Dissertations / Theses: 'Indicator data'

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O'Dowd, Robert J. "An assessment of ordinary and indicator krigings using simulated data sets /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbo26.pdf.

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Carr, John D. "Florida school indicator report data as predictors of high school adequate yearly progress (AYP)." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4864.

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The focus of this research was to identify variables reported in the 2008-2009 Florida School Indicator Report (FSIR) that had a statistical impact, positive or negative, on the likelihood that a school would achieve Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) in reading or mathematics using the logistic regression technique. This study analyzed four broad categories reported by the FSIR to include academic, school, student, and teacher characteristics. FSIR and AYP data was collected for 468 Florida high schools that were categorized by the Florida Department of Education as presenting a comprehensive curriculum to grades 9-12 or grades 10-12. It was determined in this study that academic data associated with ACT results and the grade 11 FCAT Science were effective predictors of a school's academic health in reading and mathematics. Student absenteeism showed the greatest impact on a school obtaining AYP in reading while the percentage of students qualifying for free and disabled populations within a school showed the greatest impact on a school obtaining AYP in mathematics. Teachers teaching out of field were identified as having a negative influence on AYP in reading and mathematics while a teacher's experience was considered a positive influence on AYP in mathematics only. Further research is necessary to fully explore the use of logistic regression as a predictive tool at the state, school district, and school level.
ID: 029809839; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ed.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 241-250).
Ed.D.
Doctorate
Teaching, Learning and Leadership
Education

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Hibbert, Michael Patrick. "The development of a solid state wind velocity and direction indicator, suitable for data logging." Thesis, Cape Technikon, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1117.

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Thesis (Masters Diploma (Electrical Engineering)) -- Cape Technikon, Cape Town,1992
This thesis describes the development of a free standing, maintenance free anemometer which has no rotating parts. The principle of operation is based on the \-vind drag/force around a hollow P.V.c. pipe. The aim is to demonstrate how the strain occurring in the P.V.C. pipe, due to wind drag/force acting on it, can generate an electrical signal which can be mathematically manipulated to determine wind velocity and wind bearing.

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Smith, Tamara L. "Associations between Fecal Indicator Bacteria Prevalence and Demographic Data in Private Water Supplies in Virginia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50985.

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Over 1.7 million Virginians rely on private water systems to supply household water. The heaviest reliance on these systems occurs in rural areas, which are often underserved in terms of financial resources and access to environmental health education. As the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) does not regulate private water systems, it is the sole responsibility of the homeowner to maintain and monitor these systems.
Previous limited studies indicate that microbial contamination of drinking water from private wells and springs is far from uncommon, ranging from 10% to 68%, depending on type of organism and geological region. With the exception of one thirty-year old government study on rural water supplies, there have been no documented investigations of links between private system water contamination and household demographic characteristics, making the design of effective public health interventions, very difficult.
The goal of the present study is to identify potential associations between concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria (e.g. coliforms, E. coli) in 831 samples collected at the point-of-use in homes with private water supply systems and homeowner-provided demographic data (e.g. homeowner age, household income, education, water quality perception). Household income and the education of the perceived head of household were determined to have an association with bacteria concentrations. However, when a model was developed to evaluate strong associations between total coliform presence and potential predictors, no demographic parameters were deemed significant enough to be included in the final model. Of the 831 samples tested, 349 (42%) of samples tested positive for total coliform and 55 (6.6%) tested positive for E. coli contamination. Chemical and microbial source tracking efforts using fluorometry and qPCR suggested possible E. coli contamination from human septage in 21 cases. The findings of this research can ultimately aid in determining effective strategies for public health intervention and gain a better understanding of interactions between demographic data and private system water quality.

Master of Science

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Bastos, Jorge Tiago. "Road safety strategic analysis in Brazil: indicator and index research." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18144/tde-08042015-103747/.

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The intense economic growth that Brazil has experienced in recent decades and its consequent explosive motorization process have resulted in an undesirable impact: the continuously increasing trend in traffic fatality numbers. This study presents a research on indicators and indexes with the objective of delivering both overall and disaggregated evidence about the road safety performance and targets in fatality reduction in Brazil at the state level taking the exposure into account. The intention is to support road safety strategic analysis in the country and to contribute to improve this critical scene. The methodological structure of this thesis consists of the following three main parts: (I) diagnosing the road safety situation at the state level using final outcome related information, in particular traffic fatality risk data; (II) setting a target number of traffic fatalities based on the relationship between the exposure level and the number of traffic fatalities in each state; and (III) suggesting domains for improvements based on the research of safety performance indicators representing three domains (road user, environment and vehicle) throughout the states. From a benchmarking point of view, we divided the Brazilian states into three separate clusters in order to provide more realistic state performance comparisons. After a data collection and indicators selection step, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was the method used for executing the different steps, with the application of four different types of models specially developed for the identified research purposes. In addition, by means of bootstrapping the DEA scores we measured the sensitivity of the results to possible variations in the input data, for example concerning data quality and availability. As a result, we provided a road safety diagnosis per state as well as traffic fatality targets according to different perspectives: the entire group of road users (motorized and nonmotorized ones), motor vehicle occupants, and finally a disaggregated performance evaluation by running four separate DEA models (for motorcycle, car, truck and bus). Moreover, the SPI research including a hierarchy of 27 safety performance indicators expressed the states relative performance on the main road safety domains. Lastly, state profiles compiling all this information summarized the \"per state\" findings.
O intenso crescimento econômico que o Brasil tem experimentado nas últimas décadas e seu consequente explosivo processo de motorização resultaram em um impacto indesejado: a tendência contínua do aumento do número de mortes no trânsito. Este estudo apresenta uma pesquisa acerca de índices e indicadores com o objetivo de fornecer evidências gerais e desagregadas sobre o desempenho da segurança viária e metas de redução no número de mortes no Brasil no âmbito estadual, levando a exposição em consideração. A intenção é embasar uma análise estratégica da segurança viária no país e contribuir para melhorar este cenário crítico. A estrutura metodológica desta tese consiste das seguintes três partes principais: (I) diagnóstico da situação da segurança viária no nível estadual utilizando informações relacionadas ao resultado final, em particular dados de risco de morte no trânsito; (II) estabelecer uma meta para o número de mortes no trânsito para cada estado; e (III) sugerir domínios para melhorias baseado em pesquisa de indicadores de desempenho da segurança viária voltada a três domínios (usuário da via, ambiente e veículo). Sob a ótica do benchmarking, dividiram-se os estados brasileiros em três clusters para proporcionar comparações mais realistas dos desempenhos estaduais. Após uma etapa de coleta e seleção de indicadores, utilizou-se o método de Data Envelopment Analyis (DEA) para executar as diferentes etapas, com a aplicação de quatro tipos distintos de modelos especialmente desenvolvidos para os propósitos da pesquisa. Além disso, por meio de bootstrapping dos escores obtidos com a DEA, mediu-se a sensibilidade dos resultados a possíveis variações nos dados de entrada, no que diz respeito a, por exemplo, qualidade e disponibilidade dos dados. Como resultado, propicia-se, a partir de diferentes perspectivas, um diagnóstico da segurança viária por estado, assim como metas no número de mortes: para todo o grupo de usuários (motorizados e não-motorizados), ocupantes de veículos motorizados, e finalmente uma avaliação desagregada por meio de quatro modelos separados (para motocicletas, automóveis, caminhões e ônibus). Adicionalmente, a pesquisa de indicadores de desempenho da segurança considerando a hierarquia de 27 indicadores expressou os desempenhos relativos dos estados nos principais domínios da segurança viária. Por fim, perfis estaduais compilando todas estas informações resumem os resultados para os estados.

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Nshimiyimana, Jean Marie Mr, Oluwafeyisayo Oyeniyi, Mathew Mr Seiler, Kimberly Ms Hawkins, and Temitope Mr Adeyanju. "Development of Public Health Indicator Visualization Tool." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/32.

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As the public and government officials become aware of the impact of public health on communities, it is important that relevant public health statistics be available for decision making. Existing web resources have limited visualization options, cannot visually compare a county to all others in the US, and cannot compare the counties in an arbitrary region to all others in the US. The College of Public Health Indicator Visualization Tool (CPHIVT) is a web application providing visualization and ranking for a county in the US in comparison to all counties for a specific health indicator. An iterative development methodology was used to complete major features and refine the features over time. Features divided into small tasks that could be completed within two-week cycles. After the first version of the web application was completed and presented to the client, client feedback on the application was used to refine specifications and was incorporated into planning for future iterations. Iterative development was adopted with a focus on improving and expanding existing features and making the application publicly available online. A suite of automated user interface tests is being developed to verify the application’s functions. Making a complete version of the application publicly available involves significant research and software configuration to deploy the web application in a secure and performant manner. The web application has two major components corresponding to its two major user groups. The first component allows authenticated users from the Department of Public Health to upload and manage sets of data for various health indicators. Tools are included to automatically process uploaded data points. This allows the information presented on the web site to be expanded and kept up to date over time with minimal effort. The second component is accessible to anyone and allows a user to choose to a state or county with text search or hierarchical navigation. The application then provides graphical charts showing that location’s standing for various health indicators compared to all other counties nationally. This is accomplished by applying percentile rankings to the counties and plotting the percentiles against the values for a selected indicator. A user can save a generated chart to a variety of export formats including PNG image or PDF document. The application is expected to serve as a tool for many community members. Staff and students at the College of Public Health will use this tool for presentations and research. County health departments will be able to use the tool when planning community programs. County government leaders can use this tool to determine areas of need in the community. Decision makers will have the ability to visualize their county or region as compared to the nation, not just to neighboring counties or within a state.

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Watson, Robert University of Ballarat. "Generalist telephone counselling and referral call data as a social indicator : a lifeline to social support?" University of Ballarat, 2006. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/12788.

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The aim of this Australian Research Council Linkage doctoral project with industry partners UnitingCare-Lifeline Ballarat and Lifeline Australia was to investigate whether calls to Lifeline – a generalist telephone counselling and referral service – could be used as valid and reliable social indicators of health. The Lifeline Australia service receives approximately 1,000 calls a day and key details of each call are recorded on its Client Services Management Information System (CSMIS). A number of research questions directed this study: (1) What are the characteristics or attributes of callers to Lifeline?; (2) How do the patterns of calls to Lifeline vary spatially?; and (3) What is the statistical relationship between calls to Lifeline and other measures of community health? This thesis presents a detailed descriptive summary and analysis of Lifeline’s national CSMIS call data (N = 90,128 cases) from 01-04-2003 to 29-06-2003. It explores this and other sources of call data, such as the Telstra Exchange data, for their potential to be used as social indicators. The project created a model of generalist telephone counselling and referral use (MGTCRU). The MGTCRU was used as a theoretical base to a call rate indicator, named the Lifeline Indicator of Social Need (LISN), which reflects the community’s capacity to provide social support to its most socially isolated residents. The LISN was found to have useful attributes and a potential for use as a social indicator of community strength. The call rate indicator showed a statistically significant relationship with the Accessibility/Remoteness Index of Australia, measures of socio-economic disadvantage, and suicide rates. However, the CSMIS database was found to have certain limitations. The thesis presents recommendations for this situation to be addressed. While acknowledging that there are limitations to telephone counselling call data it is clear that these call data can be used to create cost effective, rapid, reliable, and potentially valid social indicators. This thesis has made a number of significant empirical and theoretical contributions to knowledge on telephone counselling and referral. The descriptive summary of the CSMIS data provided in this thesis might be used in innovative ways by social researchers. The LISN could be used on its own or included in other social indices. The MGTCRU provides a theoretical framework for understanding telephone counselling and referral services use and may assist these services to organise their operations and meet the needs of their callers. This project may have particular application to a current upgrade of Lifeline Australia’s telephony and call data systems.
Doctor of Philosophy

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Watson, Robert. "Generalist telephone counselling and referral call data as a social indicator : a lifeline to social support?" University of Ballarat, 2006. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/15563.

