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Journal articles on the topic 'Indian Ocean Gyre'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Molinari, John, and David Vollaro. "A Subtropical Cyclonic Gyre Associated with Interactions of the MJO and the Midlatitude Jet." Monthly Weather Review 140, no. 2 (2012): 343–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-11-00049.1.

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This paper describes a large cyclonic gyre that lasted several days in the northwest Pacific during July 1988. Cyclonic winds at 850 hPa extended beyond the 2000-km radius with a radius of maximum winds of 700–800 km. The gyre exhibited clear skies within and north of its center. Active convection extended 4000 km in longitude to its south. The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) was in its active phase in the Indian Ocean prior to gyre formation. Consistent with earlier studies, diabatic heating in the MJO was associated with an anomalous upper-tropospheric westerly jet over the northeast Asian c

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2

BEHERA, S. K., and P. S. SALVEKAR. "A numerical modelling study of the interannual variability in the Indian Ocean." MAUSAM 46, no. 4 (2022): 409–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v46i4.3325.

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A simple reductA1 gravity wind-driven ocean circulation model is used to study the interannual variability in the upper layer of the Indian Ocean (24°S-23°N and 3S°E-IIS0E). The monthly mean wind stress for the period 1977-1986 are used as a forcing in the model. The model reproduces most of the observed features of the annual cycle of the upper layer circulation in the Indian Ocean when was forced with the ten-year average monthly mean wind. The circulation features and the model upper layer thickness show considerable interannual variability in most part of the basin; in particular, the Soma

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3

Davis, Russ E. "Intermediate-Depth Circulation of the Indian and South Pacific Oceans Measured by Autonomous Floats." Journal of Physical Oceanography 35, no. 5 (2005): 683–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo2702.1.

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Abstract As part of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment, 306 autonomous floats were deployed in the tropical and South Pacific Ocean and 228 were deployed in the Indian Ocean to observe the basinwide circulation near 900-m depth. Mean velocities, seasonal variability, and lateral eddy diffusivity from the resultant 2583 float-years of data are presented. Area averages, local function fits, and a novel application of objective mapping are used to estimate the mean circulation. Patterns of mean circulation resemble those at the surface in both basins. Well-developed subtropical gyres, twice a

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4

Karstensen, Johannes, and Detlef Quadfasel. "Water subducted into the Indian Ocean subtropical gyre." Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 49, no. 7-8 (2002): 1441–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-0645(01)00160-6.

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5

Palastanga, V., H. A. Dijkstra, and W. P. M. de Ruijter. "Inertially Induced Connections between Subgyres in the South Indian Ocean." Journal of Physical Oceanography 39, no. 2 (2009): 465–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jpo3872.1.

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Abstract A barotropic shallow-water model and continuation techniques are used to investigate steady solutions in an idealized South Indian Ocean basin containing Madagascar. The aim is to study the role of inertia in a possible connection between two subgyres in the South Indian Ocean. By increasing inertial effects in the model, two different circulation regimes are found. In the weakly nonlinear regime, the subtropical gyre presents a recirculation cell in the southwestern basin, with two boundary currents flowing westward from the southern and northern tips of Madagascar toward Africa. In

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6

Pattiaratchi, Charitha, Mirjam van der Mheen, Cathleen Schlundt, et al. "Plastics in the Indian Ocean – sources, transport, distribution, and impacts." Ocean Science 18, no. 1 (2022): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-18-1-2022.

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Abstract. Plastic debris is the most common and exponentially increasing human pollutant in the world's ocean. The distribution and impact of plastic in the Pacific and Atlantic oceans have been the subject of many publications but not so the Indian Ocean (IO). Some of the IO rim countries have the highest population densities globally and mismanagement of plastic waste is of concern in many of these rim states. Some of the most plastic-polluted rivers empty into the IO, with all this suggesting that the IO receives a tremendous amount of plastic debris each year. However, the concentration, d

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7

Vozchikov, Lev M., and Lab Selena. "Experimental Drift Mapping of Indian Ocean Gyre Aircraft Debris." Open Journal of Applied Sciences 06, no. 02 (2016): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojapps.2016.62010.

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8

Scussolini, P., and E. van Sebille. "Paleo Agulhas rings enter the subtropical gyre during the penultimate deglaciation." Climate of the Past Discussions 9, no. 2 (2013): 2095–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-9-2095-2013.

