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Fish, Chelsea Ann. "Land Acquisition for Special Economic Zones in India." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/110377.
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GeographyM.A.
This study is an exploration of land acquisition for Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in India. Land acquisition has become one of the most well known problems confronting the SEZ policy and other policies that encourage private investment in infrastructure. Land acquisition for SEZs has caused widespread popular mobilizations and resistance, which have in turn led to cost overruns, delays, and project failures. This study examines India's land acquisition framework, particularly the evolution of the Land Acquisition Act 1894, in order to understand the factors contributing to acquisition problems when the state uses its power of eminent domain, as well as when private developers attempt to acquire land through consensual market transactions. It uses two SEZs spanning over 14,000 hectares of land near Mumbai--Navi Mumbai SEZ and Mumbai SEZ--as cases through which to examine the land acquisition process.
Temple University--Theses
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Zimmerman, Bethany Anne. "Sustainable Operation of Special Economic Zones in India: A Comparative Study of Maharashtra and Goa." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/24012.
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In 2005, the Government of India (GoI) introduced the Special Economic Zone (SEZ) Act, which changed the way India attracted foreign investors who wanted to utilize the country's natural and human capital. Considerable scholarly literature has examined why investment has been located in particular areas of India and described the factors that contribute to initiating economic growth. Yet the observation inspiring this research was that some states have operational SEZs, while other states with approved SEZ plans see investors retreat from their commitments. Why do some states have operational SEZs and other states do not?
Focusing on the states of Maharashtra and Goa, this study explored information about the de-notification of zones in both states, leading to an examination of whether the factors that contributed to de-notification in Maharashtra were similar to those keeping Goa from having operational SEZs. I hypothesized that land acquisition practices, lack of physical infrastructure, and poor social infrastructure were key factors contributing to Maharashtra's de-notification and to Goa's struggle to create operational zones. The findings suggest that in order for SEZs to remain operational, comprehensive legislation must be put in place that addresses land rights, job training, and general education. Such a change would allow the residents in each state to participate more in the SEZ development scheme while mitigating India's endemic poverty.Master of Arts
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Garapati, Sweta. "A Comparitive Study of the Impact of Special Economic Zones on Economic Development in China and India." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/452.
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In recent times, special economic zones have become a popular mode of promoting economic development in developing countries. Through SEZs China has achieved immense economic growth, a model, which a number of developing countries are trying to emulate. India followed suite in establishing SEZs, however, it has not been able to achieve the same success as China. In this paper, I perform a comparitive analysis between India and China and study the impact on economic development. By highlighting the differences between the SEZs in the two countries I explain the reason for China's immediate success and India's slow growth. I finally conclude that SEZs are a viable method of achieving economic development, especially for developing countries.
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Bedi, Heather Clare Plumridge. "Contesting land, uneven development, and privilege : social movement resistance to Special Economic Zones in Goa, India." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610513.
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Li, Li. "China's special economic zones /." Genève : L. Li, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36634872w.
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De, Flore Emilie Roxane. "À la (con)quête des sols : micro-logiques et stratégies foncières dans la production des corridors industriels de Chennai, Inde." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC1167/document.
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Cette thèse s'intéresse à l'interaction des transactions dans le montage opérationnel de grands projets immobiliers et industriels. Depuis deux décennies à Chennai (capitale du Tamil Nadu, Inde), les pouvoirs publics font la promotion des Corridors de développement économique, qui transforment des hectares de terre, voire des villages entiers. Si les politiques publiques, la gestion des organisations ou les conflits qu'entraîne l'émergence de ces projets impliquant des acteurs multiples et exogènes sont étudiés, peu de travaux s'attachent à décomposer les mécanismes anticipés, les multiples formes de négociations et les contextes historiques dans lesquels s'inscrivent ces projets. En étudiant la rencontre de la localité avec le projet et les reconfigurations de la société locale qu'elle implique, nous changeons de perspective : nous donnons à voir comment les forces locales s'approprient ces vecteurs de croissance pour asseoir ou défendre leur position sociale. A travers l'étude ethnographique de villages, nous décrivons et renseignons les représentations associées au sol et les pratiques d'acquisition foncière afin d'éclairer les micro-logiques : ces processus fragiles et incertains dans lesquels les acteurs s'impliquent de façon coordonnée ou non. Cette approche soulève les paradoxes dans la concrétisation des projets, qui malgré leur planification, découlent tant de rapports de forces que de compromis. Elle rend également compte de la production d'innovations foncières qui articulent les normes juridiques, les jeux politiques, les croyances et appartenances sociales qui s'imposentThis thesis examines the interactions of transactions entailed in the process of setting up residential and industrial Mega-Projects. In Chennai (capital of Tamil Nadu, India), the regional government has been promoting Economic Development Corridors, which, for over two decades, have been transforming hectares of private agricultural lands, public lands and even entire villages. Although research on public policies, foreign private investment or land conflicts is well documented, little attention has been paid to the upstream mechanisms, the multiplicity of negotiations and the historical context in which those projects develop. By studying the interaction between villages and projects and the social and spatial local transformation taking place, this work presents a new perspective : how do local actors appropriate those vectors of growth to strengthen and defend their social position? Using ethnographic methodology, we describe and examine the meaning of land and land acquisition practices in order to bring to light the "micro-logics": fragile and uncertain processes in which actors implement non-linear and flexible strategies. This approach allows highlighting the paradoxes inherent in the process of project concretisation and which result from power relationships and compromises. In addition, it allows to unpack "land innovations processes" which emerge from legal norms, the interplay of political forces, beliefs and social roles
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Bergenholtz, Julle, and Åsa Ljusenius. "Destruction in the name of Development : a study on grassroots advocacy in rural India." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, SV, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-12523.
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The aim of this Bachelor thesis is to find keys to successful advocacy in a rural, Indian setting. The study is based on inductive, explorative research at a grassroots level, from a bottom-up perspective. Geographically, it takes place in the East Godavari District, in the state of Andhra Pradesh. At the centre of this study is the NGO:s Sujana and the Kadali Network, who are both advocating the rights of poor, marginalised and deprived people, as well as training people to carry out advocacy themselves. The theoretical framework for this thesis originates from theories within development communication, advocacy and Participatory Rural Appraisal. The research was carried out by making 16 individual interviews and 3 focus group interviews. Findings from the interviews have been categorised into themes and analysed through meaning condensation. The result of this study shows that there are multiple ways in which grassroots movements in East Godavari conduct advocacy. The analysis states that advocacy can be successful in a short to medium time span; the most prominent keys to success being: having a driving spirit, being creative, developing networks and being knowledgeable about laws and rights. In a longer time span though, the advocacy and struggle for change is hampered by lack of, or conflicting, political interest from the local government and by conflicting economical interests from companies.