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The aim of this Australian Research Council Linkage doctoral project with industry partners UnitingCare-Lifeline Ballarat and Lifeline Australia was to investigate whether calls to Lifeline – a generalist telephone counselling and referral service – could be used as valid and reliable social indicators of health. The Lifeline Australia service receives approximately 1,000 calls a day and key details of each call are recorded on its Client Services Management Information System (CSMIS). A number of research questions directed this study: (1) What are the characteristics or attributes of callers to Lifeline?; (2) How do the patterns of calls to Lifeline vary spatially?; and (3) What is the statistical relationship between calls to Lifeline and other measures of community health? This thesis presents a detailed descriptive summary and analysis of Lifeline’s national CSMIS call data (N = 90,128 cases) from 01-04-2003 to 29-06-2003. It explores this and other sources of call data, such as the Telstra Exchange data, for their potential to be used as social indicators. The project created a model of generalist telephone counselling and referral use (MGTCRU). The MGTCRU was used as a theoretical base to a call rate indicator, named the Lifeline Indicator of Social Need (LISN), which reflects the community’s capacity to provide social support to its most socially isolated residents. The LISN was found to have useful attributes and a potential for use as a social indicator of community strength. The call rate indicator showed a statistically significant relationship with the Accessibility/Remoteness Index of Australia, measures of socio-economic disadvantage, and suicide rates. However, the CSMIS database was found to have certain limitations. The thesis presents recommendations for this situation to be addressed. While acknowledging that there are limitations to telephone counselling call data it is clear that these call data can be used to create cost effective, rapid, reliable, and potentially valid social indicators. This thesis has made a number of significant empirical and theoretical contributions to knowledge on telephone counselling and referral. The descriptive summary of the CSMIS data provided in this thesis might be used in innovative ways by social researchers. The LISN could be used on its own or included in other social indices. The MGTCRU provides a theoretical framework for understanding telephone counselling and referral services use and may assist these services to organise their operations and meet the needs of their callers. This project may have particular application to a current upgrade of Lifeline Australia’s telephony and call data systems.
Doctor of Philosophy

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Igulot, P. "Vulnerability and risk to HIV infection in Uganda : multilevel modelling of Uganda AIDS Indicator Survey data." Thesis, City, University of London, 2017. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/17880/.

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Context HIV/AIDS continues to be a global problem; by 2013, there were 35.3 million people infected globally. Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) continues to be disproportionately affected with 70 percent of all cases, 73 percent all deaths, and 70 percent of all new infections. Although some progress has been made in the response to the epidemic, major challenges remain. For example, even though new infections have been declining in some countries, these are being offset by increases in others. Uganda is one of the countries where HIV infection rates have been increasing in the last 15 years, from 6.2 percent in 2000 to 6.4 percent in 2005 to 7.3 percent in 2012. Much as SSA is disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS, the region has received considerable research attention, including the association between HIV/AIDS and socioeconomic status (SES) and sexual and gender based violence (SGBV). However, there continues to be controversy surrounding the effect of SES and SGBV on the vulnerability of individuals to the risk of HIV infection. Aims and research questions To contribute to the above debates, this research utilises Bourdieu’s Socio-Structural Theory of Practice (STOP) which argues that individuals are born into a field, which structures their habitus or world view but the field in turn is structured by habitus. To operationalize this theory, this research answers the following broad question, what is the influence of social factors on vulnerability and risk to HIV infection in Uganda? And the following specific questions: (1) what is the effect of SES (wealth status & educational attainment) on people’s vulnerability to the risk of HIV infection in Uganda? (2) What is the effect of SGBV on vulnerability to the risk of HIV infection in Uganda? And, (3) what are the effects of social and structural factors on vulnerability to the risk of HIV infection in Uganda? Data and methods This research was based on a nationally representative sample of 22,979 women and 18,418 men of reproductive age from 20,869 households with 33,692 rural and 7,705 urban respondents in Uganda. The analyses were based on the application of Multilevel Logistic regression models to 2004-05 and 2011 Uganda AIDS Indicator Surveys, fitted in MLwiN. Chapter 5 about the influence of SES on HIV infection and Chapter 6 on the influence of community factors on HIV infection are based on pooled data of 2004–05 and 2011 surveys but Chapter 7 on the influence of SGBV on HIV infection is based on only the 2011 data. Key findings The results provide little evidence of a significant overall association between household wealth and HIV infection. However, there is some indication of increased risk among those in wealthier households that is explained by sexual behavior factors. The increased vulnerability of individuals in wealthier households is particularly apparent for women and rural residents. On the other hand, individuals with higher educational attainment have reduced odds of HIV infection. Those with secondary or higher educational attainment have 37 percent lower odds of being HIV-positive compared to those with no education in the general population when other socio-economic, socio-demographic, and socio-sexual factors are controlled for, and secondary or higher education is more effective in reducing vulnerability in urban than rural areas, and in 2011 than 2004–05. However, incomplete or complete primary educational attainment is associated with increased odds of being HIV-positive in both 2004/5 and 2011 and among rural residents, when important socio-demographic and sexual behavior factors are controlled for. Sexual and gender based violence is associated with increased vulnerability to HIV infection by 34 percent at the individual-level. Besides individual-level effects, community-level SES and SGBV are also important determinants of HIV vulnerability. When both community and individual-level factors were controlled for, living in a community with a higher proportion of wealthy households was associated with increased likelihood of being infected with HIV compared to living in communities with a lower proportion of wealthy households. For social factors, living in an area with higher proportions of: formerly married people, and people who were drunk with alcohol before unsafe sex was also associated with an increased likelihood of being infected with HIV compared to living in areas with lower proportions of people with these practices who had similar other characteristics. However, living in communities with a higher proportion of polygamous men was associated with a lower likelihood of being infected with HIV compared to living in communities with a lower proportion of polygamous men. Overall, community factors account for 10 percent of total variation in HIV prevalence. Conclusions and policy implications Individual-level and societal factors are both important in creating vulnerability to the risk of HIV infection in Uganda. These conclusions are largely consistent with Bourdieu’s theoretical and methodological principles and have broad implications for the HIV/AIDS response that presently pays less attention to societal determinants of HIV vulnerability. To effectively prevent HIV infections, HIV/AIDS policies need to recognize the micro, macro, and complex nature of the AIDS epidemic in Uganda. Attention needs to be paid to how household and community wealth, educational attainment and SGBV influence vulnerability to the risk of HIV infection in Uganda and perhaps, similar settings elsewhere.

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Kress, Marin M. "Identification and use of indicator data to develop models for Marine-sourced risks in Massachusetts Bay." Thesis, University of Massachusetts Boston, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10118449.

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The coastal watersheds around Massachusetts Bay are home to millions of people, many of whom recreate in coastal waters and consume locally harvested shellfish. Epidemiological data on food-borne illness and illnesses associated with recreational water exposure are known to be incomplete. Of major food categories, seafood has the highest recorded rate of associated foodborne illness. In total, the health impacts from these marine-sourced risks are estimated to cost millions of dollars each year in medical expenses or lost productivity. When recorded epidemiological data is incomplete it may be possible to estimate abundance or prevalence of specific pathogens or toxins in the source environment, but such environmental health challenges require an interdisciplinary approach.

This dissertation is divided into four sections: (1) a presentation of two frameworks for organizing research and responses to environmental health issues; (2) an exploration of human population dynamics in Massachusetts Bay coastal watersheds from 2000 to 2010 followed by a review of, and identification of potential indicators for, five marine-sourced risks: Enterococcus bacteria, Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria, Hepatitis A Virus, potentially toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia genus diatoms, and anthropogenic antibiotics; (3) an introduction to environmental health research in the context of a changing data landscape, presentation of a generalized workflow for such research with a description of data sources relevant to marine environmental health for Massachusetts Bay; and (4) generation of models for the presence/absence of Enterococcus bacteria and Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima complex diatoms and model selection using an information-theoretic approach.

This dissertation produced estimates of coastal watershed demographics and usage levels for anthropogenic antibiotics, it also demonstrated that Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima complex diatoms may be present in any season of the year. Of the modeling generation and selection, the Enterococcus model performed poorly overall, but the Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima complex model performed adequately, demonstrating high sensitivity with a low rate of false negatives. This dissertation concludes that monitoring data collected for other purposes can be used to estimate marine-sourced risks in Massachusetts Bay, and such work would be improved by data from purpose-designed studies.

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Kyryliuk, Dmytro. "Total suspended matter derived from MERIS data as an indicator of coastal processes in the Baltic Sea." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och botanik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-137165.

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Rzeszucinski, Pawel. "Development of reliable vibration-based condition indicators and their data fusion for the robust health diagnosis of gearboxes." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/development-of-reliable-vibrationbased-condition-indicators-and-their-data-fusion-for-the-robust-health-diagnosis-of-gearboxes(fa25db2f-89a5-420f-ba56-68ef7da874f9).html.

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Performing condition monitoring related tasks on any machinery is an essential element of their rational maintenance. Endeavours to detect an incipient fault within a system serve multiple purposes from increasing the safety of people responsible for operating the machines through decreasing the running and operational costs, allowing time to plan for the inevitable repairs and making sure that the downtime of the machine is kept to an absolute minimum. All these tasks gain extra importance in a case when machines are operated in dangerous conditions putting people's lives in potential jeopardy - for instance in the field of operating a helicopter. The robust assessment of the condition of gearboxes used by helicopters has recently been given an increased attention due to a number of accidents which followed an undetected drive train component failure. The majority of the on-board mounted condition monitoring systems use vibration response signals which are specifically processed to obtain a single number which is representative of a condition of a given monitored drive train component. Those signal processing methods are called Condition Indicators (CIs). There are a number of such CIs which are already in use and they seem to adequately indicate faults in most of the cases. However in a number of instances it has been observed that the most popular parameters like Crest Factor or FM4 failed to dependably reflect the true condition of the gear causing serious accidents, some of which resulted in a number of lives being lost. For this reason the presented research is focused on investigating the limitations of the existing CIs and designing a set of improved CIs. The development process is based on overcoming the drawbacks of thetechniques used in existing CIs combined with the intelligence gathered while analysing the acceleration vibration signals which contained a gear or a bearing fault. Five new CIs are proposed and the details of their design are documented. Both the existing and the proposed CIs are applied on the available, uncorrelated datasets. The results of the comparison show that the newly developed CIs are capable of indicating a gear or a bearing fault in a more robust and dependable fashion. Each proposed CI alone may not be the most robust indicator of the actual condition of the monitored component hence the output from all proposed CIs is combined into a single indication through use of a novel data fusion model. The Combined CI created based on the data fusion model is observed to be more robust compared to each CI alone, hence it may increase the confidence level of the decision making routine and is expected to decrease the number of false alarms. The methods of the existing CIs, the proposed CIs and the data fusion techniques as well as the results of the comparison between the different approaches are present in this thesis.

