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1
Saini, Sakshi. "Status of Growth-Oriented Women Entrepreneurs in Indian Unorganized Sector." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 17, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v17.n1.p1.
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Women in India are still struggling for financial independence. Females in India accounted for 48%, but their participation in the workforce is 26% (The Hindu, 2018). A significant proportion of the female labour workforce is engaged in the unorganized sector. The main reason for it is the informal sector flexibility to handle both work and household activity. In the Informal sector, enterprises are categorized as Own Account Enterprise (OAE, Enterprise do not hire any worker) and Establishments (enterprises which do hire any worker on a fairly regular basis). Many researchers referred to establishments as 'opportunity-Driven Enterprise' and 'Growth-oriented enterprise.' This paper will be focused on the status of Female-owned Established Enterprises all over the Indian states and in Manufacturing, Trade, and Other Services sector in India. This study is based on NSS 73rd round (2015-16). Most of the research on female entrepreneurs focused on their participation in Own Account Enterprises. This study is way forward to other studies because it focuses on growth-oriented enterprises than Necessity- Driven Enterprises, i.e., OAE.
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Rana, Sudhir, Partha P. Saikia, and Munim K. Barai. "Globalization and Indian Manufacturing Enterprises." FIIB Business Review 7, no. 3 (2018): 167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2319714518803440.
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Indian manufacturing enterprises (IMEs) are undergoing a phase of transformation. Changing economic policies and global outlook have brought both opportunities as well as thought points before IMEs. This piece of research has brought assessment as well as discussion on present state and viewpoints on IMEs through the lenses of globalization. The discussion revealed that the Government of India needs to undertake several policy decisions to make Indian manufacturing firms more globalized. The perspective moves in a sequential manner starting from evolution to manufacturing, overview of Indian manufacturing, covers the journey of globalization facets/dimensions, undertake the state of IMEs to justify the points of authors and draw conclusions on this field.
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Choudhary, Kailash, and Kuldip Singh Sangwan. "Benchmarking Indian ceramic enterprises based on green supply chain management pressures, practices and performance." Benchmarking: An International Journal 25, no. 9 (2018): 3628–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-12-2017-0330.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the impact of green supply chain management (GSCM) pressures, implementation level of GSCM practices and improvement in performance of the Indian ceramic enterprises. The paper also aims at benchmarking the Indian ceramic enterprises based on enterprise size and market orientation (export activity). Design/methodology/approach The research is based on the empirical study of Indian ceramic industry. Propositions are developed to study: the impact of GSCM pressures, implementation level of GSCM practices, improvement in GSCM performance, and the effect of GSCM pressures on implementation of practices, and impact of GSCM practices on GSCM performance. Data are collected from Indian ceramic enterprises of different sizes. Exploratory factor analysis is performed to segregate the pressures, practices and performance variables into constructs. Two-step algorithm, with log-likelihood measures of distance and Bayesian information criterion, is used to decide the optimal number of clusters. These clusters are compared and benchmarked according to the enterprise size and export activity. Findings This study finds that the implementation level of GSCM practices is higher in large- and medium-size enterprises as compared to small-size enterprises. Large- and medium-size enterprises have high impact of mimetic and informative pressures and small enterprises have high impact of coercive pressure (CP). Although the CP is high on small enterprises but due to the limited resources, these enterprises cannot afford to implement GSCM practices. The implementation of GSCM practices results into the improvement of environmental and operational performance but decrease in economic performance. Practical implications The findings of this study will suggest the policy maker to encourage the diffusion mechanism through a collaborative partnership with larger enterprises to enhance the implementation level of GSCM practices in small-size enterprises. Originality/value The novelty of the paper are: it analyzes and benchmarks GSCM pressures, practice and performance for Indian ceramic enterprises by considering enterprises size and export activities as control variables, and it finds the effect of GSCM pressures on the implementation level of GSCM practices and improvement in enterprise performance for Indian ceramic enterprises.
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Tiwari, Rupesh Kumar, and Jeetendra Kumar Tiwari. "Evaluating Lean Performance of Indian Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in Automotive Sector." Open Engineering 8, no. 1 (2018): 293–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2018-0032.
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Abstract Under new “make in India policy” India has started to become global manufacturing hub and many Indian organizations are looking to implement lean philosophy to gain sustainable strategic benefits over others. Therefore, a need was felt to develop comprehensive lean evaluation system for Indian automotive small & medium sized enterprises in order to measure its present lean status and potential improvements to gain significant strategic advantages. Research started with the identification of various lean factors and associated sub factors through literature survey. Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process was applied to assign weight to various extracted lean factors and sub factors because of its evident merits. Fuzzy comprehensive analysis was applied to assess present status of Indian automotive small and medium sized enterprises, where lean does not practice. Lean performance of Indian automotive small & medium sized enterprises was ascertained as poor. The proposed model could be useful to guiding the Indian automotive small and medium sized enterprises in judicial selection of lean practices to gain significant sustainable strategic advantage over its competitors. Novelty of this research is to emerge from the development of comprehensive lean measurement model for Indian small and medium sized enterprises in automotive sector.
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Choudhary, Kailash, and Kuldip Singh Sangwan. "Adoption of green practices throughout the supply chain: an empirical investigation." Benchmarking: An International Journal 26, no. 6 (2019): 1650–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-09-2018-0293.
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Purpose There is a dichotomy in the actual and expected environmental performances of the Indian enterprises even though the Indian enterprises have aligned their businesses with intended nationally determined contributions (INDC) targets. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the supply chain of Indian enterprises to understand influences to adopt green practices throughout the supply chains, and how these green practices influence economic, operational and environmental performances to reveal the underlying currents explaining difference in actual and expected performance. Design/methodology/approach Five research propositions are developed based on the existing literature. Data are collected from 233 ceramic enterprises in India. Exploratory factor analysis has been done to test construct validity and correlation. Confirmatory factor analysis is used to check unidimensionality of constructs. Structural equation modeling is used to test the strength and direction of the relations between the constructs and to develop the model. Findings The findings of the study suggest that the Indian companies have aligned their businesses with INDC targets but they have not adopted the green practices in inbound and outbound supply chains; therefore, the actual environmental performance is not as expected. Other major finding is that the enterprise and government are not focusing on the informative pressure and instead the focus is on coercive techniques which are not yielding positive results. The statistical results show that the adoption of green practices led to the improvements in environmental and operational performances but reduction in economic performance. Originality/value This paper has analyzed green supply chain management pressure, practice and performance measure for Indian ceramic enterprises and proposed a structural model with their interrelation.
