Academic literature on the topic 'Indian athletes'

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.
 At the elite level of participation of sports the brain has to be equally tuned with the brawn for attaining the peak level performance. Rather, it is higher cortical functioning of the athlete, which helps in judging, analyzing, estimating and calculating the information at the time of execution of highly precised movements during the competition. Taking in view these facts the emphasis of sports psychology researches in these days is shifting towards the cognitive assessment of the players in the laboratory conditions. A substantive probe has taken place in this respect in male athletes however the female athletic population is still awaiting scientific consideration. Taking cognizance of this situation the present study was conducted on 192 National level Female Athletes belonging to Athletics (Track & Field), Badminton, Basketball, Cycling, Football, Gymnastics, Handball and Hockey. These female athletes were assessed on the parameters of visual and auditory reaction time, visual perceptual accuracy and visual concentration. All the subjects were individually tested with the help of Electronic Chronoscope, Muller-Lyer Illusion test and Knox-Cube Imitation test. The standard procedure of testing was followed throughout the testing programme. The results revealed number of inter group differences in the cognitive abilities of female athletes. While comparing individual and team game female athletes differences were found only in reaction­ability.
 本文旨在探討印度女子運動選手的認知能力，192名印度女子國家隊選手接受測試，結果顯示，個人與隊際項目出現一些較明顯的差異。

Injuries are common among athletes at any point in their sports carrier. Physiotherapy management plays a vital role in the rehabilitation of athlete injury. Numerous pieces of evidence suggest that quick fix approaches, lack of clinical reasoning skills in injury healing science, and current Indian medical system practising guidelines are the reason for poor quality treatment in India, and it is difficult to provide the best quality treatment as per the athletes’ requirements. A multidisciplinary team along with prompt evidence-based treatment is important in injury management. This article describes the current scenario in Indian physiotherapy as well as the suggestions and recommendations to implement evidence-based strategies for proper injury management among athletes.

Introduction: The utilization of anthropometric somatotyping is prevalent in sports. Recognizing a shared physical prototype and its link to athletic performance in athletes is widely accepted. Therefore, it is crucial to explore this aspect among Indian athletes. The study attempted to systematically collect and analyse existing published literature covering the timeframe from 2003 to June 2023, particularly emphasizing the somatotyping of Indian athletes engaged in combat sports and track and field events. Additionally, efforts were made to assess the prominent accomplishments and constraints evident in the published works during the specified period. Methods: Published studies were collected from various academic databases viz., Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, SCISPASE, and Semantic Scholar. Appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria were drafted, and the studies were selected accordingly. Somatotype categories of individual studies were computed and plotted in the somatocharts following Carter’s method. Results: Sixteen studies comprising 887 athletes (746 males and 141 females) were deemed suitable for inclusion in this review. The combat sports subgroup constituted 361 athletes, and the track and field subgroup comprised 526 athletes. Wrestlers exhibited the highest levels of endomorphy and mesomorphy in combat sports, while junior boxers displayed the highest ectomorphy. In track and field, hammer throwers demonstrated the highest endomorphy, shot putters exhibited the greatest mesomorphy, and the highest ectomorphy characterized high jumpers. Conclusion: The somatocharts highlight a shared physical prototype among athletes within the same sport, notably evident in wrestling, hammer throw, shot put, and jump events. However, research on combat sports trails behind studies in track and field. The scarcity of research on somatotyping among Indian elite athletes and female athletes, coupled with a deficiency in interdisciplinary approaches in kinanthropometry studies in India, underscores the need for heightened integrative investigations.

Introduction: Performance in Canoeing and Kayaking depends upon different factors and Somatotype is one of the most important factors of these. The present study aimed to find out the somatotype of Indian national level Canoeists and Kayakers who participated in International and National level competitions. Methods: 27 national level Canoeists and Kayakers were studied for their Somatotype. All subjects were selected from different water sports training centers across the country. Out of 27 athletes, 11 were male athletes (seven Canoeists and four Kayakers) and 16 were female athletes (6 Canoeists and 10 Kayakers). Heath-Carter method (1967) was followed for Somatotyping. Results: Average somatotype of 3.4(±0.9)-5.0(±0.8)-3.4(±2.1) was observed for the male Canoeists and Kayakers whereas that of females was 5.9(±1.6)-4.7(±1.1)-2.0(±1.1). Thus, the male Indian National Canoeists and Kayakers were with Balanced mesomorph somatotype on average whereas the female counterparts were Mesomorphic endomorph. The average muscularity of both male and female Canoeists and Kayakers was moderate. Conclusions: Ectomorphic mesomorph somatotype is the ideal body type for a sportsman in Water sports. Besides Somatotype characteristics, the muscularity of an athlete represents muscular strength which is an important factor for good performance in water sports and generates the required energy for paddling. Moderate muscularity of both male and female Indian Canoeists and Kayakers could hinder good performance in international arenas like the Olympics and Commonwealth Games. Thus Indian Canoeists and Kayakers should improve their muscularity with proper training and nutrition.