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Knoth, Claus. "Special economic zones and economic transformation : the case of the people's Republic of China /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB8562474.
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Reyes, Richard R. "Latin American special economic zones and their impacts on regional security." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/5667.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.Latin America is often considered the United States' strategic backyard. However, with the advent of globalization and technology, this backyard is no longer strictly "American." As the region becomes more accessible and readily influenced by external actors and the United States' security concerns focus elsewhere, a growing opportunity is present in the Western Hemisphere for organized criminal networks and terror financing to take hold. Although globalization provides Latin American nations with ties to the world economy, it comes at a price for regional security. One of the most vulnerable products of a globalized Latin America is the Special Economic Zones in the region. Special Economic Zones (SEZs) throughout Latin America represent the delicate seesaw game that globalization and security play. Although SEZs attract foreign direct investment, fuel jobs, and grow linkages in local economies, they are also extremely vulnerable to crime and corruption. The entrenched permissive environment for criminal activity and links to transnational terrorism is a serious issue for regional and global security. This paper will examine the vulnerabilities of SEZs in Latin America through a comparative case study approach of the Colon Free Zone and the Triple State Border Area (Zona Franca de Ciudad del Este).
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Al, Sakka F. A. M. "Human capital development in special economic zones : the case of Dubai." Thesis, University of Salford, 2014. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/31867/.
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The notion of human capital as an economic asset was first emerged in 1961 when Theodore Schultz coined the phrase. In the current most serious economic crisis since the 1930s, strategists and analysts in governments and commercial institutions are turning to people as being the most important asset in regaining economic stability and growth. This study aims to establish a framework to measure the impact of special economic zones on human capital accumulation within the context of Dubai. This framework will help decision makers to set up effective policies for future economic zones and to focus resources on key factors to accelerate the development of local human capital which is vital for the city’s economic growth. The specific research questions were: To what level does human capital accumulation occur within Dubai SEZs? What characterises human capital development in SEZs? What are the drivers of human capital development in Dubai SEZs? The research was carried out in three phases. The first phase was an exploratory study used to localise the variables, introduce adjustment, validate, verify, discuss variables obtained from the literature review, and to present the conceptual framework. The second phase measured the impact as well as the relationship of each variable on human capital development, to explain how human capital is developed within special economic zone firms, to gather more data and information about the localised variables influencing human capital development, and to collect data to build up a Human Capital Index. The third phase compares the impact of special economic zones on human capital in a cross comparison of firms’ development. An in-depth literature review was conducted on human capital and special economic zones. By focusing on the macro and micro levels, the study shed light on the factors that drive human capital development. The study established a framework to measure the impact of special economic zones on human capital accumulation within the context of Dubai. The proposed framework is characterised by education level, years of experience, the level of continuous knowledge accumulation, employees’ ability to build competence, and the application of the learnt education, knowledge and practice. The framwork proposed that human capital development is driven by the firm’s type, size, financial performance, free zone level of clustering, culture of avoidance and collectivness, and finally, the level of technical know-how spillover. The research concludes that human capital development does take place in Dubai special economic zones but at a moderate level. Human capital development is affected by the firm’s type, its financial performance, the level of clustering in the free zone, and what level of technical know-how spillover has influenced human capital development within Dubai free zones. In contrast, the culture of collectiveness is realised to have a minor effect on human capital development within free zone firms, while an avoidance culture is recognised to have no impact whatsoever.
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Cross, Jamie Joseph. "Producing beauty : the social politics of mass production at a special economic zone in South India." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.444377.
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NOZAKI, Kenji, and 謙二 野崎. "Japan’s Economic Structural Reform: Regulatory Reform and Special Zones for Structural Reform." 名古屋大学大学院経済学研究科附属国際経済政策研究センター, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10878.
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Hao, Zhang. "Chinese special economic zones and the developmentof african countries : the Mozambique case." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7699.
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Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Cooperação InternacionalAs primeiras Zonas Económicas Especiais (ZEEs) bem estabelecidas são indispensáveis no rápido crescimento económico da China. Graças ao crescimento impulsionado pelas ZEEs e outros factores no âmbito de desenvolvimento internacional, a China está a ganhar mais capital. A política de "Going out" do governo chinês incentiva mais empresas chinesas a investir mais em mercados emergentes, como a América Latina, especialmente em África. Nos últimos 10 anos, a economia de Moçambique tem crescido firmemente a um ritmo impressionante de mais de 7 por cento ao ano, impulsionado pelo sector dos serviços, agricultura e sector da indústria recém-desenvolvida, especialmente da indústria extractiva. Este ritmo deveria continuar. O Investimento Directo Estrangeiro (IDE) chinês em Moçambique está a aumentar e o comércio e a cooperação bilateral estão cada vez mais estreitos e diversificados. Depois de analisar a experiência e as lições das ZEEs da China, e outros modelos de desenvolvimento, vou analisar algumas dimensões com base no acima exposto. Vou investigar, no contexto da África, se Moçambique tem os mesmos factores de sucesso que as Zonas Económicas Especiais da China e outros modelos de desenvolvimento económico.
The first well-developed Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are indispensable in the rapid economic growth of China. Thanks to the growth driven by the SEZs and other factors by the development of international context, China is gaining more physical capital. The Chinese Government's policy of "oing out" encourages more Chinese companies to invest more in the emerging markets, like Latin America, especially Africa. In the last 10 years, Mozambique's economy has grown steadily at an impressive rate of above 7 percent per year, driven by the service sector, agriculture and newly developed industry sector, especially extractive industry. This pace is expected to continue. The Chinese Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Mozambique is increasing and the bilateral trade and cooperation are more and more close and diversified. After analyzing the Chinese SEZs experience and lessons, and other development models, I will analyze some dimensions based on the above. I am going to research, in the context of Africa, if Mozambique has the same factors of success as the Chinese Special Economic Zones and other economic development models.
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楊國安 and Arthur K. Yeung. "Comparative study of organisation structure of hotels in Hong Kong, special economic zones and Guangzhou (PRC)." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1986. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31207492.
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Yeung, Kwok-on. "Comparative study of organisation structure of hotels in Hong Kong, special economic zones and Guangzhou (PRC) /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1986. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13019132.
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Saggers, Graeme Donald. "A critical analysis of the fiscal incentives offered to a particular South African Special Economic Zones." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16869.
