Relevant bibliographies by topics / Indian Contract Act

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Indian Contract Act'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 12 December 2022
Last updated: 27 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Indian Contract Act"

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Chaudhary, Ajay. "Freedom of Choice under Indian Contract Act: A Critical Evaluation." Journal of Advances and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education 15, no. 4 (June 1, 2018): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29070/15/57405.

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Shashi, Gauri. "Introspection of Necessaries Contract for Minor Under the Indian Contract Act." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 6, no. 9 (September 15, 2021): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2021.v06.i09.008.

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Swaminathan, Shivprasad. "The Will Theorist’s Mailbox: Misunderstanding the Moment of Contract Formation in the Indian Contract Act, 1872." Statute Law Review 39, no. 1 (May 26, 2016): 14–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/slr/hmw029.

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Ashtaputre, Shrirang, Manasi Joglekar, and Asyaffa Ridzqi Amandha. "Enforceability of Restrictive Covenants in Employment Contracts: Comparing India and Indonesia." Law Research Review Quarterly 8, no. 3 (August 4, 2022): 403–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/lrrq.v8i3.57644.

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In contemporary times, one of the fundamentals that bind and guide any professional relationship is a contract and throughout the negotiations, the parties to it try to assert their interests for ensuring gains. In this process, quite often, several clauses are inserted for ensuring greater exploitation without greater investments and this is witnessed quite often in India and Indonesia, especially in employer-employee contracts. Referred to as restrictive covenants, the Indian Courts have often interpreted the Indian Contract Act 1872 in a progressive fashion, duly preventing the employee from being reduced to a bonded labourer, on numerous occasions. But this does not mean that in all the situations, such covenants are impermissible—the extent to which an employer can restrict the employee for maintaining confidentiality andprotecting trade secrets among other things is what is largely determined by the Courts. Furthermore, in Indonesian context, the contract law stipulated not only in Article 1313 Indonesian Civil Code, but also in various acts such as Indonesian Emplopyment Act 2003 and Government Regulation No. 35 of 2021 concerning Work Agreements for Certain Time, Outsourcing, Working Time and Rest Time, and Termination of Employment. Discussing and comparing the stance of the Indian Judiciary and Indonesian contract system on such restrictive covenants, the Authors, through the medium of this paper seek to shed light on the extent to which they are enforceable and, in the circumstances, where they are valid. In a nutshell, the Authors seek to warn the employers to refrain from engaging in such practices which are likely to harm the principles of humanism enshrined in the Constitution and alert the employee of the scope of their duties towards the employer.
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Ram Mohan, M. P., Promode Murugavelu, Gaurav Ray, and Kritika Parakh. "The doctrine of frustration under section 56 of the Indian Contract Act." Indian Law Review 4, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/24730580.2019.1709774.

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Choung, Yong Hwan. "최근 인도 중재화해법 개정의 “사기와 부패”의 적용." Korea Association for Corruption Studies 27, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52663/kcsr.2022.27.3.219.

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Indian Arbitration and Conciliation Act was enacted in 1996 to accept a modern type of arbitration process in India. After 3 times of amendment in 2015, 2019 and 2021, the Act has taken a primary and dominant regulation to govern the arbitral proceedings in India. In the 2021 amendment, it contains the terms of “fraud” and “corruption” in section 36 of the Act. When the arbitral process was reduced or effected by fraud or corruption relate to the arbitration clause in the contract or the making of the arbitral award, it automatic stay as a pending case based on the party’s challenge. Even the law minister mentioned that India wanted to become a hub of arbitration center in Asia during the 2015 amendment, the recent amendment causes to retrogress of previous efforts in India. There are pros and cons in the 2021 amendment of Arbitration law. It simply realize that certain arbitration clause or arbitral award might be effected by types of fraud or corruption. Then, the Indian judiciary could prevent being induced these kinds and protect the arbitral parties. However, the recent amendment allows the court can intervene the arbitral proceedings by an application of “fraud or corruption” in arbitration. Because the section 36 in the Act is regulating the domestic arbitral award, the foreign investors might want to arbitrate their dispute in international arbitral institution outside of India.
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Upadhyay, Saman Narayan. "Legal Consequences of a Minor’s Agreement in India." Business Law Review 35, Issue 4 (August 1, 2014): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/bula2014023.