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Xavier, Jesrina Ann, and Edmund Terence Gomez. "Still an ethnic enterprise after a generational change? Indian-owned SMEs in Malaysia." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 49, no. 2 (2018): 297–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463418000231.
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This study grapples with two key puzzles: first, what happens when companies established as ethnic-based enterprises, including by migrants, are passed on to the next generation? Second, do these migrant businesses remain as ethnic enterprises after generational transitions? The empirical focus of this study is Malaysia, a country with one of the largest ethnic Indian populations outside India. To provide insights into these questions, this article pays particular attention to how an ethnic enterprise functions, in terms of types of goods and services produced and its targeted market, after the emergence of a new generation of owners with more class resources. The evidence from this study will provide insights into the validity of the concept of ethnic enterprise following a generational transition.
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Kumar, Harish, and S. V. S. Chauhan. "Re-engineering Public Sector Enterprises." Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective 2, no. 2 (1998): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09722629x98002002009.
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In India, Public Sector was created to accelerate the growth of economy. But public sector enterprises have failed to accomplish this mission. There are several reasons for the ineffective functioning of public sector in the country. Recently Government of India has introduced certain economic reforms which have opened the Indian economy to the multinationals. To ensure survival and excellence, government organisations should follow private sector organisations and meet the challenges of multinational economy effectively.
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Sukharkova, Marina. "Organizational aspects of volunteer work in social enterprises in Russia and India." Science. Culture. Society 28, no. 2 (2022): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/nko.2022.28.2.9.
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The text of this article analyzes the processes of managing volunteers at social enterprises in Russia and India. Social enterprises are becoming more popular, but this type of organization remains poorly understood. Social entrepreneurship is a form of business that differs from an ordinary commercial enterprise in that. The goal of a social enterprise is not only to make a profit, but also to solve social problems. It is known that social enterprises involve volunteers in their work, however, the problems faced by representatives of social enterprises when working with volunteers are unknown. The empirical basis of the work was an online survey of representatives of social enterprises from Russia and India. These countries were chosen due to the fact that it is in Russia and India that the sector of social entrepreneurship is currently developing. The focus of our article concerned such issues: what stages of working with volunteers are implemented in social enterprises, what problems they face when working with volunteers, and what processes can help minimize difficulties in working with volunteers. Analysis of the data obtained showed that representatives of social enterprises in Russia and India are actively implementing the selection of volunteers, education and training of volunteers, and discussion of the results of work with volunteers. Among the most significant problems in working with volunteers, representatives of Russian social enterprises consider a high level of volunteer turnover and distrust of volunteers. Representatives of Indian social enterprises consider the insufficient level of training of volunteers, the high turnover of volunteers as significant problems in working with volunteers. Despite the differences in the processes of working with volunteers, representatives of social Russian and Indian enterprises believe that the training and education of specialists working with volunteers and the education and training of volunteers themselves can improve the quality of work with volunteers. The analysis of work and management of volunteers is an extremely broad topic, the text of the article covers only some of its aspects, which were studied based on the results of the survey. The results of the study can be used by researchers for further work in the field of studying the processes of working with volunteers, and the results of the study can also be useful to those who are practitioners in the field of social entrepreneurship and social enterprises.
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Khuntia, Janmejoy. "A comparative analysis of economic characteristics of registered micro and small enterprises run respectively by backward and forward classes in India." Journal of Business Management and Information Systems 3, no. 2 (2016): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.48001/jbmis.2016.0302005.
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One of the major features of Indian economy is inequality in income and asset distribution. A comparative study of principal characteristics of micro and small enterprises owned by backward classes which include Scheduled Caste, Scheduled Tribe and Other Backward Class and Others belonging to forward class in India reveal this phenomenon. It is a well-known fact that small industry sector provides lively hood to large number of people across India through ownership of small business enterprise. However, with respect to their performance, they differ significantly. This paper tries to study the inequality existing in the principal characteristic among registered enterprises owned by backward classes and Others respectively.
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Khanna, Sushil. "State-Owned Enterprises in India: Restructuring and Growth." Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies 30, no. 2 (2014): 5–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/cjas.v30i2.4237.
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Economic reforms in India are often hailed as the march of private enterprise, unshackled from bureaucratic control. Though it is true that the Indian growth story is led by private capital, reforms have also unleashed a resurgent public sector in the Indian economy, with a significant contribution to investment and growth in India. This article looks at the political economy of SOE reforms, their partial privatization and restructuring, with enhanced autonomy as the key factors that have shaped a more dynamic SOE sector, at least amongst those controlled by the central government. As India moved to market-based prices and incentives, and better contract enforcements, central government SOEs (CSOEs) have substantially enhanced their profitability, investments and growth. As far as manufacturing SOEs are concerned, their profitability and efficiency is superior to private firms, while the performance of CSOEs in services has been rather poor.
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Muller, Helen Juliette. "American Indian Enterprises and Social Responsibility." Proceedings of the International Association for Business and Society 12 (2001): 217–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/iabsproc20011223.
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Kaur, Gurneet. "ECONOMIC REFORMS AND MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 5 (2017): 394–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i5.2017.1875.
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Micro, Small & Medium enterprises (MSMEs) have played a crucial role in the overall economic development of every developing economy in the world. In India, MSMEs have helped in creating a favourable environment of growth by serving as ancillary units to large scale industries. They not only create huge employment opportunities for the public but also address other challenges faced by the economy like poverty and removing regional imbalances. Keeping in view the crucial role of MSMEs in our economy, the present paper is an attempt to analyze the definition of MSMEs, the role and performance of MSMEs in Indian economy and government policies towards MSMEs as well as the various challenges and opportunities associated with MSMEs in India. The study reveals that over a period of time notable growth has been shown by the MSME sector which has been a leading contributor to export, employment and Gross domestic product in India. Therefore, some sincere action plan and their proper implementation is must for the encouragement of the MSMEs in the Indian economy.
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Mathew, P. A. "Indian's in Silicon Valley: Networks and Opportunities." Artha - Journal of Social Sciences 3, no. 1 (2004): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.12724/ajss.5.6.