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Includes bibliographical referencesSpecial Economic Zones ("SEZs") have proved an effective tool to encourage and incentivise foreign direct investment in developing countries over the past 50 years. South Africa has been a relatively late adopter of an SEZ regime and only formally incorporated SEZs via the Industrial Development Zone ("IDZ") programme in late 2000. The ID programme has been largely unsuccessful with limited and slow investment. This has resulted in an overhaul of the programme resulting in the launch of the SEZ programme in2012 which included the promulgation of the Special Economic Zones Act and a suite of new tax incentives which were announced in the 2013 Taxation Laws Amendment Act. This study was performed in order to analyse the fiscal incentives available to South African SEZs against the backdrop of successes and failures experienced by other developing nations with more mature SEZ regimes. By firstly reviewing the history of SEZs internationally, context was provided which indicated the need for a successful SEZ programme in South Africa. As globalisation has developed in the modern era, so too has competition for foreign direct investment amongst developing nations. It is thus of paramount importance for South Africa, as late adopters, to ensure that their SEZ programme is designed appropriately. A detailed analysis of each tax incentive was performed which illustrated where opportunities can be found by foreign investors and additionally highlighted some disincentives in the South African regime. A review of the main incentives offered by the more developed and successful developing nations (Brazil, Russia, India and China) identified certain opportunities where South Africa could learn from the successes and failures of these countries. Further, some specific case studies were analysed in order to glean risks to the sustainability of South Africa's SEZ programme. From these reviews and comparisons it was found that whilst it may not be possible to predict whether or not South Africa's SEZ programme will be successful, there are some areas where it is suggested that the current fiscal incentives can be enhanced to encourage quicker investment by foreign companies and the creation of investment which has a sustainable benefit to the local economy.
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Chow, Frederick Ping-hon, and 鄒秉漢. "A study on the manufacturing joint ventures in the Pearl River Delta outside the special economic zones." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1989. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3126430X.
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Chow, Frederick Ping-hon. "A study on the manufacturing joint ventures in the Pearl River Delta outside the special economic zones /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1989. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1237426X.
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Homolka, Šimon. "Zvláštní ekonomické zóny v Indii a Číně." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-162537.
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The diploma thesis deals with analysis of special economic zones in India and China. First, the general characteristics of special economic zones is given, the following section describes conditions of creation of special economic zones in China and India. Then the thesis focuses on the development of gross domestic product, foreign direct investments and exports in Chinese and Indian zones and relevant areas. The final chapter assesses the benefits of setting up special economic zones for India and China and compares the zones in both countries. The thesis finds out the development of special economic zones in China successful, while in India this policy did not reach satisfactory results. Fundamental roots of successful or unsuccessful functioning of Chinese and Indian zones are mentioned too.
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Dutta, Madhumita. "Gendering labour geography : mapping women's world of labour through everyday geographies of work-life at a Special Economic Zone in Tamil Nadu, India." Thesis, Durham University, 2016. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11679/.
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The thesis looks at the experiences of work and life of young women workers who have migrated from their villages to work in an electronics factory in a Special Economic Zone in Tamil Nadu, India. Moving beyond the lens of exploitation or emancipation, the thesis attempts to understand the meaning of work and relations that develop around it. It does so by focusing on the everyday lived experiences and practices of women inside and outside the factory. The thesis pays attention to individual stories to create linkages between lives as waged workers in a formal workspace with the informal nature of work-life outside. It tries to understand the processes through which women enter formal waged work in global production sites and the choices they make in their everyday lives, both within the workplace and outside of it; and how everyday social relations are constituted and re-constituted through work and practices of labour. The research finds that the everyday lived experiences of work and life in the factory form a ‘complex web of relations’ to which women grow attached to and from which they derive new meanings of work. While the thesis does not claim that the women were able to transcend the larger politics of gender or labour, it does show that waged work did create possibilities for reworking gender relations for the women. Finally the thesis argues for Labour Geography to look beyond the factory gates to understand the nuanced politics of labour as relations get ‘reworked’ within a patriarchal-capitalist society. It recommends paying close attention to the ‘small-scale geographies’ of workers (McDowell, 2015), their life narratives and experiences, but without losing sight of the larger struggles of labour and global processes, to develop a more grounded understanding of worker’s agency and actions.
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Li, Tian. "The implications of foreign investment in special economic zones and Pudong Development Zone (Pudong New Area) of China." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ54465.pdf.
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Kung, Cheuk-lam Peggy. "Foreign direct investment and the development of special economic zones in China: a comparative study ofShenzhen and Zhuhai, 1980-2000." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29793671.
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李家權 and Ka-chuen Rex Lee. "A study of establishing property re-sale market in China with particular reference to coastal special economic zones in PRC." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31257008.
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Lee, Ka-chuen Rex. "A study of establishing property re-sale market in China with particular reference to coastal special economic zones in PRC /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25939890.
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Horlings, Jason. "It Is Not Just the Climate That Is Changing: Climate-Adaptive Development in Koh Kong, Cambodia." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36815.
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Developing countries must concurrently develop while also adapting to climate change; if not, the challenges of poverty alleviation are likely exacerbated. One response has been an emergence of literature emphasizing various approaches that address climate adaptation and development. There are approaches that focus on: climate-specific impacts, addressing underlying vulnerability of households or the resiliency of systems. Taken separately, these approaches have significant weaknesses, but a combined assessment of general and climate specific capacities at system and household scales, the adaptive development capacities framework, is promising. This framework is captured in a matrix that illustrates the presence of these capacities and thereby provides a basis for considering the relative importance and the interaction of climate-specific and general capacities at multiple scales. The framework has the potential to provide a nuanced, yet clear understanding of the extent that climate-adaptive development is occurring. This is important because there is a weak understanding of the interaction and relative importance of adaptive development capacities at multiple scales in developing countries. This thesis research sets out to operationalize the adaptive development framework (Eakin, Lemos and Nelson 2014) (when the research began, this framework had not yet been operationalized).
This qualitative research project addresses this gap by focusing on coastal Cambodia. Cambodia is actively pursuing economic development through a range of policies, including developing a series of Special Economic Zones. For example, my case focuses on a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) located near the Thai border (between the border and a secondary coastal city, known as Koh Kong town) that began employing thousands of workers in 2012. At the same-time, Cambodia has ambitious climate adaptation policies, that include a coastal focus. Since the climate-adaptation and development effects of the SEZ, specifically its employment, are unknown, this case provides a strong setting for testing the adaptive development capacities framework. In this way, the SEZ is a window into better understanding the presence and interaction of adaptive development capacities across household and system scales.
This thesis begins by introducing the research topic, research questions and adaptive development framework. The research methods are clearly detailed, before turning to an understanding of climate change within the context of broader environmental change in Koh Kong. Fisheries decline, coastal erosion and drinking water shortages are being driven by a series of drivers including off-shore fishing, sand-mining, mangrove loss, and urban growth in the coastal area, and these drivers are being exacerbated by the increasing effects of climate change in Koh Kong. Climate change risks include sea-level rise, increasing drought and more extreme and frequent storms.
