To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Indian Rugs.
Journal articles on the topic 'Indian Rugs'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Indian Rugs.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
McGowan, Abigail. "Convict Carpets: Jails and the Revival of Historic Carpet Design in Colonial India." Journal of Asian Studies 72, no. 2 (May 2013): 391–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911813000028.
Full textAbstract:
One promising traditional industry slated for revival in late colonial India was carpet weaving. Characterized by low technology, high product value, and strong demand, carpets appealed for obvious economic reasons, while simultaneously evoking India's luxurious artisanal past. In western India, carpet weaving was centered in jails where convicts produced high-quality rugs using historic designs in prison factories that served as laboratories for redefining penal labor and traditional design under the eyes of the colonial state. For, even as they were poised at the center of new exchange networks of design ideas, jail factories also claimed practical economic goals: to earn money for jails, train convicts in new skills and habits, and build India's productive potential in a time of economic malaise. As such, they provide an ideal site for examining the economic context for the emerging design industry, and for limitations of colonial visions of the Indian economy.
2
Peers, Douglas M. "‘Those Noble Exemplars of the True Military Tradition’; Constructions of the Indian Army in the Mid-Victorian Press." Modern Asian Studies 31, no. 1 (February 1997): 109–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00016954.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is directed first at identifying where and by whom military influences or topics manifested themselves in the periodical pressʼns coverage of India in the period up to the Indian Rebellion. How such manifestations changed over time, as well as the convergence of Anglo-Indian and British newspapers and magazines on Indian topics, will form an important component of this study. Stemming from these initial enquiries, I will further suggest that the model often employed to comprehend such representations —namely ‘orientalism’ —is, as it is often configured, too simplistic and reductionist to account for all the forces at work in the production of images of India. Instead, the mid-Victorian image of India was produced by a very fractured discourse. Racial stereotypes and affirmations of British superiority were certainly to the forefront, but these were frequently inflected by quite separate agendaʼns, such as the military's pursuit of political and professional status and influence, publishers’ search for profits, and the quest for suitable middle-class role models. Moreover, it was a discourse constrained by the dominant contemporary literary conventions and tropes, notably the historical romance in fiction and didacticism in history and biography. Yet there is one strand that runs through these various agendas and literary strategies and that is the one provided by the Indian army. India was by the third decade of the nineteenth-century as much a military as it was a commercial site. In 1850, the then reigning governor-general, Lord Dalhousie, was reminded by John Lawrence of this fact when the latter insisted that ‘public opinion is essentially military in India. Military views, feelings and interests are therefore paramount’.
3
Perwita, Anak Agung Banyu. "The Modi Factor: The Role Of Narendra Modi’s Idiosyncratic Factors In India’s Foreign Policy Responses Towards China Pakistan Economic Corridor." Andalas Journal of International Studies (AJIS) 8, no. 2 (November 30, 2019): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ajis.8.2.115-140.2019.
Full textAbstract:
The development of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), as part of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), is one of the causes of worsening Sino-Indian relations in recent years. The Economic Corridor runs through Pakistan-occupied Kashmir, which India has claimed as its territory for decades. India sees thie Project as a violation of its sovereignty, but China defends the Project, saying that it is purely an economic connectivity project without strategic purposes. Seeing the possible worsening relations, India initiated to invite Xi Jinping for an Informal Summit with Narendra Modi. With a longstanding historical relationship with China, and his personal style diplomacy, Modi manages to fix some misconception with Xi Jinping on several issues. While trying to fix Sino-Indian relations, Narendra Modi is at the same time still firm on its opposition towards the Project. The authors observe that Narendra Modi’s personality plays a big role in India’s response towards China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. Modi’s strong and assertive personality, coupled with his Hindu-nationalist belief, explained the Indian decision to firmly opposing the CPEC. On the other hand, the footprints of Modi’s charisma, personal-style diplomacy, and his longstanding relationship with China, are visible in the Wuhan Summit, in which Modi became the spearhead of diplomacy.
4
NAVEEN KUMAR. "A Conceptual and Evolutionary Study of Corporate Social Responsibility in India." International Journal on Integrated Education 3, no. 8 (August 29, 2020): 195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i8.563.
Full textAbstract:
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is the concept of defining the responsibilities of the business and engaging them to perform their social duties. CSR is a not an Indian concept but a global one. World’s Richest man, Bill Gates, is also a great philanthropist who and his wife jointly run, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. Richest family of India, Reliance, runs Reliance Foundation whose chairperson is Mrs. Neeta M Ambani. This spirit is to be ignited in all the business houses and companies of India and for this in 2014 Government of India passed the law to include CSR as a compulsory contribution made by the eligible companies, as defined in section 135 of Companies Act 2013. The paper studies the evolution and development of CSR in India in its present form.
5
Mason, Gail. "‘I am tomorrow’: Violence against Indian students in Australia and political denial." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 45, no. 1 (March 16, 2012): 4–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865811431330.
Full textAbstract:
India has experienced significant economic growth since the 1990s. Young middle-class Indian nationals have embraced international tertiary and vocational education as a part of this trend. Many of these students have come to Australia to study. In 2009, claims that Indian students in Australia were being targeted for racial violence received worldwide media attention. This article presents the results of a qualitative study of public documents surrounding the ‘violence against Indian students’ issue over a 12-month period. It contends that there is sufficient evidence to conclude that some of the victimisation had a racial or anti-Indian element to it. Drawing upon literature on racism, it reveals a discourse of denial that runs through the responses of Australia’s political leaders to this claim. In the current global environment, however, exposure of Australia’s denial by the Indian media may operate as a form of counter-discourse from an emerging superpower whose citizens refuse to tolerate the failure of western nations to take responsibility for the injustice of racial violence.
6
Pandian, Lydia V. K. "Patriarchy and Beauty: The Power Over Indian Women." Journal of the Anthropological Survey of India 69, no. 1 (June 2020): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277436x20928441.
Full textAbstract:
Bourdieu says that the individual’s education and skills are the cultural capital and believe it as the modality for the individuals in the upper classes to dominate and alienate the individuals of the lower rungs in the class hierarchy. His concept is important here to understand how beauty power discourse as cultural capital is used for oppressing Indian women though he thought that this particular power discourse cannot be applied to countries like India. And, this article analyses the limitations in the application of his definition of the concept ‘cultural capital’ to the Indian state and the established connection of body image and skin tone to the ideology of power and status, and how it has become a need for Indian women to achieve those desirable attributes of beauty to enable them to be celebrated and to wield cultural and economic power in their field.
7
Sandhu, Tanroop. "Interwar India through Bhimrao Ambedkar’s Eyes." Canadian Journal of History 56, no. 1 (April 2021): 45–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjh-56-1-2020-0062.
Full textAbstract:
This article is an analysis of the political thought of Bhimrao Ambedkar, anti-caste activist, author of the Indian constitution and first law minister of independent India. His personal writings are analyzed, and the origins of his ideas are situated within larger contexts- both national and international. He was representative of the increased radicalism of the Indian nationalist movement in the 1920s and 30s, but he stood apart from the mainstream of the movement on key issues. Above all, the most formative influence on his political philosophy was the fact that his experience of interwar India was mediated through his position at the lower rungs of the caste hierarchy. He brought his unique perspective to bear on some of the most pressing topics that radical nationalists were debating in the interwar period: communism and political economy, defining nationhood, and the caste system. A discussion of Ambedkar’s views on these three key subjects forms the analytical basis of this article, with an eye towards the continued relevance of his thought.