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Abstract. A maximum in the strength of Agulhas Leakage has been registered at the interface between Indian and South Atlantic oceans during glacial Termination II (T II), presumably transporting the salt and heat necessary to maintain the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) at rates similar to the present day. However, it was never shown whether these were effectively incorporated in the South Atlantic gyre, or whether they retroflected into the Indian and/or Southern Oceans. To solve this question, we investigate the presence of paleo Agulhas rings from a sediment core on the c

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9

Lambert, Erwin, Dewi Le Bars, and Wilhelmus P. M. de Ruijter. "The connection of the Indonesian Throughflow, South Indian Ocean Countercurrent and the Leeuwin Current." Ocean Science 12, no. 3 (2016): 771–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-12-771-2016.

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Abstract. East of Madagascar, the shallow “South Indian Ocean Counter Current (SICC)” flows from west to east across the Indian Ocean against the direction of the wind-driven circulation. The SICC impinges on west Australia and enhances the sea level slope, strengthening the alongshore coastal jet: the Leeuwin Current (LC), which flows poleward along Australia. An observed transport maximum of the LC around 22° S can likely be attributed to this impingement of the SICC. The LC is often described as a regional coastal current that is forced by an offshore meridional density gradient or sea surf

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10

Wang, Jinbo, Matthew R. Mazloff, and Sarah T. Gille. "The Effect of the Kerguelen Plateau on the Ocean Circulation." Journal of Physical Oceanography 46, no. 11 (2016): 3385–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-15-0216.1.

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AbstractThe Kerguelen Plateau is a major topographic feature in the Southern Ocean. Located in the Indian sector and spanning nearly 2000 km in the meridional direction from the polar to the subantarctic region, it deflects the eastward-flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current and influences the physical circulation and biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean. The Kerguelen Plateau is known to govern the local dynamics, but its impact on the large-scale ocean circulation has not been explored. By comparing global ocean numerical simulations with and without the Kerguelen Plateau, this study identif

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11

Pinault, Jean-Louis. "Weakening of the Geostrophic Component of the Gulf Stream: A Positive Feedback Loop on the Melting of the Arctic Ice Sheet." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 9 (2023): 1689. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11091689.

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The North Atlantic gyre experiences both a significant temperature rise at high latitudes and a considerable weakening of the geostrophic component of the Gulf Stream, which is reflected by the 64-year fundamental gyral Rossby wave (GRW). This singular behavior compared to the South Atlantic and South Indian Ocean gyres highlights a feedback loop of Arctic ice sheet melting on mid-latitude Atlantic Ocean temperature. The warming of the northern oceanic gyre at high latitudes due to the retreat of Arctic ice sheet via the Labrador Current decreases the thermal gradient between the high and low

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12

Bard, Edouard, Maurice Arnold, J. R. Toggweiler, Pierre Maurice, and Jean-Claude Duplessy. "Bomb 14C in the Indian Ocean Measured by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry: Oceanographic Implications." Radiocarbon 31, no. 03 (1989): 510–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200012108.

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AMS 14C measurements on samples collected in the tropical-equatorial Indian Ocean during the INDIGO program (leg II, 1986) are presented and compared with β-counting results obtained under both INDIGO program and GEOSECS expedition in the Indian Ocean (1978). The most significant observation is a doubling of the bomb-14C inventory and mean penetration depth in the equatorial zone. Based on hydrologic considerations, two hypotheses can be proposed: 1) direct influx of Pacific mid-latitude waters through the Indonesian archipelago and 2) advection and/or mixing with Mode Water from the southern

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13

Tsubouchi, T., T. Suga, and K. Hanawa. "Indian Ocean subtropical mode water: its water characteristics and spatial distribution." Ocean Science Discussions 6, no. 1 (2009): 723–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-6-723-2009.