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Our daily life is surrounded by agreements, whether we realize it or not. From breakfast to supper we make a number of agreements, irrespective of our ability to do so. For example, the transfer of property through sale, mortgage, lease, exchange, or gift, the formation of partnerships and companies, performing arbitration, mediation, negotiation and conciliation, registering patents, copyrights, intellectual properties, the execution of negotiable instruments, insurances and various services. When the agreement is made by a competent person then it is recognized and protected by law; while in the case of an incompetent party (particularly a minor) it lacks such recognition and protection by law (vide sections 10 and 11 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872). A minor's agreement stands void ab initio (Mohiri Bibee, 1903 PC), hence a minor is discharged from the contractual obligations. But under several laws, such as the TPA, the Sales of Goods Act, the Partnership Act, the Companies Act and the Insurance Laws etc. a minor is allowed to be a beneficiary through the contract created thereunder. Though the Indian Contract Act, 1872, does not allow a minor directly to be a beneficiary, even through judicial pronouncements, this gap has been filled. On the contrary the situation is not clear where this minor is fraudulent. Accordingly the consequence of a minor's agreement in terms of nature and effects is not clear under the Indian Contract Act, 1872, or under the Specific Relief Act, 1963. This legislative gap under the Act of 1872was what attracted to the author to do the analytical research deploying doctrinal research methodology applying null hypothesis. This article has been divided into sections. Under section 2 the formal introduction of agreement and contract is discussed with its essentials, section 3 concerns the legislative gap pertaining to the consequences of a minor's agreement, section 4 examines the fulfilment of the legislative gap through judicial pronouncement and section 5 contains the conclusion with suggestions.
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Swaminathan, Shivprasad. "De-inventing the Wheel: Liquidated Damages, Penalties and the Indian Contract Act, 1872." Chinese Journal of Comparative Law 6, no. 1 (May 10, 2018): 103–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cjcl/cxy001.

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Klesert, Anthony, and Larry Benallie. "Commentary: Indians and Anthropologists." Practicing Anthropology 16, no. 2 (April 1, 1994): 33–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.16.2.nm382t2776584100.

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With the passage of legislation such as the Archaeological Resources Protection Act (ARPA) and the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), as well as amendments to the Historic Preservation Act and proposed revisions to the American Indian Religious Freedom Act (AIRFA), it is increasingly clear that contract archaeologists and applied ethnographers must take into account Native American perceptions of significance when working on Indian lands or with Indian remains. This applies to both prehistoric sites and historic ones, as well as to the discovery, evaluation, and treatment of sacred places (including what Park Service Bulletin 38 refers to as "Traditional Cultural Properties"). It also applies off-reservation as well as on Indian lands. This changing legal environment will have a tremendous impact on the conduct of fieldwork for both ethnography and archaeology; the implications are only beginning to be understood.
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M. Chauhan, R. Prajapati, and S. Rao. "A study of merger & acquisition on the performance of a firm: An evidence of Indian companies across diversified industries." Prayukti – Journal of Management Applications 02, no. 02 (2022): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.52814/pjma.2022.2202.

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Merger and acquisition is not a new concept in the business world. The first wave of mergers took place between 1803-1904. India has appeared as one of the most favored emerging market destinations for M&A deals over the last decades(Gupta,2014) due to the growing opportunities and availability of resources. In the past two years, the Indian market witnessed a lot of turbulence due to GST (Good and Service tax), demonetization, and presently due to the outbreak of global pandemic Covid-19. In India, mergers and acquisitions are being governed by the Companies Act, 2013 for the general framework, Indian Contract Act, 1872 for contract and rights of the parties, the Specific Relief Act, 1963 for remedies on breach of contract. In this paper, five companies were chosen from different industries to check the effect of mergers using six financial parameters which are: Current Ratio, Net Profit Ratio, Price to Earnings Ratio, Earnings per Share, Debt to Equity Ratio, and Asset Turnover Ratio. The study period ranges from 2011 to 2021. Shapiro-Wilks test was done to check the normality of the data and Wilcoxon Paired Sign-Rank Test was computed for dataset not following a normal distribution. Paired sample T-test was used to check the existence of positive or negative impact post-merger. This paper strives to find out the prevailing scenario of M&A worldwide and also to know the overall performance of the selected companies post-merger. Through this paper, we come to know that merger and acquisition is not always a good option. The majority of the companies faced a significant amount of loss after the merger. The findings directed varied results.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Indian Contract Act"