8
Jayaraman, K. S. "Indian technology: Quest for self-reliance runs into trouble." Nature 318, no. 6042 (November 1985): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/318093a0.
Full text
9
Mohanty, Ranjan Kumar, Sidheswar Panda, and Biswabhusan Bhuyan. "Does Defence Spending and its Composition Affect Economic Growth in India?" Margin: The Journal of Applied Economic Research 14, no. 1 (February 2020): 62–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973801019886486.
Full textAbstract:
The article investigates the relationship between economic growth and defence expenditure in India from 1970–1971 to 2015–2016. By using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag and Toda-Yamamoto Granger Causality approach, the empirical results find that defence expenditure has a positive and significant impact on economic growth in India. The study also finds that capital defence expenditure has a positive and significant effect on economic growth, while revenue defence expenditure does not have any substantial influence on it. The causality test confirms a bidirectional causality between defence expenditure and economic growth, while it finds a unidirectional causality that runs from capital defence expenditure to economic growth. The study suggests that defence spending, especially capital defence spending, should be encouraged to enhance economic growth in the Indian economy. JEL Classification: H56, O40, C32
10
PANDYA, SUNIL K. "Strikes by Physicians in Public Hospitals in India." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 9, no. 4 (October 2000): 460–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100904043.
Full textAbstract:
Can strikes by resident doctors training to become consultants in Indian public-sector teaching hospitals be ethical? These hospitals were established for the medical care of the very poor in a country where health insurance and a national health service are nonexistent. In such a situation, the paralysis of tertiary healthcare centers by striking doctors runs contrary to the raison d'être of the profession. It also violates the first dictum of medicine: Primum, non nocere. And although there is some discussion in the Western literature on strikes by doctors, authorities in India are silent on the subject.
11
Clarke, Amy. "Scotland's Heritage Investments in India: Acts of Cultural Diplomacy and Identity Building." Scottish Affairs 23, no. 2 (May 2014): 234–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/scot.2014.0019.
Full textAbstract:
Since 2008 the Scottish government and heritage authorities have been engaged in several projects and partnerships in India aimed at conserving colonial-era heritage and providing assistance to Indian authorities in the preservation of Indian heritage. These projects range from the recording and rejuvenation of the Scottish Cemetery in Kolkata (formerly Calcutta) to the documentation of Rani Ki Vav, a significant Hindu stepwell, as part of the ‘Scottish 10’ project. These investments are notable for two reasons: typically, international involvement in a country's heritage would come in the form of a non-state actor such as the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) rather than another nation-state. Furthermore, as many of the sites in India of interest to the Scots were established during the colonial period and exist as a direct result of British rule, the Scottish involvement in their preservation runs the risk of attracting claims of cultural colonialism. These challenges have been effectively neutralised through the selection of projects that emphasise the positive contributions made by Scots in India, and through the positioning of these projects as acts of altruism and of the celebration of shared collective histories. This article will discuss the motives behind Scottish investment in heritage sites in India, demonstrating both the way that heritage can be engaged with at a bi-lateral level as an act of cultural diplomacy as well as the way heritage can be used to promote the perception of a specific version of national identity.
12
Frederiksen, Bodil Folke. "PRINT, NEWSPAPERS AND AUDIENCES IN COLONIAL KENYA: AFRICAN AND INDIAN IMPROVEMENT, PROTEST AND CONNECTIONS." Africa 81, no. 1 (January 24, 2011): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972010000082.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTThe article addresses African and Indian newspaper networks in Kenya in the late 1940s in an Indian Ocean perspective. Newspapers were important parts of a printing culture that was sustained by Indian and African nationalist politics and economic enterprise. In this period new intermediary groups of African and Indian entrepreneurs, activists and publicists, collaborating around newspaper production, captured fairly large and significant non-European audiences (some papers had print runs of around ten thousand) and engaged them in new ways, incorporating their aspirations, writings and points of view in newspapers. They depended on voluntary and political associations and anti-colonial struggles in Kenya and on links to nationalists in India and the passive resistance movement in South Africa. They sidestepped the European-dominated print culture and created an anti-colonial counter-voice. Editors insisted on the right to write freely and be heard, and traditions of freedom of speech put a brake on censorship. Furthermore, the shifting networks of financial, editorial and journalistic collaboration, and the newspapers’ language choice – African vernaculars, Gujarati, Swahili and English – made intervention difficult for the authorities. With time, the politics and ideologies sustaining the newspapers pulled in different directions, with African nationalism gaining the upper hand among the forces that shaped the future independent Kenyan nation.
13
Bodla, B. S. "Efficiency of the Indian Capital Market: An Empirical Work." Vision: The Journal of Business Perspective 9, no. 3 (July 2005): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097226290500900305.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines the weak form efficiency of Indian capital market. For this, two tests, namely the runs test and serial correlation test have been applied. The study is based on stock price daily data for three years from January 2001 through December 2003. The results of the runs test have given a clear-cut inkling of the existence of weak form market efficiency in the Indian securities market. Similarly, the serial correlation analysis based on its coefficients confirms the weak form hypothesis of efficient market. This finding, thus, reduces the probability of continuously making extra profits by forecasting the security prices.
14
Miyama, Toru, Julian P. McCreary, Debasis Sengupta, and Retish Senan. "Dynamics of Biweekly Oscillations in the Equatorial Indian Ocean*." Journal of Physical Oceanography 36, no. 5 (May 1, 2006): 827–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo2897.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Variability of the wind field over the equatorial Indian Ocean is spread throughout the intraseasonal (10–60 day) band. In contrast, variability of the near-surface υ field in the eastern, equatorial ocean is concentrated at biweekly frequencies and is largely composed of Yanai waves. The excitation of this biweekly variability is investigated using an oceanic GCM and both analytic and numerical versions of a linear, continuously stratified (LCS) model in which solutions are represented as expansions in baroclinic modes. Solutions are forced by Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) winds (the model control runs) and by idealized winds having the form of a propagating wave with frequency σ and wavenumber kw. The GCM and LCS control runs are remarkably similar in the biweekly band, indicating that the dynamics of biweekly variability are fundamentally linear and wind driven. The biweekly response is composed of local (nonradiating) and remote (Yanai wave) parts, with the former spread roughly uniformly along the equator and the latter strengthening to the east. Test runs to the numerical models separately forced by the τx and τy components of the QuikSCAT winds demonstrate that both forcings contribute to the biweekly signal, the response forced by τy being somewhat stronger. Without mixing, the analytic spectrum for Yanai waves forced by idealized winds has a narrowband (resonant) response for each baroclinic mode: Spectral peaks occur whenever the wavenumber of the Yanai wave for mode n is sufficiently close to kw and they shift from biweekly to lower frequencies with increasing modenumber n. With mixing, the higher-order modes are damped so that the largest ocean response is restricted to Yanai waves in the biweekly band. Thus, in the LCS model, resonance and mixing act together to account for the ocean's favoring the biweekly band. Because of the GCM's complexity, it cannot be confirmed that vertical mixing also damps its higher-order modes; other possible processes are nonlinear interactions with near-surface currents, and the model's low vertical resolution below the thermocline. Test runs to the LCS model show that Yanai waves from several modes superpose to form a beam (wave packet) that carries energy downward as well as eastward. Reflections of such beams from the near-surface pycnocline and bottom act to maintain near-surface energy levels, accounting for the eastward intensification of the near-surface, equatorial υ field in the control runs.