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Abstract. We examined Indian Ocean Subtropical Mode Water (IOSTMW) and described its characteristics using an isopycnally averaged three-dimensional hydrographic dataset. Through careful examination of the spatial distribution and water characteristics of the core in the layer of minimum vertical temperature gradient, we concluded that the IOSTMW exists as a robust structure in the western part of the Indian Ocean subtropical gyre in summer. The averaged IOSTMW properties during approximately 1960–2004 were 16.54±0.49°C, 35.51±0.04 psu, and 26.0±0.1 σθ. The IOSTMW distribution area was 27–38°

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14

Harms, Natalie C., Niko Lahajnar, Birgit Gaye, et al. "Nutrient distribution and nitrogen and oxygen isotopic composition of nitrate in water masses of the subtropical southern Indian Ocean." Biogeosciences 16, no. 13 (2019): 2715–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-2715-2019.

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Abstract. The Indian Ocean subtropical gyre (IOSG) is one of five extensive subtropical gyres in the world's ocean. In contrast to those of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, the IOSG has been sparsely studied. We investigate the water mass distributions based on temperature, salinity and oxygen data, and the concentrations of water column nutrients and the stable isotope composition of nitrate, using water samples collected between ∼30∘ S and the Equator during two expeditions: MSM 59/2 in 2016 and SO 259 in 2017. Our results are the first from this oceanic region and provide new information on

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15

Hoem, Frida S., Karlijn van den Broek, Adrián López-Quirós, et al. "Stepwise Oligocene–Miocene breakdown of subpolar gyres and strengthening of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current." Journal of Micropalaeontology 43, no. 2 (2024): 497–517. https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-43-497-2024.

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Abstract. Through the Cenozoic (66–0 Ma), the dominant mode of ocean surface circulation in the Southern Ocean transitioned from two large subpolar gyres to circumpolar circulation with a strong Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and complex ocean frontal system. Recent investigations in the southern Indian and Pacific oceans show warm Oligocene surface water conditions with weak frontal systems that started to strengthen and migrate northwards during the late Oligocene. However, due to the paucity of sedimentary records and regional challenges with traditional proxy methods, questions remain

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16

Scussolini, P., E. van Sebille, and J. V. Durgadoo. "Paleo Agulhas rings enter the subtropical gyre during the penultimate deglaciation." Climate of the Past 9, no. 6 (2013): 2631–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-2631-2013.

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Abstract. A maximum in the strength of Agulhas leakage has been registered at the interface between the Indian and South Atlantic oceans during glacial Termination II (T-II). This presumably transported the salt and heat necessary for maintaining the Atlantic circulation at rates similar to the present day. However, it was never shown whether these waters were effectively incorporated into the South Atlantic gyre, or whether they retroflected into the Indian and/or Southern oceans. To resolve this question, we investigate the presence of paleo Agulhas rings from a sediment core on the central

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17

Hörstmann, Cora, Eric J. Raes, Pier Luigi Buttigieg, Claire Lo Monaco, Uwe John, and Anya M. Waite. "Hydrographic fronts shape productivity, nitrogen fixation, and microbial community composition in the southern Indian Ocean and the Southern Ocean." Biogeosciences 18, no. 12 (2021): 3733–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3733-2021.

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Abstract. Biogeochemical cycling of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in the ocean depends on both the composition and activity of underlying biological communities and on abiotic factors. The Southern Ocean is encircled by a series of strong currents and fronts, providing a barrier to microbial dispersion into adjacent oligotrophic gyres. Our study region straddles the boundary between the nutrient-rich Southern Ocean and the adjacent oligotrophic gyre of the southern Indian Ocean, providing an ideal region to study changes in microbial productivity. Here, we measured the impact of C and N uptake o

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18

Stramma, L., and J. R. E. Lutjeharms. "The flow field of the subtropical gyre of the South Indian Ocean." Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 102, no. C3 (1997): 5513–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96jc03455.

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19

Miller, Michael J., Sam Wouthuyzen, Eric Feunteun, et al. "Contrasting biodiversity of eel larvae across the central Indian Ocean subtropical gyre." Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 161 (March 2019): 120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.02.012.

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20

Utama, Andria Ansri, and Wudianto Wudianto. "DINAMIKA SPASIAL IKAN MESOPELAGIS (ceratoscopelus warmingii LÜTKEN, 1892) DI SAMUDERA HINDIA." Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia 22, no. 4 (2017): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.22.4.2016.263-270.