Turning to the adaptive development capacity of systems, this research uncovered no climate-specific capacities in Koh Kong’s industrial, urban and migration systems. Most problematically, the city is being developed without consideration of the climate change risks posed by sea-level rise and increased drought. This has already led to seasonal piped water shortages as the water demand pressures of factories, population growth, along with prolonged dry seasons, leads to insufficient water. The uneven quality of urban systems, and the variation in climate exposure, means that the residential location of households contributes to varying degrees of household adaptive development capacity. Although these systems lack climate-specific capacity, there is a high level of development capacity in the industrial system due to relatively high and predictable wages and a good working environment in this particular SEZ, in comparison to elsewhere in Cambodia.
Linked to the strength of the SEZ as an employer, households – particularly those with females between 18-25 –are able to temporarily diversify or compliment their livelihoods from climate-exposed fisheries and farming towards the higher and more predictable wages of SEZ employment where there is minimal climate exposure. This means that although the Koh Kong’s systems lack specific climate adaptive capacity, households are able to use their agency to move towards a greater degree of adaptive development. However, not all households are able to achieve the same degree of climate adaptive capacity, and the timing of such adaptive capacity is very specific (the SEZ only hires women between 18-25). While local fishing households are optimally placed to take advantage of the proximity of the SEZ and their surplus female labour, migrant farming households face the higher costs of migration and greater female labour opportunity costs. Looking within households, the very high rate of female employment at the SEZ means that adaptive development is uneven across households.
While the strengthening of household adaptive development capacity through time-sensitive SEZ employment is encouraging, in the long-term, the lack of adaptive capacity in Koh Kong’s systems could significantly limit or undermine these gains. Of concern is the pressure that industrialization, urban growth and migration are placing on Koh Kong’s urban water system, land-use practices and planning processes that are not able to address current environmental concerns, nor climate change risks. This creates the conditions for emerging vulnerabilities, and demonstrates the limits of household adaptive development capacity. These findings demonstrate the value of the adaptive development framework in articulating the forms and scales of capacity needed for adaptive development.
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Clement, Theo. "China’s economic engagement strategies towards a reforming DPR Korea." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2051/document.
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Depuis le début des années 2000, la Chine et la RPDC (« Corée du Nord) ont tenté de mettre en œuvre des programmes de coopération économique et d’intégration transfrontalière. Ces programmes de coopération ont été facilité par des politiques réformatrices en Corée du Nord, la famine des années 1990 ayant fait prendre conscience à Pyongyang qu’un certain degré de réforme économique était nécessaire pour reprendre le contrôle et relancer une économie désorganisée et appauvrie. En conséquence, les échanges et les investissements entre la Chine et la RPDC ont connu une hausse spectaculaire. Ceci étant, les expérimentations politiques menées par Pyongyang, dont notamment les Zones Économiques Spéciales, n’ont pas réussi à attirer l‘attention des entrepreneurs et des officiels chinois.A travers l’étude empirique d’une selection de Zones Économiques Spéciales et de leurs environnements politiques et législatifs, des entretiens avec des hommes d’affaires chinois impliqués dans les relations économiques bilatérales à la frontière et des observations sur le terrain en Corée du Nord, l’auteur développe l’idée selon laquelle les stratégies d’engagement économiques chinoises et les politiques de développement économique nord-coréennes sont fondamentalement incompatibles, ce qui fait des actuellespratiques de coopération économique une source de tensions politiques. Il semblerait que la Chine a en effet essayé d’atteindre certains objectifs politiques et géopolitiques à travers des outils économiques, ce qui est vu par Pyongyang comme une ingérence dans ses affaires internes. Ces stratégies chinoises sont particulièrement intéressantes à étudier dans le contexte de l’initiative « One Belt, One Road ». Paradoxalement, l’auteur cherche à expliquer que les plus récentes générations de Zones Économiques Spéciales ne visent pas seulement à faciliter une certaine forme d’intégration économique bilatérale mais incarnent dans le même temps une forme de résistance à l’étreinte économique chinoiseSince the beginning of the 2000’s, China and the DPRK (North Korea) have tried to implement economic cooperation and crossborder-economic integration programs. These cooperation programs have been facilitated by reformist policies in the DPRK, as the 1990 decade famine that struck North Korea convinced the Pyongyang leadership that some degree of economic reform was needed to restart and regain control over a greatly damaged economy. As a result, trade and investment ties between China and North Korea soared. However, political experimentations by the Pyongyang leadership, such as Special Economic Zones, have attracted limited attention from Chinese entrepreneurs and officials.Through an empirical analysis of a selection of North Korean Special Economic Zones and related policies, interviews with Chinese businessmen active in the borderlands as well as anecdotal evidence gathered in the DPRK, the author argues that Chinese economic engagement policies and North Korea’s economic development strategy bear structural incompatibilities which makes the current economic cooperation patterns a source of diplomatic and political friction. It seems that China has indeed been trying to achieve different political and geopolitical objectives through economic means, which largely resonates with the larger Chinese-led “One Belt, one Road” initiative” but is seen as interfering from Pyongyang. Quite paradoxically, the author argues that later generations of Special Economic Zones do not only constitute institutions designed to foster economic integration between China and the DPRK but also embody political resistance to the Chinese economic embrace
Seit dem Beginn der 2000er Jahre haben China und die Demokratische Volksrepublik Korea (Nordkorea) versucht, eine wirtschaftliche Kooperation und grenzüberschreitende wirtschaftliche Integrationsprogramme zu implementieren. Diese Projekte wurden durch reformorientierte Politik in der DPRK ermöglicht, da die Hungersnot, welche Nordkorea in den 90er Jahren heimsuchte, die Pjöngjanger Führung überzeugte, dass ein gewisser Grad an wirtschaftlichen Reformen nötig sei, um die schwer beschädigte Wirtschaft neu zu starten und über sie Kontrolle auszuüben. Infolgedessen steigerten sich der Handel und die wirtschaftlichen Beziehungen insgesamt zwischen China und Nordkorea auf ein noch nie da gewesenes Niveau. Jedoch haben politische Experimente der Führung in Pyongyang, einschließlich eines direkten „Policytransfers“, welche chinesischen Erfahrungen nachempfunden waren, wie zum Beispiel Sonderwirtschaftszonen, eingeschränkte Aufmerksamkeit von chinesischen Unternehmern und Beamten erfahren.Auf Basis einer empirischen Analyse einer Auswahl von nordkoreanischen Sonderwirtschaftszonen und damit verbundenen „Policies“, Interviews mit im Grenzgebiet aktiven, chinesischen Unternehmern und in Nordkorea gesammelten Einzelberichten, argumentiert der Autor, dass die chinesischen wirtschaftlichen Engagement Strategien und die wirtschaftliche Entwicklungsstrategie Nord-Koreas strukturellen Unvereinbarkeiten aufweisen, welche die derzeitigen wirtschaftlichen Entwicklungsmuster zu eine Quelle diplomatischer und politischer Spannungen werden lassen. Es scheint, dass China in der Tat versucht hat, verschiedene politische und geopolitische Ziele auf wirtschaftlichem Wege zu erreichen, was größtenteils in der bedeutenden, von China angeführten, „One Belt, one Road“ Initiative seinen Nachhall findet, jedoch von Pjöngjang als Einmischung gesehen wird. Paradoxerweise sind, so die Argumentation des Autors, spätere Generationen der Sonderwirtschaftszonen nicht nur Institutionen zur Förderung der wirtschaftlichen Integration zwischen China und der Demokratischen Volksrepublik Korea, sie verkörpern auch den politischen Widerstand gegen die chinesische wirtschaftliche Umklammerung
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Yuvaci, Abdullah. "International Politics, Special Interests and Foreign Trade Policy: A Study of Turkish-American Textile Trade Relations." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1271800423.