15
Rakshit, Bijoy, and Samaresh Bardhan. "Bank competition in India: revisiting the application of Panzar–Rosse model." Managerial Finance 46, no. 11 (July 17, 2020): 1455–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mf-09-2019-0457.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThe paper measures the degree of bank competition in Indian banking over the period 1996–2016. Using bank-level annual data, we revisit the case of banking competitiveness during the prefinancial and postfinancial crisis and examine whether the global financial crisis alters the level of bank competition in India. Additionally, this paper addresses the misspecification issues associated with the widely used Panzar–Rosse model in Indian banking context.Design/methodology/approachWe apply Panzar and Rosse (1987) H-statistic and evaluate the degree of bank competition by estimating the extent to which changes in input prices are reflected in revenues earned by banks. Subsequently, we link this measure of competitiveness to a number of structural indicators (HHI and CRn) to examine the structure-conduct-performance hypothesis, which assumes that a concentrated banking system can impair competition. The simple panel regression model was used to handle the empirical estimations.Findingsfindings reveal that the Indian banking system operates under competitive conditions and earns revenues as if under the monopolistic competition. We also find evidence that Indian banks are competitive, even under a concentrated market structure. This observation runs, in contrary, to the prediction of the structure–conduct–performance hypothesis. The findings also indicate the differences in the estimated H-statistic value after considering the misspecifications of the P–R model.Practical implicationsFrom policy perspectives, policymakers should focus more on maintaining an optimal level of bank competition by mitigating entry restrictions, exercising less consolidation and withdrawing overregulation from banking activities. A competitive banking industry ensures both efficiency and stability.Social implicationsA competitive banking sector by lowering interest rates margin provides easier access to finance to both households and small and medium enterprises (SMEs).Originality/valueThis is the only study that addresses the misspecification of the P–R model while assessing competition in Indian banking and provides a thorough understanding of the role of concentration on bank competition.
16
Holla, Rohith, Sachin Prabhu, Sanjana Shetty, Shreya Deshpande, Shwetha Balla K., Snigdha Hegde, Soujanya B. S., Harsha Raj, and Rashmi Kundapur. "AWARENESS ABOUT DIABETES AMONG ADOLESCENTS OF MANGALORE, SOUTH INDIA." Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU 04, no. 02 (June 2014): 118–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1703778.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: Introduction: India continues to be the diabetic capital of the world. According to the WHO report, India today heads the world with 32 million patients and this number is projected to increase to 79.4 million by the year 2030. Diabetes has become a great economic challenge as it drains between 5-25% of family income of an average Indian. Aims & Objectives: To study the awareness of diabetes among the adolescents. Materials and Method: Community based cross-sectional study. We collected data from 600 adolescents of age group 16-18years. A questionnaire consisting of questions that were based on the knowledge, awareness and practices regarding the risk factors of Diabetes were prepared. Students from 4 pre-university colleges in Mangalore, Dakshina Kannada district, were selected as the study group Results: 88.5% were aware of diabetes. According to 48.33% consumption of sweets only was a risk factor. 5.5% were aware that diabetes runs in families . 78.33 % were aware that diabetes can affect any age group and 73% knew about the increasing rate of diabetes in India. 72.16 % were sure that diabetes can be prevented and 25.5% said it was possible to completely cure .46% were under a misconception that a vaccine is present for diabetes and only 57.83%were aware of that diabetes can cause complications.
17
Gopinath, V., and P. Suresh. "Performance Evaluation of Diesel Engine Runs on Biodiesel Blending." Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (July 2014): 1719–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.1719.
Full textAbstract:
Diesel plays a very important role in rapid depletion of conventional energy sources along with increasing demand and also major contributors of air pollutants. Diesel is used in the present days for engines and the invention of an alternative or a blend to the conventional diesel seems very essential to the energy crisis. Major portion of today's energy demand in India is with fossil fuels. Hence it is high time that alternate fuels for engines should be derived from indigenous sources. As India is an agricultural country, there is a wide scope for the production of corn oil from the germ of corn (maize). In this experiment, an attempt has been made to investigate four types of fuels are considered 100% Diesel, 90% Diesel+10% Corn oil Methyl Ester, 80% Diesel+20% Corn oil Methyl Ester, 70% Diesel+30% Corn oil Methyl Ester and 60% Diesel+40% Corn oil Methyl Ester. The various performance parameters like, brake thermal efficiency, Mechanical efficiency and brake specific fuel consumption were measured and analyzed. In the experiment it found the biodiesel blends gives comparable performance to diesel.
18
Andrej Dávid, Andrea Galieriková, Jiří Tengler, and Vlatka Stupalo. "The Northern Sea Route as a New Route for Maritime Transport between the Far East and Europe." Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina 23, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): A74—A79. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/com.c.2021.2.a74-a79.
Full textAbstract:
Asian countries such as China, Malaysia, India or Bangladesh belong to the largest producers of consumer goods in the world that is mainly transported by container vessels to other parts of the world. One of the busiest maritime trade route is the route between Europe and Asia. It leads through the North Pacific, Indian and the North Atlantic Oceans and their seas. There is also an alternative trade route that runs along the coast of the Russian Federation across the Arctic Ocean. On one hand the ice in this area is gradually declining due to global warming, on the other hand the duration of navigation times is being extended for several months of the year. One of the advantages of this route is the reduction of sailing times between Asian and European maritime ports. The basic goals of the paper are to focus on the current transport situation on this trade route and a new trade route that leads along the coast of Russia.
19
Sahoo, Aditya Prasad. "Is the Configuration of Indian Stock Market Weakly Efficient?" ComFin Research 9, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/commerce.v9i3.3982.
Full textAbstract:
The main aim of this study is to find out the whether the Indian stock market efficiency is in weak form. The aim of this study is to look into the Indian Stock Market’s lack of market performance. From 2000 to 2015, sample is gathered on a daily, weekly, and monthly basis. Unit Root Test, Run Test, and KS Test are used to examine the data. According to the findings, The Runs Test disproves the existence of a random walk and demonstrates that the Indian stock market is not weakly efficient. Through stock valuation strategies, technical and fundamental analysts may generate volatile returns.
20
Rajpal, Leepakshi, and Mayank Vats. "Dharma and the Indian Constitution." Christ University Law Journal 5, no. 2 (July 1, 2016): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.12728/culj.9.6.
Full textAbstract:
"Sarva Dharma Sambhavana" is a fundamental precept of Dharma. It is also the predominant thread that runs through several Supreme Court decisions. Was this merely coincidental, or does the Indian Constitution actually imbibe and mirror the principles of Dharma? The relation between Dharma and the Indian Constitution is examined keeping this very fundamental question in mind. The paper is an assertion that the Constitution is framed based on the principles of Dharma and not merely inspired by the western cultures, which the framers of the Constitution failed to realize. Dharma, as per popular notion, is not a singular construct of the Hindu way of life, but is common to all religions. Dharma and religion are two separate entities and are often confused to be one and the same. This paper clarifies these differences and through the descriptive and analytical method, traces the evolution of this concept and its subsequent connect with the laws that govern us. The crux of the paper lies in the fact that law and dharma are strongly interwoven and there is no way the two can be separated.
21
Pokhrel, Rajkumar. "Naxalbari and Jhapa Revolt: Historical Study." Tribhuvan University Journal 32, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v32i2.24707.