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Tofaris, Stelios. "A historical study of the Indian Contract Act 1872." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283876.

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Books on the topic "Indian Contract Act"

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Bangia, R. K. The Indian Contract Act. 5th ed. Allahabad: Allahabad Law Agency, 1991.

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Dutt, Asoka C. Dutt on contract: The Indian Contract Act, 1872. 7th ed. Calcutta: Eastern Law House, 1990.

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Shanmukham, K. Singhal and Subrahmanyan's Indian Contract Act. 4th ed. Allahabad: Law Book Co., 1999.

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1845-1937, Pollock Frederick, and Mulla Dinshah Fardunji 1868-1934, eds. The Indian contract and specific relief acts. Haryana: LexisNexis, 2013.

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Awasthi, Shailendra Kumar. Digest on the Indian Contract Act, 1872: With allied legislations. Allahabad: Dwivedi & Co., 1999.

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Row, T. V. Sanjiva. Sanjiva Row's commentary on the Indian Contract Act, 1872 and tenders. Edited by Kumar P. N and India. Delhi: Delhi Law House, 2004.

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Row, T. V. Sanjiva. Sanjiva Row's commentary on The Indian Contract Act, 1872 and Tenders (Act no. IX of 1872). Delhi: Delhi Law House, 2011.

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Row, T. V. Sanjiva. Sanjiva Row's commentary on the Indian Contract Act, 1872 and tenders (Act No. IX of 1872). Delhi: Delhi Law House, 2009.

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9

Office, General Accounting. Indian Self-Determination Act: Shortfalls in Indian contract support costs need to be addressed : report to Congressional committees. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 1999.

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Office, General Accounting. Indian Self-Determination Act: Shortfalls in Indian contract support costs need to be addressed : report to Congressional committees. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Indian Contract Act"

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Krishnaprasad, KV. "Fraud, Misrepresentation, and Mistake in Indian Contract Law." In Invalidity, 105–26. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192859341.003.0006.

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Abstract This chapter examines fraud, misrepresentation and mistake as contractual vitiating factors in Indian law. It advances three main arguments. First, the provisions of the Indian Contract Act 1872 that govern fraud and misrepresentation suffer from a drafting flaw. Once the drafting error is recognized, it is clear that the Act regulates the contractual consequences of fraud and misrepresentation in two stages: a consent-based first stage and a more pluralistic second stage. Second, the second paragraph of section 19 of the Act allows a mis-representee to claim that he be ‘put in the position in which he would have been if the representations made had been true’. This provision treats all pre-contractual representations as though they were enforceable promises. This is indefensible. Third, nineteenth century English Courts were faced with the task of reconciling Pothier’s ‘will theory’ with the English doctrine of objectivity. This conflict is also reflected in the Act. Understanding this tension has the potential to yield significant insights into the way in which the Act regulates mistakes.
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Bhadbhade, Nilima. "Contract Terms and their Interpretation: The Indian Perspective." In Contents of Contracts and Unfair Terms, 92–110. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198850427.003.0005.

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This chapter examines two closely connected issues in defining the contents of contracts in India: first, the approaches adopted in interpreting the meaning of agreed contractual terms and, second, the extent to which additional terms are implied to supplement the express terms. It discusses the underlying philosophy of interpretation with regard to the dichotomy of ‘objective’ and ‘subjective’ approaches; it details the various interpretative aids, such as customs, usages, the commercial background, the negotiations of the parties, and the Evidence Act; and it shows how Indian law resolves the tension between literalist and contextualist approaches to interpretation. A number of hypothetical scenarios illustrate how Indian courts deal with issues of contractual interpretation and gap-filling in practice.
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Gulzar, Unanza. "Critical Appraisal of Challenges to Online Consumer Fissures in Information Technology Law in India." In Handbook of Research on Cyber Law, Data Protection, and Privacy, 277–91. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8641-9.ch016.