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Kajian mengenai ikan mesopelagis di perairan Samudera Hindia masih sangat terbatas, sehingga informasi terkait kelimpahan jenis ikan mesopelagis di Samudera Hindia sangat penting. Survei trawl lapisan pertengahan dilakukan pada tanggal 26 Juni-16 Juli 2015 di perairan laut lepas (high seas) Samudera Hindia untuk memperoleh data dan informasi tersebut dengan menggunakan kapal penelitian R.V. Dr. Fridtjof Nansen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan distribusi kedalaman vertikal di malam hari jenis yang dominan C.warmingii sesuai dengan kedalaman operasi trawl yaitu 86,9 ± 38,6 m. Namun pada siang hari

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21

Ditkovsky, Sam, Laure Resplandy, and Julius Busecke. "Unique ocean circulation pathways reshape the Indian Ocean oxygen minimum zone with warming." Biogeosciences 20, no. 23 (2023): 4711–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-4711-2023.

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Abstract. The global ocean is losing oxygen with warming. Observations and Earth system model projections, however, suggest that this global ocean deoxygenation does not equate to a simple and systematic expansion of tropical oxygen minimum zones (OMZs). Previous studies have focused on the Pacific Ocean; they showed that the outer OMZ deoxygenates and expands as oxygen supply by advective transport weakens, the OMZ core oxygenates and contracts due to a shift in the composition of the source waters supplied by slow mixing, and in between these two regimes oxygen is redistributed with little e

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22

Friocourt, Yann, Sybren Drijfhout, Bruno Blanke, and Sabrina Speich. "Water Mass Export from Drake Passage to the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans: A Lagrangian Model Analysis." Journal of Physical Oceanography 35, no. 7 (2005): 1206–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo2748.1.

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Abstract The northward export of intermediate water from Drake Passage is investigated in two global ocean general circulation models (GCMs) by means of quantitative particle tracing diagnostics. This study shows that a total of about 23 Sv (Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1) is exported from Drake Passage to the equator. The Atlantic and Pacific Oceans are the main catchment basins with 7 and 15 Sv, respectively. Only 1–2 Sv of the water exported to the Atlantic equator follow the direct cold route from Drake Passage without entering the Indian Ocean. The remainder loops first into the Indian Ocean subtropical

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23

Du, Yan, and Yuhong Zhang. "Satellite and Argo Observed Surface Salinity Variations in the Tropical Indian Ocean and Their Association with the Indian Ocean Dipole Mode." Journal of Climate 28, no. 2 (2015): 695–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00435.1.

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Abstract This study investigates sea surface salinity (SSS) variations in the tropical Indian Ocean (IO) using the Aquarius/Satelite de Aplicaciones Cientificas-D (SAC-D) and the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite data and the Argo observations during July 2010–July 2014. Compared to the Argo observations, the satellite datasets generally provide SSS maps with higher space–time resolution, particularly in the regions where Argo floats are sparse. Both Aquarius and SMOS well captured the SSS variations associated with the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) mode. Significant SSS changes oc

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24

Romanov, Evgeny V., Natacha Nikolic, Zahirah Dhurmeea, et al. "Trophic ecology of albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga) in the western tropical Indian Ocean and adjacent waters." Marine and Freshwater Research 71, no. 11 (2020): 1517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf19332.

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In this study we investigated the trophic ecology of albacore tuna in the western Indian Ocean and adjacent Atlantic waters based on stomach content analysis using a reconstituted length and weight of prey approach. From 686 non-empty stomachs collected between 2001 and 2015 across three biogeographic provinces, we describe the diet composition of albacore tuna, analyse its feeding habits and investigate the structure and diversity of mid-trophic-level communities. Epipelagic fish were found to be the principal prey by number and reconstituted weight; cephalopods were the second important prey

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25

Hydén, Lars. "The Influence on Summer Rainfall in the Lesotho Lowlands from Indian Ocean SSTs." Hydrology Research 33, no. 4 (2002): 305–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2002.0010.

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Lesotho is located approximately at latitude 30 degrees south in the interior of Southern Africa. The mesoscale climate is complicated and governed by various weather systems. The inter-annual rainfall variability is great, resulting in low food security, since the growing of crops in the Lesotho Lowlands is almost exclusively rain-fed. Reliable forecasts of austral summer rainfall are thus valuable. Earlier research has shown that the sea surface temperatures (SST) in the Indian Ocean to some extent govern rainfall in Southern Africa. The research presented is part of an on-going project to f

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Lambert, E., D. Le Bars, and W. P. M. de Ruijter. "The dynamic connection of the Indonesian Throughflow, South Indian Ocean Countercurrent and the Leeuwin Current." Ocean Science Discussions 12, no. 5 (2015): 2231–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-12-2231-2015.