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Johansson, Bodil. "Ekologiska fotavtryck för koldioxidutsläpp för Stockholms län, Norrbottens län och Stockholms läns landsting : En kritisk metodgranskning baserad på kvantitativa data." Thesis, Stockholm University, Interdisciplinary Environmental Research (CTM), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-7173.

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Human existence and welfare depend on functional ecosystems. Ecosystems are critical to sustain life-support services for human well-being. One method that visualizes that humanity requires ecosystem services for resource consumption and assimilation of produced waste is ecological footprints. This study focuses on the ecosystem service carbon sequestering. A quantification of this ecosystem service showed the potential for accumulation of carbon in different ecosystems in Stockholm and Norrbotten County for the years of 1995 and 2004. This study also provides an estimate of the ecosystem area that is appropriated to accumulate all carbon from total carbon dioxide emissions in Stockholm and Norrbotten County respectively. The appropriated ecosystem area represents the ecological footprint. The ecological footprint is also calculated for Stockholms läns landsting`s total carbon dioxide emissions in 2004. The total potential for accumulation of carbon is lower in the ecosystems in Stockholm County in 2004 than in 1995 and the corresponding figure for Norrbotten County has increased. The results indicate that the total potential for carbon accumulation in Stockholm County was approximately 427 kton C year-1 in 1995 and 352 kton C year -1 in 2004. In 1995 the ecosystems in Stockholm County could assimilate 26% of the county’s total emissions whereas the figure for 2004 was 21%. In Norrbotten County, the total potential for accumulation was approximately 2 824 kton C year -1 in 1995 and 2 983 kton C year -1 in 2004. The ecosystem area that is appropriated to assimilate total emissions of carbon dioxide was smaller in 2004 than in 1995 in Stockholm County and larger in Norrbotten County. The ecological footprint for total carbon dioxide emissions in Stockholm County was 12 696 km2 in 1995 and 12 506 km2 in 2004. The corresponding estimate for Norrbotten County indicate that the ecological footprint for total carbon sequestering was 14 457 km2 in 1995 and 32 146 km2 in 2004. The result shows that both regions require large areas of ecosystem to absorb total emissions of carbon dioxide. Stockholms läns landsting´s ecological footprint was 409 km2, which corresponds to 3.3 % of the County’s total ecological footprint. Stockholm County depends on ecosystem areas outside the region for assimilation of the region’s total emissions of carbon dioxide. According to the results Norrbotten County is self-sufficient with regard to the ecosystem service carbon accumulation. This study also includes a discussion of the advantages and limitations of the ecological footprint as a methodology. The received results serve as the starting point for this discussion. Ecological footprints are pedagogic and communicative indicators and can therefore reach out to a broad audience which is a great advantage with the method. It is a static measure and is therefore incapable of giving any presages. Ecological footprints do not take the dynamics and complexity of ecosystems into account and can therefore not provide any information about the possibilities for ecosystems to deliver ecosystem services at the same quality and quantity in the future. The method does not take socio-economic factors into consideration. For these reasons, ecological footprint should not be used as an indicator for sustainability. On the other hand, ecological footprint can illustrate why an ecologically sustainable development is necessary by visualizing that human welfare and existence rely on functional ecosystems.

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Sandy, Alexis Emily. "Environmental and Digital Data Analysis of the National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) Landscape Position Classification System." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33572.

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The National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) is the definitive source for wetland resources in the United States. The NWI production unit in Hadley, MA has begun to upgrade their digital map database, integrating descriptors for assessment of wetland functions. Updating is conducted manually and some automation is needed to increase production and efficiency. This study assigned landscape position descriptor codes to NWI wetland polygons and correlated polygon environmental properties with public domain terrain, soils, hydrology, and vegetation data within the Coastal Plain of Virginia. Environmental properties were applied to a non-metric multidimensional scaling technique to identify similarities within individual landscape positions based on wetland plant indicators, primary and secondary hydrology indicators, and field indicators of hydric soils. Individual NWI landscape position classes were linked to field-validated environmental properties. Measures provided by this analysis indicated that wetland plant occurrence and wetland plant status obtained a stress value of 0.136 (Kruskalâ s stress measure = poor), which is a poor indicator when determining correlation among wetland environmental properties. This is due principally to the highly-variable plant distribution and wetland plant status found among the field-validated sites. Primary and secondary hydrology indicators obtained a stress rating of 0.097 (Kruskalâ s stress measure = good) for correlation. The hydrology indicators measured in this analysis had a high level of correlation with all NWI landscape position classes due the common occurrence of at least one primary hydrology indicator in all field validated wetlands. The secondary indicators had an increased accuracy in landscape position discrimination over the primary indicators because they were less ubiquitous. Hydric soil characteristics listed in the 1987 Manual and NTCHS field indicators of hydric soils proved to be a relatively poor indicator, based on Kruskalâ s stress measure of 0.117, for contrasting landscape position classes because the same values occurred across all classes. The six NWI fieldâ validated landscape position classes used in this study were then further applied in a public domain digital data analysis. Mean pixel attribute values extracted from the 180 field-validated wetlands were analyzed using cluster analysis. The percent hydric soil component displayed the greatest variance when compared to elevation and slope curvature, streamflow and waterbody, Cowardin classification, and wetland vegetation type. Limitations of the soil survey data included: variable date of acquisition, small scale compared to wetland size, and variable quality. Flow had limitations related to its linear attributes, therefore is often found insignificant when evaluating pixel values that are mean of selected pixels across of wetland landscape position polygons. NLCD data limitations included poor quality resolution (large pixel size) and variable classification of cover types. The three sources of information that would improve wetland mapping and modeling the subtle changes in elevation and slope curvature that characterize wetland landscapes are: recent high resolution leaf-off aerial photography, high-quality soil survey data, and high-resolution elevation data. Due to the data limitations and the choice of variables used in this study, development of models and rules that clearly separate the six different landscape positions was not possible, and thus automation of coding could not be attempted.
Master of Science

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Promwungkwa, Anucha. "Data Structure and Error Estimation for an Adaptive p-Version Finite Element Method in 2-D and 3-D Solids." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30507.

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Automation of finite element analysis based on a fully adaptive p-refinement procedure can reduce the magnitude of discretization error to the desired accuracy with minimum computational cost and computer resources. This study aims to 1) develop an efficient p-refinement procedure with a non-uniform p analysis capability for solving 2-D and 3-D elastostatic mechanics problems, and 2) introduce a stress error estimate. An element-by-element algorithm that decides the appropriate order for each element, where element orders can range from 1 to 8, is described. Global and element data structures that manage the complex data generated during the refinement process are introduced. These data structures are designed to match the concept of object-oriented programming where data and functions are managed and organized simultaneously. The stress error indicator introduced is found to be more reliable and to converge faster than the error indicator measured in an energy norm called the residual method. The use of the stress error indicator results in approximately 20% fewer degrees of freedom than the residual method. Agreement of the calculated stress error values and the stress error indicator values confirms the convergence of final stresses to the analyst. The error order of the stress error estimate is postulated to be one order higher than the error order of the error estimate using the residual method. The mapping of a curved boundary element in the working coordinate system from a square-shape element in the natural coordinate system results in a significant improvement in the accuracy of stress results. Numerical examples demonstrate that refinement using non-uniform p analysis is superior to uniform p analysis in the convergence rates of output stresses or related terms. Non-uniform p analysis uses approximately 50% to 80% less computational time than uniform p analysis in solving the selected stress concentration and stress intensity problems. More importantly, the non-uniform p refinement procedure scales the number of equations down by 1/2 to 3/4. Therefore, a small scale computer can be used to solve equation systems generated using high order p-elements. In the calculation of the stress intensity factor of a semi-elliptical surface crack in a finite-thickness plate, non-uniform p analysis used fewer degrees of freedom than a conventional h-type element analysis found in the literature.
Ph. D.

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Rais, Filip. "Master Data Management, Integrace zákaznických dat a hodnota pro business." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72428.

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This thesis is focused on Master Data Management (MDM), Customer Data Integration (CDI) area and its main domains. It is also a reference to a various theoretical directions that can be found in this area of expertise. It summarizes main aspects, domains and presents different perspectives to referenced principles. It is an exhaustive background research in area of Master Data Management with emphasis on practical use with references on authors experience and opinions. Secondary focus is directed to the field of business value of Master Data Management initiatives. Thesis presents a thought concept for initiations of MDM project. The reason for such a concept is based on current trend, where companies are struggling to determine actual benefits of MDM initiatives. There is overall accord on the subject of necessity of such initiatives, but the struggle is in area of determining actual measureable impact on company's revenue or profit. Since the MDM initiative is more of an enabling function, rather than direct revenue function, the benefit is less straight forward and therefore harder to determine. This work describes different layers and mapping of business requirements through layers for transparent linkage between enabling functions to revenue generating ones. The emphasis is given to financial benefit calculation, measurability and responsibility of business and IT departments. To underline certain conclusions thesis also presents real world interviews with possible stakeholders of MDM initiative within the company. These representatives were selected as key drivers for such an initiative. Interviews map their recognition of MDM and related terms. It also focus on their reasons and expectations from MDM. The representatives were also selected to equally represent business and IT departments, which presents interesting clash of views and expectations.

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Tornés, Bes Elisabet. "Distributional patterns of diatom communities in Mediterranean rivers." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7875.

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Aquesta tesi tracta la jerarquia i l'heterogeneïtat dels sistemes fluvials que afecten l'estructura de les comunitats bentòniques de diatomees. A nivell regional, es van buscar diferents grups de punts i les seves espècies indicadores, es va estudiar la resposta de les comunitats de diatomees als gradients ambientals, es va avaluar la utilitat de diferents índexs de diatomees i es va buscar el millor sistema de classificació per a condicions de referència. A nivell de conca, es volien definir els factors que determinen la distribució longitudinal de la diversitat de les comunitats de diatomees. Finalment, a nivell d'hàbitat es van determinar quins factors afecten les algues i els cianobacteris a aquesta escala i es va examinar la contribució relativa de l'ambient i l'espai en la distribució de la biomassa i composició d'algues i cianobacteris. Per tant, els diferents capítols d'aquesta tesi han estat desenvolupats seguint aquest esquema.
This thesis deals with the hierarchy and heterogeneity of stream systems affecting the structure of benthic diatom communities. At a regional level, I search for different groups of sites and their indicator taxa, I studied the responses of the diatom communities to the gradients of environmental variables, I tested the usefulness of diatom indices and I searched for the best classification system for reference conditions. At a watershed level my interest was to define the factors that determined the longitudinal distribution of diversity of diatom communities. Finally, at a habitat level it was interesting to determine the factors affecting algae and cyanobacteria at this scale and examine the relative effects of environmental factors and space on the distribution of biomass and composition of benthic algae and cyanobacteria. Thus, the different chapters of the thesis had been approached following this scheme.

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Blankenship, James R. "Assessing the ability of hyperspectral data to detect Lyngbya SPP a potential biological indicator for presence of metal objects in the littoral environment." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion.exe/06Dec%5FBlankenship.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Space Systems Operations)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2006.
Thesis Advisor(s): Daria Siciliano, R. C. Olsen. "December 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 233-239). Also available in print.

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Clergué, Boris. "Évaluation de l'impact des pratiques agricoles sur les fonctions de la biodiversité à l'aide d'indicateurs agri-environnementaux : approche globale et développement d'un indicateur de "résistance aux stress biotiques"." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL048N/document.