Full textAbstract:
Naxalbari is a small village in West Bengal, India, where a section of the Communist Party of India (CPM) led by Kanu Sanyal,and Jangal Santhal initiated a violent uprising in 1967. On 18 May 1967, the Siliguri Kishan Sabha, of which Jangal was the president, declared their support for the movement initiated by Kanu Sanyal and readiness to adopt armed struggle to redistribute land to the landless. But before it, as a consequence of the debate in international communist movement, Indian communist Party split and a faction choose the path of Mao Thought to go ahead. The party was led by Charu Majumdar, Kanu Sanyal and Jangal Santhal revolted against the existing political system. The uprising was started from Naxalbari village by using the policy of “annihilation of class enemy”. It is known as Naxalbari Revolt. But the neither could gain achievement nor run for long last. Top leader of the party, Charu Majumdar, was arrested and killed. After his murder, the party split into more than one dozen factions. On the other side, in Nepal, the neighboring district Jhapa came into influence of Naxalbari Revolt and the youth communists of Jhapa started the revolt using the same path of Naxalbari. Jhapa Revolt also runs for only 30 months. Both the movements became failure to achieve the aim. But due to the differences of ruling structure, existing political system, and geo political condition between two countries, the revolt of India split into several divisions and the movement of Nepal, even being unsuccessful to achieve the aim achieved to unify the divided movement. The impact of Naxalbari movement in India seems remain still now in some parts of India but in Nepal, Jhapa revolt has become a history. Whatsoever, both revolts have left impact in both countries till now.
22
Belgaumi, M. S. "Efficiency of the Indian Stock Market : An Empirical Study." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 20, no. 2 (April 1995): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090919950204.
Full textAbstract:
Based on an analysis of 70 companies listed in the ‘A’ list category on the Bombay Stock Exchange, this paper by Belgaumi is an attempt to test the weak form efficiency of the Indian stock market. By subjecting the weekly share prices to Serial Correlation Analysis and Runs Test, the author finds that the Indian stock exchanges are efficient in the weak form and that the independence assumption regarding the movements of share prices over short period holds good.
23
Campbell, Gwyn. "Editorial Introduction." Journal of Indian Ocean World Studies 1, no. 1 (September 29, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/jiows.v1i1.24.
Full textAbstract:
The Journal of Indian Ocean World Studies (JIOWS) is a multidisciplinary, open access journal that accepts articles on all aspects of the history and culture of the Indian Ocean World (IOW) – a macro-region that runs from Africa to the Far East, and includes the Indian Ocean, Indonesian and China seas and their continental hinterlands.This inaugural issue focuses on various instances of interaction in the IOW. From commercial exchange between otherwise opposing commercial enterprises, to personal interactions between Europeans and peoples indigenous to the IOW, to the experiences and strategies of slaves, the issue explores various instances in which categories of “foreign” and “indigenous” come into alignment or conflict in historiography, colonial narratives, or commercial enterprises.
24
Rao, Ursula, and Graham William Greenleaf. "Subverting ID from above and below: The uncertain shaping of India’s new instrument of e-governance." Surveillance & Society 11, no. 3 (December 1, 2013): 287–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v11i3.4496.
Full textAbstract:
This article traces the contours of a new biometric project in India that aims to develop a universal biometric database for the unique identification of India’s residents (UID, The Indian Unique Identification Project). It was launched in 2009 and by mid-2013 registered 430 million enrolments, making it the largest biometric experiment in the world. What is the rationale for and structure of this new instrument of governance and how does it affect the relation between citizens and state institutions? We discuss the legal framing of the project and present an ethnographic case study about its implementation among poor people in Delhi. We argue that within the heterogeneous social space of India the biometric project has opened up a terrain for multiple social negotiations. While the new technology propels fantasies about a corruption free well-ordered society the implementation runs up against innumerable challenges. The project struggles to find a definite legal form and suitable goals. Furthermore, the emerging link between people, computer generated data and projects of governance remains weak. By unpacking the relation between new technologies, emerging legalities, cultural bodies and social classifications, we evidence that UID is not one but many projects. Rather than a truth statement about identity UID is a ground for testing new relations between citizens and the state. They concern political question of the desire for order versus fear of control, and epistemological question of the inter-relation between regimes of transparency and social complexity.
25
O'Sullivan, Michael. "Vernacular Capitalism and Intellectual History in a Gujarati Account of China, 1860–68." Journal of Asian Studies 80, no. 2 (February 26, 2021): 267–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911820003678.
Full textAbstract:
This article examines one of the earliest Gujarati travelogues concerning China, written by Damodar Ishwardas—a Hindu resident of Bombay and a clerk for a Sunni Khoja commercial firm—and published in Bombay in 1868. Based on a three-year trip to the port cities of southern China, Ishwardas's text runs close to 400 pages and was patronized by a prominent stratum of Bombay's Gujarati-speaking commercial and bureaucratic elite. The primary intervention in this article is to analyze Ishwardas's account as a neglected relic of vernacular capitalism and vernacular intellectual history. Furthermore, the text presents an opportunity to reexamine the history of the Indian intellectual and mercantile engagement with late Qing China, especially before anticolonial nationalism and pan-Asianism supplied new paradigms for Indian writing on East Asia beginning around 1900. It further points to the many unstudied Indian materials that have yet to be integrated into the study of modern capitalism in the regions from the South China Sea to the western Indian Ocean.
26
Annamalai, H., H. Okajima, and M. Watanabe. "Possible Impact of the Indian Ocean SST on the Northern Hemisphere Circulation during El Niño*." Journal of Climate 20, no. 13 (July 1, 2007): 3164–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli4156.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Two atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs), differing in numerics and physical parameterizations, are employed to test the hypothesis that El Niño–induced sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the tropical Indian Ocean impact considerably the Northern Hemisphere extratropical circulation anomalies during boreal winter [January–March +1 (JFM +1)] of El Niño years. The hypothesis grew out of recent findings that ocean dynamics influence SST variations over the southwest Indian Ocean (SWIO), and these in turn impact local precipitation. A set of ensemble simulations with the AGCMs was carried out to assess the combined and individual effects of tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean SST anomalies on the extratropical circulation. To elucidate the dynamics responsible for the teleconnection, solutions were sought from a linear version of one of the AGCMs. Both AGCMs demonstrate that the observed precipitation anomalies over the SWIO are determined by local SST anomalies. Analysis of the circulation response shows that over the Pacific–North American (PNA) region, the 500-hPa height anomalies, forced by Indian Ocean SST anomalies, oppose and destructively interfere with those forced by tropical Pacific SST anomalies. The model results validated with reanalysis data show that compared to the runs where only the tropical Pacific SST anomalies are specified, the root-mean-square error of the height anomalies over the PNA region is significantly reduced in runs in which the SST anomalies in the Indian Ocean are prescribed in addition to those in the tropical Pacific. Among the ensemble members, both precipitation anomalies over the SWIO and the 500-hPa height over the PNA region show high potential predictability. The solutions from the linear model indicate that the Rossby wave packets involved in setting up the teleconnection between the SWIO and the PNA region have a propagation path that is quite different from the classical El Niño–PNA linkage. The results of idealized experiments indicate that the Northern Hemisphere extratropical response to Indian Ocean SST anomalies is significant and the effect of this response needs to be considered in understanding the PNA pattern during El Niño years. The results presented herein suggest that the tropical Indian Ocean plays an active role in climate variability and that accurate observation of SST there is of urgent need.