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Abstract. East of Madagascar, wind and surface buoyancy fluxes reinforce each other, leading to frontogenesis, outcrop and an eastward along-front flow: the South Indian Ocean Countercurrent (SICC). In the east the Leeuwin Current (LC) is a unique eastern boundary current which flows poleward along Australia. It is often described as a regional coastal current forced by an off-shore meridional density gradient or a sea surface slope, yet little is known of the forcing and dynamics that control these open ocean meridional gadients. To complete this understanding, we make use of both an ocean ge

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Morel, A., H. Claustre, and B. Gentili. "The most oligotrophic subtropical zones of the global ocean: similarities and differences in terms of chlorophyll and yellow substance." Biogeosciences Discussions 7, no. 4 (2010): 5047–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-7-5047-2010.

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Abstract. The cores of the subtropical anticyclonic gyres are characterized by their oligotrophic status and minimal chlorophyll concentration, compared to that of the whole ocean. These zones are unambiguously detected by space borne ocean color sensors thanks to their typical spectral reflectance, which is that of extremely clear and deep blue waters. Not only the low chlorophyll (denoted [Chl]) level, but also a reduced amount of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM or "yellow substance") account for this clarity. The oligotrophic waters of the North and South Pacific gyres, the North and

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Morel, A., H. Claustre, and B. Gentili. "The most oligotrophic subtropical zones of the global ocean: similarities and differences in terms of chlorophyll and yellow substance." Biogeosciences 7, no. 10 (2010): 3139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-3139-2010.

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Abstract. The cores of the subtropical anticyclonic gyres are characterized by their oligotrophic status and minimal chlorophyll concentration, compared to that of the whole ocean. These zones are unambiguously detected by space borne ocean color sensors thanks to their typical spectral reflectance, which is that of extremely clear and deep blue waters. Not only the low chlorophyll (denoted [Chl]) level, but also a reduced amount of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM or "yellow substance") account for this clarity. The oligotrophic waters of the North and South Pacific gyres, the North and

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29

Liu, Rongjie, Jie Zhang, Tingwei Cui, and Haocheng Yu. "Impact of Monsoon-Transported Anthropogenic Aerosols and Sun-Glint on the Satellite-Derived Spectral Remote Sensing Reflectance in the Indian Ocean." Remote Sensing 13, no. 2 (2021): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13020184.

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Spectral remote sensing reflectance (Rrs(λ), sr−1) is one of the most important products of ocean color satellite missions, where accuracy is essential for retrieval of in-water, bio-optical, and biogeochemical properties. For the Indian Ocean (IO), where Rrs(λ) accuracy has not been well documented, the quality of Rrs(λ) products from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer onboard both Terra (MODIS-Terra) and Aqua (MODIS-Aqua), and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite onboard the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership spacecraft (VIIRS-NPP), is evaluated and inter-compared base

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Liu, Rongjie, Jie Zhang, Tingwei Cui, and Haocheng Yu. "Impact of Monsoon-Transported Anthropogenic Aerosols and Sun-Glint on the Satellite-Derived Spectral Remote Sensing Reflectance in the Indian Ocean." Remote Sensing 13, no. 2 (2021): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13020184.

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Spectral remote sensing reflectance (Rrs(λ), sr−1) is one of the most important products of ocean color satellite missions, where accuracy is essential for retrieval of in-water, bio-optical, and biogeochemical properties. For the Indian Ocean (IO), where Rrs(λ) accuracy has not been well documented, the quality of Rrs(λ) products from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer onboard both Terra (MODIS-Terra) and Aqua (MODIS-Aqua), and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite onboard the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership spacecraft (VIIRS-NPP), is evaluated and inter-compared base

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Nagura, Motoki, and Shinya Kouketsu. "Spiciness Anomalies in the Upper South Indian Ocean." Journal of Physical Oceanography 48, no. 9 (2018): 2081–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-18-0050.1.