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Despite the shift in e-commerce in India, there are inadequate laws to protect a person over the internet. The chapter highlights that the Information Technology (Amendment) Act, 2008, incorporated Section-A, which validates just e-commerce including e-shopping but does not include attendant principles of its formation, which gave rise to a number of questions. The chapter also discusses the loopholes and lacunas in the Information Technology Act relating to online consumers and the Indian Contract Act for formation of contracts that cannot be made equally applicable to online contracts, leaving consumers in a position where they cannot bargain. Further, the author has evaluated and analysed cases filed by consumers in terms of challenges they face. Lastly, the chapter came up with certain suggestions keeping in view unfilled space.
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Shettigar, Jagadish, and Pooja Misra. "Steps to Empower Farmers." In Resurgent India, 85—C2.4.P10. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192866486.003.0015.

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Abstract With the three agricultural Farm Acts promising to be a game- changer by the Government, these Acts meant empowering the farmer community by enabling them to come out of the shackles of the middlemen, and predatory moneylenders. Providing the required legal framework to facilitate contract farming in agriculture and allied activities was the main objective of The Farmers (Empowerment and Protection) Agreement on Price Assurance and Farm Services Act 2020. The chapter discusses how the Act aimed to liberalize agricultural trade and to accord considerable benefit to both parties, i.e. farmers would have a guaranteed purchaser while uncertainty regarding prices would be minimized. The Act provided a national framework and attempted to bring uniformity in the provisions of contract farming. This Act had sought to bring an attractive solution for both the farmers and buyers, i.e. a farmer could finalize the buyer and the price of his agricultural produce even prior to the harvest while the buyer was assured of the produce and price at the time of harvest itself. Long- term structural agricultural reforms such as the Farmers (Empowerment and Protection) Agreement on Price Assurance and Farm Services Act 2020 would have gone a long way in transforming the Indian agricultural ecosystem.
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Govindaraj, V. C. "Exclusion of Foreign Law." In The Conflict of Laws in India, 17–21. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199495603.003.0002.

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This chapter discusses restrictions to the enforcement of foreign laws under Indian law. Section 23 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, forbids an Indian court from recognizing or enforcing a contract where such recognition or enforcement would be opposed to Indian public policy, or where such contract was obtained by fraud. A well-known principle of conflict of laws is that a court will not enforce a foreign penal law, either directly or indirectly. Foreign revenue laws are comparable to foreign penal laws from the standpoint of enforceability. As a matter of principle, a court will not enforce the public law of a foreign country, though the scope and ambit of this principle remains nebulous.
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Govindaraj, V. C. "Negotiable Instruments." In The Conflict of Laws in India, 69–72. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199495603.003.0006.

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This chapter discusses the law relating to negotiable instruments as interpreted and applied by Indian courts. The legal requirements and the legal effects of a negotiable instrument such as a bill of exchange or a promissory note or cheque are governed by the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881. Section 134 of the Act lays down the rule that in the absence of a contract to the contrary in respect of a negotiable instrument, the liability of the maker or drawer of a promissory note, bill of exchange, or cheque is regulated in all essential matters by the law of the place where he made the instrument.
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Arora, anmeet Kaur, Kiran Kumar Nirdhala, and Dr Nituja Singh. "A Critical Analysis of Legal Challenges of E- Contracts in India." In Cyber Crime, Regulations and Security - Contemporary Issues and Challenges, 158–68. Law brigade publishers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55662/book.2022ccrs.006.