27
Misra, Vasubandhu. "The Influence of Pacific SST Variability on the Precipitation over Southern Africa." Journal of Climate 16, no. 14 (July 15, 2003): 2408–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2785.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This study is an analysis of AGCM model results to understand the dynamics of the response of precipitation over southern Africa (SA) to anomalies in the sea surface temperature (SST) over the Pacific Ocean. The pattern of interannual precipitation anomaly over SA and its temporal variations are quite similar in both the ensemble mean of the control (where AGCM is forced with observed SSTs in all ocean basins) and experimental runs (where AGCM is forced with seasonally varying climatological SST over the Pacific Ocean). However, the amplitude of the variability is found to be relatively reduced in the experimental runs. This is shown to be a result of the modulation of the Walker circulation by the variability of Pacific Ocean SST. The regional teleconnection pattern between the dominant mode of SA precipitation variability and SST anomalies over the eastern Indian Ocean is also influenced by the variations in Pacific SST. The nature of the teleconnection between SA precipitation and eastern Indian SST is apparent only when the Pacific SST variability is excluded. This is corroborated from observations as well.
28
Chaudhari, Hemantkumar S., Samir Pokhrel, Subodh K. Saha, Ashish Dhakate, R. K. Yadav, Kiran Salunke, Somnath Mahapatra, C. T. Sabeerali, and Suryachandra A. Rao. "Model biases in long coupled runs of NCEP CFS in the context of Indian summer monsoon." International Journal of Climatology 33, no. 5 (April 11, 2012): 1057–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.3489.
Full text
29
Chattopadhyay, Rajib, Suryachandra A. Rao, C. T. Sabeerali, Gibies George, D. Nagarjuna Rao, Ashish Dhakate, and Kiran Salunke. "Large-scale teleconnection patterns of Indian summer monsoon as revealed by CFSv2 retrospective seasonal forecast runs." International Journal of Climatology 36, no. 9 (December 7, 2015): 3297–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.4556.
Full text
30
Singh, Sanjay Kumar, Mukesh Kumar Jain, and Shoeba. "Information Spillover in Indian Agricultural Commodities Market." Asia-Pacific Journal of Management Research and Innovation 16, no. 3 (September 2020): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2319510x21994048.
Full textAbstract:
Role of agricultural sector in Indian economy is prominent, as being an agrarian economy and having the second highest population in the world. Thus, the efficiency of this sector is the foremost factor for development and growth of the economy. This article attempts to examine the price discovery relationship of future and spot prices of five agricultural commodities, namely cardamom, crude palm oil, cotton, mentha oil and kapas, during the period 2011–2019. Johansen’s co-integration test, vector error correction model (VECM) and Granger causality block exogeneity test were employed for the study. We found that price discovery process is established for agricultural commodities under consideration. Future prices act as a leader in achieving long-run equilibrium for all commodities except cardamom. Causality was significantly reported for all commodities, as bidirectional causality runs between the prices. The study suggests that Forward Market Commission should be empowered more to control and regulate the market, which will ensure the efficient market situations in these commodities’ market. Attempt was made to evaluate price discovery process in agricultural commodities market during post sub-prime crisis period, which was ignored by majority of researchers.
31
Pakzad, A. "TEM Sample Preparation Made Easier: Ar Ion Mill that Counts Reflected Light Fringes and Runs Recipes Automatically." Microscopy and Microanalysis 19, S2 (August 2013): 1324–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927613008611.
Full text
32
Bedlack, Richard, and Dan Joseph. "A Great Yankee's Indian Summer: Did Lou Gehrig Experience a Temporary ALS Reversal While Playing in August 1938?" RRNMF Neuromuscular Journal 1, no. 3 (July 17, 2020): 2–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/rrnmf.v1i3.13681.
Full textAbstract:
Nineteen thirty-eight was the last full season played by baseball slugger Lou Gehrig before amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) forced him to retire. He struggled to hit and field well for much of the season, and his final statistics -- a .295 batting average, 29 home runs, 114 runs batted in – were unusually low for him. But in mid-season, Gehrig enjoyed a streak in which he seemed to regain his previous power. This three-week stretch, not studied closely by neurologists or baseball historians until now, suggests that the “Iron Horse” may have experienced a temporary ALS reversal, which can be instructive for researchers and those coping with the disease.
33
Martin, Donna, Eleanor Yurkovich, and Kara Anderson. "American Indians’ Family Health Concern on a Northern Plains Reservation: “Diabetes Runs Rampant Here”." Public Health Nursing 33, no. 1 (September 3, 2015): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/phn.12225.
Full text
34
Sharma, O. P., H. Le Treut, G. Sèze, L. Fairhead, and R. Sadourny. "Interannual Variations of Summer Monsoons: Sensitivity to Cloud Radiative Forcing." Journal of Climate 11, no. 8 (August 1, 1998): 1883–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442-11.8.1883.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The sensitivity of the interannual variations of the summer monsoons to imposed cloudiness has been studied with a general circulation model using the initial conditions prepared from the European Centre for Medium-Range Forecasts analyses of 1 May 1987 and 1988. The cloud optical properties in this global model are calculated from prognostically computed cloud liquid water. The model successfully simulates the contrasting behavior of these two successive monsoons. However, when the optical properties of the observed clouds are specified in the model runs, the simulations show some degradation over India and its vicinity. The main cause of this degradation is the reduced land–sea temperature contrast resulting from the radiative effects of the observed clouds imposed in such simulations. It is argued that the high concentration of condensed water content of clouds over the Indian land areas will serve to limit heating of the land, thereby reducing the thermal contrast that gives rise to a weak Somali jet. A countermonsoon circulation is, therefore, simulated in the vector difference field of 850-hPa winds from the model runs with externally specified clouds. This countermonsoon circulation is associated with an equatorial heat source that is the response of the model to the radiative effects of the imposed clouds. Indeed, there are at least two clear points that can be made: 1) the cloud–SST patterns, together, affect the interannual variability; and 2) with both clouds and SST imposed, the model simulation is less sensitive to initial conditions. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance of dynamically consistent clouds developing in response to the dynamical, thermal, and moist state of the atmosphere during model integrations.
35
Wu, Bo, Xiaolong Chen, Fengfei Song, Yong Sun, and Tianjun Zhou. "Initialized Decadal Predictions by LASG/IAP Climate System Model FGOALS-s2: Evaluations of Strengths and Weaknesses." Advances in Meteorology 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/904826.
Full textAbstract:
Decadal prediction experiments are conducted by using the coupled global climate model FGOALS-s2, following the CMIP 5 protocol. The paper documents the initialization procedures for the decadal prediction experiments and summarizes the predictive skills of the experiments, which are assessed through indicators adopted by the IPCC AR5. The observational anomalies of surface and subsurface ocean temperature and salinity are assimilated through a modified incremental analysis update (IAU) scheme. Three sets of 10-year-long hindcast and forecast runs were started every five years in the period of 1960–2005, with the initial conditions taken from the assimilation runs. The decadal prediction experiment by FGOALS-s2 shows significant high predictive skills in the Indian Ocean, tropical western Pacific, and Atlantic, similar to the results of the CMIP5 multimodel ensemble. The predictive skills in the Indian Ocean and tropical western Pacific are primarily attributed to the model response to the external radiative forcing associated with the change of atmospheric compositions. In contrast, the high skills in the Atlantic are attributed, at least partly, to the improvements in the prediction of the Atlantic multidecadal variability coming from the initialization.
36
Harigovind, P. C. "Informed Consent in Clinical Trials and the Role of Institutional Ethics Committees: A Socio-Legal Analysis." Christ University Law Journal 3, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12728/culj.4.1.