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AbstractThis study investigates an isopycnal temperature/salinity T/S, or spiciness, anomaly in the upper south Indian Ocean for the period from 2004 to 2015 using observations and reanalyses. Spiciness anomalies at about 15°S on 24–26σθ are focused on, whose standard deviation is about 0.1 psu in salinity and 0.25°C in temperature, and they have a contribution to isobaric temperature variability comparable to thermocline heave. A plausible generation region of these anomalies is the southeastern Indian Ocean, where the 25σθ surface outcrops in southern winter, and the anticyclonic subtropical

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Nagura, Motoki, and Michael J. McPhaden. "The Shallow Overturning Circulation in the Indian Ocean." Journal of Physical Oceanography 48, no. 2 (2018): 413–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-17-0127.1.

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AbstractThe number of in situ observations in the Indian Ocean has dramatically increased over the past 15 years thanks to the implementation of the Argo profiling float program. This study estimates the mean circulation in the Indian Ocean using hydrographic observations obtained from both Argo and conductivity–temperature–depth (CTD) observations. Absolute velocity at the Argo float parking depth is used so there is no need to assume a level of no motion. Results reveal previously unknown features in addition to well-known currents and water masses. Some newly identified features include the

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Duan, Jing, Yuanlong Li, Lei Zhang, and Fan Wang. "Impacts of the Indian Ocean Dipole on Sea Level and Gyre Circulation of the Western Tropical Pacific Ocean." Journal of Climate 33, no. 10 (2020): 4207–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-19-0782.1.

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AbstractInterannual variabilities of sea level and upper-ocean gyre circulation of the western tropical Pacific Ocean (WTPO) have been predominantly attributed to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The results of the present study put forward important modulation effects by the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) mode. The observed sea level in the WTPO shows significant instantaneous and lagged correlations (around −0.60 and 0.40, respectively) with the IOD mode index (DMI). A composite of 14 “independent” IOD events for 1958–2017 shows negative sea level anomalies (SLAs) of 4–7 cm in the WTPO during

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van der Mheen, Mirjam, Erik van Sebille, and Charitha Pattiaratchi. "Beaching patterns of plastic debris along the Indian Ocean rim." Ocean Science 16, no. 5 (2020): 1317–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-16-1317-2020.

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Abstract. A large percentage of global ocean plastic waste enters the Northern Hemisphere Indian Ocean (NIO). Despite this, it is unclear what happens to buoyant plastics in the NIO. Because the subtropics in the NIO are blocked by landmass, there is no subtropical gyre and no associated subtropical garbage patch in this region. We therefore hypothesize that plastics “beach” and end up on coastlines along the Indian Ocean rim. In this paper, we determine the influence of beaching plastics by applying different beaching conditions to Lagrangian particle-tracking simulation results. Our results

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Tsubouchi, T., T. Suga, and K. Hanawa. "Indian Ocean Subtropical Mode Water: its water characteristics and spatial distribution." Ocean Science 6, no. 1 (2010): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-6-41-2010.

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Abstract. We have improved a basic description (water characteristics and spatial distribution) of the Indian Ocean Subtropical Mode Water (IOSTMW) using an isopycnally averaged three-dimensional hydrographic dataset. Two mode waters and corresponding wintertime mixed layer depth maxima were observed north of the subtropical front (STF) in the South Indian Ocean: IOSTMW (within 25.8–26.2 σθ) in the region of 28–45° E and another subtropical mode water in the subtropical gyre (within 26.4–26.7 σθ) in the 60–80° E longitudinal band. Through careful examination of the spatial distribution and wat

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Thomalla, S. J., H. N. Waldron, M. I. Lucas, J. F. Read, I. J. Ansorge, and E. Pakhomov. "Phytoplankton distribution and nitrogen dynamics in the southwest indian subtropical gyre and Southern Ocean waters." Ocean Science 7, no. 1 (2011): 113–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-7-113-2011.