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Des outils d’évaluation pertinents sont nécessaires pour évaluer l’impact des pratiques agricoles sur les fonctions assurées par la biodiversité de l’échelle de la parcelle à l’échelle du territoire. L’objectif et l’innovation du présent travail a été d’explorer une nouvelle méthode de création d’un outil d’évaluation des fonctions de la biodiversité. Nous avons choisi comme méthode d’évaluation les indicateurs agri-environnementaux, qui permettent d’évaluer l’impact des pratiques agricoles sur les compartiments de l’environnement (eau, sol, air, faune et flore) et aident à la prise de décisions. Nous proposons donc une architecture générale d’un indicateur de biodiversité fonctionnelle et le détail d’un indicateur de fonction agronomique d’importance: la résistance aux stress biotiques. Au sein de cet indicateur se trouve un sous-indicateur : le « rôle des auxiliaires terrestre ». Les carabes seront utilisés comme auxiliaire modèle pour la construction de ce sous-indicateur. Deux méthodes de construction d’indicateurs sont comparées: une méthode à dire d’expert et une méthode par fouille de données, cette deuxième méthode représentant une innovation de la thèse. Les résultats de ces méthodes sont ensuite comparés à des mesures de terrain conduit sur le territoire de Vittel. Les mesures de terrain ont concerné le suivi des populations de carabes, et l’organisation du territoire agricole. Un traitement par un système d’information géographique a permis la validation des indicateurs obtenus
Relevant tools for assessment are necessary to evaluate the impact of agricultural pratices on the functions provided by biodiversity at the plot scale to the landscape scale. The goal and the innovation of this work has been to explore a new method of creation of an assessment tool of the biodiversity functions. We have chosen like assessment method the agri-environmental indicators, which make it possible to evaluate the impact of agricultural practices on environment compartments (water, soil, air, fauna and flora) and help to decision-making. We thus propose a general architecture of an indicator of functional biodiversity and the detail of an agronomic function indicator of importance: resistance to the biotic stresses. Within this indicator, an under-indicator is: the « role of the terrestrial auxiliaries ». Carabids will be used as model auxiliary for the construction of this under-indicator. Two building methods of indicators are compared: a method with expert saying and a method with data mining, this second method representing an innovation of the thesis. The results of these methods are then compared with field datas leads on the Vittel territory. Field datas related to the follow-up of the carabid populations and the organization of the agricultural landscape. A treatment by a geographical information system allowed the validation of the indicators obtained

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Tolosana, Delgado Raimon. "Geostatistics for constrained variables: positive data, compositions and probabilities. Applications to environmental hazard monitoring." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7903.

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Aquesta tesi estudia com estimar la distribució de les variables regionalitzades l'espai mostral i l'escala de les quals admeten una estructura d'espai Euclidià. Apliquem el principi del treball en coordenades: triem una base ortonormal, fem estadística sobre les coordenades de les dades, i apliquem els output a la base per tal de recuperar un resultat en el mateix espai original. Aplicant-ho a les variables regionalitzades, obtenim una aproximació única consistent, que generalitza les conegudes propietats de les tècniques de kriging a diversos espais mostrals: dades reals, positives o composicionals (vectors de components positives amb suma constant) són tractades com casos particulars. D'aquesta manera, es generalitza la geostadística lineal, i s'ofereix solucions a coneguts problemes de la no-lineal, tot adaptant la mesura i els criteris de representativitat (i.e., mitjanes) a les dades tractades. L'estimador per a dades positives coincideix amb una mitjana geomètrica ponderada, equivalent a l'estimació de la mediana, sense cap dels problemes del clàssic kriging lognormal. El cas composicional ofereix solucions equivalents, però a més permet estimar vectors de probabilitat multinomial. Amb una aproximació bayesiana preliminar, el kriging de composicions esdevé també una alternativa consistent al kriging indicador. Aquesta tècnica s'empra per estimar funcions de probabilitat de variables qualsevol, malgrat que sovint ofereix estimacions negatives, cosa que s'evita amb l'alternativa proposada. La utilitat d'aquest conjunt de tècniques es comprova estudiant la contaminació per amoníac a una estació de control automàtic de la qualitat de l'aigua de la conca de la Tordera, i es conclou que només fent servir les tècniques proposades hom pot detectar en quins instants l'amoni es transforma en amoníac en una concentració superior a la legalment permesa.
This Thesis presents an estimation procedure for the distribution of regionalized variables with sample space and scale admitting an Euclidean structure. We apply the principle of working on coordinates: choose an orthonormal basis; do statistics on the coordinates of your observations on that basis; and, by applying the output to the basis, you will recover a result within the original space. Applying this procedure to regionalized variables, we obtain a unified, consistent method, with the same properties of classical linear kriging techniques, but valid for several sample spaces: real data, positive data and compositions (vectors of positive components summing up to a constant) are regarded as particular cases. In this way we generalize the linear kriging techniques, and offer a solution to several well-known problems of the non-linear ones, by adapting the measure of the space and the averaging criterion (the way means are computed) to the data. The obtained estimator for positive variables is a weighted geometric mean, equivalent to estimate the median, which has none of the drawback of classical lognormal kriging. For compositional data, equivalent results are obtained, but which also serve to treat multinomial probability vectors. By combining this with a preliminary Bayesian estimation, our kriging for compositions become also a valid alternative to indicator kriging, without its order-relation problems (i.e. the rather-usual negative estimates of some probabilities). These techniques are validated by studying the ammonia pollution hazard in an automatic water quality control station placed in a small Mediterranean river. Only the proposed techniques allow us to assess when the secondary pollution by ammonia exceeds the existing legal threshold.

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Harju, Schnee Linn, and Rakel Wallentin. "Från data till ett organisatoriskt förstoringsglas : En kvalitativ studie om designen av dashboards i praktiken." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448751.

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Dashboarden har kommit att bli ett uppmärksammat verktyg bland organisationer de senaste åren. En dashboard kan beskrivas som en visuell display som förmedlar väsentlig information nödvändig för att uppnå ett eller flera objektiv, som kan övervakas med en enda blick. En effektivt designad dashboard kan optimera ett företags prestationer och beslutsfattande genom att styra medlemmar i samma riktning samt förse dem med pålitliga beslutsunderlag. Tidigare forskning och läroböcker har berört motivation, implementersstadier av dashboards, val av nyckeltal samt hur dashboards ska designas för att vara effektiva. Få studier har dock undersökt hur dashboards designas i praktiken. Syftet med denna uppsats var därför att undersöka hur företags design av dashboards ser ut, och mer specifikt hur designen varierar efter syftet med dashboarden. För att besvara problemställningen genomfördes en kvalitativ studie i form av små N-studier. Datainsamlingen inkluderade fem separata intervjuer med respondenter som varit delaktiga i designen av deras företags dashboard, samt kompletterande skärmavbilder på dessa. Studiens resultat indikerar att designen av dashboards i praktiken är komplext, men att några samband mellan syfte och design kan identifieras. Beroende på typen av dashboard, vilket korrelerar med dess syfte, kommer valet av KPI:er och funktionella egenskaper se olika ut. Inget tydligt samband mellan syfte och visuella egenskaper kunde identifieras.

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Hudrlíková, Lenka. "Kompozitní indikátory: konstrukce, využití, interpretace." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-191786.

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This thesis brings a comprehensive view on the construction, usage and interpretation of composite indicators. Methods and techniques, which can be used for constructing composite indicators, are introduced. The focus is on their contribution to the transparent solution of the problem of correlation and compensability among underlying indicators. Transparency in construction of composite indicators is a crucial requirement for obtaining reliable results and their correct interpretation. The thesis consists of two main parts. The first part is theoretically oriented. First, the problem of adequacy and subsequently a measurement of the phenomenon by means of statistical indicators are discussed. Different methods for data normalization, setting a weighting scheme and aggregation are introduced and compared. These three steps are considered to be crucial in a process of constructing a composite indicator and thus, they are the core of the thesis. The aim is to investigate an interaction of normalization methods, weight-setting and aggregation methods, since these steps are not separate. The second part of the thesis consists of two comprehensive cases. Theoretical findings are applied and empirically verified in these cases. I investigated a robustness of the composite indicator depending on a combination of selected methods of normalization, setting weights and aggregation on a set of Europe 2020 indicators. Whereas this first case dealt with the comparative analysis of methods, the second case is focused purely on one issue -- university ranking. The proposed method reacts to criticism of currently published university rankings and takes into account specifics of the particular university as well as the exogenous background characteristics. The main added value rests in a contribution to a discussion about the improvement of construction and overall quality of composite indicators including their interpretation. I pointed out the main concerns and difficulties of composite indicators that often remain unnoticed by users and even constructors. The conclusion brings several beneficial findings, which can be used for the construction of a composite indicator and an interpretation of final scores and ranking. This work can also serve as a scientific ground for further research and development of the methodology of constructing composite indicators.

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Nyman, Jacob. "Machinery Health Indicator Construction using Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm Optimization of a Feed-forward Neural Network based on Distance." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298084.

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Assessment of machine health and prediction of future failures are critical for maintenance decisions. Many of the existing methods use unsupervised techniques to construct health indicators by measuring the disparity between the current state and either the healthy or the faulty states of the system. This approach can work well, but if the resulting health indicators are insufficient there is no easy way to steer the algorithm towards better ones. In this thesis a new method for health indicator construction is investigated that aims to solve this issue. It is based on measuring distance after transforming the sensor data into a new space using a feed-forward neural network. The feed-forward neural network is trained using a multi-objective optimization algorithm, NSGA-II, to optimize criteria that are desired in a health indicator. Thereafter the constructed health indicator is passed into a gated recurrent unit for remaining useful life prediction. The approach is compared to benchmarks on the NASA Turbofan Engine Degradation Simulation dataset and in regard to the size of the neural networks, the model performs relatively well, but does not outperform the results reported by a few of the more recent methods. The method is also investigated on a simulated dataset based on elevator weights with two independent failures. The method is able to construct a single health indicator with a desirable shape for both failures, although the latter estimates of time until failure are overestimated for the more rare failure type. On both datasets the health indicator construction method is compared with a baseline without transformation function and does in both cases outperform it in terms of the resulting remaining useful life prediction error using the gated recurrent unit. Overall, the method is shown to be flexible in generating health indicators with different characteristics and because of its properties it is adaptive to different remaining useful life prediction methods.
Estimering av maskinhälsa och prognos av framtida fel är kritiska steg för underhållsbeslut. Många av de befintliga metoderna använder icke-väglett (unsupervised) lärande för att konstruera hälsoindikatorer som beskriver maskinens tillstånd över tid. Detta sker genom att mäta olikheter mellan det nuvarande tillståndet och antingen de friska eller fallerande tillstånden i systemet. Det här tillvägagångssättet kan fungera väl, men om de resulterande hälsoindikatorerna är otillräckliga så finns det inget enkelt sätt att styra algoritmen mot bättre. I det här examensarbetet undersöks en ny metod för konstruktion av hälsoindikatorer som försöker lösa det här problemet. Den är baserad på avståndsmätning efter att ha transformerat indatat till ett nytt vektorrum genom ett feed-forward neuralt nätverk. Nätverket är tränat genom en multi-objektiv optimeringsalgoritm, NSGA-II, för att optimera kriterier som är önskvärda hos en hälsoindikator. Därefter används den konstruerade hälsoindikatorn som indata till en gated recurrent unit (ett neuralt nätverk som hanterar sekventiell data) för att förutspå återstående livslängd hos systemet i fråga. Metoden jämförs med andra metoder på ett dataset från NASA som simulerar degradering hos turbofan-motorer. Med avseende på storleken på de använda neurala nätverken så är resultatet relativt bra, men överträffar inte resultaten rapporterade från några av de senaste metoderna. Metoden testas även på ett simulerat dataset baserat på elevatorer som fraktar säd med två oberoende fel. Metoden lyckas skapa en hälsoindikator som har en önskvärd form för båda felen. Dock så överskattar den senare modellen, som använde hälsoindikatorn, återstående livslängd vid estimering av det mer ovanliga felet. På båda dataseten jämförs metoden för hälsoindikatorkonstruktion med en basmetod utan transformering, d.v.s. avståndet mäts direkt från grund-datat. I båda fallen överträffar den föreslagna metoden basmetoden i termer av förutsägelsefel av återstående livslängd genom gated recurrent unit- nätverket. På det stora hela så visar sig metoden vara flexibel i skapandet av hälsoindikatorer med olika attribut och p.g.a. metodens egenskaper är den adaptiv för olika typer av metoder som förutspår återstående livslängd.