Full textAbstract:
Experimenting new drugs on human beings, is one of the
crucial human right issues faced by the third world
countries in the present century. It is true that the
international law had taken high concern of this social
issue after the Nuremberg Trials. The international law
mandates informed consent to be obtained from the
participants of clinical trials and this is the sole
mechanism through which the rights of the trial subjects
are being protected. The public health issues caused by
illegal and unethical trials over patients are now evident
in Indian health care system. The issue has come up for
consideration before the Supreme Court of India recently.
In India the law runs in tune with the international
parameters for conducting human experimentation. The
law on informed consent has a fatal impact over public
health care issues, especially over the matter of clinical
trials. Recent experiences in India reveal the threats
caused to the society by clinical experimentations. Clinical
trials and allied health issues are also brought to the
notice of the judiciary. The law on informed consent in
India is in its infant state. Exploring the doctrine of
informed consent is crucial to this study. The present
issue of clinical research which threatens the health care system is analysed and the doctrine of informed consent
to regulate the system is assessed to check its efficacy and
veracity. Analysis of the issue will help to communicate to
the public about the need for better exercise of the rights
of those who are subjected to clinical researches. The law
of informed consent is in many ways inadequate to deal
with the issues relating to clinical trials in India. The
doctrine of informed consent has to be redefined to a
great extent. The institutional review boards and Non-
Government Organisations (NGO) can play a vital role in
assuring proper observation of rules relating to regulation
of human trials.
37
CHAMBERS, THOMAS. "Continuity in Mind: Imagination and migration in India and the Gulf." Modern Asian Studies 52, no. 4 (March 27, 2018): 1420–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x1700049x.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIn the context of migration between Uttar Pradesh, other areas of India, and the Gulf, this article explores the role of the imagination in shaping subjective experiences of male Muslim migrants from a woodworking industry in the North Indian city of Saharanpur. Through attending to the dreams, aspirations, and hopes of labour migrants, the article argues that bridging the material and the imagined is critical to understanding not just patterns of migration, but also the subjective experiences of migrants themselves. Through a descriptive ethnographic account, involving journeys with woodworkers over one and a half years, the article explores the ways in which migration, its effects, and connections are shaped by the imagination, yet are also simultaneously active in shaping the imagination—a process that is self-perpetuating. Emerging from this, the article gives attention to continuity at the material, personal, and more emotive levels. This runs counter to research that situates migration as rupturing or change-driving within both the social and the subjective. These continuities play out in complex ways, providing comfort and familiarity, but also enabling the imaginations of migrants to be subverted, co-opted, influenced, and structured to meet the demands of labour markets both domestically and abroad.
38
Santoso, A., M. H. England, and W. Cai. "Impact of Indo-Pacific Feedback Interactions on ENSO Dynamics Diagnosed Using Ensemble Climate Simulations." Journal of Climate 25, no. 21 (November 2012): 7743–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00287.1.
Full textAbstract:
The impact of Indo-Pacific climate feedback on the dynamics of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is investigated using an ensemble set of Indian Ocean decoupling experiments (DCPL), utilizing a millennial integration of a coupled climate model. It is found that eliminating air–sea interactions over the Indian Ocean results in various degrees of ENSO amplification across DCPL simulations, with a shift in the underlying dynamics toward a more prominent thermocline mode. The DCPL experiments reveal that the net effect of the Indian Ocean in the control runs (CTRL) is a damping of ENSO. The extent of this damping appears to be negatively correlated to the coherence between ENSO and the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD). This type of relationship can arise from the long-lasting ENSO events that the model simulates, such that developing ENSO often coincides with Indian Ocean basin-wide mode (IOBM) anomalies during non-IOD years. As demonstrated via AGCM experiments, the IOBM enhances western Pacific wind anomalies that counteract the ENSO-enhancing winds farther east. In the recharge oscillator framework, this weakens the equatorial Pacific air–sea coupling that governs the ENSO thermocline feedback. Relative to the IOBM, the IOD is more conducive for ENSO growth. The net damping by the Indian Ocean in CTRL is thus dominated by the IOBM effect which is weaker with stronger ENSO–IOD coherence. The stronger ENSO thermocline mode in DCPL is consistent with the absence of any IOBM anomalies. This study supports the notion that the Indian Ocean should be viewed as an integral part of ENSO dynamics.
39
Schneider, Lindsey. ""There's Something in the Water": Salmon Runs and Settler Colonialism on the Columbia River." American Indian Culture and Research Journal 37, no. 2 (January 1, 2013): 149–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17953/aicr.37.2.0426145lx4v602u4.
Full textAbstract:
This paper seeks to decentralize the human and interrogate the ways in which settler colonialism shapes the land itself by engaging with indigenous epistemologies that take seriously notions of place, relationship with the land, and the spatially located lifeways of non-human beings. Analyzing public discourse around the ongoing lawsuit filed by the Humane Society against the states of Oregon and Washington and the Columbia River Indian tribes over the "humane" trapping and euthanizing of sea lions that endanger salmon populations, I reveal that the dominant rubric for human/"nature" relationships in the Northwest—shared natural resource management—has become ossified. By deconstructing the hegemonic notions of "nature" and the commons and to whom they belong that are encoded within the lawsuit, this paper demonstrates that the conquest of Native peoples and conquest of the land are co-constitutive, and that processes of settler colonialism must be considered in light of their geographically specific locations.
40
S, Suganya, and Sreeja S. "Women startup." Journal of Management and Science 9, no. 3 (December 30, 2019): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/jms.2019.16.
Full textAbstract:
Entrepreneurs play a key role in any economy. These are the people who have the skills and initiative necessary to take good new ideas to market and make the right decisions to make the idea profitable. The reward for the risks taken is the potential economic profits the entrepreneur could earn. Technically, a "women entrepreneur" is any women who organizes and manages any enterprise, usually with considerable initiative and risk. However, quite often the term "women-owned business" is used relative to government contracting. In this instance, the entrepreneur (a woman) owns (more than 50%), controls and runs the enterprise. Data has been collected from number of articles, books, periodicals and websites. The present study has been an attempt to generate awareness and to understand meaning, rationale for diversification. An extensive literature review is done on women entrepreneur. At the end some major problems faced by Indian women entrepreneurs, success stories of Indian women entrepreneurs, factors influencing women entrepreneurship and steps taken by the government for upliftment of Indian women entrepreneurs.
41
Steenbrink, K. A. "VII. Indian Teachers and their Indonesian Pupils: On Intellectual Relations between India and Indonesia, 1600–1800." Itinerario 12, no. 1 (March 1988): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300023391.
Full textAbstract:
One of the classical accounts on the coming and first establishment of Islam in Indonesia runs as follows: Already a long time before the birth of Islam a mighty stream of colonisation started from Hindustan towards Java and surrounding islands. This stream definitely dominated the culture of this area and its influence is felt until today. After part of the Hindus had accepted Islam, these Indian Muslims were active in the trade with the archipelago and part of them also settled in this area. These traders and emigrants brought Islam into the Indian Archipelago. It is true, that already before this period some other Muslim nations sought articles of trade from the East-Indies and even established small settlements there: surely there resulted no permanent religious influence from these settlements. Islam, such as received by the Indonesians, therefore already experienced a process of adaptation towards the world of Hinduism. This made it easier for this new religion to accommodate itself once again to a degenerated Hinduism. Islam in the East-Indies unmistakably shows the signs of this Indian origin.