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Pascoal, Aryclenes José Sátiro. "A importância das ZEES no crescimento económico, o caso da ZEE Luanda-Bengo." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/16843.
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Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Cooperação InternacionalAs Zonas económicas Especiais são ferramentas indispensáveis para o rápido crescimento económico, tal como aconteceu na China onde foram consideradas como "motores de crescimento". O crescimento do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) de Angola nos últimos 10 anos tem sido considerável, todavia teve uma queda no período 2015-2016, como resultado queda do preço do barril de petróleo a nível internacional. Mas nos últimos 2 anos, verifica-se uma recuperação satisfatória. Angola tem feito grandes esforços para a atração de IDE, tem adotado medidas que possam contribuir para um melhor funcionamento da ZEE Luanda-Bengo. Depois de estudar o modelo de crescimento económico testado em Moçambique, apresentado por Hao (2014), vou analisar e investigar no contexto angolano, se existem os fatores de sucesso que as ZEEs da China e outros modelos de desenvolvimento.
The Special Economic Zones (SEZ) are indispensable tools for the rapid economic growth, as happened in China where they were considered as "engines of growth". Angola's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth over the past 10 years has been considerable, but has declined over the period 2015-2016, as result of the international price of oil. But in the last 2 years, there has been a satisfactory recovery. Angola has made great efforts to attract foreign direct investment (FDI), has adopted measures that can contribute to a better functioning of the Luanda-Bengo SEZ. After studying the model of economic growth tested in Mozambique, presented by Hao (2014), I will analyze and investigate, in the Angolan context, whether there are success factors that China's SEZ and other development models have showed.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Neb, Samouth. "Les zones franches et la stratégie d’insertion des investisseurs étrangers dans les pays en développement : le cas des zones économiques spéciales cambodgiennes." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO20034.
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Les zones franches illustrent de manière remarquable l’ouverture du monde aux échanges internationaux, comme en témoigne leur multiplication au cours des quatre dernières décennies. La zone franche n’est pas un phénomène statique, mais dynamique. Dynamique dans le sens où ses activités sont passées d’activités intensives en travail à celles plus sophistiquées de la technologie. Leur développement est classé en 4 générations : la 1ère génération (zones franches commerciales), la 2ème génération (zones franches industrielles et zones économiques spéciales), la 3ème génération (zones franches de service) et la 4ème génération (zones franches scientifiques). Basé sur le critère de performance en termes d’exportations et d’emplois, on peut classer les pays en quatre groupes selon le niveau de développement de leur zone franche. Les zones franches sont fortement concentrées dans les deux premiers groupes à savoir : les pays asiatiques (du Sud et du Sud-Est) et les grands pays d’Amérique latines (le Mexique). En effet, les plus importantes et les plus nombreuses sont implantées dans les pays où il existe une forte dynamique industrielle, là où se concentrent les trafics et où se déploient les stratégies des firmes étrangères. Plusieurs formes de firmes sont en effet présentes dans la zone franche : les sociétés entièrement étrangères, les sociétés conjointes (Joint-Venture). Les firmes des zones franches peuvent être une usine d’assemblage, une usine-atelier ou une usine intégrée pour fournir les produits à leur maison- mère dans certain cas. Dans d’autre elles vendent leurs produits aux autres entreprises ou grands distributeurs en tant que firmes indépendantes (sous-traitance). En effet, les firmes étrangères qui s’y trouvent installées ont un comportement stratégique vertical ou global.Il n’est pas étonnant que les zones franches de la 2ème génération soient créées au Cambodge où le démarrage du développement industriel est juste entamé. L’objectif du gouvernement est d’exploiter les avantages comparatifs (naturels et artificiels), d’étendre les échanges régionaux et mondiaux. Aussi, l’établissement des zones économiques spéciales marque vraiment un engagement du gouvernement royal du Cambodge dans le développement de son pays par l’industrialisation d’extraversion : les industries exportatrices sont privilégiées. Deux types d’avantages sont mis en place au Cambodge : Les avantages « hors coût » : Facilité de l’accès aux marchés internationaux (surtout le marché américain, européen et canadien), bénéfice du label social de leurs produits et aussi les effets des accords préférentiels commerciaux sont considérées comme un des éléments très attractif des investisseurs étrangers. Le deuxième est les avantages « coût » à caractère naturel (l’abondance d’offre de main d’œuvre à bon marché) et artificiel (meilleure mesure d’incitations, politique d’attractivité). Fondé sur ces avantages, les ZES cambodgiennes peuvent être développées en trois phases : Phase initiale : Usine d’assemblages, Phase intermédiaire : Usine de production, Phase finale : Usine totalement intégrée. Dans ce sens, les ZES cambodgiennes, étant en complémentarité avec les zones franches de la région asiatique du Sud-Est, semblent être un lieu privilégié de l’implantation des firmes à activité intensive en travail : le textile, l’habillement et l’électroniqueFree zones are a striking illustration of the opening of the world to the international trade. In the last four decades, tremendously increased, Free zones are not static phenomenon, but dynamic ones. The dynamic is in the sense of which their industrial activities are started from labor intensive industry to the most sophisticated activities. We propose a classification of free zones into four generations: 1st generation (free trade zones), 2nd generation (export processing zones and special economic zones), 3rd generation (services based zones) and 4th generation (science-based zones). Based on performance criteria in term of exportation and employment, four groups of countries were classified to design the level of development of free zones. The first two groups of countries, such as the Est and the South-Est Asian countries and Latin American countries, are considered as the most dynamic countries in term of free zones’ development. In fact, the most important zone is located in the countries where there are a strong industrial dynamics with participating actively to the international trade and to foreign firms’ strategy. Having invested in free zones, enterprises are totally foreign firms or Joint- venture. In this regard, firms installed in free zones could be: assembled factory, production factory, totally integrated factory. These firms aimed to supply the product to parent company or to sell the product to another enterprises or distribution companies as they are outsourcing. In this case, the firm’s strategic behaviors are considered as “verticals” or “global”. It’s not surprising that the free zones of 2nd generation are established in Cambodia at the stage of industrial development. The objective of the Royal Government of Cambodia is to exploit efficiently its comparative advantages (natural and artificial ones) and to catch its opportunities to the regional and global trade. Thus, the establishment of special economic zones (SEZ) shows the commitment of the government in the process of the export-led industrialization in Cambodia. The Cambodian SEZ provides two kinds of advantages : The non Cost advantages includes international market privileged access (to American and European market), the benefit of social label of Cambodian manufactured products and others Cambodian preferential trade agreements, which are considered as the most attractive factors of foreign direct investment to Cambodian SEZ. The Cost Advantages has a natural caracteristic (the abundance of labor forces at low cost) and artificial (better incentive measures and attractive policy). Based on theses advantages, the Cambodian SEZ could be developed in three phases: initial phase (assembly factory), second phase (production factory) and finally the third phase (totally integrated factory). In this context, the Cambodian SEZ could, at a complementary position with free zones of the South-East Asian region, be a privileged location of the labor intensive industries- textile, garments and electronic industry
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Chimbombi, Ame Rebecca. "The possibility of base erosion and profit shifting through special economic zones: A critique of the South African and Kenyan SEZ regimes based on BEPS action 5." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23787.