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Karásek, Tomáš. "Specifika rozvoje datového skladu v bance." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-203876.

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The present thesis deals with the specifics of Data Warehouse enhancement in a bank. The aim of the thesis is a definition of the general specifics of banks, their Business Intelligence and Data Warehouse enhancement compared to other companies. The thesis is divided into seven parts. The first part describes the theoretical basis of banking and Business Intelligence. The second part defines the general specifics of banks and their informatics compared to other companies. Then Business Intelligence in a bank, its architecture and enhancement are explored. In the fourth part a conceptual data model of Data Warehouse in a bank is introduced and described in detail. Afterwards the main source systems of Data Warehouse are identified and matched to the subject areas of the data model. The sixth part discovers important application areas of Business Intelligence usage and mentions the basic indicators. The last part presents a case study (a project of Data Warehouse enhancement in a bank). The result of this thesis is clear description of the Data Warehouse in a bank, its data model, source systems, application areas and enhancement.

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Geiberger, Philipp. "Monitoring energy efficiency of heavy haul freight trains with energy meter data." Thesis, KTH, Spårfordon, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-299421.

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In this MSc thesis, it is investigated what parameters are relevant for describing energy consumption of heavy haul freight trains and how these can be used to develop key performance indicators (KPIs) for energy efficiency. The possible set of KPI is bounded by data available from energy meters used in electric IORE class locomotives hauling iron ore trains in northern Sweden. Furthermore, the analysis is only concerned with energy efficiency at the rolling stock level, excluding losses in the electric power supply network. Based on a literature study, parameters of interest describing driver, operations and rolling stock energy efficiency have been identified. By means of simulation, a parametric study is performed, simulating a 30 ton axle load iron ore train with 68 wagons. Train modelling input is obtained from technical documentation or estimated through measurements and statistical analysis. A multi-particle representation of the train is used to calculate gradient resistance for the simulation, which is also applied to determine the curve resistance. Results show that the motion resistance is simulated quite accurately, while the lack of a driver model in the simulation tool leads to overestimation of energy consumption. Taking this into account, the importance of the driver for energy efficiency can still clearly be showcased in the parametric study. Especially on long steep downhill sections, prioritising the electric brakes over mechanical brakes is demonstrated to have a huge influence on net energy consumption, as has the amount of coasting applied. With the same driver behaviour in all simulations, the savings in specific energy from increasing axle load to 32.5 tons is estimated. Moreover, a comparison of increased train length and axle load points towards higher savings for the latter. In the end, parametric study results are used to recommend a structure for a monitoring system of energy efficiency based on a set of KPIs. With a sufficiently high sampling rate of energy meter data, it is adequate for calculating driver related KPIs and some additional KPIs. More KPIs can be tracked with access to additional data, e.g. cargo load.
I detta examensarbete undersöks vilka parametrar som är relevanta för att beskriva energiförbrukning för tunga godståg och hur dessa kan nyttjas för att utveckla nyckeltal för energieffektivitet. Antalet möjliga nyckeltal avgränsas till sådana som kan beräknas med data från elmätare som används i elektriska littera IORE lok som drar tunga malmtåg i norra Sverige. Vidare så tar analysen endast hänsyn till energieffektivitet för rullande materiel, vilket utesluter förluster i elektriska kraftmatningsnätet. Baserad på en litteraturstudie har relevanta parametrar som beskriver förare, drift och rullande materiel identifierats. Med hjälp av simuleringar av ett malmtåg med 30 tons axellast och 68 vagnar så utförs en parameterstudie. Indata för tågmodelleringen erhålls från teknisk dokumentation respektive uppskattas genom mätningar och statistisk analys. En representation av tåget som flertalet partiklar tillämpas i simulering för att beräkna lutningsmotståndet. Dessutom används densamma för att ta fram kurvmotståndet. Resultaten visar att gångmotstånd simuleras ganska exakt, medan avsaknad av en förarmodell i simuleringsvertyget leder till överskattad energiförbrukning. Med hänsyn tagen till detta så kan betydelsen av föraren för energieffektivitet fortfarande påvisas mycket tydligt i parameterstudien. I synnerhet i långa branta nedförsbackar har prioritering av den elektriska bromsen framför den mekaniska bromsen mycket stor påverkan på nettoenergiförbrukningen, likaväl som hur mycket tåget frirullar. Med samma förarbeteende i samtliga simuleringar har besparingar i specifik energiförbrukning kunnat uppskattats för en ökning av axellasten till 32,5 ton. Dessutom pekar en jämförelse av ökad tåglängd och axellast mot att sistnämnda ger större besparingar. Slutligen så har resultaten från parameterstudien nyttjats för att rekommendera en struktur för ett uppföljningssystem av energieffektivitet baserad på en uppsättning av nyckeltal. Med tillräckligt hög samplingsfrekvens på data från elmätare är den adekvat för att beräkna vissa nyckeltal, framförallt relaterad till förare. Fler nyckeltal kan följas upp med mer tillgänglig data så som lastvikter.

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Vu, Thi Lan. "Determinants of utilization of insecticide-treated nets for malaria prevention among children under five years of age in Ghana: A secondary analysis of the National Malaria Indicator Survey Data 2016." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-397980.

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Background: Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are one of the most effective prevention measures against malaria. Malaria is highly endemic in Ghana. The country implemented mass distribution campaigns of ITNs to cover 80% to 95% of the population but the rate of ITNs use among children under 5 years was 52%, which was lower than the universal coverage target of 100%. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the socio-demographic factors associated with ITNs utilization among children under 5 years in Ghana. Methods: This was a secondary analysis from cross-sectional data of 3,029 children under five years obtained from Ghana Malaria Indicator Survey 2016. Logistic regression analysis was done to identify the determinants of ITNs utilization among children under 5 years in Ghana. Results: Size of the household, number of children ≤5 years old in the household, household wealth index, education level of mother, knowledge of mother on the protection of mosquito nets, place of residence, and region of residence were found to be significantly associated with ITNs utilization in children under 5 years. Conclusion: More interventions are needed to promote the use of ITNs to protect children against malaria. Interventions should focus on households with more than 7 members, households with more than 3 childrens ≤5 years, and on promoting girl’s education.

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Kratochvilová, Alena. "Reporting vybrané firmy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-319203.

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This diploma thesis deals with the issue of reporting in a company. Through a deep analysis of internal and external environment, it seeks to identify and define the company's needs in order to determine the ideal form of business reports. The theoretical part describes what reporting is, what it serves and what general reasons there are for its compilation. In the practical part, I try to find the reasons for compiling reports in the company and define the form of business reports in the drafting solution. The conclusion of this thesis evaluates its goal achievement.

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Macura, Milan. "Hodnocení tazatelů v marketingových výzkumech." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72735.

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This Diploma work is focused on evaluation options of quality of inquirer work in marketing research. Assigned task was founding proper indicators, which will help the agencies to assess if and how much the inquirers fulfill the requirements laid on them. First part contains the description of known standards and biases, which occur during marketing research. Bias indicators, which were the main goal to identify and formalize, are described in the second part. These indicators can serve as a guide to expose low quality inquirers. The constituent part of this work is an example of data analysis of real project, where the construction of some of these indicators has been described. This analysis confirmed the assumption that the data analysis should be inseparable part of every marketing research project, because low quality and cheating inquirers can be exposed on its base. Results presentation and suggestions for better checking of the data obtained by the inquirers in the field can help agencies to obtain more quality data and therefore make better and more trustable conclusions of market research projects.

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Rahman, Shahbaaz. "The Impact of Adopting “Business Intelligence (BI)” in Organizations." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Informationssystem, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-153204.

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In economically turbulent times, Business Intelligence (BI) is increasingly being used to mitigate risk and increase certainty. The evolution of BI from a series of technologies to a platform for supporting strategies is analyzed in this thesis. The concentration is on how BI can streamline manufacturing, quality assurance, marketing and customer service are evaluated, as are the potential payoffs of increasing the level of insight an organization has. The thesis also includes analysis of how the more complex value chain processes including build-to-order, configure-to-order and quote-to-order can be made more efficient and profitable through the inclusion of BI and its associated analytics and technologies. The inclusion of the Delphi research technique makes this paper unique and strong in its content as well. The role of BI has shifted from being used in specific functional areas of an organization to being strategic in scope. The intent of this thesis is to evaluate its contributions to the customer-facing processes that are the most complex and most challenging to sustain, making BI an indispensible platform for their successful execution on the base of theories and practical experience of the BI experts.

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Ruengvirayudh, Pornchanok. "A Monte Carlo Study of Parallel Analysis, Minimum Average Partial, Indicator Function, and Modified Average Roots for Determining the Number of Dimensions with Binary Variables in Test Data: Impact of Sample Size and Factor Structure." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou151516919677091.

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Berglund, Christopher, and Amar Tenic. "Dashboard design and its relation to KPIs : A qualitative case study on a software company." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för informatik (IK), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96351.