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The Indian Economy stands on agriculture, banking, finance, manufacturing sector, business sector, etc. The e-governance in these sectors has gained new heights even in the pandemic. The constant threats and issues related to cyber security have plagued the system at every level, especially fraudulent E-contracts. Even the Reserve Bank of India has acknowledged the uncertainties regarding Cyber Securities for example Vishing, via Phishing, Remote Access, etc. This research attempts to study to prohibit fraud applications and loss of money by individuals and organizations by elucidating a toll-free model which can detect fraud exposure while entering into E-contracts for example Fraudulent Recruitment E- contracts. The aim of the research is to provide a major contribution represented in a reliable detection model using firewalls, e-contracts, legal awareness, and others. The detection of Online Recruitment Fraud is characterized by QR codes, OTP, tele verifications, and other studies on this concept. The researcher proposed the detection model to achieve the basics of cyber security. Furthermore, this study focuses on context formation agreed by the parties i.e. a valid offer and due acceptance with the line to e-contracts, however, the contracts should not be denied on any ground as data messages are used for the purpose according to Provision Sec 10A of IT Act 2000. Through this paper researcher will bring provisions of formation of the contract, quality communication, the validity of e-contract in light of the legal framework of Information Technology Act 2000 along with electronic communications, electronic media.
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Mishra, Satya Ranjan. "Commercial and Legal Sustainability of Contract Farming in Gujarat." In Sustainable Development and India, 134–58. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199474622.003.0009.

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The chapter discusses that there is a strong need to formalize agriculture and make farmers a beneficiary of the end market opportunities. Contract farming attempts to bring in possibilities of organizing the agricultural sector by carving commercial, financial, and technological partnerships with farmers in the commodity value chain. Contract farming has been introduced in the Indian states following the enactment of the model APMC Act of 2005.The success of contract farming with commercial exuberance and regulatory safeguards will help realize the dream of the Millennium Development Goals of reducing the world poverty by half. This chapter attempts to find the success and sustainability of formal agriculture over informal agriculture through empirically evident parameters and it critically examines the present regulatory framework’s efficacy to safeguard the interest of the most prominent actor in the commodity value chain—the farmer.
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Elangovan, Arvind. "A Civil Servant’s Adieu." In Norms and Politics, 193–236. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199491445.003.0006.

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Contrary to Rau’s ideas, the framers of the Indian constitution, however, were deeply influenced by the political history that preceded the meeting of the Constituent Assembly. As a result, the framers privileged not only Fundamental Rights but also the postcolonial State and the latter’s right to intervene for the cause of social justice. Interestingly, the idea that mainly underscored this act of privileging was not so much to come together to create a state by submitting individual wills (as theorized by social contract theorists, for instance) but rather there was a deep mistrust between the different political interests that were at work in the Constituent Assembly. Thus, by the time of the drafting of the Indian constitution, political history played a dominant role, with norms giving way to a history of politics.
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Shettigar, Jagadish, and Pooja Misra. "Labour Reforms." In Resurgent India, 203—C3.12.P10. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192866486.003.0042.

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Abstract India is projected to have the highest working population between 2022 and 2034 with 4.75 million youth entering the workforce every year. Investor and employee-friendly labour laws will be key to harnessing the potential of this large workforce. Indian labour laws in sync with and conducive to promoting the evolving business regulatory environment can help reshape India’s growth trajectory and stimulate India’s growth aspirations. A simplified and modernized labour regulation and labour reforms have been the need of the hour to take care of the archaic Indian labour laws which have been acting as deterrents in attracting investment, especially foreign direct investment. The government should initiate steps to reform the outdated labour laws, which have acted as an impediment to attracting domestic and foreign direct investment. Agreeably, in September 2020, with the Parliament passing the three labour bills, the Government has been able to take a major step forward in the right direction. However, it would only be right to state that the work with regards to the extent antiquated and complicated labour laws is only half done and there are crucial issues such as the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, Contract Labour etc. that warrant attention from the viewpoint of building a positive business environment
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Conference papers on the topic "Indian Contract Act"

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Ramesh, Ananya, and Nirupama M. Vidyarthi. "Decentralisation and devolution in growing megacities. Case of Bangalore, India." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/mpmv6643.