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The OECD/G20's Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) Project has been described as the most significant international tax initiative post the 2008/2009 global economic crisis. BEPS speaks to companies engaging in aggressive tax planning strategies that exploit loopholes in tax systems to make profits 'disappear' or shift them to tax jurisdictions with little or no overall corporate tax. The BEPS Project has fifteen Actions targeting various formations, computations and permutations that could potentially give rise to BEPS. BEPS Action 5 is entitled "Countering Harmful Tax Practices More Effectively Taking into Account Transparency and Substance" and is of central importance to this minor dissertation. Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are a creature of international trade law that refers to spatially delimited areas within an economy afforded favourable administrative, regulatory and fiscal benefits when compared to the rest of the economy. The term SEZ is used as an 'umbrella' or 'label' encompassing various types of spatially delimited areas with favourable conditions. Examples of SEZs are Free Trade Zones (FTZs) and Export Processing Zones (EPZs). Although this minor-dissertation focuses mainly on tax benefits associated with SEZs, SEZs usually encompasses a wider range of benefits to the companies they host. Such other benefits could include a one-stop shop for setting up and processing work permits. This minor-dissertation examines whether South Africa and Kenya's SEZs create conducive environments for harmful tax practices in light of and as described in BEPS Action 5.
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Hubínek, Jakub. "Zvláštní ekonomické zóny v Číně - Shenzhen a nově zřizované zóny ve střední a západní Číně." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201990.
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Special economic zones are one of the tools utilized by Chinese government to stimulate the growth of local economy, especially through foreign investment. This thesis is focused on special economic zone in Shenzhen and on use of special economic zones for development of inland provinces of China in recent years, which are lagging in economic development in comparison with the developed provinces on the eastern coast. Western development plan is demonstrated on the example of the province of Xinjiang. The thesis further sumarizes bow is the approach to establishment of special economic zones changing in recent years, compared to the period of early 1980s.
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Cowaloosur, Honita. "Re-inscribing dependency : the political economy of Mauritius JinFei Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone Co. Ltd." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6444.
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This thesis investigates the capacity of the newly introduced Chinese Special Economic Zones in Africa (CSEZAs) to deliver ‘cooperation' and ‘mutual development' to China and Africa. Referring to existing scholarship on other forms of liberal spatial economics, it addresses the conceptual, methodological and theoretical void in which the subject of CSEZAs evolves in academia. As extensive global interactive processes are identified in the schema of the CSEZA, this thesis advocates Andre Gunder Frank's Dependency Theory as the appropriate prism through which to explicate the new zone format. Empirical data about the seven CSEZAs outline the problematic and development-conducive aspects of the zone model. It is argued here that the failure to customise the SEZ model to the African context is what corrodes the developmental prospects of the CSEZAs. The Mauritius JinFei Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone is taken as an example of a problematic CSEZA. A detailed analysis of the Mauritian case allows a visualisation of the respective role of China and the African state in the CSEZA context. As the exploitative and non-developmental nature of the CSEZA model (in its current form), is established, this thesis concludes that the CSEZA gives a new interpretation to the traditional practice of dependency. This new version, nonetheless, exacerbates the dialectic development-underdevelopment processes integral to the global capitalist economy.
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Procházka, Pavel. "Charter Cities - ostrůvky prosperity s importovaným právním systémem?" Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-149826.
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The master's thesis discusses an alternative concept of development aid in the form of charter cities created by Paul Romer, American economist. It describes this mechanism, institutional framework and analyzes its potential to work in practice. Besides the first attempts to put model cities into practice, the thesis also points to a number of myths that have appeared around the project and which are the subject of study. Due to absence of direct charter cities the concept is compared (based on ex-post analysis) with cities and economic zones that were established with goal to achieve economic growth. Similar procedure is applied even in testing of basic assumptions of this model to find out whether this is a viable project.
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Matsinhe, Leví Salomão. "Moçambique : uma longa caminhada para um futuro incerto?" reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/29398.
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A trajetória de Moçambique desde a independência, ocorrida em 1975, até 2009 foi marcada pela transição de uma economia centralmente planificada (socialista) para uma economia de mercado (capitalista). A transição para o capitalismo abriu espaço para financiamentos de Ajuda Externa ao Desenvolvimento das Instituições de Bretton Woods (Banco Mundial – BM e Fundo Monetário Internacional – FMI) e Investimentos Estrangeiros Diretos em forma de mega-projetos das corporações multinacionais em Zonas Francas Industriais e Zonas Econômicas Especiais. Entretanto, a aliança da elite nacional como o capital estrangeiro favoreceu a corrupção, a transferência de lucros das multinacionais para os países de origem, fazendo com que a Ajuda Externa ao Desenvolvimento e os Investimentos Estrangeiros Diretos não produzissem desenvolvimento econômico e bem-estar social, com se pretendia que fosse. Este estudo identificou o Ajustamento Estrutural, a Ajuda Externa ao Desenvolvimento, a corrupção e as Zonas Francas Industriais como os principais vilões da situação de pobreza em que Moçambique se encontra e concluiu que Moçambique nunca irá reduzir a pobreza de forma significativa, contando apenas com ajuda externa, mega-projetos, investimentos estrangeiros e ZFI. O que se pensava que seria o remédio para a saída do marasmo do subdesenvolvimento de Moçambique, (portanto, a ajuda, mega-projetos e ZFI) tornou-se um obstáculo ao desenvolvimento do país.The trantion from socialism to capitalism characterized the Mozambican trajectory after its independence, held in 1975. This transition gave place to external aid by Bretton Woods (World Bank and International Monetary Fund) and direct investments from multinational corporations mega-projects in special economic free zones. The alliance between the national elite with foreign capital brought corruption, transference of profits from the multinational corporations in Mozambique to its countries of origin. Because of this, the external aid and foreign investments did not develop the Mozambican economy and also did not bring the social well being to the people in Mozambique. This research, identified the structural adjustment, external aid, corruption and special economic free zones as the factories of poverty in Mozambique, and concluded that Mozambique will never reduce poverty looking to external aid, mega-projects, direct foreign investments and special economic free zones. What where thought it was an elixir (mega-projects, external aid, foreign direct investments and special economic free zones) became an obstacle to development.
