic. However some the respondents (56%) blamed govt election policies and holy bath in kumbh in Haridwar is the main reason of spreading the COVID19 in 2021 in India. One in seven people had public stigma towards infected person and recovered patient from the virus.
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Vizi, László Tamás. "Az első magyar köztársaság születése: Budapest 1918. november 16." Acta Scientiarum Socialium, no. 48 (February 15, 2018): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33566/asc.2755.
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With the date of 16 November 1918, most people associate to the proclamation of the first Republic of Hungary at the Parliament, and certainly, the name of Mihály Károlyi comes to their minds. This is no coincidence, as that was undoubtedly the most massive event of the day. However, the relevant events in the sense of public law did not take place in the square in front of the Parlament, but inside its building. This relevant event was the last session and dissolution of the Parlament, that operated continously since 1910, and last session and closure of the Upper House, that resulted the end of the parliamentary procedure. On the same day, during the session of the Council of Ministers, the Government decided on the name of the country as well. The plenum defined the state form as People’s Republic. The Grand National Council, including the delegates of the county national councils, proclaimed the Republic during its first session in the Parlament’s House of Cups and adopted its first people's resolutions. At the same time declared that October 31 and November 16 would be national holidays.
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Geetha K, Kanniammal C, and Kanmani S. "Prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes among economically backward tribes, Tamilnadu, India." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 12, no. 1 (February 23, 2021): 905–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v12i1.4361.
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India has the second largest concentration of tribal population in the world. Indian tribes constitute around 8.3% of nation’s total population. To assess the prevalence of Prediabetes and diabetes mellitus among tribal population of Kancheepuram district. Cross sectional study design, Multi stage cluster sampling technique was used, house to house data collection was done for 85 irula tribal people. The Irula are a Scheduled tribe that lives in northern Tamil Nadu and the Nilgiri Hills. They are sort of like a cross between tribals and ordinary southern Indians. structured questionnaire were used to assess demographic variables (gender, age, educational qualification, marital status, family status, occupation, monthly salary and religion). Measurements taken were height, weight, and blood sugar by finger prick method with glucometer. Above 140 to 199 mg/dl considered as prediabetes and 200mg/dl is considered as diabetes. Prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes mellitus among tribes were 49.4%, 25.9%, poor literacy, poverty and substance abuse makes the tribes more prone to prediabetes and diabetes.
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Rakesh, P. S., Vishnu Narayanan, Swapna S. Pillai, Rahul Retheesh, and Soumya Dev. "Investigation of an Outbreak of Acute Gastroenteritis in Kollam, Kerala, India." Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 7, no. 3 (April 6, 2016): 204–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2150131916641286.
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An outbreak investigation was initiated following a report of unusual occurrence of acute gastroenteritis in Ashramam area, Kollam district, Kerala, India. House to house survey was conducted to identify cases. Person, place, and time analysis was done. Hypothesis was generated based on findings from cross sectional study, anecdotal evidences, laboratory investigation, and environmental observations. Univariate analysis was done generating odds ratios and confidence intervals to identify factors associated with the disease. A total of 57 cases were reported. Attack rate was highest among children younger than 14 years (22%). Among them, 91.2% (52/57) of the cases and 45.8% (169/369) of the people who had not developed the disease were dependent on pipe water (OR 12.31; 95% CI 4.81-31.52) for drinking purpose. The time frame of the disease occurrence, environmental observations, anecdotal evidences, and the results of analytical study indicated the possibility of the acute gastroenteritis outbreak as a result of pipeline contamination. The study warrants establishment of a good water quality surveillance system.
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Quraishi, Subhi, Hilmi Quraishi, Hemlata Yadav, Ayushi Singh, Ilmana Fasih, Nathaly Aguilera Vasquez, Lavanya Huria, et al. "Digital Storytelling and Community Engagement to Find Missing TB Cases in Rural Nuh, India." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 7, no. 3 (March 11, 2022): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7030049.
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Nuh, Haryana, is one of India’s least developed districts. To improve TB case notifications, ZMQ carried out an active case-finding (ACF) intervention conducted by community health workers (MIRAs) using a digital TB storytelling platform to create TB awareness in the community. The combined storytelling and ACF intervention were conducted house-to-house or in community group settings. Steps included (A) the development of digital TB awareness-raising stories using a participatory approach called Story Labs; (B) the implementation of the intervention; and (C) process, outcome, and impact evaluation of these activities. Six digital stories were created and used during ACF in which 19,345 people were screened and 255 people were diagnosed with TB. Of 731 participants surveyed, the stories were well received and resulted in an increase in TB knowledge. ACF activities resulted in a 56% increase in bacteriologically confirmed TB and an 8% decrease in all forms of TB compared to baseline. All form notifications may have been impacted by COVID-19 lockdowns. Digital TB storytelling can improve TB awareness and knowledge, particularly for low-literacy populations. The use of these tools may benefit ACF campaigns and improve TB case finding.
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Sumanta Bhattacharya, Vinay Sahasrabuddhe, Arindam Mukherjee, and Bhavneet Kaur Sachdev. "An analytic interpretation on the importance of India's soft power in international cultural diplomacy over the centuries." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 12, no. 3 (December 30, 2021): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.12.3.0995.
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India’s Soft Power which is part of Smart Diplomacy or cultural diplomacy in India. India’s soft power diplomacy can be traced back to the time when Swami Vivekananda visited Chicago Parliament of Religion and spoke about Hinduism and India, which attracted many Indians and Foreigners who visited India and learnt about the Indian culture and the Sanskrit, his book on Raja Yoga influenced Western countries to practice Yoga who came to India and visited asharams, India’s main soft powers include spiritualism, yoga, Ayurveda, the world is shifting towards organic method of treatment which has its trace in India. There is culture exchange of arts, music, dance. Indian Diaspora and Young youth are the weapons for the spread of Indian culture across the globe, People are interested in Indian culture and epics of Ramayana and Mahabharat and studying on Kautliya. India literature and craft have received international recognition, countries abroad have included Sanskrit as part of their educational curriculum. India has also emerged has an export of herbs medicine to many foreign countries like Middle East, Europe, Africa etc. and this soft power of India will help in creating a massive influence across the world but before that Indian should have ample knowledge about their own history and culture and languages.
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Selvaraju, Thangavelu. "To Watch the Watch-dog of Public Finance." Indian Public Policy Review 5, no. 1 (Jan-Feb) (February 9, 2024): 156–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.55763/ippr.2024.05.01.004.
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The Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) is one of the most important constitutional authorities. The CAG is to audit all receipts and expenditures of the governments and to report their findings to the Parliament/Assembly for their accountability. The Constitution and CAG’s Act, 1971 provides total functional freedom to CAG to better serve the objective of public audit; what, when, how, and how much to audit are their prerogatives. All the stakeholders, from the Parliament and Assembly to the common people, can know only what is disclosed in these audit reports. Entrusting the entire audit process to one person without any monitoring mechanism may lead to below average performance or deliberate omission to do their mandated duties. The decreasing number of audit reports in recent years, more focus on administrative audit and evaluation of performance under the pretext of value addition/ aiding for better governance, opaqueness in non-publishing of some audit reports, less coverage of audit, and availability of less resources for audit indicate that the performance of the institution of CAG is not at the expected level. Evolving a system for annual reporting of the audit activities of CAG to the Parliament, without curtailing CAG’s independent functioning, is an immediate need for the accrual of the benefit of public audit; ensuring clean governance without leakage and misuse of public money.