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Abstract. During the 1999 Marion Island Oceanographic Survey (MIOS 4) in late austral summer, a northbound and reciprocal southbound transect were taken along the Southwest Indian and Madagascar Ridge, between the Prince Edward Islands and 31° S. The sections crossed a number of major fronts and smaller mesoscale features and covered a wide productivity spectrum from subtropical to subantarctic waters. Associated with the physical survey were measurements of size fractionated chlorophyll, nutrients and nitrogen (NO3, NH4 and urea) uptake rates. Subtropical waters were characterised by low chlo

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Thomalla, S. J., H. N. Waldron, M. I. Lucas, J. F. Read, I. J. Ansorge, and E. Pakhomov. "Phytoplankton distribution and nitrogen dynamics in the Southwest Indian subtropical gyre and Southern Ocean Waters." Ocean Science Discussions 7, no. 4 (2010): 1347–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/osd-7-1347-2010.

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Abstract. During the 1999 Marion Island Oceanographic Survey (MIOS 4) in late austral summer, a northbound and reciprocal southbound transect were taken along the Southwest Indian and Madagascar Ridge, between the Prince Edward Islands and 31° S. The sections crossed a number of major fronts and smaller mesoscale features and covered a wide productivity spectrum from subtropical to subantarctic waters. Associated with the physical survey were measurements of size fractionated chlorophyll, nutrients and nitrogen (NO3, NH4 and urea) uptake rates. Subtropical waters were characterised by low conc

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Jena, Babula, Shanghamitra Sahu, Kumar Avinash, and Debadatta Swain. "Observation of oligotrophic gyre variability in the south Indian Ocean: Environmental forcing and biological response." Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 80 (October 2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2013.06.002.

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Singh, Naman Deep, Venkatesh Chinni, and Sunil Kumar Singh. "Dissolved aluminium cycling in the northern, equatorial and subtropical gyre region of the Indian Ocean." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 268 (January 2020): 160–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2019.09.028.

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Maes, C., N. Grima, B. Blanke, E. Martinez, T. Paviet-Salomon, and T. Huck. "A Surface “Superconvergence” Pathway Connecting the South Indian Ocean to the Subtropical South Pacific Gyre." Geophysical Research Letters 45, no. 4 (2018): 1915–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017gl076366.

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Qu, Tangdong, and Gary Meyers. "Seasonal Characteristics of Circulation in the Southeastern Tropical Indian Ocean*." Journal of Physical Oceanography 35, no. 2 (2005): 255–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-2682.1.

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Abstract The circulation in the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean is studied using historical temperature and salinity data. A southward shift of the subtropical gyre at increasing depth dominates the structure of the annual mean circulation. Near the southern Indonesian coast the westward South Equatorial Current (SEC) is at the sea surface and strongest near 10°–11°S, reflecting strong influence of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF). In latitudes 13°–25°S the SEC is a subsurface flow and its velocity core deepens toward the south, falling below 500 m at 25°S. The eastern gyral current (EGC) i

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Caínzos, Verónica, M. Dolores Pérez-Hernández, Daniel Santana-Toscano, Cristina Arumí-Planas, and Alonso Hernández-Guerra. "Consistent picture of the horizontal circulation of the Atlantic Ocean over 3 decades." Ocean Science 19, no. 4 (2023): 1009–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-19-1009-2023.

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Abstract. The circulation in the Atlantic Ocean is marked by the complex system of pathways of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). These currents change meridionally due to the interaction with nearby water masses. Hydrographic data provide the opportunity to characterize these currents for the whole water column with high-resolution data over the last 30 years. Moreover, inverse methods enable the quantification of absolute zonal transports across these sections, determining the strength of each current at a certain latitude in terms of mass, heat, and freshwater, as well

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Kim, Yong Sun, and Alejandro H. Orsi. "On the Variability of Antarctic Circumpolar Current Fronts Inferred from 1992–2011 Altimetry*." Journal of Physical Oceanography 44, no. 12 (2014): 3054–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-13-0217.1.

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Abstract Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) fronts, defined as water mass boundaries, have been known to respond to large-scale atmospheric variabilities, especially the Southern Hemisphere annular mode (SAM) and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Distinct patterns of localized variability in meridional front displacements during 1992–2011 are derived from the analysis of satellite sea surface height data. Major basin-scale differences are found between the southeast Pacific (150°–90°W) and the southeast Indian (75°–150°E) sectors of the ACC. Frontal positions in the southeast Pacific show

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Carton, James A., Semyon A. Grodsky, and Hailong Liu. "Variability of the Oceanic Mixed Layer, 1960–2004." Journal of Climate 21, no. 5 (2008): 1029–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jcli1798.1.