42
Song, Yi, and Yongqiang Yu. "Impacts of External Forcing on the Decadal Climate Variability in CMIP5 Simulations*." Journal of Climate 28, no. 13 (July 1, 2015): 5389–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00492.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Decadal climate variability is usually regarded as an internal variability in the climate system. However, using the coupled simulations from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), it is demonstrated that the external radiative forcing plays an important role in modulating decadal variability of the global mean surface air temperature (SAT). In historical runs, the standard deviations of the global mean SAT exhibit robust increases relative to preindustrial runs, indicating that external forcing acts on decadal variability of the global mean SAT through enhancing amplitude and modulating phase. By comparing model results using different external forcing agents, it is found that the natural forcing agent has the strongest impact on the decadal time scale. Every type of simulation (i.e., the preindustrial, historical, natural forcing, and anthropogenic forcing runs) from almost all the CMIP5 models exhibits a high correlation between the net shortwave (SW) radiative flux at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) and the global mean SAT with a 13-month lag. However, after taking the multimodel ensemble mean for the TOA SW radiative flux and the SAT, respectively, the correlations from the external forcing runs are much higher than those from preindustrial runs. This is because that the decadal SAT anomalies from multiple models cancel each other out in the preindustrial runs without external forcing but generally follow decadal evolution of the external forcing with a 13-month lag. The most significant regional responses to external forcing are found in the tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans, although with different physical mechanisms for the natural and greenhouse gas forcing agents.
43
Mohanty, Simple. "The New Wave of Mobilisation in Kashmir: Religious or Political?" Social Change 48, no. 1 (March 2018): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049085717743838.
Full textAbstract:
The intractability of the Kashmir conundrum continues despite the success of counter-insurgency operations carried out by the Indian state which can be seen in militancy levels climbing down since the early 2000s. While in part, this is because India and Pakistan are unable to break new ground on Kashmir, a key factor is that alienation still runs deep among Kashmiri people despite duly elected governments being in place. It does not help when their anxieties are further stoked by religio-political mobilisation, such as the Amarnath land agitation in Jammu in 2008, when Hindutva forces enforced a blockade of essential supplies to the Kashmir Valley. A spate of protests have since wracked Kashmir with stone-pelters confronting security persons who use disproportionate violence to quell them. Though each street protest, whether in 2008, 2009, 2010, 2013 or 2016, had a different trigger, the underlying restlessness and alienation are constants which pose a very real danger of breeding anarchy. This article seeks to explore whether this new wave of mobilisation in Kashmir is religious or political or both in nature, its causal factors and how it is different from the armed insurgency that erupted in 1989. It contends that the state must address and fix such alienation urgently to prevent things going further downhill in the Valley.
44
Meister, Michael W. "Mountain Temples and Temple-Mountains: Masrur." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 65, no. 1 (March 1, 2006): 26–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25068237.
Full textAbstract:
In the first half of the eighth century, Indian craftsmen cut back a high ridge of sandstone, its back to the Beās River and the plains beyond, and carved a grand temple-complex facing northeast toward the Dhauladhar range, the first outcropping of the great Himalayan Mountains. Never completed, and damaged by successive earthquakes that sheered the stone and folded parts of the complex back into the hill, the temple at Masrur-in the modern Indian state of Himachal Pradesh-seems today half returned to its primordial condition. Its ground plan, partial section, and a roof plan, drawn by an unidentified Indian draftsman, were published in the second decade of the twentieth century, but scholarship since has neglected and misrepresented the site. It is possible to reconstruct the intention of the planning of this important complex, however, and to reposition it in a historical and symbolic context. Its creation not only marked a movement of political power into the hills in the eighth century, but also mapped cosmological power and kingship in a new way. The metaphor of temple as mountain runs throughout India's traditions of building, but, as this article demonstrates, the temple at Masrur, beyond all others from the Indian subcontinent, provides the antecedent and conceptual model for the great "temple-mountains" of Cambodia soon to be built by kings in southeast Asia.
45
Annamalai, H., J. Potemra, R. Murtugudde, and J. P. McCreary. "Effect of Preconditioning on the Extreme Climate Events in the Tropical Indian Ocean*." Journal of Climate 18, no. 17 (September 1, 2005): 3450–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3494.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Sea surface temperature observations in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean (EEIO) during the period 1950–2003 indicate that Indian Ocean dipole/zonal mode (IODZM) events are strong in two decades, namely, the 1960s and 1990s. Atmospheric reanalysis products in conjunction with output from an ocean model are examined to investigate the possible reason for the occurrence of strong IODZM events in these two decades. Specifically, the hypothesis that the mean thermocline in the EEIO is raised or lowered depending on the phase of Pacific decadal variability (PDV), preconditioning the EEIO to favor stronger or weaker IODZM activity, is examined. Diagnostics reveal that the EEIO is preconditioned by the traditional PDV signal (SVD1 of SST), deepening or shoaling the thermocline off south Java through its influence on the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF; oceanic teleconnection), and by residual decadal variability in the western and central Pacific (SVD2 of SST) that changes the equatorial winds over the Indian Ocean (atmospheric teleconnection). Both effects produce a background state that is either favorable or unfavorable for the thermocline–mixed layer interactions, and hence for the excitation of strong IODZM events. Collectively, SVD1 and SVD2 are referred to as PDV here. This hypothesis is tested with a suite of ocean model experiments. First, two runs are carried out, forced by climatological winds to which idealized easterly or westerly winds are added only over the equatorial Indian Ocean. As might be expected, in the easterly (westerly) run a shallower (deeper) thermocline is obtained over the EEIO. Then, observed winds from individual years are used to force the model. In these runs, anomalously cool SST in the EEIO develops only during decades when the thermocline is anomalously shallow, allowing entrainment of colder waters into the mixed layer. Since 1999 the PDV phase has changed, and consistent with this hypothesis the depth of the mean thermocline in the EEIO has been increasing. As a consequence, no IODZM developed during the El Niño of 2002, and only a weak cooling event occurred during the summer of 2003. This hypothesis likely also explains why some strong IODZM events occur in the absence of ENSO forcing, provided that PDV has preconditioned the EEIO thermocline to be anomalously shallow.
46
Gormley, M., L. A. Williams, and B. Ongole. "Up-scaling sanitation provision using mixed design methodologies and failure risk assessment: a case study of Marikuppam, India." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 8, no. 1 (November 20, 2017): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2017.084.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Simplified sewerage provides an improved alternative to single user on-site options in peri-urban areas in India, and contributes to the aim of reducing the need for human handling of waste (manual scavenging), and the Government's goal of making India open defecation free by 2019. This research develops a mixed methodologies approach to design, optimise and assess failure risk for a proposed installation in a village in India. A steady state simplified sewerage model was used to do the initial design which was further modelled in DRAINET, a numerical model traditionally used for building drainage systems. The input data for DRAINET were obtained from a detailed survey carried out on site, which included usage pattern and focus group data. A total of 106 properties were included in the design and the survey. Test runs were carried out for the whole site over a 12-hour period. All main pipe runs were 100 mm diameter and set to a gradient of 1:100. A risk model was developed and applied to the DRAINET results which confirmed that the design operated effectively; however, there were areas of concern at the extremities of the site, which required additional flow boosting devices or gradient changed.