The aim of this study was to categorize various physical, physiological, and psychological variables that discriminated among Indian elite male athletes participating in endurance sports (Group A, n=34, age=16.88±2.44 years), combat sports (Group B, n=35, age=17.40±1.37 years) and skill sports (Group C, n=34, age= 8.91±2.24 years) and non-athletic control group (Group D, N=33, years=18.48±2.03 years). Physical parameters included height, body weight, body fat percentage, lean body mass, muscle content, and total water content. Physiological parameters included heart rate variability and maximal aerobic power (VO2 max) measured using the Astrand protocol. Various psychological parameters were evaluated using Big Five Inventory and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaires. Discriminant analysis revealed three significant functions (P<0.05) contributing 65.7%, 25.8%, and 8.5% respectively to the model. After cross-validation, the resulting equation correctly classified 72.8% of endurance, combat, skill athletes, and control group. Total thirteen variables significantly (P<0.05) contributed to the discriminant analysis. The interpretation of the acquired discriminant functions was also based on the examination of the structure coefficients greater than 0.30. The athletes and control were discriminated mainly on VO2 max (structure coefficient, SC=0.741) in Function 1, body weight (SC=0.424), Lean body mass (SC=0.430), and muscle content (SC=0.574). This model substantiates the fact that elite male athletes show physical and physiological differences because of the different training regimens in their respective sports that conditioned them differently. In conclusion, these discriminant models could help in athlete’s induction, talent identification process and improving training programs.

Abstract Introduction Sleep is important for athletic and academic performance, injury risk and recovery, and physical and mental health. However, athletes commonly have poor and insufficient sleep, which may be worsened by their inflexible schedules, stress, traveling, and timing of competition. To date, little is known about the relationship between sleep problems and risk for mental health problems in college student athletes. Almost nothing is known about gender, racial and ethnic sleep disparities in this group. The current study aimed to examine the cross-sectional relationships between sleep disorder symptoms and mental health symptoms, further examining differences by gender, race, and ethnicity. Methods Student athletes (N = 1033) from four universities within the Pacific Athletic Conference (PAC-12) were surveyed using previously-validated mental health questionnaires. Since few individuals self-identified as Asian, American Indian/Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, or “Other,” the race variable was recoded into three groups: White, Black, and Other Underrepresented groups. Gender, race, and ethnicity differences on Athlete Sleep Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) total scores were examined using a three separate MANOVAs. Next, sleep-disorder symptoms were classified as clinically relevant (n=174) or not (n=733) based on established cutoff values on the ASSQ. Gender and sleep disorder differences on mental health total scores were examined using a MANOVA. Results Women athletes reported significantly worse sleep disorder symptoms as a whole. In addition, Black athletes had worse sleep disorder symptoms. There was a trend for women with sleep problems to have higher PC-PTSD scores than women without sleep problems. In addition, athletes in the Other Underrepresented race group with sleep problems also had greater depression, PTSD, and psychotic symptom severity than White or Black student athletes. There was also a trend for Hispanic athletes with sleep disorder symptoms to have greater ADHD symptom severity. Conclusion To further examine individual differences in specific components of sleep symptoms, sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, medication, quality will be reported in the poster presentation. Future studies are needed to understand whether frequency and chronicity of athletic and external stressors, explain elevations in sleep and other psychiatrics symptoms in student athletes. Support (if any) This project was funded by a PAC-12, Mental Health Coordinating Unit Grant.

Restricted hip mobility and flexibility are always associated with increased risk for lower extremity injury and poor athletic performance in female athletes. Reference values for hip motions in female athletes by age and sports are lacking. The primary aim of the study is to document the active and passive range of motion of hip joint among adolescent and adult Indian female athletes. Next, to compare between the sides and age group in the same population. This is a cross-sectional study involving 498 healthy female athletes of age group 15-21 years involved in the high impact sports were conveniently selected for the measurements of hip active and passive range of motion with a Universal goniometer. Participants with recent history of musculoskeletal injury and neurological pain syndromes were excluded from the study. Comparing the baseline values of active and passive range of motion of hip joint, between adolescent and adult female athletes, revealed a significant difference (p<0.05) in both dominant and non-dominant leg except for passive hip abduction (p>0.05). However, adolescents demonstrated higher hip flexion, internal rotation, and external rotation, and adults showed greater hip extension. Active and passive reference values for hip range of motion is documented for South Indian female athletes in relation to age and high impact sports. Future research involving injury prediction, prevention and rehabilitation protocol among female sports can utilize these values.

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese.Values and attitudes are the guiding force of one's behavior. His preferences and priorities are based on his attitudinal leaning which originate from the values prevailing in his close environment. Sport by its nature is a social activity in which large number of people are involved and interact for the shared purpose. Human beings learn to be social beings, because an individual affiliates and reaffiliates with different sports groups, resulting in the change of value system. These observations prompted the author to investigate the values of Indian male athletes. The sample of the study comprised 809 male athletes drawn from 14 different sports disciplines, undergoing regular diploma course at SAI NS NIS Patiala & Gandhinagar. The age of the subjects ranged between 18-30 years and Modernization Scale by Singh et al (1987) standardized on Indian population was administered to collect the data. The results revealed that inter game differences existed in marriage, educational and global values.運動的價值及對運動態度有關的研究多受到社會因素和環境的影響，人類懂得從運動中領略到價值的重要。本文旨在調查印度男性運動員對運動價值的觀點，受訪的809名18至30歲的男性運動員中，發現他們在婚姻及敎育的觀點上出現顯著分別。