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The emigration of Indians to foreign countries especially U.S. was made possible because of the availability of talented and brainy students and professionals in India and the favourable immigration laws. The networking structure part of the silicon valley provided the Indians with ample opportunities for wealth creation and to start new enterprises. It took some time for Indians to seize the opportunity. The hindrances encountered by the technocrats mainly emerged from the bureaucracy and the protectionism of the Indian market.
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Athukorala, Prema-chandra, and C. Veeramani. "Internationalization of Indian Enterprises: Patterns, Determinants, and Policy Issues." Asian Economic Papers 16, no. 1 (2017): 142–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00496.
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This paper examines the emerging patterns and economic implications of Indian overseas direct investment (ODI) from a historical perspective. The novelty of the analysis lies in its specific focus on the implications of the liberalization reforms initiated in the early 1990s and the resultant changes in the overall investment climate for the internationalisation of domestic companies. The findings cast doubts on the popular perception that the recent surge in ODI from India is an unmixed economic blessing, a sign of “coming of age” of Indian companies in global business. Given the remaining distortion in the domestic investment climate, the net national gains from these investments could be much less than what the reported absolute numbers suggest.
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Dayana Das, Adithi Pradeep,. "FINANCIAL VULNERABILITIES FOR SMALL ENTERPRISES IN KERALA." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 2 (2021): 6509–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i2.3184.
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The small and medium-sized enterprises sector is an important segment of the Indian economy. Results of Third All India SSI unit censuses show a declining growth trend at the All India level and a growing trend in the Kerala sector. With the exception of the Fourth Census, employment growth in the Kerala SME sector has shown an increasing trend. Growth in the SSI Sector can do a lot to solve Kerala's acute unemployment problem. Sickness among the Kerala SME units is a major problem.
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Gupta, Aman, and Sushil Kumar. "Comparing the performance of public and private enterprises: case for a reappraisal – evidence from India." International Journal of Public Sector Management 34, no. 1 (2020): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-04-2020-0117.
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PurposeState-owned enterprises (SOEs) are essential tools to further policy objectives across the world. However, in the past few decades, heated debates on the performance of SOEs vis-à-vis private sector enterprises have surfaced. In India, SOEs have long played an important role in the economy and only recently have undergone the trend of privatization. The purpose of this paper is to analyze existing research and to conclude whether private enterprises perform better than SOEs.Design/methodology/approachA review of available literature on performance comparisons of public and private sector enterprises is carried out, and differences between public and private enterprises are studied. Finally, theoretical propositions on the differences in objectives of public and private enterprises in the Indian context are enumerated. Three propositions are tested using data on Indian SOEs available in the public domain.FindingsPerformance comparisons of public and private enterprises have focused merely on technical productivity or financial aspects and have thus left out the wide scope of social, economic and political objectives of SOEs. Literature on the nature of SOEs indicates that there are certain fundamental differences in the objectives of public and private sector enterprises. Further, the basic theoretical assumptions tested have been found to be, prima facie, valid in the Indian context. The paper thus establishes a case for further research to develop a comprehensive technique for the comparison of public and private sector enterprises in the Indian context.Originality/valueExtant research on the subject of comparing public and private entries has limited itself to technoeconomic considerations and has not taken into account the different objectives/nature of these enterprises. The study established a case for diverging from the present discourse privatization and private sector supremacy. The same could have far-reaching consequences for policymakers, especially in developing countries.
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Sahoo, Saumyaranjan, and Sudhir Yadav. "Lean implementation in small- and medium-sized enterprises." Benchmarking: An International Journal 25, no. 4 (2018): 1121–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-02-2017-0033.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which lean management practices are adopted by small- and medium-sized manufacturing organizations in India and their impact on firm’s operational performance (OP). Also, the paper makes an attempt to identify the barriers and challenges faced by Indian SMEs that are striving to succeed with improvement efforts based on lean manufacturing. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, acceptability and implementation of lean manufacturing in Indian Manufacturing SMEs were analyzed using three constructs, namely, process improvement (PI), flow management (FM) and waste minimization (WM). The responding firms were categorized into “lean-Beginners,” “In-transition lean” and “lean” group based on their phases of lean implementation. Using a survey questionnaire, data were collected from 121 manufacturing SMEs in India. Lean tools and barriers, identified from the literature review, were also included in the survey. The reliability and validity of the practice and performance measures were evaluated. Correlation analysis was employed to investigate the effects of three constructs on OP. Findings The results indicate that all the three lean constructs are significantly related to OP. In the context of Indian manufacturing SMEs, “PI” and “WM” practices have shown a higher level of significance on OP, compared to “FM” practices. “5S -workplace organization” was found to be the most practiced lean tool. “Attitude of workmen” was highlighted as the main obstacle in successfully implementing lean. The findings suggest overall positive effects as a result of applying lean tools and philosophy in Indian SMEs. Research limitations/implications The research results may lack qualitative justification because of the chosen research approach. Therefore, the researchers are encouraged to explore the inter-relationship among various lean tools/practices and performance criteria by conducting a qualitative study in the form of a case study or action research. Practical implications This paper is a beneficial source of information that highlights the contribution of lean implementation in enhancing manufacturing productivity. The major tools and techniques used by Indian SMEs have been highlighted and discussed; it could be a genuine source of motivation to lean practitioner and entrepreneurs of SMEs to go in for lean implementation. The findings are also expected to benefit the lean practitioners and entrepreneurs of SMEs to focus on vital issues to facilitate successful lean implementation in an organization. Originality/value The paper demonstrates that practical implication of lean implementation can bring real breakthroughs in productivity to small- and medium-scale manufacturing firms.
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Kumar Garg, Rakesh, and Dr Deepak Kumar Agarwal. "Impact of Human Resource Management Policies and Digitalization on the Public Sector Enterprises in India." Shanlax International Journal of Management 9, S1-Feb (2022): 282–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/management.v9is1.4869.
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Any organization’s success is determined by the quality of its human resources. Human resources, in the form of personnel, are the most vital and valuable assets that any firm has. In the changing and globalized environment, enterprises are supposed to give more thought to quality and human resources needs to become sustainable. Productivity and efficiency of the employees are two of the top factors influencing organization success. Digitalization has become necessary for the Indian public sector and markets in the present scenario. The Digital India initiatives have transformed Indian market into a digitally empowered knowledge economy. It is a scheme of the Indian Government to assimilate the various public sectors and the people of India. It seeks to provide Government services to the citizens of India in online format than paperwork. The aims of this study consist validation of a framework for assessing the associations among HRM policies and digitalization of the public sector enterprises in India.