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Monitoring key performance indicators (KPI) give practitioners immersive experience that is priceless when it comes to decision making and performance-enhancing in software companies. Used together with different tools that enable visualization of KPIs, users obtain big advantages that enable quick troubleshooting and detections of errors that could emerge in a product or a system. Many studies have been followed out in the field of data visualization using KPIs and digital dashboards. Still, the subject of KPIs providing valuable information to companies that are developing HR and payroll systems is relatively unexplored. The purpose of this thesis has been to investigate how essential KPIs should be visualized on a digital dashboard using a case company that focuses on developing HR and payroll systems. To investigate the phenomenon, five different interviews were conducted, and a digital dashboard was developed. The interviewees that participated in the empiric data collection were employees stationed in different teams with various authorities and experiences in the field of dashboards and KPIs. Previous works in the field of data visualization indicates that KPIs can be used and presented in various ways. When presenting KPIs on a dashboard, there are different factors that are of big influence of how successful the visualization gets. There are no complete templates on how KPIs should be visualized, however there are guidelines on how a dashboard could be shaped. Something that previous works and different interviewees in the present study agreed on was that a dashboard should consist of 4 to 8 KPIs. Too many KPIs can decrease the chance of obtaining the advantages that monitoring and visualizing KPIs on a digital dashboard can bring. Something that emerged from the study is the importance of first identify what to visualize and then implement how. Among the answers during the data collection, many interviewees found the number of users that were logged in on their products as something that would be useful to monitor. The reason for this was partly that the interviewees considered that by monitoring these numbers, it could increase the pride among the colleagues. The interviewees thought that it might boost morale among the employees if they visualized the many users of the products they are developing.
Genom att övervaka nyckeltal (KPIer) kan användare erhålla fördelar som är ovärderliga när det gäller beslutsfattande och prestandaförbättring hos mjukvaruföretag. Tillsammans med olika verktyg som möjliggör visualisering av KPIer får användare stora fördelar som gör det möjligt att snabbt upptäcka fel som kan uppstå i en produkt eller i ett system. Många studier berör ämnet datavisualisering och digitala instrumentpaneler. Trots det här är ämnet KPIer, specifikt de som ger värdefull information till företag som utvecklar HR- och lönesystem outforskat. Syftet med den här studien har varit att undersöka hur viktiga KPIer bör visualiseras på en digital instrumentpanel hos ett företag som fokuserar på att utveckla HR- och lönesystem. För att undersöka fenomenet genomfördes fem olika intervjuer. En digital instrumentpanel utvecklades även som ett komplement till att svara på forskningsfrågan utifrån tidigare forskning och de empiriska resultat som framkom under studiens gång. Informanterna som deltog i den empiriska datainsamlingen var anställda på ett fallföretag och stationerade i olika utvecklingsteam. Informanterna hade sedan tidigare olika erfarenheter av att använda instrumentpaneler och KPIer. Tidigare studier inom datavisualisering indikerar att KPIer kan användas och visualiseras på olika sätt. När KPIer presenteras på en instrumentpanel finns det olika faktorer som har stort inflytande på hur framgångsrik visualiseringen blir. Det finns inga kompletta mallar för hur KPIer ska visualiseras men det finns riktlinjer för hur en instrumentpanel kan utformas. Något som tidigare studier samt informanterna i den här studien enades om var att en instrumentpanel bör bestå av ett antal mellan fyra och åtta KPIer. Genom att använda för många KPIer så minskar chansen att få de fördelar som övervakning och visualisering av KPIer på en digital instrumentpanel kan ge. Något som den här studien belyser är vikten av att först identifiera vad som ska visualiseras för att sedan implementera hur. En av flera KPIer som ansågs värdefulla för informanterna var antalet användare som var inloggade i deras produkt. Anledningen till det här var delvis att informanterna ansåg att övervakning av användare skulle skapa ökad stolthet bland kollegorna på kontoret.

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Terning, Fredrik. "The predictors of insecticide-treated bed net utilization among female insecticide-treated bed net owners in Tanzania : A cross-sectional study base on data from the Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey and Malaria Indicator Survey of 2015-2016." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-323778.

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Background: Insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) are the main component in combating malaria in Tanzania, yet even though women report having access to a ITN, many do not utilize them. This study tries to measure known predictors of utilization and evaluate their impact on utilization among women who have access to a ITN. Methods: All women, aged 14-49, whom had access to ITNs the night before the Tanzania DHS-MIS 2015-2016 were included. Socio-demographic predictors, exposure to media messages against malaria, knowledge and attitude towards using ITNs were tested against self-reported utilization in a logistic regression analysis. Results: Utilization of ITNs was 76.6% and 91.3% of participants knew that ITNs protect against malaria. The richest participants were the most likely to utilize their ITNs compared to the poorest (AOR1 2.46, 2.04-2.96 95% CI). Utilization increased with knowing ITNs protect against malaria (AOR1 1.33, 1.11-1.58 95% CI), being exposed to the ongoing behaviour communication change campaign (BCC) (AOR1 1.26, 1.09-1.47 95% CI), and living in one of the zones that recently had ITNs distributed. Risk factors were being among the youngest or the oldest adults, thinking that it is not important to sleep under ITNs and living in a zone that has not had a recent ITN distribution campaign. Conclusion: Utilizing ITNs increases with knowledge and exposure to the BCC campaign. The poorest are the least likely to utilize their ITNs. More studies are needed as to why ITNs are not used even though women know the benefits of their use.

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Benediktsdóttir, Laufey. "A customer-centric evaluation of a smart manufacturing concept : Development of a continuous improvement strategy for improving the productivity of a small and medium-sized enterprises." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-267040.

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Nytt AB is a startup focusing on simplifying the concept of smart manufacturing to small and medium-sized companies providing an add-on machine monitoring solution for data analyzing. The product is currently under development with the final product soon to be launched. In the next phase of Nytt AB, a marketing plan has to be strategized. This thesis, which is built on previous Nytt AB’s work, focuses on addressing issues that will be important when creating a marketing and sales strategy. The customer is put as the focal point and the customer values analyzed including discussions on productivity improvements within the machines and how to standardize the changes to satisfy every customer. Using research questions as a base for the study, the customer values were analyzed by first understanding the main threats, weaknesses, strengths, and opportunities for the product and then analyzing data from an installed prototype and the improvements that can be achieved based on the data. The customers can, by using the product get statistical facts about their machines which can be the first step to understand the need for changes within their company. With future development, further customer values will appear, such as providing aid on how to improve KPIs such as availability. Providing this information to the customers will help them obtain a better insight into the field of smart manufacturing, the manufacturing of the future.
Nytt AB är ett nystartat företag som fokuserar på att förenkla konceptet smart tillverkning för små och medelstora företag och erbjuder en maskinövervakningslösning för dataanalys. Produkten är just nu under utveckling, slutprodukten planeras lanseras snart. Nästa steg för Nytt AB är att strukturera en marknadsplan. Detta examensarbete, som bygger på tidigare arbete i Nytt AB, fokuserar på frågor som kommer att vara viktiga när man skapar en marknadsförings- och försäljningsstrategi. Kunden blir i fokus när kundvärdena är analyserade inklusive i diskussioner om produktivitetsförbättringar för maskiner och hur man standardiserar förändringarna för att uppfylla kundens krav. Med hjälp av forskningsfrågor, analyseras kundvärdena genom att först förstå de viktigaste hoten, svagheterna, styrkorna och möjligheterna för produkten och sedan analyseras data från prototypen och de förbättringar som kan uppnås baserat på given data. Kunderna kan genom att använda produkten få statistik om sina maskiner vilket kan vara första steget att inse behovet av förändringar inom kundföretaget. Vid utveckling kommer ytterligare kundvärden att dyka upp, till exempel metoder på hur man förbättrar olika nyckeltal, såsom tillgänglighet. Att ge denna information till kunderna hjälper dem att få en bättre inblick i smart tillverkning, framtidens tillverkning.

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Morrison, Thomas M. "THE USE OF TELEMETRY DATA IN AN AIR DATA SYSTEM." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604135.

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ITC/USA 2006 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Second Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 23-26, 2006 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California
Telemetry data are usually collected for analysis at some later time and can be monitored to follow the progress of a test. In the case of an Air Data System the signals from the sensors are sent to a computer that calculates the air data parameters for use on multiple LabView-generated displays, as well as to the Data Acquisition System. The readouts on the multiple displays need to be real-time so they are useful to the flight crew. Equations that control the different air data values are determined by what telemetry data are available and the preference of those doing the test planning. These systems need to display the information in a format useful to the flight crew and be reliable.

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Janata, Pavel. "Možnosti CPM řešení v bankovnictví." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15494.

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This thesis addresses issues of measuring and managing the performance of commercial bank institutions by means of a system called Corporate Performance Management (CPM). The theoretical part of this work is devoted to introduction of banking industry and methods of performance measurement in commercial banks. It introduces a general concept and key components of CPM supported by Business Intelligence technology. In the practical part of this work there is introduced the design of two concrete CPM solutions which are being currently built in banks -- KPI processing and interest margin calculation. The main thesis contribution to the existing literature is a creation of complex material about relevant aspects of implementation CPM solutions in data warehouses of commercial banks and creation the conceptual design of a concrete solution.

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Lee, Jean. "Variation in pediatric gastroenteritis admissions among Florida counties, 1995-2002." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001610.

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White, Gwen. "Enhancing Existing Disaster Recovery Plans Using Backup Performance Indicators." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4409.

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Companies that perform data backup lose valuable data because they lack reliable data backup or restoration methods. The purpose of this study was to examine the need for a Six Sigma data backup performance indicator tool that clarifies the current state of a data backup method using an intuitive numerical scale. The theoretical framework for the study included backup theory, disaster recovery theory, and Six Sigma theory. The independent variables were implementation of data backup, data backup quality, and data backup confidence. The dependent variable was the need for a data backup performance indicator. An adapted survey instrument that measured an organization's data backup plan, originally administered by Information Week, was used to survey 107 businesses with 15 to 250 employees in the Greater Cincinnati area. The results revealed that 69 out of 107 small businesses did not need a data backup performance indicator and the binary logistic regression model indicated no significant relationship between the dependent and independent variables. The conclusion of the study is that many small businesses have not experienced a disaster and cannot see the importance of a data backup indicator that quantifies recovery potential in case of a disaster. It is recommended that further research is required to determine if this phenomenon is only applicable only to small businesses in the Greater Cincinnati area through comparisons based on business size and location. This study contributes to positive social change through improvement of data backup, which enables organizations to quickly recover from a disaster, thereby saving jobs and contributing to the stability of city, state, and national economies.

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CARVALHO, ELAINE ALVES DE. "HEURISTICS FOR DATA WAREHOUSE REQUIREMENTS ELICITATION USING PERFORMANCE INDICATORS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=15136@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
As organizações se deparam com uma necessidade cada vez maior de mudar e evoluir, mas para isso elas precisam tomar as decisões corretas. Para essa tomada de decisão, as empresas estão adotando os recursos disponibilizados pela Tecnologia da Informação (TI) como parte fundamental para apoiar suas decisões. Um componente de TI essencial para aprimorar o processo de tomada de decisão é o data warehouse. Para cumprir bem o seu papel, o data warehouse deve ser bem definido. Embora existam diversas abordagens que buscam melhorar a tarefa de identificação dos requisitos para data warehouses, poucas exploram as contribuições da Engenharia de Processos de Negócios (EPN) no processo de definição dos requisitos. Esta dissertação estuda um meio de aprimorar a tarefa de elicitação de requisitos para data warehouses, utilizando indicadores de desempenho aliados aos processos de negócio. Para isso é sugerido um conjunto de heurísticas que visam, a partir dos indicadores de desempenho, orientar a descoberta dos requisitos de data warehouse. A aplicação das heurísticas propostas é feita em um caso, facilitando a compreensão da abordagem sugerida nesse trabalho.
Organizations need to change and evolve, but for that it is necessary to make the right decisions. For this decision, companies are using Information Technology (IT) as a fundamental part to support their decisions. An essential IT component to improve the process of decision making is the data warehouse. In order to fulfill its role well, the data warehouse must be well defined. There are various approaches that try to improve the task of identifying data warehouses requirements, but few explore the contributions of Business Processes Engineering (BPE) in the process of requirements gathering. This dissertation studies how to improve data warehouses requirements elicitation using performance indicators allied to business processes. For this it is suggested a set of heuristics designed to guide performance measures identification and data warehouse requirements discovery. The heuristics are applied in a case to facilitate understanding of suggested approach in this work.

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Ricca, Rosellini Fabio. "Calcolo di indicatori di performance aziendale in contesto Big Data." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15950/.

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La seguente tesi presenta un sistema configurabile, automatiizzato e scalabile per creare degli indicatori di performance aziendale partendo da dati strutturati e non. L'archietettura usata è quella big data opensource.

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Skogsberg, Peter. "Quantitative indicators of a successful mobile application." Thesis, KTH, Radio Systems Laboratory (RS Lab), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-123976.