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Abstract A new monthly uniformly gridded analysis of mixed layer properties based on the World Ocean Atlas 2005 global ocean dataset is used to examine interannual and longer changes in mixed layer properties during the 45-yr period 1960–2004. The analysis reveals substantial variability in the winter–spring depth of the mixed layer in the subtropics and midlatitudes. In the North Pacific an empirical orthogonal function analysis shows a pattern of mixed layer depth variability peaking in the central subtropics. This pattern occurs coincident with intensification of local surface winds and may

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Harms, Natalie C., Niko Lahajnar, Birgit Gaye, Tim Rixen, Ulrich Schwarz-Schampera, and Kay-Christian Emeis. "Sediment trap-derived particulate matter fluxes in the oligotrophic subtropical gyre of the South Indian Ocean." Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 183 (January 2021): 104924. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2020.104924.

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Chinni, Venkatesh, and Sunil Kumar Singh. "Dissolved iron cycling in the Arabian Sea and sub-tropical gyre region of the Indian Ocean." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 317 (January 2022): 325–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2021.10.026.

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Dunne, John P., Jasmin G. John, Alistair J. Adcroft, et al. "GFDL’s ESM2 Global Coupled Climate–Carbon Earth System Models. Part I: Physical Formulation and Baseline Simulation Characteristics." Journal of Climate 25, no. 19 (2012): 6646–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00560.1.

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Abstract The physical climate formulation and simulation characteristics of two new global coupled carbon–climate Earth System Models, ESM2M and ESM2G, are described. These models demonstrate similar climate fidelity as the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory’s previous Climate Model version 2.1 (CM2.1) while incorporating explicit and consistent carbon dynamics. The two models differ exclusively in the physical ocean component; ESM2M uses Modular Ocean Model version 4p1 with vertical pressure layers while ESM2G uses Generalized Ocean Layer Dynamics with a bulk mixed layer and interior isopy

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Meijers, A. J., N. L. Bindoff, and J. L. Roberts. "On the Total, Mean, and Eddy Heat and Freshwater Transports in the Southern Hemisphere of a ⅛° × ⅛° Global Ocean Model." Journal of Physical Oceanography 37, no. 2 (2007): 277–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo3012.1.

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Abstract The large-scale volume, heat, and freshwater ocean transports in the Southern Hemisphere are investigated using time-averaged output from a seasonless, high-resolution general circulation model. The ocean circulation is realistic, and property transports are comparable to observations. The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) carries 144 Sv (Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1) of water eastward across Drake Passage, increasing to 155 Sv south of Australia because of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF). There is a clear Indo-Pacific gyre around Australia exchanging −10 Sv, 0.9 PW of heat, and 0.2 Sv of fresh

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Nagura, Motoki. "Spiciness Anomalies of Subantarctic Mode Water in the South Indian Ocean." Journal of Climate 34, no. 10 (2021): 3927–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-20-0482.1.

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AbstractThis study investigates spreading and generation of spiciness anomalies of the Subantarctic Mode Water (SAMW) located on 26.6 to 26.8 σθ in the south Indian Ocean, using in situ hydrographic observations, satellite measurements, reanalysis datasets, and numerical model output. The amplitude of spiciness anomalies is about 0.03 psu or 0.13°C and tends to be large along the streamline of the subtropical gyre, whose upstream end is the outcrop region south of Australia. The speed of spreading is comparable to that of the mean current, and it takes about a decade for a spiciness anomaly in

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Li, Tim, Chongbo Zhao, Pang-chi Hsu, and Tomoe Nasuno. "MJO Initiation Processes over the Tropical Indian Ocean during DYNAMO/CINDY2011*." Journal of Climate 28, no. 6 (2015): 2121–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00328.1.

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Abstract A multination joint field campaign called the Dynamics of MJO/Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability in Year 2011 (DYNAMO/CINDY2011) took place in the equatorial Indian Ocean (IO) in late 2011. During the campaign period, two strong MJO events occurred from the middle of October to the middle of December (referred to as MJO I and MJO II, respectively). Both the events were initiated over the western equatorial Indian Ocean (WIO) around 50°–60°E. Using multiple observational data products (ERA-Interim, the ECMWF final analysis, and NASA MERRA), the authors unv

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