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Stallings, Steven L. A. "Research Note: The Emergence of American Indian Enterprise." Family Business Review 5, no. 4 (1992): 413–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.1992.00413.x.
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We are in the early stages of what may become a dramatic transformation in economic development among Native Americans. Tribal enterprises, individual entrepreneurs, and reservation economic development corporations are beginning to attract and generate new capital and to offer hope of greater economic independence and prosperity for this sector of our society. This note presents an introduction to the characteristics of entrepreneurship and family enterprise in the Native American population.
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T., Sajna. "Indian Pharma—Some Challenges and Acceptances." Management Insight - The Journal of Incisive Analysers 16, no. 01 (2020): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21844/mijia.16.1.7.
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Business enterprises are an important organ of society. The impact of a business enterprise’s motive will directly affect society, which includes environment, consumers, employees, suppliers, and other stakeholders. Big pharma companies face a huge drop in revenue from blockbuster drugs coming off patent. Without generating revenues through sales, these companies will struggle to fund the development of new life-saving drugs. Artificial intelligence (AI) can be a powerful tool in the pharmaceutical industry’s research and development. So with the help of modern technologies, pharmaceutical companies should aim for quality but cheap products for common people and serve society better.
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Maurya, Prateeksha, and Pratap Chandra Mohanty. "What restricts credit to women enterprises? Evidence from India’s informal sector." International Journal of Social Economics 46, no. 7 (2019): 920–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-08-2018-0422.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the factors which affect the financial access of the female-owned informal enterprises (FOIEs) in India. There has been a dearth of studies particularly targeting determinants of credit access by the women-owned informal enterprises. Demand side factors affecting financial access have been studied. The study of major factors affecting access to credit by unorganized women enterprises will be useful for policy making perspectives. Design/methodology/approach The study uses nationalized micro data set on the non-agricultural informal enterprises and probit estimation has been used to identify the factors which affect the probabilities of access to credit for the FOIEs. Findings The study highlights what facilitates and hinders the financial access for the FOIEs particularly in India. These enterprises in rural areas have better chances to avail credit from formal sources. Firm size, measured by policy-making size of employment and gross profit, involvement in diversified activities, maintenance of accounting record, has positive and significant impact on access to formal credit. The younger firms and the firms operating in the southern states of the country have higher probabilities to avail credit from institutional sources. Originality/value The study used the latest data set available on Indian informal enterprises, thus provides important insights about the status of financing of enterprises in India. This study highlights the regional variations and gender disparities that are prevalent in the Indian economy.
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Sankar, T. L., R. K. Mishra, and A. Lateef Syed Mohammed. "Divestments in Public Enterprises: The Indian Experience." International Journal of Public Sector Management 7, no. 2 (1994): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09513559410055242.
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Charutha, S., M. Gopal Krishna, and P. Manimaran. "Multifractal analysis of Indian public sector enterprises." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 557 (November 2020): 124881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2020.124881.
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Yadav, Rohit, and Tripti Mahara. "Factors Affecting E-Commerce Adoption by Handicraft SMEs of India." Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations 17, no. 4 (2019): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jeco.2019100104.
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This study empirically investigates the factors affecting e-commerce adoption by small and medium-size enterprises producing handicrafts in India. The study is motivated by the fact, that even though the handicraft sector plays a vital role in the Indian economy in terms of exports and employment, it has not adopted e-commerce as one of the prominent sales channels. Survival in this new economy requires handicraft organizations to learn and adopt new technologies. Those who cannot or do not adopt this new business practice will become obsolete and will be left behind. This study proposes and utilizes technological, organizational, environmental and strategy model based on TOE (Technology, Organization and Environment) model. From a survey of 163 Indian small and medium-size enterprises, findings reveal that awareness, human resources, strategy and market forces e-readiness are the prime influencing constructs towards adoption of e-commerce by Indian small and medium-size enterprises.
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Suyono, Joko, Agus Sukoco, Muhammad Ikhsan Setiawan, et al. "Medium Enterprises, Campus Infrastructure Development with Private Partnership." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.6 (2018): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.6.17486.
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Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ensuring inclusive and equitable quality of education and enhancing lifelong learning opportunities for all. Program Indonesia Pintar through the implementation of 12 Year Compulsory Education in the RPJMN 2015-2019 of which is increasing the number of educational participation with a target of 2019 APK of Higher Education of 36.7 percent. USA private fundraising for higher education are in Harvard, Stanford, Princeton, Texas, Massachusetts, Columbia, Pennsylvania, Texas, Northwestern, California, Chicago, Notre Dame, Duke, Cornell, Virginia, Yale, Washington and Emory. USA private fundraising for higher education are used for scholarships, especially for most outstanding students. USA private fundraising for higher education are used for library development, research in universities and other developments related. The use of funds makes USA higher education more sustainable. In 2012, the growing of private universities in India more strengthen, this is seen in the data of universities in India, which provide scholarships are 12,748 universities, but 9,541 university granting students in Indian universities is a private university. This has an impact on increasing access to private universities, with 64% of universities in India, is a private university, this is supported by private university admission applicants in India which accounted for 59% of total applicants of Indian universities. Narotama University in 2016 manages five faculties with 3,096 students and 112 lecturers. Private Partnership strategy includes Banks, and Private partners. Narotama Tower construction cost IDR 170 billion, 3 years construction, and will generate revenues of IDR 250 billion. Therefore, this strategy completes Narotama's development action besides financial analysis, planning and budgeting, performance reporting, cost accounting.
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Aneesh, Akkineni, K. Mahendran, A. Rohini, D. Suresh Kumar, and M. R. Duraiswamy. "Micro Food Processing Enterprises of Andhra Pradesh: Growth Opportunities Using the PEST Analysis." Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology 41, no. 7 (2023): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2023/v41i71939.
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Aims: This study aims to use PEST analysis to comprehend the strategies implemented by micro food processing enterprises in Andhra Pradesh, India, with regard to political, economic, social, and technological factors to provide an overview of their growth potential.
 Study Design: This study is designed as an observational study, utilizing both secondary and primary data.