47
Lyon, Bradfield. "Biases in CMIP5 Sea Surface Temperature and the Annual Cycle of East African Rainfall." Journal of Climate 33, no. 19 (October 1, 2020): 8209–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-20-0092.1.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIn much of East Africa, climatological rainfall follows a bimodal distribution characterized by the long rains (March–May) and short rains (October–December). Most CMIP5 coupled models fail to properly simulate this annual cycle, typically reversing the amplitudes of the short and long rains relative to observations. This study investigates how CMIP5 climatological sea surface temperature (SST) biases contribute to simulation errors in the annual cycle of East African rainfall. Monthly biases in CMIP5 climatological SSTs (50°S–50°N) are first identified in historical runs (1979–2005) from 31 models and examined for consistency. An atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) is then forced with observed SSTs (1979–2005) generating a set of control runs and observed SSTs plus the monthly, multimodel mean SST biases generating a set of “bias” runs for the same period. The control runs generally capture the observed annual cycle of East African rainfall while the bias runs capture prominent CMIP5 annual cycle biases, including too little (much) precipitation during the long rains (short rains) and a 1-month lag in the peak of the long rains relative to observations. Diagnostics reveal the annual cycle biases are associated with seasonally varying north–south- and east–west-oriented SST bias patterns in Indian Ocean and regional-scale atmospheric circulation and stability changes, the latter primarily associated with changes in low-level moist static energy. Overall, the results indicate that CMIP5 climatological SST biases are the primary driver of the improper simulation of the annual cycle of East African rainfall. Some implications for climate change projections are discussed.
48
Lozano-Avendaño, Leidy, Alix Zoraida Bohórquez-Ortiz, and Gloria Esperanza Zambrano-Plata. "Implicaciones familiares y sociales de la muerte materna." Universidad y Salud 18, no. 2 (August 31, 2016): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.22267/rus.161802.45.
Full textAbstract:
ResumenIntroducción: La mortalidad materna es considerada un indicador sensible al desarrollo social, porque muchas de estas muertes ocurren por razones evitables, vinculadas a condiciones de pobreza. Hay datos estadísticos sobre el número de muertes maternas a nivel internacional y local, que resaltan la magnitud del problema, así como el conocimiento científico de las causas de estos fallecimientos; pero escasa información publicada sobre el impacto familiar y el desequilibrio que se produce cuando ocurre una muerte materna, situación que trae consigo desconocimiento sobre la real situación de los hijos huérfanos y la familia. Objetivo: Conocer las implicaciones familiares y sociales de la muerte materna a través de la revisión sistemática de la literatura científica publicada. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos incluidas en los servicios LILACS, ProQuest, MEDLINE y en la biblioteca virtual de salud SciELO. La muestra final fue de 20 artículos. Resultados: Los estudios mostraron que la pérdida inesperada de la madre genera consecuencias emocionales, económicas y de salud en todos los miembros del hogar. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos indican que esta problemática debe ser abordada de manera integral con el fin de mitigar el impacto que genera la muerte materna. AbstractIntroduction: Maternal mortality is considered a sensitive indicator of social development, as many of these deaths occur for preventable reasons, linked to poverty. There is statistical data on the number of internationally and locally maternal deaths, which highlights the magnitude of the problem as well as the scientific knowledge of the causes of these deaths; but there is limited published information on the family impact and imbalance that occurs when a maternal death occurs, which leads to lack of knowledge about the real situation of orphaned children and family. Objective: To know the family and social implications of maternal death through a systematic review of the published scientific literature. Materials and methods: A search in the databases including LILACS, PROQUEST, MEDLINE services and virtual health library SCIELO was conducted. The final sample consisted of 20 articles. Results: The studies showed that the unexpected loss of the mother generates emotional, economic and health consequences for all household members. Conclusions: The findings indicate that this problem must be addressed comprehensively in order to mitigate the impact generated by maternal death.
49
Nantung, Tommy, Ghassan Chehab, Scott Newbolds, Khaled Galal, Shuo Li, and Dae Hyeon Kim. "Implementation Initiatives of the Mechanistic–Empirical Pavement Design Guides in Indiana." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1919, no. 1 (January 2005): 142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105191900115.
Full textAbstract:
The release of the Mechanistic–Empirical Design Guide for New and Rehabilitated Pavement Structures (M-E design guide) generated a new paradigm for designing and analyzing pavement structures. It is expected to replace the commonly used empirical design methodologies. The M-E design guide uses a comprehensive suite of input parameters deemed necessary to design pavements with high reliability and to predict pavement performance and distresses realistically. However, the considerable amount of input needed and the selection of the corresponding reliability level for each might present state highway agencies with complexities and challenges in its implementation. An overview is presented of ongoing investigative studies, sensitivity analyses, and preimplementation initiatives conducted by the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) in an effort to accelerate the adoption of the new pavement design guide by efficiently using existing design parameters and determining those parameters that influence the predicted performance the most. Once the sensitive inputs are identified, the large amount of other required design input parameters can be significantly reduced to a manageable level for implementation purposes. A matrix of trial runs conducted with the M-E design guide software suggests that a higher design level input does not necessarily guarantee a higher accuracy in predicting pavement performance. The software runs also confirmed the need to use input values obtained from local rather than national calibration. Such findings are important for state highway agencies such as INDOT in drafting initiatives for implementing the M-E design guide.
50
Annamalai, H., K. Hamilton, and K. R. Sperber. "The South Asian Summer Monsoon and Its Relationship with ENSO in the IPCC AR4 Simulations." Journal of Climate 20, no. 6 (March 15, 2007): 1071–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli4035.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In this paper the extensive integrations produced for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) are used to examine the relationship between ENSO and monsoons at interannual and decadal time scales. The study begins with an analysis of the monsoon simulation in the twentieth-century integrations. Six of the 18 models were found to have a reasonably realistic representation of monsoon precipitation climatology. For each of these six models SST and anomalous precipitation evolution along the equatorial Pacific during El Niño events display considerable differences when compared to observations. Out of these six models only four [Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Climate Model versions 2.0 and 2.1 (GFDL_CM_2.0 and GFDL_CM_2.1), Meteorological Research Institute (MRI) model, and Max Planck Institute ECHAM5 (MPI_ECHAM5)] exhibit a robust ENSO–monsoon contemporaneous teleconnection, including the known inverse relationship between ENSO and rainfall variations over India. Lagged correlations between the all-India rainfall (AIR) index and Niño-3.4 SST reveal that three models represent the timing of the teleconnection, including the spring predictability barrier, which is manifested as the transition from positive to negative correlations prior to the monsoon onset. Furthermore, only one of these three models (GFDL_CM_2.1) captures the observed phase lag with the strongest anticorrelation of SST peaking 2–3 months after the summer monsoon, which is partially attributable to the intensity of the simulated El Niño itself. The authors find that the models that best capture the ENSO–monsoon teleconnection are those that correctly simulate the timing and location of SST and diabatic heating anomalies in the equatorial Pacific and the associated changes to the equatorial Walker circulation during El Niño events. The strength of the AIR-Niño-3.4 SST correlation in the model runs waxes and wanes to some degree on decadal time scales. The overall magnitude and time scale for this decadal modulation in most of the models is similar to that seen in observations. However, there is little consistency in the phase among the realizations, suggesting a lack of predictability of the decadal modulation of the monsoon–ENSO relationship. The analysis was repeated for each of the four models using results from integrations in which the atmospheric CO2 concentration was raised to twice preindustrial values. From these “best” models in the double CO2 simulations there are increases in both the mean monsoon rainfall over the Indian subcontinent (by 5%–25%) and in its interannual variability (5%–10%). For each model the ENSO–monsoon correlation in the global warming runs is very similar to that in the twentieth-century runs, suggesting that the ENSO–monsoon connection will not weaken as global climate warms. This result, though plausible, needs to be taken with some caution because of the diversity in the simulation of ENSO variability in the coupled models that have been analyzed. Implications of the present results for monsoon prediction are discussed.