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The smartphone industry has grown immensely in recent years. The two leading platforms, Google Android and Apple iOS, each feature marketplaces offering hundreds of thousands of software applications, or apps. The vast selection has facilitated a maturing industry, with new business and revenue models emerging. As an app developer, basic statistics and data for one's apps are available via the marketplace, but also via third-party data sources. This report regards how mobile software is evaluated and rated quantitatively by both endusers and developers, and which metrics are relevant in this context. A selection of freely available third-party data sources and app monitoring tools is discussed, followed by introduction of several relevant statistical methods and data mining techniques. The main object of this thesis project is to investigate whether findings from app statistics can provide understanding in how to design more successful apps, that attract more downloads and/or more revenue. After the theoretical background, a practical implementation is discussed, in the form of an in-house application statistics web platform. This was developed together with the app developer company The Mobile Life, who also provided access to app data for 16 of their published iOS and Android apps. The implementation utilizes automated download and import from online data sources, and provides a web based graphical user interface to display this data using tables and charts. Using mathematical software, a number of statistical methods have been applied to the collected dataset. Analysis findings include different categories (clusters) of apps, the existence of correlations between metrics such as an app’s market ranking and the number of downloads, a long-tailed distribution of keywords used in app reviews, regression analysis models for the distribution of downloads, and an experimental application of Pareto’s 80-20 rule which was found relevant to the gathered dataset. Recommendations to the app company include embedding session tracking libraries such as Google Analytics into future apps. This would allow collection of in-depth metrics such as session length and user retention, which would enable more interesting pattern discovery.
Smartphonebranschen har växt kraftigt de senaste åren. De två ledande operativsystemen, Google Android och Apple iOS, har vardera distributionskanaler som erbjuder hundratusentals mjukvaruapplikationer, eller appar. Det breda utbudet har bidragit till en mognande bransch, med nya växande affärs- och intäktsmodeller. Som apputvecklare finns grundläggande statistik och data för ens egna appar att tillgå via distributionskanalerna, men även via datakällor från tredje part. Den här rapporten behandlar hur mobil mjukvara utvärderas och bedöms kvantitativt av båda slutanvändare och utvecklare, samt vilka data och mått som är relevanta i sammanhanget. Ett urval av fritt tillgängliga tredjeparts datakällor och bevakningsverktyg presenteras, följt av en översikt av flertalet relevanta statistiska metoder och data mining-tekniker. Huvudsyftet med detta examensarbete är att utreda om fynd utifrån appstatistik kan ge förståelse för hur man utvecklar och utformar mer framgångsrika appar, som uppnår fler nedladdningar och/eller större intäkter. Efter den teoretiska bakgrunden diskuteras en konkret implementation, i form av en intern webplattform för appstatistik. Denna plattform utvecklades i samarbete med apputvecklaren The Mobile Life, som också bistod med tillgång till appdata för 16 av deras publicerade iOSoch Android-appar. Implementationen nyttjar automatiserad nedladdning och import av data från datakällor online, samt utgör ett grafiskt gränssnitt för att åskådliggöra datan med bland annat tabeller och grafer. Med hjälp av matematisk mjukvara har ett antal statistiska metoder tillämpats på det insamlade dataurvalet. Analysens omfattning inkluderar en kategorisering (klustring) av appar, existensen av en korrelation mellan mätvärden såsom appars ranking och dess antal nedladdningar, analys av vanligt förekommande ord ur apprecensioner, en regressionsanalysmodell för distributionen av nedladdningar samt en experimentell applicering av Paretos ”80-20”-regel som fanns lämplig för vår data. Rekommendationer till appföretaget inkluderar att bädda in bibliotek för appsessionsspårning, såsom Google Analytics, i dess framtida appar. Detta skulle möjliggöra insamling av mer detaljerad data såsom att mäta sessionslängd och användarlojalitet, vilket skulle möjliggöra mer intressanta analyser.

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Blázquez, Soriano María Desamparados. "Design and Evaluation of Web-Based Economic Indicators: A Big Data Analysis Approach." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/116836.

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[ES] En la Era Digital, el creciente uso de Internet y de dispositivos digitales está transformando completamente la forma de interactuar en el contexto económico y social. Miles de personas, empresas y organismos públicos utilizan Internet en sus actividades diarias, generando de este modo una enorme cantidad de datos actualizados ("Big Data") accesibles principalmente a través de la World Wide Web (WWW), que se ha convertido en el mayor repositorio de información del mundo. Estas huellas digitales se pueden rastrear y, si se procesan y analizan de manera apropiada, podrían ayudar a monitorizar en tiempo real una infinidad de variables económicas. En este contexto, el objetivo principal de esta tesis doctoral es generar indicadores económicos, basados en datos web, que sean capaces de proveer regularmente de predicciones a corto plazo ("nowcasting") sobre varias actividades empresariales que son fundamentales para el crecimiento y desarrollo de las economías. Concretamente, tres indicadores económicos basados en la web han sido diseñados y evaluados: en primer lugar, un indicador de orientación exportadora, basado en un modelo que predice si una empresa es exportadora; en segundo lugar, un indicador de adopción de comercio electrónico, basado en un modelo que predice si una empresa ofrece la posibilidad de venta online; y en tercer lugar, un indicador de supervivencia empresarial, basado en dos modelos que indican la probabilidad de supervivencia de una empresa y su tasa de riesgo. Para crear estos indicadores, se han descargado una diversidad de datos de sitios web corporativos de forma manual y automática, que posteriormente se han procesado y analizado con técnicas de análisis Big Data. Los resultados muestran que los datos web seleccionados están altamente relacionados con las variables económicas objeto de estudio, y que los indicadores basados en la web que se han diseñado en esta tesis capturan en un alto grado los valores reales de dichas variables económicas, siendo por tanto válidos para su uso por parte del mundo académico, de las empresas y de los decisores políticos. Además, la naturaleza online y digital de los indicadores basados en la web hace posible proveer regularmente y de forma barata de predicciones a corto plazo. Así, estos indicadores son ventajosos con respecto a los indicadores tradicionales. Esta tesis doctoral ha contribuido a generar conocimiento sobre la viabilidad de producir indicadores económicos con datos online procedentes de sitios web corporativos. Los indicadores que se han diseñado pretenden contribuir a la modernización en la producción de estadísticas oficiales, así como ayudar a los decisores políticos y los gerentes de empresas a tomar decisiones informadas más rápidamente.
[CAT] A l'Era Digital, el creixent ús d'Internet i dels dispositius digitals està transformant completament la forma d'interactuar al context econòmic i social. Milers de persones, empreses i organismes públics utilitzen Internet a les seues activitats diàries, generant d'aquesta forma una enorme quantitat de dades actualitzades ("Big Data") accessibles principalment mitjançant la World Wide Web (WWW), que s'ha convertit en el major repositori d'informació del món. Aquestes empremtes digitals poden rastrejar-se i, si se processen i analitzen de forma apropiada, podrien ajudar a monitoritzar en temps real una infinitat de variables econòmiques. En aquest context, l'objectiu principal d'aquesta tesi doctoral és generar indicadors econòmics, basats en dades web, que siguen capaços de proveïr regularment de prediccions a curt termini ("nowcasting") sobre diverses activitats empresarials que són fonamentals per al creixement i desenvolupament de les economies. Concretament, tres indicadors econòmics basats en la web han sigut dissenyats i avaluats: en primer lloc, un indicador d'orientació exportadora, basat en un model que prediu si una empresa és exportadora; en segon lloc, un indicador d'adopció de comerç electrònic, basat en un model que prediu si una empresa ofereix la possibilitat de venda online; i en tercer lloc, un indicador de supervivència empresarial, basat en dos models que indiquen la probabilitat de supervivència d'una empresa i la seua tasa de risc. Per a crear aquestos indicadors, s'han descarregat una diversitat de dades de llocs web corporatius de forma manual i automàtica, que posteriorment s'han analitzat i processat amb tècniques d'anàlisi Big Data. Els resultats mostren que les dades web seleccionades estan altament relacionades amb les variables econòmiques objecte d'estudi, i que els indicadors basats en la web que s'han dissenyat en aquesta tesi capturen en un alt grau els valors reals d'aquestes variables econòmiques, sent per tant vàlids per al seu ús per part del món acadèmic, de les empreses i dels decisors polítics. A més, la naturalesa online i digital dels indicadors basats en la web fa possible proveïr regularment i de forma barata de prediccions a curt termini. D'aquesta forma, són avantatjosos en comparació als indicadors tradicionals. Aquesta tesi doctoral ha contribuït a generar coneixement sobre la viabilitat de produïr indicadors econòmics amb dades online procedents de llocs web corporatius. Els indicadors que s'han dissenyat pretenen contribuïr a la modernització en la producció d'estadístiques oficials, així com ajudar als decisors polítics i als gerents d'empreses a prendre decisions informades més ràpidament.
[EN] In the Digital Era, the increasing use of the Internet and digital devices is completely transforming the way of interacting in the economic and social framework. Myriad individuals, companies and public organizations use the Internet for their daily activities, generating a stream of fresh data ("Big Data") principally accessible through the World Wide Web (WWW), which has become the largest repository of information in the world. These digital footprints can be tracked and, if properly processed and analyzed, could help to monitor in real time a wide range of economic variables. In this context, the main goal of this PhD thesis is to generate economic indicators, based on web data, which are able to provide regular, short-term predictions ("nowcasting") about some business activities that are basic for the growth and development of an economy. Concretely, three web-based economic indicators have been designed and evaluated: first, an indicator of firms' export orientation, which is based on a model that predicts if a firm is an exporter; second, an indicator of firms' engagement in e-commerce, which is based on a model that predicts if a firm offers e-commerce facilities in its website; and third, an indicator of firms' survival, which is based on two models that indicate the probability of survival of a firm and its hazard rate. To build these indicators, a variety of data from corporate websites have been retrieved manually and automatically, and subsequently have been processed and analyzed with Big Data analysis techniques. Results show that the selected web data are highly related to the economic variables under study, and the web-based indicators designed in this thesis are capturing to a great extent their real values, thus being valid for their use by the academia, firms and policy-makers. Additionally, the digital and online nature of web-based indicators makes it possible to provide timely, inexpensive predictions about the economy. This way, they are advantageous with respect to traditional indicators. This PhD thesis has contributed to generating knowledge about the viability of producing economic indicators with data coming from corporate websites. The indicators that have been designed are expected to contribute to the modernization of official statistics and to help in making earlier, more informed decisions to policy-makers and business managers.
Blázquez Soriano, MD. (2019). Design and Evaluation of Web-Based Economic Indicators: A Big Data Analysis Approach [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/116836
TESIS

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Orrie, Orika. "Smartphone application architecture and security for patient vital signs sensors and indicators." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/66235.