 Methodology: The study uses PEST analysis, which is a framework used to analyze and understand the external macro-environmental factors that affect an organization. Secondary data was obtained from the Andhra Pradesh Food Processing Society (APFPS), while primary data was collected from micro food processing enterprises in Andhra Pradesh.
 Results: Based on the study's observations, it was found that the state government of Andhra Pradesh provides a favorable and friendly environment for initiating an enterprise by providing subsidies and incentives. Additionally, micro food processing enterprises adopt specific strategies to sustain competition. Andhra Pradesh was found to be the top South Indian state in net value-added products.
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Ali, Jabir, Michael R. Reed, and Sayed H. Saghaian. "Determinants of product innovation in food and agribusiness small and medium enterprises: evidence from enterprise survey data of India." International Food and Agribusiness Management Review 24, no. 5 (2021): 777–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2019.0210.
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This paper analyzes the nature and determinants of product innovation for food and agribusiness firms in India. The study is based on the World Bank’s Enterprise Survey and the India Innovation Follow-up Survey from 2014. These surveys included 294 Indian food and agribusiness firms operating in different regions of the country. Simple statistical tools, such as chi-square test and logistic regression, are used for analyzing the raw data. It is evident from the analysis that there is a significant difference in the adoption of product innovations across enterprise sizes. Product innovation is more prominent in large enterprises than small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs). Results of regression analysis indicate that product innovation in SMEs is more likely to be influenced by a variety of internal, collaborative, and external factors. The findings of the study suggest that SMEs should diversify their product innovations to include new inputs, improved product features, and enhanced technologies to strengthen their place in the market. This research is valuable because there is limited evidence on the nature and determinants of product innovation in food and agribusiness SMEs of emerging economies like India.
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Jadeja, Dr Abhijeetsinh, and Jaimini Kulkarni. "Applicability of ERP in Indian Small and Medium Enterprises." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Special Issue, Special Issue-ICDEBI2018 (2018): 258–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd18718.
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Ali, Jabir. "Performance of small and medium-sized food and agribusiness enterprises: evidence from Indian firms." International Food and Agribusiness Management Review 19, no. 4 (2016): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2016.0024.
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This paper analyses the size of food and agribusiness firms in India in relationship to business enterprise characteristics, performance, and obstacles through surveying 515 food and agribusiness firms operating in different regions of India using the World Bank's Enterprise Survey 2014. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests and analysis of variance were used to evaluate data using statistical software. Chi-square statistics identify significant differences in enterprise characteristics through examining firm size, location, gender ownership, type and age. An analysis of variance indicates significant differences in business performance across small, medium and large enterprises in term of input and output ratios. Obstacles facing firms are largely similar regardless of firm size in eleven of the sixteen business-obstacles surveyed. Results reveal that large enterprises perceive more challenges with telecommunication services, customs, trade regulations, and corruption, while small and medium firms face greater constraints gaining access to land and finance. This study is useful in helping to design policies that can efficiently support small and medium food and agribusiness enterprise development.
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S.N., Rajesh Raj, and Kunal Sen. "Does Institutional Quality Matter for Firm Performance? Evidence from India." South Asia Economic Journal 18, no. 2 (2017): 184–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1391561417713126.
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How does institutional quality affect firm performance? We examine the effect of various measures of institutions on firm productivity, using a rich micro level data on manufacturing enterprises in India drawn from the Enterprise Surveys of the World Bank. Our results suggest that bureaucratic corruption negatively influences firm productivity. In contrast, other institutional variables seem to have less influence on firm performance. This suggests that the focus of the Indian government needs to be redirected to address the corrupt practices at various levels rather than focusing just on improving the measures of doing business.
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Sarmah, Bijoylaxmi, Shreekant Sharma, and Shivam Gupta. "Antecedents of e-business adoption intention: an empirical study." International Journal of Innovation Science 9, no. 4 (2017): 417–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijis-05-2017-0048.
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Purpose Recent advances in information and communication technologies has driven emergence and expansion of the internet with decreased computing and communication costs and paved the way for exploring, creating and delivering value to the stakeholders through e-business adoption by the hotel service providers. Keeping this context in mind, this study aims to develop a conceptual model to investigate the antecedent factors of e-business adoption intention among the owners/managers of Indian micro, small and medium hotel enterprises and empirically validates it. Design/methodology/approach Data were gathered from micro, small and medium hotel owners/managers with the help online survey method that resulted into 116 usable questionnaires. Structural equation modeling technique was applied to examine the appropriateness of the hypotheses. Findings Findings reveal that attitude toward e-business, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control positively influences e-business adoption intention among the owners/managers of micro, small and medium hotel enterprises in India. Research limitations/implications The context of this study is micro, small and medium hotel enterprises in India only and thereby limits the generalizability of results to other industry and country context. Practical implications This study offers theoretical and managerial implications to be applied by academicians and micro, small and medium enterprise owners/managers for e-business adoption in Indian hotel industry. Originality value This study can be considered as an extension of the study of Crespo and del Bosque (2008) in which they applied the theory of planned behavior to understand the psychological factors that determine e-business adoption among the managers and, thereby, contribute the existing literature, as empirical studies on e-business adoption intention by micro, small and medium hotel enterprises are scantly available.
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Maltseva, Olesya A., and Evgeny D. Druzhkin. "Prospects of Indian direct investments in Russian economy." RUDN Journal of Economics 28, no. 2 (2020): 254–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2329-2020-28-2-254-272.
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The article examines major trends and prospects regarding the Indian direct investment in the economy of the Russian Federation. The authors comprehensively analyze key factors, the scale, regional and sectoral composition of the Indian direct investment in the Russian economy, scrutinize the evolution of sectoral and regional composition of the Indian FDI, as well as define main challenges and obstacles that investors from India face in Russia and identify medium-term prospects for the Indian capital in the Russian Federation. The research shows that in the current circumstances the significance of the Indian capital in form of direct investment for Russia is substantially growing; its regional presence is steadily increasing; the sectoral diversification of the Indian investment is intensifying. The important indicator in this case is the quality of the Indian capital, its gradually increasing high-technology component. Not only the scale of the Indian direct investment in the Russian economy is changing, but also there is the rise in number of companies investing in Russia. At the same time, if in the early 2000s those companies were mainly large Indian MNCs, nowadays there is an increased interest in Russia among small and medium-sized high-technology enterprises of India that promote innovative development of the Russian regions. Of utmost importance is the fact that the Indian capital is also invested in small-scale industry, promoting upgrade of technological equipment of small and medium-sized enterprises in Russia. These noticeable changes in the Indian capital movement will substantially contribute to enhanced economic cooperation between the two countries.