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Remsha, Siarhei. "Zvláštní ekonomické zóny v Číně: trendy a perspektivy v novém miléniu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-197691.
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This final thesis is dedicated to the analysis of special economic zones. The main goals of this paper are: theoretical study of SEZ, its main characteristics and outlook of specifics of Chinese SEZs, their historical and modern development trends. The first chapter is dedicated to the theoretical analysis of SEZs from various angles; it outlines main features and definitions; gives analysis of the effects of SEZ on the domestic economy and analyses factors for successful zone launch. It contains analysis of the main goals and roles of SEZs in the economy; describes SEZs in BRIC countries. The second chapter is dedicated to the specifics of Chinese SEZs and description of the Chinese liberalization reforms with the emphasis put on SEZs. It provides description of the main reasons for zones launching in China, their roles and features, investor's motivation for entry onto the Chinese market, the role of ethnic Chinese, effect of SEZs. The third chapter introduces modern development trends of SEZs in China. It describes new types of zones, analyses new growth tendencies, evaluates the effects of the current five-year plan on goals and development priorities of SEZs, and examines impacts of SEZs on the realization of state development programme. The last chapter is focused on the selected SEZs with emphasis on current development trends and SWOT analysis of Chinese SEZs. This chapter applies theoretical knowledge gained in previous chapters on the analysis of the selected zones. This paper, as a result, provides the complex overview of Chinese SEZs, current development trends and their impacts on the Chinese economy.
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Šlegrová, Veronika. "Analýza zvláštních ekonomických zón ve vybraných zemích." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201676.
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The diploma thesis deals with an analysis of special economic zones in the Russian federation and in the People´s Republic of China and their comparison of historical development, recent working conditions, economic performance and of respecting the international standards. The first part analyses the special economic zones all over the World from different perspectives and describes both their positive and negative aspects generally and gives examples. Furthermore, types and examples of the zones and their development in China and in Russia are analyzed. The final part compares the two previous chapters with the aim to determine, which country has used this tool for trade promotion better.
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Papugová, Tereza. "Zvláštní ekonomické zóny v Číně: aktuální trendy a výkonnost vybraných ekonomických zón." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193730.
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Special Economic Zones have been a popular instrument for fostering economic growth. The SEZ's main aim is to attract foreign investors into the country, thus providing necessary capital for economic development. Diploma thesis focuses on application of this approach in China and provides analysis of origin, economic situation and future prospects of these areas. At first, the concept of special economic zone is theoretically defined for the further usage in chinese context. Thesis also offers a comparison with export processing zones and SEZs in India to provide a broader perspective of the concept of special economic zones in the world. Hereafter, the development and performance of SEZs in chinese provinces Guangdong, Fujian and Hainan are presented. Furthermore, the current challenges for the zones to face are identified. Those challenges will be crucial for zones to cope with in order to keep up the pace with today's trend of liberalisation and international cooperation in the worldwide economy.
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Crane, George T. "China's Special Economic Zones the domestic political dynamics of international economic integration /." 1986. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/19978232.html.
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Wang, Shi-Jie, and 王世杰. "A study on the urbanization of Shencheng Special Economic zones." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42712452113519255125.
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Wai, Man Wu. "China's Shenzhen special economic zone a social benefit-cost analysis /." 1990. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/29614752.html.
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"Key motivators in manaufacturing companies in the PRC special economic zones." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5888036.
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by Lam Wai Hung, Even.Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 62-63).
ABSTRACT --- p.ii
TABLE OF CONTENT --- p.iii
LIST OF TABLES --- p.v
Chapter
Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter II. --- UPDATE SITUATION IN THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA (PRC) --- p.5
Recent development of Special Economic Zones --- p.5
New Classification of Enterprises --- p.7
Foreign Funded Enterprises (FFEs) in 1992 and 1993 --- p.10
More developing zones to be opened --- p.13
Labor in China --- p.14
Chapter III. --- THEORETICAL BACKGROUNDS --- p.21
Reviews on Western Motivation Theories --- p.21
Chapter - --- Need Theories --- p.21
Chapter - --- Expectations --- p.23
Chapter - --- Reinforcement Theory --- p.24
"Motivation, Ability and Performance" --- p.25
Western Motivation Theories Applied to Chinese Cultural Context --- p.31
Chapter IV. --- THE STUDY --- p.34
Aim --- p.34
Methodology --- p.35
Sampling --- p.37
Chapter V. --- QUESTIONNAIRE --- p.41
Chapter VI. --- RESULT AND FINDINGS --- p.44
Findings --- p.50
Chapter VII. --- MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS --- p.56
BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.62
APPENDIX
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Oluwaseyi, Adetutu Tolulope. "Towards an appropriate regulatory environment for special economic zones in Nigeria." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/58738.
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This study set out to examine the regulatory framework of the underperformed SEZ structure
in Nigeria with the aim of identifying the factors that precluded it from achieving its objectives
and hindering its competitiveness in the global market. The main question to be addressed is
what regulatory deficits are in the implementation of SEZ programme in Nigeria that have
precluded it from achieving its objectives.
In approaching this question, this study examined the rationale underlying SEZ initiatives
globally and the policy considerations for implementing sustainable SEZ. The study found that
these policy components include strategic planning, comprehensive legal and regulatory
framework, policy considerations, effective institutional framework, incentive framework, and
physical development and management. The study further examined the regulatory framework
underpinning SEZ development in Nigeria against the backdrop of the policy considerations
identified. Using China's experience as benchmarks for successful SEZ development, the study
draws lessons that could be useful in enhancing the competitiveness of the Nigerian zone
programme.
Moreover the study argues that weak regulatory environment is largely responsible for the
underperformance of SEZ programmes in Nigeria in delivering its objectives. Specifically, the
study made the following findings:
? Weak institutional and regulatory structures, infrastructural shortage, lack of linkages
to the wider economy and policy instability are some of the challenges of SEZs in
Nigeria.
? The study found that there is swiftness on the part of the government to create zones
suggests that the government views SEZs as catalyst for economic diversification and
industrialization. However, further evidence shows that the regulatory framework
underlying the existing zone programme is not only weak but limited in scope to drive
competitiveness. It also appears that the government has not been actively committed
in the zone programme. The inference drawn here is that the Nigerian government does
not actively see SEZ programme as part of its development strategy.