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Through the 73rd and 74th Amendment Act of 1992, India sought to empower urban and rural local bodies. On the contrary, parallel modes of governance have undermined them. In the case of megacity Bangalore, two such modes i.e Electronic City and Smart City are studied to unpack the status of decentralisation. Key person interviews serve as primary data. Following the enquiry of decentralisation and devolution, elements of disconnectedness emerge. Disconnectedness can be seen between parts-affecting the whole, embodied as intents as well as outcomes through tools of planning, administrative, legal, political and economic choices. This leads us to enquire how we can retain decision-making power within the democratic realm and strengthen the role of local bodies in megacities. Unpacking the dynamics of decentralized governance is critical across megacities globally, as cities continue to seek autonomy not just in functioning but identity and influence, in the network of global flows.
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Reports on the topic "Indian Contract Act"

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Arora, Saurabh, Arora, Saurabh, Ajit Menon, M. Vijayabaskar, Divya Sharma, and V. Gajendran. People’s Relational Agency in Confronting Exclusion in Rural South India. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/steps.2021.004.

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Social exclusion is considered critical for understanding poverty, livelihoods, inequality and political participation in rural India. Studies show how exclusion is produced through relations of power associated with gender, caste, religion and ethnicity. Studies also document how people confront their exclusion. We use insights from these studies – alongside science and technology studies – and rely on life history narratives of ‘excluded’ people from rural Tamil Nadu, to develop a new approach to agency as constituted by two contrasting ways of relating: control and care. These ways of relating are at once social and material. They entangle humans with each other and with material worlds of nature and technology, while being mediated by structures such as social norms and cultural values. Relations of control play a central role in constituting exclusionary forms of agency. In contrast, relations of care are central to the agency of resistance against exclusion and of livelihood-building by the ‘excluded’. Relations can be transformed through agency in uncertain ways that are highly sensitive to trans-local contexts. We offer examples of policy-relevant questions that our approach can help to address for apprehending social exclusion in rural India and elsewhere.
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Padhye, Suyash, Isaiah Mwamba, Kyubyung Kang, Samuel Labi, and Makarand Hastak. Safety, Mobility, and Cost Benefits of Closing One Direction of the Interstate in Rural Areas During Construction Work. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317345.

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With specific regard to interstates in the rural area, Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) has expressed a need for research that sheds light on this Maintenance of Traffic (MOT) issue so the agency [INDOT and the contractor] can make informed decisions regarding the crossover sections versus the closure in one direction with detour roads. A number of studies have investigated the advantages and disadvantages of various MOT strategies; however, there is no specific study that can help INDOT traffic engineers and design engineers make decisions by comparing direct and indirect benefits of crossovers and detours (full lane closures). This research examined the advantages and disadvantages of entirely closing one direction of traffic over traditional work zone techniques (such as partial lane closure through median crossover) from the perspectives of the agency, road users, and the community. In the case of full closure, the study (a) examined the alternative MOT strategies and best practices through an extensive literature review and survey of agencies (b) investigated risk, benefit, and costs associated with selected detour routes (c) validated the identified critical factors through case studies in Indiana and at other states, and (d) implemented best practices in an expected project to evaluate the safety, mobility, and cost benefits of closing one direction. Through the literature review and four case studies, eleven KPIs for MOT strategy developments were identified. This study prioritized these KPIs through the survey questionnaire. The top five KPIs are (1) safety, (2) mobility, (3) budget constraint, (4) project duration, (5) complexity of project sites. Based on these KPIs and other findings presented in Section 4.3.3, this study has proposed a comparison tool for predetermined MOT strategies in the form of a flow-chart. This tool is followed by the scores or weights associated with each KPI. These scores are normalized—i.e., the most important KPI which is safety, has the maximum weightage 1 and rest of the KPIs are weighed relatively. INDOT has a set of editable documents which are references for making MOT decisions. This proposed flow-chart tool will “walk” the INDOT team through the use of these spreadsheets corresponding to the identified KPIs through this study. It will be at the discretion of the INDOT team as to which KPIs are relevant to the situation at hand. Therefore, the flow-chart tool is flexible to incorporate the dynamic nature of MOT strategy selection.
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