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Mehrotra, Sonia, and Smriti Verma. "An assessment approach for enhancing the organizational performance of social enterprises in India." Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies 7, no. 1 (2015): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeee-07-2014-0023.
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Purpose – This paper aims to analyze the activities of Indian social enterprises, identify the reasons/causes for their shortcomings and suggest a networked model of donor and beneficiary pool so as to enhance the performance efficiencies of these social enterprises to result in a larger social development impact. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and social ventures together termed as social enterprises are perceived to be a panacea for all kinds of development in the social sector in the underdeveloped economies. In the past decade, the social enterprises in India have mushroomed and yet the sanctity of their operations and ability to deliver to expectations is questionable. Design/methodology/approach – The research design for pilot study was exploratory followed by descriptive design for the full study. The research adopted a two-phase approach. In Phase I, a loosely structured interview schedule was used to collate the insights from the social enterprises, developed as a survey questionnaire and administered to a sample of 300 social enterprises in Phase II. The part A of the questionnaire had 25 statements to evaluate the criticality of issues faced by social enterprises on a scale of 1-4. The part B of the questionnaire was designed to evaluate the level to which the social enterprises are adjudging themselves to have achieved on the various issues on a scale of 1-4. Out of the total, 236 valid questionnaires as received were analyzed. Findings – The findings of the research indicate six factors under which the major activities of NGOs can be classified. The factors in their order of importance are establishing strategic and operational capabilities, workforce management, establishing functional scaling up, identifying and fulfilling beneficiary pool, identifying and fulfilling donor pool and promotional efforts. A cluster analysis resulted in three clusters, and the criticality of the identified factors under each of the clusters was evaluated. A second-order factor analysis resulted in two dimensions of survival facets and growth facets, wherein a solution for each of the components has been suggested. Research limitations/implications – The results of the study suggest a prototype model with the three operational pillars of the social enterprise as workforce, donor pool and beneficiary pool. The operational execution of this model can help the social enterprises achieve synergistic working as well as enhance the social development. The limitation of the study is the suggestive nature of the model which needs to be executed for duration of time to gauge its effectiveness. Based on the observations of the implemented model, in future research, a final model could be evolved for implementation. Practical implications – The outcome of this study is a networked model which could be implemented as a pilot project in one of the regions of the country and later improved based on the recorded observations for implementation across the country. Social implications – This research has been carried out on the social enterprises operating in the Indian subcontinent, so as to provide solutions for a systemic change across the social enterprises’ operations and make them capable of producing larger reach and developmental impact. Originality/value – The study is a unique attempt in itself for the Indian subcontinent. No study in the past identifies and maps the activities of the Indian social enterprises under major heads and their ability to perform them effectively. The mapping of social enterprises' activities allows for a discussion platform for the social sector experts to assimilate and synergize the efforts of these enterprises in a wired networked. The resultant model of this study can be implemented and evaluated to prove its worthiness. The effort has been to offer best practices and organized solutions to the unorganized sector of Indian social enterprises.
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Ghosh, Sudipta, and P. S. Aithal. "Trends in Disinvestment of Government’s Equity: An Explicatory Study of Public Sector Enterprises in India." Revista Review Index Journal of Multidisciplinary 2, no. 3 (2022): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm2022.v02.n03.001.
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A Public Sector Enterprise (PSE) is an enterprise which is owned and proscribed by the Local, or State or Central Govt. In a civic enterprise, the investment is either entirely or partially made by the Govt. Under PSEs, the Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs) occupy an important position in the economy. They were set up to achieve fiscal development, self-support in manufacturing, intemperance equilibrium of expenditure, and controlling the deflationary and inflationary trends. These macro-economic objectives are taken as an instrument for structural change of the nation with equality and social fairness. Disinvestment is a process in which the Govt. equity fund is introverted either in fraction or in totality. The Govt. of India introduced the process of disinvesting its equity shares in Indian PSEs in the fiscal year 1991-92. The prime tenet at the back of disinvestment is to boost prosperity, endorse public partaking at wider scale and to bring improved market answerability. In this backdrop, the present study is an attempt to analyze the trends in disinvestment of Government’s equity in Indian PSEs during the period 1991-92 to 2019-20. For this purpose, secondary information has been sourced from the available yearly reports of the Public Enterprises Survey, Govt. of India. Overall, a low level of disinvestment is observed during the initial years (i.e., up to 2008-09). Thereafter, more or less an increasing trend is observed in actual disinvestment as compared to actual disinvestment in the earlier years. The real proceeds from disinvestment have fluctuated at certain point of time during the period under study. Furthermore, actual receipts from disinvestment are less than that of the budgeted receipts in most of the years under study.
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Kumar, Chaitan, and M. Momocha Singh. "Non-communicable disease prevention through social entrepreneurship approaches." IP Journal of Nutrition, Metabolism and Health Science 6, no. 2 (2023): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijnmhs.2023.011.
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Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs) accounts approx 74 % global deaths and approx 66 % deaths in India are estimated due to NCDs. NCDs like- Cancers, Diabetes, and Chronic respiratory diseases not only causes health challenges but pushes population in into poverty due high cost of treatment through out of pocket expenditures. The study mainly aimed to analyze ongoing situation and to find key challenges of NCD services. We aimed how Social enterprises can contribute to fill these gaps through innovative and affordable approaches especially to remote rural area.The Study is based on secondary sources. National Health Policy 2017, Digital Health Mission, WHO data and Similar study reports were consulted to find the field level implementation by Social Enterprise and their analysis on the subject.There are supply side and demand gaps of services through Public health system and highly costing private providers. Rural India is suffering the most, as Health facilities to cater 70 % Indian are still a big challenge. Social Enterprises has created evidences for affordable solutions. Role of technology for Social Enterprises to serves the masses for NCD prevention and treatments has been seen as future demand.
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Yadav, Neetu, Sushil, and Mahim Sagar. "Modeling strategic performance management of automobile manufacturing enterprises." Journal of Modelling in Management 10, no. 2 (2015): 198–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jm2-12-2012-0041.