? The Nigeria zone regulatory framework needs a comprehensive restructuring with a
view to improving the competitiveness of the zones. Concerted efforts could still be made to enhance the performance of the zones by strengthening the regulator to make
it responsive to its responsibilities and engaging policies
The research therefore concludes that engaging the instrumentality of SEZs as an engine of
economic growth and industrial transformation will only be successful where the regulatory
environment is favourable, attractive and competitive.
Against the background of these findings, the study recommends that the starting point is for
the government to adopt SEZ programme as part of its development strategy. The study also
propose that adopting a comprehensive regulatory framework that will strengthening the
institutional capacity of the regulator, give clarity to roles of the different stakeholders involved
in SEZ development, support dynamic policies, constant policy reform and incorporate modern
practices in the SEZ framework can jumpstart the competitiveness of the Nigeria zones.tm2017
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
Unrestricted
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Tasi, Ming-Yi, and 蔡銘益. "Location selection and productivity influence:Taiwan’s FDI on China’s Special Economic Zones." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u8p2cw.
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碩士銘傳大學
經濟學系碩士班
97
This paper is a study of Taiwanese companies on the China mainland from the years 1991 through 2006. There is a focus on the three main Special Economic Zones (SEZs). The focal point of the analysis is location selection and product development influence. Because each economic center is designated as a specific areas of interest by the Chinese government, each center attracts different kinds of companies. Thus, this study uses the multinomial treatment effects model to analyze the effects of the companies on China’s economy. The results of the study show that the main factors that influence a Taiwanese company’s choice to invest in a Chinese cooperation are: differences in investment areas, manufacturer’s longevity, R&D intensity, capital labor ratio, operating costs, foreign investments, China’s infrastructure, total retail sales, labor quality in China, union organizations and labor productivity. Differences in production and/or economic centers should also be taken into account. Those SEZs with higher investment rates have a higher level of productivity and thus have an advantage over those areas with lower investment rates.
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Pretorius, Charmaine, and 卜小梅. "Waiting for Wages: The Dilemma of South Africa\'s Special Economic Zones." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f67f8s.
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碩士國立政治大學
亞太研究英語碩士學位學程(IMAS)
107
May 2019 Abstract This thesis set out to research reasons for the failure of South Africa’s efforts to launch an export-oriented economy via its four Industrial Development Zones (IDZs) between 2000 and 2010. In the first 10 years of their existence, however, the zones failed to garner sufficient FDI to offset even the cost to the South African taxpayer in setting up the zones and the situation has not improved much. The South African zones were modelled on the successes of Newly Industrialised Countries (NICs) in East Asia and, in most cases, offered incentives that were on par or above par. The failure of the zones to create both an export-based economy and employment for millions of unskilled South Africans raises the question of whether a high middle income country like South Africa with higher than average wages can solve its economic woes by using low income, peripheral country methods that depend, for the most part, on cheap labour cost. This research then aims to show that wage cost in South Africa, a semi-peripheral country, acted as a major deterrent for core investors in early manufacturing seeking to increase their profits by accessing cheap labour pools.
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"Marketing competition in special economic zones in China : the case of LPG." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1986. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5885668.
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Ramaloko, Mokgadi Phoebe, and 菲比. "Chinese Special Economic Zones in Africa; The Case of Ethiopia and Zambia." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/634q84.
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碩士國立中山大學
亞太事務英語碩士學位學程
106
China in the recent years has become an important partner to African countries. Five Chinese funded special economic zones have been established within the continent. This research gives an overview of the use of Special Economic Zones to aid development and Africa’s experience with zones. Because zone development is a long term process that aim of the research was to determine the possibility of the zones to aid in structural transformation of the host countries. The analysis was focused on the Ethiopian and Zambian Chinese funded zones. This thesis contends that although zone in Ethiopia has static benefits there is indication of likelihood of the zones producing dynamic benefits. While the Zambia China Corporation Zone in Zambia has received significant foreign direct investment and created jobs. The likelihood of the producing dynamic benefits will be most likely curtailed by the country poor policy implementation.
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Ogeda, Judith Rhoda Achieng. "Legal implications of regional integration initiatives on special economic zones in Kenya." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/58737.
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Kenya has recently passed a Special Economic Zones law with the aim of providing a legal framework to enable the establishment of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in the country. Given that the country is also an active member of several regional integration initiatives (of which the study focuses on the East African Community (EAC) in which Kenya is an integral member), this study investigates the legal framework governing SEZs at the national level and the regional level with a view to determine if there is any legal conflict between the two frameworks that may pose a challenge for Kenya in her decision to simultaneously pursue regional integration initiatives and Special Economic Zones development as trade and investment tools. In finding that there is no synergy between the regional integration arrangements in the EAC and SEZ programmes in member countries, this study makes a number of recommendations including that the region should harmonize the regulatory, incentives and strategic structures of SEZ programmes in the member countries.tm2017
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
Unrestricted
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"An economic comparison between the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone and the Export Processing Zones in Asia." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1988. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5885865.
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Yan, Shu-huei, and 顏淑惠. "A Study on the People’s Republic of China Special Economic Zones (1980-1992)." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64541952348133524499.
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碩士國立中央大學
歷史研究所碩士在職專班
96
The Chinese economy was in financial straits, which forced Deng Xiaoping to turn “right” towards a capitalistic market economy. Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Xiamen, Shantou, and Hainan were five special economic zones which had geographical advantages, economy-inclined policies, and a distinctive economic management system to attract foreign investment and create outstanding economic accomplishments. On the other hand, this also gave rise to the disputes between the conservatives and reformists and initiated grievances from the inland provinces of China. Furthermore, many political, economic, and social cancers and disputes were also derived from such results. The open policy enforced in the economic zones along the coast was a success; the Chinese government then further expanded its open policy to areas along rivers and boarders, and the policy on developing West China was also launched. These policies catapulted China to one of the “BRICs” in the 21st century and the second-largest economy in the world. The economic zones that were advocated by Deng Xiaoping became China’s bellwether of reform and open policy, leading China onto the world stage. Is the nature of economic zones socialistic or capitalistic? Other than having outstanding economic accomplishments, what are their political implications? China’s economic growth has arrested much attention in the world, but its gap between rich and poor has gotten wider, and unequal regional developments have caused grievance, resistance, and petition issues. But why does the government still have the power to suppress such upheaval? Whereas the establishment of special economic zones have its positive and beneficial effects, are there any problems that can be called into question? These problems will be further discussed and researched in the paper.
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Tsai, Pei Fen, and 蔡佩芬. "The Comparison between Shenzhen Special Economic Zone and Taiwan''s Export Processing Zones." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30057713928681205635.
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