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South Africa is a developing country with great potential to be leaders in technology and research, especially in the medical field. Rural areas in many countries do not have access to basic healthcare services due to the distance and inaccessibility of these services. Currently people living in the rural areas in South Africa are required to rely on the people within the area, who may not be trained; on doctors who make house calls, who may not be able to access the patient in time or on finding transport to the nearest hospital, which may be hundreds of kilometres away. This leads to many rural residents not seeking aid for aliments thereby often lowering life expectancy. South Africa has many world-renowned medical practitioners who would be able to assist the residents in these areas if there were methods for observation and recording of health statuses without the need for either party to travel. This dissertation studied and developed a method to assist not only the residents in rural areas, but also urban residents to record their vital signs without the assistance of a licenced medical practitioner, to upload the data to a database and to then allow the data to be viewable by the medical practitioner who may be situated elsewhere in South Africa or the world. This system allows for the elimination of human error when recording vital sign data as recording is not done through human intervention. Through the use of communications technologies such as Bluetooth, NFC and Wi-Fi a system was designed which ensures that a patient can record medical data without the presence of a medical practitioner, the patient can access previous health records and readings and the patient can give a new medical practitioner a full medical history. The patient's data has been secured using AES and RSA encryption as well as verification through hash values at all points of transfer and access is granted to the patients' medical data only through the patient or a licenced medical practitioner. The data recording and transfer has been completed taking into consideration all the medical legislation and laws in South Africa. This system allows the South African medical health sector to service all South Africa residents, including the residents in rural areas.
Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering
MEng
Unrestricted

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Ho, Joseph. "Modelling bank customers' behaviour using data warehouses and incorporating economic indicators." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23052.

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Vinluan, Edlin Artuz. "Survival of Microbial Indicators In constructed Wetlands." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1996. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_etd_hy0275_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Johari, Shirazi Iman. "Combining Business Intelligence, Indicators, and the User Requirements Notation for Performance Monitoring." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23540.

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Organizations use Business Intelligence (BI) systems to monitor how well they are meeting their goals and objectives. Yet, very often BI systems do not include clear models of the organization’s goals or of how to measure whether they are satisfied or not. Several researchers now attempt to integrate goal models into BI systems, but there are still major challenges related to how to get access to the BI data to populate the part of the goal model (often indicators) used to assess goal satisfaction. This thesis explores a new approach to integrate BI systems with goal models. In particular, it explores the integration of IBM Cognos Business Intelligence, a leading BI tool, with an Eclipse-based goal modeling tool named jUCMNav. jUCMNav is an open source graphical editor for the User Requirements Notation (URN), which includes the Use Case Map notation for scenarios and processes and the Goal-oriented Requirement Language for business objectives. URN was recently extended with the concept of Key Performance Indicator (KPI) to enable performance assessment and monitoring of business processes. In jUCMNav, KPIs are currently calculated or modified manually. The new integration proposed in this thesis maps these KPIs to report elements that are generated automatically by Cognos based on the model defined in jUCMNav at runtime, with minimum effort. We are using IBM Cognos Mashup Service, which includes web services that enable the retrieval of report elements at the most granular level. This transformation provides managers and analysts with useful goal-oriented and process-oriented monitoring views fed by just-in-time BI information. This new solution also automates retrieving data from Cognos servers, which helps reducing the high costs usually caused by the amount of manual work required otherwise. The novel approach presented in this thesis avoids manual report generation and minimizes any contract with respect to the location of manually created reports, hence leading to better usability and performance. The approach and its tool support are illustrated with an ongoing example, validated with a case study, and verified through testing.

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Hedin, Nathalie, and Adrian Zander. "Using KPIs in decision-making tools in the construction industry." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-253805.

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The construction industry has a great opportunity to streamline its operations even more by making greater use of the digital revolution. The industry today uses a lot of manual data management and analysis to get an overview of the business and to make decisions. This can be a time-consuming process that could be made more efficient through Business Intelligence (BI). BI is a technology that automatically, with the help of selected Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), shows the current status of how a business performs. This can allow managers and executives to make decisions easier and faster.This study examines which KPIs that are of common interest to companies and organizations in the construction industry as well as how these KPIs can be presented to the end users of a BI application. To investigate this, data is collected through literature studies and interviews, which results in a list of common KPIs for the industry. From this common list, a number of KPIs are selected to be visually represented.An analysis of the results, indicates that KPIs are of different importance and relevance depending on which sector of the construction industry the interviewee belongs to. There also appears to be sector-specific KPIs and the common list suggests that the profit margin is of great importance throughout the whole industry. KPIs can be represented in different types of charts and diagrams, depending on the purpose they hold, and should be designed so that they are intuitive and easy to understand.
Bygg- och hantverksbranschen har stor möjlighet att effektivisera sin verksamhet ännu mer genom att i större utsträckning utnyttja den digitaliserade utvecklingen. Branschen använder idag mycket manuell datahantering och manuell dataanalys för att få en överblick över verksamheten och ta beslut. Detta kan vara en tidskrävande process, som skulle kunna effektiviseras ytterligare genom Business Intelligence (BI). BI är en teknologi som automatiskt, med hjälp av valda nyckeltal (KPI:er), visar aktuell status på hur en verksamhet presterar. Detta kan göra att beslutsfattare kan fatta beslut enklare och snabbare.Denna studie undersöker vilka nyckeltal som är av gemensamt intresse för företag och organisationer i byggoch hantverksbranschen samt hur dessa nyckeltal kan presenteras för slutanvändarna av en BI-applikation. För att ta reda på detta samlas data in genom litteraturstudier och intervjuer, vilket resulterar i en lista över gemensamma KPI:er i branchen. Ur denna lista handplockas ett antal nyckeltal ut för att representeras visuellt.En analys av resultaten indikerar att nyckeltal är av olika vikt och relevans, beroende på vilken sektortillhörighet av byggoch hantverksbranschen den intervjuade tillhör. Det verkar även finnas sektorspecifika KPI:er samt att listan med de branchgemensamma nyckeltalen antyder att vinstmarginal är av stor vikt. KPI:er kan representeras i olika typer av diagram beroende på vilket syfte de innehar och bör designas så att de är intuitiva och lättförståeliga.

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Resende, Neto Antonio de Lara. "Uma proposta de construção de indicador de performance de fundos de investimento." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2006. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/4947.

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Economia, 2006.
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Vários indicadores numéricos de performance, como os índices de Sharpe e de Sortino, são utilizados para avaliar fundos de investimento. Esses indicadores descrevem características quantitativas desses fundos permitindo dessa forma uma análise comparativa entre seus resultados. Esse estudo desenvolve um novo indicador de performance de fundos de investimento por meio de uma análise DEA (data envelopment analysis). Esse indicador é mais aconselhável quando os retornos dos fundos não têm distribuição normal e não é possível caracterizá-los corretamente usando apenas os primeiros dois momentos da distribuição de probabilidades de retorno. _________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
Several measures of performance, like Sharpe and Sortino measures, are used to evaluate investment funds. These measures embody quantitative characteristics of funds that allow a comparative analysis between their results. This paper develops a new measure of performance for investment funds by using a DEA program. This measure is better suited for returns that are not normally distributed and therefore it is not possible to correctly characterize them using only the first two moments of their distribuitions.

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Hackl, Peter, and Michaela Denk. "Data Integration: Techniques and Evaluation." Austrian Statistical Society, 2004. http://epub.wu.ac.at/5631/1/435%2D1317%2D1%2DSM.pdf.

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Within the DIECOFIS framework, ec3, the Division of Business Statistics from the Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration and ISTAT worked together to find methods to create a comprehensive database of enterprise data required for taxation microsimulations via integration of existing disparate enterprise data sources. This paper provides an overview of the broad spectrum of investigated methodology (including exact and statistical matching as well as imputation) and related statistical quality indicators, and emphasises the relevance of data integration, especially for official statistics, as a means of using available information more efficiently and improving the quality of a statistical agency's products. Finally, an outlook on an empirical study comparing different exact matching procedures in the maintenance of Statistics Austria's Business Register is presented.

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Lai, Yuk-lin. "Analysis of incomplete survey data with application to the construction of social indicators of Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19929523.

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Baltazar, Marcos Charles Pinheiro. "Selection of representative indicators for international Benchmarking practice." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=15699.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
Benchmarking is considered one of the best performance analysis techniques to drive actions that will lead the company to a higher performance. The data collection phase is the one that requires more time and effort in the practice of benchmarking. The development of a database with pre-defined indicators favors the comparison of the performance of business processes. The objective of this research is to select a set of quantitative indicators of continuous variables for financial benchmarking practice, profitability, innovation and productivity, that are representative for benchmarking practice in Brazil and worldwide. It also aims to ascertain and list financial indicators of profitability, innovation and productivity used by the Benchmarking Index for corporate awards, journals and business support agencies. Representative indicators are those of widespread use in the business environment, easy to collect primary and secondary source and allow a comparison with banks of national and international data. As a methodological reference, we picked up an european benchmarking system - Benchmarking Index - with financial indicators of profitability, innovation and productivity. Through bibliographical research on corporate indicators and documentary research in technical journals, corporate awards and business support agencies, selected a set of indicators to determine the national database. The indicators were validated by application in micro and small enterprises (MSEs), medium and large companies. It was concluded that it is possible to develop a data base for benchmarking with predominantly financial ratios and profitability. It showed up the implementation of difficulty MSE due to failure to follow these indicators, although many of them can collect the indicators. It was observed also that these indicators are available in specialized magazines and have similar concepts, but with variations in composition. Finally, among the proposed indicators that are well spread in the business world, although there is no similar used in the Benchmarking Index, we highlight the indicators EBITDA, EBITDA margin and EBITDA variation.
Considera-se o benchmarking uma das melhores tÃcnicas de anÃlise de desempenho para direcionar aÃÃes que levarÃo a empresa para um desempenho superior. A fase de coleta de dados Ã a que demanda mais tempo e esforÃo na prÃtica do benchmarking. A elaboraÃÃo de uma base de dados com indicadores prÃ-definidos favorece a comparaÃÃo do desempenho de processos empresariais. O objetivo desta pesquisa Ã selecionar um grupo de indicadores quantitativos de variÃveis contÃnuas para prÃtica de benchmarking financeiro, de rentabilidade, de inovaÃÃo e de produtividade que sejam representativos para a prÃtica de benchmarking no Brasil e no mundo. Objetiva-se tambÃm averiguar e listar indicadores financeiros, de rentabilidade, de inovaÃÃo e de produtividade utilizados pelo Benchmarking Index, por prÃmios empresariais, revistas especializadas e por ÃrgÃos de apoio empresarial. Indicadores representativos sÃo aqueles de uso disseminado no meio empresarial, de fÃcil coleta em fonte primÃrias e secundÃrias e que permitam a comparaÃÃo com bancos de dados nacionais e internacionais. Como referÃncia metodolÃgica, escolheu-se o sistema de benchmarking europeu - Benchmarking Index - com indicadores financeiros, de rentabilidade, de inovaÃÃo e de produtividade. Por meio de pesquisa bibliogrÃfica sobre indicadores empresariais e de pesquisa documental em revistas tÃcnicas, prÃmios empresariais e ÃrgÃos de apoio empresarial selecionou-se um conjunto de indicadores para compor o banco de dados nacional. Os indicadores foram validados atravÃs de aplicaÃÃo em micro e pequenas empresas (MPE), empresas de mÃdio e de grande porte. Concluiu-se que Ã possÃvel elaborar uma base de dados para benchmarking com predominÃncia de indicadores financeiros e de rentabilidade. Evidenciou-se a dificuldade de aplicaÃÃo em MPEâs, devido ao fato de estas nÃo acompanharem estes indicadores, embora muitas delas possam coletÃ-los. Observou-se, ainda, que esses indicadores estÃo disponÃveis em revistas especializadas e que apresentam conceitos similares, mas com variaÃÃes na sua composiÃÃo. Por Ãltimo, dentre os indicadores propostos que sÃo bem disseminados no meio empresarial, embora nÃo haja similares utilizado no Benchmarking Index, destacam-se os indicadores EBITDA, margem EBITDA e variaÃÃo EBITDA.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Indicator data'

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