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Purpose – This paper aims to present strategic performance management modeling of the Indian automobile manufacturing enterprises. This will help to understand the hierarchical structure and linkages of different strategic factors related to enterprise performance in a better way. Automobile manufacturing industry is one of the top industries in India. It is of paramount importance to identify the strategic factors and their linkages to understand the strategic performance management issues better. Design/methodology/approach – Flexible strategy game-card, an evolving performance management framework, has been taken as the basis for the development of a strategic performance management model. Thematic content analysis is used to analyze semi-structured interviews and for identifying strategic factors related to performance. Total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) is used to develop the hierarchical structure of these performance strategic factors. Case-lets and statistical analysis are used to further validate these models. Findings – The study proposes a strategic performance management model for Indian automobile enterprises that can be considered as a conceptual framework which helps to identify the leading and lagging factors of performance. This can be considered as an exploratory study for conceptualization and can be further validated through empirical testing. Research limitations/implications – The research methodology adopted here gives a guideline to researchers for conducting an exploratory study where they can identify the factors/variables of interest through semi-structured interviews and thematic content analysis. The TISM helps to develop the poorly articulated mental model in a well-structured hierarchical form, which would help to get more insights in relation to performance. Originality/value – The study fills the gaps by addressing the issue of performance in the Indian context by identifying strategic performance factors for automobile enterprises. There is an attempt to demonstrate the application of an evolving performance management framework, i.e. flexible strategy game-card. The methodological rigor and application of mixed methods adds value to the knowledge base by providing a mechanism to conduct an exploratory study for the area of interest.
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Yadav, Ramanand. "Survey of Problems and Prospects of Implementing Total Quality Management In Medium-Scale Enterprises: A Study Based on 80 North Indian Medium Enterprises." Paradigm 11, no. 2 (2007): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971890720070210.
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Implementing Total Quality Management in medium-scale enterprises is a process of initiating excellent quality practices enabling them to differentiate from competitors' practices. Like in many other countries, the medium enterprises in India are also taking various steps to delight their customers, in which, Total Quality Management (TQM) is one. The primary objective of this study is to pinpoint the problems that may hinder the process of smooth adoption of TQM in a medium-scale enterprise. Simultaneously, the study also highlights the ways through which prospects of adopting TQM in these enterprises can be enhanced. Significantly, the study resulted in highlighting the factors by which familiarity among management, staff, and employees about quality practices can be enhanced. The study also highlights the factors of TQM integration and measures of quality improvement, which can be helpful in enhancing the prospects of adopting TQM in these enterprises. However, the univariate analysis helped to conclude that TQM can be implemented in any type of medium enterprise irrespective of the type, sector, and functional orientation. However, because of their nature of operation, medium enterprises in public and private sectors require different type of measures for integrating TQM into their systems.
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Bhatnagar, Ankur. "Analysis of India’s Non-State-Owned Enterprise Investments in Africa: An Empirical Approach." Africa Insight 51, no. 1 (2023): 83–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ai.v51i1.6.
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This paper focuses on Indian foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to Africa for the period 2008 to 2018, amidst increasing state efforts to improve Indo- African economic ties. This study pioneers the segregation of investments led by state-owned enterprises (SOEs) from non-SOEs in an empirical analysis. The motivation is rooted in the scarcity of empirical evidence of Indian FDI in Africa, particularly by non-SOEs. The random effects model was applied on the panel data for 2008-18 to highlight the significant causative effect of country alliances, gross domestic product (GDP) and net overseas development assistance of host countries in attracting greater FDI from Indian enterprises. The effect of corruption levels remains less clear in a statistical sense. These results could inform the political and economic policies of African host countries that seek financial and technical support from India.
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Basu, Rana, and Dhrubes Biswas. "An Approach to Identify Failure Factors of Enterprise Application Implementation in Indian Micro Enterprises." International Journal of Managing Value and Supply Chains 4, no. 1 (2013): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijmvsc.2013.4104.
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Farooq, Omar, and Angie Abdel Zaher. "Ownership Structure and Tax Avoidance: Evidence from Indian SMEs." Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 23, no. 02 (2020): 2050012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219091520500125.
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The paper examines the relationship between ownership concentrations and tax avoidance for small–medium enterprises (SMEs) in India. With a panel dataset built from small- and medium-sized enterprise surveys over the period between 2013 and 2014, we find that SMEs with concentrated ownership have a negative association with tax avoidance. The result is more pronounced for SMEs headquartered in states/provinces with stronger economic and institutional environment. The results also indicate that for any two SMEs with similar levels of ownership concentration, the SME with higher capital needs is more likely to avoid taxes.
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Mishra, R. K., Shulagna Sarkar, and J. Kiranmai. "Green HRM: innovative approach in Indian public enterprises." World Review of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development 11, no. 1 (2014): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/wrstsd.2014.062374.
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Kumar, Sanjeev, Somnath Chattopadhyaya, and Vinay Sharma. "Developing green supply chain system for Indian enterprises." International Journal of Business Excellence 6, no. 3 (2013): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbex.2013.053610.
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Goyal, D. P. "Information systems planning practices in Indian public enterprises." Information Management & Computer Security 15, no. 3 (2007): 201–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09685220710759540.
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Ahmad, Mohammed Izhar. "Unorganized Muslim manufacturing enterprises in an Indian city." Institute of Muslim Minority Affairs. Journal 7, no. 1 (1986): 261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13602008608715979.
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Chaudhuri, Shekhar, and Pradip N. Khandwalla. "Issues in the internationalization of Indian public enterprises." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 10, no. 2 (1985): 151–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090919850207.
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Several public enterprises (PEs) from the developing countries are internationalizing their operations, with a few even turning -into multinational corporations. The paper presents evidence from an exploratory study of 36 Indian PEs on their internationalization orientation, and discusses the motives as well as factors facilitating and inhibiting it. The organizational design appropriate for internationalization and some issues in the management of internationalization of PEs are discussed. It notes the potential opportunities and threats internationalizing PEs may pose to MNCs from developed countries and public policy issues pertaining to PE internationalization.
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Afza, Mainuddin. "Superior-Subordinate Relationships and Satisfaction in Indian Small Business Enterprises." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 30, no. 3 (2005): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920050302.
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This paper has used the hierarchy-based power system by French and Raven (1959) for researching the motivational potential in small business manufacturing enterprises. Studies in this area have been conducted but most of them are in the US, a country that is characterized by favourable demographic and other infrastructural environmental factors. However, this study used data from small business enterprises in India which is a fast developing economy though it does not yet have the logistics and the techno-economic infrastructure like the one in the US. One primary objective of this study was to see if the findings from an emerging economy are different from those of developed countries. Another objective was to get insights into the hierarchical motivation dynamics in the Indian enterprises. Indian environment is different from the US' in two important respects: the existence of high power-distance in the organizational hierarchies (as opposed to low power-distance in the US), and the market life cycle driven maturity level of Michel Porter's (1985) industry forces. The ultimate objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between bases of leader power and several criterion variables such as commitment, satisfaction, intent to leave, and compliance. Some of the findings of the study are as follows: The power bases are influential predictors in the US, a society that is characterized by high level of individualistic materialism, low power-distance, and strong entrepreneurial mental behaviour. In India, the power bases are likely to be even more influential because of the society's unique socio-cultural characteristics. India's social environment is high on power-distance that commands loyalty and possibly accountability in small business sector. The influence of Confucian philosophy and Gandhi's values are likely factors that differentiate India's culture base from that of the US. The results of this study are quite consistent with many of the findings of more recent studies done in the US. There were some differences between the findings of the present and other recent studies which may be attributed to the type of professionals who participated in this study and the socio-economic and power-distance driven cultural differences between the US and India. One important limitation of the present study is that the relationships discussed are correlational, not causal. Experimental studies are needed to investigate causal links between the bases of leader power and criterion variables. Moreover, further studies of superior-subordinate relationships and their effects on motivation and compliance using India's culture factors are needed to determine the relevance and applicability of US-based studies in India.
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Badola, Shivani, and Sacchidananda Mukherjee. "ICT Adoption and VAT Registration among Unincorporated Enterprises in India: Analysis of Unit-Level Data." Review of Development and Change 26, no. 2 (2021): 153–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09722661211064411.
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Introduction of Goods and Services Tax (GST) has resulted in harmonisation of tax compliance system in India. In the new tax regime, tax compliance system has completely moved to online (digital) platforms. Given the inequality in access to digital platform or adoption of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) among marginal, small and medium enterprises in India, tax compliance may not improve in the GST regime. In a developing country like India where majority of unincorporated enterprises are in the informal sector, staying outside the formal network may restrict their economic prospects. It is worthwhile to study the relationship between access to ICT and tax (VAT) registration among unincorporated enterprises in India. Based on unit-level data of the 73rd round NSS survey, this study explores factors influencing the decision of unincorporated enterprises to take VAT/Sales Tax registration across the Indian states. The results show that adoption of ICT in terms of using internet and computers positively influence tax registration. Policy suggestions of the study may help to expand the tax base of GST by bringing informal enterprises under the tax net.
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Kuldeep, Singh, and Madhvendra Misra. "Financial determinants of cash holding levels: An analysis of Indian agricultural enterprises." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 65, No. 5 (2019): 240–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/240/2018-agricecon.
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A significant number of studies have been conducted on the determinants of cash holding levels for different corporates. However, no such study has been witnessed so far on the agricultural enterprises. In this study, we examine the determinants of the cash-holding levels for the Indian agrarian enterprises during 1995–2016 period. With the help of weighted least-squares (WLS) regression analysis, we find evidence that the Indian agro-enterprises with greater lucrative opportunities tend to hold less cash. On the other side, we found that large agro-enterprises tend to hold some other mode of liquid assets rather than cash. The firms with higher capital expenditure and distributing profits as a dividend were shown to hold more cash. In our analysis, we find supportive evidence of the static trade-off theory of cash holding. In general, transaction motives and precautionary motives also play an important role in explaining the determinants of cash holding levels for Indian agrarian enterprises.
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Antonites, Alex, and Thiloshini Govindasamy. "Critical success factors of Indian Entrepreneurs." Southern African Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management 6, no. 1 (2013): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajesbm.v6i1.36.
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<p>This research seeks to explore the critical success factors that influence the success of Indian small business owners in the largest metropolitan area in South Africa. To achieve this, the objective of the study was to confirm whether there are significant differences between a successful and less successful group of business owners in terms of general management skills, personal characteristics, and entrepreneurial orientation and financing of the business. Through analysing secondary evidence and empirical results it was possible to facilitate a better understanding of how Indian entrepreneurs operating in small and medium enterprises sustain success, thus contributing to the body of knowledge relating to entrepreneurship development in the domain of entrepreneurship. From the literature it became clear that cultural dimensions have an impact on the entrepreneurial process. The arrival of Indians in South Africa has contributed to a unique Indian culture. The characteristics that describe ethnic entrepreneurs and success factors attributed to their success are described. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are crucial for the development of any country as they offer benefits of economic growth and employment generation. The success factors to sustain SMEs are also described. The findings of the study indicate that there are no significant differences between the comparable groups in relation to management skills and finance factors. There are, however, significant differences relating to personal factors, such as the level of education, family support and experience. Finally, an important learning is that the Indian entrepreneurs in this study are similar to ethnic entrepreneurs reviewed in literature. The study was conducted in Tshwane, the largest metropolitan area in South Africa, and amongst the largest in the world.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Culture, ethnic entrepreneurship, Indian entrepreneurship, critical success factors, small and medium enterprises (SMEs), successful SMEs.</p>
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Kumar Das, Santanu. "INDIAN CORPORATE FINANCIAL REPORTING SYSTEM: A STUDY ON THE CASH FLOWS OF SELECTED PRIVATE ENTERPRISES." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 4, no. 1 (2016): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i1.2016.2840.
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Corporate financial reporting plays an important role in growing phenomenon of Privatization. The present study is based on the reports of Private Enterprises for three years. Findings revealed that the companies were presenting their annual reports. A privately owned enterprise refers to a commercial enterprise that is owned by private investors, shareholders or owners. The recent trend in financial reporting includes presentation and discloser of accounting aspect, corporate governance, corporate social responsibility and narrative reporting. The present paper will examine the cash flow statements of Maharastra Scooters Ltd., Tata Chemicals Ltd. and TVS Srichakra. In corporate financial reporting cash flow statement tells us the net cash flow activities, particularly its operating, investing and financial activities. These indications are helpful to analyze cash flow. This explains the sources and applications of liquidity of company. Keeping the importance of financial reporting in modern world the present paper attempts to analyzed and evaluate the financial reporting system in some selected units of private enterprises in India.